Monitoring system and monitoring method for direct current motor of rail locomotive

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of locomotive equipment monitoring, and provides a rail locomotive direct current motor monitoring system and a monitoring method thereof.The system comprises a programmable logic controller (PLC) and a detection induction driving part, the detection induction driving part is provided with a motor coaxial disc, and the center of the motor coaxial disc radiates outwards by a certain distance; black-and-white interval scanning areas are arranged in a radial shape at equal intervals and fixed to the end plane of the output end of the motor, photoelectric detection sensor installation holes are machined in the positions, corresponding to the black-and-white interval scanning areas, of the motor coaxial disc, and photoelectric detection sensors are fixed in the installation holes through fixing supports. The photoelectric detection sensor scans the black scanning area and the white scanning area of the black-and-white interval scanning area, acquires an analog rotating speed signal through scanning, and compares the acquired analog rotating speed signal with a preset rotating speed signal to realize monitoring of the direct current motor; the system solves the problem of poor long-time working stability caused by the fact that a contact contacts a magnetic induction area during monitoring of a traditional locomotive direct current motor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of locomotive equipment monitoring technology, and relates to the control and monitoring of locomotive DC motors, specifically a monitoring system and method for monitoring DC motors of rail locomotives. Background Technology

[0002] DC motor monitoring equipment for rail locomotives is an electrical component widely used in the electrical control system of rail locomotives. Its reliability and lifespan directly affect the reliability and safety of the entire rail locomotive equipment. Abnormal operating speed of the locomotive DC motor can lead to abnormally high output voltage, overheating of bearings, damage to mechanical structures, and severe noise and vibration.

[0003] The motor speed detection proximity switches (proximity sensors) used in current DC motors are mainly used to detect specific positions or motion states to achieve automated control, protection, or monitoring functions. In the main control circuit for monitoring the operation of electromagnetic induction rail locomotive motors, the motor speed detection proximity switch relay typically uses a magnetic inductor coil, capacitor, and transistor to form an oscillator, generating an alternating magnetic field. When a metal object approaches this magnetic field, eddy currents are generated within the metal object, causing the oscillation to stop. This change is amplified and converted into a transistor switching signal output. In application, the magnetic sensing area is significantly affected by environmental factors. Specifically, iron powder adhering to the magnetic sensing area weakens its magnetic sensitivity, leading to detection errors. This causes deviations in the PLC's judgment of normal motor operation, resulting in errors in locomotive control. A series of errors, amplified layer by layer, can cause misjudgments in the locomotive's electrical control, leading to locomotive shutdowns and logistical disruptions. Furthermore, the lifespan of the magnetic sensing area is greatly reduced, resulting in a high failure rate and poor stability of the rail locomotive.

[0004] During operation, traditional rail locomotive motor speed detection proximity relays are affected by various external environmental factors. For example, when operating in environments with iron powder, coal powder, dust, moisture, etc., dust, iron powder, and oil adhere to the surface of the magnetic sensing area of ​​the relay. Over time, this can lead to residual magnetism or demagnetization. Furthermore, the lack of sensing in the magnetic sensing area can cause a delayed switching action. Even when the stop button is pressed, the relay may still release the signal after a certain delay. While these traditional rail locomotive motor speed detection proximity relays may perform well initially, with prolonged use, foreign matter such as coal powder, iron powder, and adhesives can cause oxidation of the magnetic sensing area, resulting in poor circuit contact and an increased failure rate, leading to frequent malfunctions in rail locomotive equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a monitoring system and method for DC motors in rail locomotives, which solves the problems of oxidation of the magnetic sensing area caused by foreign objects such as coal dust, iron powder, and colloids in the magnetic sensing area of ​​traditional rail locomotive motor speed detection proximity switch relays, resulting in poor circuit contact and contact oxidation.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to achieve the above objectives is as follows: A monitoring system for a DC motor of a rail locomotive includes a PLC programmable controller and a detection and sensing drive unit. The detection and sensing drive unit has a motor coaxial disk. The center of the motor coaxial disk radiates outward at a certain distance, and black and white interval scanning areas are arranged radially at equal intervals. The black and white interval scanning areas are fixed on the end plane of the motor output end. The motor coaxial disk has mounting holes for photoelectric detection sensors at positions corresponding to the black and white interval scanning areas. The photoelectric detection sensors are installed in the mounting holes and scan the black and white scanning areas of the black and white interval scanning areas.

[0007] Furthermore, the coaxial motor disc is fixed to the outer housing of the motor with bolts, and a rubber gasket is provided between the coaxial motor disc and the housing.

[0008] Furthermore, the photoelectric detection sensor is fixed in the mounting hole using a fixed bracket and fixing screws. Furthermore, a stud is fixed to the rear end of the photoelectric detection sensor. The photoelectric detection sensor is connected to the fixed bracket through the engagement of the stud and nut. The engagement of the stud and nut can adjust the relative position of the photoelectric detection sensor and the fixed bracket.

[0009] Furthermore, the black and white alternating scanning areas are coated with a corrosion-resistant material, with the black scanning area being a black flat surface and the white scanning area being a white raised surface.

[0010] Furthermore, there are five black planes and five white protrusions.

[0011] Furthermore, a glass lens is also fitted on the side of the mounting hole near the black-and-white interval scanning area. Lens rubber pads are provided on both sides of the glass lens. The glass lens and lens rubber pads are fixed to the mounting hole of the motor coaxial tube disk by rubber pad clamping plates.

[0012] A monitoring method for a DC motor monitoring system for rail locomotives includes: S1. The DC motor runs, driving the black and white interval scanning area on the end plane of the motor output terminal to rotate; S2. The photoelectric detection sensor on the coaxial disk of the motor scans the black and white interval scanning area; S3, the photoelectric detection sensor transmits the analog rotation speed signal collected during the scanning process to the programmable controller (PLC); S4. The programmable logic controller (PLC) compares the acquired analog speed signal with the preset speed signal in the counter: When the simulated speed signal is within the preset speed signal range, the programmable logic controller (PLC) outputs a normal operation signal. When the simulated speed signal is outside the preset speed signal range, the programmable logic controller (PLC) outputs a protection intervention signal.

[0013] Furthermore, the preset speed signal in the counter is related to the rated speed of the selected motor model.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are: (1) This system uses the photoelectric detection principle to realize the rotation and counting of the motor output end, thereby monitoring the motor operation and controlling the on and off of the circuit. There are no contact points or magnetic connections between the black and white interval scanning area and the photoelectric detection sensor, avoiding problems such as oxidation of the magnetic sensing area, poor circuit contact, and contact oxidation caused by the increase in the number of operations and environmental factors. Moreover, the illumination distance between the photoelectric detection sensor and the black and white interval scanning area can be adjusted to adapt to different motor models.

[0015] (2) The system has a simple structure, is small and lightweight, does not require workers to approach, reduces safety hazards, is safe and reliable to operate, and is quick and convenient to inspect and maintain, effectively reducing the failure rate of rail locomotives; (3) The photoelectric detection sensor and the motor housing are isolated by a glass lens and sealed with a lens rubber gasket to achieve waterproof and dustproof properties, making the system more adaptable to the environment. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the black-and-white interval scanning area in this system; In the diagram: 1. Coaxial disk of motor; 2. Black and white interval scanning area; 21. Black scanning area; 22. Black scanning area; 3. Motor output end plane; 4. Mounting hole; 5. Photoelectric detection sensor; 51. Stud; 52. Nut; 6. Fixing bracket; 7. Fixing screw; 8. Glass lens; 9. Lens rubber pad; 10. Rubber pad clamping plate; 11. DC motor; 12. Rubber pad. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solution of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. It should be understood that the preferred examples described herein are only for illustration and explanation of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0018] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, a DC motor monitoring system for rail locomotives includes a detection induction drive unit. The detection induction drive unit is provided with a motor coaxial disk 1. The center of the motor coaxial disk 1 radiates outward at a certain distance, and black and white interval scanning areas 2 are arranged radially at equal intervals. The black and white interval scanning areas 2 are fixed on the end plane 3 of the motor output end. The motor coaxial disk 1 is fixed to the outer housing of the motor by bolts. A rubber gasket 12 is provided between the motor coaxial disk 1 and the housing. The motor coaxial disk 1 has mounting holes 4 for photoelectric detection sensors at positions corresponding to the black and white interval scanning areas 2. The photoelectric detection sensors 5 are fixed in the mounting holes 4 by a fixing bracket 6 and a fixing screw 7. The photoelectric detection sensors 5 scan the black scanning area 21 and the white scanning area 2 of the black and white interval scanning area 2.

[0019] The rear end of the photoelectric detection sensor 5 is fixed with a stud 51. The photoelectric detection sensor 5 is connected to the fixed bracket 6 through the cooperation of the stud 51 and the nut 52. The stud 51 and the nut 52 can adjust the relative position of the photoelectric detection sensor 5 and the fixed bracket 6, thereby adjusting the irradiation distance of the photoelectric detection sensor 5 to adapt to different motor models.

[0020] The black scanning area 21 of the black-and-white alternating scanning area consists of 5 black planes, and the white scanning area 22 consists of 5 white protrusions. The black planes and white protrusions are coated with a corrosion-resistant material.

[0021] A glass lens 8 is mounted on the side of the mounting hole 4 near the black-and-white interval scanning area 2. Lens rubber pads 9 are provided on both sides of the glass lens 8 to protect the glass lens 8 while achieving waterproofing and dustproofing. The glass lens 8 and the lens rubber pads 9 are fixed to the mounting hole 4 of the motor coaxial tube disk 1 by the rubber pad clamping piece 10.

[0022] The photoelectric sensor 5 is connected to the programmable logic controller (PLC) via its terminal. The detection end of the photoelectric sensor 5 scans the black scan area 21 and white scan area 22 of the black-and-white interval scan area 2 to obtain an analog speed signal, which is fed back to the PLC. The collected analog speed signal is compared with the counter set value in the PLC. If the set value is reached, the PLC outputs a normal operation signal; if the set value is lower, the PLC outputs a protection intervention signal. The setting of the counter set value is related to the rated speed of the selected motor model.

[0023] The system's control principle: The DC motor 11 of the railcar runs, driving the black-and-white interval scanning area 2 on the output end plane 3 of the motor to rotate. The photoelectric detection sensor 5 on the coaxial disk 1 of the motor scans the black scanning area 21 and the white scanning area 22 of the black-and-white interval scanning area 2, and collects the analog speed signal obtained during the scanning process. When the collected analog speed signal is inconsistent with the preset signal of the programmable controller PLC, the transistor sensing circuit inside the photoelectric detection sensor 5 is disconnected, the corresponding railcar control circuit (such as the measured motor speed circuit) is disconnected, the corresponding control system of the railcar enters the disconnected state, stops running, and outputs a protection signal; when the collected analog speed signal is within the set range of the programmable controller PLC preset signal, it indicates that the motor speed has reached the set value, the normal operation signal is output, and the relay works normally in a cycle.

[0024] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A system for monitoring a DC motor of a rail locomotive, the system comprising: Including programmable controller PLC and detection induction drive part, detection induction drive part is equipped with motor coaxial disc, the center of motor coaxial disc radiates a certain distance outward, and black and white interval scanning area is arranged equidistantly in a radial manner, black and white interval scanning area is fixed on the end plane of motor output end, photoelectric detection sensor mounting hole is processed on motor coaxial disc corresponding to black and white interval scanning area, photoelectric detection sensor is fixed in mounting hole, and photoelectric detection sensor scans black scanning area and white scanning area of black and white interval scanning area.

2. A system for monitoring a DC electric motor of a rail vehicle as defined in claim 1, wherein: The motor coaxial disc is fixed with the shell outside the motor by bolts, and rubber pads are arranged between the motor coaxial disc and the shell.

3. A system for monitoring a DC electric motor of a rail vehicle as defined in claim 1, wherein: The photoelectric detection sensor is fixed in the mounting hole by a fixed support and a fixed screw.

4. A system for monitoring a DC electric motor of a rail vehicle as defined in claim 1, wherein: The rear end of the photoelectric detection sensor is fixed with a stud, and the photoelectric detection sensor is connected with the fixed support through the stud and a nut, and the relative position of the photoelectric detection sensor and the fixed support can be adjusted by the stud and the nut.

5. A system for monitoring a DC electric motor of a rail vehicle as defined in claim 1, wherein: The black and white interval scanning area is coated with corrosion-resistant material, the black scanning area is a black plane, and the white scanning area is a white protrusion.

6. A system for monitoring a DC electric motor of a rail vehicle as defined in claim 1, wherein: The black plane and the white protrusion are 5 respectively.

7. A system for monitoring a DC electric motor of a rail vehicle as defined in claim 1 wherein: The mounting hole is also equipped with a glass lens sheet near the black and white interval scanning area side, and lens rubber pads are arranged on both sides of the glass lens sheet, and the glass lens sheet and the lens rubber pads are fixed on the mounting hole of the motor coaxial tube disc by rubber pad pressing pieces.

8. A monitoring method for a rail locomotive DC motor monitoring system, the method comprising: The method comprises the following steps: S1, the DC motor runs, drives the black and white interval scanning area on the end plane of the motor output end to rotate; S2, the photoelectric detection sensor on the motor coaxial disc scans the black and white interval scanning area; S3, the photoelectric detection sensor transmits the analog speed signal collected in the scanning process to the programmable controller PLC; S4, the programmable controller PLC compares the collected analog speed signal with the preset speed signal in the counter: When the analog speed signal is in the preset speed signal range, the programmable controller PLC outputs a normal operation signal; When the analog speed signal is not in the preset speed signal range, the programmable controller PLC outputs a protection intervention signal.

9. The monitoring method for a DC motor monitoring system of a rail locomotive according to claim 8, wherein: The setting of the preset speed signal in the counter is related to the rated speed of the monitored motor model.

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