Risk management method, device, equipment and program product for nuclear power plant overhaul

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of nuclear power plant overhaul management, in particular to a risk management method, device and equipment for nuclear power plant overhaul and a program product. The method comprises the following steps: obtaining construction information of a reconstruction project and an overhaul project of nuclear power plant overhaul; performing cross risk identification from time, space and resource dimensions according to the construction information, and determining a project list with a cross risk; according to the project list, plane planning and special construction plans in the area are formulated; and performing multi-dimensional deduction verification on the plane planning and the special construction plan, adjusting the plane planning and the special construction plan until the plane planning and the special construction plan meet preset construction requirements, and generating corresponding risk response measures. According to the method, reasonable use of resources can be ensured, the possibility of conflict occurrence is greatly reduced, more efficient coordination management among multiple projects is ensured, and the construction is safer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of nuclear power plant overhaul management, and in particular to risk management methods, devices, equipment and procedures for nuclear power plant overhauls. Background Technology

[0002] Nuclear power plant overhaul projects are crucial and comprehensive engineering projects in the operational cycle of nuclear facilities, involving multiple stages such as equipment maintenance, technical upgrades, and system testing. These projects are typically carried out in parallel by multiple sub-tasks, including the maintenance and upgrading of critical equipment and the optimization and verification of safety systems. They are characterized by high technical complexity, intensive resource requirements, and strict time constraints.

[0003] However, the implementation mode of major repair projects is mostly based on independent management and decentralized execution, lacking systematic planning throughout the entire cycle. In particular, there is no unified standard in cross-project resource integration and spatial coordination. The overlap of multiple projects in time and space can easily lead to resource allocation conflicts and site occupation contradictions, resulting in low construction efficiency and the risk of safety accidents. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present application provides a risk management method, apparatus, equipment and procedure for nuclear power plant overhauls to solve the problems of low construction efficiency and easy occurrence of safety accidents during overhaul projects in the prior art.

[0005] A first aspect of this application provides a risk management method for nuclear power plant overhauls, the method comprising:

[0006] Obtain construction information on the renovation and maintenance projects of the nuclear power plant overhaul;

[0007] Based on the construction information, cross-risk identification is performed from the dimensions of time, space and resources to determine a list of projects with cross-risks;

[0008] Based on the project list, develop a site plan and specific construction plans for the area;

[0009] The plan and construction plan are verified through multi-dimensional simulation, and adjusted until they meet the predetermined construction requirements, and corresponding risk response measures are generated.

[0010] In conjunction with the first aspect, in the first possible implementation of the first aspect, obtaining the construction information of the nuclear power plant overhaul and maintenance projects includes:

[0011] Collect construction plans for the renovation and maintenance projects of the nuclear power plant overhaul, determine the construction personnel information, construction equipment information, construction material information, construction method information, construction environment information, construction plan information, and determine the coordination work involved in the project;

[0012] The construction information is formed by organizing the information on construction personnel, construction equipment, construction materials, construction methods, construction environment, construction plan, and determining the coordination work involved in the project.

[0013] In conjunction with the first aspect, in a second possible implementation of the first aspect, based on the aforementioned construction information, cross-risk identification is performed from the dimensions of time, space, and resources to determine a list of projects with cross-risks, including:

[0014] Based on the construction plan information, construction equipment information, and coordination work information in the construction information, determine the time overlap of each item in the construction information and identify time-conflicting items.

[0015] Based on the construction equipment information, construction environment information and construction material information in the construction information, detect the spatial overlap of the construction scope of each project and identify spatially conflicting projects.

[0016] Based on the information on construction personnel, construction equipment, and construction materials, resource demand conflicts for each project are detected, and projects with resource conflicts are identified.

[0017] The project list is generated based on the time conflict projects, space conflict projects, and resource conflict projects.

[0018] In conjunction with the first aspect, in a third possible implementation of the first aspect, a regional plan is developed based on the project list, including:

[0019] Based on the project list, determine the construction location, operating space requirements, material storage requirements, and construction equipment usage time information for each project;

[0020] A floor plan is generated based on the construction location, operating space requirements, material storage requirements, and construction equipment usage time information for each project.

[0021] Spatial conflicts in the planar layout were detected using conflict analysis tools.

[0022] Adjust the floor plan layout according to the spatial conflict;

[0023] The planar layout is visualized and verified using two-dimensional or three-dimensional modeling tools to determine the planar planning within the area.

[0024] In conjunction with the third possible implementation of the first aspect, in the fourth possible implementation of the first aspect, spatial conflicts in the planar layout are detected using a conflict analysis tool, including:

[0025] Determine the spatial regions of objects in multiple items within the planar layout, and identify the spatial overlap regions of the spatial regions through Boolean operations;

[0026] Alternatively, two-dimensional or three-dimensional models can be performed on the objects within the area to determine the virtual reality scene within the area, and spatial conflicts in the planar layout can be determined based on the virtual reality scene.

[0027] In conjunction with the first aspect, in the fifth possible implementation of the first aspect, a specific construction plan for the region is formulated based on the aforementioned project list, including:

[0028] Analyze the resource requirements of each project in the project list;

[0029] The construction sequence of each project is determined based on its importance, urgency, and resource requirements.

[0030] Based on the construction sequence, a resource scheduling plan is determined;

[0031] The scheduling plan is optimized using the critical path method to generate the specific construction plan.

[0032] In conjunction with the first aspect, in the sixth possible implementation of the first aspect, the multi-dimensional deduction and verification of the plan and the special construction plan, and the adjustment of the plan and the special construction plan, include at least one of the following methods:

[0033] Desktop simulations are conducted using computer simulation tools to simulate the construction process of the site plan and specialized construction plan, identify potential risks in the site plan and specialized construction plan, and adjust the site plan and specialized construction plan based on the potential risks.

[0034] The construction site layout of the plan is dynamically simulated through a simulation sand table, the rationality of the space allocation is verified, and the plan and special construction plan are adjusted according to the rationality of the space allocation.

[0035] The system status is monitored, and the construction plan is dynamically adjusted and optimized based on the system status using digital twin technology.

[0036] A second aspect of this application provides a risk management device for nuclear power plant overhauls, the device comprising:

[0037] The construction information acquisition unit is used to acquire construction information of the renovation and maintenance projects of the nuclear power plant overhaul.

[0038] The project list determination unit is used to identify cross-risks based on the construction information from the dimensions of time, space and resources, and determine the project list with cross-risks.

[0039] The planning unit is used to develop a site plan and specific construction plans for the area based on the project list.

[0040] The optimization unit is used to perform multi-dimensional simulations and verifications of the site plan and special construction plan, adjust the site plan and special construction plan until they meet the predetermined construction requirements, and generate corresponding risk response measures.

[0041] A third aspect of this application provides a risk management device for nuclear power plant overhaul, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, the risk management device for nuclear power plant overhaul implements the method described in any of the first aspects.

[0042] A fourth aspect of this application provides a computer program product that, when run on a computer, causes the computer to execute the methods described in the first aspect or its various implementations.

[0043] A fifth aspect of this application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method as described in any of the first aspects.

[0044] A sixth aspect of this application provides a chip for implementing the methods in the various implementations of the first aspect described above. Specifically, the chip includes a processor for calling and running a computer program from a memory, causing a device equipped with the chip to perform the methods as described in the first aspect or its various implementations.

[0045] The beneficial effects of this application embodiment compared with the prior art are as follows: In the risk management process of nuclear power plant overhaul, this application embodiment obtains the construction information of the renovation and maintenance projects of the nuclear power plant overhaul. Based on the construction information, cross-risk identification is performed from the dimensions of time, space and resources to determine the list of projects with cross-risks. Based on the project list, a site plan and special construction calculation are formulated. The site plan and special construction plan are verified through multi-dimensional deduction to effectively identify potential cross-risks in the area. After multi-dimensional deduction, the site plan and special construction plan are adjusted until they meet the predetermined construction requirements, ensuring the rational use of resources and greatly reducing the possibility of conflicts. Through the formulation of site plan and special construction plan, the construction plans, resource requirements and risk response measures of each project are effectively combined to ensure more efficient coordination and management between multiple projects and safer construction. Attached Figure Description

[0046] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0047] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the implementation process of a risk management method for nuclear power plant overhaul provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0048] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the implementation process of a method for generating a project list provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0049] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the implementation process of a method for determining planar planning provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0050] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the implementation process of a method for generating a specific construction plan provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0051] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a risk management device for nuclear power plant overhaul provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0052] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a risk management device for nuclear power plant overhaul provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0053] In the following description, specific details such as particular system architectures and techniques are set forth for illustrative purposes and not for limitation, in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of this application. However, those skilled in the art will understand that this application may also be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, apparatuses, circuits, and methods have been omitted so as not to obscure the description of this application with unnecessary detail.

[0054] To illustrate the technical solution described in this application, specific embodiments are provided below.

[0055] Nuclear power plant overhaul projects are key comprehensive engineering projects in the operation and management of nuclear facilities, encompassing multiple dimensions of work, including equipment maintenance, technical upgrades, and system performance verification. These projects are typically characterized by the parallel implementation of multiple tasks, including preventive maintenance of core equipment and functional verification and performance enhancement of safety systems, and are characterized by high technical integration, intensive resource allocation, and strict schedule control.

[0056] Currently, major overhaul project management still generally adopts a relatively independent operating model, lacking overall planning and coordination throughout the project lifecycle. In particular, a standardized management system has not yet been established for the collaborative allocation of resources and optimization of spatial layout across multiple projects. This easily leads to the following problems:

[0057] Cross-coupling risks have not been fully identified: Multiple renovation projects and maintenance activities often converge at the same time and in the same space, resulting in conflicts such as resource allocation and site occupation. If there are unidentified cross-coupling risks, it can easily affect construction safety and progress.

[0058] Uneven resource allocation: Due to the lack of unified planning, the resource needs (such as manpower, hoisting equipment, site, etc.) of different projects cannot be reasonably arranged, which often leads to temporary adjustments to the plan, delays in the construction period and increased costs.

[0059] Inadequate construction space management: Especially when large equipment (such as cranes, overhead cranes, etc.) are being operated, the unreasonable use of space limits construction efficiency and can easily lead to safety hazards.

[0060] Inadequate risk prevention measures: In complex construction scenarios, traditional methods are insufficient to identify potential risks through tabletop exercises, sand table exercises, 3D simulations, etc., and there is a lack of effective risk prevention measures during the construction process.

[0061] To address the aforementioned issues, this application proposes a risk management method for nuclear power plant overhauls. Figure 1 The implementation flowchart of this method is detailed below:

[0062] In S101, the construction information of the renovation and maintenance projects for the nuclear power plant overhaul is obtained.

[0063] When obtaining construction information for renovation and maintenance projects during nuclear power plant overhauls, key parameters need to be extracted from data sources such as project planning documents, equipment ledgers, and construction plans.

[0064] For example, if a steam generator replacement and main pump overhaul are being carried out simultaneously within a reactor building, it is necessary to collect the construction cycle (e.g., steam generator replacement requires continuous use of the overhead crane for 15 days, main pump overhaul requires intermittent use of the overhead crane for 8 days), spatial occupancy (e.g., steam generator hoisting requires sealing off an area with a radius of 20 meters, main pump overhaul requires vertical space from +10 meters to +15 meters elevation), and resource requirements (e.g., both require 8 crane operators and 4 hours of peak power supply per day). This information is then integrated using a structured database or BIM model to form a construction information matrix containing fields such as project name, duration, spatial coordinates, and resource type. When identifying overlapping risks from a time perspective, it is necessary to compare the overlap of the project's critical path.

[0065] In this embodiment of the application, when obtaining construction information for the renovation and maintenance projects of a nuclear power plant overhaul, the construction plans for the renovation and maintenance projects of the nuclear power plant overhaul can be collected first, and the construction personnel information, construction equipment information, construction material information, construction method information, construction environment information, construction plan information, and the coordination work information involved in the project can be determined. The construction personnel information, construction equipment information, construction material information, construction method information, construction environment information, construction plan information, and the coordination work information involved in the project are then organized to form the construction information.

[0066] When collecting construction plans for renovation and maintenance projects of nuclear power plants, it is first necessary to clarify the specific construction content of each project.

[0067] For example, a reactor pressure vessel overhaul project might involve steps such as disassembly, inspection, repair, and reinstallation. Personnel information might include the number of engineers, technicians, and operators involved in the project, and their specialized skills. A reactor pressure vessel overhaul might require 10 engineers, 20 technicians, and 30 operators, with the engineers needing specialized qualifications in nuclear reactor equipment maintenance.

[0068] Construction equipment information includes the type, quantity, and specifications of the required equipment. For example, overhauling a reactor pressure vessel may require two large cranes, each with a lifting capacity of 100 tons, as well as several hydraulic lifting platforms and welding equipment.

[0069] The construction material information includes the types, quantities, and specifications of the materials required. For example, the overhaul of a reactor pressure vessel may require special steel, sealing materials, and anti-corrosion coatings. The special steel must be 50 mm thick, and the sealing materials must have a temperature resistance of 300 degrees Celsius.

[0070] Construction method information includes specific construction steps and technical requirements. For example, overhauling a reactor pressure vessel may employ non-destructive testing techniques, such as ultrasonic testing and radiographic testing, to ensure that the equipment is free of cracks and defects.

[0071] Construction environment information includes conditions such as temperature, humidity, and radiation levels at the construction site. For example, overhauling a reactor pressure vessel requires an environment with a temperature controlled at 20 degrees Celsius and humidity below 60%, while ensuring that radiation levels are within safe limits.

[0072] Construction schedule information includes the project's start date, end date, and key milestones. For example, the overhaul of the reactor pressure vessel is scheduled to begin on October 1, 2023, and is expected to be completed by December 31, 2023. Key milestones include completion of dismantling, inspection, and reinstallation.

[0073] Coordination information involves coordination with other projects and resource allocation. For example, the overhaul of the reactor pressure vessel needs to be coordinated with the overhaul of the steam generator to ensure that the operating hours of the two large cranes do not conflict.

[0074] When organizing this information, it is necessary to classify and summarize the information on construction personnel, equipment, materials, methods, environment, plans, and supporting work to form a complete construction information database. For example, the maintenance information for a reactor pressure vessel can be compiled into a detailed construction plan, including personnel arrangements, equipment, materials, methods, environment, and supporting work details. This approach ensures that the construction information for each project is clear and concise, facilitating subsequent construction management and risk control.

[0075] In S102, based on the construction information, cross-risk identification is performed from the dimensions of time, space and resources to determine a list of projects with cross-risks.

[0076] The existence of time overlap risks can be determined by whether the usage times of critical equipment in a project overlap. For example, if a ring crane is a critical resource, and steam generator replacement requires continuous use from May 1st to 15th, while the containment leak rate test requires the same ring crane to be used for detector hoisting from May 10th to 20th, then there is a time conflict between the two. Through Gantt chart overlay analysis, such conflicts can be automatically marked, generating a list of high-risk projects (e.g., "Steam Generator Replacement and Containment Test - Ring Crane Conflict").

[0077] Spatial risk identification can be combined with two-dimensional or three-dimensional layout simulation. For example, during a major overhaul, condenser tube bundle cleaning (requiring the use of a passageway at -5 meters underground) and circulating water pipe modification (requiring excavation to -6 meters) were carried out simultaneously within the turbine building. BIM model clash detection revealed that the vertical distance between the two work surfaces was less than 1 meter, posing a risk of earthwork collapse. The system marked such projects on the spatial conflict list and suggested staggered construction or the addition of support structures.

[0078] Resource-level analysis can quantify equipment and manpower loads, and determine whether resource-level risks exist through load comparison. For example, at a certain stage, diesel generator maintenance (requiring two 100-ton cranes) and electrical cabinet installation (requiring one 50-ton crane) need to be carried out simultaneously, but only two 100-ton cranes are available on site. The system identifies the risk of crane overload through resource pool simulation, generates a "Diesel Generator Maintenance and Electrical Cabinet Installation - Crane Overload" list, and recommends adjusting the electrical cabinet installation to the crane's idle time.

[0079] The generation of the cross-risk list requires comprehensive weighting across multiple dimensions. For example, if a project conflicts in both time and space (such as overlapping operating hours and overlapping work radii for hoists), its risk level is raised to "urgent" and must be prioritized. The system automatically filters the list using a rule engine (such as "50% time overlap + 30% space overlap = high risk"), eliminating non-conflicting projects (such as lighting renovations and ventilation system maintenance that only share common tools).

[0080] In determining the list of cross-risk items, the embodiments of this application can be as follows: Figure 2 As shown, it includes:

[0081] In S201, based on the construction plan information, construction equipment information, and coordination work information in the construction information, the time overlap of each item in the construction information is determined, and the time conflict items are identified.

[0082] In identifying cross-time risks, it's necessary to analyze key time nodes in the construction plan. Construction plan information includes the timeframes for each stage of the project, equipment information includes the usage time of the equipment needed during construction, and coordination information includes the timeframes for necessary coordination work. For example, Project A needs to use a gantry crane for pressure vessel maintenance from May 10th to 20th, while Project B needs to use the same gantry crane to lift a steam generator during the same period. By comparing Gantt charts or timeline tools, it's clear that the two projects have a 100% overlap, classifying them as time-conflicting projects. In this case, a buffer period or adjustment of the work window is needed, such as postponing Project B's start date to May 21st to avoid equipment contention.

[0083] In S202, based on the construction equipment information, construction environment information, and construction material information in the construction information, spatial overlap of the construction scope of each project is detected, and spatial conflict projects are identified.

[0084] Construction equipment information may include equipment dimensions and location information. Construction environment information includes the dimensions of the construction environment, such as indoor ceiling height, length, and width. Construction material information includes the storage location and volume of construction materials.

[0085] Spatial dimension identification requires combining construction environment drawings and equipment parameters. Assume Project C involves pipe welding on the 5th floor of the reactor building, requiring a 10-meter long and 5-meter wide work area. Meanwhile, Project D needs to simultaneously store 8-meter diameter voltage regulator components in an adjacent area. Detection using 2D or 3D modeling software reveals a 3-meter overlap in their spatial buffer zones, posing a risk of equipment collision. Therefore, the material storage area needs to be replanned, or the welding sequence adjusted.

[0086] In S203, based on the information of construction personnel, construction equipment, and construction materials, resource demand conflicts for each project are detected, and the projects with resource conflicts are identified.

[0087] Resource conflict detection requires quantifying personnel and equipment needs. For example, Project E requires 8 certified welders and 2 hydraulic jacks, while Project F requires 6 welders and 1 jack during the same period, but there are only 10 welders and 2 pieces of equipment on site. The resource load analysis table shows a welder shortage of 4 people and an equipment occupancy rate exceeding the limit by 150%, requiring staggered construction or additional resources.

[0088] In S204, the project list is generated based on the time conflict projects, space conflict projects, and resource conflict projects.

[0089] When generating the project list, the conflicting projects can be prioritized. For example, in time conflicts, nuclear-grade equipment maintenance takes precedence over ordinary pipeline installation; in space conflicts, work in high-radiation areas takes precedence over work in low-risk areas; and in resource conflicts, critical path tasks take precedence over non-critical tasks.

[0090] The final list of items can be marked with different colors. For example, items A / B can be marked in red (high conflict), items C / D in yellow (medium conflict), and items E / F in blue (low conflict), forming a visual risk matrix.

[0091] In S103, based on the project list, a site plan and specific construction plans for the area are developed.

[0092] The implementation of planar planning requires the integration of multi-source data. Taking the scheduling of a ring crane as an example, data shows that Project G requires three hoisting operations per day, each lasting two hours, while Project H requires one eight-hour continuous operation per week. Through discrete event simulation, it was found that there is a four-hour overlap on Wednesday mornings, requiring Project H to be moved to Thursday afternoons, with a two-hour emergency window reserved. Spatial overlap detection within the construction area can be achieved using laser scanning point cloud data. If the distance between the scaffolding erection area of ​​Project I and the temporary cable channel of Project J is less than 0.5 meters, the system automatically triggers an early warning and generates an offset plan. Special project simulations need to simulate extreme scenarios. Assuming that a typhoon occurs during the maintenance of the crane in Project K, the risk of crane anchor failure can be simulated using digital twin technology, and the installation of windproof cables can be added to the bill of quantities in advance. The resolution of resource demand conflicts can be achieved by introducing dynamic weighting algorithms. For example, if Project L requires radiation protection, the welder skill level weight is set to 1.5 times that of ordinary projects, and the system automatically prioritizes the allocation of higher-level personnel.

[0093] In the embodiments of this application, when formulating a floor plan, it can be as follows: Figure 3 As shown, it includes:

[0094] In S301, based on the project list, the construction location, operating space requirements, material storage requirements, and construction equipment usage time information for each project are determined.

[0095] When determining the construction location, space requirements, operating space requirements, and material storage requirements based on the project list, it is necessary to consider the physical dimensions of the equipment and safety clearance requirements. For example, for a nuclear power plant steam generator replacement project, the hoisting area should be marked as a 20m × 15m area within the reactor building, the operating space should reserve a 3m safety distance around the perimeter, and the material storage area should be located on a temporary platform on the west side of the building, occupying an area of ​​50㎡.

[0096] When determining the usage time information of construction equipment, it is necessary to meet the predetermined accuracy requirements. For example, the usage time of the ring crane should be accurate to the hour, such as the 200-ton main ring crane being used from 9:00 to 15:00 on the third day. These parameters are entered using BIM tools to form a digital list with coordinates.

[0097] In S302, a floor plan is generated based on the construction location, operating space requirements, material storage requirements, and construction equipment usage time information for each project.

[0098] A layered overlay technique is used when generating the planar layout. The two-dimensional boundary boxes of each project (such as a 5m×8m rectangle for pipeline renovation) are overlaid with the time dimension to form a spatiotemporal heat map. For example, in the case of steam turbine overhaul, the GIS system is used to perform vertical spatial analysis between the hoisting path (8m high) and the electrical cabinet installation area (2m high) carried out at the same time. This reveals the risk of three-dimensional intersection and can automatically generate a red conflict warning area.

[0099] In S303, spatial conflicts in the planar layout are detected using a conflict analysis tool.

[0100] Conflict detection can utilize a rule engine and geometric algorithms. When two projects simultaneously request crane resources, the system compares the crane track coordinates (e.g., the X-axis segment 30-50) with the projected range of the hoisted object (X-axis 40-45). In one instance, a detection revealed a certain degree of spatial overlap between the turbine rotor hoisting and the containment spray pipe installation, such as 20% overlap, which could trigger a level 2 conflict alert, prompting an adjustment to the time window or spatial location.

[0101] In detecting spatial conflicts, this application embodiment can determine the spatial regions of objects in multiple items in a planar layout and identify the spatial overlapping regions through Boolean operations; or, it can perform two-dimensional or three-dimensional modeling of the objects in the region, determine the virtual reality scene in the region, and determine the spatial conflicts in the planar layout based on the virtual reality scene.

[0102] Detecting spatial conflicts in a floor plan using conflict analysis tools first requires determining the spatial distribution of objects from multiple projects. Boolean operations, a logic-based mathematical method, can be used to identify overlapping areas in spatial analysis.

[0103] For example, in a nuclear power plant overhaul, suppose there are two projects, A and B. Project A requires equipment installation in area X using a gantry crane, while project B requires pipeline maintenance in area Y. Using Boolean operations, the spatial boundaries of areas X and Y can be defined separately, and whether they overlap can be detected. If areas X and Y partially overlap spatially, the Boolean operation will identify this overlapping area, thus indicating a spatial conflict. This detection method is simple and efficient, and suitable for preliminary analysis of two-dimensional planar layouts.

[0104] For more complex scenarios, especially those involving three-dimensional space, 3D modeling techniques can be used to construct virtual reality scenes to detect spatial conflicts. For example, during a nuclear power plant overhaul, some equipment may need to be moved or installed vertically. In such cases, two-dimensional planar analysis alone cannot fully reflect spatial conflicts. 3D modeling allows for the accurate reconstruction of objects within a region (such as cranes, overhead cranes, and other equipment) in a virtual environment, simulating their movement trajectories and operating spaces. Suppose project C requires the vertical installation of large equipment in area Z, while project D requires the horizontal laying of pipelines in the same area. 3D modeling can simulate the spatial relationship between the equipment and pipelines during installation, identifying potential conflicts in both vertical and horizontal directions. This method provides a more comprehensive reflection of spatial conflicts and is particularly suitable for complex 3D scenarios. The combined use of Boolean operations and 3D modeling can further improve the accuracy of spatial conflict detection.

[0105] For example, during a nuclear power plant overhaul, Project E needs to perform equipment maintenance in area W, while Project F needs to store materials in the same area. Boolean operations can be used to initially identify the space occupancy of area W. Then, by simulating the specific operations of material storage and equipment maintenance through 2D or 3D modeling, the existence of spatial conflicts can be further confirmed. This combined approach not only improves detection efficiency but also reduces omissions, ensuring the rationality of the floor plan. Detecting spatial conflicts using conflict analysis tools can effectively avoid resource waste and safety hazards during construction.

[0106] During nuclear power plant overhauls, failure to detect spatial conflicts between overhead cranes and gantry cranes can lead to equipment installation failures or construction delays. By using Boolean operations and two-dimensional or three-dimensional modeling, these problems can be identified and resolved in advance, ensuring smooth construction. This technical approach is not only applicable to nuclear power plant overhauls but can also be extended to the spatial planning of other complex engineering projects, demonstrating broad application value.

[0107] In S304, the planar layout is adjusted according to the spatial conflict.

[0108] Layout adjustments can employ a dynamic weighted priority method. For high-priority projects that must be constructed concurrently (such as reactor pressure vessel inspection), the original 6m×6m area can be adjusted to 4m×4m by compressing the work area of ​​low-priority projects (such as auxiliary pipeline insulation).

[0109] In S305, the planar layout is visualized and verified using two-dimensional or three-dimensional modeling tools to determine the planar planning within the area.

[0110] After adjustments, the material transport path was recalculated using the Delaunay triangulation algorithm to ensure a minimum channel width of 2m. 3D verification was performed using point cloud scanning and virtual walkthrough. The adjusted layout was imported into the PDMS (3D factory design software) system, and a factory point cloud model (accuracy ±2cm) was loaded for collision detection. In one verification, a 300mm interference was found between the cable tray (elevation +12.5m) and the temporary scaffolding (elevation +12.2m), which could be resolved by raising the cable tray to +13.0m. The final output was an isometric drawing with elevation markings.

[0111] When developing a specific construction plan for a region based on the project list, it is possible to do so as follows: Figure 4 As shown, it includes:

[0112] In S401, the resource requirements of each item in the project list are analyzed.

[0113] When developing a specific construction plan for a region, the first step is to analyze the resource requirements of each project in the project list. For example, a nuclear power plant overhaul project may involve multiple sub-projects, such as the overhaul of the reactor pressure vessel, the replacement of the steam generator, and the maintenance of the main pumps. Each project has different requirements for large equipment (such as cranes and overhead cranes). The overhaul of the reactor pressure vessel may require the crane to be used continuously for two weeks, while the replacement of the steam generator may only require the crane to be used for three days. By recording in detail the equipment usage time, frequency, and operating area for each project, a comprehensive understanding of resource requirements can be obtained, providing data support for subsequent scheduling.

[0114] In S402, the construction sequence of each project is determined based on its importance, urgency, and resource requirements.

[0115] When determining the construction sequence of projects based on their importance, urgency, and resource requirements, a comprehensive approach can be taken. For example, the overhaul of the reactor pressure vessel may be crucial to the operation of the entire nuclear power plant and is therefore listed as a high-priority project, requiring priority scheduling. While the maintenance of the main pumps is important, its urgency is lower and can be scheduled later. This prioritization ensures that critical projects are completed on time, avoiding disruptions to the overall schedule due to insufficient resources.

[0116] In S403, a resource scheduling plan is determined based on the construction sequence.

[0117] After determining the construction sequence, a resource scheduling plan needs to be developed. For example, the usage time of the ring crane needs to be allocated according to the priority and needs of each project. The overhaul of the reactor pressure vessel may require continuous use of the ring crane in the early stages, while the replacement of the steam generator can be scheduled during the ring crane's idle periods. Through reasonable scheduling, multiple projects can avoid competing for the same equipment simultaneously, reducing resource conflicts and improving construction efficiency.

[0118] In S404, the scheduling plan is optimized using the critical path method to generate the specific construction plan.

[0119] When optimizing the scheduling plan using the critical path method to generate a specific construction plan, iterative optimization can be performed multiple times until the specific construction plan can meet the predetermined requirements.

[0120] For example, in a nuclear power plant overhaul project, the overhaul of the reactor pressure vessel may be the critical path of the entire project, as its completion time directly affects the initiation of subsequent projects. The Critical Path Method (CPM) can identify which project scheduling has the greatest impact on the overall schedule, thus prioritizing the resource needs of these projects. Simultaneously, the CPM can help identify which project schedules can be adjusted appropriately to optimize the overall construction plan and reduce resource waste and conflicts. Through these steps, the specialized construction plan can comprehensively consider the project's resource needs, priorities, and critical path, ensuring an efficient and orderly construction process. The advantage of this method is its ability to identify and resolve potential resource conflicts in advance, avoiding delays caused by insufficient resources or improper scheduling during construction. Furthermore, optimization through the CPM can further shorten the overall construction cycle and improve project execution efficiency.

[0121] In S104, the plan and special construction plan are verified through multi-dimensional simulation, and the plan and special construction plan are adjusted until they meet the predetermined construction requirements, and corresponding risk response measures are generated.

[0122] When developing a regional layout plan, dynamic arrangement is required based on the spatial requirements and timelines in the project list. For example, during a nuclear power plant overhaul, if both steam generator maintenance and pressure vessel inspection are carried out simultaneously within the reactor building, dedicated work areas must be designated according to equipment dimensions (e.g., the steam generator occupies an 8m x 5m area) and hoisting routes (circular crane with a 50-ton load capacity) to avoid spatial overlap. CAD tools should be used to create a 3D layout diagram, marking the boundary buffer distances for each project (at least 2m) and reserving emergency access routes (at least 3m wide).

[0123] Specialized construction plans need to be refined with a detailed timeline based on resource conflict analysis. For example, the ring crane should prioritize serving the dismantling and assembly of steam generators from 8:00 to 12:00 daily, while pressure vessel inspections should be staggered to 14:00 to 18:00. Crane usage plans should be accurate to 30-minute intervals. The plan must include backup schemes, such as using a backup crane in case of ring crane failure (its 20-ton lifting capacity must be verified in advance to ensure it meets the component relocation requirements).

[0124] In multi-dimensional simulations, sand table simulations can expose dynamic conflicts in the planar layout. For example, when simulating the movement of a ring crane, it was found that its rotation radius interfered with the temporary scaffolding (6m high), requiring adjustments to the scaffolding position or segmented dismantling. The sand table scale of 1:50 must accurately reflect the equipment dimensions, and the simulations should be conducted at least three times to cover different work sequence scenarios.

[0125] 3D virtual simulations can verify the feasibility of high-risk actions. For example, simulating the hoisting process of a steam generator using VR reveals that a pipe support (coordinates X=15, Y=7) obstructs the hoisting and needs to be removed in advance. Virtual simulations need to set a predetermined number of observation points, such as 20 different viewpoints, and record key parameters such as the minimum equipment clearance (>0.5m). Risk response measures need to quantify the simulation results. For example, analyzing three spatial conflicts that occurred during the simulation, five corresponding measures were developed, including "jointly confirming equipment positioning before daily commencement of work," and embedded into the construction document checklist (item 4.3). The measures must clearly define the responsible person (e.g., the hoisting team leader) and the triggering condition (stopping work when wind speed >8m / s). Iterative optimization is used when adjusting the plan. The first simulation found that the crane utilization rate was only 65%, which was increased to 85% by reordering the task sequence; the second verification revealed the risk of insufficient nighttime lighting, so a floodlight arrangement plan was added (one 1000W light per 50㎡). After each adjustment, at least two simulation methods need to be run again for cross-verification. The final output includes construction documents containing executable elements. These include: marking restricted areas on the site plan (red grid lines); specifying the operating hours of the hoist in the special plan appendix (accurate to 15 minutes); and specifying the frequency of sling inspections in the quality control documents (once every 2 hours). All documents must pass four types of consistency checks to ensure 100% on-site implementation.

[0126] When performing multi-dimensional deduction and verification, the embodiments of this application may include at least one of the following methods.

[0127] 1. Conduct desktop simulations using computer simulation tools to simulate the construction process of the site plan and the special construction plan, identify potential risks in the site plan and the special construction plan, and adjust the site plan and the special construction plan based on the potential risks;

[0128] 2. Through simulation sand table deduction, dynamically simulate the construction site layout of the plan, verify the rationality of space allocation, and adjust the plan and special construction plan according to the rationality of space allocation;

[0129] 3. Monitor the system status and dynamically adjust and optimize the construction plan based on the system status using digital twin technology.

[0130] When conducting desktop simulations using computer simulation tools, discrete event simulation software (such as FlexSim or AnyLogic) can be used to build a construction process model.

[0131] For example, in a nuclear power plant hoisting scheduling scenario, input parameters include hoisting operation time (e.g., an average hoisting time of 30 minutes per operation), equipment movement path (e.g., a trolley track occupancy threshold of 70%), and the probability of parallel task conflicts (e.g., a 15% probability that two trolleys will simultaneously enter an overlapping area). After the model runs, it will output a critical path delay warning (e.g., the installation of a certain piece of equipment may be delayed by 2 hours due to trolley conflicts). Based on this, the trolley usage period in the original plan is adjusted from a continuous 4 hours to a segmented 2+2 hour period, and buffer time is inserted into the special project plan.

[0132] The simulation sand table uses a 1:50 scale physical model combined with RFID tags to track resource locations. Taking reactor building renovation as an example, the sand table marks the boundaries of each construction area (e.g., a 3-meter radius around the pressure vessel is a high-risk restricted area), dynamically simulating the overlapping operations of pipeline installation and insulation layer construction. When it is detected that the frequency of two forklifts meeting in a narrow passage exceeds 5 times per hour during a certain period, the material storage area is adjusted to be 15 meters away from the work surface, and the pipeline prefabrication process is brought forward by 2 days to free up space. The sand table heat map shows that after the adjustment, the space utilization rate decreased from 82% to 68%, and the conflict points were reduced by 40%.

[0133] Digital twin technology can achieve dynamic optimization through BIM+IoT (Building Information Modeling + Internet of Things). In a steam turbine overhaul project, the twin model receives real-time data from the on-site laser rangefinder (e.g., the actual lifting clearance is 1.2 meters, lower than the design value of 1.5 meters), automatically triggering plan adjustments: the cable laying originally scheduled for the same day is postponed by 8 hours, and the crane boom elevation angle is recalculated to 52 degrees. Every 15 minutes, the system compares the actual progress with the model prediction (e.g., the bolt tightening progress lags behind the model's expectation by 12%), generating a new equipment scheduling sequence and pushing it to the construction terminal.

[0134] Monte Carlo simulations can be used to quantify risks in tabletop exercises. For dome welding operations, 1000 construction sequences under different weather conditions were simulated. It was found that when the probability of rainfall exceeded 30%, the welding machine failure rate increased to 18%. Based on this, the number of backup welding machine deployment points was increased (from 2 to 4) in the specific plan, and the rain shelter coverage area was expanded to 120 square meters in the site plan. Simulation data showed that this adjustment reduced the risk of project delays.

[0135] Sand table simulations can be combined with spatial topology analysis to optimize the layout. By calculating the shortest paths between each operational node using graph theory algorithms, it was found that the original plan required a 140-meter detour for transporting cable trays. After adjustment, utilizing the reactor shaft as a vertical passage, the path was shortened to 60 meters. At the same time, the sand table pressure sensors showed a more balanced distribution of floor load-bearing capacity (the maximum load decreased from 8 tons / square meter to 6 tons / square meter).

[0136] Digital twins can predict conflicts through machine learning. An LSTM model trained on historical data can provide early warnings of crane scheduling conflicts up to 4 hours in advance. For example, if it is predicted that the demand for cranes will exceed the design capacity by 15% during a certain period, it will automatically transfer three non-critical lifting tasks to standby cranes.

[0137] By employing the methods described above to identify and manage risks in critical areas during nuclear power plant overhauls, not only can construction safety and efficiency be improved, but construction costs can also be effectively reduced, resulting in significant social benefits. Specifically, this is reflected in:

[0138] Ensuring the safety of nuclear power plant overhauls: Through comprehensive cross-coupled risk identification and scientific risk control measures, potential safety accidents during construction are reduced, safety risks introduced by temporary adjustments to the plan are avoided, and the safe operation of the nuclear power plant is ensured.

[0139] Improved resource utilization efficiency: Through reasonable resource allocation and scheduling, coordination and communication costs were reduced, resource waste and project delays were minimized, the overall cost of overhauls was reduced, and contributions were made to the economic benefits of nuclear power plants.

[0140] It should be understood that the sequence number of each step in the above embodiments does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0141] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a risk management device for nuclear power plant overhaul provided in this application embodiment, the device comprising:

[0142] The construction information acquisition unit 501 is used to acquire construction information of the renovation and maintenance projects of the nuclear power plant overhaul.

[0143] The project list determination unit 502 is used to identify cross-risks based on the construction information from the dimensions of time, space and resources, and determine the project list with cross-risks.

[0144] Planning unit 503 is used to formulate a site plan and specific construction plan for the area based on the project list;

[0145] The optimization unit 504 is used to perform multi-dimensional simulation and verification of the plan and special construction plan, adjust the plan and special construction plan until they meet the predetermined construction requirements, and generate corresponding risk response measures.

[0146] Figure 5 The risk management device shown is for nuclear power plant overhauls. Figure 1 The risk management methods for nuclear power plant overhauls are shown below.

[0147] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a risk management device for nuclear power plant overhaul provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 6 As shown, the risk management device 6 for nuclear power plant overhaul in this embodiment includes: a processor 60, a memory 61, and a computer program 62 stored in the memory 61 and executable on the processor 60, such as a risk management program for nuclear power plant overhaul. When the processor 60 executes the computer program 62, it implements the steps in the various risk management method embodiments for nuclear power plant overhaul described above. Alternatively, when the processor 60 executes the computer program 62, it implements the functions of each module / unit in the various device embodiments described above.

[0148] For example, the computer program 62 may be divided into one or more modules / units, which are stored in the memory 61 and executed by the processor 60 to complete this application. The one or more modules / units may be a series of computer program instruction segments capable of performing specific functions, which describe the execution process of the computer program 62 in the risk management device 6 during the overhaul of the nuclear power plant.

[0149] The risk management equipment 6 for nuclear power plant overhauls can be a desktop computer, laptop, handheld computer, or cloud server, etc. The risk management equipment for nuclear power plant overhauls may include, but is not limited to, a processor 60 and a memory 61. Those skilled in the art will understand that... Figure 6 This is merely an example of a risk management device 6 for nuclear power plant overhauls and does not constitute a limitation on the risk management device 6 for nuclear power plant overhauls. It may include more or fewer components than shown, or combine certain components, or different components. For example, the risk management device for nuclear power plant overhauls may also include input / output devices, network access devices, buses, etc.

[0150] The processor 60 may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0151] The memory 61 can be an internal storage unit of the risk management equipment 6 for nuclear power plant overhaul, such as a hard drive or memory of the risk management equipment 6 for nuclear power plant overhaul. The memory 61 can also be an external storage device of the risk management equipment 6 for nuclear power plant overhaul, such as a plug-in hard drive, smart media card (SMC), secure digital (SD) card, flash card, etc., equipped on the risk management equipment 6 for nuclear power plant overhaul. Furthermore, the memory 61 can include both internal storage units and external storage devices of the risk management equipment 6 for nuclear power plant overhaul. The memory 61 is used to store the computer program and other programs and data required by the risk management equipment for nuclear power plant overhaul. The memory 61 can also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or will be output.

[0152] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the above-described division of functional units and modules is merely an example. In practical applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional units and modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional units or modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. The functional units and modules in the embodiments can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit. Furthermore, the specific names of the functional units and modules are only for easy differentiation and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. The specific working process of the units and modules in the above system can be referred to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0153] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts that are not described in detail or recorded in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0154] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0155] In the embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices / terminal equipment and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device / terminal equipment embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For instance, the division of modules or units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the displayed or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between devices or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0156] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0157] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0158] If the integrated module / unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can also be implemented by hardware related to computer program instructions. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed by a processor, it can implement the steps of the various method embodiments described above. The computer program includes computer program code, which can be in the form of source code, object code, executable files, or certain intermediate forms. The computer-readable medium can include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, a recording medium, a USB flash drive, a portable hard drive, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a computer memory, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), an electrical carrier signal, a telecommunication signal, and a software distribution medium, etc.

[0159] In addition, this application also provides a computer program product that, when run on a computer, causes the computer to execute the methods in the above-described implementations.

[0160] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and should all be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A risk management method for nuclear power plant overhauls, characterized in that, The method includes: Obtain construction information on the renovation and maintenance projects of the nuclear power plant overhaul; Based on the construction information, cross-risk identification is performed from the dimensions of time, space and resources to determine a list of projects with cross-risks; Based on the project list, develop a site plan and specific construction plans for the area; The plan and construction plan are verified through multi-dimensional simulation, and adjusted until they meet the predetermined construction requirements, and corresponding risk response measures are generated.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The acquisition of construction information for the overhaul and maintenance projects of the nuclear power plant includes: Collect construction plans for the renovation and maintenance projects of the nuclear power plant overhaul, determine the construction personnel information, construction equipment information, construction material information, construction method information, construction environment information, construction plan information, and determine the coordination work involved in the project; The construction information is formed by organizing the information on construction personnel, construction equipment, construction materials, construction methods, construction environment, construction plan, and determining the coordination work involved in the project.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, Based on the construction information, cross-risk identification was performed from the dimensions of time, space, and resources to determine a list of projects with cross-risks, including: Based on the construction plan information, construction equipment information, and coordination work information in the construction information, determine the time overlap of each item in the construction information and identify time-conflicting items. Based on the construction equipment information, construction environment information and construction material information in the construction information, detect the spatial overlap of the construction scope of each project and identify spatially conflicting projects. Based on the information on construction personnel, construction equipment, and construction materials, resource demand conflicts for each project are detected, and projects with resource conflicts are identified. The project list is generated based on the time conflict projects, space conflict projects, and resource conflict projects.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the aforementioned project list, develop a site plan for the area, including: Based on the project list, determine the construction location, operating space requirements, material storage requirements, and construction equipment usage time information for each project; A floor plan is generated based on the construction location, operating space requirements, material storage requirements, and construction equipment usage time information for each project. Spatial conflicts in the planar layout were detected using conflict analysis tools. Adjust the floor plan layout according to the spatial conflict; The planar layout is visualized and verified using two-dimensional or three-dimensional modeling tools to determine the planar planning within the area.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, Spatial conflicts in the floor plan layout are detected using conflict analysis tools, including: Determine the spatial regions of objects in multiple items within the planar layout, and identify the spatial overlap regions of the spatial regions through Boolean operations; Alternatively, two-dimensional or three-dimensional models can be performed on the objects within the area to determine the virtual reality scene within the area, and spatial conflicts in the planar layout can be determined based on the virtual reality scene.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the aforementioned project list, develop a specific construction plan for the region, including: Analyze the resource requirements of each project in the project list; The construction sequence of each project is determined based on its importance, urgency, and resource requirements. Based on the construction sequence, a resource scheduling plan is determined; The scheduling plan is optimized using the critical path method to generate the specific construction plan.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-dimensional simulation verifies the site plan and specialized construction plan, and adjusts the site plan and specialized construction plan, including at least one of the following methods: Desktop simulations are conducted using computer simulation tools to simulate the construction process of the site plan and specialized construction plan, identify potential risks in the site plan and specialized construction plan, and adjust the site plan and specialized construction plan based on the potential risks. The construction site layout of the plan is dynamically simulated through a simulation sand table, the rationality of the space allocation is verified, and the plan and special construction plan are adjusted according to the rationality of the space allocation. The system status is monitored, and the construction plan is dynamically adjusted and optimized based on the system status using digital twin technology.

8. A risk management device for nuclear power plant overhaul, characterized in that, The device includes: The construction information acquisition unit is used to acquire construction information of the renovation and maintenance projects of the nuclear power plant overhaul. The project list determination unit is used to identify cross-risks based on the construction information from the dimensions of time, space and resources, and determine the project list with cross-risks. The planning unit is used to develop a site plan and specific construction plans for the area based on the project list. The optimization unit is used to perform multi-dimensional simulations and verifications of the site plan and special construction plan, adjust the site plan and special construction plan until they meet the predetermined construction requirements, and generate corresponding risk response measures.

9. A risk management device for nuclear power plant overhaul, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it causes the risk management equipment for the nuclear power plant overhaul to implement the method as described in any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer program product comprising computer program instructions, characterized in that, When the computer program is run, the method as described in any one of claims 1-7 is performed.

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