Preparation method of full-biomass-based friction nano-generator

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a full-biomass-based friction nano generator, which comprises the following steps: (1) preparing a negative friction layer material: adding dry coffee grounds and polycaprolactone into a double-screw extruder, and carrying out melt extrusion to obtain a coffee grounds / polycaprolactone compound; then the coffee residue / polycaprolactone compound is placed in a hot press to be subjected to hot pressing treatment, and coffee residue / polycaprolactone sheets are obtained and serve as negative friction layer materials; (2) selecting a biomass-based positive friction layer material; and (3) assembling the friction negative electrode and the friction positive electrode into the full-biomass-based friction nano generator. The raw materials adopted by the method are full biomass, the method is green and environmentally friendly, the preparation process is simple, the yield is easy to amplify, and the prepared friction nanometer generator can achieve biodegradation of all friction layer materials and has wide application prospects in the field of wearable equipment.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of friction nanogenerator, and specifically relates to a preparation method of a full-biomass-based friction nanogenerator. BACKGROUND

[0002] A friction nanogenerator (TENG) is an energy conversion device based on the coupling effect of triboelectricity and electrostatic induction. The device is formed by the periodic contact and separation of two materials with different friction electrode polarities, which induces surface charge transfer and forms a potential difference, thereby driving the flow of electrons in an external circuit to generate alternating current. The core advantage of this technology is its strong material universality, which can use a variety of low-cost and easy-to-process organic or inorganic materials. With the advantages of miniaturization, high environmental compatibility and multi-scene applicability, TENG is expected to become the core component of the next generation of distributed micro-energy systems, promoting breakthroughs in self-driven technologies in the fields of intelligent sensing, clean energy and biomedicine.

[0003] Most of the positive and negative friction layer materials of traditional friction nanogenerators are made of non-degradable polymers such as polydimethylsiloxane, polytetrafluoroethylene, nylon, etc. These materials are chemically stable and difficult to naturally degrade after being discarded, which has brought a great burden to the environment. In recent years, the use of degradable materials to prepare friction nanogenerators has attracted widespread attention, such as Chinese patent application publication numbers CN110311586B, CN115882746A, CN116865591A and CN119210202A. These technical solutions can improve the environmental friendliness of friction nanogenerators. However, there are still problems such as excessive dependence on petroleum-based polymers, incomplete biodegradation of friction layer materials, and relatively complicated preparation process. SUMMARY

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide a preparation method of a full-biomass-based friction nanogenerator. The raw materials used in the method are green and environmentally friendly, the preparation process is simple, and no volatile organic solvents are used during the preparation process. The friction nanogenerator prepared by the method can achieve complete biodegradation of the friction layer material.

[0005] The technical problem is solved by the following technical solutions:

[0006] The preparation method of the full-biomass-based friction nanogenerator comprises the following steps:

[0007] (1) Preparation of negative friction layer material: dry coffee grounds and polycaprolactone are added in a twin-screw extruder, and a coffee grounds / polycaprolactone composite is obtained through melt extrusion; then the coffee grounds / polycaprolactone composite is placed in a hot press and treated at 60 DEG C and a pressure of 3 MPa for 10-30 min, to obtain a coffee grounds / polycaprolactone sheet as the negative friction layer material; wherein the dry coffee grounds and polycaprolactone are in a ratio of 10 parts: 5-10 parts by weight;

[0008] (2) Selection of positive friction layer material: any one of paper, nanocellulose film, chitosan film, silk fibroin film, polylactic acid carbon fiber film or zein film is selected as the positive friction layer material;

[0009] (3) Preparation of full-biomass-based friction nanogenerator: the coffee grounds / polycaprolactone sheet prepared in step (1) is adhered to one side of a double-sided conductive paper, and a polylactic acid substrate is adhered to the other side, which is used as the friction negative electrode of the friction nanogenerator; the positive friction layer material of step (2) is adhered to one side of another double-sided conductive paper, and a polylactic acid substrate is adhered to the other side, which is used as the friction positive electrode of the friction nanogenerator; the two polylactic acid substrates are connected by a spring to form a contactable and separable gap, and the two double-sided conductive papers are connected by a copper wire, to complete the preparation of the full-biomass-based friction nanogenerator.

[0010] In step (1) of the application, the particle size of the dry coffee grounds is in the range of 100-300 mu m.

[0011] In step (1) of the application, the melting conditions of the twin-screw extruder are mixing at 85 DEG C and a rotation speed of 60 r / min for 30 min.

[0012] In step (1) of the application, the thickness of the coffee grounds / polycaprolactone sheet is 100-300 mu m, and the length and width are both 3 cm.

[0013] In step (2) of the application, the thickness of the positive friction layer material is 100-300 mu m, and the length and width are both 3 cm.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the application has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] 1. The positive and negative friction layer materials used in the application are all biomass-based degradable materials, which are green and environmentally friendly, have a wide source, can avoid the generation of non-degradable waste, and achieve the purpose of complete biodegradation.

[0016] 2. The preparation method has significant advantages, and the preparation process of the friction nanogenerator does not require the use of organic solvents, avoiding the introduction of harmful substances and environmental pollution, and the method can reduce the ecological impact and meet the requirements of sustainable development.

[0017] 3. The preparation method of the present invention is simple, environmentally friendly and efficient. The friction layer material can be prepared by simple physical processing such as melt extrusion and hot pressing, which reduces production costs and operational complexity. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the all-biomass-based triboelectric nanogenerator of the present invention. In the figure: 1. Polylactic acid substrate; 2. Double-sided conductive paper; 3. Coffee grounds / polycaprolactone sheet; 4. Positive friction layer material; 5. Copper wire; 6. Spring. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments. However, the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments. Any improvements and changes made on the basis of the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0020] Example 1

[0021] A method for preparing an all-biomass-based triboelectric nanogenerator includes the following steps:

[0022] (1) Preparation of negative friction layer material: In a twin-screw extruder, dry coffee grounds and polycaprolactone were added and mixed at 85°C and 60 r / min for 30 min, and then extruded to obtain coffee grounds / polycaprolactone composite; then the coffee grounds / polycaprolactone composite was placed in a hot press and treated at 60°C and 3 MPa for 10 min to obtain coffee grounds / polycaprolactone sheets as negative friction layer material; wherein, the amount of dry coffee grounds and polycaprolactone was in a weight ratio of 10 parts: 10 parts, the particle size range of the dry coffee grounds was 100-300 μm, and the length and width of the coffee grounds / polycaprolactone sheets were cut to 3 cm and the thickness was 293 μm;

[0023] (2) The positive friction layer material is a chitosan film, wherein the thickness of the chitosan film is 294μm, and the length and width dimensions are both 3cm;

[0024] (3) Preparation of a fully biomass-based triboelectric nanogenerator, such as Figure 1 As shown: The coffee grounds / polycaprolactone sheet 3 obtained in step (1) is adhered to one side of the double-sided conductive paper 2, and the polylactic acid substrate 1 is adhered to the other side, which together serve as the negative electrode of the triboelectric nanogenerator; the positive triboelectric layer material 4 from step (2) is adhered to one side of another double-sided conductive paper 2, and the polylactic acid substrate 1 is adhered to the other side, which together serve as the positive electrode of the triboelectric nanogenerator; the two polylactic acid substrates 1 are connected by a spring 6 to form a contactable and separable gap, and the two double-sided conductive papers 2 are connected by a copper wire 5, thus completing the preparation of the all-biomass-based triboelectric nanogenerator.

[0025] The full biomass-based triboelectric nanogenerator prepared in the example is subjected to contact separation test, and the output voltage and output current are 1.8V and 20.4nA respectively, and the positive and negative friction layer materials of the triboelectric nanogenerator can be completely biodegraded in the soil environment.

[0026] Example 2

[0027] A preparation method of a full biomass-based triboelectric nanogenerator, comprising the following operation steps:

[0028] (1) Preparation of negative friction layer material: dry coffee grounds and polycaprolactone are added to a twin-screw extruder, mixed at 85℃ and 60r / min for 30min, and then extruded to obtain coffee grounds / polycaprolactone composite; then the coffee grounds / polycaprolactone composite is placed in a hot press and treated at 60℃ and 3MPa pressure for 30min to obtain coffee grounds / polycaprolactone sheet as the negative friction layer material; wherein the amount of dry coffee grounds and polycaprolactone is 10 parts:5 parts by weight, the particle size of dry coffee grounds is 100-300μm, and the length and width of the coffee grounds / polycaprolactone sheet are both cut to 3cm, and the thickness is 105μm;

[0029] (2) The positive friction layer material is a polylactic acid carbon fiber film, wherein the thickness of the polylactic acid carbon fiber film is 203μm, and the length and width are both 3cm;

[0030] (3) Preparation of full biomass-based triboelectric nanogenerator: the operation steps are the same as steps (3) of Example 1.

[0031] The full biomass-based triboelectric nanogenerator prepared in the example is subjected to contact separation test, and the output voltage and output current are 0.9V and 17.7nA respectively, and the positive and negative friction layer materials of the triboelectric nanogenerator can be completely biodegraded in the soil environment.

[0032] Example 3

[0033] A preparation method of a full biomass-based triboelectric nanogenerator, comprising the following operation steps:

[0034] (1) Preparation of negative friction layer material: dry coffee grounds and polycaprolactone were added into a twin-screw extruder, mixed at 85°C and 60 r / min for 30 min, and then extruded to obtain coffee grounds / polycaprolactone composite; then the coffee grounds / polycaprolactone composite was placed in a hot press and treated at 60°C and 3 MPa for 15 min to obtain coffee grounds / polycaprolactone sheet as the negative friction layer material; wherein the dry coffee grounds and polycaprolactone were mixed at a weight ratio of 10:8, the particle size of the dry coffee grounds was 100-300 μm, and the length and width of the coffee grounds / polycaprolactone sheet were both cut to 3 cm, and the thickness was 207 μm;

[0035] (2) The positive friction layer material was a nanocellulose film, wherein the thickness of the nanocellulose film was 100 μm, and the length and width were both 3 cm;

[0036] (3) Preparation of full-biomass-based friction nanogenerator: the operation steps were the same as those in step (3) of Example 1.

[0037] When the full-biomass-based friction nanogenerator prepared in this example was subjected to contact separation test, the output voltage and output current were 1.9 V and 25.1 nA, respectively, and the positive and negative friction layer materials of the friction nanogenerator could be completely biodegraded in the soil environment.

Claims

1. A method for preparing an all-biomass-based triboelectric nanogenerator, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Preparation of negative friction layer material: In a twin-screw extruder, dry coffee grounds and polycaprolactone are added and melt-extruded to obtain a coffee grounds / polycaprolactone composite; then the coffee grounds / polycaprolactone composite is placed in a hot press and treated at 60°C and 3MPa pressure for 10-30 min to obtain coffee grounds / polycaprolactone sheets as negative friction layer material; wherein, the amount of dry coffee grounds and polycaprolactone is in a weight ratio of 10 parts: 5-10 parts; (2) Selection of positive friction layer material: Choose any one of the following materials as the positive friction layer material: paper, nanocellulose film, chitosan film, silk fibroin film, polylactic acid carbon fiber film or zein film; (3) Preparation of all-biomass-based triboelectric nanogenerator: The coffee grounds / polycaprolactone sheet obtained in step (1) is adhered to one side of double-sided conductive paper, and the polylactic acid substrate is adhered to the other side, which together serve as the negative electrode of the triboelectric nanogenerator; the positive triboelectric layer material in step (2) is adhered to one side of another double-sided conductive paper, and the polylactic acid substrate is adhered to the other side, which together serve as the positive electrode of the triboelectric nanogenerator; the two polylactic acid substrates are connected by a spring to form a contactable and separable gap, and the two double-sided conductive papers are connected by copper wires, thus completing the preparation of the all-biomass-based triboelectric nanogenerator.

2. The preparation method of the all-biomass-based nanogenerator according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (1), the particle size of the dried coffee grounds ranges from 100 to 300 μm.

3. The method for preparing the all-biomass-based nanogenerator according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step (1): The melting conditions of the twin-screw extruder are mixing for 30 minutes at 85°C and 60 r / min.

4. The method for preparing the all-biomass-based triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (1), the thickness of the coffee grounds / polycaprolactone sheet is 100-300 μm, and the length and width are both 3 cm.

5. The method for preparing the all-biomass-based triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (2), the thickness of the positive friction layer material is 100-300 μm, and the length and width are both 3 cm.

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