Non-power / micro-power low-humidity micro-aerobic fermentation light and simplified equipment easy to operate

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fermentation, and particularly discloses non / micro-power easy-to-operate low-humidity micro-aerobic fermentation light and simplified equipment, which comprises a fermentation main body module for accommodating a straw compost material and providing a fermentation environment; the material and fungus backflow module is used for uniformly distributing active microorganisms generated in the fermentation process into the compost material to ensure the stable fermentation effect; the condensate water backflow module is used for collecting and utilizing condensate water generated in the fermentation process to realize cyclic utilization of water resources; the critical moisture regulation and control module is used for accurately controlling the moisture content in the straw composting process, ensuring the microbial activity and improving the fermentation efficiency; a material and fungus backflow system is designed, so that the stable fermentation effect is ensured, and simplified management of straw compost is realized; through critical moisture regulation and control and condensate water backflow technologies, the adaptability of straw compost in a low-humidity environment is enhanced, and it is ensured that the fermentation process is stable and efficient.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of fermentation, in particular to a low-humidity micro-aerobic fermentation light and simple equipment with no / micro power and easy operation. BACKGROUND

[0002] Straw composting is an important way of agricultural waste resource utilization, which can convert straw into organic fertilizer, reduce environmental pollution and improve soil fertility. As a major byproduct of agricultural production, straw has a huge output, but for a long time, the main treatment method of straw is burning, which not only wastes resources, but also causes serious pollution to the environment. In recent years, with the enhancement of environmental protection consciousness and the demand for sustainable development of agriculture, straw composting technology has gradually attracted attention. However, traditional straw composting technology has many problems in practical application, such as long fermentation period, high energy consumption, complex operation, low fermentation efficiency, and poor adaptability to low-humidity environment.

[0003] Although straw composting technology has important significance and value, traditional straw composting technology has many problems in practical application, which limits its popularization and application. The limitations of traditional straw composting technology are analyzed from the aspects of technology, economy, environment, etc.; such as long fermentation period, high energy consumption, complex operation, low fermentation efficiency, poor adaptability to low-humidity environment;

[0004] Similarly, the problems of natural composting technology mainly include long fermentation period, low fermentation efficiency, and poor adaptability to low-humidity environment;

[0005] And the problems of mechanical assisted composting technology mainly include high energy consumption, complex operation, water and heat loss, etc.

[0006] In summary, straw composting technology is an important way of agricultural waste resource utilization, which has important significance and value. However, traditional straw composting technology has many problems in practical application, such as long fermentation period, high energy consumption, complex operation, low fermentation efficiency, etc. Especially in low-humidity environment, the fermentation process of straw is often difficult to start or maintain, resulting in unsatisfactory composting effect. Existing research mainly focuses on improving the efficiency and practicability of straw composting technology by improving the adaptability to low-humidity environment, accurately controlling the critical moisture, returning the material and bacteria, designing no / micro power, and simplifying the operation. SUMMARY

[0007] The purpose of the present application is to provide a low-humidity micro-aerobic fermentation light and simple equipment with no / micro power and easy operation to solve the problems in the above background.

[0008] The purpose of the present application can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0009] A low-humidity micro-oxygen fermentation light and simple equipment with no / micro-power and easy operation, comprising:

[0010] A fermentation main module for containing straw compost materials and providing a fermentation environment;

[0011] A material-microbe reflux module for uniformly distributing active microorganisms generated during the fermentation process to the compost materials and ensuring stable fermentation effect;

[0012] A condensed water reflux module for collecting and utilizing condensed water generated during the fermentation process to realize recycling of water resources;

[0013] A critical moisture content regulating module for accurately controlling the moisture content during the straw composting process and ensuring microbial activity.

[0014] As a further scheme of the present application, the fermentation main module is designed as a double-layer structure, the inner layer being a fermentation bin and the outer layer being a heat preservation layer.

[0015] As a further scheme of the present application, the fermentation bin is made of corrosion-resistant and high-temperature-resistant materials; and the heat preservation layer is made of heat insulation materials.

[0016] As a further scheme of the present application, the material-microbe reflux module comprises a reflux pipeline and a distributor, and the material-microbe reflux module realizes automatic operation through gravity.

[0017] As a further scheme of the present application, the reflux pipeline is connected to the bottom and top of the fermentation bin for refluxing active microorganisms generated during the fermentation process to the compost materials, and the distributor is designed as a porous structure to uniformly distribute the material-microbes.

[0018] As a further scheme of the present application, the condensed water reflux module comprises a condensed water collector, a filtering device and a reflux pipeline; and the condensed water reflux module realizes automatic operation through gravity.

[0019] As a further scheme of the present application, the condensed water collector is located at the top of the fermentation bin for collecting condensed water generated during the fermentation process; the filtering device is used for removing impurities in the condensed water; and the reflux pipeline re-introduces the condensed water into the fermentation bin.

[0020] As a further scheme of the present application, the working method of the low-humidity micro-oxygen fermentation light and simple equipment is as follows:

[0021] Step one: straw pretreatment and loading;

[0022] The straw is cut to a length of about 5-10 cm, the cut straw is mixed with fermentation agents in proportion, and the mixed straw materials are uniformly loaded into the fermentation bin of the fermentation main module;

[0023] Step two: fermentation start and micro-oxygen control

[0024] The micro-porous ventilation structure of the fermentation main module provides oxygen; the oxygen concentration Co2 in the fermentation bin is monitored, and the oxygen concentration is controlled by adjusting the opening of the micro-porous ventilation structure;

[0025] Step three: material and bacteria backflow and distribution

[0026] The active microorganisms at the bottom of the fermentation bin are backflowed to the top through the backflow pipeline of the material and bacteria backflow module; the active microorganisms are uniformly distributed into the compost material through the porous structure of the distributor;

[0027] Step four: condensate water collection and backflow

[0028] The condensate water generated at the top of the fermentation bin is collected by the condensate water collector; impurities in the condensate water are removed by the filtering device; the condensate water is reintroduced into the fermentation bin through the backflow pipeline to supplement the moisture of the compost material;

[0029] Step five: critical moisture regulation

[0030] The moisture content M of the compost material is monitored in real time by the moisture sensor, and the water supplementing device is controlled.

[0031] As a further scheme of the present application: in step five: when the moisture content M is lower than the critical value, the water supplementing device is started to supplement water;

[0032] When the moisture content M is higher than the critical value, the water supplementing device is stopped.

[0033] As a further scheme of the present application: in step one, the mass ratio of straw to bacterial agent is 100:1.

[0034] Advantages of the present application:

[0035] In the present application, by adopting no / micro-power design, the fermentation process is automatically operated through natural convection, gravity action and condensate water backflow mechanism, thereby reducing energy consumption and cost; through the condensate water backflow and material and bacteria backflow technology, the critical moisture in the straw composting process is accurately regulated, the microbial activity is ensured, and the fermentation efficiency is improved; the material and bacteria backflow system is designed to uniformly distribute the active microorganisms generated in the fermentation process into the compost material, thereby ensuring stable fermentation effect;

[0036] Through the condensate water collection and backflow system, the condensate water generated in the fermentation process is reused, water resources are recycled, and waste is reduced; the modular design is adopted to simplify the operation process, reduce the frequency of manual intervention, and realize the simple management of straw composting; through the critical moisture regulation and condensate water backflow technology, the adaptability of straw composting in low-humidity environment is enhanced, and the fermentation process is stable and efficient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0037] The application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0038] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the device structure of the application;

[0039] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the working method flow of the application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the application, rather than all the embodiments of the application. Based on the embodiments in the application, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the application.

[0041] Embodiment one

[0042] Please refer to Figure 1 The application is a low-humidity and low-oxygen fermentation simplified equipment with no / micro power and easy operation, which comprises the following modules:

[0043] The fermentation main module is used for containing straw compost materials and providing a fermentation environment.

[0044] The material-microbe reflux module is used for uniformly distributing active microorganisms generated in the fermentation process to the compost materials, so as to ensure stable fermentation effect.

[0045] The condensed water reflux module is used for collecting and utilizing the condensed water generated in the fermentation process, so as to realize the recycling of water resources.

[0046] The critical moisture content control module is used for accurately controlling the moisture content in the straw composting process, so as to ensure the activity of microorganisms.

[0047] The automation operation of the fermentation process is realized through mechanisms such as natural convection and gravity effect, so as to reduce energy consumption and cost.

[0048] Through the modular design and the automatic control system, the operation process is simplified, and the frequency of manual intervention is reduced.

[0049] Among them, the detailed technical solutions about the design and functional characteristics of each module are as follows:

[0050] The fermentation main module:

[0051] Structure design: The fermentation main module adopts a double-layer structure, with the inner layer being the fermentation bin and the outer layer being the insulation layer. The fermentation bin is made of corrosion-resistant and high-temperature-resistant materials to ensure that it will not be damaged due to corrosion or high temperature during the fermentation process. The insulation layer uses heat-insulating materials to reduce heat loss and maintain the fermentation temperature;

[0052] Functional features: The fermentation main module provides a closed fermentation environment. Through the design of micro-oxygen (such as a micro-porous ventilation structure), it ensures the appropriate supply of oxygen during the fermentation process, avoiding the production of foul-smelling gases during anaerobic fermentation;

[0053] Material and bacteria backflow module:

[0054] Structure design: The material and bacteria backflow module includes a backflow pipeline, a pumping device (optional), and a distributor. The backflow pipeline connects the bottom and top of the fermentation bin, used to backflow the active microorganisms produced during the fermentation process to the compost material. The distributor is designed as a porous structure to ensure uniform distribution of the material and bacteria;

[0055] Functional features: Through the material and bacteria backflow module, the active microorganisms produced during the fermentation process are redistributed to the compost material, ensuring stable fermentation results and avoiding incomplete fermentation in some areas;

[0056] Condensed water backflow module:

[0057] Structure design: The condensed water backflow module includes a condensed water collector, a filtering device, and a backflow pipeline. The condensed water collector is located at the top of the fermentation bin, used to collect the condensed water produced during the fermentation process. The filtering device is used to remove impurities in the condensed water, ensuring the cleanliness of the backflow water. The backflow pipeline reintroduces the condensed water into the fermentation bin;

[0058] Functional features: Through the condensed water backflow module, water resources are recycled, reducing water and heat loss, and ensuring stable water supply during the fermentation process;

[0059] Critical moisture content regulation module:

[0060] Structure design: The critical moisture content regulation module includes a moisture sensor, a control unit, and a water supplementing device. The moisture sensor is installed inside the fermentation bin to monitor the moisture content of the compost material in real time. The control unit adjusts the working state of the water supplementing device based on the data from the moisture sensor;

[0061] Functional features: Through the critical moisture content regulation module, the moisture content during the straw composting process is accurately controlled, ensuring microbial activity and avoiding problems of excessive or insufficient moisture;

[0062] The above device modules collectively realize non-micro power operation and simplified operation:

[0063] Specifically, regarding non-micro power operation:

[0064] Structure design: The natural convection and gravity mechanism is adopted in the no / micro-power operation module to reduce the dependence on external power. For example, the material and bacteria reflux module and the condensed water reflux module realize automatic operation through gravity without additional power;

[0065] Functional features: Through the no / micro-power operation module, the energy consumption and cost of the straw composting process are reduced, which is especially suitable for remote areas or resource-limited scenarios;

[0066] Regarding the light and simple operation:

[0067] Structure design: The light and simple operation module includes an automatic control system and a modular design. The automatic control system realizes automatic management of the fermentation process through sensors and control units, reducing manual intervention. The modular design makes each module easy to install, disassemble, and maintain;

[0068] Functional features: Through the light and simple operation module, the operation process is simplified, the frequency of manual intervention is reduced, and the light and simple management of straw composting is realized;

[0069] Example two

[0070] Based on the above examples, this example is based on the critical moisture content of material and bacteria reflux and condensation of the straw self-fermentation system, which realizes efficient, energy-saving, and light and simple operation of straw composting. The specific process includes the following steps:

[0071] 1. Straw pretreatment and loading;

[0072] 2. Fermentation start and micro-oxygen control;

[0073] 3. Material and bacteria reflux and distribution;

[0074] 4. Condensed water collection and reflux;

[0075] 5. Critical moisture content regulation;

[0076] 6. No / micro-power operation control;

[0077] 7. Light and simple operation and automatic management;

[0078] Specifically:

[0079] Step one: Straw pretreatment and loading

[0080] Physical steps:

[0081] 2. Cut the straw to a length of about 5-10 cm to increase the surface area for microbial decomposition;

[0082] 3. Mix the cut straw with the fermentation inoculant in proportion (such as a mass ratio of straw to inoculant of 100:1);

[0083] 4. The mixed straw material is evenly loaded into the fermentation bin of the fermentation main module to ensure uniform distribution of the material;

[0084] Mathematical model:

[0085] The mass ratio R of straw to microbial agent is:

[0086] R = m 秸秆 / m 菌剂 ;

[0087] Where m 秸秆 is the mass of straw, and m 菌剂 is the mass of microbial agent;

[0088] Step two: fermentation start and micro-oxygen control

[0089] Physical steps:

[0090] 1. Start the micro-porous ventilation structure of the fermentation main module to provide an appropriate amount of oxygen and ensure appropriate oxygen supply during the fermentation process;

[0091] 2. Monitor the oxygen concentration Co2 in the fermentation bin, and control the oxygen concentration within the appropriate range by adjusting the opening of the micro-porous ventilation structure;

[0092] Mathematical model:

[0093] The control formula of oxygen concentration Co2 is:

[0094] Co2 = k·A;

[0095] Where k is the oxygen supply coefficient, and A is the opening of the micro-porous ventilation structure;

[0096] Step three: material-microbial backflow and distribution

[0097] Physical steps:

[0098] 3. Through the backflow pipeline of the material-microbial backflow module, the active microorganisms at the bottom of the fermentation bin are backflowed to the top;

[0099] 4. Through the multi-hole structure of the distributor, the active microorganisms are evenly distributed into the compost material;

[0100] Mathematical model:

[0101] The material-microbial backflow rate Q is:

[0102] Q = V 回流 / t

[0103] Where V 回流 is the backflow volume, and t is the backflow time;

[0104] Step four: condensate water collection and backflow

[0105] Physical steps:

[0106] 1. Collecting condensate water generated at the top of the fermentation bin through a condensate water collector;

[0107] 2. Removing impurities in the condensate water through a filtering device to ensure the cleanliness of the backflow water;

[0108] 3. Reintroducing the condensate water into the fermentation bin through a backflow pipeline to supplement the moisture of the composting material;

[0109] Mathematical model:

[0110] The amount of condensate water collected W is:

[0111] W = p V 冷凝水

[0112] where p is the density of water, and V 冷凝水 is the volume of condensate water;

[0113] Step five: critical moisture control

[0114] Physical steps:

[0115] 4. Real-time monitoring of the moisture content M of the composting material through a moisture sensor;

[0116] 5. When the moisture content M is below the critical value (e.g., M < 50%), start the water supplementing device to supplement moisture;

[0117] 6. When the moisture content M is above the critical value (e.g., M > 60%), stop the water supplementing device;

[0118] Mathematical model:

[0119] The control formula for the moisture content M is:

[0120] M = m 水 / m 总

[0121] where m 水 is the moisture mass, and m 总 is the total mass of the composting material;

[0122] Implementation of non / micro-power operation control:

[0123] Physical steps:

[0124] Automated operation of the material and bacteria backflow module and the condensate water backflow module is achieved through gravity, without the need for additional power;

[0125] The temperature and humidity distribution in the fermentation bin is maintained through the natural convection mechanism;

[0126] Mathematical model:

[0127] The backflow rate Qgravity under gravity is:

[0128] Qgravity = g·h·p

[0129] where g is the acceleration of gravity, h is the height difference, and p is the fluid density;

[0130] Realization of light and simple operation and automated management:

[0131] Physical steps:

[0132] 1. Real-time monitoring of temperature (T), humidity (H), oxygen concentration (C02), and moisture content (M) in the fermentation bin through an automated control system;

[0133] 2. Automatic adjustment of the working status of the micro-porous ventilation structure, water replenishment device, and backflow module based on monitoring data;

[0134] 3. Realization of quick installation, disassembly, and maintenance of each module through modular design.

[0135] Mathematical model:

[0136] The logical judgment formula of the automated control system is: if M < 50%, start the water replenishment device; if M > 60%, stop the water replenishment device.

[0137] By adopting non / micro-power design, the fermentation process is automatically operated through natural convection, gravity, and condensate water backflow mechanisms, reducing energy consumption and costs;

[0138] Through condensate water backflow and material-microbe backflow technologies, accurate regulation of critical moisture during the straw composting process is achieved, ensuring microbial activity and improving fermentation efficiency;

[0139] The material-microbe backflow system is designed to evenly distribute active microorganisms produced during the fermentation process to the compost material, ensuring stable fermentation results;

[0140] Through the condensate water collection and backflow system, the condensate water produced during the fermentation process is reused, achieving water resource recycling and reducing waste;

[0141] Modular design is adopted to simplify the operation process, reduce the frequency of manual intervention, and realize light and simple management of straw composting;

[0142] Through critical moisture regulation and condensate water backflow technology, the adaptability of straw composting in low-humidity environments is enhanced, ensuring stable and efficient fermentation processes.

[0143] The above has been described in detail one embodiment of the present application, but the content is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, cannot be considered for limiting the scope of the present application. Any equivalent changes and improvements made in the scope of the present application, should still belong to the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A simplified, low-humidity, micro-aerobic fermentation equipment that requires no or minimal power and is easy to operate, characterized in that: include: Fermentation main module: used to contain straw compost materials and provide a fermentation environment; Material microbial reflux module: used to evenly distribute the active microorganisms generated during fermentation into the compost material to ensure stable fermentation results; Condensate reflux module: used to collect and utilize the condensate generated during fermentation, realizing the recycling of water resources; Critical moisture control module: Used to precisely control the moisture content during straw composting to ensure microbial activity.

2. The simplified equipment for low-humidity micro-aerobic fermentation with no / micro-power and easy operation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fermentation main module is designed with a double-layer structure, with the inner layer being the fermentation chamber and the outer layer being the insulation layer.

3. The simplified equipment for low-humidity micro-aerobic fermentation that is powerless / micro-powered and easy to operate according to claim 2, is characterized in that... The fermentation chamber is made of corrosion-resistant and high-temperature-resistant materials; the insulation layer is made of heat-insulating materials.

4. The simplified equipment for low-humidity micro-aerobic fermentation that is powerless / micro-powered, easy to operate, and conforms to claim 1, is characterized in that... The substrate reflux module includes a reflux pipe and a distributor, and the substrate reflux module achieves automated operation through gravity.

5. The simplified, low-humidity, micro-aerobic fermentation equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The reflux pipe connects the bottom and top of the fermentation chamber and is used to return the active microorganisms generated during the fermentation process to the compost material. The distributor is designed with a porous structure to ensure that the microorganisms are evenly distributed.

6. The simplified equipment for low-humidity micro-aerobic fermentation with no / micro-power and easy operation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The condensate return module includes a condensate collector, a filter, and a return pipe; all condensate return modules operate automatically through gravity.

7. The simplified equipment for low-humidity micro-aerobic fermentation with no / micro-power and easy operation according to claim 6, characterized in that, The condensate collector is located at the top of the fermentation chamber and is used to collect the condensate produced during the fermentation process; the filter device is used to remove impurities from the condensate; and the return pipe reintroduces the condensate into the fermentation chamber.

8. The simplified equipment for low-humidity micro-aerobic fermentation with no / micro-power and easy operation according to claim 4, characterized in that, The working method of the simplified low-humidity micro-aerobic fermentation equipment is as follows: Step 1: Straw pretreatment and loading; Chop the straw into pieces about 5-10cm in length, mix the chopped straw with the fermentation agent in a certain proportion, and evenly pack the mixed straw material into the fermentation chamber of the main fermentation module. Step 2: Fermentation Start-up and Micro-Aerobic Control The microporous ventilation structure of the main fermentation module is activated to provide oxygen; the oxygen concentration (Co2) in the fermentation chamber is monitored, and the oxygen concentration is controlled by adjusting the opening of the microporous ventilation structure. Step 3: Substrate reflux and distribution The active microorganisms at the bottom of the fermentation chamber are returned to the top through the return pipe of the microbial return module; the active microorganisms are evenly distributed into the compost material through the porous structure of the distributor. Step 4: Condensate collection and recirculation The condensate generated at the top of the fermentation chamber is collected by a condensate collector; impurities in the condensate are removed by a filter; and the condensate is reintroduced into the fermentation chamber through a return pipe to replenish the moisture of the compost material. Step 5: Critical Moisture Control The moisture content M of the compost material is monitored in real time by a moisture sensor, and the water replenishment device is controlled accordingly.

9. The simplified equipment for low-humidity micro-aerobic fermentation that is powerless / micro-powered and easy to operate according to claim 8, characterized in that, In step five: when the moisture content M is lower than the critical value, the water replenishment device is activated to replenish the moisture; When the moisture content M is higher than the critical value, the water replenishment device is stopped.

10. The simplified equipment for low-humidity micro-aerobic fermentation that is powerless / micro-powered and easy to operate according to claim 9, characterized in that, In step one, the mass ratio of straw to inoculant is 100:1.

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