Equipment for testing material performance

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of metal material testing, in particular to equipment for testing material performance, which comprises a testing platform, the testing platform is provided with a detection mechanism, a supporting mechanism, an extrusion mechanism and a power mechanism, the extrusion mechanism and the power mechanism are arranged on the supporting mechanism, and the extrusion mechanism comprises an extrusion block and a reversing unit for adjusting the orientation change of the extrusion block. At least one end of the extrusion block is open, the extrusion block is used for shearing and crushing a to-be-tested substrate, and a rotating handle is arranged on the extrusion block; and the power mechanism comprises a shearing driving unit and a pressure driving unit which are used for driving the extrusion block to move. By implementing the scheme, the test efficiency of the magnesium alloy material under various test conditions is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of metal material testing, and more specifically to a device for testing material properties. Background Technology

[0002] Magnesium alloys, due to their excellent specific strength and specific stiffness, exhibit significant performance advantages in industrial applications and are widely used in many fields, especially in high-end equipment and consumer electronics where lightweighting is required. Examples include components for new energy vehicles, aircraft cabin parts in aerospace, and missile guidance system housings. Therefore, when used in such high-end, precision equipment, testing their mechanical properties is particularly important.

[0003] In the traditional testing process, mechanical strength testing mostly relies on extrusion to determine strength. However, since magnesium alloy products with different structures have different functions in actual use, such as load-bearing components in automobiles needing to be tensile-resistant and electronic device housings needing to be impact-resistant, this traditional method has certain drawbacks.

[0004] When applying magnesium alloy materials for specific applications, the applicant conducts shear and extrusion tests separately to ensure that the strength meets the standards through comprehensive strength testing. However, this current approach requires separate testing on shear and extrusion testing equipment. This method has the following problems: 1. High testing costs, requiring two types of testing equipment; 2. Low testing efficiency, as the materials must be transported from the extrusion testing equipment to the shear testing equipment after testing, resulting in low efficiency and relatively high labor costs. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a testing device that can improve testing efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to provide an apparatus for testing material properties to improve testing efficiency under various testing conditions.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a device for testing material properties, comprising a testing platform, wherein the testing platform is provided with a detection mechanism, a support mechanism, and an extrusion mechanism and a power mechanism disposed on the support mechanism, the extrusion mechanism comprising an extrusion block and a reversing unit for adjusting the orientation of the extrusion block, the extrusion block having at least one open end for shearing and crushing the substrate to be tested, and the extrusion block being provided with a rotating handle; the power mechanism comprising a shearing drive unit and a pressure drive unit for driving the extrusion block to move.

[0007] Preferably, as an improvement, the extrusion block includes an extrusion member, a counterweight is fixedly provided inside the extrusion member, a sliding gap is provided between the two sides of the counterweight adjacent to the rotating handle and the extrusion member, and a sliding hole is provided on the counterweight along its axial direction.

[0008] Preferably, as an improvement, the reversing unit includes a steering groove disposed on the handle, the steering groove including a horizontal groove and a vertical groove, the two ends of the horizontal groove being connected to a sliding hole and the vertical groove respectively.

[0009] Preferably, as an improvement, the support mechanism includes two arched frames fixed on the test platform, each arched frame having a bracket along its axial direction, and a test gap for placing the substrate is left between the bracket and the test platform. The sides of the two brackets that are close to each other are slidably connected in the two sliding gaps of the extrusion block, and a guide shaft for sliding in the sliding hole and the turning groove is also provided between the two brackets.

[0010] Preferably, as an improvement, the shearing drive unit includes a threaded rotating shaft vertically mounted on a support, and a threaded groove formed on the side wall of the extruder for engaging with the threaded rotating shaft, wherein the threaded rotating shaft is laterally slidably connected to the support.

[0011] Preferably, as an improvement, the pressure drive unit includes a push rod assembly located directly above the arch frame, the push rod assembly being positioned directly above the rotation path of the handle axis.

[0012] Preferably, as an improvement, the detection mechanism includes slide bars on both sides of the extrusion mechanism, with laser detection components slidably connected to the slide bars, and the laser detection components on the two slide bars corresponding to each other. The laser detection components are composed of multiple laser emitting tubes.

[0013] Preferably, as an improvement, the upper and lower sides of the bracket are respectively provided with an upper thrust cylinder and a lower thrust cylinder, and a sliding frame is also laterally slidably connected to the bracket. The output shaft of the lower thrust cylinder is connected to the sliding frame, one end of the threaded rotating shaft is connected to the upper thrust cylinder, and the other end is rotatably connected to the sliding frame.

[0014] Preferably, as an improvement, the push rod assembly includes a pressure cylinder with a thrust claw, and the handle has an annular groove for engaging with the thrust claw.

[0015] The principles and advantages of this scheme are: 1. This solution employs a clever mechanical structure design, where the shearing drive unit, pressure drive unit, extrusion block, and reversing unit work in synergy. This allows a single extrusion mechanism to perform both shearing and pressure failure tests on magnesium alloy materials. This eliminates the need to switch between two testing devices, significantly improving testing efficiency and reducing labor costs associated with such transfers. Furthermore, switching between different testing functions is as simple as turning a handle, requiring no additional actions or post-switch equipment adjustments – making it quick and easy.

[0016] 2. Through the design of this solution, the structure of this equipment is compact, and multiple devices can be arranged along the length of the substrate to be tested simultaneously without any interference between them, which can greatly improve the testing efficiency.

[0017] 3. This solution utilizes interconnected sliding holes and steering grooves on the counterweight and rotating handle, along with a guide shaft, to achieve various posture changes for the extrusion block. For example, during the shearing test, the extrusion block is vertical; when switching to the pressure extrusion test, it becomes horizontal; and when the extrusion block descends vertically, it automatically transitions from a horizontal longitudinal state to a transverse state aligned with the axial direction of the substrate under test. These state transitions are seamless and require no waiting time, further improving testing efficiency. Furthermore, no additional switching mechanism is needed throughout the entire posture change process, reducing equipment costs.

[0018] 4. This solution utilizes the coordinated operation of a reciprocating linearly movable and rotatable threaded rotating shaft and the threaded groove of the extrusion block to achieve both a shearing drive state when combined and a separation state during extrusion testing, thus avoiding mutual interference. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the extrusion mechanism.

[0021] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the extrusion mechanism.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the coordination state of the motor mechanism and the extrusion mechanism.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of the support mechanism and the shear drive unit.

[0024] Figure 6 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure after removing the extrusion parts and the threaded rotating shaft.

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure drive unit.

[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the testing organization.

[0027] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings include: Substrate 1, substrate to be tested 11; Extrusion mechanism 2, extrusion part 21, threaded groove 22, counterweight 23, sliding hole 231, balance hole 232, handle 24, annular groove 241, horizontal slide groove 242, vertical slide groove 243; Power mechanism 3, arched frame 31, first vertical plate 32, upper horizontal plate 33, drive slide 331, connecting block 332, upper push cylinder 333, guide shaft 334, threaded rotating shaft 34, rotary motor 341, sliding frame 35, lower push cylinder 351, pressure cylinder 36, thrust claw 361, support frame 362, slot 363, second vertical plate 37; The testing mechanism 4, the fixing block 41, the slide bar 42, the testing component 43, the connecting frame 431, the support plate 432, and the laser emitting tube 433. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The following detailed description illustrates the specific implementation method: The basic implementation examples are as follows: Figures 1-8 As shown: A device for testing the properties of materials includes a testing platform, on which a substrate 1, a testing mechanism 4, a support mechanism, and an extrusion mechanism 2 and a power mechanism 3 are provided on the support mechanism.

[0029] The extrusion mechanism 2 includes an extrusion block and a reversing unit for adjusting the orientation of the extrusion block. At least one end of the extrusion block is open, and the open end faces the test platform for shearing test on the substrate 11 to be tested. The extrusion block is provided with a rotating handle 24.

[0030] Specifically, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the extrusion block includes an extruder 21 with a groove-shaped cross-section. A counterweight 23 is fixedly installed inside the groove of the extruder 21, and the lower side of the extruder 21 is lower than the lower surface of the counterweight 23. A rotating handle 24 is fixedly installed on the right side of the counterweight 23. A sliding gap is left between the counterweight 23 and the extruder 21 on both sides adjacent to the rotating handle 24. A sliding hole 231 is provided along the upper edge of the counterweight 23. The sliding hole 231 is T-shaped or L-shaped, and in this embodiment, it is preferably L-shaped. It includes a vertical sliding hole 231 and a horizontal sliding hole 231. When the guide shaft 334 slides to the upper end point of the sliding hole 231, the bottom surface of the extruder 21 contacts the substrate 1, thus ensuring that the extruder 21 can effectively shear the substrate 11 under test.

[0031] The purpose of designing the sliding hole 231 as L-shaped in this embodiment is that when the shearing test is completed, if a compression test is required, the guide shaft 334 can smoothly enter the transverse sliding hole 231 from the upper end point of the vertical sliding hole 231 when the handle 24 is pushed to rotate upward, and then enter the steering groove. Compared with designing the sliding hole 231 as T-shaped, this design eliminates the step of manually aligning the guide shaft 334 with the transverse sliding hole 231.

[0032] In addition, a balance hole 232 is provided on the side of the counterweight 23 away from the sliding hole 231. The purpose is to make the weight of the counterweight 23 consistent on both sides of the rotating handle 24, so that the extrusion block is in a horizontal state during the extrusion test, so that it is subjected to uniform force when it comes into contact with the substrate 11 to be tested, and the test is more accurate.

[0033] The reversing unit includes a steering groove formed on the handle 24. The steering groove includes a horizontal groove 242 and a vertical groove 243. The horizontal groove 242 and the vertical groove 243 are connected by an arc-shaped groove. The left end of the horizontal groove 242 is connected to the sliding hole 231.

[0034] Combination Figures 4-6 As shown, the support mechanism includes two arched frames 31 fixed to the test platform, each arched frame 31 spanning both sides of the substrate 1. A bracket is fixedly installed along the axial direction below each arched frame 31, and the bracket is fixed to the arched frame 31 by a connecting block 332. The bracket includes an upper horizontal plate 33 and a first vertical plate 32 and a second vertical plate 37 fixed to the left and right ends of the upper horizontal plate 33, respectively. The second vertical plates 37 on the two arched frames 31 are respectively inserted into the two sliding gaps of the extrusion block, and a guide shaft 334 is fixedly connected between the two second vertical plates 37. The guide shaft 334 is slidably connected in the sliding hole 231 and the steering groove. A test gap is left between the bracket and the substrate 1 for placing the substrate 11 to be tested.

[0035] The power mechanism 3 includes a shear drive unit and a pressure drive unit for driving the movement of the extrusion block.

[0036] Combination Figures 4-6 As shown, the shearing drive unit includes a threaded rotating shaft 34 and a threaded groove 22 formed on the side wall of the extruder 21. The threaded groove 22 matches the thread of the threaded rotating shaft 34, so that the rotation of the threaded rotating shaft 34 drives the vertical movement of the extruder 21. The threaded rotating shaft 34 is laterally slidably connected to the bracket. Specifically, the threaded rotating shaft 34 is driven by a rotary motor 341. A drive slide groove 331 is formed on the upper horizontal plate 33. An upper push cylinder 333 is fixedly installed in the drive slide groove 331. The output shaft of the upper push cylinder 333 is connected to the rotary motor 341. A sliding frame 35 is laterally slidably connected to the lower end of the first vertical plate 32. The lower end of the threaded rotating shaft 34 is rotatably connected to the sliding frame 35 through a bearing. A lower push cylinder 351 is also fixedly connected to the first vertical plate 32. The output end of the lower push cylinder 351 is connected to the end of the sliding frame 35 near the threaded rotating shaft 34. Thus, under the synchronous drive of the upper and lower propulsion cylinders 351, the threaded rotating shaft 34 is driven to move horizontally and reciprocally along the direction of the threaded groove 22, thereby realizing the threaded engagement and disengagement of the threaded rotating shaft 34 and the threaded groove 22.

[0037] Furthermore, after the threaded rotating shaft 34 is reset to the direction of the first vertical plate, the distance between the threaded rotating shafts 34 on the left and right sides is greater than the height of the extrusion block, so that the extrusion block will not interfere with the threaded rotating shaft 34 during the horizontal rotation process when it is in the extrusion test (i.e., the extrusion block is in a parallel state with the substrate to be tested).

[0038] like Figure 7 As shown, the pressure drive unit includes a push rod assembly located directly above the arched frame 31, used to push the extrusion block via the rotating handle 24. Specifically, the push rod assembly includes a pressure cylinder 36, with both sides of the pressure cylinder 36 connected to the bracket via support frames 362. A thrust claw 361 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the pressure cylinder 36, and the thrust claw 361 is positioned on the rotation path relative to the axis of the rotating handle 24. In this embodiment, the thrust claw 361 is square box-shaped, and its lateral width is less than the distance between the two arched frames, ensuring that the thrust claw 361 will not interfere with the arched frame 31 during its up-and-down movement. The side of the thrust claw 361 facing the rotating handle 24 is open, and a slot 363 is provided on the bottom plate of the thrust claw 361. The width of the slot 363 is less than the diameter of the rotating handle 24; for example... Figure 2 As shown, the rotating handle 24 has an annular groove 241 along its circumference. The diameter of the annular groove 241 is smaller than the width of the slot 363, and the width of the annular groove is greater than the thickness of the base plate of the thrust claw 361. This ensures that the annular groove 241 of the rotating handle 24 can be smoothly inserted into the slot on the base plate of the thrust claw. When the annular groove and the slot cooperate with each other, the thrust claw 361 provides support for the entire extrusion mechanism.

[0039] like Figure 8 As shown, the detection mechanism 4 includes slide rods 42 fixed on both sides of the substrate 1, and two pressing mechanisms 2 are located between the two slide rods 42. A laser detection component 43 is slidably connected on the slide rods 42, and the laser detection components 43 on the two slide rods 42 correspond to each other. The laser detection component 43 is composed of multiple laser emitting tubes 433.

[0040] Specifically: The two ends of the slide rod 42 are fixed to the base plate 1 by fixing blocks 41. Laser detection components 43 are respectively installed on the two slide rods 42. Each laser detection component 43 includes two support plates 432, with two laser emitting units hinged between them. Each laser emitting unit includes a connecting frame 431 and multiple laser emitting tubes 433 mounted on the connecting frame 431. The connecting frame 431 is hinged to the support plates 432 by pins. The friction between the connecting frame 431 and the pins is greater than the weight of the laser emitting unit, preventing the laser emitting unit from rotating under non-external force, thus facilitating stable detection. The beams emitted by each laser emitting tube 433 of the two laser emitting units point to the same straight line.

[0041] The actual testing process is as follows: When performing a shearing and crushing test: Adjust the laser emitting tube 433 on the connecting frame 431 to shine directly onto the edge of the extrusion block; drive the threaded rotating shafts 34 on both sides to move into the threaded grooves 22 of the extrusion piece 21; the rotating motor 341 drives the threaded rotating shafts 34 to rotate, causing the extrusion block to move upward until it stops at the specified height; place the substrate 11 to be tested flat on the substrate below the extrusion block; at this time, start the rotating motor 341 to drive the threaded rotating shafts 34 to reverse, causing the extrusion piece 21 to move downward closer to the substrate 11 to be tested until it makes contact; continue to rotate the threaded rotating shafts 34 until the lower end face of the extrusion piece 21 crushes the substrate 11 to be tested; when the high-speed camera detects that the direct points of the laser emitting tubes 433 on both sides have separated, the rotation of the threaded rotating shafts 34 can be paused; record the amount of descent of the extrusion piece 21 caused by the rotation of the threaded rotating shafts 34; this will determine how much deformation is needed to achieve shearing and crushing of the substrate 11 to be tested; this can be controlled later when the substrate 11 to be tested is used.

[0042] When performing a pressure crushing test: to detect the crushing performance of the substrate 11 under pressure, after the operator performs the above-mentioned steps, the threaded rotating shaft 34 disengages from the extruder 21 and returns to its original position towards the first vertical plate 32. The rotating handle 24 is pushed upwards, causing the sliding hole 231 of the handle 24 to rotate upwards by 90° around the guide shaft 334. At this time, the annular groove 241 of the handle 24 enters the slot 363 of the thrust claw 361, which supports the extrusion block through the fit between the annular groove and the slot. The pressure cylinder 36 pushes the handle 24 downwards. When the handle 24 moves along the guide shaft 334 from the horizontal slide groove 242 to the vertical slide groove 243, the guide shaft 334 receives guidance from the turning slide groove 242, causing the extrusion block to rotate horizontally by 90°. That is, the extrusion block is aligned with the axis of the substrate 11 under test, ensuring that the end face of the subsequent extrusion block is in complete contact with the substrate 11 under test. Then continue to press down the handle 24 until the laser emitting tubes 433 at the same position on each connecting frame 431 are separated, indicating that the substrate 11 to be tested is broken. Then the pressure cylinder 36 can be stopped and the pressure value applied by the pressure cylinder 36 at this time can be recorded. When using the substrate 11 to be tested later, the pressure should be lower than this extrusion pressure.

[0043] During testing, a high-speed camera and related products can be used to observe the changes in the beam intersection of the laser emitting tube 433, which facilitates the recording of the pressure deformation generation process. This is existing technology and will not be elaborated further.

[0044] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention, and common knowledge such as specific technical solutions and / or characteristics are not described in detail here. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the technical solutions of the present invention, and these should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. These modifications and improvements will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of the present invention or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. An apparatus for testing the properties of materials, characterized in that: The device includes a testing platform, which is equipped with a detection mechanism, a support mechanism, and an extrusion mechanism and a power mechanism mounted on the support mechanism. The extrusion mechanism includes an extrusion block and a reversing unit for adjusting the orientation of the extrusion block. At least one end of the extrusion block is open for shearing and breaking the substrate under test. The extrusion block is equipped with a rotating handle. The power mechanism includes a shearing drive unit and a pressure drive unit for driving the extrusion block to move.

2. The device for testing material properties according to claim 1, characterized in that: The extrusion block includes an extrusion member, and a counterweight is fixedly provided inside the extrusion member. There is a sliding gap between the two sides of the counterweight adjacent to the rotating handle and the extrusion member, and a sliding hole is provided on the counterweight along its axial direction.

3. The device for testing material properties according to claim 2, characterized in that: The reversing unit includes a steering groove disposed on the handle. The steering groove includes a horizontal groove and a vertical groove. The two ends of the horizontal groove are respectively connected to a sliding hole and a vertical groove.

4. The device for testing material properties according to claim 3, characterized in that: The support mechanism includes two arched frames fixed on the test platform. Each arched frame has a bracket along its axial direction. A test gap for placing the substrate is left between the bracket and the test platform. The sides of the two brackets that are close to each other are slidably connected in the two sliding gaps of the extrusion block. A guide shaft for sliding in the sliding hole and the turning groove is also provided between the two brackets.

5. The apparatus for testing material properties according to claim 4, characterized in that: The shearing drive unit includes a threaded rotating shaft vertically mounted on a support, and a threaded groove formed on the side wall of the extruder for engaging with the threaded rotating shaft. The threaded rotating shaft is laterally slidably connected to the support.

6. The apparatus for testing material properties according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pressure drive unit includes a push rod assembly located directly above the arch frame, with the push rod assembly positioned directly above the rotation path of the handle shaft.

7. An apparatus for testing material properties according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: The detection mechanism includes slide bars on both sides of the extrusion mechanism, with laser detection components slidably connected to the slide bars, and the laser detection components on the two slide bars correspond to each other. The laser detection components are composed of multiple laser emitting tubes.

8. The apparatus for testing material properties according to claim 7, characterized in that: The bracket is provided with an upper push cylinder and a lower push cylinder on its upper and lower sides respectively, and a sliding frame is also slidably connected to the bracket. The output shaft of the lower push cylinder is connected to the sliding frame. One end of the threaded rotating shaft is connected to the upper push cylinder, and the other end is rotatably connected to the sliding frame.

9. The apparatus for testing material properties according to claim 8, characterized in that: The push rod assembly includes a pressure cylinder, which is equipped with a thrust claw, and the rotating handle is equipped with an annular groove for engaging with the thrust claw.

Images