High-rotating-speed starter generator

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of motors, in particular to a high-rotation-speed starter generator which comprises a shell, a front cover, a rear cover, a stator winding and a rotor assembly. Specifically, a first heat exchange channel and a second heat exchange channel are formed in the peripheral wall of the shell. The first heat exchange channel extends from the first end of the shell to the middle of the shell in a spiral path around the central axis of the shell, and the second heat exchange channel extends from the second end of the shell to the middle of the shell in a spiral path around the central axis of the shell. The front cover is connected to the first end of the shell, the rear cover is connected to the second end of the shell, and the stator winding is connected with the shell and located in an inner cavity of the shell. And the rotor assembly is coaxially and rotationally arranged relative to the stator winding through rotational connection with the front cover and the rear cover. The method can reduce the overall temperature gradient change difference of the motor, reduces the fault probability of the motor, improves the heat dissipation efficiency of the motor, and prolongs the service life of the motor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of electric motor technology, and in particular to a high-speed starter generator. Background Technology

[0002] Starter generators are widely used in the field of aero engines. An aero engine starter generator is a highly integrated special motor that perfectly combines the functions of an electric motor and a generator. It is one of the core systems of modern advanced aero engines (especially military fighter jets and large passenger aircraft).

[0003] Because aero-engine starters operate at high speeds, ranging from tens of thousands to hundreds of thousands of revolutions per minute, a significant amount of heat is generated between the rotor and stator, as well as at the bearings at both ends of the rotor. If this heat is not cooled in time, its accumulation can lead to performance degradation or demagnetization of the permanent magnets on the rotor. The conventional approach in existing technology is to create heat exchange channels in the motor housing, with a cooling medium inlet at one end and a cooling medium outlet at the other. The heat exchange medium is introduced into the heat exchange channel through the inlet and then discharged through the outlet, allowing the heat exchange medium to exchange heat with the motor housing, thereby cooling the entire motor.

[0004] However, the heat generated in different parts of an electric motor varies, with the bearings at both ends of the rotor typically experiencing higher temperatures than other areas. This results in a temperature gradient along the length of the rotor's axis. This temperature gradient causes differences in the physical characteristics of different parts of the motor's internal components—the stator windings, the core, and the rotor's permanent magnets—increasing the probability of motor failure and shortening its lifespan. The existing technologies mentioned above cannot effectively address the specific temperature gradients in different parts of the motor, thus failing to reduce the impact of these temperature gradients on the probability of motor failure and its lifespan. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to reduce the difference in the overall temperature gradient of the motor, thereby reducing the probability of motor failure and improving the motor's heat dissipation efficiency and service life, this application provides a high-speed starter generator.

[0006] The high-speed starter generator provided in this application adopts the following technical solution: A high-speed starter generator, comprising: The housing has a first heat exchange channel and a second heat exchange channel formed on its peripheral wall. The first heat exchange channel extends from the first end of the housing in a spiral path around the central axis of the housing towards the middle of the housing, and the second heat exchange channel extends from the second end of the housing in a spiral path around the central axis of the housing towards the middle of the housing. The ends of the first heat exchange channel near the first end of the housing and the ends of the second heat exchange channel near the second end of the housing are both used to connect to an external cooling medium inlet pipe, and the ends of the first heat exchange channel near the middle of the housing and the ends of the second heat exchange channel near the middle of the housing are both used to connect to an external cooling medium outlet pipe. Front cover, connected to the first end of the housing; The rear cover is connected to the second end of the housing; Stator windings are connected to the housing and located within the inner cavity of the housing; The rotor assembly is rotatably mounted coaxially with respect to the stator winding via a rotatable connection with the front cover and the rear cover.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the overall temperature gradient difference of the motor is reduced, thereby lowering the probability of motor failure and improving the motor's heat dissipation efficiency and service life. Specifically, because the rotor assembly is rotatably connected to the front and rear covers, the temperature at both ends of the housing is higher than the temperature in the middle of the housing during motor operation. When cooling medium is introduced into the first and second heat exchange channels through the external cooling medium inlet pipe, the low-temperature cooling medium first passes through the higher-temperature ends of the housing, absorbing a large amount of heat from these areas and rising in temperature. It then flows to the relatively lower-temperature middle part of the housing to continue absorbing heat, and finally flows out through the external cooling medium outlet pipe. This allows the cooling medium to target the temperature differences in different parts of the motor, effectively reducing the overall temperature gradient difference along the rotor assembly's rotation axis and ensuring a relatively uniform temperature across the housing. This, in turn, reduces the probability of motor failure due to temperature gradients and improves the motor's heat dissipation efficiency and service life.

[0008] Optionally, the rotor assembly includes a first bearing, a second bearing, a rotor shaft, and a permanent magnet; the first bearing is connected to the front cover, and the second bearing is connected to the rear cover; the rotor shaft coaxially passes through the inner cavity of the stator winding, and one end of the rotor shaft is rotatably connected to the front cover through the first bearing, and the other end of the rotor shaft is rotatably connected to the rear cover through the second bearing; the permanent magnet is connected to the rotor shaft and is located inside the inner cavity of the stator winding.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the rotor shaft is rotatably connected to the front cover and rear cover via the first and second bearings respectively, ensuring that the rotor shaft rotates stably coaxially with the stator windings and guaranteeing the normal operation of the motor. The permanent magnets generate a rotating magnetic field when the rotor shaft rotates, and through interaction with the stator windings, convert mechanical energy into electrical energy, thereby achieving power generation or driving functions. This structural design enables the motor's rotor assembly to operate efficiently and stably, improving the overall performance and reliability of the motor.

[0010] Optionally, a first mounting hole is provided through the front cover, and one end of the rotor shaft extends through the first mounting hole to the side of the front cover opposite to the housing; the outer ring of the first bearing is interference-fitted with the first mounting hole, and the inner ring of the first bearing is interference-fitted with the rotor shaft; a second mounting hole is provided on the rear cover, and the outer ring of the second bearing is interference-fitted with the second mounting hole, and the inner ring of the second bearing is interference-fitted with the rotor shaft.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the rotor shaft can be connected to external transmission components to realize the motor's power generation or driving function. The interference fit characteristic achieves a stable connection between the first bearing and the front cover and the rotor shaft, as well as a stable connection between the second bearing and the rear cover and the rotor shaft. This ensures that the rotor shaft can rotate smoothly coaxially with respect to the stator windings, making the overall motor operation more stable and reliable, reducing vibration and noise caused by unstable connections, lowering the probability of failure, and increasing the motor's service life.

[0012] Optionally, a third heat exchange channel is provided on the housing, a first connecting channel is provided on the front cover, and a second connecting channel is provided on the rear cover; the input end of the third heat exchange channel is connected to an external cooling medium input pipe, and the output end of the third heat exchange channel is connected to the first connecting channel and the second connecting channel; the end of the first connecting channel opposite to the end connected to the third heat exchange channel is connected to the first mounting hole, and the end of the second connecting channel opposite to the end connected to the third heat exchange channel is connected to the second mounting hole.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the cooling medium can enter the third heat exchange channel from the external cooling medium inlet pipe, then flow into the first mounting hole through the first connecting channel, and then into the second mounting hole through the second connecting channel. This cools and lubricates the first and second bearings. This targeted cooling and lubrication method effectively reduces the temperature at the first and second bearings, reduces the frictional heat generated during the rotation of the first and second bearings, thereby further reducing the overall temperature gradient difference of the motor, lowering the probability of motor failure, and improving the motor's heat dissipation efficiency and service life.

[0014] Optionally, a first cooling cavity is formed between the stator winding and the front cover and the inner wall of the housing, and a second cooling cavity is formed between the stator winding and the rear cover and the inner wall of the housing; the first cooling cavity is connected to the first mounting hole, the second cooling cavity is connected to the second mounting hole, and both the first cooling cavity and the second cooling cavity are connected to an external cooling medium discharge pipe.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the cooling medium entering the first mounting hole will continue to flow through the first cooling chamber and then be discharged from the external cooling medium discharge pipe. The cooling medium entering the second mounting hole will continue to flow through the second cooling chamber and then be discharged from the external cooling medium discharge pipe. This improves the utilization rate of the cooling medium, enabling it to better absorb the heat from the stator winding, front cover, rear cover, and inner wall of the housing. This further facilitates targeted heat dissipation from the high-temperature areas at both ends of the housing, reduces the overall temperature gradient difference of the motor, lowers the probability of motor failure, and improves the motor's heat dissipation efficiency and service life.

[0016] Optionally, a first sealing element is provided on the side of the inner cavity of the stator winding near the first mounting hole, the first sealing element being used to isolate the permanent magnet from the first mounting hole and the first cooling cavity; a second sealing element is provided on the side of the inner cavity of the stator winding near the second mounting hole, the second sealing element being used to isolate the permanent magnet from the second mounting hole and the second cooling cavity; a third sealing element is provided on the end of the first mounting hole opposite to the first sealing element, the third sealing element being used to seal the gap between the opening of the first mounting hole opposite to the first sealing element and the rotor shaft.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solutions, the first and second seals can prevent the cooling medium from intruding into the area where the permanent magnet is located, preventing the permanent magnet from experiencing performance degradation or damage due to the cooling medium, ensuring the stability and reliability of the permanent magnet, and improving the operational reliability of the motor. The third seal not only prevents the cooling medium from leaking outwards to ensure the normal operation of the cooling system, but also prevents external dust, impurities, etc., from entering the first mounting hole, avoiding any impact on the rotation of the first bearing, thereby ensuring smooth rotation of the rotor assembly and extending the service life of the motor.

[0018] Optionally, a converging box is connected to the housing. The first heat exchange channel near the middle of the housing, the second heat exchange channel near the middle of the housing, the first cooling cavity, and the second cooling cavity are all connected to the inner cavity of the converging box. The converging box is provided with a discharge hole for connecting to an external cooling medium discharge pipe.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, connecting a collecting box to the shell allows the cooling media from the first, second, and third heat exchange channels, the first cooling chamber, and the second cooling chamber to be collected and discharged uniformly, making the discharge of the cooling media more orderly and efficient. This avoids the chaos and obstruction that can occur when cooling media from different channels or chambers are discharged individually, helping to maintain the stable operation of the entire cooling system. Furthermore, this centralized discharge method facilitates the subsequent processing and recycling of the cooled media after heat exchange, thereby improving the overall performance and resource utilization efficiency of the cooling system.

[0020] Optionally, the rear cover has an inspection hole that connects the second mounting hole to the outside, and a protective cover for sealing the inspection hole is detachably connected to the rear cover.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, it is possible to conveniently inspect and maintain components such as the second bearing inside the second mounting hole. When maintenance is required, the protective cover can be opened to access the maintenance hole for operation. After maintenance is completed, the protective cover can be reinstalled, ensuring the overall sealing and normal operation of the motor. This avoids the accumulation of potential faults due to the inconvenience of maintenance, extends the service life of the motor, and improves the reliability and stability of the motor.

[0022] Optionally, both the first heat exchange channel and the second heat exchange channel are provided with multiple adjustment components. The multiple adjustment components are used to adjust the actual flow area of ​​the first heat exchange channel or the second heat exchange channel located on the cross-section according to the magnitude of the magnetic attraction force generated at different cross-sections of the stator winding along the axial direction.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the temperature at each cross-section along the stator winding shaft varies according to the housing temperature. The design of multiple adjustment components allows for the reduction of the actual flow area of ​​the first or second heat exchange channel at a relatively high-temperature cross-section of the stator winding, thereby increasing the flow velocity of the cooling medium at that location while maintaining a constant flow rate. This improves the heat exchange efficiency between the cooling medium and the housing at that location. Consequently, the cooling medium can further target temperature differences in different parts of the motor for heat dissipation, effectively reducing the temperature gradient difference along the rotor assembly's rotation axis. This reduces the probability of motor failures due to temperature gradients and improves the motor's heat dissipation efficiency and service life.

[0024] Optionally, the adjustment assembly includes an adjustment plate and an elastic element. The housing has multiple grooves on the inner wall of the first heat exchange channel and the second heat exchange channel. The adjustment plate is slidably disposed in the groove, and one end of the adjustment plate extends into the first heat exchange channel or the second heat exchange channel. The elastic element is used to pop the adjustment plate out of the groove, so that the volume of the adjustment plate extending into the first heat exchange channel or the second heat exchange channel increases. The magnetic attraction force generated by the stator winding can magnetically attract the adjustment plate and make the adjustment plate slide into the groove, so that the volume of the adjustment plate extending into the first heat exchange channel or the second heat exchange channel decreases.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, when the volume of the adjusting plate extends into the first or second heat exchange channel and increases, the actual flow area of ​​the cooling medium at that location in the first or second heat exchange channel decreases, and the flow velocity increases. Conversely, when the volume of the adjusting plate extends into the first or second heat exchange channel and decreases, the actual flow area of ​​the cooling medium at that location in the first or second heat exchange channel increases, and the flow velocity decreases. This results in the volume of the adjusting plate extending into the first or second heat exchange channel near the position with higher stator winding magnetic attraction being smaller than the volume of the adjusting plate extending into the first or second heat exchange channel near the position with lower stator winding magnetic attraction. Consequently, the actual flow area of ​​the first or second heat exchange channel at the corresponding position on the cross-section of the stator winding with higher temperature is smaller than the actual flow area of ​​the first or second heat exchange channel at the corresponding position on the cross-section of the stator winding with lower temperature. This allows for targeted adjustment of heat dissipation efficiency based on the heat generation in different parts of the motor, thereby reducing the overall temperature gradient difference in the motor, lowering the probability of motor failure, and improving the motor's heat dissipation efficiency and service life.

[0026] In summary, this application includes the following beneficial technical effects: 1. It reduces the overall temperature gradient difference in the motor, lowering the probability of motor failure and improving the motor's heat dissipation efficiency and service life. Specifically, because the rotor assembly is rotatably connected to the front and rear covers, the temperature at both ends of the housing is higher than the temperature in the middle of the housing during motor operation. When cooling medium is introduced into the first and second heat exchange channels through the external cooling medium inlet pipe, the low-temperature cooling medium first passes through the higher-temperature ends of the housing, absorbing a large amount of heat from these areas and rising in temperature. It then flows to the relatively lower-temperature middle part of the housing to continue absorbing heat, and finally flows out through the external cooling medium outlet pipe. This allows the cooling medium to target the temperature differences in different parts of the motor, effectively reducing the overall temperature gradient difference along the rotor assembly's rotation axis and making the temperature of each part of the housing relatively uniform. This reduces the probability of motor failure due to temperature gradients and improves the motor's heat dissipation efficiency and service life. 2. The temperature at various cross-sections along the stator winding shaft varies with the housing temperature. The design of multiple adjustment components allows for adjustments based on the temperature at each cross-section along the stator winding's axis. Specifically, the actual flow area of ​​the first or second heat exchange channel at a cross-section with a relatively high stator winding temperature is reduced. This increases the flow velocity of the cooling medium at that location while maintaining a constant flow rate, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency between the cooling medium and the housing. This enables the cooling medium to target temperature differences across different parts of the motor, effectively reducing the overall temperature gradient along the rotor assembly's rotation axis. Consequently, the probability of motor failure due to temperature gradients is reduced, and the motor's heat dissipation efficiency and service life are improved. 3. When the volume of the regulating plate extends into the first or second heat exchange channel, the actual flow area of ​​the cooling medium at that location within the channel decreases, and the flow velocity increases. Conversely, when the volume of the regulating plate extends into the first or second heat exchange channel, the actual flow area of ​​the cooling medium at that location increases, and the flow velocity decreases. This results in the volume of the regulating plate extending into the first or second heat exchange channel near the position with higher stator winding magnetic attraction being smaller than the volume of the regulating plate extending into the first or second heat exchange channel near the position with lower stator winding magnetic attraction. Consequently, the actual flow area of ​​the first or second heat exchange channel at the corresponding position on the cross-section of the stator winding with higher temperature is smaller than the actual flow area of ​​the first or second heat exchange channel at the corresponding position on the cross-section of the stator winding with lower temperature. This allows for targeted adjustment of heat dissipation efficiency based on the heat generation in different parts of the motor, thereby reducing the overall temperature gradient difference in the motor, lowering the probability of motor failure, and improving the motor's heat dissipation efficiency and service life. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Embodiment 1 of this application.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a front sectional view of Embodiment 1 of this application.

[0029] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A magnified view of part A in the middle.

[0030] Figure 4 This mainly showcases the third heat exchange channel in Embodiment 1.

[0031] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A magnified view of part B in the middle section.

[0032] Figure 6 This is a front sectional view of Embodiment 2 of this application.

[0033] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Shell; 11. First heat exchange channel; 12. Second heat exchange channel; 13. Third heat exchange channel; 14. First cooling chamber; 15. Second cooling chamber; 16. Slide groove; 17. First connecting hole; 18. Second connecting hole; 2. Front cover; 21. First mounting hole; 22. First connecting channel; 3. Rear cover; 31. Second mounting hole; 32. Second connecting channel; 33. Inspection hole; 4. Stator winding; 5. Rotor assembly; 51. First bearing; 52. Second bearing; 53. Rotor shaft; 54. Permanent magnet; 61. First seal; 62. Second seal; 63. Third seal; 7. Collection box; 71. Discharge hole; 8. Protective cover; 9. Adjustment assembly; 91. Adjustment plate; 92. Elastic element. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The following combination Figures 1-6 This application will be described in further detail.

[0035] This application discloses a high-speed starter generator.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 In this embodiment, the high-speed generator includes a housing 1, a front cover 2, a rear cover 3, a stator winding 4, and a rotor assembly 5.

[0038] A first heat exchange channel 11 and a second heat exchange channel 12 are formed on the peripheral wall of the shell 1. The first heat exchange channel 11 extends from the first end of the shell 1 in a spiral path around the central axis of the shell 1 towards the middle of the shell 1, and the second heat exchange channel 12 extends from the second end of the shell 1 in a spiral path around the central axis of the shell 1 towards the middle of the shell 1. The end of the first heat exchange channel 11 near the first end of the shell 1 and the end of the second heat exchange channel 12 near the second end of the shell 1 are both used to connect to an external cooling medium inlet pipe, and the end of the first heat exchange channel 11 near the middle of the shell 1 and the end of the second heat exchange channel 12 near the middle of the shell 1 are both used to connect to an external cooling medium outlet pipe.

[0039] It should be noted that, in order to improve the integration of the aircraft power system, the cooling medium mentioned in this embodiment is aircraft engine cooling oil. In other embodiments, other types of liquids or gases may be used as the cooling medium.

[0040] The front cover 2 is connected to the first end of the housing 1, and the rear cover 3 is connected to the second end of the housing 1; the stator winding 4 is fixedly connected to the housing 1 and located inside the housing 1; the rotor assembly 5 is rotatably arranged relative to the stator winding 4 through a rotatable connection with the front cover 2 and the rear cover 3.

[0041] Because the rotor assembly 5 is rotatably connected to the front cover 2 and the rear cover 3, the temperature at both ends of the housing 1 will be higher than the temperature in the middle of the housing 1 during motor operation. When cooling medium is introduced into the first heat exchange channel 11 and the second heat exchange channel 12 through the external cooling medium inlet pipe, the low-temperature cooling medium will first flow into the two ends of the housing 1 with higher temperatures, absorb a large amount of heat from these areas and rise in temperature, and then flow to the middle of the housing 1 with relatively lower temperatures to continue absorbing heat, and finally flow out through the external cooling medium outlet pipe. This allows the cooling medium to provide targeted heat dissipation for the temperature differences in different parts of the motor, effectively reducing the temperature gradient difference along the rotation axis of the rotor assembly 5, and making the temperature of each part of the housing 1 relatively uniform. This reduces the probability of motor failure caused by temperature gradients and improves the motor's heat dissipation efficiency and service life.

[0042] Specifically, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 In this embodiment, the housing 1 is a cylindrical tube open at both ends, with the first end and the second end located at opposite ends along the length of the central axis of the housing 1. The front cover 2 and the rear cover 3 are both disc-shaped. The front cover 2 is coaxial with the housing 1 and seals the opening at the first end of the housing 1, while the rear cover 3 is coaxial with the housing 1 and seals the opening at the second end of the housing 1. The housing 1, front cover 2, and rear cover 3 are all made of aerospace-grade aluminum alloy, possessing excellent mechanical and heat dissipation properties.

[0043] The cross-sectional shape and size of all parts of the first heat exchange channel 11 perpendicular to its extension direction are the same, and the cross-sectional shape and size of all parts of the second heat exchange channel 12 perpendicular to its extension direction are also the same. The pitch of the spiral paths extending from the first heat exchange channel 11 and the second heat exchange channel 12 can be reasonably selected according to the overall heat dissipation requirements of the motor. When the motor requires higher heat dissipation efficiency, a smaller pitch can be selected, increasing the number of turns of the first heat exchange channel 11 or the second heat exchange channel 12 around the housing 1, thereby increasing the heat exchange efficiency.

[0044] The rotor assembly 5 includes a first bearing 51, a second bearing 52, a rotor shaft 53, and a permanent magnet 54. Both the first bearing 51 and the second bearing 52 are angular contact bearings. The first bearing 51 is fixedly connected to the front cover 2, and the second bearing 52 is fixedly connected to the rear cover 3. The rotor shaft 53 coaxially passes through the inner cavity of the stator winding 4, with one end of the rotor shaft 53 rotatably connected to the front cover 2 via the first bearing 51, and the other end of the rotor shaft 53 rotatably connected to the rear cover 3 via the second bearing 52. The permanent magnet 54 is coaxially fixedly connected to the rotor shaft 53 and is located within the inner cavity of the stator winding 4. In other embodiments, the first bearing 51 and the second bearing 52 may also be tapered roller bearings, cylindrical roller bearings, or deep groove ball bearings.

[0045] In this way, the rotor shaft 53 is rotatably connected to the front cover 2 and the rear cover 3 via the first bearing 51 and the second bearing 52 respectively, which ensures that the rotor shaft 53 rotates stably relative to the stator winding 4 and ensures the normal operation of the motor. The permanent magnet 54 can generate a rotating magnetic field when the rotor shaft 53 rotates, and can convert mechanical energy into electrical energy through interaction with the stator winding 4, thereby realizing the functions of power generation or driving.

[0046] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 In this embodiment, the front cover 2 has a first mounting hole 21 that penetrates both ends of the front cover 2. The first mounting hole 21 is coaxial with the front cover 2. One end of the rotor shaft 53 extends through the first mounting hole 21 to the side of the front cover 2 opposite to the side connected to the housing 1. The rear cover 3 has a second mounting hole 31 on the end face near the housing 1. The second mounting hole 31 is a blind hole and is coaxial with the rear cover 3.

[0047] The first bearing 51 is installed in the first mounting hole 21 by an interference fit between its outer ring and the first mounting hole 21, and is installed on the rotor shaft 53 by an interference fit between its inner ring and the rotor shaft 53. The second bearing 52 is installed in the second mounting hole 31 by an interference fit between its outer ring and the second mounting hole 31, and is installed on the rotor shaft 53 by an interference fit between its inner ring and the rotor shaft 53.

[0048] In this way, the rotor shaft 53 can be connected to external transmission components to realize the motor's power generation or driving function. The interference fit characteristic achieves a stable connection between the first bearing 51 and the front cover 2 and the rotor shaft 53, as well as a stable connection between the second bearing 52 and the rear cover 3 and the rotor shaft 53. This ensures that the rotor shaft 53 can rotate smoothly coaxially with respect to the stator winding 4, making the overall motor operation more stable and reliable.

[0049] Preferably, the rear cover 3 has an inspection hole 33 connecting the second mounting hole 31 to the outside. A protective cover 8 for sealing the inspection hole 33 is detachably connected to the rear cover 3 by screws. Through the inspection hole 33, components such as the second bearing 52 inside the second mounting hole 31 can be easily inspected and maintained. When maintenance is required, the protective cover 8 can be opened to perform work through the inspection hole 33. After maintenance is completed, the protective cover 8 can be reinstalled, ensuring the overall sealing and normal operation of the motor.

[0050] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 In this embodiment, a third heat exchange channel 13 is also provided on the housing 1, a first connecting channel 22 is provided on the front cover 2, and a second connecting channel 32 is provided on the rear cover 3. The input end of the third heat exchange channel 13 is connected to an external cooling medium input pipe, and the output end of the third heat exchange channel 13 is connected to the first connecting channel 22 and the second connecting channel 32. The end of the first connecting channel 22 opposite to the end connected to the third heat exchange channel 13 is connected to the first mounting hole 21, and the end of the second connecting channel 32 opposite to the end connected to the third heat exchange channel 13 is connected to the second mounting hole 31.

[0051] A first cooling chamber 14 is formed between the stator winding 4 and the inner wall of the front cover 2 and the housing 1, and a second cooling chamber 15 is formed between the stator winding 4 and the rear cover 3 and the inner wall of the housing 1. The first cooling chamber 14 is connected to the first mounting hole 21, and the second cooling chamber 15 is connected to the second mounting hole 31. Both the first cooling chamber 14 and the second cooling chamber 15 are connected to the external cooling medium discharge pipe.

[0052] In this way, the cooling medium can enter the third heat exchange channel 13 from the external cooling medium inlet pipe, then flow into the first mounting hole 21 through the first connecting channel 22, and then into the second mounting hole 31 through the second connecting channel 32. This cools and lubricates the first bearing 51 and the second bearing 52. This targeted cooling and lubrication method effectively reduces the temperature at the first bearing 51 and the second bearing 52, reduces the frictional heat generated during the rotation of the first bearing 51 and the second bearing 52, thereby further reducing the overall temperature gradient difference of the motor, reducing the probability of motor failure, and improving the motor's heat dissipation efficiency and service life.

[0053] Furthermore, the cooling medium entering the first mounting hole 21 continues to flow through the first cooling chamber 14 and is then discharged from the external cooling medium discharge pipe, while the cooling medium entering the second mounting hole 31 continues to flow through the second cooling chamber 15 and is then discharged from the external cooling medium discharge pipe. This improves the utilization rate of the cooling medium, enabling it to better absorb heat from the stator winding 4, front cover 2, rear cover 3, and the inner wall of the housing 1. This further facilitates targeted heat dissipation from the high-temperature areas at both ends of the housing 1, reduces the overall temperature gradient difference of the motor, lowers the probability of motor failure, and improves the motor's heat dissipation efficiency and service life.

[0054] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 In this embodiment, a first sealing element 61 is provided on the side of the inner cavity of the stator winding 4 near the first mounting hole 21. The first sealing element 61 is used to isolate the permanent magnet 54 from the first mounting hole 21 and the first cooling cavity 14. A second sealing element 62 is provided on the side of the inner cavity of the stator winding 4 near the second mounting hole 31. The second sealing element 62 is used to isolate the permanent magnet 54 from the second mounting hole 31 and the second cooling cavity 15. A third sealing element 63 is provided at the end of the first mounting hole 21 opposite to the first sealing element 61. The third sealing element 63 is used to seal the gap between the opening of the first mounting hole 21 opposite to the first sealing element 61 and the rotor shaft 53. The first sealing element 61, the second sealing element 62, and the third sealing element 63 are all labyrinth oil seals.

[0055] In this way, the first seal 61 and the second seal 62 can prevent the cooling medium from entering the area where the permanent magnet 54 is located, preventing the permanent magnet 54 from experiencing performance degradation or damage due to the cooling medium, and ensuring the stability and reliability of the permanent magnet 54. The third seal 63 not only prevents the cooling medium from leaking outwards, but also prevents external dust, impurities, etc. from entering the first mounting hole 21, avoiding affecting the rotation of the first bearing 51, thereby ensuring smooth rotation of the rotor assembly 5 and extending the service life of the motor. Furthermore, the labyrinth seal is a non-contact seal, which is particularly suitable for sealing high-speed motors. Setting the first seal 61, the second seal 62, and the third seal 63 as labyrinth seals can meet the sealing requirements between the rotor shaft 53 and different components at high speeds. At the same time, due to its non-contact characteristics, it can also avoid the generation of frictional heat, thereby helping to reduce the overall temperature of the motor and improve the operating stability and service life of the motor.

[0056] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3In this embodiment, a collecting box 7 is connected to the housing 1. The collecting box 7 is a long, narrow box with an internal closed chamber, which is fixedly connected to the housing 1 by welding. The first heat exchange channel 11 near the middle of the housing 1 and the second heat exchange channel 12 near the middle of the housing 1 both communicate with the inner cavity of the collecting box 7. The first cooling chamber 14 communicates with the inner cavity of the collecting box 7 through a first connecting hole 17 on the housing 1, and the second cooling chamber 15 communicates with the inner cavity of the collecting box 7 through a second connecting hole 18 on the housing 1. The collecting box 7 has a discharge hole 71 for connecting to an external cooling medium discharge pipe.

[0057] In this way, connecting the collecting box 7 to the housing 1 allows the cooling media that have undergone heat exchange in different channels or chambers to be collected and discharged uniformly, making the discharge of the cooling media more orderly and efficient. This avoids the chaos and obstruction that may occur when cooling media from different channels or chambers are discharged separately, and helps maintain the stable operation of the entire cooling system.

[0058] The implementation principle of Example 1 is as follows: When the cooling medium is introduced into the first heat exchange channel 11 and the second heat exchange channel 12 through the external cooling medium inlet pipe, the low-temperature cooling medium first passes through the two ends of the shell 1 with higher temperatures, absorbing a large amount of heat from these parts and rising in temperature. Then it flows to the middle part of the shell 1 with relatively lower temperatures to continue absorbing heat, and finally flows out through the external cooling medium outlet pipe. This allows the cooling medium to target the temperature differences in different parts of the motor for heat dissipation, effectively reducing the temperature gradient difference along the rotation axis of the rotor assembly 5, and making the temperature of each part of the shell 1 relatively uniform. This reduces the probability of motor failure due to temperature gradients and improves the motor's heat dissipation efficiency and service life.

[0059] Example 2

[0060] Reference Figure 6 The main difference between this embodiment 2 and embodiment 1 is that multiple adjustment components 9 are provided in both the first heat exchange channel 11 and the second heat exchange channel 12.

[0061] Specifically, a portion of the multiple adjustment components 9 are equally spaced within the first heat exchange channel 11 along its extension direction, and another portion of the multiple adjustment components 9 are equally spaced within the second heat exchange channel 12 along its extension direction. The multiple adjustment components 9 are used to adjust the actual flow area of ​​the first heat exchange channel 11 or the second heat exchange channel 12 located at different cross-sections along the axial direction of the stator winding 4.

[0062] In this way, since the temperature at each cross-section along the axis of the stator winding 4 varies according to the temperature change of the housing 1, the design of multiple adjustment components 9 can reduce the actual flow area of ​​the first heat exchange channel 11 or the second heat exchange channel 12 at the corresponding position of the cross-section with a relatively high temperature of the stator winding 4, thereby increasing the flow velocity of the cooling medium at that position while keeping the flow rate of the cooling medium constant, and improving the heat exchange efficiency between the cooling medium and the housing 1 at that position. This allows the cooling medium to further target the temperature differences in different parts of the motor for heat dissipation, effectively reducing the temperature gradient difference of the entire motor along the rotation axis of the rotor assembly 5. This, in turn, reduces the probability of motor failure due to temperature gradients and improves the motor's heat dissipation efficiency and service life.

[0063] For example, since the temperature at both ends of the housing 1 is higher than the temperature in the middle of the housing 1 during motor operation, the temperature at both ends of the stator winding 4 inside the housing 1 is also higher than the temperature in the middle. This temperature difference causes the magnetic force generated by the stator winding 4 along its own axis to gradually decrease from the middle of the stator winding 4 towards both ends. In this way, the multiple adjustment components 9 can adjust the actual flow area of ​​the first heat exchange channel 11 along its extension direction according to the change in the magnetic force generated by the stator winding 4 along its own axis, so that the actual flow area of ​​the second heat exchange channel 12 along its extension direction gradually increases from the first end to the second end, and the actual flow area of ​​the second heat exchange channel 12 along its extension direction gradually increases from the first end to the second end. This increases the flow rate of the cooling medium when it flows through the first heat exchange channel 11 or areas with smaller actual flow areas of the first heat exchange channel 11, thereby increasing the heat exchange efficiency with the housing 1.

[0064] Reference Figure 6 In this embodiment, the adjustment component 9 includes an adjustment plate 91 and an elastic element 92. The housing 1 is provided with a plurality of sliding grooves 16 on the inner wall of the first heat exchange channel 11 and the second heat exchange channel 12. The plurality of sliding grooves 16 correspond one-to-one with the plurality of adjustment components 9. The plurality of sliding grooves 16 are located on the side of the first heat exchange channel 11 near the center of the housing 1 or on the side of the second heat exchange channel 12 near the center of the housing 1.

[0065] The cross-section of the adjusting plate 91 matches the cross-section shape and size of the slide groove 16. The adjusting plate 91 is slidably disposed within the slide groove 16, and one end of the adjusting plate 91 extends into the first heat exchange channel 11 or the second heat exchange channel 12. The magnetic attraction force generated by the stator winding 4 can magnetically attract the adjusting plate 91 and cause it to slide into the slide groove 16, thereby reducing the volume of the adjusting plate 91 extending into the first heat exchange channel 11 or the second heat exchange channel 12.

[0066] The elastic element 92 is a spring, which is disposed between the bottom surface of the slide groove 16 and the adjusting plate 91. It is used to pop the adjusting plate 91 out of the slide groove 16 so that the adjusting plate 91 extends into the first heat exchange channel 11 or the second heat exchange channel 12, increasing its volume. One end of the elastic element 92 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the slide groove 16, and the other end of the elastic element 92 is fixedly connected to the side of the adjusting plate 91 near the bottom surface of the slide groove 16.

[0067] When the regulating plate 91 extends into the first heat exchange channel 11 or the second heat exchange channel 12 and its volume increases, the actual flow area of ​​the cooling medium at that location in the first heat exchange channel 11 or the second heat exchange channel 12 will decrease, and the flow velocity will increase. Conversely, when the regulating plate 91 extends into the first heat exchange channel 11 or the second heat exchange channel 12 and its volume decreases, the actual flow area of ​​the cooling medium at that location in the first heat exchange channel 11 or the second heat exchange channel 12 will increase, and the flow velocity will decrease.

[0068] This design ensures that the volume of the adjusting plate 91 extending into the first heat exchange channel 11 or the second heat exchange channel 12 near the position with higher magnetic attraction of the stator winding 4 is smaller than the volume of the adjusting plate 91 extending into the first heat exchange channel 11 or the second heat exchange channel 12 near the position with lower magnetic attraction of the stator winding 4. Consequently, the actual flow area of ​​the first heat exchange channel 11 or the second heat exchange channel 12 at the corresponding position on the cross-section of the stator winding 4 with higher temperature is smaller than the actual flow area of ​​the first heat exchange channel 11 or the second heat exchange channel 12 at the corresponding position on the cross-section of the stator winding 4 with lower temperature. This allows for targeted adjustment of the heat dissipation efficiency based on the heat generation conditions of different parts of the motor, thereby reducing the overall temperature gradient difference of the motor, lowering the probability of motor failure, and improving the motor's heat dissipation efficiency and service life.

[0069] The implementation principle of Example 2 is as follows: The design of multiple adjustment components 9 can reduce the actual flow area of ​​the first heat exchange channel 11 or the second heat exchange channel 12 at the corresponding position of the cross-section with a relatively high temperature on the stator winding 4, based on the temperature at each cross-section along its own axis. This increases the flow velocity of the cooling medium at that position while keeping the flow rate of the cooling medium constant, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency between the cooling medium and the housing 1 at that position. This allows the cooling medium to further target the temperature differences in different parts of the motor for heat dissipation, effectively reducing the temperature gradient difference along the rotation axis of the rotor assembly 5. This, in turn, reduces the probability of motor failure due to temperature gradients and improves the motor's heat dissipation efficiency and service life.

[0070] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A high-speed starter-generator, characterized in that, include: A shell (1) has a first heat exchange channel (11) and a second heat exchange channel (12) formed on its peripheral wall. The first heat exchange channel (11) extends from the first end of the shell (1) in a spiral path around the central axis of the shell (1) toward the middle of the shell (1). The second heat exchange channel (12) extends from the second end of the shell (1) in a spiral path around the central axis of the shell (1) toward the middle of the shell (1). The end of the first heat exchange channel (11) near the first end of the shell (1) and the end of the second heat exchange channel (12) near the second end of the shell (1) are both used to connect to an external cooling medium inlet pipe. The end of the first heat exchange channel (11) near the middle of the shell (1) and the end of the second heat exchange channel (12) near the middle of the shell (1) are both used to connect to an external cooling medium outlet pipe. The front cover (2) is connected to the first end of the housing (1); The rear cover (3) is connected to the second end of the housing (1); Stator winding (4) is connected to the housing (1) and located inside the cavity of the housing (1); The rotor assembly (5) is rotatably mounted relative to the stator winding (4) via a rotatable connection with the front cover (2) and the rear cover (3).

2. A high-speed starter generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotor assembly (5) includes a first bearing (51), a second bearing (52), a rotor shaft (53), and a permanent magnet (54); the first bearing (51) is connected to the front cover (2), and the second bearing (52) is connected to the rear cover (3); the rotor shaft (53) coaxially passes through the inner cavity of the stator winding (4), and one end of the rotor shaft (53) is rotatably connected to the front cover (2) through the first bearing (51), and the other end of the rotor shaft (53) is rotatably connected to the rear cover (3) through the second bearing (52); the permanent magnet (54) is connected to the rotor shaft (53) and is located inside the inner cavity of the stator winding (4).

3. A high-speed starter generator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The front cover (2) has a first mounting hole (21) through it. One end of the rotor shaft (53) extends through the first mounting hole (21) to the side of the front cover (2) opposite to the housing (1). The outer ring of the first bearing (51) is press-fitted with the first mounting hole (21), and the inner ring of the first bearing (51) is press-fitted with the rotor shaft (53). The rear cover (3) has a second mounting hole (31). The outer ring of the second bearing (52) is press-fitted with the second mounting hole (31), and the inner ring of the second bearing (52) is press-fitted with the rotor shaft (53).

4. A high-speed starter generator according to claim 3, characterized in that: The housing (1) has a third heat exchange channel (13), the front cover (2) has a first connecting channel (22), and the rear cover (3) has a second connecting channel (32). The input end of the third heat exchange channel (13) is connected to an external cooling medium input pipe, and the output end of the third heat exchange channel (13) is connected to the first connecting channel (22) and the second connecting channel (32). The end of the first connecting channel (22) that is away from the third heat exchange channel (13) is connected to the first mounting hole (21), and the end of the second connecting channel (32) that is away from the third heat exchange channel (13) is connected to the second mounting hole (31).

5. A high-speed starter generator according to claim 4, characterized in that: A first cooling cavity (14) is formed between the stator winding (4) and the inner wall of the front cover (2) and the housing (1), and a second cooling cavity (15) is formed between the stator winding (4) and the inner wall of the rear cover (3) and the housing (1); the first cooling cavity (14) is connected to the first mounting hole (21), the second cooling cavity (15) is connected to the second mounting hole (31), and both the first cooling cavity (14) and the second cooling cavity (15) are connected to the external cooling medium discharge pipe.

6. A high-speed starter generator according to claim 5, characterized in that: A first seal (61) is provided on the side of the inner cavity of the stator winding (4) near the first mounting hole (21). The first seal (61) is used to isolate the permanent magnet (54) from the first mounting hole (21) and the first cooling cavity (14). A second seal (62) is provided on the side of the inner cavity of the stator winding (4) near the second mounting hole (31). The second seal (62) is used to isolate the permanent magnet (54) from the second mounting hole (31) and the second cooling cavity (15). A third seal (63) is provided at the end of the first mounting hole (21) away from the first seal (61). The third seal (63) is used to seal the gap between the opening of the first mounting hole (21) away from the first seal (61) and the rotor shaft (53).

7. A high-speed starter generator according to claim 5, characterized in that: A collection box (7) is connected to the housing (1). The first heat exchange channel (11) is located near the middle of the housing (1), the second heat exchange channel (12) is located near the middle of the housing (1), the first cooling chamber (14) and the second cooling chamber (15) are all connected to the inner cavity of the collection box (7). The collection box (7) is provided with a discharge hole (71) for connecting to the external cooling medium discharge pipe.

8. A high-speed starter generator according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rear cover (3) is provided with an inspection hole (33) that connects the second mounting hole (31) and the outside. A protective cover (8) for sealing the inspection hole (33) is detachably connected to the rear cover (3).

9. A high-speed starter generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the first heat exchange channel (11) and the second heat exchange channel (12) are provided with multiple adjustment components (9). The multiple adjustment components (9) are used to adjust the actual flow area of ​​the first heat exchange channel (11) or the second heat exchange channel (12) located on the cross section according to the magnitude of the magnetic attraction force generated at different cross sections along the axial direction of the stator winding (4).

10. A high-speed starter generator according to claim 9, characterized in that: The adjustment assembly (9) includes an adjustment plate (91) and an elastic element (92). The housing (1) is provided with a plurality of sliding grooves (16) on the inner wall of the first heat exchange channel (11) and the second heat exchange channel (12). The adjustment plate (91) is slidably disposed in the sliding groove (16), and one end of the adjustment plate (91) extends into the first heat exchange channel (11) or the second heat exchange channel (12). The elastic element (92) is used to pop the adjustment plate (91) out of the sliding groove (16) so that the volume of the adjustment plate (91) extending into the first heat exchange channel (11) or the second heat exchange channel (12) increases. The magnetic attraction force generated by the stator winding (4) can magnetically attract the adjustment plate (91) and make the adjustment plate (91) slide into the sliding groove (16) so that the volume of the adjustment plate (91) extending into the first heat exchange channel (11) or the second heat exchange channel (12) decreases.

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