Liquid fuel injection device with dispersion fluid director

Abstract

The invention provides a liquid fuel injection device with a dispersion fluid director, and the liquid fuel injection device comprises an electric control injection control valve which is provided with a single injection hole, and the injection hole is configured to inject liquid fuel in a concentrated jet flow form; the dispersing and guiding device comprises a dispersing and guiding shell, the dispersing and guiding shell is fixedly connected with the outlet end of the electric control injection control valve, and an open type outlet is formed in the dispersing and guiding shell; the disperser is mounted on the dispersion flow guide shell; fuel jet flow ejected from the spraying holes is spread through the disperser to form a liquid film, the formed liquid film impacts the disperser or the disperser shell to form atomized spray, and the formed atomized spray is guided out from the open type outlet.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of marine injectors, specifically a liquid fuel injection device with a flow disperser. Background Technology

[0002] Compared to traditional fuels, methanol fuel possesses properties such as low viscosity, high latent heat of vaporization, and relatively high surface tension. High shear stress is required to achieve good atomization of methanol droplets during injection. Existing manifold injectors suffer from less than ideal atomization due to low injection pressure. While reducing the nozzle diameter can address this, the low pressure itself can lead to nozzle clogging. Achieving a balance between injection pressure and atomization efficiency—improving atomization while also facilitating manufacturing and maintenance—remains a current challenge.

[0003] A structure is needed to provide the high shear force required to overcome the surface tension of methanol, so that the injector can achieve good methanol atomization even at low pressure and high flow rate. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides a liquid fuel injection device with a flow disperser.

[0005] The technical solution of this invention is as follows: A liquid fuel injection device with a flow disperser, the liquid fuel injection device comprising: An electronically controlled injection control valve having a single nozzle configured to inject liquid fuel in a concentrated jet pattern; Dispersing diverter, including: A dispersion guide housing is fixedly connected to the outlet end of the electronically controlled injection control valve, and an open outlet is provided on the dispersion guide housing; A disperser is mounted on the dispersion guide housing; The fuel jet ejected from the nozzle spreads through the disperser to form a liquid film. The liquid film then impacts the disperser or the disperser housing to form an atomized spray, which is then discharged from the open outlet.

[0006] Preferably, the disperser housing comprises: The housing body is fixedly connected to the outlet end of the electronically controlled injection control valve; A support member, one end of which is fixedly connected to the housing body; A disperser mounting component, wherein the other end of the support component is fixedly connected to the disperser mounting component, and the disperser is mounted on the disperser mounting component; The open outlet is formed on the disperser mounting component.

[0007] Preferably, the disperser comprises: a first conical surface, a first transition surface, and a first impact plane connected in sequence; The fuel jet ejected from the nozzle impacts the first conical surface and spreads to form a liquid film. The liquid film then impacts the first impact plane to form atomized droplets.

[0008] Preferably, the disperser further includes: A second conical surface and a second transition surface are sequentially connected to the first impact plane; the angle of the cone segment containing the second conical surface is greater than the angle of the cone segment containing the first conical surface; The disperser mounting component has a second impact plane that conforms to the second transition surface; The residual liquid film that did not impact the first impact plane forms atomized droplets by impacting the second impact plane.

[0009] Preferably, the centerline of the nozzle is on the same straight line as the centerline of the cone segment containing the first cone surface, and the diameter of the nozzle is smaller than the maximum diameter of the cone segment containing the first cone surface.

[0010] Preferably, the angle of the cone segment containing the first conical surface is negatively correlated with the injection flow rate of the electronically controlled injection valve; The angle of the cone segment containing the first cone surface is between 20° and 60°.

[0011] Preferably, the liquid fuel injection device further includes: A flow-limiting orifice plate is disposed upstream of the electronically controlled injection control valve to limit the maximum fluid flow rate entering the electronically controlled injection control valve.

[0012] Preferably, the flow-limiting orifice plate includes: a housing, and a piston and a spring disposed within the housing, the piston being configured to move against the elastic force of the spring under the action of a fluid pressure difference, thereby shutting off the flow channel within the housing.

[0013] Preferably, the liquid fuel is methanol fuel, ammonia fuel, diesel fuel, or gasoline fuel.

[0014] Preferably, the theoretical injection pressure of the electronically controlled injection valve is below 5 MPa, and the theoretical injection flow rate of the electronically controlled injection valve is less than the maximum fluid inflow rate of the flow-limiting orifice plate. The liquid fuel injection device is configured for use in intake manifold injection mode.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By coaxially installing a flow guide downstream of the electronically controlled injection valve and adding a flow restrictor plate upstream, the excess flow is first cut off by the flow restrictor plate to stabilize the jet energy. Then, a concentrated jet is formed through a single nozzle. After impacting the disperser, the concentrated jet spreads to form a liquid film. The formed liquid film then impacts the disperser and / or the disperser housing to form atomized droplets, achieving two-stage breakage from point to surface to mist. Under the condition of maintaining a medium-low pressure of ≤5 MPa and a large flow rate of methanol supply, it can still continuously produce uniform fine mist, avoiding the risk of multi-pore blockage, and taking into account atomization quality, system reliability and maintenance convenience. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the liquid fuel injection device with a flow disperser in the embodiments of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the dispersing guide in the embodiments of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the disperser structure in the embodiments of this application. Figure 1 ; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the disperser structure in the embodiments of this application. Figure 2 ; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the dispersant housing and the dispersant assembly in an embodiment of this application. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the flow-limiting orifice plate in the embodiments of this application; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the state of fluid flowing through the disperser in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0017] This application provides a liquid fuel injection device with a dispersion guide, which can inject liquid fuels such as methanol, ammonia, gasoline, and diesel. In the following description of this application, methanol is used as an example of the liquid fuel.

[0018] Reference Figures 1-7 The liquid fuel injection device includes: An electronically controlled injection control valve 1 has a single nozzle configured to inject liquid fuel in a concentrated jet pattern. Dispersing guide 2, comprising: A dispersion guide housing 21 is fixedly connected to the outlet end of the electronically controlled injection control valve 1, and an open outlet 2102 is provided on the dispersion guide housing 21. Dispersant 22, which is mounted on the dispersion guide housing 21; The fuel jet ejected from the nozzle spreads through the disperser 22 to form a liquid film. The liquid film then impacts the disperser 22 or the disperser housing 21 to form an atomized spray, which is then discharged from the open outlet 2102.

[0019] In this embodiment, the electronically controlled injection control valve 1 adopts an existing injection structure, such as the injector structure in CN120332038A. The electronically controlled injection control valve 1 includes a solenoid valve 11, a valve core assembly 12, and a valve body. The solenoid valve 11 drives the valve stem inside the valve core assembly 12 to move, thereby creating a gap between the valve stem of the valve core assembly and the valve body for fuel to pass through, and then injecting fuel through the injection hole.

[0020] like Figure 2 As shown in the embodiments of this application, the nozzle of the electronically controlled injection control valve 1 can also be integrated into the dispersion guide housing 21 according to actual needs (e.g., Figure 2 (In the nozzle 2101), the nozzle plate structure in the existing electronically controlled injection control valve 1 can be eliminated.

[0021] In this embodiment, the diameter of the nozzle 2101 is greater than 1 mm. After the fluid is ejected through the nozzle 2101, it forms a jet. The mist-like droplets formed by the fluid jet in this invention are not controlled by the nozzle 2101. The diameter of the nozzle 2101 is related to the size of the disperser 22, and different designs are required for different power requirements.

[0022] By adopting a single nozzle structure, a concentrated and sufficiently energetic jet can be obtained under medium and low pressure fuel supply conditions, providing initial kinetic energy for subsequent impact on the cone surface, while avoiding the risk of clogging that occurs in porous structures under the high surface tension and easy impurity deposition environment of methanol.

[0023] Reference Figure 2 In this embodiment, the disperser housing 21 includes: a housing body 211, which is fixedly connected to the outlet end of the electronically controlled injection control valve 1; a support member 212, one end of which is fixedly connected to the housing body 211; and a disperser mounting member 213, the other end of which is fixedly connected to the disperser mounting member 213, wherein the disperser 22 is mounted on the disperser mounting member 213; wherein the disperser mounting member 213 has an open outlet 2102. The open outlet 2102 is used to guide the atomized fuel to the intake manifold.

[0024] In this embodiment, the support member 212 is a plurality of L-shaped support members, which are evenly arranged to form the aforementioned open opening 2102 between two adjacent support members. The combination of these support members 212 constructs a stable support system for the diffuser 2. This support method minimizes interference with the spray pattern while maintaining mechanical strength.

[0025] The open design of the support component 213 minimizes obstruction to flow, ensuring the injector's mechanical reliability under jet impact stress while guaranteeing optimal atomization. The support component 213 places high demands on its materials and design; it needs to be thin enough to avoid interfering with spray pattern and droplet formation, while also being robust enough to withstand mechanical stresses from the methanol jet, intake manifold temperature, and engine vibration.

[0026] The robust design of the support component 213 ensures stability without compromising functionality. It keeps the diffuser 2 in the correct position, guaranteeing structural stability even under jet impact.

[0027] In this embodiment, the support member 213 specifically comprises three elements arranged at 120° intervals to ensure uniform load distribution and minimize mechanical stress concentration. This configuration is standard and can be modified for other specific spraying requirements.

[0028] The support member 212 in this embodiment can also be configured as an integral component, and the above-mentioned open opening 2102 is formed by opening an opening in the support member 212.

[0029] Reference Figure 5 In this embodiment of the application, the disperser 22 includes a first conical surface 221, a first transition surface 222 and a first impact plane 223 connected in sequence; the fuel jet ejected from the nozzle impacts the first conical surface 221 and spreads to form a liquid film, and the formed liquid film forms atomized droplets by impacting the first impact plane 223.

[0030] In this embodiment, the main function of the disperser 2 is to shape the flow field and generate a fine spray. When the methanol jet impacts the disperser 2, the disperser 22 guides the concentrated jet to flow on the conical surface of its first conical surface 221 and spread it into a liquid film. The liquid film then impacts the first impact plane 223, subsequently transforming into a finely atomized spray. The conical shape of the first conical surface 221 forces the fluid to accelerate and form a liquid film, which is then broken into smaller droplets, shaping the methanol fluid into a fine spray. Specifically, ensuring that the methanol jet impacts the first impact plane 223 at a suitable angle is crucial for effective atomization. This process minimizes turbulence while maximizing atomization efficiency, thereby promoting the deflection and breakup of the methanol jet, and thus promoting combustion. Furthermore, the first transition surface 222 of the disperser 22 is designed to provide a smooth transition for the fuel, optimizing flow dynamics and enhancing the overall atomization process. The rotational symmetry of the first conical surface 221 further ensures that the shear force is uniformly distributed within the methanol fluid liquid film.

[0031] Reference Figure 2 In this embodiment, the disperser 22 is fixed inside the disperser mounting component 213, with the apex of its first conical surface 221 facing the nozzle. This allows the jet to impact the apex vertically and then spread evenly along the first conical surface 221, forming a continuous liquid film. The presence of the first conical surface 221 forces the liquid film to complete radial acceleration within a very short stroke, generating a high shear field that effectively overcomes the high surface tension of methanol and initially breaks up the liquid. Due to the high-speed flow, the average thickness of the liquid film formed by the jet flowing on the first conical surface 221 of the disperser 22 is less than 0.1 mm. The surface tension inside the jet is greatly weakened. The high-speed flowing liquid film impacts the first impact plane 223 of the disperser 22, causing the liquid film to disperse and form mist-like droplets, thus completing atomization.

[0032] Considering that a very small amount of liquid film may be discharged directly through the open outlet 2102 without impacting the first impact plane 223, a secondary impact space for the liquid film is also provided in this embodiment. (Referring to...) Figures 3-5 In this embodiment, the disperser 22 further includes: a second conical surface 224 and a second transition surface 225 sequentially connected to the first impact plane 223; the angle α of the conical segment where the second conical surface 224 is located is greater than the angle β of the conical segment where the first conical surface 221 is located; the disperser mounting member 213 has a second impact plane 2131 that is in contact with the second transition surface 215; wherein, the residual liquid film that does not impact the first impact plane 223 forms atomized droplets by impacting the second impact plane 2131.

[0033] After leaving the edge of the cone segment where the first cone surface 221 is located, the residual liquid film impacts the second impact plane 2131 at high speed in the form of a thin film, further tearing the residual liquid film into tiny droplets.

[0034] In this embodiment, the housing body 211, the support member 212, and the disperser mounting member 213 are integrally formed without the need for additional parts. This simplifies assembly, ensures coaxiality, and avoids asymmetric spraying caused by liquid film collision position displacement.

[0035] From the perspective of fuel flow, the fuel first forms a concentrated jet through a single nozzle. The first impact on the first conical surface 221 completes the point-to-surface transformation and generates a high-shear liquid film, thereby breaking the surface tension of the liquid and initiating droplet formation. The second impact on the first impact plane 223 and the second impact plane 2131 achieves surface-to-mist refinement, shaping the fluid flow into a fine spray pattern, ultimately forming a uniform spray that exits from the open outlet 2102, ensuring optimal fuel atomization and improving combustion efficiency. Both impacts are completed within the same component, eliminating the need to increase system pressure and achieving good atomization in the low-pressure injection environment of the intake manifold, while also considering ease of manufacturing and maintenance as well as anti-clogging capabilities.

[0036] In this embodiment of the application, according to actual product requirements, the second impact plane 2131 can also be set on the structure of the disperser 22, and the first impact plane 223 can be set on the disperser mounting part 213; of course, those skilled in the art can also reasonably adjust the number of impact planes and on which part the impact planes are formed according to the actual product design.

[0037] In this embodiment, the centerline of the nozzle is on the same straight line as the centerline of the cone segment where the first cone surface 221 is located, and the diameter of the nozzle is smaller than the maximum diameter of the cone segment where the first cone surface 221 is located, so as to ensure that the jet is directly facing the cone apex and can be fully spread on the first cone surface 221.

[0038] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the angle of the cone segment containing the first cone surface 221 is negatively correlated with the injection flow rate of the electronically controlled injection control valve 1. The guide angle of the disperser 22 (i.e., the angle α of the cone segment containing the first cone surface 221) is a key parameter for controlling the spray pattern. When the output power demand is high, the required methanol flow rate is high, and the guide angle is small; when the power demand is low, the required methanol flow rate is low, and the guide angle is large. Depending on the application scenario and the required spray characteristics, this guide angle can vary, typically between 20° and 60°. The design of the guide angle directly affects the formation of atomized droplets, thereby affecting the complete combustion of fuel in the subsequent combustion chamber.

[0039] In this embodiment, the theoretical injection pressure of the electronically controlled injection control valve 1 is below 5 MPa. Under the action of the diffuser 2, the injection jet forms good atomization, which is suitable for intake manifold injection.

[0040] The diffuser 2 can be easily integrated with intake manifold fuel injectors, ensuring better control of fuel flow without affecting the function of the injector itself.

[0041] In this embodiment, the diffuser 2 can be integrated with other similar intake manifold methanol injectors. Simply modifying the nozzle to a single nozzle allows it to perform the injector function and achieve good atomization. The geometry of the diffuser 22 is adjustable to suit different engine types and performance requirements. By modifying the diffuser 22's guide angle and surface finish, the nozzle diameter of the electronic injection control valve 1 can also be modified to adapt to specific combustion conditions, ensuring effective methanol atomization even under varying pressure and flow rates.

[0042] Reference Figure 1 The liquid fuel injection device in this embodiment further includes: A flow-limiting orifice plate 3 is disposed upstream of the fluid in the electronically controlled injection control valve 1 and is coaxially fixed to the valve body inlet end; it is used to limit the maximum fluid flow rate entering the electronically controlled injection control valve 1.

[0043] The theoretical injection flow rate of the electronically controlled injection valve 1 is less than the maximum fluid inflow flow rate of the flow-limiting orifice plate 3.

[0044] The flow-limiting orifice plate 3 has a normally open throttling channel inside. When the upstream flow exceeds the rated value, the flow-limiting orifice plate 3 automatically reduces or closes the channel, thereby limiting the maximum flow entering the electronically controlled injection control valve 1 to within the design upper limit. This flow-limiting orifice plate 3 can reduce oil supply fluctuations, prevent excess flow from impacting a single nozzle, ensure that the injection valve is always in a normally closed standby state, and provide stable jet energy to the downstream diffuser 2, ensuring atomization consistency under low-pressure conditions.

[0045] like Figure 6 In this embodiment, the flow-limiting orifice plate 3 includes a flow-limiting orifice plate housing 31, a piston 32, and a spring 33. The piston 32 moves along the inside of the flow-limiting orifice plate housing 31 and contacts the spring 33, acting under the force of the spring. Specifically, the flow-limiting orifice plate 3 has the function of limiting the fluid flow rate. When the inflow exceeds the theoretical flow rate, the force of the fluid acting on the piston 32 overcomes the spring force, pushing the piston 32 downward to completely compress the spring 33, blocking the flow channel inside the flow-limiting orifice plate housing 31, thus completing the flow-limiting function. When the flow rate decreases, the fluid force decreases, and the spring force pushes the piston upward, opening the flow channel. The flow-limiting orifice plate 3 can minimize the pressure drop at both ends of the orifice plate.

[0046] The working principle of the above-mentioned liquid fuel injection device is as follows: When the solenoid valve is not working, it is subjected to spring force, and the fluid force cannot drive the valve stem to open the valve body; the methanol fluid enters the injector of the electronically controlled injection control valve 1 through the flow limiting orifice plate 3. The flow limiting orifice plate 3 limits the upper limit of the fluid flow (such as 200%), so that the electronically controlled injection control valve 1 is in a normally closed state when it is not subjected to electromagnetic force. When the solenoid valve is working, the combined action of electromagnetic force and fluid force overcomes the spring force, and the armature of the solenoid valve drives the valve stem to open the valve head, realizing the opening of the electronically controlled injection control valve 1. The jet ejected from the single nozzle flows on the first conical surface 221 of the disperser 2 and then collides with the first impact plane 223 and the second impact plane 2131 to form atomized droplets, realizing the atomization function of the injector. The methanol jet is ejected from the open outlet 2102 in the form of a concentrated and narrow stream. There is almost no interaction or disturbance during its flow. The initial shape of the jet shows a concentrated trajectory and limited spray diffusion.

[0047] The geometry of disperser 22 shapes the methanol fluid into a fine spray by forcing the fluid to accelerate and break into smaller droplets. This process minimizes turbulence while maximizing atomization efficiency. The surface design of disperser 22 provides a smooth transition for the fuel, optimizes the flow process, and enhances the overall atomization process.

[0048] Although embodiments of the present disclosure have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present disclosure. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A liquid fuel injection device with a flow disperser, characterized in that, The liquid fuel injection device includes: An electronically controlled injection control valve (1) has a single nozzle configured to inject liquid fuel in a concentrated jet pattern. Dispersive guide (2), comprising: A dispersion guide housing (21) is fixedly connected to the outlet end of the electronically controlled injection control valve (1), and an open outlet (2102) is provided on the dispersion guide housing (21). Dispersant (22), which is mounted on the dispersion guide housing (21); The fuel jet ejected from the nozzle spreads through the disperser (22) to form a liquid film. The liquid film is atomized by impacting the disperser (22) or the disperser housing (21). The atomized spray is discharged from the open outlet (2102).

2. The liquid fuel injection device with a dispersant as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The disperser housing (21) includes: The housing body (211) is fixedly connected to the outlet end of the electronically controlled injection control valve (1); A support member (212), one end of which is fixedly connected to the housing body (211); Disperser mounting component (213), the other end of the support component (212) is fixedly connected to the disperser mounting component (213), and the disperser (22) is mounted on the disperser mounting component (213); The open outlet (2102) is formed on the disperser mounting component (213).

3. The liquid fuel injection device with a dispersant according to claim 2, characterized in that, The disperser (22) includes a first conical surface (221), a first transition surface (222), and a first impact surface (223) connected in sequence. The fuel jet ejected from the nozzle impacts the first conical surface (221) and spreads to form a liquid film. The liquid film then impacts the first impact plane (223) to form atomized droplets.

4. The liquid fuel injection device with a dispersant according to claim 3, characterized in that, The disperser (22) also includes: A second conical surface (224) and a second transition surface (225) are sequentially connected to the first impact plane (223); the angle of the cone segment where the second conical surface (224) is located is greater than the angle of the cone segment where the first conical surface (221) is located; The diffuser mounting component (213) has a second impact plane (2131) that fits against the second transition surface (215). The residual liquid film that did not impact the first impact plane (223) forms atomized droplets by impacting the second impact plane (2131).

5. The liquid fuel injection device with a dispersant according to claim 3, characterized in that, The centerline of the nozzle is on the same straight line as the centerline of the cone segment where the first cone surface (221) is located, and the diameter of the nozzle is smaller than the maximum diameter of the cone segment where the first cone surface (221) is located.

6. The liquid fuel injection device with a dispersant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The angle of the cone segment where the first cone surface (221) is located is negatively correlated with the injection flow rate of the electronically controlled injection control valve (1); The angle of the cone segment where the first cone surface (221) is located is between 20° and 60°.

7. The liquid fuel injection device with a dispersant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid fuel injection device further includes: A flow-limiting orifice plate (3) is disposed upstream of the electronically controlled injection control valve (1) to limit the maximum fluid flow rate entering the electronically controlled injection control valve (1).

8. The liquid fuel injection device with a dispersant according to claim 7, characterized in that, The flow restrictor plate (3) includes: a housing (31), and a piston (32) and a spring (33) arranged in the housing (31), the piston (32) being configured to move against the elastic force of the spring (33) under the action of fluid pressure difference, so as to shut off the flow channel in the housing (31).

9. The liquid fuel injection device with a dispersant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid fuel is methanol, ammonia, diesel, or gasoline.

10. The liquid fuel injection device with a flow disperser according to claim 7, characterized in that, The theoretical injection pressure of the electronically controlled injection control valve (1) is below 5MPa, and the theoretical injection flow rate of the electronically controlled injection control valve (1) is less than the maximum fluid inflow rate of the flow limiting orifice plate (3). The liquid fuel injection device is configured for use in intake manifold injection mode.

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