Cold deformation process of aluminum alloy and aluminum-based composite forge piece

Abstract

The invention discloses a cold deformation process of an aluminum alloy and aluminum-based composite material forge piece, which belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy and aluminum-based composite material forging, and comprises the following steps: step 1, carrying out solid solution quenching treatment on the forge piece; secondly, cold pressing treatment is conducted on the forge piece; and thirdly, the forge piece is subjected to aging treatment. The method aims at combining cold-pressing destressing and cold-pressing deformation of the forge piece, simplifying a cold-pressing area and reducing loads needed by cold pressing at the same time. Due to the fact that the stress of the web in the solid solution quenching state is small, stress improvement is not needed, the stress of the edge strips and the ribs is only reduced, the tensile stress below the edge strips and the ribs is effectively reduced through cold pressing of the side faces, meanwhile, the edge strips and the ribs are subjected to mold filling upwards, and the effect of integrating stress relief and forming is achieved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy and aluminum matrix composite forging, and particularly relates to a cold deformation process of aluminum alloy and aluminum matrix composite forgings. BACKGROUND

[0002] The residual stress elimination method of aviation aluminum alloy and aluminum matrix composite integral forgings mainly includes a heat treatment method and a mechanical method. The heat treatment stress relief is mainly through atomic movement in the heat treatment process to release the residual stress in the material. The heat treatment method mainly includes stress relief annealing and cold-hot cycle treatment. The heat treatment method is simple to operate and has a small influence on the performance of the material. The mechanical method mainly offsets the influence of the residual stress by applying a certain amount of deformation to the forgings through external stress to redistribute the stress. The mechanical method mainly includes vibration aging and cold deformation. The mechanical method has a short time consumption and good stress relief effect, and is commonly used in the production process of aluminum alloy forgings and thick plates. The above several commonly used residual stress reduction processes have certain applications, but each method has certain limitations. The stress relief annealing has high energy consumption, a long stress relief time, and the aviation aluminum alloy and aluminum matrix composite are usually age-hardened alloys, so the stress relief annealing temperature is generally low, resulting in poor stress relief efficiency. The cold-hot cycle method can eliminate the residual stress generated by the temperature gradient in the heat treatment process, but has limited effect on the residual stress generated by machining. The vibration aging stress relief has a risk of affecting the fatigue life of the material. Although the mechanical stretching and compression method has good stress relief effect, it is difficult to eliminate the residual stress of complex-shaped components. The domestic invention patent "Method for eliminating residual stress of oversized aluminum alloy die forgings after solid solution" uses a whole cold pressing method for stress relief, which requires a large pressure and is prone to the problem of incomplete pressing. The domestic invention patent "Method for reducing residual stress of large complex aluminum alloy die forgings" uses a method of pressing the ribs and the side of the edge strip, which has poor control of metal flow and low forming precision. It is necessary to design a new cold pressing process for aviation aluminum alloy and aluminum matrix composite integral forgings to meet the manufacturing requirements of aviation integral frame beam forgings. SUMMARY

[0003] The application aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provide a cold deformation process of aluminum alloy and aluminum matrix composite forgings, which combines cold pressing stress relief and cold pressing deformation of the forgings, simplifies the cold pressing area, and reduces the load required for cold pressing. The web position has small solid solution quenching stress and does not need to be improved, so only the stress of the edge strip and the rib is reduced, the cold pressing side effectively reduces the tensile stress below the edge strip and the rib, and the edge strip and the rib are filled upward, achieving the effect of stress relief and forming integration.

[0004] The application is implemented by the following technical scheme: A cold deformation process of an aluminum alloy and aluminum matrix composite forging piece, comprising the following steps: Step one, solid solution quenching treatment of the forging piece; Step two, cold pressing treatment of the forging piece; Step three, aging treatment of the forging piece.

[0005] Preferably, in the step one, during the solid solution quenching treatment of the forging piece: the solid solution treatment of the aviation high-strength aluminum alloy and aluminum matrix composite forging piece is carried out according to the corresponding material standard requirements.

[0006] Preferably, in the step one, during the solid solution quenching treatment of the forging piece: the quenching water temperature is set to 50-70 DEG C.

[0007] Preferably, in the step one, during the solid solution quenching treatment of the forging piece: the side of the forging piece is first put into water during quenching.

[0008] Preferably, in the step one, during the cold pressing treatment of the forging piece: the cold pressing treatment is carried out within 3h after quenching of the forging piece.

[0009] Preferably, in the step two, the cold pressing area is the rib and the side wall of the edge strip of the forging piece, and the rib top and the web are not cold pressed.

[0010] Preferably, in the step two, the width variation amount corresponding to the 1 / 2 height position of the rib and the side wall of the edge strip is taken as the cold pressing amount, and the cold pressing amount is controlled to be 2%-3%.

[0011] Preferably, in the step two, the cold pressing amount is controlled to be 2.5%.

[0012] Preferably, in the step three, during the aging treatment of the forging piece: the aging treatment is carried out within 3h after cold pressing, and the aging system is carried out according to the corresponding material standard requirements of each material.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages and beneficial effects: Firstly, the cold deformation process of the aluminum alloy and aluminum matrix composite forging piece provided by the present application simplifies the cold pressing area and improves the cold pressing efficiency by only cold pressing the rib and the side wall of the edge strip and the fillet, and not pressing the rib top and the web and other positions. Secondly, the present application controls the cold pressing deformation to be transmitted along the rib and the edge strip by symmetrically cold pressing the two sides of the rib and the edge strip, and prevents the deformation transmission from being caused by single-side cold pressing of the forging piece. Thirdly, the present application transmits the cold pressing force to the core of the forging piece by cold pressing the rib and the side wall of the edge strip and the fillet, and simultaneously makes the metal flow in the height direction, thereby improving the stress distribution of the rib and the edge strip and reducing the residual stress of the forging piece. The present application has good residual stress elimination effect (the residual stress value of the forging piece is reduced from more than 280MPa to less than 150MPa), small load, and is easy to implement, and can be expanded to other similar aluminum alloy and aluminum matrix composite frame-shaped forging pieces with rib and web.

[0014] Secondly, the cold deformation process of the aluminum alloy and aluminum matrix composite forging provided by the application combines cold pressing stress relief and cold deformation, simplifies the cold pressing area, and reduces the load required for cold pressing. The web position has small solid solution quenching stress, and thus stress improvement is not required, so that only the stress of the rib and the bar is reduced, the tensile stress below the rib and the bar is effectively reduced by cold pressing the side surface, and the rib and the bar are upwardly filled, so that the effects of stress reduction and forming integration are achieved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 A flowchart of the cold deformation process of the aluminum alloy and aluminum matrix composite forging provided by the embodiment of the application is shown in the figure. Figure 2 The structure of the typical aluminum alloy and aluminum matrix composite forging for aviation mainly includes a rib, a bar and a web. Figure 3 The internal stress distribution of the forging after solid solution quenching is shown in the figure. Figure 4 The residual stress distribution of the forging after 2.5% cold pressing is shown in the figure. Figure 5 The cold pressing and filling of the forging are shown in the figure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The application will be further described in detail in combination with the embodiments, but the embodiments of the application are not limited thereto.

[0017] Embodiment 1 As shown in the figure, the cold deformation process of the aluminum alloy and aluminum matrix composite forging includes the following steps. Figure 1 Step 1, solid solution quenching treatment of the forging; Step 2, cold pressing treatment of the forging; Step 3, aging treatment of the forging. Embodiment 2

[0018] As shown in the figure, the cold deformation process of the aluminum alloy and aluminum matrix composite forging includes the following steps. Step 1, solid solution quenching treatment of the forging; Figure 1 Step 2, cold pressing treatment of the forging; Step 3, aging treatment of the forging. In the step 1, the solid solution quenching treatment of the forging: the solid solution treatment of the aviation high-strength aluminum alloy and aluminum matrix composite forging is performed according to the corresponding material standard requirements.

[0019] In the step 1, the solid solution quenching treatment of the forging: the solid solution treatment of the aviation high-strength aluminum alloy and aluminum matrix composite forging is performed according to the corresponding material standard requirements.

[0020] ​In the step one, the forging solution quenching treatment: quenching water temperature is set to 50-70℃.

[0021] In the step one, the forging solution quenching treatment: the side of the forging is first put into water when quenching.

[0022] In the step one, the forging cold pressing treatment: the forging is cold pressed within 3h after quenching.

[0023] In the step two, the cold pressing area is the side wall of the rib and the edge, and the rib top and the web are not cold pressed.

[0024] In the step two, the width variation amount corresponding to the 1 / 2 height position of the rib and the edge side wall is taken as the cold pressing amount, and the cold pressing amount is controlled to be 2%-3%.

[0025] In the step two, the cold pressing amount is controlled to be 2.5%.

[0026] In the step three, the forging aging treatment: the aging treatment is performed within 3h after cold pressing, and the aging system is performed according to the corresponding material standard requirements of each material.

[0027] Example 3 As shown in the Figure 1 , the present embodiment provides a cold deformation process for aluminum alloy and aluminum-based composite material forgings, which includes the following steps: S1, forging solution quenching treatment.

[0028] Specifically, the forging is subjected to solution treatment according to the corresponding standard requirements of its material, and the quenching water temperature is 20℃. When quenching, the side is first put into water, and in combination with the Figure 2 schematic diagram, the 1 edge is first put into water, then the 2 rib is put into water, and finally the 1 edge on the other side is put into water.

[0029] Specifically, the internal stress distribution of the forging after solution quenching is as shown in the Figure 3 , the stress of the forging is concentrated at the root of the edge and the rib, and the maximum tensile stress reaches more than 280MPa.

[0030] S2, forging cold pressing treatment.

[0031] Specifically, the forging is cold pressed within 3h after quenching. The cold pressing method is as shown in the Figure 4 schematic diagram, the side and the fillet of the 101 edge and the 103 rib are extruded, so that the metal flows along the height direction of the edge and the rib, and the size of the 102 edge and the 104 rib after cold pressing reaches the requirement of the forging drawing.

[0032] Specifically, the cold pressing deformation amount of the forging is calculated according to the half height and width of the edge strip and the rib. Half of the height (1 / 2H1) of the edge strip 101 before cold pressing corresponds to a width a1, and half of the height (1 / 2H2) of the edge strip 102 after cold pressing corresponds to a width a2, and the cold pressing amount of the edge strip = (a1-a2) / a1. Half of the height (1 / 2H3) of the rib 103 before cold pressing corresponds to a width a3, and half of the height (1 / 2H4) of the rib 102 after cold pressing corresponds to a width a4, and the cold pressing amount of the rib = (a3-a4) / a3.

[0033] Specifically, the direction of the force applied by the cold pressing is shown by the arrow of Figure 4 , and the cold pressing area is the side surface and the round corner part of the edge strip and the rib.

[0034] Specifically, the cold pressing amount is set to 2.5%.

[0035] Specifically, as shown in Figure 4 , the residual stress of the forging is obviously eliminated after cold pressing, and the tensile stress range and value of the root of the edge strip and the rib are reduced, and the maximum tensile stress is reduced to below 150 MPa.

[0036] Specifically, as shown in Figure 5 , after the edge strip 101 and the rib 103 are cold pressed, the edge strip and the rib are both upwardly filled, so that the forging is deformed to the final required size after cold pressing.

[0037] S3, aging treatment of the forging.

[0038] Specifically, the forging is subjected to artificial aging or natural aging treatment after cold pressing, and the specific treatment system is carried out according to the standard requirements corresponding to the material of the forging, so that the forging reaches the performance required by the standard.

[0039] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can make equivalent replacement or change according to the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present application within the technical range disclosed by the present application, which should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A cold deformation process for aluminum alloys and aluminum matrix composite forgings, characterized in that, It comprises the following steps: Step one, solution quenching treatment of the forging; Step two, cold pressing treatment of the forging; Step three, aging treatment of the forging.

2. The process of claim 1, wherein: In the step one, the solution quenching treatment of the forging: the solution treatment of the aviation high-strength aluminum alloy and aluminum matrix composite forging is carried out according to the corresponding material standard requirements.

3. The process of claim 2, wherein: In the step one, the solution quenching treatment of the forging: the quenching water temperature is set to 50-70℃.

4. The process of claim 3, wherein the aluminum alloy and aluminum matrix composite wrought article is a plate. In the step one, the solution quenching treatment of the forging: the side of the forging is first put into water during quenching.

5. The process of claim 4, wherein: In the step one, the cold pressing treatment of the forging: the cold pressing treatment is carried out within 3h after quenching of the forging.

6. The process of claim 5, wherein: In the step two, the cold pressing area is the rib and the side wall of the edge strip of the forging, and the rib top and the web are not cold pressed.

7. The process of claim 6, wherein the aluminum alloy and aluminum matrix composite wrought article is a plate. In the step two, the width change amount corresponding to the 1 / 2 height position of the rib and the side wall of the edge strip is taken as the cold pressing amount, and the cold pressing amount is controlled to be 2%-3%.

8. The process of claim 6, wherein: In the step two, the width change amount corresponding to the 1 / 2 height position of the rib and the side wall of the edge strip is taken as the cold pressing amount, and the cold pressing amount is controlled to be 2.5%.

9. A cold deformation process for aluminum alloys and aluminum matrix composite forgings according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: In the step three, the aging treatment of the forging: the aging treatment is carried out within 3h after cold pressing, and the aging system is carried out according to the corresponding material standard requirements of each material.

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