Gasification device and biomass conversion system and method

Abstract

The invention relates to a gasification device and a biomass conversion system and method, and is applied to the field of biomass gasification. The dry distillation device comprises at least two dry distillation pipes which are arranged in parallel, a fuel gas channel and a flue gas channel, and the dry distillation pipes are used for filling biomass raw materials for gasification operation; the fuel gas channels are connected between the adjacent dry distillation pipes in an abutting mode, the output ends of the dry distillation pipes are communicated with the combustion device and / or the collecting device through the fuel gas channels, and the fuel gas channels are used for allowing gas to flow through so as to heat the dry distillation pipes; the flue gas channel covers the peripheries of the dry distillation pipe and the fuel gas channel, and flue gas flows through the flue gas channel so as to heat the dry distillation pipe and the gasified gas. The biomass conversion system integrates the functions of drying, pyrolysis and gasification, and is high in heat efficiency and compact in structure. Moreover, the system also adopts a composite heat supply mode that external high-temperature flue gas heating and internal high-temperature gasified gas waste heat heating are simultaneously carried out to jointly provide heat required by gasification, so that the gasified gas waste heat is fully utilized, the heat loss is reduced, and the energy utilization efficiency is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of biomass gasification, and in particular to a gasification device, a biomass conversion system and a method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Biomass refers to various organic bodies formed by photosynthesis, including all plants and animals and microorganisms, is the form of energy in which solar energy is stored in the form of chemical energy in biomass, and has been one of the important energy sources for human survival. Biomass is the fourth largest energy source after coal, oil and natural gas, and plays an important role in the entire energy system.

[0003] In the related art, biomass gasification is a biomass gasification technology that uses oxygen in air or oxygen-containing substances as a gasification agent to convert combustible parts in biomass fuel into combustible gas under high temperature conditions. It plays a positive role in processing a large amount of crop waste, reducing environmental pollution, and improving people's living standards. However, in the biomass gasification process, the tail gas waste heat recovery effect of the gasification device is poor, which easily causes the entire system to be low in efficiency. SUMMARY

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a biomass conversion system and a method to solve the problem of low gasification efficiency in the biomass gasification technology.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a gasification device, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A gasification device includes at least two dry distillation pipes, a fuel gas passage and a flue gas passage. All of the dry distillation pipes are arranged in parallel with each other. The dry distillation pipes are used for filling biomass raw materials to perform gasification operation. The fuel gas passage abuts between adjacent dry distillation pipes. The fuel gas passage can connect the output end of the dry distillation pipe with a combustion device and / or a collection device. The fuel gas passage is used for passing gasification gas flow to heat the dry distillation pipe. The flue gas passage covers the periphery of the dry distillation pipe and the fuel gas passage. The flue gas passage is used for passing flue gas flow to heat the dry distillation pipe and the gasification gas.

[0007] In one embodiment, the gasification device further includes air supply walls and water vapor supply walls arranged at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the dry distillation pipe. The air supply walls and the water vapor supply walls are both connected to the dry distillation pipe. The air supply walls are used to supply air into the dry distillation pipe. The water vapor supply walls are used to supply water vapor into the dry distillation pipe.

[0008] In one embodiment, the flue gas passage is arranged in a spiral shape around a first reference axis, and the first reference axis is parallel to the central axis of the dry distillation pipe.

[0009] In a second aspect, the present application provides a biomass conversion system, which employs the following technical solution:

[0010] A biomass conversion system, comprising the gasification device, the combustion device and the collection device as described above, the gasification device is used for heating biomass raw material to produce gasification gas and solid residues, the gasification device is capable of reducing the temperature gradient between the biomass raw material; the output end of the combustion device is communicated with the first input end of the gasification device, which is used for heating the gasification device; the input end of the collection device is communicated with the first output end of the gasification device, the collection device comprises a gas collection end and a return end, the gas collection end is used for collecting the generated gasification gas, and the return end is communicated with the input end of the combustion device.

[0011] In one of the embodiments, the collection device comprises a separation mechanism and a gas collection mechanism, the separation mechanism is communicated with the first output end of the gasification device, and the gas collection mechanism is communicated with the output end of the separation mechanism, the separation mechanism is used for separating out the gasification gas, and the gas collection mechanism is used for collecting the separated gasification gas.

[0012] In one of the embodiments, the separation mechanism comprises a gas-carbon separation assembly and a gas-liquid separation assembly, the gas-carbon separation assembly is communicated with the first output end of the gasification device, and the gas-liquid separation assembly is communicated between the gas-carbon separation assembly and the gas collection mechanism; wherein the gas-carbon separation assembly is used for separating the generated gasification gas and solid residues; and the gas-liquid separation assembly is used for separating the liquid in the gasification gas.

[0013] In one of the embodiments, the separation mechanism further comprises a check assembly connected between the gas-carbon separation assembly and the gas-liquid separation assembly to prevent the gasification gas from returning from the gas-liquid separation assembly to the gas-carbon separation assembly.

[0014] In one of the embodiments, the conversion system further comprises a waste discharge device, the input end of the waste discharge device is communicated with the second output end of the gasification device, and the output end of the waste discharge device is used for being communicated with the outside to discharge the flue gas generated in the gasification process.

[0015] In one of the embodiments, the conversion system further comprises a monitoring device, the monitoring device is used for monitoring the temperature inside the gasification device; wherein, along the conveying direction of the biomass raw material, the gasification device comprises a drying section, a pyrolysis section and a gasification section arranged in sequence, and the monitoring device comprises a first monitor corresponding to the drying section, a second monitor corresponding to the pyrolysis section and a third monitor corresponding to the gasification section.

[0016] In one embodiment, the conversion system further comprises a feeding device, which is connected to the second input end of the gasification device, and is used to feed the biomass raw material into the pyrolysis tube.

[0017] In a third aspect, the application provides a conversion method, which comprises the following steps:

[0018] A conversion method applied to the biomass conversion system, which comprises the following steps:

[0019] Heating the gasification device;

[0020] When the temperature of the drying section of the gasification device reaches a preset value, feeding the biomass raw material into the gasification device;

[0021] The biomass raw material is heated to produce gasification gas, a part of which is fed into the combustion furnace, and the other part is fed into the collection device.

[0022] In one embodiment, before the step of heating the gasification device, the method further comprises the following steps: starting the exhaust device and adjusting the operation speed of the exhaust device, so as to exhaust the flue gas from the gasification device.

[0023] The gasification device adopts a composite heating mode of external high-temperature flue gas heating and internal high-temperature gasification gas waste heat heating, which provides the required heat for the gasification process together, fully utilizes the gasification gas waste heat, reduces heat loss, and thus improves the energy use efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the gasification device in one embodiment of the application.

[0025] Figure 2 FIG. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the biomass conversion system in one embodiment of the application.

[0026] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0027] 1, gasification device; 11, pyrolysis tube; 12, flue gas passage; 13, fuel gas passage; 14, air supply wall; 15, water vapor supply wall; 16, fuel gas pipe sealing plate; 2, combustion device; 3, collection device; 31, separation mechanism; 311, gas-carbon separation component; 312, gas-liquid separation component; 313, non-return component; 32, gas collection mechanism; 4, exhaust device; 6, feeding device; 7, gas collection end; 8, back feeding end; I1, first input end; I2, second input end; O1, first output end; O2, second output end. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0029] In the description of this application, it should be understood that if terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" appear, these terms indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0030] Furthermore, where the terms "first" and "second" appear, these terms are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, where the term "multiple" appears, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0031] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0032] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the use of descriptions such as "above" or "below" the second feature indicates that the first and second features are in direct contact or indirect contact via an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. Similarly, "below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0033] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. If so, the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0034] Biomass refers to all organic matter formed through photosynthesis, including all plants, animals, and microorganisms. It is a form of energy stored in biomass as chemical energy, representing solar energy, and has always been one of the most important energy sources for human survival. Biomass is the fourth largest energy source after coal, oil, and natural gas, and occupies an important position in the entire energy system.

[0035] In related technologies, biomass gasification gas refers to a mixture of gases, including lower molecular weight carbon monoxide, hydrogen, methane, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen, produced by heating biomass feedstock under anaerobic conditions. This process involves cracking biomass feedstock at high temperatures, causing the higher molecular weight organic hydrocarbons to react with a gasifying agent. The gas composition and properties of different biomass gasification gases, such as combustion rate, flame propagation speed, and reaction zone structure, vary significantly due to differences in biomass feedstock and gasification processes.

[0036] Biomass gasification plays a positive role in treating large amounts of agricultural waste, reducing environmental pollution, and improving people's living standards. However, the recovery of waste heat from the gasification process still has certain shortcomings, which can easily lead to a decrease in the overall gasification efficiency and energy utilization rate. To solve these problems, this application designs a new gasification device to improve biomass gasification efficiency. The following, in conjunction with the appendix... Figures 1-2 The embodiments of this application will be described in further detail.

[0037] See Figure 1 , Figure 1The diagram shows a structural schematic of a gasification device in one embodiment of this application. One embodiment of this application provides a gasification device 1, specifically a dual-distillation tube gasifier. The gasification device 1 includes at least two distillation tubes 11 spaced apart. The distillation tubes 11 are used to feed biomass raw materials for the gasification process, thereby converting the biomass raw materials into gasified gas and solid residues.

[0038] In this embodiment, the main component of the solid residue is carbon, which can be directly discharged and made into adsorbent, activated carbon or soil conditioner.

[0039] It is understood that in some other embodiments, the number of distillation tubes 11 can be increased to increase the total amount of biomass feedstock input into the gasification unit 1 at one time, thereby increasing the amount of biomass feedstock processed by the gasification unit 1 per unit time and thus improving the working efficiency of the gasification unit 1.

[0040] Specifically, the gasification device 1 also includes a gas passage 13 connected to the distillation tubes 11. The gas passage 13 is formed by the distillation tubes 11 surrounding each other. The gas passage 13 connects the distillation tubes 11 to the combustion device 2 and / or the collection device 3 for outputting the gasified gas generated in the distillation tubes 11. During the gasification gas transmission process, the high-temperature gas continuously heats the inside of the distillation tubes 11 to achieve effective utilization of the residual heat of the gasified gas.

[0041] In some embodiments, to improve the utilization rate of waste heat from the flue gas in the gasification device 1, the gasification device 1 further includes a flue gas channel 12 surrounding the pyrolysis tube 11, and the flue gas channel 12 is connected to the combustion device 2 described above. During the actual conversion process, the high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion of combustible gas in the combustion device 2 is transmitted to the flue gas channel 12. The high-temperature flue gas can further heat the pyrolysis tube 11 to provide the heat required for the gasification of biomass feedstock, thereby achieving secondary heating of the outside of the pyrolysis tube 11.

[0042] In this embodiment, the gasification device 1 improves the conversion efficiency of biomass feedstock by reducing the temperature gradient between biomass components. Furthermore, the gasification device 1 employs a combined heating method that simultaneously heats the biomass feedstock with external high-temperature flue gas and internal combustible gas combustion, thus fully utilizing the waste heat of the gasified gas, reducing heat loss during the gasification process, and improving energy efficiency.

[0043] In some embodiments, to further improve the utilization rate of gasification gas and flue gas waste heat, this application also features a specially designed shape for the flue gas channel 12. In this embodiment, the flue gas channel 12 is configured as a spiral arrangement along a first reference axis, allowing the high-temperature flue gas to flow along the spiral path of the outer wall of the distillation tube 11 after entering the flue gas channel 12. This prolongs the contact time between the high-temperature flue gas and the outer wall of the distillation tube 11, thereby further improving the utilization rate of gasification gas and flue gas waste heat.

[0044] Continue reading Figure 1 In some embodiments, from the input end to the output end of the distillation tube 11, the distillation tube 11 includes a drying zone, a pyrolysis zone, an oxidation zone and a reduction zone arranged in sequence. During the conversion process, the biomass feedstock is gradually moved from the drying zone to the reduction zone to gradually carry out the gasification operation.

[0045] Specifically, the gasification device 1 also includes air supply walls 14 and steam supply walls 15 spaced apart along the longitudinal direction of the pyrolysis tube 11, both of which are connected to the pyrolysis tube 11. The air supply walls 14 supply a certain amount of air into the pyrolysis tube 11, causing partial combustion of the biomass feedstock and providing high-temperature conditions for the catalytic cracking of the tar produced in the pyrolysis zone and the water-gas reaction. The water required for the water-gas reaction is introduced into the pyrolysis tube 11 through the steam supply walls 15 to ensure the normal operation of the gasification process.

[0046] Combination Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the composition of a biomass conversion system in one embodiment of this application is shown. In some embodiments, the biomass conversion system includes a combustion device 2, a collection device 3, and a gasification device 1 as shown in any of the above embodiments.

[0047] The gasification device 1 includes a first input terminal I1, and the output terminal of the combustion device 2 is connected to the first input terminal I1 of the gasification device 1 to deliver high-temperature flue gas to the flue gas passage 12 of the gasification device 1, thereby achieving heating of the outside of the pyrolysis tube 11. The input terminal of the collection device 3 is connected to the first output terminal O1 of the gasification device 1 to realize the recovery and utilization of the gasified gas generated during the gasification operation.

[0048] The collection device 3 includes a gas collection end 7 and a return end 8 arranged at intervals. The gas collection end 7 is used to collect and store the generated gasified gas, while the return end 8 is used to connect to the input end of the combustion device 2, so as to return part of the generated gasified gas to the combustion device 2 to assist the combustion heating of the combustion device 2.

[0049] In some embodiments, the biomass conversion system further includes a feeding device 6, the output of which is connected to the second input I2 of the gasification device 1, for continuously feeding biomass feedstock into the pyrolysis tube 11 of the feeding device 6. In this embodiment, the feeding device 6 is specifically a hydraulic feeding device capable of rapid and continuous feeding.

[0050] Continue reading Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the collecting device 3 specifically includes a separation mechanism 31 and a gas collecting mechanism 32. The separation mechanism 31 is connected between the gasification device 1 and the gas collecting mechanism 32 to filter impurities entrained in the gasified gas, thereby purifying the gasified gas collected by the gas collecting mechanism 32.

[0051] Specifically, the separation mechanism 31 includes a gas-carbon separation component 311 and a gas-liquid separation component 312 connected in sequence. The input end of the gas-carbon separation component 311 is connected to the first output end O1 of the gasification device 1, and is used to separate the solid residue generated after the biomass feedstock undergoes the gasification process from the gasified gas. The gas-carbon separation component 311 includes a discharge port, through which the solid residue is periodically discharged after accumulating to a certain amount, so that the solid residue is discharged from the biomass conversion system as the final product.

[0052] The input end of the gas-liquid separation component 312 is connected to the output end of the gas-carbon separation component 311. There may be some liquid residue in the gasified gas after preliminary filtration. The gas-liquid separation component 312 is used to separate the liquid in the gasified gas so that the gas collection mechanism 32 can collect gasified gas with higher purity.

[0053] Furthermore, to achieve effective control over the direction of the gasified gas flow, in some embodiments, the separation mechanism 31 further includes a check valve 313 connected between the gas-carbon separation component 311 and the gas-liquid separation component 312. In this embodiment, the check valve 313 is specifically a one-way valve connected between the gas-carbon separation component 311 and the gas-liquid separation component 312. During the actual preparation process, the gasified gas can only flow from the gas-carbon separation component 311 to the gas-liquid separation component 312 under the action of the one-way valve, thereby further ensuring the purity of the gasified gas collected by the gas collecting mechanism 32.

[0054] See Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the biomass conversion system further includes a waste discharge device 4, the input of which is connected to the second output terminal O2 of the gasification device 1. Specifically, the waste discharge device 4 is an induced draft fan whose input is connected to the output terminal of the flue gas passage 12.

[0055] In this embodiment, the induced draft fan is used to discharge the flue gas that has absorbed excess heat from the conversion system. On the one hand, this completes the waste discharge operation, ensuring the cleanliness of the conversion system. On the other hand, the induced draft fan guides the flow of flue gas, allowing the high-temperature flue gas to be smoothly transported from the input end of the flue gas channel 12 to the output end of the flue gas channel 12 under the traction of the fan, thereby achieving overall heating of the outer wall of the pyrolysis tube 11.

[0056] In some other embodiments, the biomass conversion system also includes a monitoring device for real-time monitoring of the temperature inside the gasification unit 1 and for real-time control of the operating status of the biomass conversion system based on the temperature data obtained from the monitoring.

[0057] In this embodiment, the monitoring device includes a first monitor, a second monitor, and a third monitor arranged at intervals. All three monitors are common thermocouples. Specifically, along the longitudinal direction of the gasification device 1, the gasification device 1 includes a drying section, a pyrolysis section, and a gasification section arranged sequentially. The drying section is located at the raw material inlet of the gasification device 1, the pyrolysis section is located in the middle of the gasification device 1, and the gasification section is located at the end of the gasification device 1.

[0058] The drying section corresponds to the drying zone of the aforementioned dry distillation tube 11, the pyrolysis section corresponds to the pyrolysis zone of the dry distillation tube 11, and the gasification section corresponds to the oxidation and reduction zones of the dry distillation tube 11. The aforementioned first, second, and third monitors are arranged sequentially corresponding to the drying, pyrolysis, and gasification sections of the gasification device 1 to perform segmented, real-time monitoring of the temperature of these three sections.

[0059] In the actual conversion process, the feeding device 6 pushes the biomass raw material into the double distillation tube 11 and feeds it repeatedly and continuously. The high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion gasification gas in the combustion device 2 heats the outside of the distillation tube 11 through the spiral flue gas pipe. The waste heat of the gasification gas generated after the gasification reaction in the gasification device 1 circulates in the gas flow to heat the inside of the distillation tube 11.

[0060] Specifically, the biomass feedstock is progressively advanced, successively passing through the drying zone, pyrolysis zone, oxidation zone, and reduction zone. During this process, a certain amount of air is supplied to the distillation tube 11 through the air supply wall 14, resulting in partial combustion. This provides high-temperature conditions for the catalytic cracking of the tar produced in the pyrolysis zone and the water-gas reaction. The water required for the water-gas reaction is introduced through the steam supply wall 15. The generated gasified gas and solid residue are separated in the gas-carbon separation component 311. The solid residue falls off and is periodically discharged. The generated gasified gas is discharged through the gas combustion passage 13.

[0061] The gas passage 13 is formed by the aforementioned distillation tube 11 and two gas pipeline sealing plates 16. While the gas is discharged through the gas passage 13, it also serves to cool itself by heating the distillation tube 11.

[0062] In some embodiments, this application also provides a conversion method that can be applied to the conversion system shown in any of the above embodiments to realize the conversion operation of biomass raw materials. The conversion method includes the following steps:

[0063] S101: Heating and vaporization device 1;

[0064] S102: When the temperature of the drying section of the gasification unit 1 reaches the preset value, biomass raw materials are loaded into the gasification unit 1;

[0065] S103: Biomass feedstock is heated to produce gasification gas. Part of the gasification gas is sent to the combustion furnace, and the other part is sent to the collection device 3.

[0066] In step S101, combustible gas is ignited in combustion device 2. The combustion of combustible gas produces high-temperature flue gas, which is then transported through flue gas channel 12 to the periphery of distillation tube 11 to heat gasification device 1. The combustible gas can be liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) or gasified gas. At the start of the gasification operation, LPG is typically used. After the gasification operation has proceeded for a period of time, i.e., after the biomass feedstock has produced a certain amount of gasified gas, the LPG is replaced by the gasified gas, which continues to heat gasification device 1.

[0067] In step S102, the temperature values ​​monitored by the first, second, and third monitors are read respectively. When the temperature at the first monitor reaches the preset temperature, the feeding device 6 is activated to push biomass raw materials into the gasification device 1. In this embodiment, the preset temperature is set to 200°C. It is understood that in some other embodiments, the preset temperature can be flexibly designed according to the actual performance of the gasification device 1, and this application does not impose any limitations on this.

[0068] In step S103, water vapor is used as a gasifying agent, and the high-temperature flue gas in the combustion device 2 is used as a heat source. The biomass raw material is dried, pyrolyzed and gasified in the gasification device 1 to produce gasified gas and solid residue. The gasified gas and solid residue are separated in the gas-carbon separation component 311. A portion of the gasified gas is transported to the combustion device 2 for combustion, and another portion enters the gas-liquid separation component 312 to separate the liquid in the gasified gas and collect it with the gas collection mechanism 32. The remaining solid residue can be transported to the outside as the final product.

[0069] Before step S101, step S100 is also included: starting the waste discharge device 4 and adjusting the operating speed of the waste discharge device 4, thereby discharging the flue gas from the gasification device 1.

[0070] In step S100, before starting the combustion device 2, the operating speed of the exhaust device 4 is adjusted so that the high-temperature flue gas generated after combustion by the combustion device 2 can pass through the flue gas channel 12 at a specific speed under the traction of the induced draft fan, thereby ensuring the heating effect on the outside of the pyrolysis tube 11. The flue gas after the waste heat is absorbed is led out of the conversion system by the exhaust device 4, thus ensuring the cleanliness of the inside of the conversion system.

[0071] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0072] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A gasification device, characterized in that, The gasification device includes: At least two retort tubes, all of which are arranged in parallel to each other, are used to feed biomass feedstock for gasification. A gas passage, abutting between adjacent distillation tubes, connects the output end of the distillation tubes to a combustion device and / or a collection device, and provides a gaseous flow path for heating the distillation tubes; and A flue gas passage surrounds the periphery of the pyrolysis tube and the gasification passage, and the flue gas passage is used to supply flue gas flow to heat the pyrolysis tube and the gasification gas.

2. The gasification apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gasification device also includes air supply walls and steam supply walls arranged at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the distillation tube, and both the air supply walls and the steam supply walls are connected to the distillation tube. The air supply wall is used to supply air into the distillation tube; the steam supply wall is used to supply steam into the distillation tube.

3. The gasification apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flue gas passage is arranged in a spiral shape around a first reference axis, which is parallel to the central axis of the distillation tube.

4. A biomass conversion system, characterized in that, The conversion system includes: The gasification apparatus according to any one of claims 1-3 is used to heat biomass feedstock to produce gasified gas and solid residue, and the gasification apparatus is capable of reducing the temperature gradient between biomass feedstocks. A combustion device, the output of which is connected to the first input of the gasification device, for supplying heat to the gasification device; and A collection device, the input end of which is connected to the first output end of the gasification device, the collection device includes a gas collection end and a return end, the gas collection end is used to collect the generated gasified gas, and the return end is connected to the input end of the combustion device.

5. The biomass conversion system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The collection device includes a separation mechanism and a gas collection mechanism. The separation mechanism is connected to the first output end of the gasification device, and the gas collection mechanism is connected to the output end of the separation mechanism. The separation mechanism is used to separate out the gasified gas, and the gas collection mechanism is used to collect the separated gasified gas.

6. The biomass conversion system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The separation mechanism includes a gas-carbon separation component and a gas-liquid separation component. The gas-carbon separation component is connected to the first output end of the gasification device, and the gas-liquid separation component is connected between the gas-carbon separation component and the gas collection mechanism. The gas-carbon separation component is used to separate the generated gasified gas and solid residue; the gas-liquid separation component is used to separate the liquid from the gasified gas.

7. The biomass conversion system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The separation mechanism further includes a backflow preventer, which is connected between the gas-carbon separation component and the gas-liquid separation component to prevent the gasified gas from being fed back from the gas-liquid separation component to the gas-carbon separation component.

8. The biomass conversion system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The conversion system also includes a waste discharge device. The input end of the waste discharge device is connected to the second output end of the gasification device, and the output end of the waste discharge device is used to connect to the outside world to discharge the flue gas generated during the gasification process.

9. The biomass conversion system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The conversion system also includes a monitoring device for monitoring the temperature inside the gasification unit; Along the direction of biomass feedstock transport, the gasification device includes a drying section, a pyrolysis section, and a gasification section arranged in sequence, and the monitoring device includes a first monitor corresponding to the drying section, a second monitor corresponding to the pyrolysis section, and a third monitor corresponding to the gasification section.

10. The biomass conversion system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The conversion system also includes a feeding device connected to the second input end of the gasification device, which is used to feed biomass feedstock into the distillation tube.

11. A conversion method, applied to the biomass conversion system as described in any one of claims 4-10, characterized in that, The conversion method includes: Heating the gasification device; When the temperature of the drying section of the gasification device reaches a preset value, biomass raw materials are loaded into the gasification device. The biomass feedstock is heated to produce gasification gas. Part of the gasification gas is transported to the combustion furnace, and the other part is transported to the collection device.

12. The conversion method according to claim 11, characterized in that, Before heating the gasification device, the following is also included: Start the waste discharge device and adjust its operating speed to discharge the flue gas from the gasification device.

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