A cold heading apparatus and cold heading process for fastener machining

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of fastener processing cold heading equipment and cold heading process, the present application relates to cold heading equipment technical field, including fixed beam and control module, the fixed beam is opened with hinged hole, the inner wall of hinged hole is fixedly connected with hinged column, the outer wall of hinged column is hinged with hinged sleeve, the front side of hinged sleeve is provided with displacement mechanism, the displacement mechanism includes hinged stake, the side of hinged stake close to fixed beam is hinged with the outer wall of hinged sleeve, the inner wall of hinged stake is fixedly connected with vertical cylinder, the lower side of vertical cylinder is provided with slide stake, clamp jaw, the clamp jaw is used to shift fastener, the present application is triggered by being provided with the contact of first conductive block and second conductive block, in combination with the delay control of control module, laser displacement detection module is started again to detect anchor target, can avoid the impact vibration interference of reset instant, with the characteristics of practicality and the processing stability of equipment and the precision of workpiece are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cold heading equipment technology, specifically to a cold heading equipment and cold heading process for fastener processing. Background Technology

[0002] Cold heading is a common process that uses the plastic deformation of metal at room temperature to form fasteners. It is widely used in the mass production of standard parts such as screws, bolts, and rivets. Its basic principle is to apply impact force to the metal blank with a punch, causing the blank to plastically flow and fill the cavity in the die cavity, thereby obtaining the required shape and size. Compared with machining, cold heading has the advantages of high material utilization, high processing efficiency, and good part strength, so it has an irreplaceable position in the fastener manufacturing field.

[0003] Existing cold heading machines generally consist of a feeding mechanism, a clamping mechanism, a die, and a striking mechanism. During operation, the blank is fed into the die position by the clamping component, and the punch presses down at high speed to perform heading. In order to ensure the forming accuracy of the parts, the clamping component must be accurately reset in each cycle. However, under high-frequency impact, the equipment is often accompanied by severe vibration, which can easily cause slight deviations in the reset position of the clamping component. If the deviations accumulate, it will cause inconsistent part dimensions or even damage the die. Furthermore, if the reset position is deviated, it will increase the energy consumption required when the punch extrudes the blank.

[0004] To address this, some existing equipment uses limiting structures on the clamping components to ensure reset accuracy. However, during long-term operation, the limiting surfaces wear down due to frequent contact, resulting in a decrease in positioning accuracy. In addition, most existing detection solutions rely on a single sensor, such as a photoelectric switch or displacement detector. When subjected to vibration and impact during reset, the detection signal is often unstable, which can easily lead to misjudgment and affect the reliability of equipment operation.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to propose a new cold heading process and equipment for fastener processing, which can achieve multi-level detection of reset accuracy while ensuring the synchronous movement of the gripper, clamping and releasing actions, and reduce the impact of vibration through a buffer mechanism, thereby improving the processing stability of the equipment and the precision of the manufactured parts. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a cold heading equipment and a cold heading process for fastener processing, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a cold heading equipment for fastener processing, including a fixed beam and a control module, wherein a hinge hole is provided on the fixed beam, a hinge column is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the hinge hole, a hinge sleeve is hinged to the outer wall of the hinge column, and a displacement mechanism is provided on the front side of the hinge sleeve.

[0008] The displacement mechanism includes a hinged pile, the side of which near the fixed beam is hinged to the outer wall of the hinged sleeve, and a vertical cylinder is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the hinged pile. A sliding pile and a clamp are provided on the lower side of the vertical cylinder, and the clamp is used to displace the fastener.

[0009] The vertical cylinder is equipped with a sliding rod that can move up and down. A pressure detection module and a hinge joint are provided on the upper side of the sliding rod. The pressure detection module is used to detect the pressure between the hinge joint and the sliding rod. The pressure detection module is electrically connected to the control module.

[0010] A detection mechanism is provided on the right side of the fixed beam. The detection mechanism includes a connecting component and a laser displacement detection module on the connecting component. The laser displacement detection module is electrically connected to the control module and is used to detect the position of the synchronization frame.

[0011] According to the above technical solution, three sets of displacement mechanisms are provided on the front side of the fixed beam, and a synchronization frame is provided on the outer side of the three sets of displacement mechanisms. The inner wall of the synchronization frame is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the vertical cylinder. The upper and lower ends of the vertical cylinder extend to the upper side and the lower side of the synchronization frame, respectively. The synchronization frame is used to limit and synchronize the movement of the three sets of displacement mechanisms.

[0012] According to the above technical solution, the upper side of the inner wall of the vertical cylinder is slidably connected to the outer wall of the sliding rod. The upper end of the sliding rod extends to the outside of the vertical cylinder, and the upper end of the sliding rod is rotatably connected to a rotating seat via a bearing. A hinge joint is fixedly connected to the upper side of the rotating seat. The upper end of the sliding rod is rotatably connected to the lower side of the pressure detection module via a bearing. The upper side of the pressure detection module is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the rotating seat. The lower inner wall of the vertical cylinder is slidably connected to the upper side of the sliding pile. The lower side of the sliding pile is hinged to the upper end of the gripper. Sliding windows are provided on the side walls of both the vertical cylinder and the hinged pile. A pull rod is hinged to the outer side of the sliding window via the outer wall of the sliding rod. The lower end of the pull rod is hinged to the outer wall of the gripper.

[0013] According to the above technical solution, the upper side of the sliding pile is a rod-shaped structure, and the upper side of the sliding pile is inserted into the inside of the vertical cylinder. The side wall of the sliding pile is provided with a sliding groove, and the inner wall of the vertical cylinder is provided with a limiting protrusion inside the sliding groove. The limiting protrusion is used to limit the sliding pile to slide slightly up and down inside the vertical cylinder.

[0014] According to the above technical solution, the connecting assembly includes a connecting plate, an anchor target is fixedly connected to the upper right side of the connecting plate, a first conductive block is fixedly connected to the lower right side of the connecting plate, a fixing frame is fixedly connected to the right side of the fixing beam, a limiting cylinder is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the right side of the fixing frame, an electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the rear side of the inner wall of the limiting cylinder, an elastic rod is fixedly connected to the front end of the electric telescopic rod, a limiting frame is fixedly connected to the front end of the elastic rod, the front side of the limiting frame is fixedly connected to the upper side of the laser displacement detection module, and a second conductive block is fixedly connected to the front side of the outer wall of the fixing beam.

[0015] According to the above technical solution, the outer wall of the connecting plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the synchronization frame. The first conductive block moves synchronously with the synchronization frame. The second conductive block is located to the right of the movement path of the first conductive block. After the first conductive block and the second conductive block come into contact, the control module starts the laser displacement detection module.

[0016] According to the above technical solution, the elastic rod is a rod-shaped structure made of elastic metal. The rear end of the limiting frame and the rear end of the electric telescopic rod are both chamfered. The outer wall of the rear side of the limiting frame and the outer wall of the rear end of the electric telescopic rod are in contact with the inner wall of the limiting cylinder. The outer wall of the elastic rod is not in contact with the inner wall of the limiting cylinder.

[0017] A cold heading process for fastener processing includes the following steps:

[0018] Step 1: Install the fixed beam on the upper side of the upsetting die hole of the cold heading machine to ensure that the fastener blank can be clamped by the gripper after it pops out of the upsetting die hole. By hinge deflection at the hinge column, the entire shifting mechanism is shifted, so that the gripper moves to the blank on the left side.

[0019] Step 2: The upper power is applied to the hinge joint, which drives the sliding rod to move downward and presses the tie rod, so that the clamping claws clamp and fix the blank under the guidance of the hinged pile and the vertical cylinder.

[0020] Step 3: Drive the hinge sleeve to the right to reset via the rear power drive, so that the blank moves synchronously with the gripper to the front side of the right upsetting die hole, and is formed by the extrusion of the cold upsetting punch.

[0021] Step 4: Drive the cold heading punch to press and extrude the blank to form it. During this process, the upper power synchronously pulls the hinge joint in the opposite direction, causing the sliding rod and the sliding pile to move upward, so that the jaws release the blank and complete the forming.

[0022] Step 5: During the reset process, the synchronization frame drives the first conductive block to contact the second conductive block. After a delay, the control module starts the laser displacement detection module to detect the position of the anchor target. Combined with the electric telescopic rod, elastic rod, and limit frame, the vibration at the moment of reset is buffered and stabilized to ensure detection accuracy.

[0023] Step 6: If the laser displacement detection module detects an abnormal anchor target position, or the pressure detection module detects an abnormal increase in pressure between the sliding rod and the vertical cylinder, the synchronous frame reset deviation is determined, an abnormal signal is output to the control module, a deviation warning is implemented, and the cycle begins.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are as follows: The present invention, by setting a hinge joint and an upper power hinge joint, and a hinge sleeve and a rear power hinge joint, enables the hinge sleeve to reciprocate and deflect, driving the gripper to move between the left and right sides; at the same time, by pressing the hinge joint up and down to drive the sliding rod and the pull rod, the gripper can clamp and release the fastener, realizing cyclic cold heading under the synchronous frame, and ensuring the positioning and forming stability of the fastener during the processing.

[0025] By setting a contact trigger between the first and second conductive blocks, combined with the delay control of the control module, the laser displacement detection module is then activated to detect the anchor target. This avoids the impact and vibration interference at the moment of reset, making the detection of the synchronous frame reset position more accurate and ensuring stable and reliable detection results, thereby improving the overall operating accuracy of the machine under high-speed cycling.

[0026] By incorporating an electric telescopic rod, an elastic rod, and a limiting frame, a buffer mechanism is formed during the movement and reset of the synchronous frame. This mechanism can automatically extend after the second conductive block is disconnected to absorb impact energy. Simultaneously, after reset, the chamfer of the limiting frame fits tightly against the limiting cylinder, ensuring that the laser displacement detection module is in a stable environment during detection. This reduces the risk of vibration damage to the detection mechanism and improves the accuracy of the detection data.

[0027] By incorporating a pressure detection module that works in conjunction with a sliding rod, when a deviation occurs in the reset position of the synchronization frame, the pressure value abnormally increases due to the increased friction between the sliding rod and the vertical cylinder, thus determining the reset offset. This detection complements the laser detection of the laser displacement detection module, enabling dual determination of reset accuracy, improving the timeliness of fault warnings and the safety of equipment operation. Attached Figure Description

[0028] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0029] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the lower structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the shifting mechanism structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the vertical tube of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the detection mechanism structure of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the detection mechanism of the present invention;

[0036] In the diagram: 1. Fixed beam; 2. Hinge column; 3. Hinge sleeve; 4. Displacement mechanism; 5. Synchronization frame; 6. Detection mechanism; 401. Hinge pile; 402. Vertical cylinder; 403. Sliding rod; 404. Rotating seat; 405. Hinge joint; 406. Pressure detection module; 407. Tie rod; 408. Sliding pile; 409. Gripper; 410. Slide groove; 411. Limiting protrusion; 601. Connecting plate; 602. Anchor target; 603. First conductive block; 604. Fixing frame; 605. Limiting cylinder; 606. Electric telescopic rod; 607. Elastic rod; 608. Limiting frame; 609. Laser displacement detection module; 610. Second conductive block. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] Example 1: Please refer to Figure 1-5 The present invention provides a technical solution: a cold heading equipment for fastener processing, including a fixed beam 1 and a control module. The fixed beam 1 is provided with a hinge hole, and a hinge column 2 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the hinge hole. A hinge sleeve 3 is hinged to the outer wall of the hinge column 2, and a displacement mechanism 4 is provided on the front side of the hinge sleeve 3.

[0039] The displacement mechanism 4 includes a hinged pile 401, which is hinged to the outer wall of the hinged sleeve 3 on the side near the fixed beam 1. A vertical cylinder 402 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the hinged pile 401. A sliding pile 408 and a gripper 409 are provided on the lower side of the vertical cylinder 402. The gripper 409 is used to displace the fastener. A sliding rod 403 that can move up and down is provided inside the vertical cylinder 402. A pressure detection module 406 and a hinge joint 405 are provided on the upper side of the sliding rod 403. Module 406 is used to detect the pressure between the hinge joint 405 and the sliding rod 403. The pressure detection module 406 is electrically connected to the control module. Three sets of displacement mechanisms 4 are provided on the front side of the fixed beam 1. Synchronization frames 5 are provided on the outer side of the three sets of displacement mechanisms 4. The inner wall of the synchronization frame 5 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the vertical cylinder 402. The upper and lower ends of the vertical cylinder 402 extend to the upper side and the lower side of the synchronization frame 5, respectively. The synchronization frame 5 is used to limit and synchronize the movement of the three sets of displacement mechanisms 4.

[0040] The upper inner wall of the vertical cylinder 402 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the sliding rod 403. The upper end of the sliding rod 403 extends to the outside of the vertical cylinder 402, and the upper end of the sliding rod 403 is rotatably connected to a rotating seat 404 via a bearing. A hinge joint 405 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the rotating seat 404. The upper end of the sliding rod 403 is rotatably connected to the lower side of the pressure detection module 406 via a bearing. The upper side of the pressure detection module 406 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the rotating seat 404. The lower inner wall of the vertical cylinder 402 is slidably connected to the upper side of the sliding pile 408. The lower side of the sliding pile 408 is connected to the gripper 409. The upper end is hinged, and sliding windows are provided on the side walls of the vertical cylinder 402 and the hinged pile 401. The outer wall of the sliding rod 403 extends to the outside of the sliding window and is hinged to the pull rod 407. The lower end of the pull rod 407 is hinged to the outer wall of the gripper 409. The upper side of the sliding pile 408 is a rod-shaped structure, and the upper side of the sliding pile 408 is inserted into the inside of the vertical cylinder 402. The side wall of the sliding pile 408 is provided with a sliding groove 410. The inner wall of the vertical cylinder 402 is provided with a limiting protrusion 411 located inside the sliding groove 410. The limiting protrusion 411 is used to limit the sliding pile 408 to slide slightly up and down inside the vertical cylinder 402.

[0041] During installation, the fixed beam 1 should be fixedly connected to the frame of the cold heading equipment, and the heading die hole of the cold heading machine should be located on the moving path of the gripper 409. The two reciprocating power sources on the cold heading machine should be hinged to the upper side of the hinge sleeve 3 and the hinge joint 405 respectively. The cold heading equipment is hinged to the hinge joint 405 using the upper power source, and a rear power source is set on the rear side of the hinge sleeve 3 so that the hinge sleeve 3 can reciprocate at the hinge column 2 on the fixed beam 1, thereby driving the hinge sleeve 3 to reciprocate in the left and right direction and the hinge joint 405 to reciprocate in the up and down direction.

[0042] In application, when the rear power drives the front side of the hinge sleeve 3 to deflect to the left, the gripper 409 in the shifting mechanism 4 moves to the left to the position where the fastener is to be clamped. Then, the upper power pushes the hinge joint 405 downward, causing the sliding rod 403 to push the pull rod 407 downward, thus achieving the clamping of the fastener by the gripper 409. Subsequently, the rear power reverses and drives the hinge sleeve 3 to deflect to the right, causing the fastener to move to the next upsetting die hole. After the fastener moves to the right upsetting die hole, the upsetting die punch of the cold upsetting machine squeezes the fastener into the upsetting die hole. At the same time, the upper power moves in the opposite direction to pull the hinge joint 405 upward, causing the sliding rod 403 to rise and release the gripper 409 from the fastener, thus releasing the fastener and facilitating the next reciprocating movement gripping. The gripper 409 can achieve accurate shifting, clamping and releasing actions, completing one cycle of cold upsetting.

[0043] By applying power from the upper side to the hinge joint 405 and power from the rear side to the hinge sleeve 3, the hinge sleeve 3 is reciprocated and deflected, which drives the gripper 409 to move. This achieves synchronous clamping and release of the fastener by the shifting mechanism 4, completing the cyclic cold heading process of the fastener and ensuring accurate and reliable clamping and positioning during the processing.

[0044] Example 2: Please refer to Figure 1-5 Based on Embodiment 1, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0045] A detection mechanism 6 is provided on the right side of the fixed beam 1. The detection mechanism 6 includes a connecting assembly and a laser displacement detection module 609 on the connecting assembly. The laser displacement detection module 609 is electrically connected to the control module and is used to detect the position of the synchronization frame 5. The connecting assembly includes a connecting plate 601. An anchor target 602 is fixedly connected to the upper right side of the connecting plate 601, and a first conductive block 603 is fixedly connected to the lower right side of the connecting plate 601. A fixing frame 604 is fixedly connected to the right side of the fixed beam 1. A limiting cylinder 605 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the right side of the fixing frame 604. An electric telescopic rod 606 is fixedly connected to the rear side of the inner wall of the limiting cylinder 605. An elastic rod 607 is fixedly connected to the front end of the electric telescopic rod 606. A limiting frame 608 is fixedly connected to the front end of the elastic rod 607. The front side of the limiting frame 608 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the laser displacement detection module 609. A second conductive block 610 is fixedly connected to the front side of the outer wall of the fixed beam 1. The outer wall of the connecting plate 601 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the synchronization frame 5. The first conductive block 603 moves synchronously with the synchronization frame 5. The second conductive block 610 is located to the right of the moving path of the first conductive block 603. After the first conductive block 603 and the second conductive block 610 come into contact, the control module starts the laser displacement detection module 609.

[0046] The cold heading equipment uses the detection mechanism 6 to monitor the reset accuracy of the synchronization frame 5. After completing one cold heading cycle, the synchronization frame 5 returns to its original position with the shifting mechanism 4, driving the first conductive block 603 back to the position of the second conductive block 610 on the right side of the fixed beam 1. When the first conductive block 603 contacts the second conductive block 610, an energizing signal is generated. After receiving the signal, the control module presets a short delay to allow the equipment to avoid the mechanical impact and vibration generated at the moment of reset. After the delay, the control module starts the laser displacement detection module 609 to perform laser ranging on the anchor target 602 on the connecting plate 601 to determine whether the reset position of the synchronization frame 5 has shifted. This allows the device to ensure the stability and reliability of the detection signal while avoiding the vibration interference at the moment of reset, thereby achieving accurate monitoring of the reset accuracy of the synchronization frame 5.

[0047] After the first conductive block 603 contacts the limiting contact 610, the control module delays and starts the laser displacement detection module 609 to detect the anchor target 602, effectively avoiding the impact vibration generated at the moment of the synchronous frame 5 reset, and ensuring the accuracy and stability of the reset position detection.

[0048] Example 3: Please refer to Figure 1-7 Based on Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2, the present invention provides the following technical solution: the elastic rod 607 is a rod-shaped structure made of elastic metal material, the rear end of the limiting frame 608 and the rear front end of the electric telescopic rod 606 are chamfered, the rear outer wall of the limiting frame 608 and the rear outer wall of the electric telescopic rod 606 are in contact with the inner wall of the limiting cylinder 605, and the outer wall of the elastic rod 607 is not in contact with the inner wall of the limiting cylinder 605;

[0049] The cold heading equipment reduces the vibration impact during reset through a buffer assembly. When the synchronization frame 5 disengages from the second conductive block 610, the electric telescopic rod 606 drives the elastic rod 607 and the limiting frame 608 to move forward relative to the limiting cylinder 605. Since the outer wall of the elastic rod 607 does not contact the inner wall of the limiting cylinder 605, and both the electric telescopic rod 606 and the limiting frame 608 are separated from the limiting cylinder 605 at this time, and the elastic rod 607 is a flexible metal rod structure, the instantaneous impact vibration during the high-speed movement or reset of the synchronization frame 5 will... The elastic deformation of the elastic rod 607 absorbs the vibration, preventing it from being directly transmitted to the laser displacement detection module 609 and reducing the risk of damage. After the synchronization frame 5 is reset, the electric telescopic rod 606 retracts, causing the elastic rod 607 and the limiting frame 608 to retract back into the limiting cylinder 605. At this time, the chamfered outer wall of the limiting frame 608 is tightly fitted with the inner wall of the limiting cylinder 605, forming a stable support and ensuring that the laser displacement detection module 609 can perform measurements in a stable environment. Through this embodiment, the unity of vibration buffering and detection stability can be achieved.

[0050] The buffer assembly, consisting of the electric telescopic rod 606, the elastic rod 607, and the limiting frame 608, absorbs vibration and impact during the movement and reset of the synchronous frame 5. After the reset is completed, it forms a stable support, protecting the laser displacement detection module 609 and improving the detection reliability.

[0051] Example 4: Please refer to Figure 1-7 Based on Embodiments 1, 2, and 3, this invention provides a technical solution: The cold heading equipment uses a pressure detection module 406 to assist in judging the reset deviation of the synchronization frame 5. When the reset position of the synchronization frame 5 is accurate, the upper power pushes the hinge joint 405 down, and the sliding rod 403 slides smoothly along the vertical direction of the vertical cylinder 402. The pressure value detected by the pressure detection module 406 remains within the normal range. If there is a deviation in the reset position of the synchronization frame 5, the upper power source will generate a lateral offset force when pushing the hinge joint 405 down, causing the sliding rod 403 to shift laterally during the pressing process, significantly increasing the friction between it and the vertical cylinder 402. The pressure detection module 406 detects the abnormally increased pressure value, and the control module judges whether the synchronization frame 5 has a reset deviation based on this, and complements the detection result of the laser displacement detection module 609 to achieve a dual detection mechanism. Through this embodiment, the reset accuracy can be monitored in real time during equipment operation, improving fault warning and safety.

[0052] The pressure detection module 406 monitors the pressure change between the sliding rod 403 and the vertical cylinder 402 in real time. When the synchronous frame 5 deviates from its reset, an abnormal pressure is generated. This forms a complementary detection with the laser displacement detection module 609, realizing dual judgment and timely warning of reset deviation, and improving the safety of equipment operation.

[0053] A cold heading process for fastener processing includes the following steps:

[0054] Step 1: Install the fixed beam 1 on the upper side of the upsetting die hole of the cold upsetting machine to ensure that the fastener blank can be clamped by the gripper 409 after it pops out of the upsetting die hole. By hinge deflection of the hinge sleeve 3 at the hinge column 2, the shifting mechanism 4 is shifted as a whole, so that the gripper 409 moves to the blank on the left side.

[0055] Step 2: The upper power is applied to the hinge joint 405, which drives the sliding rod 403 to move downward and press the pull rod 407, so that the gripper 409 clamps and fixes the blank under the guidance of the hinge post 401 and the vertical cylinder 402.

[0056] Step 3: Drive the rear power to deflect the hinge sleeve 3 to the right and reset it, so that the blank moves synchronously with the gripper 409 to the front side of the right upsetting die hole, and is formed by the extrusion of the cold upsetting punch.

[0057] Step 4: Drive the cold heading punch to press and extrude the blank to form it. During this process, the upper power synchronously pulls the hinge joint 405 in the opposite direction, which drives the sliding rod 403 and the sliding pile 408 to move upward, so that the gripper 409 releases the blank and completes the forming.

[0058] Step 5: During the reset process, the synchronization frame 5 drives the first conductive block 603 to contact the second conductive block 610. After a delay, the control module starts the laser displacement detection module 609 to detect the position of the anchor target 602. Combined with the electric telescopic rod 606, elastic rod 607, and limit frame 608, the vibration at the moment of reset is buffered and stabilized to ensure detection accuracy.

[0059] Step 6: If the laser displacement detection module 609 detects an abnormal position of the anchor target 602, or the pressure detection module 406 detects an abnormal increase in pressure between the sliding rod 403 and the vertical cylinder 402, then the synchronization frame 5 is determined to have a reset deviation, and an abnormal signal is output to the control module to realize a deviation warning and enter the next cycle.

[0060] This solution provides a cold heading equipment and process for fastener processing, comprising a fixed beam 1, a hinge column 2, a hinge sleeve 3, a shifting mechanism 4, a synchronization frame 5, and a detection mechanism 6. During operation, upper power acts on the hinge joint 405, driving the sliding rod 403 to move up and down, in conjunction with the pull rod 407, causing the gripper 409 to clamp and release the fastener under the guidance of the hinge post 401 and the vertical cylinder 402. Simultaneously, rear power drives the hinge sleeve 3 to reciprocate at the hinge column 2, causing the shifting mechanism 4 and the gripper 409 to move synchronously to complete the shifting and resetting of the fastener. During the process of the cold heading punch extruding the blank for plastic forming, the upper power pulls the hinge joint 405 in the opposite direction, releasing the gripper 409, thus completing one cycle of processing. To ensure resetting accuracy, the equipment is equipped with a synchronization frame 5 connected to the first conductive block 603 and a limit contact 610. Upon contact triggering, the control module delays and then activates the laser displacement detection module 609 to detect the anchor target 602. Combined with a buffer mechanism consisting of the electric telescopic rod 606, elastic rod 607, and limiting frame 608, it absorbs the instantaneous vibration during reset, achieving high-precision and stable detection. During reset, if there is a deviation in the synchronization frame 5, when the upper power presses down on the hinge joint 405, the friction between the sliding rod 403 and the vertical cylinder 402 increases abnormally. The pressure detection module 406 can monitor the pressure change in real time and feed back the reset deviation signal to the control module, complementing the laser displacement detection to achieve dual judgment and early warning of reset deviation. Through this scheme, the equipment can achieve precise displacement and release of the grippers, synchronization of cold heading and reset actions, vibration buffering and stable detection, and multi-level monitoring of reset deviation, thereby improving the forming accuracy, reliability, and safety of fastener processing.

[0061] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0062] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cold heading machine for fastener machining, comprising a fixed beam (1) and a control module, characterized in that: The fixed beam (1) has a hinge hole, and a hinge column (2) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the hinge hole. A hinge sleeve (3) is hinged to the outer wall of the hinge column (2). A displacement mechanism (4) is provided on the front side of the hinge sleeve (3). The hinge sleeve (3) is used to support the displacement mechanism (4) to move back and forth in the left and right directions. The displacement mechanism (4) includes a hinged pile (401), which is hinged to the outer wall of the hinged sleeve (3) on the side near the fixed beam (1). A vertical cylinder (402) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the hinged pile (401). A sliding pile (408) and a clamp (409) are provided on the lower side of the vertical cylinder (402). The clamp (409) is used to displace the fastener. Three sets of shifting mechanisms (4) are provided on the front side of the fixed beam (1), and a synchronization frame (5) is provided on the outer side of the three sets of shifting mechanisms (4). The inner wall of the synchronization frame (5) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the vertical tube (402), and the upper and lower ends of the vertical tube (402) extend to the upper and lower sides of the synchronization frame (5) respectively. The vertical cylinder (402) is provided with a sliding rod (403) that can move up and down. A pressure detection module (406) and a hinge joint (405) are provided on the upper side of the sliding rod (403). The pressure detection module (406) is used to detect the pressure between the hinge joint (405) and the sliding rod (403). The pressure detection module (406) is electrically connected to the control module. The upper inner wall of the vertical cylinder (402) is slidably connected to the outer wall of the sliding rod (403). The upper end of the sliding rod (403) extends to the outside of the vertical cylinder (402), and the upper end of the sliding rod (403) is rotatably connected to a rotating seat (404) via a bearing. A hinge joint (405) is fixedly connected to the upper side of the rotating seat (404). The upper end of the sliding rod (403) is rotatably connected to the lower side of the pressure detection module (406) via a bearing. The upper side of the 6) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the rotating seat (404), the lower inner wall of the vertical cylinder (402) is slidably connected to the upper side of the sliding pile (408), the lower side of the sliding pile (408) is hinged to the upper end of the clamp (409), the side walls of the vertical cylinder (402) and the hinged pile (401) are provided with sliding windows, the outer wall of the sliding rod (403) extends to the outside of the sliding window and is hinged to a pull rod (407), the lower end of the pull rod (407) is hinged to the outer wall of the clamp (409); The upper side of the sliding pile (408) is a rod-shaped structure, and the upper side of the sliding pile (408) is inserted into the inside of the vertical cylinder (402). The side wall of the sliding pile (408) is provided with a sliding groove (410). The inner wall of the vertical cylinder (402) is provided with a limiting protrusion (411) inside the sliding groove (410). The limiting protrusion (411) is used to limit the sliding pile (408) to slide slightly up and down inside the vertical cylinder (402). A detection mechanism (6) is provided on the right side of the fixed beam (1). The detection mechanism (6) includes a connecting component and a laser displacement detection module (609) on the connecting component. The laser displacement detection module (609) is electrically connected to the control module. The laser displacement detection module (609) is used to detect the position of the displacement mechanism (4). The connecting assembly includes a connecting plate (601), an anchor target (602) is fixedly connected to the upper right side of the connecting plate (601), a first conductive block (603) is fixedly connected to the lower right side of the connecting plate (601), the outer wall of the connecting plate (601) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the synchronization frame (5), the first conductive block (603) moves synchronously with the synchronization frame (5), a second conductive block (610) is located to the right of the movement path of the first conductive block (603), and a fixing frame (604) is fixedly connected to the right side of the fixing beam (1). The right inner wall of the fixed frame (604) is fixedly connected to a limiting cylinder (605), the rear side of the inner wall of the limiting cylinder (605) is fixedly connected to an electric telescopic rod (606), the front end of the electric telescopic rod (606) is fixedly connected to an elastic rod (607), the front end of the elastic rod (607) is fixedly connected to a limiting frame (608), the front side of the limiting frame (608) is fixedly connected to the upper side of the laser displacement detection module (609), and the front side of the outer wall of the fixed beam (1) is fixedly connected to a second conductive block (610). Both the first conductive block (603) and the second conductive block (610) are electrically connected to the control module, and the control module starts the laser displacement detection module (609) after the first conductive block (603) and the second conductive block (610) come into contact.

2. A cold heading apparatus for fastener machining according to claim 1, characterized by: The elastic rod (607) is a rod-shaped structure made of elastic metal. The rear end of the limiting frame (608) and the rear end of the electric telescopic rod (606) are chamfered. The rear outer wall of the limiting frame (608) and the rear outer wall of the electric telescopic rod (606) are in contact with the inner wall of the limiting cylinder (605). The outer wall of the elastic rod (607) is not in contact with the inner wall of the limiting cylinder (605).

3. A cold heading apparatus for fastener machining according to claim 1, characterized by: The synchronization frame (5) is used to synchronize and limit the movement of the three sets of shifting mechanisms (4). The synchronization frame (5) is a hollow structure.

4. A cold heading process for fastener machining, the cold heading apparatus for fastener machining according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by: The steps include the following: Step 1: Install the fixed beam (1) on the upper side of the upsetting die hole of the cold upsetting machine so that the fastener blank can be clamped by the jaw (409) after it pops out of the upsetting die hole. By the hinge deflection of the hinge sleeve (3) at the hinge column (2), the shifting mechanism (4) is shifted as a whole, so that the jaw (409) moves to the blank on the left side. Step 2: The upper power is applied to the hinge joint (405), which drives the sliding rod (403) to move downward and press the pull rod (407), so that the gripper (409) clamps and fixes the blank under the guidance of the hinge post (401) and the vertical tube (402); Step 3: Drive the rear power drive hinge sleeve (3) to drive the gripper (409) to deflect and reset to the right, so that the blank moves synchronously with the gripper (409) to the front side of the right upsetting die hole and is formed by the extrusion of the cold upsetting punch. Step 4: Drive the cold heading punch to press and extrude the blank to form it. During this process, the upper power synchronously pulls the hinge joint (405) in the opposite direction, which drives the sliding rod (403) and the sliding pile (408) to move upward, so that the gripper (409) releases the blank and completes the forming. Step 5: During the reset process, the synchronization frame (5) drives the first conductive block (603) to contact the second conductive block (610). After a delay, the control module starts the laser displacement detection module (609) to detect the position of the anchor target (602), and combines the electric telescopic rod (606), elastic rod (607), and limit frame (608) to buffer the vibration at the moment of reset. Step 6: If the laser displacement detection module (609) detects an abnormal position of the anchor target (602), or the pressure detection module (406) detects an abnormal increase in pressure between the sliding rod (403) and the vertical cylinder (402), then the synchronization frame (5) is determined to be in a reset deviation, and an abnormal signal is output to the control module to realize the deviation warning and enter the next cycle.

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