Adaptive variable frequency insertion loss adjusting power supply filter

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of power filter, especially to a kind of adaptive frequency conversion plug loss adjusting power filter;Technical scheme a kind of adaptive frequency conversion plug loss adjusting power filter, including resonance induction and frequency capture module and resonance parameter matching and optimization module;The present application realizes the frequency adaptive tracking of resonant circuit by resonance parameter matching and optimization module, and the capacitance array adjusting unit adopts voltage-controlled varactor diode array;Inductance compensation unit then utilizes MEMS adjustable inductance, changes inductance by driving coil, when resonance induction module captures frequency variation, control module immediately calls pre-stored resonance fingerprint library, generates adjusting instruction by PID controller, drives varactor diode and MEMS inductance synchronous adjustment, so that resonant frequency is always kept synchronous with power frequency, so that the efficiency of filter in high frequency band is effectively improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of power filter, and particularly relates to a self-adaptive frequency conversion insertion loss adjusting power filter. BACKGROUND

[0002] The power filter is an electronic device which works with impedance network and resonant circuit, and its core is to use the frequency selective characteristic of LC resonator to construct a dynamic impedance matching network. When the power signal enters the filter, the inductance and capacitance in the resonant circuit form a resonant unit to form a high impedance channel at a specific frequency, thereby effectively suppressing the interference signal. Meanwhile, by adjusting the resonator parameters, the impedance network can be optimized in real time, so that the filter can maintain the best insertion loss characteristics under different load conditions, and finally achieve the purpose of purifying power and reducing electromagnetic interference.

[0003] The resonant frequency of the existing power filter is determined by fixed capacitance and inductance value, and cannot track the power frequency change in real time. When the device switching frequency changes due to the working mode switching, the traditional resonant circuit cannot dynamically adjust the resonant point, which will cause the resonant peak to deviate from the target frequency, the insertion loss adjustment fails, and the resonator works at a non-resonant frequency point to generate additional heat loss. In addition, when the frequency suddenly changes, the traditional circuit needs several seconds to complete the parameter re-adjustment, which cannot meet the millisecond level response requirement of modern power electronic devices. The fixed resonant circuit will appear frequency selective distortion in wideband application, which will cause insufficient suppression ability in some frequency bands.

[0004] For the existing power filter, the resonant frequency is determined by the fixed capacitance and inductance value, which cannot track the power frequency change in real time. When the device switching frequency changes due to the working mode switching, the traditional resonant circuit cannot dynamically adjust the resonant point, which will cause the resonant peak to deviate from the target frequency, the insertion loss adjustment fails, and the resonator works at a non-resonant frequency point, generating additional heat loss. Secondly, when the frequency suddenly changes, the traditional circuit needs several seconds to complete the parameter re-adjustment, which cannot meet the millisecond-level response requirement of modern power electronic devices. The fixed resonant circuit will appear frequency selective distortion in wideband application, resulting in insufficient suppression ability in some frequency bands. The present scheme realizes the frequency adaptive tracking of the resonant circuit through the resonant parameter matching and optimization module. The capacitance array adjustment unit uses a voltage-controlled variable capacitance diode array, and the capacitance value can be continuously adjusted in the range of 1pF~100pF through the voltage signal. The inductance compensation unit uses MEMS adjustable inductance, and the inductance value is changed through the driving coil. When the resonant induction module captures the frequency change, the control module immediately calls the pre-stored resonant fingerprint library, generates adjustment instructions through the PID controller, and drives the variable capacitance diode and the MEMS inductance to adjust synchronously, so that the resonant frequency always keeps synchronous with the power frequency, thereby shortening the resonant frequency adjustment time from several seconds to within 10us, and realizing the insertion loss fluctuation≤0.2dB within the frequency change range of 100:1. At the same time, the dynamic resonant adjustment mechanism eliminates the heat loss caused by frequency mismatch of the traditional circuit, so that the efficiency of the filter in the high frequency band is effectively improved. SUMMARY

[0005] In order to overcome the problem that the resonant frequency of the existing power filter is determined by the fixed capacitance and inductance value, which cannot track the power frequency change in real time, when the device switching frequency changes due to the working mode switching, the traditional resonant circuit cannot dynamically adjust the resonant point, which will cause the resonant peak to deviate from the target frequency, the insertion loss adjustment fails, and the resonator works at a non-resonant frequency point, generating additional heat loss. Secondly, when the frequency suddenly changes, the traditional circuit needs several seconds to complete the parameter re-adjustment, which cannot meet the millisecond-level response requirement of modern power electronic devices. The fixed resonant circuit will appear frequency selective distortion in wideband application, resulting in insufficient suppression ability in some frequency bands.

[0006] The technical scheme of the present application is as follows: an adaptive variable frequency insertion loss adjustment power filter, comprising the following modules:

[0007] The resonant induction and frequency capture module is used for real-time monitoring of the power signal frequency, capturing the resonant point and feeding back to the control module.

[0008] The resonant parameter matching and optimization module is used for dynamically adjusting the resonator parameters according to the captured frequency, and optimizing the insertion loss.

[0009] As a preferred, the resonant induction and frequency capture module comprises:

[0010] A11: Induction coil unit, including high-frequency induction coil, ferrite core and shielded shell, for capturing frequency components in power line through electromagnetic induction, and the core enhances signal sensitivity;

[0011] A12: Resonance detection unit, including LC resonant cavity, peak detection chip and comparator circuit, for identifying resonant frequency in the induction signal and generating a resonance flag bit;

[0012] A13: Frequency digitizing unit, including high-speed ADC, FPGA preprocessing module and optocoupler isolator, for converting analog resonance signals to digital frequency codes and isolating transmission to the control module.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment, the resonance parameter matching and optimization module comprises:

[0014] A21: Capacitor array adjustment unit, including voltage-controlled varactor diode array, multiplexer switch and electrostatic protection circuit, for matching target frequency by changing capacitor value and reducing resonance mismatch loss;

[0015] A22: Inductance compensation unit, including micro-electro-mechanical system adjustable inductance, inductance value calibration table and drive coil, for compensating inductance deviation;

[0016] A23: Q value optimization unit, including quality factor calculation chip, damping resistance network and dynamic gain controller, for real-time calculation and adjustment of resonator Q value to balance passband flatness and stopband attenuation.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment, an adaptive variable-frequency insertion loss adjustment power filter further comprises the following modules:

[0018] Adaptive variable-frequency control module: for coordinating the resonator and filter circuit to achieve dynamic adjustment of variable-frequency insertion loss;

[0019] Multi-mode filter circuit module: for providing low-pass, band-pass and stop-band filter modes to support frequency switching;

[0020] Sampling and signal reconstruction module: for collecting filtered signals, reconstructing and feeding back to the control module to form a closed loop;

[0021] System integration and communication module: for realizing module cooperation, parameter configuration and external communication.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment, the adaptive variable-frequency control module comprises:

[0023] A31: Insertion loss mapping unit, including lookup table ROM, interpolation calculation DSP and temperature compensation circuit, for establishing a mathematical model of frequency and optimal insertion loss;

[0024] A32: Control command generation unit, including PID controller, pulse width modulation drive and watchdog circuit, used to generate resonator adjustment commands;

[0025] A33: Fault protection unit, including overvoltage clamping diode, current limiter and self-resetting fuse, is used to cut off the power supply to the resonator in the event of resonance loss of lock or overload to prevent hardware damage.

[0026] Preferably, the multimodal filter circuit module includes:

[0027] A41: Reconfigurable filtering unit, including an RF switch matrix, an adjustable LC filter bank, and a mode selection register, used to switch the filtering topology via switches;

[0028] A42: Insertion loss compensation unit, including a transconductance amplifier, attenuation compensation network, and noise cancellation circuit, used to compensate for the additional insertion loss introduced by the resonator;

[0029] A43: Impedance matching unit, including a balun, a 50Ω matching network, and an ESD protection array, used to achieve impedance matching between the filter and the load.

[0030] Preferably, the sampling and signal reconstruction module includes:

[0031] A51: High-speed sampling unit, including a 14-bit ADC, sample-and-hold circuitry, and input buffer, for acquiring output signals at a rate of 200 MSPS;

[0032] A52: Signal reconstruction unit, including DAC array, reconstruction filter and clock jitter remover, used to convert digital signals into analog feedback;

[0033] A53: Error analysis unit, including FFT analysis chip, error amplifier and calibration coefficient memory, is used to calculate the deviation between actual insertion loss and target value and dynamically correct control parameters.

[0034] Preferably, the system integration and communication module includes:

[0035] A61: Bus communication unit, including I 2 C / SPI controller, CAN bus transceiver, and electromagnetic isolator are used to support multi-device cascading;

[0036] A62: Parameter configuration unit, including EEPROM memory, configuration interface and encryption chip, used to store user-customized parameters;

[0037] A63: Status monitoring unit, including temperature sensor, voltage monitoring chip and LED indicator array, for real-time monitoring of module status.

[0038] Preferably, the resonant sensing and frequency acquisition module includes the following operating steps during operation:

[0039] S11: The control module sends an initialization command to activate the power supply circuit of the shielded shell of the induction coil unit;

[0040] S12: The ferrite core enters saturation, establishing a uniform magnetic field environment. The FPGA preprocessing module loads the fundamental frequency acquisition algorithm and configures the ADC sampling rate to 200MSPS.

[0041] S13: A high-frequency induction coil senses the alternating magnetic field around the power supply line and outputs an induced voltage proportional to the frequency;

[0042] S14: The magnetic core focuses the magnetic field lines, amplifying weak signals to the mV level and suppressing external electromagnetic interference. The input buffer performs impedance matching on the original signal to prevent signal distortion caused by reflection.

[0043] S15: The LC resonant cavity resonates in series and parallel with the induced signal, forming a peak voltage at a specific frequency point. The peak detection chip identifies the resonant spike and generates a square wave flag signal through a comparator. The quality factor Q of the resonant cavity is calculated in real time using an impedance analysis algorithm.

[0044] S16: The high-speed ADC performs equivalent-time sampling on the resonant square wave with a quantization accuracy of 14 bits. The FPGA performs a fast Fourier transform to extract the fundamental frequency and the third harmonic component.

[0045] S17: The optocoupler isolator transmits digital frequency codes unidirectionally to the control module, blocking ground loop interference;

[0046] S18: The control module calls the pre-stored resonant fingerprint library, compares the current frequency with historical data, and takes the average value through multiple samples to eliminate misjudgments caused by random noise;

[0047] S19: If the frequency deviation exceeds the threshold, initiate the secondary resonance detection process, adjust the LC parameters, and re-acquire;

[0048] S110: Automatically switches the ADC range according to the capture frequency, using full-scale 5V in the low-frequency range and enabling attenuation mode in the high-frequency range to prevent ADC overload;

[0049] S111: The gain control chip dynamically adjusts the preamplifier gain to maintain a signal-to-noise ratio ≥60dB;

[0050] S112: Pack the confirmed resonant frequency and Q value into a data frame and send it to the control module via the SPI bus. The control module updates the system clock and synchronizes all modules to the current operating frequency.

[0051] S113: The status monitoring unit illuminates the resonance lock indicator light; green indicates normal operation, and red indicates loss of lock.

[0052] Preferably, the resonance parameter matching and optimization module includes the following steps during operation:

[0053] S21: Load user-preset parameters from EEPROM, including target frequency range and insertion loss threshold;

[0054] S22: Load the initial value of the MEMS inductor into the inductance calibration table, energize the drive coil to the default position, set the voltage-controlled varactor diode array to the intermediate capacitance value, and establish the basic matching state;

[0055] S23: The control module looks up the target capacitance range in a table based on the capture frequency, switches the multiplexer to the corresponding capacitor bank, connects the voltage-controlled varactor diode array, and the electrostatic discharge protection circuit releases potential charges to prevent arcing during capacitor adjustment;

[0056] S24: The MEMS inductor expands and contracts under the action of the drive coil, changing its inductance. The inductance value calibration table provides real-time feedback on the current inductance value, compares it with the target value, and the closed-loop control algorithm adjusts the drive voltage to ensure that the inductance deviation is ≤0.5nH.

[0057] S25: The quality factor calculation chip calculates the theoretical Q value based on the current frequency, capacitance, and inductance values;

[0058] S26: A damping resistor network is connected to a variable resistor to adjust the height of the resonant peak. A dynamic gain controller compensates for the insertion loss caused by the resistor and maintains the passband flatness.

[0059] S27: Start the miniature disturbance signal generator, inject a small-amplitude test signal, the sampling module collects the resonator output, FFT analyzes the shape of the resonant peak, and if the width of the resonant peak exceeds the set value, re-enter the capacitor and inductor adjustment process;

[0060] S28: The transconductance amplifier outputs a compensation current to offset the series resistance loss introduced by the resonator. The attenuation compensation network automatically switches the compensation level according to the frequency, providing 3dB compensation in the low-frequency band and 1dB compensation in the high-frequency band.

[0061] S29: The noise cancellation circuit initiates correlated double sampling to eliminate insertion loss fluctuations caused by thermal noise;

[0062] S210: The temperature sensor monitors the module temperature and performs temperature compensation every 5 minutes. The voltage monitoring chip detects the supply voltage and activates the buck-boost converter if it is below the threshold.

[0063] S211: The status monitoring unit records the operating data to the EEPROM and generates a health report every hour.

[0064] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0065] 1. Existing power filters rely on fixed capacitor and inductor values ​​for their resonant frequency, making it impossible to track power frequency changes in real time. When the switching frequency changes due to operating mode switching, traditional resonant circuits cannot dynamically adjust the resonant point, causing the resonant peak to deviate from the target frequency, resulting in insertion loss adjustment failure. Furthermore, the resonator operates at non-resonant frequencies, generating additional heat loss. Additionally, during sudden frequency changes, traditional circuits require several seconds to readjust parameters, far from meeting the millisecond-level response requirements of modern power electronic equipment. Fixed resonant circuits exhibit frequency-selective distortion in wideband applications, leading to insufficient suppression capabilities in certain frequency bands. This solution achieves adaptive frequency tracking of the resonant circuit through a resonant parameter matching and optimization module, and the capacitor array adjustment unit employs voltage-controlled variable capacitance. The diode array's capacitance can be continuously adjusted within the range of 1pF to 100pF via a voltage signal. The inductor compensation unit utilizes a MEMS adjustable inductor, which changes the inductance by driving a coil. When the resonant sensing module detects a frequency change, the control module immediately calls the pre-stored resonant fingerprint library and generates an adjustment command through a PID controller. This drives the varactor diode and MEMS inductor to adjust synchronously, ensuring that the resonant frequency is always synchronized with the power supply frequency. This reduces the resonant frequency adjustment time from several seconds to less than 10μs, and achieves insertion loss fluctuation ≤0.2dB within a 100:1 frequency variation range. At the same time, the dynamic resonant adjustment mechanism eliminates the heat loss caused by frequency mismatch in traditional circuits, effectively improving the filter's efficiency in the high-frequency band.

[0066] 2. Existing power filters use resonators with fixed parameters. The capacitance and inductance values ​​are set at the factory and cannot be adjusted according to environmental conditions. This easily leads to temperature changes, causing component parameter drift, with resonant frequency deviations reaching up to 10%. Furthermore, power supply voltage fluctuations cause a decrease in the resonator's Q value and an increase in insertion loss. Additionally, long-term operation leads to component aging, gradually degrading resonant performance. Multi-objective optimization cannot be achieved by adjusting resonant parameters, resulting in insufficient suppression of certain interference frequency bands. This solution achieves dynamic self-adaptation of resonator parameters through a Q-value optimization unit and an environmental adaptation unit in the resonant parameter matching and optimization module. The Q-value optimization unit uses a quality factor calculation chip to monitor the current frequency, capacitance, and inductance values ​​in real time, and adjusts the resonant peak height through a damping resistor network and a dynamic gain controller. The Q value is adjustable within the range of 10 to 200. The environmental adaptation unit integrates a temperature sensor and a voltage monitoring chip. When the temperature change exceeds ±5℃ or the voltage fluctuation exceeds ±10%, the compensation mechanism is automatically triggered. Temperature compensation adjusts the varactor diode bias voltage through a lookup table, while voltage compensation stabilizes the power supply voltage through a buck-boost converter. In addition, the status monitoring unit generates a health report every hour. When the capacitance value decay exceeds 5%, the backup capacitor bank is automatically activated and an alarm is triggered. This improves the frequency stability of the resonator in extreme environments to ±0.5%, the Q value control accuracy to ±2%, and effectively extends the design life. The dynamic parameter adjustment mechanism enables the filter to achieve multi-objective optimization by switching resonant modes when facing both conducted and radiated interference. The insertion loss is evenly distributed across the entire frequency band. Attached Figure Description

[0067] Fig. 1 The diagram shown is a schematic flowchart of an adaptive frequency conversion insertion loss regulating power filter framework according to the present invention.

[0068] Fig. 2 The diagram shows the working process of an adaptive frequency conversion insertion loss regulating power filter resonant induction and frequency capture module according to the present invention.

[0069] Fig. 3 The diagram illustrates the workflow of an adaptive frequency conversion insertion loss regulating power filter resonant parameter matching and optimization module according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0070] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0071] Please see Figs. 1-3 This invention provides an embodiment: an adaptive frequency conversion insertion loss regulating power supply filter, comprising the following modules:

[0072] Resonance sensing and frequency capture module: used to monitor the power signal frequency in real time, capture the resonant point and feed it back to the control module;

[0073] Resonance parameter matching and optimization module: used to dynamically adjust resonator parameters based on the captured frequency and optimize insertion loss.

[0074] Preferably, the resonant sensing and frequency capture module includes:

[0075] A11: Induction coil unit, including a high-frequency induction coil, a ferrite core, and a shielding shell, used to capture frequency components in the power line through electromagnetic induction; the magnetic core enhances signal sensitivity.

[0076] A12: Resonance detection unit, including an LC resonant cavity, a peak detection chip, and a comparator circuit, is used to identify the resonant frequency in the induced signal and generate a resonance flag.

[0077] A13: Frequency digitization unit, including high-speed ADC, FPGA preprocessing module and optocoupler isolator, is used to convert analog resonant signal into digital frequency code and transmit it to the control module in isolation.

[0078] Preferably, the resonance parameter matching and optimization module includes:

[0079] A21: Capacitor array adjustment unit, including a voltage-controlled varactor diode array, a multiplexer switch, and an electrostatic discharge protection circuit, is used to match the target frequency by changing the capacitance value and reduce resonance mismatch loss;

[0080] A22: Inductance compensation unit, including an adjustable inductor for microelectromechanical systems, an inductance value calibration table, and a drive coil, used to compensate for inductance deviation;

[0081] A23: Q-value optimization unit, including a quality factor calculation chip, a damping resistor network, and a dynamic gain controller, is used to calculate and adjust the resonator Q-value in real time to balance passband flatness and stopband attenuation.

[0082] Preferably, an adaptive frequency conversion insertion loss regulating power supply filter further includes the following modules:

[0083] Adaptive frequency conversion control module: used to coordinate the resonator and filter circuit to achieve dynamic adjustment of frequency conversion insertion loss;

[0084] Multi-mode filter circuit module: used to provide multiple filter modes such as low-pass, band-pass, and stopband, and supports frequency switching;

[0085] Sampling and signal reconstruction module: used to acquire the filtered signal, reconstruct it, and feed it back to the control module to form a closed loop;

[0086] System integration and communication module: used to enable inter-module collaboration, parameter configuration, and external communication.

[0087] Preferably, the adaptive frequency conversion control module includes:

[0088] A31: Insertion loss mapping unit, including lookup table ROM, interpolation calculation DSP and temperature compensation circuit, used to establish a mathematical model of frequency and optimal insertion loss;

[0089] A32: Control command generation unit, including PID controller, pulse width modulation drive and watchdog circuit, used to generate resonator adjustment commands;

[0090] A33: Fault protection unit, including overvoltage clamping diode, current limiter and self-resetting fuse, is used to cut off the power supply to the resonator in the event of resonance loss of lock or overload to prevent hardware damage.

[0091] Preferably, the multimodal filter circuit module includes:

[0092] A41: Reconfigurable filtering unit, including an RF switch matrix, an adjustable LC filter bank, and a mode selection register, used to switch the filtering topology via switches;

[0093] A42: Insertion loss compensation unit, including a transconductance amplifier, attenuation compensation network, and noise cancellation circuit, used to compensate for the additional insertion loss introduced by the resonator;

[0094] A43: Impedance matching unit, including a balun, a 50Ω matching network, and an ESD protection array, used to achieve impedance matching between the filter and the load.

[0095] Preferably, the sampling and signal reconstruction module includes:

[0096] A51: High-speed sampling unit, including a 14-bit ADC, sample-and-hold circuitry, and input buffer, for acquiring output signals at a rate of 200 MSPS;

[0097] A52: Signal reconstruction unit, including DAC array, reconstruction filter and clock jitter remover, used to convert digital signals into analog feedback;

[0098] A53: Error analysis unit, including FFT analysis chip, error amplifier and calibration coefficient memory, is used to calculate the deviation between actual insertion loss and target value and dynamically correct control parameters.

[0099] Preferably, the system integration and communication module includes:

[0100] A61: Bus communication unit, including I 2 C / SPI controller, CAN bus transceiver, and electromagnetic isolator are used to support multi-device cascading;

[0101] A62: Parameter configuration unit, including EEPROM memory, configuration interface and encryption chip, used to store user-customized parameters;

[0102] A63: Status monitoring unit, including temperature sensor, voltage monitoring chip and LED indicator array, for real-time monitoring of module status.

[0103] Preferably, the resonant sensing and frequency acquisition module includes the following operating steps during operation:

[0104] S11: The control module sends an initialization command to activate the power supply circuit of the shielded shell of the induction coil unit;

[0105] S12: The ferrite core enters saturation, establishing a uniform magnetic field environment. The FPGA preprocessing module loads the fundamental frequency acquisition algorithm and configures the ADC sampling rate to 200MSPS.

[0106] S13: A high-frequency induction coil senses the alternating magnetic field around the power supply line and outputs an induced voltage proportional to the frequency;

[0107] S14: The magnetic core focuses the magnetic field lines, amplifying weak signals to the mV level and suppressing external electromagnetic interference. The input buffer performs impedance matching on the original signal to prevent signal distortion caused by reflection.

[0108] S15: The LC resonant cavity resonates in series and parallel with the induced signal, forming a peak voltage at a specific frequency point. The peak detection chip identifies the resonant spike and generates a square wave flag signal through a comparator. The quality factor Q of the resonant cavity is calculated in real time using an impedance analysis algorithm.

[0109] S16: The high-speed ADC performs equivalent-time sampling on the resonant square wave with a quantization accuracy of 14 bits. The FPGA performs a fast Fourier transform to extract the fundamental frequency and the third harmonic component.

[0110] S17: The optocoupler isolator transmits digital frequency codes unidirectionally to the control module, blocking ground loop interference;

[0111] S18: The control module calls the pre-stored resonant fingerprint library, compares the current frequency with historical data, and takes the average value through multiple samples to eliminate misjudgments caused by random noise;

[0112] S19: If the frequency deviation exceeds the threshold, initiate the secondary resonance detection process, adjust the LC parameters, and re-acquire;

[0113] S110: Automatically switches the ADC range according to the capture frequency, using full-scale 5V in the low-frequency range and enabling attenuation mode in the high-frequency range to prevent ADC overload;

[0114] S111: The gain control chip dynamically adjusts the preamplifier gain to maintain a signal-to-noise ratio ≥60dB;

[0115] S112: Pack the confirmed resonant frequency and Q value into a data frame and send it to the control module via the SPI bus. The control module updates the system clock and synchronizes all modules to the current operating frequency.

[0116] S113: The status monitoring unit illuminates the resonance lock indicator light; green indicates normal operation, and red indicates loss of lock.

[0117] Preferably, the resonance parameter matching and optimization module includes the following steps during operation:

[0118] S21: Load user-preset parameters from EEPROM, including target frequency range and insertion loss threshold;

[0119] S22: Load the initial value of the MEMS inductor into the inductance calibration table, energize the drive coil to the default position, set the voltage-controlled varactor diode array to the intermediate capacitance value, and establish the basic matching state;

[0120] S23: The control module looks up the target capacitance range in a table based on the capture frequency, switches the multiplexer to the corresponding capacitor bank, connects the voltage-controlled varactor diode array, and the electrostatic discharge protection circuit releases potential charges to prevent arcing during capacitor adjustment;

[0121] S24: The MEMS inductor expands and contracts under the action of the drive coil, changing its inductance. The inductance value calibration table provides real-time feedback on the current inductance value, compares it with the target value, and the closed-loop control algorithm adjusts the drive voltage to ensure that the inductance deviation is ≤0.5nH.

[0122] S25: The quality factor calculation chip calculates the theoretical Q value based on the current frequency, capacitance, and inductance values;

[0123] S26: A damping resistor network is connected to a variable resistor to adjust the height of the resonant peak. A dynamic gain controller compensates for the insertion loss caused by the resistor and maintains the passband flatness.

[0124] S27: Start the miniature disturbance signal generator, inject a small-amplitude test signal, the sampling module collects the resonator output, FFT analyzes the shape of the resonant peak, and if the width of the resonant peak exceeds the set value, re-enter the capacitor and inductor adjustment process;

[0125] S28: The transconductance amplifier outputs a compensation current to offset the series resistance loss introduced by the resonator. The attenuation compensation network automatically switches the compensation level according to the frequency, providing 3dB compensation in the low-frequency band and 1dB compensation in the high-frequency band.

[0126] S29: The noise cancellation circuit initiates correlated double sampling to eliminate insertion loss fluctuations caused by thermal noise;

[0127] S210: The temperature sensor monitors the module temperature and performs temperature compensation every 5 minutes. The voltage monitoring chip detects the supply voltage and activates the buck-boost converter if it is below the threshold.

[0128] S211: The status monitoring unit records the operating data to the EEPROM and generates a health report every hour.

[0129] Example 1

[0130] Implementation Background: In the field of new energy vehicles, vehicle inverters need to deal with wideband electromagnetic interference. Traditional filters adopt fixed LC parameter design. When the inverter switching frequency changes dynamically, the following defects exist: (1) Impedance mismatch: The fixed topology cannot adapt to load changes. The insertion loss of the 50Ω system is reduced to less than 25dB in the high frequency band; (2) Adjustment lag: Manual intervention is required when switching frequencies. The response time exceeds 50ms, resulting in the failure of harmonic suppression above 100kHz; (3) Poor environmental adaptability: When the temperature fluctuates by ±10℃, the inductance value deviates by 3%, and the Q value drops to 60% of the design value.

[0131] Implementation steps:

[0132] S31: The adaptive frequency converter filter module is embedded in the inverter power input terminal, and an I / O communication is established with the vehicle controller through the bus communication unit. 2 C protocol connection;

[0133] S32: Configuration parameters are stored in the EEPROM of the parameter configuration unit, with a preset frequency range of 10kHz~200kHz and a target insertion loss ≥40dB@1MHz;

[0134] S33: Start the resonant induction module. The high-frequency induction coil captures the inverter bus current frequency, which is then preprocessed by the FPGA to generate a digital frequency code.

[0135] S34: The control module calls the insertion loss mapping unit to generate the optimal capacitor / inductor combination instruction corresponding to the current frequency through the lookup table ROM;

[0136] S35: The capacitor array adjustment unit switches the voltage-controlled varactor diode to the target capacitor bank, and the inductor compensation unit drives the MEMS inductor to adjust to the target value;

[0137] S36: The sampling module acquires the output signal at a rate of 200MSPS, performs FFT analysis on harmonic components, and the error analysis unit dynamically corrects the control parameters;

[0138] S37: The status monitoring unit displays temperature, voltage, and fault codes in real time. In case of an abnormality, the fault protection unit is triggered to cut off the power supply.

[0139] Data comparison table:

[0140]

[0141] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adaptive frequency conversion insertion loss regulating power supply filter; characterized in that: It consists of the following modules: Resonance sensing and frequency capture module: used to monitor the power signal frequency in real time, capture the resonant point and feed it back to the control module; The resonant sensing and frequency capture module includes: A11: Induction coil unit, including a high-frequency induction coil, a ferrite core, and a shielding shell, used to capture frequency components in the power line through electromagnetic induction; the magnetic core enhances signal sensitivity. A12: Resonance detection unit, including an LC resonant cavity, a peak detection chip, and a comparator circuit, is used to identify the resonant frequency in the induced signal and generate a resonance flag. A13: Frequency digitization unit, including high-speed ADC, FPGA preprocessing module and optocoupler isolator, used to convert analog resonant signal into digital frequency code and transmit it to the control module in isolation; The resonant sensing and frequency capture module operates through the following steps: S11: The control module sends an initialization command to activate the power supply circuit of the shielded shell of the induction coil unit; S12: The ferrite core enters saturation, establishing a uniform magnetic field environment. The FPGA preprocessing module loads the fundamental frequency acquisition algorithm and configures the ADC sampling rate to 200MSPS. S13: A high-frequency induction coil senses the alternating magnetic field around the power supply line and outputs an induced voltage proportional to the frequency; S14: The magnetic core focuses the magnetic field lines, amplifying weak signals to the mV level and suppressing external electromagnetic interference. The input buffer performs impedance matching on the original signal to prevent signal distortion caused by reflection. S15: The LC resonant cavity resonates in series and parallel with the induced signal, forming a peak voltage at a specific frequency point. The peak detection chip identifies the resonant spike, and a square wave flag signal is generated by the comparator. The quality factor Q of the resonant cavity is calculated in real time using an impedance analysis algorithm. S16: The high-speed ADC performs equivalent-time sampling on the resonant square wave with a quantization accuracy of 14 bits. The FPGA performs a fast Fourier transform to extract the fundamental frequency and the third harmonic component. S17: The optocoupler isolator transmits digital frequency codes unidirectionally to the control module, blocking ground loop interference; S18: The control module calls the pre-stored resonant fingerprint library, compares the current frequency with historical data, and takes the average value through multiple samples to eliminate misjudgments caused by random noise; S19: If the frequency deviation exceeds the threshold, initiate the secondary resonance detection process, adjust the LC parameters, and re-acquire; S110: Automatically switches the ADC range according to the capture frequency, using full-scale 5V in the low-frequency range and enabling attenuation mode in the high-frequency range to prevent ADC overload; S111: The gain control chip dynamically adjusts the preamplifier gain to maintain a signal-to-noise ratio ≥60dB; S112: Pack the confirmed resonant frequency and Q value into a data frame and send it to the control module via the SPI bus. The control module updates the system clock and synchronizes all modules to the current operating frequency. S113: The status monitoring unit illuminates the resonance lock indicator light; green indicates normal operation, and red indicates unlocking. Resonance parameter matching and optimization module: used to dynamically adjust resonator parameters based on the captured frequency and optimize insertion loss.

2. The adaptive frequency conversion insertion loss regulating power supply filter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The resonance parameter matching and optimization module includes: A21: Capacitor array adjustment unit, including a voltage-controlled varactor diode array, a multiplexer switch, and an electrostatic discharge protection circuit, is used to match the target frequency by changing the capacitance value and reduce resonance mismatch loss; A22: Inductance compensation unit, including an adjustable inductor for microelectromechanical systems, an inductance value calibration table, and a drive coil, used to compensate for inductance deviation; A23: Q-value optimization unit, including a quality factor calculation chip, a damping resistor network, and a dynamic gain controller, is used to calculate and adjust the resonator Q-value in real time to balance passband flatness and stopband attenuation.

3. The adaptive frequency conversion insertion loss regulating power supply filter according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes the following modules: Adaptive frequency conversion control module: used to coordinate the resonator and filter circuit to achieve dynamic adjustment of frequency conversion insertion loss; Multi-mode filter circuit module: used to provide multiple filter modes such as low-pass, band-pass, and stopband, and supports frequency switching; Sampling and signal reconstruction module: used to acquire the filtered signal, reconstruct it, and feed it back to the control module to form a closed loop; System integration and communication module: used to enable inter-module collaboration, parameter configuration, and external communication.

4. The adaptive frequency conversion insertion loss regulating power supply filter according to claim 3, characterized in that: The adaptive frequency conversion control module includes: A31: Insertion loss mapping unit, including lookup table ROM, interpolation calculation DSP and temperature compensation circuit, used to establish a mathematical model of frequency and optimal insertion loss; A32: Control command generation unit, including PID controller, pulse width modulation drive and watchdog circuit, used to generate resonator adjustment commands; A33: Fault protection unit, including overvoltage clamping diode, current limiter and self-resetting fuse, is used to cut off the power supply to the resonator in the event of resonance loss of lock or overload to prevent hardware damage.

5. The adaptive frequency conversion insertion loss regulating power supply filter according to claim 4, characterized in that: The multimodal filter circuit module includes: A41: Reconfigurable filtering unit, including an RF switch matrix, an adjustable LC filter bank, and a mode selection register, used to switch the filtering topology via switches; A42: Insertion loss compensation unit, including a transconductance amplifier, attenuation compensation network, and noise cancellation circuit, used to compensate for the additional insertion loss introduced by the resonator; A43: Impedance matching unit, including a balun, a 50Ω matching network, and an ESD protection array, used to achieve impedance matching between the filter and the load.

6. The adaptive frequency conversion insertion loss regulating power supply filter according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sampling and signal reconstruction module includes: A51: High-speed sampling unit, including a 14-bit ADC, sample-and-hold circuitry, and input buffer, for acquiring output signals at a rate of 200 MSPS; A52: Signal reconstruction unit, including DAC array, reconstruction filter and clock jitter remover, used to convert digital signals into analog feedback; A53: Error analysis unit, including FFT analysis chip, error amplifier and calibration coefficient memory, is used to calculate the deviation between actual insertion loss and target value and dynamically correct control parameters.

7. The adaptive frequency conversion insertion loss regulating power supply filter according to claim 5, characterized in that: The system integration and communication module includes: A61: Bus communication unit, including I 2 C / SPI controller, CAN bus transceiver, and electromagnetic isolator are used to support multi-device cascading; A62: Parameter configuration unit, including EEPROM memory, configuration interface and encryption chip, used to store user-customized parameters; A63: Status monitoring unit, including temperature sensor, voltage monitoring chip and LED indicator array, for real-time monitoring of module status.

8. The adaptive frequency conversion insertion loss regulating power supply filter according to claim 7, characterized in that: The resonance parameter matching and optimization module operates through the following steps: S21: Load user-preset parameters from EEPROM, including target frequency range and insertion loss threshold; S22: Load the initial value of the MEMS inductor into the inductance calibration table, energize the drive coil to the default position, set the voltage-controlled varactor diode array to the intermediate capacitance value, and establish the basic matching state; S23: The control module looks up the target capacitance range in a table based on the capture frequency, switches the multiplexer to the corresponding capacitor bank, connects the voltage-controlled varactor diode array, and the electrostatic discharge protection circuit releases potential charges to prevent arcing during capacitor adjustment; S24: The MEMS inductor expands and contracts under the action of the drive coil, changing its inductance. The inductance value calibration table provides real-time feedback on the current inductance value, compares it with the target value, and the closed-loop control algorithm adjusts the drive voltage to ensure that the inductance deviation is ≤0.5nH. S25: The quality factor calculation chip calculates the theoretical Q value based on the current frequency, capacitance, and inductance values; S26: A damping resistor network is connected to a variable resistor to adjust the height of the resonant peak. A dynamic gain controller compensates for the insertion loss caused by the resistor and maintains the passband flatness. S27: Start the miniature disturbance signal generator, inject a small-amplitude test signal, the sampling module collects the resonator output, FFT analyzes the shape of the resonant peak, and if the width of the resonant peak exceeds the set value, re-enter the capacitor and inductor adjustment process; S28: The transconductance amplifier outputs a compensation current to offset the series resistance loss introduced by the resonator. The attenuation compensation network automatically switches the compensation level according to the frequency, providing 3dB compensation in the low-frequency band and 1dB compensation in the high-frequency band. S29: The noise cancellation circuit initiates correlated double sampling to eliminate insertion loss fluctuations caused by thermal noise; S210: The temperature sensor monitors the module temperature and performs temperature compensation every 5 minutes. The voltage monitoring chip detects the supply voltage and activates the buck-boost converter if it is below the threshold. S211: The status monitoring unit records the operating data to the EEPROM and generates a health report every hour.

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