A wind-cooled stack humidifying device applied to a hydrogen fuel cell of a new energy vehicle

Abstract

The application discloses a wind-cooled stack humidifying device applied to a hydrogen fuel cell of a new energy automobile, relates to the technical field of hydrogen fuel cells, and comprises an air inlet cover, a wind-cooled stack shell, a fan, a rotating sleeve and a water tank, further comprises: purification filter cotton which is arranged at equal angles in the inner wall of the rotating sleeve port; a humidifying mechanism which is arranged on one side of the water tank; a reverse cleaning mechanism which is arranged on the air inlet cover; a switching mechanism which is arranged on the outer wall of the air inlet cover and the rotating sleeve; the reverse cleaning mechanism comprises first cover bodies and second cover bodies which are arranged at equal angles on the inner side and the outer side surface of the purification filter cotton towards the air inlet cover respectively, and the end faces of the first cover bodies and the second cover bodies towards the purification filter cotton are all of fan-shaped structures. In the process of regular humidification, the unused or cleaned purification filter cotton can be automatically switched to filter and purify air, the air flowability of the purification filter cotton in use is ensured, and dust and impurities adsorbed on the surface of the purification filter cotton can be effectively cleaned and collected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hydrogen fuel cell technology, specifically to a humidification device for an air-cooled stack of hydrogen fuel cells used in new energy vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] Hydrogen fuel cells are a very popular new environmentally friendly energy product in the energy market in recent years. Due to the advantages of simple structure, light weight, fast start-up and low cost of air-cooled stacks, they are particularly suitable for miniaturization, portability and backup power scenarios, and therefore have important application value in many industries.

[0003] The air-cooled stacks of hydrogen fuel cells in new energy vehicles require humidification, primarily to maintain suitable humidity levels in the proton exchange membrane (PEM), thereby ensuring efficient electrochemical reaction operation. The performance of the PEM is highly dependent on its water content. If the membrane is too dry, proton conduction efficiency decreases, membrane resistance increases, and the cell's output efficiency drops. Conversely, if the membrane is too wet, it may cause "flooding," hindering the diffusion of reactant gases and similarly affecting cell performance. Therefore, maintaining suitable membrane humidity is crucial for ensuring efficient fuel cell operation.

[0004] When the hydrogen fuel cell starts operating, the fan also runs, creating suction at the air inlet. Air is drawn in and passes through the filter cotton, which filters out dust and impurities, removing gaseous contaminants to prevent contamination of the fuel cell stack. Next, the humidifier nozzles begin atomizing humidification, and the resulting water mist is drawn into the fuel cell stack by the fan's suction, maintaining the humidity of the membrane electrode assembly (MEA). The control program uses periodic spray humidification to prevent excessive humidity from prolonged atomization and to significantly reduce power consumption.

[0005] In existing technologies, while purification filter cotton can effectively block dust and impurities, it is prone to varying degrees of clogging after a period of use. When the filter cotton is severely clogged, the electrochemical reaction of the proton exchange membrane in the air-cooled fuel cell stack cannot operate efficiently due to the small air intake. When the filter cotton is not severely clogged, the different locations of the clogging can lead to uneven airflow. When atomization and humidification begin, the water mist will also enter the fuel cell stack unevenly with the airflow, resulting in uneven humidity of the proton exchange membrane in the air-cooled fuel cell stack and affecting its performance.

[0006] To address the aforementioned issues, there is an urgent need for innovative designs based on the existing humidification devices for air-cooled reactors. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This invention addresses the problem of overly simplistic solutions in existing technologies by providing a significantly different solution. Specifically, the purpose of this invention is to provide a humidification device for an air-cooled fuel cell stack in new energy vehicles, thereby solving the problem mentioned in the background that when the filter cotton is not severely clogged, uneven airflow can occur due to the different locations of the blockages. When atomization humidification begins, the water mist will also enter the fuel cell stack unevenly with the airflow, resulting in uneven humidity of the proton exchange membrane in the air-cooled fuel cell stack.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a humidification device for an air-cooled reactor of a hydrogen fuel cell for new energy vehicles, comprising an air inlet shroud, an air-cooled reactor shell, a fan, a rotating sleeve, and a water tank, and further comprising:

[0009] The purification filter cotton is set at equal angles on the inner wall of the rotating sleeve port to intercept dust and impurities in the air and purify gaseous pollutants.

[0010] A humidification mechanism located on one side of the water tank is used to periodically generate water mist inside the air intake shroud for humidifying the air-cooled reactor;

[0011] The reverse cleaning mechanism installed on the air intake hood is used to clean the dust and impurities adsorbed on the surface of the filter cotton by using reverse airflow during periodic humidification.

[0012] A switching mechanism is installed on the outer wall of the air intake hood and the rotating sleeve to automatically switch the intake of the cleaned purification filter cotton before periodic humidification;

[0013] The anti-cleaning mechanism includes a first cover and a second cover, which are respectively disposed at equal angles on the inner and outer surfaces of the purification filter cotton facing the air intake cover, and the end faces of the first cover and the second cover facing the purification filter cotton are both fan-shaped structures.

[0014] Preferably, the rotating sleeve is fitted onto the outer wall of the port of the air inlet hood, and a partition strip fixed to the inner wall of the rotating sleeve is provided between two adjacent sets of purification filter cotton.

[0015] The outer wall of the air intake hood port is provided with an annular protrusion, and the inner wall of the rotating sleeve is provided with an annular groove that matches the annular protrusion.

[0016] Preferably, the humidification mechanism includes an electric push rod vertically fixed to one side of the water tank, and a pressure cylinder is fixed to one side of the water tank below the electric push rod. A first piston that slides in cooperation with the inner wall of the pressure cylinder is fixed to the telescopic end of the electric push rod. A first spring is fixed to the bottom of the first piston. A second piston that slides in cooperation with the inner wall of the pressure cylinder is fixed to the bottom of the first spring. A second spring is fixed between the bottom of the second piston and the inner wall of the bottom end of the pressure cylinder.

[0017] Preferably, the top of the water tank is provided with a water inlet;

[0018] The water tank and the bottom of the pressure cylinder are connected by a one-way valve and a pipeline. The top inner wall of the air intake hood is provided with an atomizing nozzle. The pressure cylinder and the atomizing nozzle are connected by a one-way valve and a pipeline.

[0019] Preferably, the anti-cleaning mechanism further includes an air groove fixed to the top of the air intake hood, and a pressure plate that is in sealing and sliding fit with the air groove is provided inside the air groove. A connecting column is fixed between the bottom of the second piston and the top of the pressure plate, and the connecting column is in sealing and sliding fit with the bottom of the pressure cylinder.

[0020] An annular tube is fixed to the outside of the air intake hood, and the annular tube is connected to the first hood body through a pipe that passes through the air intake hood.

[0021] Preferably, the bottom of the air trough is connected to the air inlet hood via a one-way valve and a pipeline, and the lower outer wall of the air trough is connected to the annular pipe via a one-way valve and a pipeline.

[0022] Preferably, the front outer wall of the air intake hood is fixed with a dust collection cylinder corresponding to the second hood body at an equal angle, and a conveying pipe is connected between the end of the second hood body facing the outside of the air intake hood and the dust collection cylinder. Each end of the dust collection cylinder is provided with a detachable filter screen.

[0023] Preferably, the switching mechanism includes an annular cylinder sleeved on the outside of the rotating sleeve, and a ratchet mechanism is provided between the rotating sleeve and the annular cylinder;

[0024] A hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the top of the air intake shroud, and a third spring is fixed to the inner wall of the end of the hydraulic cylinder. One end of the third spring is connected to a third piston that slides with the hydraulic cylinder, and a movable rod extending to the outside of the annular cylinder is fixed to the outer wall of the third piston.

[0025] Preferably, a hose is connected between the end of the hydraulic cylinder and the top of the first piston, and the pressure cylinder and the hydraulic cylinder are connected through the hose.

[0026] Preferably, the switching mechanism further includes a guide post fixed to the bottom of the movable rod, and the outer wall of the annular cylinder is spirally provided with a groove that slides with the guide post.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0028] This invention includes a humidification mechanism and a switching mechanism. During periodic humidification, the switching mechanism automatically switches between unused and cleaned purification filter cotton for air filtration and purification, ensuring airflow during use. The first and second covers, distributed at equal angles, separate the purification filter cotton at equal angles. Each use of the purification filter cotton is preceded by a set of used purification filter cotton undergoing a cleaning process. Thus, the purification filter cotton is evenly distributed at the air inlet of the air intake cover. Utilizing the airflow and dispersion properties, the air entering the air intake cover through the purification filter cotton is also uniform. This uniform airflow results in a more even distribution of water mist entering the air-cooled fuel cell stack.

[0029] Secondly, a reverse cleaning mechanism is set up. During the humidification process, the pressure plate will transport the air in the air tank to the annular pipe. The annular pipe will then transport the air to the first cover through the pipeline. Since the first cover and the second cover are respectively corresponding, the airflow will pass through the purification filter cotton. Under the blowing action of the reverse airflow, the dust and impurities adsorbed on the surface of the purification filter cotton can be blown away and transported to the dust collection cylinder through the conveying pipe. After the airflow carries the dust and impurities to the dust collection cylinder, the airflow passes through the filter screen, and the dust and impurities in the airflow are intercepted by the filter screen, thereby effectively cleaning the dust and impurities adsorbed on the surface of the purification filter cotton. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional perspective view of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the image;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a perspective view of the anti-cleaning mechanism and the switching mechanism of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a plan view of the anti-cleaning mechanism and the switching mechanism of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 This is a plan view of the ratchet mechanism between the rotating sleeve and the annular cylinder of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional view of the purification filter cotton after the rotating sleeve of the present invention has been cut open;

[0037] Figure 8 This is a first-view perspective perspective view of a portion of the anti-cleaning mechanism of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 9 This is a second-view perspective perspective view of a portion of the anti-cleaning mechanism of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional perspective view of the hydraulic cylinder of the present invention.

[0040] In the diagram: 1. Inlet hood; 2. Air-cooled reactor shell; 3. Fan; 4. Rotating sleeve; 5. Separator strip; 6. Purification filter cotton; 7. Water tank; 8. Electric push rod; 9. Pressure cylinder; 10. First piston; 11. First spring; 12. Second piston; 13. Second spring; 14. Atomizing nozzle; 15. Air groove; 16. Pressure plate; 17. Connecting column; 18. Annular pipe; 19. First cover; 20. Ash collection cylinder; 21. Conveying pipe; 22. Second cover; 23. Filter screen; 24. Annular cylinder; 25. Ratchet mechanism; 26. Hydraulic cylinder; 27. Third spring; 28. Third piston; 29. ​​Movable rod; 30. Guide column. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] Please see Figures 1 to 10 This invention provides a technical solution: a humidification device for an air-cooled stack of hydrogen fuel cells used in new energy vehicles, comprising an air inlet shroud 1, an air-cooled stack shell 2, a fan 3, a rotating sleeve 4, and a water tank 7, and further comprising:

[0043] The purification filter cotton 6 is set at equal angles on the inner wall of the rotating sleeve 4 port to intercept dust and impurities in the air and purify gaseous pollutants.

[0044] A humidification mechanism located on one side of the water tank 7 is used to periodically generate water mist inside the air intake shroud 1 for humidifying the air-cooled reactor;

[0045] The reverse cleaning mechanism installed on the air intake hood 1 is used to clean the dust and impurities adsorbed on the surface of the purification filter cotton 6 by using reverse airflow during the periodic humidification process;

[0046] A switching mechanism is installed on the outer wall of the air intake hood 1 and the rotating sleeve 4 to automatically switch the air intake of the cleaned purification filter cotton 6 before periodic humidification;

[0047] The anti-cleaning mechanism includes a first cover 19 and a second cover 22, which are respectively disposed at equal angles on the inner and outer surfaces of the purification filter cotton 6 facing the air intake cover 1, and the end faces of the first cover 19 and the second cover 22 facing the purification filter cotton 6 are both fan-shaped structures.

[0048] The rotating sleeve 4 is fitted onto the outer wall of the port of the air inlet hood 1, and a partition strip 5 fixed to the inner wall of the rotating sleeve 4 is provided between two adjacent sets of purification filter cotton 6.

[0049] In the specific implementation, the air intake hood 1, the air-cooled stack shell 2, and the fan 3 are installed and connected in sequence. There are six sets of purification filter cotton 6, and each set of purification filter cotton 6 is a fan-shaped structure with the same angle. Every two sets of purification filter cotton 6 are separated by a separator 5. The first cover 19 and the second cover 22 each have three sets, and the size of the first cover 19 and the second cover 22 matches the size of the purification filter cotton 6.

[0050] An annular protrusion is provided on the outer wall of the air intake shroud 1, and an annular groove matching the annular protrusion is provided on the inner wall of the rotating sleeve 4.

[0051] In practice, the annular protrusion is used to lock the rotating sleeve 4 in the annular groove to limit its movement, but this does not affect the rotation of the rotating sleeve 4 at the port of the air intake shroud 1.

[0052] The humidification mechanism includes an electric push rod 8 vertically fixed to one side of the water tank 7, and a pressure cylinder 9 fixed below the electric push rod 8 on one side of the water tank 7. A first piston 10 is fixed to the telescopic end of the electric push rod 8 and slides with the inner wall of the pressure cylinder 9. A first spring 11 is fixed to the bottom of the first piston 10. A second piston 12 is fixed to the bottom of the first spring 11 and slides with the inner wall of the pressure cylinder 9. A second spring 13 is fixed between the bottom of the second piston 12 and the inner wall of the bottom end of the pressure cylinder 9.

[0053] In practice, the space between the first piston 10 and the second piston 12 is filled with oil, and the inside of the pressure cylinder 9, located below the second piston 12, is filled with water.

[0054] A water inlet is provided on the top of water tank 7;

[0055] In practice, when the water level in water tank 7 is low, it can be replenished through the water inlet.

[0056] The bottom of the water tank 7 and the pressure cylinder 9 are connected by a one-way valve and a pipeline. The inner wall of the top of the air intake hood 1 is provided with an atomizing nozzle 14. The pressure cylinder 9 and the atomizing nozzle 14 are connected by a one-way valve and a pipeline.

[0057] In practice, the flow direction of the one-way valve and pipeline between the water tank 7 and the bottom of the pressure cylinder 9 is that the water tank 7 delivers to the pressure cylinder 9, and the flow direction of the one-way valve and pipeline between the pressure cylinder 9 and the atomizing nozzle 14 is that the pressure cylinder 9 delivers to the atomizing nozzle 14.

[0058] The anti-cleaning mechanism also includes an air groove 15 fixed to the top of the air intake hood 1. The air groove 15 is provided with a pressure plate 16 that is in a sealing sliding fit with it. A connecting column 17 is fixed between the bottom of the second piston 12 and the top of the pressure plate 16. The connecting column 17 is in a sealing sliding fit with the bottom of the pressure cylinder 9.

[0059] An annular tube 18 is fixed to the outside of the air intake hood 1, and the annular tube 18 is connected to the first hood body 19 through a pipe passing through the air intake hood 1.

[0060] The bottom of the air trough 15 is connected to the air intake hood 1 via a one-way valve and a pipeline, and the lower outer wall of the air trough 15 is connected to the annular pipe 18 via a one-way valve and a pipeline.

[0061] In specific implementation, the one-way valve and pipeline between the bottom of the air trough 15 and the air intake hood 1 flow in the direction of gas from the air intake hood 1 to the air trough 15, and the one-way valve and pipeline between the lower outer wall of the air trough 15 and the annular pipe 18 flow in the direction of gas from the air trough 15 to the annular pipe 18.

[0062] The front outer wall of the air intake hood 1 is fixed with a dust collection cylinder 20 corresponding to the second hood 22 at the same angle. The end of the second hood 22 facing the outside of the air intake hood 1 is connected to the dust collection cylinder 20 with a conveying pipe 21. The ends of the dust collection cylinder 20 are all provided with detachable filter screens 23.

[0063] In specific implementation, the second cover 22 is set as a constricted structure along the direction of the conveying pipe 21, so that the airflow mixed with dust and impurities can be conveyed to the dust collection cylinder 20 through the second cover 22 and the conveying pipe 21.

[0064] The switching mechanism includes an annular cylinder 24 sleeved on the outside of the rotating sleeve 4, and a ratchet mechanism 25 is provided between the rotating sleeve 4 and the annular cylinder 24.

[0065] A hydraulic cylinder 26 is fixed to the top of the air intake shroud 1. A third spring 27 is fixed to the inner wall of the end of the hydraulic cylinder 26. One end of the third spring 27 is connected to a third piston 28 that slides with the hydraulic cylinder 26. A movable rod 29 extending to the outside of the annular cylinder 24 is fixed to the outer wall of the third piston 28.

[0066] A hose is connected between the end of the hydraulic cylinder 26 and the top of the first piston 10, and the pressure cylinder 9 is connected to the hydraulic cylinder 26 through the hose.

[0067] In practice, the inside of the hose and the area of ​​the third piston 28 inside the hydraulic cylinder 26 located in the third spring 27 are filled with oil.

[0068] The switching mechanism also includes a guide post 30 fixed to the bottom of the movable rod 29, and the outer wall of the annular cylinder 24 is spirally provided with a groove that slides with the guide post 30.

[0069] In practice, the groove is located at an opening angle of 60° on the outer wall of the annular cylinder 24, so that after the guide post 30 slides to the end in the groove, the annular cylinder 24 rotates 60° synchronously.

[0070] Working principle: First, the fan 3 is turned on. Under the suction of the fan 3, the air is first filtered and purified by the purification filter cotton 6 to remove dust, impurities and gaseous pollutants from the air. The purified air then flows through the air intake hood 1 to the air-cooled fuel cell stack in the air-cooled fuel cell stack shell 2. The ions in the air undergo an electrochemical reaction with the proton exchange membrane in the air-cooled fuel cell stack, which has a certain humidity. Finally, the air is discharged through the fan 3, and the air is always in a continuous circulation state.

[0071] like Figure 1 As shown, at this time, the three sets of purification filter cotton 6 are blocked by the second cover 22, and the air is circulated by the other three sets of purification filter cotton 6. The other three sets of purification filter cotton 6 are evenly distributed at the air inlet of the air inlet cover 1. By utilizing the airflow dispersion, the air is also evenly distributed when it enters the air inlet cover 1 through the other three sets of purification filter cotton 6.

[0072] Then, during the periodic humidification of the air-cooled fuel cell stack inside the air-cooled reactor shell 2, the electric push rod 8 is periodically extended and retracted. During the extension stroke of the electric push rod 8, the extension end of the electric push rod 8 pushes the first piston 10. Since the elastic force of the first spring 11 is less than that of the second spring 13, the first piston 10 will slide downward first, squeezing the oil between the first piston 10 and the second piston 12 through the hose into the hydraulic cylinder 26. The oil then pushes the third piston 28 to slide. The third piston 28 then drives the guide post 30 to slide in the groove on the outer wall of the annular cylinder 24 through the movable rod 29. Since the groove has a spiral structure and the opening angle of the groove on the outer wall of the annular cylinder 24 is 60°, Figure 6 As shown, the annular cylinder 24 rotates 60° clockwise. Under the action of the ratchet mechanism 25, the annular cylinder 24 drives the rotating sleeve 4 to rotate 60°. At this time, the annular cylinder 24 will drive the three unused sets of purification filter cotton 6 to move out of the first cover 19 and the second cover 22. After a period of use, the three sets of purification filter cotton 6 will rotate to the corresponding areas of the first cover 19 and the second cover 22 and be covered.

[0073] At this time, the telescopic end of the electric push rod 8 will continue to push the first piston 10 down. As the first piston 10 and the second piston 12 are compressed to the maximum stroke, the first piston 10 will push the second piston 12 to slide. While the second piston 12 is squeezing the second spring 13, the water inside the pressure cylinder 9 located below the second piston 12 is transported to the atomizing nozzle 14 through the one-way valve and pipeline. The atomizing nozzle 14 sprays the water out in the form of water mist in the air intake hood 1. Then, the air that enters the air intake hood 1 through the three sets of purification filter cotton 6 is dispersed and the water mist is evenly carried to the air-cooled fuel cell stack in the air-cooled fuel cell housing 2 for humidification.

[0074] During the downward stroke of the extension end of the electric push rod 8, the second piston 12 also drives the connecting column 17 to move downward. The connecting column 17 pushes the pressure plate 16 to slide downward in the air groove 15. The pressure plate 16 then transports the air in the air groove 15 to the annular pipe 18 through the one-way valve and pipeline. The annular pipe 18 then transports the air to the three sets of first covers 19 through pipelines. Since the first cover 19 corresponds to the second cover 22, the airflow will pass through the three sets of purification filter cotton 6 after a period of use. Under the blowing action of the reverse airflow, the dust and impurities adsorbed on the surface of the three sets of purification filter cotton 6 can be blown away and transported to the dust collection cylinder 20 through the conveying pipe 21. After the airflow carries the dust and impurities to the dust collection cylinder 20, the airflow passes through the filter screen 23. The dust and impurities in the airflow are intercepted by the filter screen 23. The filter screen 23 is detachable and can be removed to clean the dust and impurities inside the dust collection cylinder 20.

[0075] Finally, after the telescopic end of the electric push rod 8 extends to a fixed stroke, it begins to reset. During the reset process, water in the water tank 7 can be pumped to below the second piston 12 for replenishment through the one-way valve and pipeline between the pressure cylinder 9 and the water tank 7. Oil in the hydraulic cylinder 26 is pumped back between the first piston 10 and the second piston 12 through the hose. Under the action of the third spring 27, the third piston 28 pulls the movable rod 29 to reset. The guide post 30 at the bottom of the movable rod 29 slides in the opposite direction within the groove on the outer wall of the annular cylinder 24. Under the action of the ratchet mechanism 25, the annular cylinder 24... The outer side of the rotating sleeve 4 rotates freely. The spring in the ratchet mechanism 25 has low elasticity, and there is a certain sliding friction between the rotating sleeve 4 and the outer wall of the air intake hood 1. Therefore, the annular cylinder 24 will not drive the rotating sleeve 4 to rotate when it is idling. At the same time, the pressure plate 16 slides up and resets, and the one-way valve and pipeline connected between the bottom of the air groove 15 and the air intake hood 1 replenish the air groove 15 with air. The air drawn from the air intake hood 1 is filtered and purified air. Therefore, when the air in the air groove 15 is used to back-clean the purification filter cotton 6, the surface of the purification filter cotton 6 facing the inside of the air intake hood 1 will not be contaminated.

[0076] The above process is repeated during regular humidification, switching to the cleaned purification filter cotton 6 for use, and cleaning the surface dust and impurities of the used purification filter cotton 6.

[0077] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A humidification device for an air-cooled fuel cell in a new energy vehicle, comprising an air inlet shroud (1), an air-cooled fuel cell shell (2), a fan (3), a rotating sleeve (4), and a water tank (7), characterized in that, Also includes: Purification filter cotton (6) is set at equal angles on the inner wall of the port of the rotating sleeve (4) to intercept dust and impurities in the air and purify gaseous pollutants; A humidification mechanism is installed on one side of the water tank (7) to periodically generate water mist in the air intake hood (1) for humidifying the air-cooled reactor; The humidification mechanism includes an electric push rod (8) vertically fixed to one side of the water tank (7), and a pressure cylinder (9) is fixed to one side of the water tank (7) below the electric push rod (8). The telescopic end of the electric push rod (8) is fixed with a first piston (10) that slides in cooperation with the inner wall of the pressure cylinder (9). A first spring (11) is fixed to the bottom of the first piston (10). A second piston (12) that slides in cooperation with the inner wall of the pressure cylinder (9) is fixed to the bottom of the first spring (11). A second spring (13) is fixed between the bottom of the second piston (12) and the inner wall of the bottom end of the pressure cylinder (9). The reverse cleaning mechanism installed on the air intake hood (1) is used to clean the dust and impurities adsorbed on the surface of the purification filter cotton (6) by using reverse airflow during the periodic humidification process; A switching mechanism is installed on the outer wall of the air intake hood (1) and the rotating sleeve (4) to automatically switch the cleaned purification filter cotton (6) to intake air before periodic humidification; The anti-cleaning mechanism includes a first cover (19) and a second cover (22) that are respectively set at equal angles on the inner and outer surfaces of the purification filter cotton (6) facing the air intake cover (1), and the end faces of the first cover (19) and the second cover (22) facing the purification filter cotton (6) are both fan-shaped structures. The anti-cleaning mechanism also includes an air groove (15) fixed on the top of the air intake hood (1). The air groove (15) is provided with a pressure plate (16) that is in a sealing sliding fit with it. A connecting column (17) is fixed between the bottom of the second piston (12) and the top of the pressure plate (16). The connecting column (17) is in a sealing sliding fit with the bottom of the pressure cylinder (9). An annular tube (18) is fixed on the outside of the air intake hood (1), and the annular tube (18) and the first hood (19) are respectively connected by a pipe that passes through the air intake hood (1). The bottom of the air trough (15) is connected to the air intake hood (1) through a one-way valve and a pipeline, and the lower outer wall of the air trough (15) is connected to the annular pipe (18) through a one-way valve and a pipeline.

2. The air-cooled stack humidification device for hydrogen fuel cells in new energy vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating sleeve (4) is fitted on the outer wall of the port of the air inlet hood (1), and a partition strip (5) fixed to the inner wall of the rotating sleeve (4) is provided between two adjacent sets of purification filter cotton (6). The outer wall of the air intake hood (1) is provided with an annular protrusion, and the inner wall of the rotating sleeve (4) is provided with an annular groove that matches the annular protrusion.

3. The air-cooled stack humidification device for hydrogen fuel cells in new energy vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the water tank (7) is provided with a water inlet; The water tank (7) and the bottom of the pressure cylinder (9) are connected by a one-way valve and a pipeline. The top inner wall of the air intake hood (1) is provided with an atomizing nozzle (14). The pressure cylinder (9) and the atomizing nozzle (14) are connected by a one-way valve and a pipeline.

4. A humidification device for an air-cooled fuel cell in a new energy vehicle, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that: The front outer wall of the air intake hood (1) is fixed with a dust collection cylinder (20) corresponding to the second hood (22) at an equal angle. A conveying pipe (21) is connected between the end of the second hood (22) facing the outside of the air intake hood (1) and the dust collection cylinder (20). The ends of the dust collection cylinder (20) are all provided with detachable filter screens (23).

5. A humidification device for an air-cooled fuel cell in a new energy vehicle, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that: The switching mechanism includes an annular cylinder (24) sleeved on the outside of the rotating sleeve (4), and a ratchet mechanism (25) is provided between the rotating sleeve (4) and the annular cylinder (24). A hydraulic cylinder (26) is fixed to the top of the air intake hood (1). A third spring (27) is fixed to the inner wall of the end of the hydraulic cylinder (26). One end of the third spring (27) is connected to a third piston (28) that slides with the hydraulic cylinder (26). A movable rod (29) extending to the outside of the annular cylinder (24) is fixed to the outer wall of the third piston (28).

6. A humidification device for an air-cooled fuel cell in a new energy vehicle, as described in claim 5, is characterized in that: A hose is connected between the end of the hydraulic cylinder (26) and the top of the first piston (10), and the pressure cylinder (9) and the hydraulic cylinder (26) are connected through the hose.

7. A humidification device for an air-cooled fuel cell in a new energy vehicle, as described in claim 5, is characterized in that: The switching mechanism also includes a guide post (30) fixed to the bottom of the movable rod (29), and the outer wall of the annular cylinder (24) is spirally provided with a groove that slides with the guide post (30).

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