Cast-in-place concrete roof panel prefabricated ventilating duct outlet structure and construction method

Abstract

The invention discloses a cast-in-place concrete roof panel prefabricated ventilating duct outlet structure and a construction method, and relates to the technical field of prefabricated buildings. The plurality of connecting bolts are respectively arranged at the bottom of the outlet structure body, and the connecting bolts are arranged on a template supported on a roof panel in a penetrating manner; the plurality of connecting nuts are respectively in threaded connection with the connecting bolts; the plurality of connecting steel bar sections are respectively arranged on the peripheral side wall of the outlet structure body; the air cap is arranged at the top of the outlet structure body; the ventilation windows are arranged on the peripheral side wall of the outlet structure body. According to the invention, the possibility of dislocation can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of prefabricated buildings, and in particular to a prefabricated ventilation duct outlet structure and construction method for cast-in-place concrete roof panels. Background Technology

[0002] In the construction industry, with its continuous development, the demands for construction efficiency and quality are constantly increasing. The emergence of prefabricated ventilation duct outlet structures for cast-in-place concrete roof panels has brought a new direction to construction. The method of prefabrication in the factory and then transporting it to the site for assembly not only improves construction efficiency but also ensures controllable quality, which is of great significance to the efficient development of the construction industry. It aligns with the trend of modern industrialized construction, helps improve the overall performance and quality of buildings, and promotes the construction industry towards greater standardization and regulation.

[0003] Prior to this technological solution, the installation of prefabricated ventilation duct outlet structures on-site typically involved using lifting equipment to transport the structure to the installation location. Afterward, the outlet structure was aligned with the ventilation duct, and reinforcement bars were tied to establish a preliminary connection. Finally, concrete was poured, and after it solidified, the prefabricated ventilation duct outlet structure was securely connected to the roof panel. This construction method is common in the construction industry and widely used in various building projects, serving as a standard approach to solving the installation problems of prefabricated ventilation duct outlet structures.

[0004] However, the existing construction methods for rebar tying and concrete pouring have significant drawbacks. During the rebar tying and concrete pouring process, the precast ventilation duct outlet structure is easily affected by external forces, causing it to shift and resulting in misalignment between the ventilation duct outlet structure and the ventilation duct itself, which seriously affects the normal use of the ventilation duct outlet structure. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To reduce the possibility of misalignment, this application provides a prefabricated ventilation duct outlet structure and construction method for cast-in-place concrete roof panels.

[0006] In the first aspect, this application provides a precast ventilation duct outlet structure for cast-in-place concrete roof panels, employing the following technical solution: A precast ventilation duct outlet structure for cast-in-place concrete roof panels includes an outlet structure body; Multiple connecting bolts are provided at the bottom of the outlet structure body, and the connecting bolts pass through the template supported on the roof panel; Multiple connecting nuts are threaded onto the connecting bolts. Multiple connecting steel bar segments are respectively disposed on the outer peripheral sidewall of the outlet structure body; A vent cap is installed on the top of the outlet structure body; There are multiple ventilation windows, each located on the outer peripheral sidewall of the outlet structure body.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solutions, the main body of the outlet structure is prefabricated in the factory and then transported to the site for assembly, which can achieve efficient construction and controllable quality. The connecting bolts are inserted through the roof panel template and fixed by the connecting nuts, which can reduce the possibility of the outlet structure being displaced by external forces during installation, and help reduce the possibility of misalignment between the outlet structure and the ventilation duct. The connecting steel bar segments can be used to tie and fix with the reserved steel bars in the roof panel. The wind cap can play a certain protective role, and the ventilation window can realize the ventilation function.

[0008] Optionally, the top of the outlet structure body is provided with multiple round-headed hanging nails.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, multiple round-headed lifting nails are installed on the top of the outlet structure, which facilitates the lifting operation of the outlet structure using tower cranes and other lifting equipment. This makes the hoisting process of the prefabricated ventilation duct outlet structure more convenient and efficient. At the same time, the round-headed lifting nails can reduce damage to the lifting equipment and related components.

[0010] Optionally, the outlet structure body has a connecting groove extending circumferentially on its outer peripheral sidewall near the bottom.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, a connecting groove extending circumferentially is opened on the outer peripheral side wall of the outlet structure near the bottom, which can enhance the connection stability between the precast ventilation duct outlet structure of the cast-in-place concrete roof panel and the roof panel.

[0012] Optionally, a waterproof groove is provided on the outer peripheral side wall of the outlet structure body, and a waterproof baffle is provided on the outlet structure body that fits into the waterproof groove.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, a waterproof groove is opened on the outer peripheral side wall of the outlet structure body and a waterproof baffle is installed that fits into the waterproof groove. This can play a waterproof role, reduce rainwater penetration to the connection between the outlet structure body and the roof panel, and ensure the normal use of the ventilation duct outlet structure.

[0014] Optionally, the outer periphery of the outlet structure body is provided with multiple mounting seats, each mounting seat corresponding to a connecting steel bar segment, and each mounting seat is provided with a slot. The mounting base is provided with a retaining seat that snaps into the retaining slot, and the retaining seat has a plug groove for inserting the connecting steel bar segment; The card holder sidewall is provided with multiple fixing arc plates around the insertion slot, the inner wall of the fixing arc plates is provided with fixing blocks, and the outer peripheral sidewall of the connecting steel bar section is provided with a fixing slot. The outer wall of the fixed arc plate is provided with a driving arc block. When the card seat is inserted into the card slot, the driving arc block slides on the card seat, driving the fixed arc plate to flip in the direction of the connecting steel bar segment, thereby causing the fixed block to be inserted into the fixed groove.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the connecting steel bar segment is movably connected to the outlet structure body, allowing the connecting steel bar segment to be installed below the reserved steel mesh on the roof panel, thereby improving the installation stability of the outlet structure body.

[0016] Optionally, a bearing seat is provided at the bottom of the outlet structure body, and there are multiple bearing seats, each corresponding to a connecting bolt; The support seat is provided with a support groove, and the support seat is provided with a connecting seat that slides up and down in the support groove; The bearing groove is provided with a limiting member, and when the connecting seat slides into the bearing groove, the limiting member restricts the sliding of the connecting seat; The connecting seat has a sliding groove, and the connecting bolt is movably connected within the sliding groove; The connecting seat has a limiting groove that surrounds and communicates with the sliding groove, and the connecting seat is provided with a limiting block, which has a bolt groove for the connecting bolt to be inserted. The connecting seat is disposed opposite to and slidably connected to a limiting plate located within the limiting groove, and the limiting block is located between the limiting plates; The connecting seat is provided with a driving spring that drives the device to slide relative to the limiting plate until it abuts against the side wall of the limiting block; The connecting seat is provided with a control component. When the connecting seat slides into the bearing groove, the control component controls it to enter a fixed state relative to the limiting plate. When the connecting seat slides out of the bearing groove, the control component controls the relative limiting plate to enter an active state.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, when installing the prefabricated ventilation duct outlet structure, the position of the connecting bolts can be flexibly adjusted and firmly restricted by the bearing seat, connecting seat and related components, which is conducive to aligning the connecting bolts with the bolt holes of the template on the roof panel.

[0018] Optionally, the control assembly includes a control shaft, a control arc plate, a water storage bladder, a connecting pipe, and a control water bladder; The control shaft is disposed within the limiting groove, and the limiting plate is slidably connected to the control shaft; Multiple control slots are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction on the outer periphery of the control shaft, and the control arc plate slides radially within the control slots along the control shaft. The control water bladders are installed in the control slots and correspond one-to-one, and a connecting pipe connects adjacent control water bladders; The water storage bladder is disposed on the side of the connecting seat away from the sliding groove, and the connecting pipe passes through the control shaft and the connecting seat. The two ends of the connecting pipe are respectively connected to the water storage bladder and one of the control bladders. When the connecting seat slides into the bearing groove, the water storage bladder is compressed. At this time, the control bladder expands, causing the control arc plate to press against the limiting plate.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, and utilizing the cooperation of the water storage bladder, connecting pipe, control bladder, and control arc plate in the control component, the control arc plate can be pressed against the limiting plate when the connecting seat slides into the bearing groove, thereby controlling the state of the limiting plate and reducing the possibility of the limit block rotating during the connection of the connecting bolt and connecting nut.

[0020] Optionally, a T-shaped block is provided at one end of the limiting plate, and a sliding groove is provided in the wall of the limiting groove for the T-shaped block to slide.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the T-block slides in the sliding groove, providing guidance for the sliding of the limiting plate and ensuring the stability and accuracy of the sliding of the limiting plate. At the same time, when the limiting block rotates, the T-block and the wall of the sliding groove abut against each other, which can limit the rotation of the limiting block.

[0022] Optionally, the limiting component is a limiting ring, which is disposed on the outer peripheral side wall of the connecting seat. Multiple limiting grooves are evenly spaced on the bearing groove wall in the direction away from the groove opening, and the limiting ring is engaged with the limiting groove.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, when the connecting seat slides into the bearing groove, the limiting ring can be engaged in the limiting groove to restrict the sliding of the connecting seat, ensure the stability of the position of the connecting seat in the bearing groove, and thus ensure the connection stability between the connecting bolt and the outlet structure body.

[0024] Secondly, this application provides a construction method for a precast ventilation duct outlet structure of a cast-in-place concrete roof panel, employing the following technical solution: A construction method for a precast ventilation duct outlet structure in a cast-in-place concrete roof panel includes the following steps: S1: Construction equipment; S2: Casting of the prefabricated ventilation duct outlet structure, casting out the main body of the outlet structure; S3: Roof slab formwork erection, which involves erecting the roof slab formwork on the roof surface; S4: Installation of the prefabricated ventilation duct outlet structure: Based on the pre-reserved bolt positions on the outlet structure body, corresponding bolt holes are drilled in the roof panel template. Then, the outlet structure body is lifted to the pre-reserved ventilation duct opening using a tower crane, so that the connecting bolts pass through the bolt holes on the roof panel template, and finally tightened and fixed using connecting nuts and washers; S5: Roof panel reinforcement binding, binding and fixing the connecting steel bar segments to the reserved steel bars in the roof panel; S6: After the formwork and rebar tying work of the roof slab concrete construction have all passed the acceptance inspection, the concrete will be poured; after the concrete is poured, the top slab formwork will be removed, the nuts at the outlet of the precast ventilation duct will be loosened, and the top slab formwork will be removed to form an integral whole with the roof slab. S7: Wind cap construction and installation; S8: Construction of each layer of the roof structure; S9: Construction of the decorative layer of the hood.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solutions, the bolt hole positions can be planned in advance during the construction process, making the assembly of the prefabricated ventilation duct outlet structure and the roof panel more precise, avoiding misalignment during installation, and improving construction efficiency and quality.

[0026] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial effects: 1. The bottom connecting bolts of the outlet structure are inserted through the template supported on the roof panel and connected by connecting nuts. This can reduce the possibility of the prefabricated ventilation duct outlet structure shifting due to external forces during the reinforcement binding and concrete pouring process, and help reduce the possibility of misalignment between the ventilation duct outlet structure and the ventilation duct. 2. Connecting steel bars are installed on the outer perimeter sidewalls of the outlet structure, which can be tied and fixed with the reserved steel bars in the roof panel to enhance the stability of the connection between the outlet structure and the roof panel. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of Embodiment 1 of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of Embodiment 1 of this application; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of part A; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of Embodiment 2 of this application; Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Enlarged schematic diagram of part B; Figure 6 yes Figure 4 Enlarged schematic diagram of part C; Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the state when the limiting plate abuts against the limiting block in Embodiment 2 of this application; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the connector in Embodiment 2 of this application.

[0028] Reference numerals: 1. Outlet structure body; 11. Connecting bolt; 12. Connecting nut; 13. Connecting steel bar segment; 131. Fixing groove; 14. Ventilation cap; 15. Ventilation window; 16. Round head hanging nail; 17. Connecting groove; 18. Waterproof groove; 19. Waterproof baffle; 2. Mounting base; 21. Slot; 3. Slot; 31. Insertion groove; 32. Fixing arc plate; 33. Fixing block; 34. Driving arc block; 4. Bearing base; 41 411. Bearing groove; 5. Limiting groove; 6. Connecting seat; 51. Sliding groove; 52. Limiting groove; 521. Sliding groove; 53. Limiting block; 531. Bolt groove; 54. Limiting ring; 55. Limiting plate; 551. T-block; 56. Drive spring; 6. Control assembly; 61. Control shaft; 611. Control groove; 62. Control arc plate; 63. Water storage bladder; 631. Connecting pipe; 64. Connecting pipe; 65. Control water bladder. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-8 This application will be described in further detail.

[0030] This application discloses a prefabricated ventilation duct outlet structure for cast-in-place concrete roof panels.

[0031] Example 1 See Figure 1 and Figure 2 The precast ventilation duct outlet structure of the cast-in-place concrete roof panel provided in this application embodiment includes an outlet structure body 1, multiple connecting bolts 11, multiple connecting nuts 12, multiple connecting steel bar segments 13, a wind cap 14, and multiple ventilation windows 15.

[0032] See Figure 2 and Figure 3 In this structure, multiple connecting bolts 11 are respectively set at the bottom of the outlet structure body 1 and pass through the template supported by the roof panel. Multiple connecting nuts 12 are respectively threaded to the connecting bolts 11. Multiple connecting steel bar segments 13 are respectively set on the outer peripheral side wall of the outlet structure body 1. The wind cap 14 is set at the top of the outlet structure body 1. Multiple ventilation windows 15 are respectively set on the outer peripheral side wall of the outlet structure body 1. This structural arrangement allows the outlet structure body 1 to be fixed to the template by the connecting bolts 11 and connecting nuts 12 during installation, reducing the possibility of displacement caused by external forces during subsequent construction. This helps to ensure accurate connection between the ventilation duct outlet structure and the ventilation duct, and improves the stability and accuracy of the installation.

[0033] Specifically, the outlet structure body 1 is the main part of the entire ventilation duct outlet structure. The shape of the outlet structure body 1 can be designed according to actual needs, and it is generally a square cylindrical structure. The material can be concrete, etc., which has good strength and durability. The outlet structure body 1 can also be made of other composite materials with similar strength and durability.

[0034] The connecting bolt 11 is usually made of metal, such as stainless steel or carbon steel. One end of the bolt head of the connecting bolt 11 can be pre-embedded in the bottom of the outlet structure body 1, and the other end passes through the bolt hole in the template for the installation of the connecting nut 12. The connecting bolt 11 can also be made of high-strength plastic to reduce the overall weight.

[0035] The connecting nut 12 is compatible with the connecting bolt 11, and the outlet structure body 1 is fixed to the template by a threaded connection, reducing the possibility of shaking or displacement of the outlet structure body 1 during construction. The connecting nut 12 can also be a nut with anti-loosening function to further improve the stability of the connection.

[0036] The connecting steel bar segment 13 is pre-embedded in the outer peripheral side wall of the outlet structure body 1, and is used to tie and fix it with the reserved steel bars of the roof panel, thereby enhancing the connection strength between the outlet structure body 1 and the roof panel. The connecting steel bar segment 13 can be a round steel bar or a square steel bar, etc.

[0037] The hood 14 is fixed to the top of the outlet structure body 1, serving to protect against rain and wind. The hood 14 can be conical, hemispherical, or other shapes, and can be made of materials such as metal, plastic, or concrete. The hood 14 can also be made of materials with self-cleaning functions to reduce maintenance costs.

[0038] Ventilation windows 15 are fixed to the outer peripheral sidewall of the outlet structure body 1 for ventilation. The shape of ventilation windows 15 can be square, round, etc., and the number and size can be designed according to ventilation requirements. Adjustable louvers can also be installed on ventilation windows 15 for easy control of ventilation volume.

[0039] The outlet structure body 1, connecting steel bar section 13, wind cap 14 and ventilation window 15 are assembled together. Connecting bolts 11 and connecting nuts 12 ensure the stability of the outlet structure body 1 during installation. Connecting steel bar section 13 strengthens the connection with the roof panel. Wind cap 14 and ventilation window 15 meet the functional requirements of the ventilation duct.

[0040] Specifically, the top of the outlet structure body 1 is pre-embedded with multiple round-headed lifting spikes 16. These spikes 16 are generally made of metal, such as steel nails. The round head design of the spikes 16 reduces the possibility of damage to the lifting equipment during lifting. The spikes 16 can also feature an anti-slip texture design to improve lifting safety. The round-headed lifting spikes 16 can be fixed to the top of the outlet structure body 1 by welding or pre-embedding, facilitating lifting operations of the outlet structure body 1 by tower cranes and other lifting equipment.

[0041] A connecting groove 17 extending circumferentially is provided on the outer peripheral side wall of the outlet structure body 1 near the bottom. The connecting groove 17 can increase the contact area between the outlet structure body 1 and the concrete, thereby improving the strength of the connection. The cross-sectional shape of the connecting groove 17 can be rectangular, trapezoidal, etc. The connecting groove 17 can also have some protrusions or depressions inside the groove to further enhance the bonding force with the concrete.

[0042] A circumferentially extending waterproof groove 18 is formed on the outer peripheral side wall of the outlet structure body 1, and a waterproof baffle 19 is provided on the outlet body, extending circumferentially. During installation, the waterproof baffle 19 is inserted into the waterproof groove 18 and fixed by adhesive, cement, etc. In use, the waterproof baffle 19 is used to block rainwater, reduce the amount of rainwater flowing down the outer wall of the outlet structure body 1, and reduce the possibility of rainwater seeping into the connection between the outlet structure body 1 and the roof panel.

[0043] The implementation principle of the precast ventilation duct outlet structure for a cast-in-place concrete roof panel in Embodiment 1 of this application is as follows: The outlet structure body 1 is fixed to the formwork by connecting bolts 11 and connecting nuts 12, reducing the possibility of displacement of the outlet structure body 1 due to external forces during the reinforcement binding and concrete pouring process, and ensuring accurate connection between the ventilation duct outlet structure and the ventilation duct. At the same time, the round-headed lifting nails 16 facilitate lifting operations, and the connecting grooves 17 enhance the connection with the concrete, which helps to improve the connection stability of the outlet structure body 1.

[0044] Example 2 See Figure 4 and Figure 5 The difference between this embodiment and the previous embodiment is that the connecting steel bar segment 13 and the connecting bolt 11 are movably connected to the outlet structure body 1. Multiple mounting seats 2 are pre-embedded and fixed on the outer periphery of the outlet structure body 1. Each mounting seat 2 corresponds to one of the connecting steel bar segments 13, and each mounting seat 2 has a slot 21. The mounting seats 2 are generally made of metal or plastic and are fixed to the outer periphery of the outlet structure body 1 through pre-embedded connections. The mounting seats 2 can also be manufactured using an integrated molding method to improve their strength and stability.

[0045] Mounting base 2 is provided with a retaining bracket 3, which can be snapped into the retaining groove 21. The retaining bracket 3 has an insertion slot 31, into which the connecting steel bar segment 13 is inserted. The retaining bracket 3 can be made of metal, and its shape is adapted to the retaining groove 21 so that it can be tightly snapped into the retaining groove 21. The retaining bracket 3 can also be made of a flexible material for easy installation and disassembly.

[0046] A fixing arc plate 32 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the card holder 3. Multiple fixing arc plates 32 are arranged circumferentially around the insertion slot 31, with the concave side of the arc shape facing the central axis of the slot 21. A fixing block 33 is fixedly connected to the concave side wall of the fixing arc plate 32. A fixing groove 131 extending circumferentially is provided on the outer circumferential side wall of the connecting rebar segment 13, and the fixing groove 131 is adapted to the fixing block 33. The fixing arc plate 32 and the fixing block 33 can be made of metal. A driving arc block 34 is fixedly connected to the convex side of the arc shape of the fixing arc plate 32. When the card holder 3 is inserted into the slot 21, the driving arc block 34 slides on the card holder 3, driving the fixing arc plate 32 to rotate towards the connecting rebar segment 13, causing the fixing block 33 to be inserted into the fixing groove 131, thereby fixing the connecting rebar segment 13 within the card holder 3. During installation, first insert the connecting steel bar segment 13 into the insertion slot 31, then slide the connecting steel bar segment 13 to the bottom of the pre-reserved steel mesh on the roof panel. After the outlet structure body 1 is placed and fixed, the card seat 3 is inserted into the card slot 21. At this time, the connecting steel bar segment 13 and the outlet structure body 1 are connected and fixed, and the pre-reserved steel mesh on the roof panel can restrict the connecting steel bar segment 13, further improving the connection stability of the outlet structure body 1.

[0047] See Figure 6 The bottom of the outlet structure body 1 is provided with a bearing seat 4. There are multiple bearing seats 4, and each one corresponds to a connecting bolt 11. The bearing seats 4 can be made of concrete or metal and are fixed to the bottom of the outlet structure body 1 by pre-embedding or welding.

[0048] The support seat 4 has a support groove 41, and a connecting seat 5 is provided on the support seat 4. The connecting seat 5 slides up and down in the support groove 41. The connecting seat 5 can be made of metal, and the surface of the connecting seat 5 can be smoothed to reduce friction when sliding in the support groove 41. The connecting seat 5 can also adopt a design with a guide structure to ensure that its sliding direction in the support groove 41 is accurate.

[0049] The bearing groove 41 is equipped with a limiting component. When the connecting seat 5 slides into the bearing groove 41, the limiting component restricts the sliding of the connecting seat 5, which helps to maintain the state of the connecting seat 5. The limiting component can be a limiting ring 54, which is fixedly connected to the outer peripheral side wall of the connecting seat 5. The bearing groove 41 has multiple limiting grooves 411, which are evenly spaced away from the groove opening. The limiting ring 54 is engaged in the limiting groove 411. The limiting component can also be other forms such as elastic pins to limit the connection seat 5.

[0050] The connecting seat 5 has a sliding groove 51, and the connecting bolt 11 is movably connected in the sliding groove 51. The groove area of ​​the sliding groove 51 is larger than the bolt head end area of ​​the connecting bolt 11, ensuring that the connecting bolt 11 can move freely in the sliding groove 51, which is beneficial for adjusting the position of the connecting bolt 11 so that the connecting bolt 11 can be aligned with the bolt holes on the roof panel where the template is supported.

[0051] The connecting seat 5 has a limiting groove 52 that surrounds and communicates with the sliding groove 51. The connecting seat 5 is provided with a limiting block 53, which is slidably connected to the limiting groove 52. The limiting block 53 has a bolt groove 531 for the connecting bolt 11 to be inserted. The limiting block 53 can be made of metal and is fixed in the connecting seat 5 by bolts or welding.

[0052] See Figure 6 and Figure 7 The connecting seat 5 is provided with two limiting plates 55, which are arranged opposite to each other. The limiting plates 55 are slidably connected in the limiting groove 52, and the limiting block 53 is located between the two opposite limiting plates 55. The limiting plates 55 can be metal plates, and the surface of the limiting plates 55 can be smoothed to reduce the friction when sliding in the limiting groove 52.

[0053] The connecting seat 5 is equipped with two drive springs 56, each corresponding to a limiting plate 55. One end of each drive spring 56 abuts against the side of the limiting plate 55 away from the limiting block 53, and the other end abuts against the wall of the limiting groove 52. When the drive spring 56 is released elastically, it pushes the limiting plate 55 to slide towards the limiting block 53 until the limiting plate 55 abuts against the side wall of the limiting block 53. The drive spring 56 can provide a constant thrust, ensuring that the limiting plate 55 always abuts against the side wall of the limiting block 53. Other elastic elements, such as rubber springs, can also be used for the drive spring 56.

[0054] See Figure 7 and Figure 8 The connecting seat 5 is equipped with a control component 6. When the connecting seat 5 slides into the bearing groove 41, the control component 6 controls the relative limiting plate 55 to enter the fixed state, reducing the possibility of the connecting bolt 11 rotating. When the connecting seat 5 slides out of the bearing groove 41, the control component 6 controls the relative limiting plate 55 to enter the movable state.

[0055] The control assembly 6 includes a control shaft 61, a control arc plate 62, a water storage bladder 63, a connecting pipe 64, and a control water bladder 65. The control shaft 61 is fixedly connected to the limiting groove 52, and the control shaft 61 is perpendicular to the connecting bolt 11. The limiting plate 55 is slidably connected to the control shaft 61. The control shaft 61 can be a metal shaft, and its surface can be smoothed to reduce the friction when the limiting plate 55 slides on the control shaft 61.

[0056] A control groove 611 extending axially is provided on the outer periphery of the control shaft 61. There are multiple control grooves 611, which are evenly spaced circumferentially. The control arc plate 62 slides radially within the control groove 611 along the control shaft 61. The control arc plate 62 is generally made of metal, and its shape is adapted to the control groove 611, allowing it to slide flexibly within the control groove 611.

[0057] See Figure 6 and Figure 8 The control water bladders 65 are installed one-to-one within the control slots 611. The opposite sidewalls of each control water bladder 65 are fixedly connected to the control arc plate 62 and the slot wall of the control slot 611, respectively. A connecting pipe 631 connects adjacent control water bladders 65. The control water bladders 65 can be made of elastic materials such as rubber, capable of storing and releasing liquid. The control water bladders 65 can also be made of explosion-proof materials to improve safety during use.

[0058] The water storage bladder 63 is fixed to the side of the connecting seat 5 away from the sliding groove 51. The connecting pipe 64 passes through the control shaft 61 and the connecting seat 5. One end of the connecting pipe 64 is connected and fixed to the water storage bladder 63, and the other end is connected and fixed to one of the control bladders 65. The connecting pipe 64 is generally a rubber tube or a plastic tube, which has good flexibility and sealing performance.

[0059] See Figure 7 and Figure 8 When the connecting seat 5 slides into the bearing groove 41, the water storage bladder 63 is squeezed by the groove wall of the bearing groove 41, causing the water in the water storage bladder 63 to flow into the control bladder 65 through the connecting pipe 64, and the control bladders 65 are connected by the connecting pipe 631 (the connecting pipe 631 is in Figure 6 When the control water bladder 65 expands, it causes the control arc plate 62 to press against the limiting plate 55. A T-shaped block 551 is fixedly connected to one end of the limiting plate 55. The wall of the limiting groove 52 has a sliding groove 521. The extension direction of the sliding groove 521 is parallel to the control shaft 61. The T-shaped block 551 slides in the sliding groove 521. The design of the T-shaped block 551 and the sliding groove 521 can ensure the stability of the limiting plate 55 during the sliding process. When the connecting nut 12 is threaded onto the connecting bolt 11, the contact between the T-shaped block 551 and the wall of the sliding groove 521 can limit the sliding of the limiting plate 55, which is beneficial to improving the ability of the limiting plate 55 to limit the rotation of the limiting block 53.

[0060] The implementation principle of the precast ventilation duct outlet structure for a cast-in-place concrete roof panel in Embodiment 2 of this application is as follows: Mounting bracket 2 and clamping bracket 3 enable rapid installation and fixation of the connecting steel bar segment 13. Simultaneously, the connecting steel bar segment 13 can be installed below the pre-reserved steel mesh on the roof panel, which helps improve the installation stability of the outlet structure body 1. The arrangement of the bearing seat 4, connecting seat 5, and control component 6 allows adjustment of the position of the connecting bolt 11, ensuring alignment between the connecting bolt 11 and the bolt holes on the roof panel supporting the formwork. The entire structure is rationally designed, easy to install, and improves construction efficiency and quality, representing a significant improvement and enhancement compared to existing technologies.

[0061] Example 3 On the other hand, this application discloses a construction method for a precast ventilation duct outlet structure of a cast-in-place concrete roof panel, including the following steps: Step 1: Construction Equipment. Before construction, organize construction technicians to carefully study technical specifications, standards, and construction drawings, and familiarize themselves with the drawings. Based on the designed construction drawings, determine the relative positions, dimensions, reinforcement, height, and other requirements of each roof ventilation duct. All reserved and embedded parts and their locations must be calculated to ensure safety and accuracy. Prepare a specialized construction plan, and conduct a briefing on the approved plan and construction operations, clarifying the methods for each part. Select a flat and solid precast component processing site, and simultaneously prepare personnel, machinery, and materials for construction.

[0062] Step 2: Casting of the prefabricated ventilation duct outlet structure.

[0063] (1) Reinforcing bar binding: In the processing area, reinforcing bar cages with Φ6 spacing matching the spacing of the roof panel reinforcing bars are bound, with a 300mm long reinforcing bar reserved at the bottom for lap connection with the roof panel reinforcing bars. M10 hexagonal head bolts are pre-embedded at each of the four corners of the bottom of the mold, with the exposed length of the bolts preferably being 25mm. Four lifting points are pre-embedded at the four corners of the top. The bottom end of the lifting nail is fixed to the reinforcing bar mesh with Φ8 round steel additional bars (the length of which is determined according to the stress calculation). The specifications, spacing, and types of embedded parts of the reinforcing bars must correspond to the drawings and pass the acceptance inspection.

[0064] The ventilation duct cover is 100mm thick and its dimensions are the outer edge of the prefabricated ventilation duct opening plus 300mm. It has a double-layer steel mesh with Φ6@200mm inside and the top opening is shaped as a four-sided slope.

[0065] (2) Formwork fabrication: At the selected component processing site, prefabricated ventilation duct outlet molds are fabricated using existing on-site formwork and our own materials. The inner frame dimensions of the mold are the dimensions of the opening reserved in the drawings, the height is the thickness of the concrete roof slab + 600mm (and not less than the height of the parapet wall), the cross-sectional dimensions are 120mm, and a 50mm wide and 20mm deep groove is left in the middle part in contact with the floor slab for embedding with the roof slab. First, the assembled inner mold is placed on the base, then the tied Φ6 steel cage with a spacing of 200mm is placed between the outer mold and the inner mold, and finally the assembled outer mold is placed on the base.

[0066] (3) Concrete pouring: Before pouring concrete on site, the formwork, reinforcing bars and embedded parts should be inspected. Clean up debris, water and dirt on the reinforcing bars, pour concrete of the same grade as the top slab concrete, and use a vibrator to vibrate outside the formwork. After the strength is greater than 1.2 MPa, remove the formwork and continue curing for 3 days.

[0067] Step 3: Roof slab formwork erection. The roof slab formwork is erected on the roof. The formwork must be installed firmly and flat to provide a foundation for subsequent construction.

[0068] Step 4: Installation of the prefabricated ventilation duct outlet structure. Based on the positions of the pre-reserved connecting bolts 11 on the outlet structure body 1, corresponding bolt holes are drilled on the roof panel template. Then, the outlet structure body 1 is lifted by a tower crane to the opening of the pre-reserved ventilation duct, so that the connecting bolts 11 pass through the bolt holes on the roof panel template. Finally, the connecting nuts 12 and washers are tightened to ensure the stable installation of the outlet structure body 1.

[0069] Step 5: Roof panel reinforcement binding. Bind and fix the connecting steel bar segment 13 to the reserved steel bar of the roof panel to enhance the connection strength between the outlet structure body 1 and the roof panel.

[0070] Step Six: Roof Slab Concrete Construction. After the formwork and reinforcement works have all passed inspection, concrete pouring will commence. Following concrete pouring, timely and effective curing measures will be implemented. Based on the test block strength report, the roof slab formwork will be removed. Nuts at the precast ventilation duct outlets will be loosened, and the roof slab formwork will be removed to form a unified structure with the roof slab.

[0071] Step 7: Construct and install the wind cap 14. Securely fix the prefabricated top cover in the center. When using a prefabricated wind cap 14, pre-drill holes with a diameter of 20mm and a depth of 250mm at the center of the columns at the four corners of the wind cap 14 base. During installation, first fill the holes with a portion of diluted cement grout mixed with construction adhesive. After the reinforcing steel bars for installing the wind cap 14 are inserted into the holes, fill them completely with diluted cement grout mixed with construction adhesive. If the installation height of the wind cap 14 exceeds that of the lightning protection strip, the wind cap 14 should be connected to the lightning protection strip.

[0072] Step 8: Construction of each roof construction layer. Before constructing each roof construction layer, apply polyurethane waterproof coating to the joint between the ventilation duct and the roof structural slab, with a width of not less than 300mm. Proceed with the construction of each roof construction layer according to the normal procedure. During the construction of the roof leveling layer, a cement mortar rounded corner with a radius of not less than 100mm should be made at the base of the flue. An additional waterproof layer should be added at the rounded corner, turned up into the groove, and fixed with metal strip nails. The spacing between the fixing nails should be ≤500mm, and the joint should be sealed with sealant.

[0073] Step Nine: Construction of the decorative layer of the hood 14. The decorative layer of the hood 14 is constructed according to the normal procedure to decorate the hood 14 and make its appearance more beautiful.

[0074] The implementation principle of the construction method for the precast ventilation duct outlet structure of the cast-in-place concrete roof panel in Embodiment 3 of this application is as follows: This construction method, through a reasonable arrangement of steps, first fixes the outlet structure 1 to the template using connecting bolts 11 and connecting nuts 12, reducing the possibility of misalignment during installation. Then, it proceeds with the reinforcement binding, concrete pouring, and other construction steps in sequence, ensuring a firm connection between the ventilation duct outlet structure and the roof panel. Finally, it completes the installation of the wind cap 14 and the construction of each layer of the roof, improving construction efficiency and quality. Compared with traditional construction methods, this method represents a significant improvement and enhancement.

[0075] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A precast ventilation duct outlet structure for cast-in-place concrete roof panels, characterized in that: Including the export structure body (1); There are multiple connecting bolts (11) respectively located at the bottom of the outlet structure body (1), and the connecting bolts (11) are inserted through the template supported on the roof panel; Multiple connecting nuts (12) are threaded onto the connecting bolts (11); There are multiple connecting steel bar segments (13), which are respectively set on the outer peripheral sidewall of the outlet structure body (1); A vent cap (14) is installed on top of the outlet structure body (1); There are multiple ventilation windows (15) respectively located on the outer peripheral sidewall of the outlet structure body (1).

2. The precast ventilation duct outlet structure for cast-in-place concrete roof panels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the outlet structure body (1) is provided with multiple round-headed hanging nails (16).

3. The precast ventilation duct outlet structure for cast-in-place concrete roof panels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer peripheral sidewall (1) of the outlet structure body (1) is provided with a connecting groove (17) extending in the circumferential direction near the bottom.

4. The precast ventilation duct outlet structure for a cast-in-place concrete roof panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: A waterproof groove (18) is provided on the outer peripheral side wall of the outlet structure body (1), and a waterproof baffle (19) is provided on the outlet structure body (1) to be inserted into the waterproof groove (18).

5. The precast ventilation duct outlet structure for cast-in-place concrete roof panels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer periphery of the outlet structure body (1) is provided with multiple mounting seats (2), each mounting seat (2) corresponds to a connecting steel bar segment (13), and each mounting seat (2) is provided with a slot (21). The mounting base (2) is provided with a mounting seat (3) that can be inserted into the mounting slot (21), and the mounting seat (3) has a plug groove (31) for the connecting steel bar segment (13) to be inserted. The card holder (3) has multiple fixed arc plates (32) arranged around the insertion slot (31) on its side wall. The fixed arc plates (32) have fixed blocks (33) arranged on their inner walls. The connecting steel bar section (13) has a fixed slot (131) on its outer peripheral side wall. The outer wall of the fixed arc plate (32) is provided with a driving arc block (34). When the card seat (3) is inserted into the card groove (21), the driving arc block (34) slides on the card seat (3), driving the fixed arc plate (32) to flip in the direction of the connecting steel bar segment (13), and driving the fixed block (33) to be inserted into the fixed groove (131).

6. The precast ventilation duct outlet structure for cast-in-place concrete roof panels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the outlet structure body (1) is provided with a bearing seat (4), and there are multiple bearing seats (4) that correspond one-to-one with the connecting bolts (11); The support seat (4) has a support groove (41), and the support seat (4) is provided with a connecting seat (5) that slides up and down in the support groove (41). The bearing groove (41) is provided with a limiting member. When the connecting seat (5) slides into the bearing groove (41), the limiting member restricts the sliding of the connecting seat (5). The connecting seat (5) has a sliding groove (51), and the connecting bolt (11) is movably connected in the sliding groove (51); The connecting seat (5) has a limiting groove (52) that surrounds and communicates with the sliding groove (51), and the connecting seat (5) is provided with a limiting block (53). The limiting block (53) has a bolt groove (531) for the connecting bolt (11) to be inserted. The connecting seat (5) is disposed opposite to and slidably connected to a limiting plate (55) located in the limiting groove (52), and the limiting block (53) is located between the limiting plates (55); The connecting seat (5) is provided with a driving spring (56) that drives the relative limiting plate (55) to slide against the side wall of the limiting block (53). The connecting seat (5) is provided with a control component (6). When the connecting seat (5) slides into the bearing groove (41), the control component (6) controls the relative limiting plate (55) to enter a fixed state. When the connecting seat (5) slides out of the bearing groove (41), the control component (6) controls the relative limiting plate (55) to enter the active state.

7. The precast ventilation duct outlet structure for a cast-in-place concrete roof panel according to claim 6, characterized in that: The control component (6) includes a control shaft (61), a control arc plate (62), a water storage bladder (63), a connecting pipe (64), and a control water bladder (65). The control shaft (61) is disposed in the limiting groove (52), and the limiting plate (55) is slidably connected to the control shaft (61). The control shaft (61) has a plurality of control slots (611) evenly spaced along the circumferential direction on its outer periphery, and the control arc plate (62) slides radially within the control slots (611) along the control shaft (61). The control water bladders (65) are installed in the control slots (611) and correspond one-to-one. A connecting pipe (631) connects adjacent control water bladders (65). The water storage bladder (63) is disposed on the side of the connecting seat (5) away from the sliding groove (51), and the connecting pipe (64) passes through the control shaft (61) and the connecting seat (5). The two ends of the connecting pipe (64) are respectively connected to the water storage bladder (63) and one of the control bladders (65). When the connecting seat (5) slides into the bearing groove (41), the water storage bladder (63) is squeezed. At this time, the control bladder (65) expands, causing the control arc plate (62) to press against the limiting plate (55).

8. The precast ventilation duct outlet structure for a cast-in-place concrete roof panel according to claim 7, characterized in that: A T-shaped block (551) is provided on one end of the limiting plate (55), and a sliding groove (521) is provided on the groove wall of the limiting groove (52) for the T-shaped block (551) to slide.

9. The precast ventilation duct outlet structure for cast-in-place concrete roof panels according to claim 7, characterized in that: The limiting component is a limiting ring (54), which is disposed on the outer peripheral side wall of the connecting seat (5). Multiple limiting grooves (411) are evenly spaced on the wall of the bearing groove (41) in the direction away from the groove opening. The limiting ring (54) is engaged with the limiting groove (411).

10. A construction method for a precast ventilation duct outlet structure of a cast-in-place concrete roof panel, employing the precast ventilation duct outlet structure of a cast-in-place concrete roof panel as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Construction equipment; S2: Casting of prefabricated ventilation duct outlet structure, casting out the outlet structure body (1). S3: Roof slab formwork erection, which involves erecting the roof slab formwork on the roof surface; S4: Installation of prefabricated ventilation duct outlet structure: According to the position of the connecting bolt (11) reserved on the outlet structure body (1), the corresponding bolt holes are opened on the roof panel template; then, the outlet structure body (1) is lifted by tower crane to the opening of the reserved ventilation duct, so that the connecting bolt (11) passes through the bolt hole on the top plate template, and finally is tightened and fixed by the connecting nut (12) and the washer; S5: Roof panel reinforcement binding, the connecting reinforcement section (13) is bound and fixed to the reserved reinforcement of the roof panel; S6: After the formwork and rebar tying work of the roof slab concrete construction have all passed the acceptance inspection, the concrete will be poured; after the concrete is poured, the top slab formwork will be removed, the nuts at the outlet of the precast ventilation duct will be loosened, and the top slab formwork will be removed to form an integral whole with the roof slab. S7: Wind cap (14) construction and installation; S8: Construction of each layer of the roof structure; S9: Construction of the decorative layer of the hood (14).

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