Heating system

Abstract

The invention discloses a heat supply system, and relates to the technical field of heat supply, the heat supply system comprises a heat source module and a load module, and the heat source module is externally connected with various energy modules; the heat storage tanks are used for storing heat and / or releasing heat; the valve matrix is connected with the heat storage tank, and the heat storage tank is connected with the main pipeline between the heat source module and the load module through the valve matrix; and the control module is electrically connected with the heat source module, the energy module, the load module and the valve matrix, and is configured to obtain current state parameters of the heat source module, the energy module and the load module, predict the system state based on the current state parameters, determine a scheduling strategy based on a prediction result, and control the valve matrix based on the scheduling strategy. According to the heat supply system, heat storage and heat release in multiple modes are achieved through the multiple heat storage tanks, predictive scheduling can be achieved, the heat supply system is more flexible and reliable, and the operation cost is reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of heat supply, and in particular to a heat supply system. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the continuous increase of the proportion of renewable energy power generation, the volatility of the power system is significantly enhanced, which prompts the power grid operators to implement more dynamic electricity price mechanisms, such as time-of-use electricity price, real-time electricity price, and the like, and the peak-valley price difference is increasingly expanding. For the building heat supply system as the main energy consumption unit of the city, this is both a challenge and an opportunity. The traditional heat supply system usually adopts a simple “on-demand start-stop” or a control logic based on a fixed schedule, which cannot adapt to the dynamically changing energy prices and environmental conditions, resulting in high operating costs and being not conducive to clean energy consumption.

[0003] In order to improve the operation flexibility and economy of the heat supply system, the industry generally adopts the configuration of “heat source + energy storage”. However, the existing technology still has many deficiencies in system architecture and control method: 1) System architecture rigidity and reliability risk: In order to pursue scale effect, the traditional heat storage system usually configures a single large-capacity heat storage tank, which constitutes a single point of failure risk of the system. Once the heat storage tank needs to be shut down for maintenance due to leakage, internal damage, or the like, the energy storage adjustment capability of the entire system will be completely lost, and the system is forced to return to the “on-demand heat supply” mode with high cost.

[0004] 2) Control strategy lag: Most control systems are still based on feedback control, that is, passive adjustment is made according to the current indoor temperature or return water temperature. Some so-called “intelligent control” is only a simple logical judgment based on preset rules (for example, fixed at 22:00 to 6:00 the next day to store heat), which cannot predict future weather, light, and load changes, and is far from the optimal solution, especially after the introduction of unstable energy such as photovoltaic and photothermal, its limitations are even more prominent.

[0005] 3) Single operation mode: In order to cope with load changes, the traditional system often adjusts the supply water temperature and flow at the same time, which makes the core heat source equipment such as heat pump frequently operate under variable working conditions, and it is difficult to maintain in the highest efficient operation interval, affecting the overall energy efficiency of the system.

[0006] 4) Hydraulic system imbalance: In large buildings, when the total flow of the heat supply system changes due to load changes, without effective dynamic adjustment means, the hydraulic imbalance problem of the remote pipeline will become very serious, causing some users to be too cold or too hot, affecting the heating quality. SUMMARY

[0007] To this end, the purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a heat supply system, which realizes heat storage and heat release in multiple modes through multiple heat storage tanks, improves the risk resistance, realizes predictive scheduling, and has a more flexible and reliable control strategy and lower operation cost.

[0008] The embodiments of the present application provide a heat supply system, which comprises a heat source module and a load module, the heat source module is connected with multiple energy modules; at least two heat storage tanks for heat storage and / or heat release; a valve matrix connected with the heat storage tanks, the heat storage tanks are connected with the heat source module and the load module through the valve matrix and the main pipeline; and a control module electrically connected with the heat source module, the energy modules, the load module and the valve matrix, configured to acquire current state parameters of the heat source module, the energy modules and the load module, predict the system state based on the current state parameters, determine a scheduling strategy based on the prediction result, and control the valve matrix based on the scheduling strategy.

[0009] Exemplarily, the heat storage tank comprises a first water inlet and outlet at the top and a second water inlet and outlet at the bottom, the valve matrix comprises a first valve, a second valve, a third valve, a fourth valve, a fifth valve, a sixth valve and a first water pump, the first valve is arranged between the first water inlet and outlet and the main water supply pipeline, the second valve is arranged between the second water inlet and outlet and the main water return pipeline, the water inlet end of the first water pump is connected with the first end of the third valve and the first end of the fifth valve respectively, the second end of the third valve is connected with one end of the first valve and the first water inlet and outlet, the second end of the fifth valve is connected with one end of the second valve and the second water inlet and outlet, the water outlet end of the first water pump is connected with the first end of the fourth valve and the first end of the sixth valve respectively, the second end of the fourth valve is connected with one end of the first valve and the main water supply pipeline, and the second end of the sixth valve is connected with one end of the second valve and the main water return pipeline; wherein the valve matrix and the heat storage tank are in one-to-one correspondence, and the heat storage tanks are directly connected through a thirteenth valve.

[0010] Exemplarily, the control module is specifically configured to: when the prediction result represents that the heat release power or the heat storage power needs to be increased, determine the scheduling strategy as a single-tank independent mode, control the valve matrix of the current heat storage tank to perform heat storage or heat release operation according to the heat supply demand, and control the valve matrix of other heat storage tanks to remain in a closed state; when the current heat storage tank completes the heat storage or heat release operation, control the valve matrix of the current heat storage tank to be in a closed state, and control the valve matrix of the next heat storage tank to perform heat storage or heat release operation according to the heat supply demand.

[0011] Exemplarily, the control module is further configured to: when the heat supply requirement is heat storage, control the first valve, the fifth valve, the sixth valve and the first water pump to be opened, and the second valve, the third valve and the fourth valve to be closed, so that the hot water in the main water supply pipeline flows into the heat storage tank through the first valve and the first water inlet in sequence, and the low-temperature water in the heat storage tank flows into the main water return pipeline through the second water outlet, the fifth valve, the first water pump and the sixth valve in sequence; when the heat supply requirement is heat release, control the second valve, the third valve, the fourth valve and the first water pump to be opened, and the first valve, the fifth valve and the sixth valve to be closed, so that the hot water in the heat storage tank flows into the main water supply pipeline through the first water inlet, the third valve, the first water pump and the fourth valve in sequence, and the low-temperature water in the main water return pipeline flows into the heat storage tank through the second valve and the second water outlet in sequence; and the thirteenth valve is always closed.

[0012] Exemplarily, the control module is specifically configured to: when the internal thermocline in the current heat storage tank is mixed, determine the scheduling strategy as the double-tank separation mode, and control the current heat storage tank and an adjacent heat storage tank connected with the current heat storage tank through the thirteenth valve to jointly perform heat storage or heat release operation according to the heat supply requirement.

[0013] Exemplarily, the adjacent heat storage tank comprises a third water inlet and outlet at the top and a fourth water inlet and outlet at the bottom, the valve matrix corresponding to the adjacent heat storage tank comprises a seventh valve, an eighth valve, a ninth valve, a tenth valve, an eleventh valve, a twelfth valve and a second water pump, the valve matrix topology corresponding to the adjacent heat storage tank is the same as the valve matrix topology corresponding to the current heat storage tank, and the control module is specifically configured to: when the heat supply demand is heat storage, control the first valve, the third valve, the fifth valve, the eleventh valve, the twelfth valve and the second water pump to be opened, and control the second valve, the fourth valve, the sixth valve, the seventh valve, the eighth valve, the ninth valve, the tenth valve and the first water pump to be closed, so that the hot water of the main water supply pipeline flows into the current heat storage tank through the first valve and the first water inlet and outlet in sequence and flows into the current heat storage tank through the first valve, the third valve, the fifth valve and the second water inlet and outlet in sequence, and the low-temperature water flows into the main water return pipeline through the fourth water inlet and outlet, the eleventh valve, the second water pump and the twelfth valve in sequence; when the heat supply demand is heat release, control the third valve, the fourth valve, the eighth valve and the first water pump to be opened, and control the first valve, the second valve, the fifth valve, the sixth valve, the seventh valve, the ninth valve, the tenth valve, the eleventh valve, the twelfth valve and the first water pump to be closed, so that the low-temperature water of the main water return pipeline flows into the adjacent heat storage tank through the eighth valve and the fourth water inlet and outlet, and the hot water of the current heat storage tank flows into the main water supply pipeline through the first water inlet and outlet, the third valve, the first water pump and the fourth valve in sequence; wherein the thirteenth valve is always kept open.

[0014] Exemplarily, the control module is specifically configured to: when the current heat storage tank leaks, determine that the scheduling strategy is a single-point-failure redundancy mode, control the valve matrix of the current heat storage tank to be in a closed state, and control the thirteenth valve between the current heat storage tank and other heat storage tanks to be closed.

[0015] Exemplarily, the energy module comprises a photovoltaic module and a power grid module, and the control module is further configured to: predict the system state based on the current state parameter to obtain a predicted sequence of heat supply load, photovoltaic output and power grid price; construct an optimization model based on the predicted sequence, solve the optimization model to obtain a running power sequence of the multiple devices, and schedule the strategy based on the running power sequence.

[0016] Exemplarily, the control module is further configured to: construct a target function aiming at minimizing the electricity purchase cost, and construct a decision variable; solve the decision variable based on the target function and a constraint condition to obtain a decision sequence of a next period; control the heat source module and / or the valve matrix based on the decision sequence of the next period, and update the current state parameter in real time, and return to the step of predicting the system state based on the current state parameter; wherein the decision variable comprises at least one of the heat pump power, the photovoltaic power, the heat storage power, the heat release power, the electricity purchase power and the heat load power; and the constraint condition comprises at least one of: a sum of the electricity purchase power and the photovoltaic power being equal to the heat pump power; a first sum of the heat pump power and the heat release power added to the product of the heat pump power and the energy efficiency coefficient being equal to a second sum of the heat load and the heat storage power; and the heat pump power, the heat release power, the heat storage power and the energy storage state being within a corresponding threshold range.

[0017] Exemplarily, the heat storage tank comprises at least one of a temperature gradient layer heat storage tank and a forced stratification floating piston heat storage tank.

[0018] In the above embodiment, the heat supply system comprises: a heat source module and a load module, the heat source module being connected with a plurality of energy modules; at least two heat storage tanks for heat storage and / or heat release; a valve matrix connected with the heat storage tanks, the heat storage tanks being connected with the main pipelines between the heat source module and the load module through the valve matrix; and a control module electrically connected with the heat source module, the energy modules, the load module and the valve matrix, and configured to acquire current state parameters of the heat source module, the energy modules and the load module, predict the system state based on the current state parameters, determine a scheduling strategy based on the prediction result, and control the valve matrix based on the scheduling strategy. The heat supply system of the present application can realize heat storage and heat release in multiple modes through the plurality of heat storage tanks, improve the risk resistance, and realize predictive scheduling, so that the control strategy is more flexible and reliable, and the operation cost is reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 a schematic diagram of a heat supply system provided by the embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 a schematic diagram of single-tank independent mode operation provided by the embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 a schematic diagram of double-tank separation mode operation provided by the embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 a schematic diagram of fault redundancy mode operation provided by the embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 a flowchart of a scheduling method provided by the embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] Embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which like or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions are denoted by the same or similar reference numerals throughout the drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present application, and cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.

[0021] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a heating system according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0022] As an example, as shown in Figure 1 , the heating system comprises a heat source module 101, a plurality of energy modules 103 connected to the heat source module 101, at least two sets of heat storage tanks (3a and 3b) for heat storage and / or heat release, a valve matrix connected to the heat storage tanks, the heat storage tanks being connected to the main pipes between the heat source module 101 and the load module 102 through the valve matrix, a control module 104 electrically connected to the heat source module 101, the energy module 103, the load module 104 and the valve matrix, configured to obtain the current state parameters of the heat source module 101, the energy module 103 and the load module 104, predict the system state based on the current state parameters, determine the scheduling strategy based on the prediction result, and control the valve matrix based on the scheduling strategy.

[0023] Exemplarily, the heating system of the present application comprises at least one heat source module 101, which can be an air source heat pump. The load module 102 can be understood as a heating object, such as various types of buildings. The heat source module 101 is connected to a plurality of energy modules 103, which include one or more renewable energy units (such as photovoltaic or photothermal components), external power grids, etc. There are at least two sets of heat storage tanks, which are physically independent. Of course, the number of heat storage tanks can be more than two, and the present application takes two heat storage tanks as an example for illustration as shown in Figure 1 It should be noted that the total volume of all heat storage tanks is equal to the total heat storage capacity required by the system. Therefore, the number of heat storage tanks can be reasonably distributed according to the total heat storage capacity required by the system and the size of the heat storage tanks.

[0024] Exemplarily, the heating system of the present application further comprises a specially designed multi-mode flexible switching pipe valve matrix, which allows each heat storage tank to operate independently or cooperatively, and can be flexibly switched between single-tank independent operation mode and double-tank cooperative operation mode. The heat storage tanks are connected to the main pipes between the heat source module 101 and the load module 102 through the valve matrix. It can be understood that the heat storage tanks are connected to the main water supply pipe and the main return water pipe through the valve matrix to realize interaction.

[0025] Exemplarily, the heat supply system of the present application further comprises a control module 104, which can be understood as a central controller, and realizes bidirectional signal transmission with the heat source module 101, the energy source module 103, the load module 104 and the valve matrix, is used for data acquisition and state prediction, determines a scheduling strategy according to the current state of the system and the predicted state of the system (for example, heat supply load, renewable energy output and time-of-use electricity price, etc.) in a future period, and the scheduling strategy can represent the operation of controlling each module (for example, adjusting power), including controlling the valve matrix based on the scheduling strategy.

[0026] The heat supply system of the present application can integrate multiple energy sources, has a design with high reliability and high toughness and flexible operation mode switching capability, and can make and execute a globally optimal operation strategy in advance based on accurate prediction of the future, so as to comprehensively improve economic benefits, system energy efficiency and heat supply quality.

[0027] As an example, as shown in Figure 2 , the heat storage tank comprises a first water inlet and outlet at the top and a second water inlet and outlet at the bottom, and the valve matrix comprises a first valve 1, a second valve 2, a third valve 3, a fourth valve 4, a fifth valve 5, a sixth valve 6 and a first water pump 1c, the first valve 1 is arranged between the first water inlet and outlet and the main water supply pipeline, the second valve 2 is arranged between the second water inlet and outlet and the main water return pipeline, the water inlet end of the first water pump 1c is connected with the first end of the third valve 3 and the first end of the fifth valve 5, the second end of the third valve 3 is connected with one end of the first valve 1 and the first water inlet and outlet, the second end of the fifth valve 5 is connected with one end of the second valve 2 and the second water inlet and outlet, the water outlet end of the first water pump 1c is connected with the first end of the fourth valve 4 and the first end of the sixth valve 6, the second end of the fourth valve 4 is connected with one end of the first valve 1 and the main water supply pipeline, and the second end of the sixth valve 6 is connected with one end of the second valve 2 and the main water return pipeline; wherein, the valve matrix and the heat storage tank are one-to-one corresponding, and the heat storage tanks are directly connected through the thirteenth valve 13.

[0028] Exemplarily, each heat storage tank corresponds to a valve matrix, for example, as shown in Figure 2 , two heat storage tanks, heat storage tank 3a and heat storage tank 3b, the heat storage tank 3a corresponds to the valve matrix 5a, the heat storage tank 3b corresponds to the valve matrix 5b, the heat storage tanks are directly connected through the thirteenth valve 13, and the topological structures of the valve matrices are the same, and the heat storage tank 3a and the corresponding valve matrix 5a are taken as an example for description.

[0029] Exemplarily, the valve matrix includes six valves and a water pump, respectively denoted as a first valve 1, a second valve 2, a third valve 3, a fourth valve 4, a fifth valve 5, a sixth valve 6, and a first water pump 1c. The heat storage tank includes a first water inlet and outlet at the top and a second water inlet and outlet at the bottom, the upper region of the heat storage tank is generally used as a hot water zone, the first water inlet and outlet at the top is connected to the main water supply pipeline through the first valve 1, the second water inlet and outlet at the bottom is connected to the main water return pipeline through the second valve 2, the third valve 3 and the fifth valve 5 are connected in series between the first valve 1 and the second valve 2 close to the heat storage tank water inlet and outlet end, the fourth valve 4 and the sixth valve 6 are connected in series between the first valve 1 and the second valve 2 close to the main pipeline end, the water inlet end of the first water pump 1c is connected to the midpoint of the third valve 3 and the fifth valve 5, and the water outlet end of the first water pump 1c is connected to the midpoint of the fourth valve 4 and the sixth valve 6.

[0030] Exemplarily, the valve matrix of the above structure is arranged between each heat storage tank and the main pipeline, and the valve matrix of other heat storage tanks is described herein. When the heat storage tanks of the heat supply system are more than two, the heat storage tanks can be directly connected in series, for example, the first heat storage tank is directly connected to the second heat storage tank through the thirteenth valve, the second heat storage tank is directly connected to the third heat storage tank through a valve, and so on, so as to realize the characteristics that all the heat storage tanks are physically independent and the pipelines are connected.

[0031] The heat supply system of the present application adopts a combination of “N≥2” tanks to replace the traditional large single tank, which eliminates the single point failure risk of the energy storage unit from the physical architecture, realizes the multi-level failure response capability through the multi-mode flexible switching valve system, and improves the reliability and operation resilience of the system.

[0032] The present application can realize complex flow control with fewer circulating pumps through the matrix design of the valve, effectively reducing the initial investment and complexity of the system.

[0033] As an example, the heat storage tank includes at least one of a temperature gradient layer heat storage tank and a forced stratification floating piston heat storage tank.

[0034] Exemplarily, each independent heat storage tank can be a traditional temperature gradient layer heat storage tank (mixed mode of hot water and low temperature water) or a floating piston heat storage tank using internal mechanical forced stratification technology. The floating piston heat storage tank, for example, physically isolates the high temperature zone and the low temperature zone through a hard floating insulation plate, realizing complete cold and hot separation. The heat supply system can be all temperature gradient layer heat storage tanks, all floating piston heat storage tanks, or a combination of temperature gradient layer heat storage tanks and floating piston heat storage tanks.

[0035] The system architecture of the present application is universal for the specific technical implementation form of the heat storage tank. Whether it is a traditional temperature gradient tank or an advanced forced stratification tank, it can be seamlessly connected as a subunit to the system, providing convenience for the phased construction and future technical upgrading of the project.

[0036] The heat supply system of the present application controls the opening and closing combination of different valves in the valve matrix through the control module. In addition to being able to implement the conventional heat storage / heat release mode, it can also implement multiple operating modes. The following will describe the multiple operating modes in detail.

[0037] As an example, the control module is specifically configured to: when the prediction result indicates that the heat release power or heat storage power needs to be increased, determine the scheduling strategy as a single-tank independent mode, and control the valve matrix of the current heat storage tank to perform heat storage or heat release operation according to the heat supply demand, and control the valve matrix of other heat storage tanks to remain in a closed state; when the current heat storage tank completes the heat storage or heat release operation, control the valve matrix of the current heat storage tank to be in a closed state, and control the valve matrix of the next heat storage tank to perform heat storage or heat release operation according to the heat supply demand.

[0038] For example, when the system needs to increase the heat release power or heat storage power, for example, when the prediction result indicates that the user's heat supply demand increases. For example, the prediction result indicates that the electricity price decreases, etc. The scheduling strategy is determined as a single-tank independent mode. It can be understood that the valves between the heat storage tanks remain closed (e.g., the thirteenth valve) in the single-tank independent mode, and each heat storage tank independently completes heat storage / release. Of course, a certain sequence of heat storage / release between tanks can be established. For example, as shown in Figure 2 , isolate the heat storage tank 3b and only use the heat storage tank 3a for independent single-tank heat storage / release cycle. When the heat storage tank 3a is full or empty, isolate the heat storage tank 3a and only use the heat storage tank 3b for independent single-tank heat storage / release cycle.

[0039] As an example, as shown in Figure 2 , the control module is further configured to: When the heat supply demand is heat storage, control the first valve 1, the fifth valve 5, the sixth valve 6, and the first water pump 1c to be opened, and the second valve 2, the third valve 3, and the fourth valve 4 to be closed, so that the hot water of the main water supply pipeline flows into the heat storage tank through the first valve 1, the first inlet and outlet port in sequence, and the low-temperature water of the heat storage tank flows into the heat return pipeline through the second inlet and outlet port, the fifth valve 5, the first water pump 1c, and the sixth valve 6 in sequence; When the heat supply demand is heat release, control the second valve 2, the third valve 3, the fourth valve 4, and the first water pump 1c to be opened, and the first valve 1, the fifth valve 5, and the sixth valve 6 to be closed, so that the hot water of the heat storage tank flows into the main water supply pipeline through the first inlet and outlet port, the third valve 3, the first water pump 1c, and the fourth valve 4 in sequence, and the low-temperature water of the main return pipeline flows into the heat storage tank through the second valve 2 and the second inlet and outlet port in sequence. wherein the thirteenth valve 13 is always kept closed.

[0040] Exemplarily, when the system is in single-tank independent mode, the heat storage tank 3a is charged as shown in the following figure. Figure 2 Exemplarily, when the system is in single-tank independent mode, the heat storage tank 3a is charged as shown in the following figure.

[0041] During heat storage, the first valve 1, the fifth valve 5, the sixth valve 6, and the first water pump 1c are opened, and the second valve 2, the third valve 3, and the fourth valve 4 are closed. Hot water in the main water supply pipeline flows into the upper region of the heat storage tank 3a through the first valve, and the low-temperature water in the region of the heat storage tank 3a is pumped out from the second water inlet and outlet of the heat storage tank 3a through the fifth valve 5, the first water pump 1c, and the sixth valve 6, and then flows into the main water return pipeline until the heat storage tank 3a is full of hot water. Then the valve matrix of the heat storage tank 3a is closed, and the valve matrix of the next heat storage tank is opened for heat storage.

[0042] During heat storage, the first valve 1, the fifth valve 5, the sixth valve 6, and the first water pump 1c are opened, and the second valve 2, the third valve 3, and the fourth valve 4 are closed. Hot water in the main water supply pipeline flows into the upper region of the heat storage tank 3a through the first valve, and the low-temperature water in the region of the heat storage tank 3a is pumped out from the second water inlet and outlet of the heat storage tank 3a through the fifth valve 5, the first water pump 1c, and the sixth valve 6, and then flows into the main water return pipeline until the heat storage tank 3a is full of hot water. Then the valve matrix of the heat storage tank 3a is closed, and the valve matrix of the next heat storage tank is opened for heat storage.

[0043] As an example, as shown in the following figure, the control module is specifically configured to: Figure 3 When the internal tilted temperature layer of the current heat storage tank is mixed, the control module determines that the scheduling strategy is the double-tank separation mode, and controls the current heat storage tank and the adjacent heat storage tank connected to the current heat storage tank to jointly perform heat storage or heat release operation according to the heat supply demand.

[0044] Exemplarily, when the control module monitors that the internal tilted temperature layer of the current heat storage tank is seriously mixed and the performance is degraded through the temperature sensor array, the double-tank separation mode can be automatically triggered. The current heat storage tank and the adjacent heat storage tank connected to the current heat storage tank jointly perform heat storage or heat release operation according to the heat supply demand. It can be understood that when any heat storage tank (for example, a tank body using a traditional tilted temperature layer technology) cannot form a stable stratification due to disturbance, the system can automatically switch to a “high-reliability double-tank separation mode”, one tank is dedicated to heat storage, and the other is dedicated to cold storage, to ensure the continuous and stable energy storage function. For example, as shown in the following figure. Figure 3 ​As shown, the control module redefines the heat storage tank 3a as a dedicated "hot water tank" and defines the heat storage tank 3b as a dedicated "cold water tank", and the system is switched to the double-tank cold-hot separation mode to ensure absolute stability of operation at the cost of part of flexibility.

[0045] As an example, as shown in FIG. 1, the valve matrix of the current heat storage tank includes the first valve 1, the second valve 2, the third valve 3, the fourth valve 4, the fifth valve 5, the sixth valve 6, and the first water pump 1c. Figure 3 As shown, the adjacent heat storage tank includes the third water inlet and outlet at the top and the fourth water inlet and outlet at the bottom, and the valve matrix corresponding to the adjacent heat storage tank includes the seventh valve 7, the eighth valve 8, the ninth valve 9, the tenth valve 10, the eleventh valve 11, the twelfth valve 12, and the second water pump 2c. The valve matrix topology corresponding to the adjacent heat storage tank is the same as the valve matrix topology corresponding to the current heat storage tank, and the control module is specifically configured to: When the heat supply demand is heat storage, the first valve 1, the third valve 3, the fifth valve 5, the eleventh valve 11, the twelfth valve 12, and the second water pump 2c are opened, and the second valve 2, the fourth valve 4, the sixth valve 6, the seventh valve 7, the eighth valve 8, the ninth valve 9, the tenth valve 10, and the first water pump 1c are closed, so that the hot water of the main water supply pipeline flows into the current heat storage tank through the first valve 1, the first water inlet and outlet in sequence, and flows into the current heat storage tank through the first valve 1, the third valve 3, the fifth valve 5, and the second water inlet and outlet in sequence, and the low-temperature water flows into the main water return pipeline through the fourth water inlet and outlet, the eleventh valve 11, the second water pump 2c, and the twelfth valve 12 in sequence; When the heat supply demand is heat release, the third valve 3, the fourth valve 4, the eighth valve 8, and the first water pump 1c are opened, and the first valve 1, the second valve 2, the fifth valve 5, the sixth valve 6, the seventh valve 7, the ninth valve 9, the tenth valve 10, the eleventh valve 11, the twelfth valve 12, and the first water pump 1c are closed, so that the low-temperature water of the main water return pipeline flows into the adjacent heat storage tank through the eighth valve 8 and the fourth water inlet and outlet, and the hot water of the current heat storage tank flows into the main water supply pipeline through the first water inlet and outlet, the third valve 3, the first water pump 1c, and the fourth valve 4 in sequence; Wherein, the thirteenth valve 13 is always kept open.

[0046] Exemplarily, the valve topology structure of the adjacent heat storage tank is the same as the valve topology structure of the current heat storage tank, and for the convenience of description, the six valves and one water pump of the adjacent heat storage tank are named as the seventh valve 7 to the twelfth valve 12 and the second water pump 2c. The seventh valve 7 corresponds to the first valve 1, the eighth valve 8 corresponds to the second valve 2, the ninth valve 9 corresponds to the third valve 3, the tenth valve 10 corresponds to the fourth valve 4, the eleventh valve 11 corresponds to the fifth valve 5, and the twelfth valve 12 corresponds to the sixth valve 6.

[0047] Exemplarily, in the double-tank separation mode, as shown in FIG. 2, the control module redefines the heat storage tank 3a as a dedicated "hot water tank" and defines the heat storage tank 3b as a dedicated "cold water tank", and the system is switched to the double-tank cold-hot separation mode to ensure absolute stability of operation at the cost of part of flexibility. Figure 3As shown, the heat storage tank 3a is used as a dedicated "hot water tank", and the heat storage tank 3b is used as a dedicated "cold water tank".

[0048] When the heat storage tank is in the double-tank separation mode, the valves 1, 3, 5, 11, 12, and 13 are opened, the second water pump 2c is opened, the valves 2, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 are closed, the hot water flowing into the heat storage tank 3a can flow into the upper region of the heat storage tank 3a through the first valve 1, or flow into the lower region of the heat storage tank 3a through the first valve 1, the third valve 3, and the fifth valve 5, so as to improve the heat storage efficiency of the heat storage tank 3a, and the valve 13 between the heat storage tank 3a and the heat storage tank 3b is opened. When the heat storage of the heat storage tank 3a is completed, the hot water flows into the heat storage tank 3b through the thirteenth valve 13, and the low-temperature water is pumped out through the fourth inlet and outlet port at the bottom of the heat storage tank 3b. The low-temperature water pumping-out process is the same as the conventional low-temperature water pumping-out process, and will not be described here.

[0049] When the heat storage tank is in the double-tank separation mode, the valves 3, 4, 8, and 13 are opened, the first water pump 1c is opened, and the valves 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10, 11, and 12 are closed. The low-temperature water of the main return water pipeline flows into the heat storage tank 3b through the eighth valve 8, and after the heat storage tank 3b is filled with low-temperature water, the low-temperature water flows into the heat storage tank 3a through the thirteenth valve 13, and the hot water of the heat storage tank 3a is pumped out through the first water pump 1c. The hot water pumping-out process is the same as the conventional hot water pumping-out process, and will not be described here.

[0050] When any heat storage tank (for example, a tank body using the conventional thermal stratification technology) cannot form stable stratification due to disturbance, the system can automatically switch to the "high-reliability double-tank separation mode", and one tank is used for storing heat and the other tank is used for storing cold, so as to ensure the continuous and stable energy storage function.

[0051] As an example, as shown in FIG. 6, the control module is specifically configured to: Figure 4 As shown in FIG. 6, the control module is specifically configured to: When the current heat storage tank leaks, the scheduling strategy is determined to be the single-point fault redundancy mode, the valve matrix of the current heat storage tank is controlled to be in a closed state, and the thirteenth valve between the current heat storage tank and other heat storage tanks is controlled to be closed.

[0052] For example, when the leakage sensor of the heat storage tank 3b issues an alarm or needs to be shut down for maintenance due to other serious faults, the control center will close all the valves connected to the heat storage tank 3b and completely physically isolate it from the system. At this time, the entire system relies on other heat storage tanks (for example, the heat storage tank 3a) as energy storage units to continue to operate, thereby ensuring that the core energy storage regulation function is not interrupted.

[0053] When any of the thermal storage tanks has a serious failure (such as a leak) and needs to be completely isolated, the heating system of the present application can completely isolate / bypass it, rely on the remaining intact tank to operate independently, and continue to provide energy storage adjustment capability for the system. Compared to the fragile architecture of a single large tank failure causing the system to collapse, the stability and safety and resilience of the system and heating service are significantly improved.

[0054] As an example, the energy module includes a photovoltaic module and a grid module, and the control module is further configured to: predict the system state based on the current state parameter, to obtain a predicted sequence of the heating load, the photovoltaic output, and the grid electricity price; construct an optimization model based on the predicted sequence, solve the optimization model to obtain a running power sequence of the plurality of devices, and determine a scheduling strategy based on the running power sequence.

[0055] By way of example, the present application provides a predictive economic scheduling method based on rolling time domain optimization, which can be repeatedly executed within a rolling time period (e.g., every hour). First, a data acquisition and prediction step is performed: the current state of the system is obtained, and the heating load, photovoltaic output, and grid time-of-use electricity price in the future within a preset time domain (e.g., 24 hours) are predicted, to obtain a predicted sequence. Based on the predicted sequence, an optimization model is constructed, for example, with the minimization of the total running cost in the future within the time domain as the objective function, and a series of physical constraints such as energy balance, device start-stop and power upper and lower limits, energy storage unit capacity and charging and discharging rate are considered, to construct a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) problem model. Then, the optimization model is solved to obtain a running power sequence of the plurality of devices, for example, the branch and bound method or other algorithms can be used to solve the MILP problem, to obtain the running power sequence of all devices (including heat sources, energy storage units, and grid interactions) in the future within the time domain. Then, the running power sequence is executed.

[0056] By way of example, if the preset time domain is greater than the algorithm cycle period, for example, the preset time domain is 24 hours and the time step of the algorithm cycle is one hour, the scheduling instruction of the first time step (e.g., the first hour) in the running power sequence can be taken, and then the data acquisition step is returned to, based on the updated system state and prediction information, to start the next round of rolling optimization calculation.

[0057] As an example, the control module can determine the highest water supply temperature required under the most unfavorable operating condition of the day based on daily load and weather forecasts, and use this temperature as the constant outlet water temperature instruction of the main heat source in the period; at the same time, by adjusting the circulating water flow to the load side in real time, the heating demand at different times can be accurately matched. This "constant temperature, variable flow" strategy allows the main heat source such as a heat pump to operate stably at the designed optimal operating point, avoiding the efficiency loss and equipment wear caused by frequent changes in operating conditions, and prolonging the service life of the equipment.

[0058] As an example, the control module is further configured to: build a target function aiming at minimizing the electricity purchase cost, and build decision variables; solve the decision variables based on the target function and the constraint conditions, to obtain a decision sequence for the next period; control the heat source module and / or the valve matrix based on the decision sequence for the next period, and update the current state parameters in real time, and return to the step of predicting the system state based on the current state parameters; wherein the decision variables include at least one of the heat pump power, the photovoltaic power, the heat storage power, the heat release power, the electricity purchase power, and the heat load power; the constraint conditions include at least one of: the sum of the electricity purchase power and the photovoltaic power is equal to the heat pump power; the product of the heat pump power and the coefficient of performance is equal to the sum of the heat release power and the second sum of the heat load and the heat storage power; the heat pump power, the heat release power, the heat storage power, and the energy storage state are within the corresponding threshold range.

[0059] Exemplarily, as shown in Figure 5 first, data collection and prediction are performed, for example, at the beginning of each scheduling period T (such as at time t=0), the control module collects the current water temperature and storage of the thermal storage tank 3a / 3b, the outdoor temperature and other states, and calls the internal or cloud prediction model to generate the minute-level outdoor temperature, solar radiation intensity and power grid price sequence for the next 24 hours (t=0 to t=23). Based on the building thermal model, the corresponding heat supply load demand sequence L(t) is calculated.

[0060] Then, an optimization model is built: The target function can be: minΣ[P_grid(t)*Price(t)], that is, minimizing the total electricity purchase cost for the next 24 hours.

[0061] Decision variables: P_ashp(t) (heat pump power), P_pv(t) (photovoltaic power generation), P_charge(t) (heat storage power), P_discharge(t) (heat release power), P_grid(t) (electricity purchase power), L(t) (building heat load), etc.

[0062] Main constraint conditions: Electricity balance constraint: P_grid(t) + P_pv(t) = P_ashp(t) (i.e., the sum of the electricity purchase power and the photovoltaic power is equal to the heat pump power); Heat balance constraint: P_ashp(t)*COP(t) + P_discharge(t) = L(t) + P_charge(t) (i.e. the first sum of the product of the heat pump power and the coefficient of performance and the heat discharge power equals the second sum of the heat load and the heat storage power); Device power constraint: the heat pump power, the heat discharge power, the heat storage power, and the state of the energy storage are all within the corresponding threshold range, which can be understood as all within the corresponding maximum and minimum range.

[0063] Then, optimization is solved: a built-in MILP solver (using the branch and bound method) can be called to calculate the optimal solution sequence of all decision variables from t=0 to t=23 within a few minutes.

[0064] Finally, the rolling is executed: the control module only extracts the optimal solution at t=0, and converts it into specific control instructions for the heat pump, water pump, and valve and issues them for execution. When the time enters the next cycle T (at t=1), the control module can discard the old plan from t=1 to t=23, and repeat the above entire process to perform optimization again for the new 24-hour time domain from t=1 to t=24.

[0065] The rolling time domain optimization method of the present application improves the control logic from "passive response" to "active prediction", which can proactively use future low electricity prices and free solar energy to minimize the operating cost within the entire scheduling period, and the energy saving benefit exceeds that of the traditional control method.

[0066] It should be noted that the logical and / or steps represented in the flowcharts or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as a list of ordered steps to implement logic functions, and can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device, such as a computer-based system, processor- based system, or other system that can fetch the instructions from the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device and execute the instructions, or in conjunction with which the instructions can be executed. In the context of this application, a "computer-readable medium" can be any means that can contain, store, communicate, propagate or transport the program for use by or in connection with the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer-readable medium include the following: an electronic connection (an electronic device having one or more wires), a portable computer diskette (a magnetic device), a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory), an optical fiber, and a portable compact disc read-only memory (CDROM). Additionally, the computer-readable medium can even be paper or another suitable medium upon which the program is printed, as the program can be electronically captured, for example, via an optical scanner, then compiled, interpreted, or otherwise processed, and stored in a computer memory in a suitable format.

[0067] It should be understood that portions of the application can be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or combinations thereof. In the above embodiments, multiple steps or methods can be implemented in software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, any of the following technologies known in the art, or combinations thereof, can be used: discrete logic circuitry having logic gates for implementing logic functions on data signals, application specific integrated circuits having appropriate combinational logic gates, programmable gate arrays (PGA), field programmable gate arrays (FPGA), and the like.

[0068] In the description of the present application, references to terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "an example", "a specific example", or "some examples" etc. are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. The illustrative appearances of the above-mentioned terms in various places in the specification are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0069] In the description of the present application, it needs to be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the purpose of facilitating the description of the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0070] In addition, the terms "first", "second", and the like used in the embodiments of the present application are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of technical features referred to in the embodiments. Therefore, the features defined with the terms "first", "second" and the like in the embodiments of the present application can be explicitly or implicitly indicated to include at least one of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of the word "plurality" is at least two or two or more, such as two, three, four, etc., unless otherwise specifically limited in the embodiments.

[0071] In the present application, unless otherwise specifically defined or limited in the embodiments, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connecting" and "fixing" and the like appearing in the embodiments should be understood broadly, for example, the connection can be a fixed connection, or a detachable connection, or integrated, which can be understood, or can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, etc. Of course, it can also be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements, or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific implementation situation.

[0072] In the present application, unless otherwise specifically defined or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature can be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are indirectly in contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature "above", "above" and "above" the second feature can be that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or only indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The first feature "below", "below" and "below" the second feature can be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or only indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is less than that of the second feature.

[0073] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above-described embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limiting the present application, and that changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A heating system, characterized in that, The heating system includes: A heat source module and a load module, wherein the heat source module is externally connected to various energy modules; At least two heat storage tanks, said heat storage tanks being used for heat storage and / or heat release; A valve matrix connected to the heat storage tank, wherein the heat storage tank is connected to the main pipeline between the heat source module and the load module through the valve matrix; The control module, electrically connected to the heat source module, the energy module, the load module, and the valve matrix, is configured to acquire the current state parameters of the heat source module, the energy module, and the load module, predict the system state based on the current state parameters, determine a scheduling strategy based on the prediction results, and control the valve matrix based on the scheduling strategy.

2. The heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat storage tank includes a first inlet / outlet at the top and a second inlet / outlet at the bottom. The valve matrix includes a first valve, a second valve, a third valve, a fourth valve, a fifth valve, a sixth valve, and a first water pump. The first valve is located between the first inlet / outlet and the main water supply pipe. The second valve is located between the second inlet / outlet and the main return water pipe. The inlet end of the first water pump is connected to the first end of the third valve and the first end of the fifth valve. The second end of the third valve is connected to the end where the first valve and the first inlet / outlet are connected. The second end of the fifth valve is connected to the end where the second valve and the second inlet / outlet are connected. The outlet end of the first water pump is connected to the first end of the fourth valve and the first end of the sixth valve. The second end of the fourth valve is connected to the end where the first valve and the main water supply pipe are connected. The second end of the sixth valve is connected to the end where the second valve and the main return water pipe are connected. The valve matrix corresponds one-to-one with the heat storage tank, and the heat storage tanks are directly connected to each other through a thirteenth valve.

3. The heating system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The control module is specifically used for: When the prediction result indicates that the heat release power or heat storage power needs to be increased, the scheduling strategy is determined to be a single-tank independent mode, and the valve matrix of the current heat storage tank is controlled to perform heat storage or heat release operations according to the heating demand, while the valve matrix of other heat storage tanks is controlled to remain closed. When the current heat storage tank completes the heat storage or heat release operation, the valve matrix of the current heat storage tank is controlled to be in the closed state, and the valve matrix of the next heat storage tank is controlled to perform heat storage or heat release operation according to the heating demand.

4. The heating system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The control module is also used for: When the heating demand is for heat storage, the first valve, the fifth valve, the sixth valve, and the first water pump are opened, and the second valve, the third valve, and the fourth valve are closed, so that the hot water in the main water supply pipeline flows into the heat storage tank in sequence through the first valve and the first inlet / outlet, and the low-temperature water in the heat storage tank flows into the main return water pipeline in sequence through the second inlet / outlet, the fifth valve, the first water pump, and the sixth valve. When the heating demand is heat release, the second valve, the third valve, the fourth valve, and the first water pump are opened, and the first valve, the fifth valve, and the sixth valve are closed, so that the hot water in the heat storage tank flows into the main water supply pipeline in sequence through the first inlet / outlet, the third valve, the first water pump, and the fourth valve, and the low-temperature water in the main return water pipeline flows into the heat storage tank in sequence through the second valve and the second inlet / outlet. The thirteenth valve is always kept closed.

5. The heating system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The control module is specifically used for: When the temperature gradient layer inside the current heat storage tank is mixed, the scheduling strategy is determined to be a dual-tank separation mode, and the current heat storage tank and the adjacent heat storage tank connected to the current heat storage tank through the thirteenth valve are controlled to jointly perform heat storage or heat release operations according to the heating demand.

6. The heating system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The adjacent thermal storage tank includes a third inlet / outlet at the top and a fourth inlet / outlet at the bottom. The valve matrix corresponding to the adjacent thermal storage tank includes a seventh valve, an eighth valve, a ninth valve, a tenth valve, an eleventh valve, a twelfth valve, and a second water pump. The valve matrix topology corresponding to the adjacent thermal storage tank is the same as the valve matrix topology corresponding to the current thermal storage tank. The control module is specifically used for: When the heating demand is for heat storage, the first valve, the third valve, the fifth valve, the eleventh valve, the twelfth valve, and the second water pump are opened, while the second valve, the fourth valve, the sixth valve, the seventh valve, the eighth valve, the ninth valve, the tenth valve, and the first water pump are closed. This allows hot water from the main water supply pipeline to flow into the current heat storage tank sequentially through the first valve and the first inlet / outlet, and also sequentially through the first valve, the third valve, the fifth valve, and the second inlet / outlet. Meanwhile, low-temperature water from the current heat storage tank flows into the main return water pipeline sequentially through the fourth inlet / outlet, the eleventh valve, the second water pump, and the twelfth valve. When the heating demand is heat release, the third valve, the fourth valve, the eighth valve, and the first water pump are opened, and the first valve, the second valve, the fifth valve, the sixth valve, the seventh valve, the ninth valve, the tenth valve, the eleventh valve, the twelfth valve, and the first water pump are closed, so that the low-temperature water in the main return water pipeline flows into the adjacent heat storage tank through the eighth valve and the fourth inlet / outlet, and the hot water in the current heat storage tank flows into the main water supply pipeline in sequence through the first inlet / outlet, the third valve, the first water pump, and the fourth valve; The thirteenth valve is always kept open.

7. The heating system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The control module is specifically used for: When a leak occurs in the current heat storage tank, the scheduling strategy is determined to be a single-point-of-failure redundancy mode, and the valve matrix of the current heat storage tank is kept closed, and the thirteenth valve between the current heat storage tank and other heat storage tanks is closed.

8. The heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy module includes a photovoltaic module and a power grid module, and the control module is further used for: Based on the current state parameters, the system state is predicted to obtain the predicted sequences of heating load, photovoltaic output and grid electricity price; An optimization model is constructed based on the predicted sequence. The optimization model is solved to obtain the operating power sequence of multiple devices. A scheduling strategy is determined based on the operating power sequence.

9. The heating system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The control module is also used for: An objective function is constructed with the goal of minimizing electricity purchase costs, and decision variables are also constructed. The decision variables are solved based on the objective function and constraints to obtain the decision sequence for the next period; The heat source module and / or valve matrix are controlled based on the decision sequence of the next cycle, and the current state parameters are updated in real time. The process of predicting the system state based on the current state parameters is then returned. The decision variables include at least one of the following: heat pump power, photovoltaic power, thermal storage power, heat release power, electricity purchase power, and heat load power. The constraints include at least one of the following: The sum of the purchased power and the photovoltaic power is equal to the heat pump power; The first sum of the product of the heat pump power and the energy efficiency coefficient and the heat release power is equal to the second sum of the heat load and the heat storage power; The heat pump power, the heat release power, the heat storage power, and the energy storage state are all within the corresponding threshold ranges.

10. The heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat storage tank includes at least one of a thermocline heat storage tank and a forced stratified floating piston heat storage tank.

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