A shearer drum with a wear-resistant structure and a method of using the same

Abstract

The application provides a coal cutter drum with wear-resistant structure and a use method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of coal cutters. The coal cutter drum with wear-resistant structure comprises a drum body, further comprises: a rotating shaft, two rotating shafts are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the drum body, the end of the rotating shaft is connected with a connecting seat connected with the coal cutter, and a transmission part for driving the rotating shaft to rotate is arranged in the connecting seat; a spiral blade, two groups of spiral blades are symmetrically arranged at the two ends of the drum body, a plurality of tooth seats are arranged on each group of spiral blades, and a cutting tooth is clamped in each tooth seat; and a plug-in part, the plug-in part is movably connected in the drum body, a plurality of plug-in parts are arranged and connected with the plurality of tooth seats one by one, and a plug hole matched with the plug-in part is arranged on the tooth seat. Through the modular tooth seat, hydraulic linkage locking and double positioning structure, the problem of traditional welded drum maintenance in the mine is solved, and the maintenance efficiency and safety are significantly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coal mining machine technology, specifically to a coal mining machine drum with a wear-resistant structure and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] The coal mining drum is the core working mechanism of a drum coal mining machine, undertaking the critical tasks of coal breaking and loading. Its performance directly affects mining efficiency and coal quality. The drum breaks the coal face through high-speed rotating cutting teeth, while simultaneously using spiral blades to push the broken coal axially to the face conveyor, achieving continuous coal dropping and loading operations. Coal mines generally require drums with strong rock-breaking capabilities. Currently, in coal mining operations, harsh working faces are increasingly common, and mines often demand high production and efficiency. High power and low mining height have become the main trends in the development of coal mining machines, which places higher demands on the reliability of the coal mining drum.

[0003] Traditionally, the gear seats of coal mining machine drums are welded to the auger blades and end plates. If the gear seats wear out, they can only be planed off and then re-welded. However, there are no assembly tools underground, so it is impossible to accurately assemble them according to the coordinates of the tooth tips. Moreover, many coal mines in my country are high-gas mines, and open flames are not allowed underground. Therefore, the drum can only be transported to the surface to replace the gear seats. The transportation process is time-consuming and labor-intensive due to the large size of the drum. The replacement of the gear seats is even more complicated and inconvenient, thus wasting a lot of time and affecting work efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems existing in the prior art, and to propose a coal mining machine drum with a wear-resistant structure and its usage method.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A coal mining machine drum with a wear-resistant structure includes a drum body and further includes:

[0007] Two rotating shafts are provided and symmetrically arranged on both sides of the drum body. The ends of the rotating shafts are connected to the connecting seats that are connected to the coal mining machine. The connecting seats are provided with transmission components for driving the rotating shafts to rotate.

[0008] The spiral blades are arranged in two sets and symmetrically distributed at both ends of the drum body. Each set of spiral blades is provided with several tooth seats, and each tooth seat is fitted with a cutting tooth.

[0009] The connector is movably connected to the drum body. Multiple connectors are provided and are connected to several tooth seats one by one. The tooth seats are provided with insertion holes that cooperate with the connectors.

[0010] The roller body is provided with a drive unit for driving multiple plug-in components to operate simultaneously.

[0011] Preferably, the roller body includes a cylinder and a mounting plate fixed to the end of the cylinder. The inner wall of the cylinder has a movable groove for the insertion component to move, and the driving component is mounted on the mounting plate.

[0012] Preferably, the connector includes a swing rod rotatably connected to the cylinder via a pin, and a first elastic telescopic rod and a second elastic telescopic rod respectively disposed at both ends of the swing rod. The end of the first elastic telescopic rod away from the swing rod is movably connected to a positioning rod, which is slidably connected in the movable groove and the insertion hole. The end of the second elastic telescopic rod away from the swing rod is connected to the driving component.

[0013] Preferably, the driving component includes a hydraulic cylinder fixedly mounted on the mounting plate, a telescopic tube fixedly connected to the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder, a connecting plate connected to the telescopic end of the telescopic tube, and a connecting rod fixedly connected to the connecting plate. The second elastic telescopic rods of the plurality of plug-in components are rotatably connected to the connecting rod through pins.

[0014] Preferably, a limiting plate is fixed on the connecting plate, and a first limiting component and a second limiting component are provided in the roller body to limit the displacement of the limiting plate. A first limiting groove that cooperates with the first limiting component is provided on the limiting plate, and a second limiting groove that cooperates with the second limiting component is provided on the limiting plate.

[0015] Preferably, the first limiting component includes a first working groove formed in the roller body, a first limiting block slidably connected in the first working groove, and an elastic element disposed between the top of the first limiting block and the inner wall of the first working groove, wherein the first limiting block is slidably connected in the first limiting groove.

[0016] The second limiting component includes a second working groove formed in the roller body, a second limiting block slidably connected in the second working groove, and an elastic element two disposed between the top of the second limiting block and the inner wall of the second working groove, wherein the second limiting block is slidably connected in the second limiting groove.

[0017] Preferably, a connecting rod is fixedly provided on the telescopic tube. The end of the connecting rod away from the telescopic tube passes through the limiting plate and is fixedly provided with a driving rod for driving the displacement of the first limiting block and the second limiting block. A first groove for the movement of the driving rod is provided on the first limiting block, a second groove for the movement of the driving rod is provided on the second limiting block, a third groove for accommodating the first limiting block is provided on the driving rod, a fourth groove for accommodating the second limiting block is provided on the driving rod, a first inclined surface abutting against the movement of the driving rod is provided on the inner wall of the first groove, a second inclined surface abutting against the movement of the driving rod is provided on the inner wall of the second groove, and a third inclined surface abutting against the movement of the limiting plate is provided at the bottom of the second limiting block.

[0018] Preferably, both the roller body and the spiral blades are provided with mounting grooves for placing the gear seat. The inner wall of the mounting groove is provided with a side groove. An auxiliary positioning rod is slidably connected in the side groove. A second elastic element is provided between the auxiliary positioning rod and the inner wall of the side groove. The end of the auxiliary positioning rod away from the second elastic element is provided with an arc surface. An auxiliary positioning groove that cooperates with the auxiliary positioning rod is provided on the periphery of the gear seat.

[0019] Preferably, both the tooth holder and the cutting tooth are made of alloy steel, and the outer side of the cutting tooth is coated with a composite diamond coating or a tungsten carbide deep-melting coating.

[0020] This invention also discloses a method for using a coal mining machine drum with a wear-resistant structure, comprising the following steps:

[0021] S1: Connect the cutting tooth to the tooth holder to ensure reliable mechanical locking;

[0022] Insert the assembled toothed seats one by one into the mounting slot of the roller body. When inserting, the toothed seats press against the arc end of the auxiliary positioning rod, causing it to retract into the side slot.

[0023] Once the gear seat is fully in place, the auxiliary positioning rod is pushed into the auxiliary positioning groove of the gear seat by the second elastic element to achieve initial positioning.

[0024] S2: Control the hydraulic cylinder to retract, and pull the connecting plate through the telescopic tube. However, the first limit block is stuck in the first limit groove of the limit plate, preventing the connecting plate from moving.

[0025] When the telescopic tube retracts, the connecting rod drives the drive rod to press the first inclined surface of the first limiting block, causing it to move upward and disengage from the first limiting groove; at the same time, the second inclined surface of the second limiting block is no longer under force and moves downward and resets in the second groove.

[0026] S3: The hydraulic cylinder continues to retract, which drives the connecting plate to move through the telescopic tube. The connecting plate drives the connecting rod to move, pushing the second elastic telescopic rod, causing the swing rod to rotate around the pin shaft. The other end of the swing rod pushes the positioning insert rod through the first elastic telescopic rod to insert into the insertion hole of the tooth seat, completely penetrating and locking the tooth seat.

[0027] After the positioning rod is in place, the second limiting groove of the limiting plate is aligned with the second limiting block. The second limiting block is locked into the second limiting groove under the action of the elastic element connected to it, to prevent the hydraulic cylinder from loosening when it is depressurized.

[0028] S4: The coal mining machine drives the rotating shaft to rotate through the transmission components in the connecting seat. The drum body drives the cutting teeth to carry out coal mining operations, and the spiral blades push the crushed coal axially to the conveyor.

[0029] S5: When it is necessary to replace the damaged tooth seat, the hydraulic cylinder extends and the telescopic tube pushes the connecting plate. However, since the limit plate is limited by the second limit block and cannot move at this time, when the telescopic tube retracts, it drives the drive rod to move through the connecting rod. The drive rod presses the second inclined surface of the second limit block, causing it to move upward and get away from the second limit groove, thus releasing the limit plate from being fixed.

[0030] The connecting rod moves with the connecting plate and pulls the second elastic telescopic rod, causing the swing rod to rotate in the opposite direction. The first elastic telescopic rod pulls back the positioning rod and disengages it from the insertion hole.

[0031] The auxiliary positioning rod remains locked in the auxiliary positioning groove to prevent the toothed seat from falling off;

[0032] When removing the toothed seat to be replaced, the auxiliary positioning rod should avoid the toothed seat. After inserting the new toothed seat, repeat steps S2-S3 to relock it.

[0033] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0034] 1. In this invention, mechanical plugging combined with hydraulic locking achieves welding-free fixing, supporting direct replacement underground. This solves the problem that traditional tooth seat welding requires rework above ground, and hot work is strictly prohibited in high-gas mines. At the same time, the hydraulic cylinder can control the installation and fixing of all tooth seats simultaneously, eliminating the need to use bolts to connect and lock each tooth seat individually, significantly improving maintenance efficiency and safety, thereby ensuring coal mining safety and efficiency.

[0035] 2. In this invention, as the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder contracts, the telescopic tube is stretched. During this period, one end of the telescopic tube, which moves with the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder, drives the drive rod to move through the connecting rod. The drive rod no longer presses against the second inclined surface of the second limiting block, and at the same time, the drive rod presses against the first inclined surface of the first limiting block, causing the first limiting block to move upward. Meanwhile, the second limiting block moves downward under the push of the compressed elastic element II, thereby releasing the first limiting component from restricting the movement of the limiting plate, which helps to prevent misoperation.

[0036] 3. In this invention, as the hydraulic cylinder continues to retract, the hydraulic cylinder drives the connecting plate to move through the telescopic tube. The connecting plate drives the connecting rod and the limiting plate to move. After the connecting rod moves, it applies a force to the second elastic telescopic rod that is hinged to it. The second elastic telescopic rod drives the swing rod to rotate around the connection point between the swing rod and the cylinder pin. The swing rod pushes the positioning rod to move laterally in the movable groove through the first elastic telescopic rod connected to the other end, so that the positioning rod is inserted into the insertion hole of the tooth seat after the initial positioning, so as to realize the installation of the tooth seat. The hydraulic system is limited by the first limiting component and the second limiting component to ensure the stability of the locking state. The first limiting component controls the initial stage of the installation process, and the second limiting component ensures the stable locking of the working state, effectively preventing the hydraulic cylinder from loosening when depressurized, and solving the problem that the oil pump always maintains a high pressure state during the use of the hydraulic cylinder.

[0037] 4. In this invention, after the positioning rod is removed from the insertion hole of the tooth holder, each tooth holder will not fall off because it is still limited by the auxiliary positioning rod. The operator only needs to pull out the tooth holder that needs to be replaced. When the tooth holder is pulled out, it pushes the arc-shaped surface of the auxiliary positioning rod, so that the auxiliary positioning rod avoids the removal of the tooth holder. After the tooth holder is replaced, the tooth holder is fixed and limited again by the connector. By elastically setting the auxiliary positioning rod, positioning can be provided when the tooth holder is repaired or replaced, preventing the tooth holder from falling off after the hydraulic lock is removed. It can work in conjunction with the main locking system to provide double protection. The arc end face design facilitates the insertion and removal of the tooth holder.

[0038] 5. In this invention, the alloy steel material can provide sufficient strength and wear resistance for the tooth holder and the cutting tooth, and the diamond or tungsten carbide coating significantly extends the life of the cutting tooth. Attached Figure Description

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 This is a partial cross-sectional structural diagram of the roller body of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram of section A in the middle;

[0042] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram of section B in the middle;

[0043] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second limiting component of the present invention when locking the limiting plate;

[0044] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged structural diagram of section C;

[0045] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged structural diagram of section D in the middle;

[0046] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning rod of the present invention being inserted into the insertion hole;

[0047] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tooth holder and the cutting tooth of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the limiting plate of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the second limiting block of the present invention.

[0050] In the diagram: 1. Drum body; 101. Drum body; 102. Mounting plate; 2. Rotating shaft; 3. Connecting seat; 4. Spiral blade; 5. Gear seat; 501. Insertion hole; 502. Auxiliary positioning groove; 6. Cutting tooth; 7. Connector; 701. Swing rod; 702. First elastic telescopic rod; 703. Second elastic telescopic rod; 704. Positioning insert rod; 8. Movable groove; 9. Hydraulic cylinder; 901. Telescopic tube; 902. Connecting plate; 903. Connecting rod; 10. Limiting plate; 1001. First limiting groove; 1002. Second limiting groove; Limiting groove; 11, First working groove; 111, First limiting block; 1111, First groove; 1112, Second groove; 112, Elastic element one; 11', Second working groove; 111', Second limiting block; 112', Elastic element two; 12, Connecting rod; 121, Drive rod; 122, Third groove; 123, Fourth groove; 13, First inclined surface; 131, Second inclined surface; 132, Third inclined surface; 14, Mounting groove; 141, Side groove; 142, Auxiliary positioning rod; 143, Second elastic element. Detailed Implementation

[0051] A preferred embodiment of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0052] To achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of the present invention adopt the following technical solutions:

[0053] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 9This embodiment provides a coal mining machine drum with a wear-resistant structure, including a drum body 1, and further including: a rotating shaft 2, spiral blades 4, and a connector 7; two rotating shafts 2 are provided and symmetrically arranged on both sides of the drum body 1, and the ends of the rotating shafts 2 are connected to a connecting seat 3 connected to the coal mining machine. The connecting seat 3 is provided with a transmission component for driving the rotating shafts 2 to rotate. The two rotating shafts 2 symmetrically support the drum body 1. The connecting seat 3 has a built-in transmission component, such as a gear set or hydraulic motor in the prior art, to transmit the power of the coal mining machine to drive the drum body 1 to rotate; two sets of spiral blades 4 are provided and symmetrically distributed on the drum body. At both ends of 1, each set of spiral blades 4 is provided with several tooth seats 5, and each tooth seat 5 is fitted with a cutting tooth 6; the plug-in component 7 is movably connected inside the drum body 1, and multiple plug-in components 7 are provided and are connected one-to-one with several tooth seats 5. The tooth seats 5 are provided with insertion holes 501 that cooperate with the plug-in component 7; wherein, the drum body 1 is provided with a driving component for driving multiple plug-in components 7 to move simultaneously; the drum body 1 adopts a combination structure of cylinder 101 and end mounting plate 102. The inner wall of cylinder 101 is provided with movable grooves 8 for the plug-in component 7 to move, and the mounting plate 102 fixes the driving component to ensure overall rigidity;

[0054] Specifically, the cutting tooth 6 is snapped into the tooth seat 5 to ensure reliable mechanical locking, such as the U-shaped clip and spring pin in the existing technology, which will not be elaborated here. Then, the drive component is controlled to run. When the drive component runs, it drives multiple plug-in parts 7 to move at the same time, so that each plug-in part 7 is inserted into the corresponding plug hole 501 of the tooth seat 5. The installation and fixing of all tooth seats 5 can be controlled at the same time, without the need to use bolts to connect and lock each tooth seat 5 one by one. This significantly improves maintenance efficiency and safety, thereby ensuring coal mining safety and efficiency. It solves the problem of traditional welded drum maintenance in the mine, and significantly improves maintenance efficiency and safety.

[0055] It should be noted that the spiral blade 4 and the tooth seat 5 are made of alloy steel substrate, with a niobium carbide wear-resistant layer welded on the surface to resist coal and rock wear. The cutting tooth 6 has a composite diamond coating or a tungsten carbide deep-melting coating to improve its wear resistance and extend its service life.

[0056] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 8 and Figure 10As a preferred technical solution in this embodiment, the connector 7 includes a swing rod 701 rotatably connected to the cylinder 101 via a pin, and a first elastic telescopic rod 702 and a second elastic telescopic rod 703 respectively disposed at both ends of the swing rod 701. A positioning rod 704 is movably connected to the end of the first elastic telescopic rod 702 away from the swing rod 701. The positioning rod 704 is slidably connected to the movable groove 8 and the insertion hole 501. The end of the second elastic telescopic rod 703 away from the swing rod 701 is connected to the driving component. The swing rod 701 is rotatably connected to the cylinder 101 via a pin, serving as a power transmission hub to convert the linear motion of the driving component into a swinging motion. The first elastic telescopic rod 702 and the second elastic telescopic rod 703 have built-in spring buffer structures, which can compensate for installation tolerances and vibration displacements. The positioning rod 704 is slidably nested in the movable groove 8 and the insertion hole 501 of the toothed seat 5, achieving mechanical locking by inserting / removing from the toothed seat 5. The driving component synchronously controls multiple second elastic telescopic rods 703, realizing the linkage of all connectors 7.

[0057] It should be noted that the driving components include a hydraulic cylinder 9 fixed on the mounting plate 102, a telescopic tube 901 fixedly connected to the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 9, a connecting plate 902 connected to the telescopic end of the telescopic tube 901, and a connecting rod 903 fixedly connected to the connecting plate 902. A plate is provided inside the roller to assist in positioning the connecting rod 903, preventing it from bending due to excessive axial length. The connecting rod 903 moves relative to the plate for auxiliary positioning. Several second elastic telescopic rods 703 of the inserts 7 are rotatably connected to the connecting rod 903 via pins. During operation, the hydraulic cylinder 9 retracts, pulling the connecting plate 902 and the connecting rod 903 through the telescopic tube 901. The connecting rod 903 pushes the second elastic telescopic rods 703, driving the swing... The moving rod 701 rotates clockwise around the pin shaft, and the other end of the swing rod 701 pushes the positioning rod 704 through the first elastic telescopic rod 702, so that the positioning rod 704 moves laterally along the movable groove 8 until it is fully inserted into the insertion hole 501 of the tooth seat 5, forming a rigid lock, thereby realizing the locking of all tooth seats 5 on the drum body 1. The mechanical insertion combined with hydraulic locking achieves welding-free fixing, supports direct replacement underground, and solves the problem that traditional tooth seat 5 welding requires rework above ground, and hot work is strictly prohibited in high gas mines. At the same time, the hydraulic cylinder 9 can control the installation and fixing of all tooth seats 5 at the same time, without the need to use bolts to connect and lock each tooth seat 5 one by one, which significantly improves maintenance efficiency and safety, thereby ensuring coal mining safety and efficiency.

[0058] Reference Figures 2-11As a preferred technical solution in this embodiment, a limiting plate 10 is fixedly provided on the connecting plate 902, and a first limiting component and a second limiting component are provided inside the roller body 1 for limiting the displacement of the limiting plate 10. A first limiting groove 1001 that cooperates with the first limiting component is provided on the limiting plate 10, and a second limiting groove 1002 that cooperates with the second limiting component is provided on the limiting plate 10. Lubricating oil should be provided in the first limiting groove 1001 and the second limiting groove 1002 to prevent the first limiting block 111 and the second limiting block 111' from getting stuck.

[0059] Furthermore, the first limiting component includes a first working groove 11 opened in the roller body 1, a first limiting block 111 slidably connected in the first working groove 11, and an elastic element 112 disposed between the top of the first limiting block 111 and the inner wall of the first working groove 11. The first limiting block 111 is slidably connected in the first limiting groove 1001.

[0060] The second limiting component includes a second working groove 11' opened in the roller body 1, a second limiting block 111' slidably connected in the second working groove 11', and an elastic element 112' disposed between the top of the second limiting block 111' and the inner wall of the second working groove 11'. The second limiting block 111' is slidably connected in the second limiting groove 1002.

[0061] Furthermore, a connecting rod 12 is fixedly mounted on the telescopic tube 901. One end of the connecting rod 12, away from the telescopic tube 901, passes through the limiting plate 10 and is fixedly mounted with a driving rod 121 for driving the displacement of the limiting block 111. A first groove 1111 is formed on the first limiting block 111 for the movement of the driving rod 121. A second groove 1112 is formed on the second limiting block 111' for the movement of the driving rod 121. A third groove 122 is formed on the driving rod 121 for accommodating the first limiting block 111. A fourth groove 123 is provided for accommodating the second limiting block 111'. The inner wall of the first groove 1111 is provided with a first inclined surface 13 that moves against the drive rod 121. When the first inclined surface 13 contacts the drive rod 121, the first limiting block 111 moves upward and disengages from the first limiting groove 1001. The inner wall of the second groove 1112 is provided with a second inclined surface 131 that moves against the drive rod 121. The bottom of the second limiting block 111' is provided with a third inclined surface 132 that moves against the limiting plate 10, so as to achieve sliding avoidance.

[0062] Specifically, after all the toothed seats 5 are installed in the mounting groove 14 on the outer side of the roller body 1, the hydraulic cylinder 9 is controlled to run. The hydraulic cylinder 9 retracts and drives the connecting plate 902 to move through the telescopic tube 901. However, since the first limiting block 111 is inserted into the first limiting groove 1001 at this time, the connecting plate 902 and the limiting plate 10 cannot move. As the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 9 retracts, the telescopic tube 901 is stretched. During this period, one end of the telescopic tube 901, which moves with the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 9, drives the drive rod 1 through the connecting rod 12. 21 displacement, the drive rod 121 no longer presses against the second inclined surface 131 of the second limiting block 111', and the drive rod 121 simultaneously presses against the first inclined surface 13 of the first limiting block 111, causing the first limiting block 111 to move upward, while the second limiting block 111' moves downward under the push of the compressed elastic element 112', thereby releasing the first limiting assembly from restricting the movement of the limiting plate 10. As the hydraulic cylinder 9 continues to contract, the hydraulic cylinder 9 drives the connecting plate 902 to move through the telescopic tube 901. 902 drives the connecting rod 903 and the limiting plate 10 to move. After the connecting rod 903 moves, it applies a force to the second elastic telescopic rod 703 that is hinged to it. The second elastic telescopic rod 703 drives the swing rod 701 to rotate around the pin connection between the swing rod 701 and the cylinder 101. The swing rod 701 pushes the positioning rod 704 to move laterally in the movable groove 8 through the first elastic telescopic rod 702 connected to the other end, so that the positioning rod 704 is inserted into the insertion hole 501 of the toothed seat 5 after the initial positioning. During this period, the limiting plate 10 moves. Position plate 10 presses against the third inclined surface 132 of second limiting block 111'. The limiting block avoids the movement of limiting plate 10. When positioning rod 704 completely penetrates the insertion hole 501, the second limiting groove 1002 of limiting plate 10 is aligned with the second limiting block 111'. The second limiting block 111' is reset under the push of the elastic element 112' connected to it. The second limiting block 111' restricts the positioning of limiting plate 10. The positioning and installation of all tooth seats 5 on the outside of roller body 1 are realized, and the tooth seats 5 are installed stably.

[0063] When the damaged gear seat 5 needs to be replaced, the hydraulic cylinder 9 extends, and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 9 applies a thrust to the telescopic tube 901. Because the second limiting block 111' restricts the limiting plate 10 at this time, the connecting plate 902 and the connecting rod 903 cannot move. During the retraction of the telescopic tube 901, the connecting rod 12 drives the drive rod 121 to move, causing the drive rod 121 to press against the second inclined surface 131 of the second limiting block 111'. The second limiting block 111' moves upward and presses against the connected surface. With the elastic element 112' in place, the limiting plate 10 is no longer restricted. The telescopic tube 901 can drive the connecting plate 902 and the connecting rod 903 to move through the connecting plate 902. The displacement of the connecting rod 903 causes a force to be applied to the second elastic telescopic rod 703 that is hinged to it. The second elastic telescopic rod 703 drives the swing rod 701 to rotate around the pin. When the swing rod 701 rotates, it pulls the positioning rod 704 through the first elastic telescopic rod 702, causing the positioning rod 704 to move out of the insertion hole 501 of the tooth seat 5.

[0064] The hydraulic system is limited by the first and second limit components to prevent misoperation and ensure stable locking. The first limit component controls the initial stage of the installation process, and the second limit component ensures stable locking of the working state, effectively preventing the hydraulic cylinder 9 from loosening when depressurized, and solving the problem of the oil pump always maintaining a high pressure state during the use of the hydraulic cylinder 9.

[0065] It should be noted that, to prevent the gear seat 5 from automatically falling off after all the connectors 7 are released from their limiting position, mounting grooves 14 for placing the gear seat 5 are provided on both the roller body 1 and the spiral blades 4. A side groove 141 is provided on the inner wall of the mounting groove 14, and an auxiliary positioning rod 142 is slidably connected within the side groove 141. A second elastic element 143 is provided between the auxiliary positioning rod 142 and the inner wall of the side groove 141. The end of the auxiliary positioning rod 142 away from the second elastic element 143 is set as an arc surface, and a ball bearing can also be added to its end. An auxiliary positioning groove that cooperates with the auxiliary positioning rod 142 is provided on the periphery of the gear seat 5. 502; Specifically, after the positioning rod 704 moves out of the insertion hole 501 of the tooth seat 5, each tooth seat 5 will not fall off because it is still limited by the auxiliary positioning rod 142. The operator only needs to pull out the tooth seat 5 that needs to be replaced. When the tooth seat 5 is pulled out, it pushes the arc surface of the auxiliary positioning rod 142, so that the auxiliary positioning rod 142 avoids the movement of the tooth seat 5. After the tooth seat 5 is replaced, the tooth seat 5 is fixed and limited again by the connector 7. The tooth seat 5 can be square or round. When it is round, a guide structure should be set in the mounting groove 14 to ensure that the insertion hole 501 of the tooth seat 5 is matched with the auxiliary positioning rod 142 after insertion.

[0066] This invention also discloses a method for using a coal mining machine drum with a wear-resistant structure, comprising the following steps:

[0067] S1: Engage the cutting tooth 6 into the tooth holder 5 to ensure reliable mechanical locking;

[0068] The assembled toothed seats 5 are inserted one by one into the mounting groove 14 of the roller body 1. When inserted, the toothed seats 5 press the arc end of the auxiliary positioning rod 142, causing it to retract into the side groove 141.

[0069] Once the gear seat 5 is fully in place, the auxiliary positioning rod 142 is pushed into the auxiliary positioning groove 502 of the gear seat 5 by the second elastic element 143, thus achieving initial positioning.

[0070] S2: Control the hydraulic cylinder 9 to retract, and pull the connecting plate 902 through the telescopic tube 901. However, the first limit block 111 is stuck in the first limit groove 1001 of the limit plate 10, preventing the connecting plate 902 from moving.

[0071] When the telescopic tube 901 retracts, the connecting rod 12 drives the drive rod 121 to press the first inclined surface 13 of the first limiting block 111, causing it to move upward and disengage from the first limiting groove 1001; at the same time, the second inclined surface 131 of the second limiting block 111' is no longer under force and moves downward and resets in the second groove 1112.

[0072] S3: The hydraulic cylinder 9 continues to retract, which drives the connecting plate 902 to move through the telescopic tube 901. The connecting plate 902 drives the connecting rod 903 to move, pushing the second elastic telescopic rod 703, causing the swing rod 701 to rotate around the pin. The other end of the swing rod 701 pushes the positioning rod 704 through the first elastic telescopic rod 702 to insert into the insertion hole 501 of the tooth seat 5, completely penetrating and locking the tooth seat 5.

[0073] After the positioning rod 704 is in place, the second limiting groove 1002 of the limiting plate 10 is aligned with the second limiting block 111'. The second limiting block 111' is locked into the second limiting groove 1002 under the action of the elastic element 112' connected to it, to prevent the hydraulic cylinder 9 from loosening when it is depressurized.

[0074] S4: The coal mining machine drives the rotating shaft 2 to rotate through the transmission component in the connecting seat 3, the drum body 1 drives the cutting teeth 6 to carry out coal mining operations, and the spiral blades 4 push the crushed coal axially to the conveyor.

[0075] S5: When it is necessary to replace the damaged tooth seat 5, the hydraulic cylinder 9 extends and the telescopic tube 901 pushes the connecting plate 902. However, since the limiting plate 10 is limited by the second limiting block 111' and cannot move at this time, when the telescopic tube 901 retracts, it drives the drive rod 121 to move through the connecting rod 12. The drive rod 121 presses the second inclined surface 131 of the second limiting block 111', causing it to move upward and get away from the second limiting groove 1002, thus releasing the limiting plate 10 from being fixed.

[0076] The connecting rod 903 moves with the connecting plate 902 and pulls the second elastic telescopic rod 703, causing the swing rod 701 to rotate in the opposite direction. The first elastic telescopic rod 702 pulls back the positioning rod 704 and disengages it from the insertion hole 501.

[0077] The auxiliary positioning rod 142 remains stuck in the auxiliary positioning groove 502 to prevent the tooth seat 5 from falling off;

[0078] When the toothed seat 5 to be replaced is pulled out, the auxiliary positioning rod 142 avoids the toothed seat 5. After the new toothed seat 5 is installed, repeat steps S2-S3 to lock it again.

[0079] The accompanying drawings in this application are for illustrative purposes only. The dimensions and shapes of the components shown are not actual limitations but are merely schematic representations. In actual implementation, the components can be reasonably configured and adjusted according to specific needs and actual conditions.

[0080] The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A coal cutter drum with a wear resistant structure, comprising a drum body (1), characterized in that, Also include: The rotating shaft (2) is provided with two and symmetrically arranged on both sides of the drum body (1), the end of the rotating shaft (2) is connected with the connecting seat (3) connected with the coal winning machine, the connecting seat (3) is provided with a transmission member for driving the rotating shaft (2) to rotate; The spiral blade (4) is provided with two groups and symmetrically distributed at both ends of the drum body (1), each group of the spiral blade (4) is provided with a plurality of tooth seats (5), and each tooth seat (5) is connected with a cutting tooth (6); The plug-in part (7) is movably connected in the drum body (1), the plug-in part (7) is provided with a plurality of and connected with a plurality of tooth seats (5) one by one, the tooth seat (5) is provided with a plug hole (501) matched with the plug-in part (7); Wherein, the drum body (1) is provided with a driving member for driving a plurality of plug-in parts (7) to act simultaneously; the driving member comprises a hydraulic oil cylinder (9) fixed on the mounting plate (102), a telescopic pipe (901) fixedly connected with the piston rod of the hydraulic oil cylinder (9), a connecting plate (902) connected with the telescopic end of the telescopic pipe (901), and a connecting rod (903) fixedly connected with the connecting plate (902), the second elastic telescopic rod (703) of a plurality of plug-in parts (7) is rotatably connected with the connecting rod (903) through a pin shaft; the telescopic pipe (901) is fixedly provided with a connecting rod (12), one end of the connecting rod (12) away from the telescopic pipe (901) penetrates through a limiting plate (10) and is fixedly provided with a driving rod (121) for driving the displacement of the first limiting block (111) and the second limiting block (111'), the first limiting block (111) is provided with a first groove (1111) for driving the rod (121) to move, the second limiting block (111') is provided with a second groove (1112) for driving the rod (121) to move, the driving rod (121) is provided with a third groove (122) for accommodating the first limiting block (111), the driving rod (121) is provided with a fourth groove (123) for accommodating the second limiting block (111'), the inner wall of the first groove (1111) is provided with a first inclined surface (13) which is movably abutted with the driving rod (121), the inner wall of the second groove (1112) is provided with a second inclined surface (131) which is movably abutted with the driving rod (121), and the bottom of the second limiting block (111') is provided with a third inclined surface (132) which is movably abutted with the limiting plate (10).

2. A shearer drum having a wear resistant structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drum body (1) comprises a cylinder body (101) and a mounting plate (102) fixedly arranged at the end of the cylinder body (101), the inner wall of the cylinder body (101) is provided with a movable groove (8) for the movement of the plug-in part (7), and the driving member is arranged on the mounting plate (102).

3. A shearer drum having a wear resistant structure according to claim 2, characterised in that, The plug (7) comprises a swing rod (701) rotatably connected in the barrel (101) by a pin shaft, and a first elastic telescopic rod (702) and a second elastic telescopic rod (703) arranged at two ends of the swing rod (701) respectively, one end of the first elastic telescopic rod (702) away from the swing rod (701) is movably connected with a positioning plug rod (704), the positioning plug rod (704) is slidably connected in the movable slot (8) and the plug hole (501), and one end of the second elastic telescopic rod (703) away from the swing rod (701) is connected with the driving member.

4. A shearer drum having a wear resistant structure according to claim 3, characterised in that, The connecting plate (902) is fixedly provided with a limiting plate (10), the drum body (1) is provided with a first limiting assembly and a second limiting assembly for limiting displacement of the limiting plate (10), the limiting plate (10) is provided with a first limiting groove (1001) matched with the first limiting assembly, and the limiting plate (10) is provided with a second limiting groove (1002) matched with the second limiting assembly.

5. A shearer drum having a wear resistant structure according to claim 4, characterised in that, The first limiting assembly comprises a first working groove (11) formed in the drum body (1), a first limiting block (111) slidably connected in the first working groove (11), and an elastic element one (112) arranged between the first limiting block (111) and the inner wall of the first working groove (11), and the first limiting block (111) is slidably connected in the first limiting groove (1001); The second limiting assembly comprises a second working groove (11') formed in the drum body (1), a second limiting block (111') slidably connected in the second working groove (11'), and an elastic element two (112') arranged between the second limiting block (111') and the inner wall of the second working groove (11'), and the second limiting block (111') is slidably connected in the second limiting groove (1002).

6. A shearer drum having a wear resistant structure according to claim 5, characterised in that, The drum body (1) and the spiral blade (4) are both provided with a mounting groove (14) for placing the tooth seat (5), the inner wall of the mounting groove (14) is provided with a side groove (141), the side groove (141) is slidably connected with an auxiliary positioning rod (142), the second elastic element (143) is arranged between the auxiliary positioning rod (142) and the inner wall of the side groove (141), one end of the auxiliary positioning rod (142) away from the second elastic element (143) is provided as a circular arc surface, and the peripheral side of the tooth seat (5) is provided with an auxiliary positioning groove (502) matched with the auxiliary positioning rod (142).

7. A shearer drum having a wear resistant structure according to claim 6, characterised in that, The tooth seat (5) and the cutting tooth (6) are both made of alloy steel, and the outer side of the cutting tooth (6) is coated with diamond or tungsten carbide.

8. A method of using a coal cutter drum with a wear resistant structure according to claim 7, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: S1: clamp the cutting tooth (6) into the tooth seat (5) to ensure reliable mechanical locking; Insert the assembled tooth seat (5) into the mounting groove (14) of the drum body (1) one by one, when inserting, the tooth seat (5) extrudes the circular arc end of the auxiliary positioning rod (142), so that it is retracted into the side groove (141); When the tooth holder (5) is completely in place, the auxiliary positioning rod (142) is embedded in the auxiliary positioning groove (502) of the tooth holder (5) under the push of the second elastic element (143), achieving preliminary positioning; S2: control the hydraulic cylinder (9) to retract, pull the connecting plate (902) through the telescopic pipe (901), but because the first limiting block (111) is clamped into the first limiting groove (1001) of the limiting plate (10), the movement of the connecting plate (902) is prevented; When the telescopic pipe (901) retracts, the first limiting block (111) is lifted off the first limiting groove (1001) by the driving rod (121) through the connecting rod (12); at the same time, the second slope (131) of the second limiting block (111') is no longer forced and is lowered in the second groove (1112) to reset; S3: the hydraulic cylinder (9) continues to retract, and the connecting plate (902) is moved through the telescopic pipe (901), the connecting rod (903) is displaced by the connecting plate (902), the second elastic telescopic rod (703) is pushed, the swing rod (701) is rotated around the pin shaft, and the positioning plug rod (704) is pushed into the insertion hole (501) of the tooth holder (5) through the first elastic telescopic rod (702), completely penetrating and locking the tooth holder (5); After the positioning plug rod (704) is in place, the second limiting groove (1002) of the limiting plate (10) is aligned with the second limiting block (111'), and the second limiting block (111') is clamped into the second limiting groove (1002) under the action of the elastic element two (112') connected thereto, preventing loosening when the hydraulic cylinder (9) is depressurized; S4: the coal mining machine drives the rotating shaft (2) to rotate through the transmission member in the connecting seat (3), the drum body (1) drives the cutting tooth (6) to perform coal mining operation, and the spiral blade (4) pushes the broken coal to the conveyor along the axial direction; S5: when the damaged tooth holder (5) needs to be replaced, the hydraulic cylinder (9) is extended, the connecting plate (902) is pushed by the telescopic pipe (901), but because the limiting plate (10) is limited by the second limiting block (111') and cannot move at this time, the telescopic pipe (901) is retracted through the connecting rod (12) to drive the displacement of the driving rod (121), the driving rod (121) presses the second slope (131) of the second limiting block (111'), and the second limiting block (111') is lifted off the second limiting groove (1002) to release the fixation of the limiting plate (10); The connecting rod (903) is displaced with the connecting plate (902) and pulls the second elastic telescopic rod (703), driving the swing rod (701) to rotate in the opposite direction, and the first elastic telescopic rod (702) pulls back the positioning plug rod (704) to disengage from the insertion hole (501); The auxiliary positioning rod (142) is still clamped in the auxiliary positioning groove (502) to prevent the tooth holder (5) from falling off; When the damaged tooth holder (5) is pulled out, the auxiliary positioning rod (142) avoids the tooth holder (5), and after a new tooth holder (5) is installed, steps S2-S3 are repeated to relock.

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