Water ecological restoration device for improving riverway water quality

Abstract

The invention relates to a water ecological restoration device for improving river water quality, which is characterized in that a water inlet grating is obliquely arranged at the water inlet end of a sedimentation tank, a plurality of sedimentation pipes are obliquely arranged in the sedimentation tank, all the sedimentation pipes are staggered in the sedimentation tank, and a drawable sludge collection box is arranged at the bottom in the sedimentation tank; the filter assembly is positioned at the water outlet end of the sedimentation tank and is formed by sequentially overlapping a quartz sand filter layer, an activated carbon filter layer and a ceramsite filter layer from top to bottom; the biological purification module comprises a biological reaction tank, an aeration assembly and a microbial carrier plate; a pin roller is rotationally mounted in the biological reaction tank, and a plurality of microorganism carrier plates attached with microorganisms are mounted around the pin roller in an annular array manner; the aeration assembly comprises an aeration pump, an aeration main pipe and a plurality of aeration branch pipes, a plurality of gas conveying pipes are fixed on the inner side of the aeration main pipe along the radial direction, and the gas conveying pipes penetrate through the aeration branch pipes to be communicated with the aeration branch pipes. The river channel water body can be efficiently purified and repaired, and the method is easy to implement and good in economical efficiency.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of water body purification and restoration, and particularly relates to a water ecological restoration device for improving river water quality. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization and the rapid development of industry and agriculture, a large amount of pollutants are discharged into rivers, leading to frequent eutrophication and black odor of water bodies, and the water ecological system is severely damaged. At present, river water quality restoration technologies mainly include physical restoration, chemical restoration and biological ecological restoration.

[0003] Physical restoration technologies such as pollution interception and dredging can improve water quality in the short term, but cannot fundamentally solve the pollution problem and have high operation cost; chemical restoration technologies can remove pollutants by adding reagents, which can cause secondary pollution and harm to aquatic organisms, and are not suitable for river water purification, but only suitable for purification and treatment of production and living wastewater in sewage treatment plants. Biological ecological restoration technology uses the synergistic effect of microorganisms, aquatic plants and benthic organisms to purify water bodies, and has the advantages of environmental friendliness and strong sustainability. For physical restoration, the river environment is different from other wastewater treatment occasions, and it has more natural garbage such as branches, leaves and silt, stones, etc. The traditional physical purification mainly focuses on the physical filtration separation of a single high-precision filtration layer, which has high separation efficiency and precision, but the corresponding facility cost and later operation and maintenance cost are also high, which is not suitable for water body purification and restoration in nature such as rivers. The current microbial decomposition treatment has poor aeration effect due to the fixed position of microorganisms relative to the aeration pipe, and the microorganisms cannot fully exert their decomposition and purification capacity, so the purification efficiency is low. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a low-cost and efficient river water ecological restoration device to better restore river water bodies. SUMMARY

[0004] Therefore, the purpose of the present application is to provide a water ecological restoration device for improving river water quality, to solve the problem that there is no economic, suitable and efficient professional facility for river water purification and restoration in the prior art.

[0005] The present application is achieved by the following technical solutions: The utility model provides a kind of water ecological restoration device for improving river water quality, including pretreatment module and biological purification module;The pretreatment module includes water inlet grille, sedimentation tank and filter assembly;The water inlet grille is obliquely arranged in the water inlet end of the sedimentation tank, for intercepting floating material and large particle dregs in water body;Several obliquely arranged sedimentation pipes are provided in the sedimentation tank, and the cross section of the sedimentation pipe is a regular polygon structure, so that part of suspended dregs in the water entering the sedimentation tank can be deposited on the sedimentation pipe, all the sedimentation pipes are arranged staggered in the sedimentation tank, and a sludge collection box that can be pulled out is provided at the bottom of the sedimentation tank;The filter assembly is located at the water outlet end of the sedimentation tank and is composed of quartz sand filter layer, activated carbon filter layer and ceramsite filter layer from top to bottom. The biological purification module includes biological reaction tank, aeration assembly and microbial carrier plate;The biological reaction tank is communicated with the water outlet end of the pretreatment module, and a roller is rotatably installed inside, and a plurality of microbial carrier plates with microorganisms are arranged in an annular array around the roller;The aeration assembly includes an aeration pump, an annular aeration main pipe and a plurality of annular aeration branch pipes arranged concentrically from outside to inside, the aeration main pipe is located below the microbial carrier, and a plurality of gas delivery pipes are fixed on the inner side of the aeration main pipe in the radial direction, the gas delivery pipes pass through the aeration branch pipes and are communicated with them, and aeration holes are formed on the upper side surface of the aeration branch pipes.

[0006] Further, the top of the sedimentation tank has a water passage on each of the front and rear sides, the water inlet grille is obliquely arranged at the slot of the front water passage, and the outlet end of the rear water passage is bent downward by 90 degrees, and a filter tank is arranged below the outlet end, and the filter assembly is arranged in the filter tank. Further, the sludge collection box is located below all the sedimentation pipes, and the bottom end of the sludge collection box has a slide block that is linearly slidingly connected with the bottom of the sedimentation tank, a drainage pipe is arranged on one side of the wall of the sedimentation tank above the sludge collection box, at least one end of each sedimentation pipe is provided with a mud scraping groove, and the mud scraping groove is arranged close to the inner wall of the sedimentation tank, so that after the water in the sedimentation tank is drained by the drainage pipe, the surface mud of the sedimentation pipe can be scraped off by the mud scraping groove and collected in the detachably installed mud scraping groove.

[0007] Further, each microbial carrier plate includes three sub-carrier plates with microorganisms on the inner side, so that the cross section of the microbial carrier plate is a hollow fan-shaped structure.

[0008] Further, one end of the roller extends out of the side wall of the sedimentation tank and is coaxially fixed with a rotor, the rotor is rotatably installed in a metering bin on the side wall of the sedimentation tank, the upper side of the metering bin is an inlet end connected with the air inlet pipe, and the lower side is an outlet end connected with the air outlet pipe, the gas is input into the aeration main pipe, and when the air inlet pipe enters the gas and the rotor rotates, on one hand, the roller and the microbial carrier plate rotate integrally, and on the other hand, the gas flow is metered.

[0009] Further, the air inlet pipe is supported by a plurality of support columns and is installed above the bottom of the sedimentation tank.

[0010] Further, the active carbon filter layer and the ceramic filter layer are both inlaid in the rectangular frame, the frame is in sliding contact with the rectangular sedimentation tank, the layers of the filter assembly are all connected in series on a screw rod, and the quartz sand filter layer at the top is fixed in the sedimentation tank and can be rotatably connected with the light rod section of the screw rod; the center sleeve is integrally connected with the center of the two frames, the outer side wall of the center sleeve is provided with an annular groove for embedding the filter layer, the center hole of the center sleeve is provided with a two-stage step structure including a second stage step at both ends, two inner sleeves are screwed on the screw rod, the inner sleeves are coaxially installed in the center hole, the limiting ring at both ends of the inner sleeve is connected with a T-shaped bolt installed in a T-shaped ring groove in sliding mode, a compression-resistant spring is sleeved on the T-shaped bolt between the limiting ring and the second stage step, and the compression-resistant spring enables the microbial carrier plate to move vertically when the screw rod rotates, and when the microbial carrier plate moves to the limit position and stops, the inner sleeve rotates with the T-shaped bolt relative to the center sleeve.

[0011] Further, one end of the compression-resistant spring is fixed on the second stage step, and the other end is fixed with an annular pad, and the annular pad is in contact with the end face of the limiting ring.

[0012] Further, the first limiting rod is shorter than the second limiting rod, the first limiting rod is used for contacting the bottom end of the frame where the ceramic filter layer is located, and the ceramic filter layer or the frame where the ceramic filter layer is located is provided with an elastic damping hinged sealing plate, the sealing plate is flush with the top surface of the ceramic filter layer in a normal state, so that the sealing plate is opened by the second limiting rod when the ceramic filter layer moves downward, and then the top end of the second limiting rod is in contact with the bottom end of the frame where the active carbon filter layer is located, so that the ceramic filter layer moves downward to the limit position.

[0013] Further, three high-pressure pipes are arranged on one side of the filter tank, and high-pressure water is injected between adjacent two layers of the filter assembly when the layers are separated to the limit position.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows: The water ecological restoration device for improving river water quality has simple structure and is easy to implement, adopts two methods of physical, chemical and biological purification principles which are more suitable for river purification, is based on physical purification and biological purification, and is mainly designed by means of sedimentation, filtration and microbial decomposition, so that the hierarchical removal of pollutants is realized, the river water quality is purified, the sludge after purification is convenient to clean, the filtration and biological purification environment can be adjusted according to the water quality, and the purification effect is improved.

[0015] The sedimentation tank is provided with special-shaped sedimentation pipes arranged in a staggered mode to intercept and filter garbage such as dry branches and leaves and dregs, and can allow sludge and suspended particles in suspended water to be partially attached and stayed on the sedimentation pipes, so that the double interception and filtration of the water inlet grille and the sedimentation pipe are realized, the sedimentation pipe and the sedimentation tank are used for the centralized sedimentation of sludge, the double deposition and collection of sludge are realized, and the filtration and purification effect is greatly improved.

[0016] The biological purification means adopted by the present application adopts a rotatable microbial carrier plate to cooperate with an aeration assembly for efficient purification and decomposition, the two can be linked, and compared with the traditional microbial fixed position, the present application has higher purification efficiency and can be started automatically to operate along with the start of the aeration assembly, so that the oxygen contact of the microbial plates is always relatively sufficient and consistent.

[0017] Other advantages, objects and features of the present application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon examination of the following specification or can be learned by practice of the present application. The objects and other advantages of the present application can be realized and attained by the methods and instrumentalities set forth in the description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a sectional view of the sedimentation tank of the present application; Figure 2 is a sectional view of the filter tank of the present application; Figure 3 is a sectional view of the biological reaction tank of the present application; Figure 4 is a top view of the aeration pipeline of the present application; Figure 5 is an installation schematic view of the sludge scraping groove of the present application; Figure 6 is a schematic view of a microbial carrier plate; Figure 7 is an arrangement view of a microbial carrier plate on a roller; Figure 8 is an arrangement view of another microbial carrier plate on a roller; Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the filter layer of quartz sand provided with a sealing plate; Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the second limiting rod just in contact with the sealing plate closed on the filter layer of quartz sand; Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the second limiting rod toppling the sealing plate; Figure 12 An implementation structure diagram of the elastic damping hinged sealing plate; Figure 13 A connection schematic diagram between the screw rod and the filter layer of quartz sand; Figure 14 A top view of the central sleeve.

[0019] In the figure: sedimentation tank 1, water inlet grille 2, sludge collection box 3, ram 4, front water passing groove 5, rear water passing groove 6, sedimentation pipe 7, filter tank 8, filter layer of quartz sand 9, filter layer of activated carbon 10, filter layer of ceramic 11, screw rod 12, second limiting rod 13, first limiting rod 14, high-pressure pipeline 15, frame 16, microbial carrier plate 17, roller 18, main aeration pipe 19, branch aeration pipe 20, gas conveying pipe 21, support column 22, rotor 23, gas inlet pipeline 24, gas outlet pipeline 25, sub-carrier plate 26, mud scraping groove 27, central sleeve 28, second-stage step 2801, T-shaped ring groove 280101, central hole 2802, inner tooth sleeve 29, limiting ring part 2901, T-shaped bolt 30, pressure-resistant spring 31, annular pad 32, sealing plate 33, reed 34, operation wheel 35, biological reaction tank 36, locking stud 37, drainage pipeline 38. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0021] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present application, but only represents selected embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0022] It should be noted that: similar numbers and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.

[0023] In the foregoing description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "one side", "the other side" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the present application is usually placed, and are merely for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be construed as indicating or implying that the indicated device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be construed as limiting the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second" and the like are merely used to distinguish the description and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0024] In addition, the term "same" and the like do not mean that the components must be absolutely the same, but there can be slight differences. The term "vertical" merely means that the positional relationship between the components is more vertical than "parallel", and does not mean that the structure must be completely vertical, but can be slightly inclined.

[0025] The present application provides a technical solution: a water ecological restoration device for improving river water quality, comprising a pretreatment module and a biological purification module, as shown in Figures 1-2 The pretreatment module in this embodiment comprises a water inlet grille 2, a sedimentation tank 1 and a filter assembly. The water inlet grille 2 is inclinedly arranged at the water inlet end of the sedimentation tank 1 and is used to intercept floating objects and large-particle residues in the water body. The water inlet grille 2 can be made of stainless steel, the inclination angle is 30°-45°, and the gap is 5-10 mm. The water inlet grille 2 can effectively intercept floating objects such as branches and plastic bags in the water body, and the inclined design facilitates the residues to slide down by themselves, reducing the frequency of manual cleaning. A plurality of inclinedly arranged sedimentation pipes 7 are arranged in the sedimentation tank 1. The cross section of the sedimentation pipes 7 is a regular polygon structure, so that part of the suspended residues in the water entering the sedimentation tank 1 can be deposited on the sedimentation pipes 7, avoiding a large amount of suspended residues in the water. In order to improve the sedimentation efficiency, all the sedimentation pipes 7 are arranged staggered in the sedimentation tank 1. In addition, a sludge collection box 3 that can be pulled out is arranged at the bottom of the sedimentation tank 1. When the sludge accumulates to a certain amount, it can be pulled out and cleaned manually or by an automatic control device. As for the filter assembly mentioned above, it is installed at the water outlet end of the sedimentation tank 1 and is composed of a quartz sand filter layer 9, an activated carbon filter layer 10 and a ceramsite filter layer 11 stacked from top to bottom. Specifically, the filter assembly used can be composed of a quartz sand filter layer 9 with a thickness of 100-150 mm and a particle size of 0.8-1.2 mm, an activated carbon filter layer 10 with a thickness of 80-100 mm and a particle size of 1-2 mm, and a ceramsite filter layer 11 with a thickness of 120-150 mm and a particle size of 2-3 mm, stacked from top to bottom. The filter assembly can further remove suspended solids, colloidal substances and part of organic pollutants in the water body, reducing the treatment load of the subsequent biological purification module. At the same time, as shown in Figure 3As shown, the biological purification module includes a biological reaction tank 36, an aeration assembly and a microbial carrier 17. The biological reaction tank 36 is in communication with the outlet of the pretreatment module, and a roller 18 is rotatably installed inside the biological reaction tank 36. The roller 18 is horizontally installed, and a plurality of microbial carriers 17 with microorganisms are annularly arranged around the roller 18. In practice, the microbial carrier 17 can be a porous polyurethane filler with a porosity of more than 90% and a large specific surface area, so as to facilitate the growth of microorganisms. The surface of the porous polyurethane filler is loaded with nitrifying bacteria, denitrifying bacteria and phosphorus accumulating bacteria and the like to form a stable microbial community, thereby further enhancing the pollutant removal effect. The aeration assembly includes an aeration pump (not shown in the figure), which is an energy-saving submersible aerator, and a plurality of aeration pipes arranged in the biological reaction tank 36. Figure 4 As shown, the aeration assembly includes a plurality of aeration pipes arranged in the biological reaction tank 36. The aeration pipes are annular and concentrically arranged from outside to inside. The aeration main pipe is located below the microbial carrier, and a plurality of gas delivery pipes 21 are fixed to the inner side of the aeration main pipe in the radial direction. The gas delivery pipes 21 pass through the aeration branch pipes and are in communication with the aeration branch pipes. Aeration holes are formed in the upper surface of the aeration branch pipes. The aeration main pipe and the branch pipes are made of UPVC. The branch pipes are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the biological reaction tank 36 and are provided with micron-level aeration holes with a diameter of 0.5-1 mm on the surface. The branch pipes can produce fine and uniform bubbles to improve the oxygen utilization rate. The aeration intensity can be automatically adjusted by some intelligent control modules to ensure that the dissolved oxygen concentration in the biological reaction tank 36 is maintained at 2-4 mg / L to meet the metabolic needs of microorganisms. In addition, in actual application, the tank body of the biological reaction tank 36 can be made of glass fiber reinforced plastic, and the tank body can be additionally filled with composite microbial agents or the composite microbial agents can be attached to the microbial carriers 17. The composite microbial agents are made of bacillus subtilis, pseudomonas, actinomycetes and yeast in a mass ratio of 3:2:1:1. The composite microbial agents have the characteristics of strong impact load resistance and high degradation efficiency, can effectively decompose organic pollutants in water, and can realize denitrification and phosphorus removal.

[0026] Please continue to refer to Figure 1 The front and rear sides of the top end of the sedimentation tank 1 are each provided with a water guide channel. The front water guide channel 5 can be in communication with the corresponding river section in the downstream direction of the river channel, and the river flow can be introduced into the inlet end of the water guide channel. According to the river channel conditions, the installation depth of the front water guide channel 5 can be adaptively adjusted. In the specific construction, the water inlet grille 2 is obliquely arranged at the slot of the front water guide channel 5. The outlet end of the rear water guide channel 6 is bent by 90 degrees downward, and a filter tank 8 is arranged below the outlet end. The filter tank 8 is provided with a filter assembly to realize filtration and purification treatment after sedimentation.

[0027] In the embodiment, the biological purification module is arranged in the river channel, and the biological purification module is connected to the river channel through the front and rear water guide channels 5 and 6. Figure 1As shown, a sludge collection box 3 is placed below all the sedimentation pipes 7, and the bottom end of the sludge collection box 3 has a sliding bolster 4, which slides linearly with the bottom of the sedimentation tank 1 to guide the sludge collection box 3 to be pulled out. In addition, a drainage pipe 38 is provided on the side of the sedimentation tank 1 wall above the sludge collection box 3 to drain water from the sedimentation tank 1 if necessary. At least one end of each sedimentation pipe 7 is provided with a scraping groove 27, such as... Figure 5 As shown, the sludge scraper 27 is set close to the inner wall of the sedimentation tank 1 so that after the water in the sedimentation tank 1 is discharged by the drainage pipe 38, all the sedimentation pipes 7 are exposed, making it easy to pull out the sedimentation pipes 7. During the process of pulling out the sedimentation pipes 7, the sludge on their surface can be scraped off by the sludge scraper 27 and thus collected in the detachable sludge scraper 27, realizing the centralized cleaning of the sludge sediment on the sedimentation pipes 7.

[0028] In this embodiment, the microbial carrier plate 17 can be adopted as follows: Figures 6-7 The rectangular plate-like structure shown can also be as follows: Figure 8 As shown, each microbial carrier plate 17 is made into a special structure including three sub-carrier plates 26 with microorganisms on the inner side. The three sub-carrier plates 26 make the cross-section of each microbial carrier plate 17 a hollow fan-shaped structure, thereby increasing the amount of microorganisms attached and improving the flow of oxygen in the microbial carrier plate 17, thus enhancing the decomposition effect of microorganisms.

[0029] In this embodiment, as Figure 3As shown, one end of the roller 18 extends out of the side wall of the sedimentation tank 1, and a coaxial rotor 23 for metering is fixedly arranged. The rotor 23 is rotatably arranged in a metering bin on the side wall of the sedimentation tank 1, that is, the basic structural principle is designed according to the existing volumetric flowmeter. When the rotor 23 rotates one circle, a certain volume of gas is output. In the embodiment, the upper side of the metering bin is the inlet end connected with the gas inlet pipe 24, and the lower side is the outlet end connected with the gas outlet pipe 25. The gas is input into the aeration main pipe, and the gas entering the gas inlet pipe 24 rotates with the rotor 23, which on one hand makes the roller 18 and the microbial carrier plate 17 rotate integrally, and on the other hand plays a role in metering the gas flow. One of the key points of the design is to realize the driving of the microbial carrier plate 17 by aeration, so that the microorganisms can obtain aeration effect more uniformly, and play their role in decomposition and purification. Moreover, the microbial carrier plate 17 is automatically linked during aeration, and does not need to rotate all the time. In addition, the high-pressure gas flow can be better released into the microbial reaction tank 36 after being weakened by the rotor 23, so as to avoid generating too much impact and shock. In actual production, the blades of the rotor 23 can be made longer to reduce the force required to drive the roller 18 to rotate. Moreover, there is a significant effect that the greater the pressure of the entering gas flow, the faster the rotation speed of the microbial carrier plate 17, because when the gas flow pressure is large, the microbial carrier plate 17 can obtain better aeration effect by approaching the aeration pipe in a short time. For example, it can obtain relatively sufficient oxygen in the air by approaching the upper side of the aeration pipe in a short time. If the gas flow pressure is small, the rotation speed of the roller 18 is smaller, and the rotation speed of the corresponding microbial carrier plate 17 is slower, and the time of staying on the corresponding aeration pipe is longer, so as to contact the oxygen as much as possible. In actual production, a plurality of support columns 22 can be arranged on the lower side of the gas conveying pipe 21 to be stably supported and arranged above the bottom of the sedimentation tank 1.

[0030] As Figure 9As shown, in this embodiment, the activated carbon filter layer 10 and the ceramsite filter layer 11 are both embedded within a rectangular frame 16. This frame 16 is in sliding contact with the rectangular sedimentation tank 1. Each layer of the filter assembly is connected in series on a screw 12, and the top quartz sand filter layer 9 is fixed inside the sedimentation tank 1, allowing the bare section of the screw 12 to be rotated and fitted. This allows the two lower layers to move vertically based on the screw drive principle when the screw 12 rotates, thereby adjusting the spacing between the three filter layers. An operating wheel 35 is fixed to the bottom of the screw 12, and a locking stud 37 threaded into the bottom of the filter tank 8 is provided above the operating wheel 35. By unscrewing the locking stud 37 and pressing it against the operating wheel 35, the screw 12 can be fixed in place, preventing accidental rotation. To achieve the aforementioned technical effects, each of the two frame frames 16 in this embodiment has a central sleeve 28 integrally fixed to it. At the center of the outer wall of the central sleeve 28, there is an annular groove for embedding the filter layer to fix it. Both ends of the central hole 2802 of the central sleeve 28 each have a secondary step structure including a second-level step 2801. Based on the above structure, it also includes two internal threaded sleeves 29 threaded onto the screw 12. The internal threaded sleeves 29 are coaxially installed in the central hole 2802. The limiting rings 2901 at both ends of the internal threaded sleeves 29 are connected to T-bolts 30 slidably installed in the T-shaped annular grooves 280101 on the second-level step 2801. That is, the limiting rings 2901 have a plurality of screw holes arranged in annular arrays for the T-bolts 30 to pass through. The second-level step 2801 is provided with... Figure 14 The T-shaped groove 280101 shown allows the nut of the T-bolt 30 to slide along the T-shaped groove 280101 when relative rotation occurs between the inner sleeve and the center sleeve, i.e., to rotate around the axis of the center sleeve 28. A compressed pressure-resistant spring 31 is fitted on each T-bolt 30 between the limiting ring 2901 and the second-stage step 2801. The pressure-resistant spring 31 allows the microbial carrier plate 17 it is attached to to move vertically, bringing them closer together or separating, when the screw 12 rotates. When it moves downwards to its limit position and stops, the filter layer cannot continue, thus the screw drive cannot function properly, causing the inner sleeve 29 and the T-bolt 30 to rotate together relative to the center sleeve 28. To facilitate relative rotation, one end of the pressure-resistant spring 31 is fixed to the second-stage step 2801, and the other end is fixed to an annular pad 32, which is in contact with the end face of the limiting ring 2901.

[0031] In this embodiment, as Figure 2As shown, the first limiting rod 14 and the second limiting rod 13 are vertically arranged in the sedimentation tank 1, the first limiting rod 14 is shorter than the second limiting rod 13, the first limiting rod 14 is used to contact the bottom end of the frame 16 where the ceramsite filter layer 11 is located, that is, to determine the limit position of the ceramsite filter layer 11 moving downward, the ceramsite filter layer 11 or the frame 16 where it is located has an elastic damping hinged sealing plate 33, the sealing plate 33 can be elastically hinged by the reed 34 as shown Figure 12 As shown, the reed 34 is used for elastic hinging, or a torsion spring is used for installation according to the prior art. In the embodiment, as shown Figure 9 The sealing plate 33 is arranged on the ceramsite filter layer 11, and the sealing plate 33 is flush with the top surface of the ceramsite filter layer 11 in the normal state, so that when the ceramsite filter layer 11 moves downward, the sealing plate 33 can be pushed open by the second limiting rod 13, thereby not interfering with the downward movement of the ceramsite filter layer 11, but limiting the limit position of the activated carbon filter layer 10 moving downward, that is, the top end of the second limiting rod 13 contacts the bottom end of the frame 16 where the activated carbon filter layer 10 is located, so that the ceramsite filter layer 11 can move downward to the set limit position, at this time as shown Figure 2 As shown.

[0032] Based on the above structure, as shown Figures 1-2 Three high-pressure pipes 15 can also be arranged on one side of the filter tank 8 to inject high-pressure water between adjacent layers of the filter assembly to Figure 2 As shown, the limit position, respectively, to realize backwashing and improve filtration.

[0033] Finally, it should be pointed out that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application and are not limiting, although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present application can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solutions of the present application, which should be covered in the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. An aquatic ecological restoration device for improving river water quality, comprising a pretreatment module and a biological purification module; characterized in that: the pretreatment module comprises a water inlet grille (2), a sedimentation tank (1) and a filter assembly; the water inlet grille (2) is obliquely arranged at the water inlet end of the sedimentation tank (1) to intercept floating objects and large particles in the water; the sedimentation tank (1) is provided with a plurality of obliquely arranged sedimentation pipes (7), the cross section of the sedimentation pipe (7) is a regular polygon structure, so that part of the suspended sludge in the water entering the sedimentation tank (1) can be deposited on the sedimentation pipe (7), all the sedimentation pipes (7) are arranged staggered in the sedimentation tank (1), and the bottom of the sedimentation tank (1) is provided with a sludge collection box (3) which can be pulled out; the filter assembly is located at the water outlet end of the sedimentation tank (1) and is composed of a quartz sand filter layer (9), an activated carbon filter layer (10) and a ceramsite filter layer (11) stacked from top to bottom; the biological purification module comprises a biological reaction tank (36), an aeration assembly and a microbial carrier plate (17); the biological reaction tank (36) is in communication with the water outlet end of the pretreatment module, and a roller (18) is rotatably installed inside; a plurality of microbial carrier plates (17) with microorganisms are arranged in an annular array around the roller (18); the aeration assembly comprises an aeration pump, an aeration main pipe and a plurality of aeration branch pipes which are concentrically arranged from outside to inside and are all annular; the aeration main pipe is located below the microbial carrier, and a plurality of gas delivery pipes (21) are fixed on the inner side of the aeration main pipe along the radial direction, the gas delivery pipes (21) pass through the aeration branch pipes and are in communication with them, and aeration holes are formed on the upper side surface of the aeration branch pipes.

2. The water ecological restoration device for improving water quality of a river according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the sedimentation tank (1) is provided with a front water passage (5) and a rear water passage (6) on the front and rear sides respectively; the front water passage (5) is provided with the water inlet grille (2) obliquely arranged at the slot; the outlet end of the rear water passage (6) is bent downward by 90 degrees, and a filter tank (8) is arranged below the outlet end; the filter tank (8) is provided with the filter assembly.

3. The water ecological restoration device for improving water quality of a river according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sludge collection box (3) is located below all the sedimentation pipes (7), and the bottom end of the sludge collection box (3) is provided with a slide block (4) which is in linear sliding cooperation with the bottom of the sedimentation tank (1); a drainage pipeline (38) is arranged on one side of the sedimentation tank (1) above the sludge collection box (3); at least one end of each sedimentation pipe (7) is provided with a sludge scraping groove (27) which is arranged close to the inner wall of the sedimentation tank (1), so that after the water in the sedimentation tank (1) is drained by the drainage pipeline (38), the surface sludge of the sedimentation pipe (7) can be scraped off by the sludge scraping groove (27) and collected in the detachably installed sludge scraping groove (27) during the pulling out of the sedimentation pipe (7).

4. The water ecological restoration device for improving water quality of a river according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each microbial carrier plate (17) comprises three sub-carrier plates (26) with microorganisms on the inner side, so that the cross section of the microbial carrier plate (17) is a hollow fan-shaped structure.

5. The water ecological restoration device for improving river water quality according to claim 1, characterized in that, One end of the roller (18) extends out of the side wall of the sedimentation tank (1) and is coaxially fixed with a rotor (23), the rotor (23) is rotatably installed in a metering bin on the side wall of the sedimentation tank (1), the upper side of the metering bin is the inlet end connected with the gas inlet pipe (24), and the lower side is the outlet end connected with the gas outlet pipe (25), the gas input into the aeration main pipe, and the gas entering the gas inlet pipe (24) drives the rotation of the rotor (23), which rotates the roller (18) and the microbial carrier plate (17) integrally, and also measures the gas flow.

6. The water ecological restoration device for improving water quality of a river according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas inlet pipe (21) is supported and installed above the bottom of the sedimentation tank (1) by a plurality of support columns (22).

7. The water ecological restoration device for improving water quality of a river according to claim 1, characterized in that, The active carbon filter layer (10) and the ceramsite filter layer (11) are both inlaid in the rectangular frame (16), the frame (16) is in sliding contact with the rectangular sedimentation tank (1), the layers of the filter assembly are all connected in series on a screw rod (12), and the quartz sand filter layer (9) at the top is fixed in the sedimentation tank (1) and can be rotatably matched with the light rod section of the screw rod (12); the center of each of the two frames (16) is provided with a center sleeve (28) fixedly connected therewith, the outer side wall of the center sleeve (28) is provided with an annular groove for embedding the filter layer, and the center hole (2802) of the center sleeve (28) is provided with a two-stage step structure including a second stage step (2801) at each end; Two inner tooth sleeves (29) are also screwed on the screw rod (12), the inner tooth sleeve (29) is coaxially installed in the center hole (2802), the limiting ring part (2901) at the two ends of the inner tooth sleeve (29) is connected with the T-shaped bolt (30) slidingly installed in the T-shaped ring groove (280101) on the second stage step (2801), the T-shaped bolt (30) between the limiting ring part (2901) and the second stage step (2801) is sleeved with a compressed pressure spring (31), and the pressure spring (31) enables the microbial carrier plate (17) where the pressure spring (31) is located to move vertically when the screw rod (12) rotates, and when the microbial carrier plate (17) moves to the limit position and stops, the inner tooth sleeve (29) rotates relative to the center sleeve (28) together with the T-shaped bolt (30).

8. The water ecological restoration device for improving water quality of a river according to claim 7, characterized in that, One end of the pressure spring (31) is fixed on the second stage step (2801), and the other end is fixed with an annular pad (32), and the annular pad (32) is in contact with the end face of the limiting ring part (2901).

9. The water ecological restoration device for improving water quality of a river according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first limiting rod (14) is shorter than the second limiting rod (13), the first limiting rod (14) is used to contact with the bottom end of the frame (16) where the ceramsite filter layer (11) is located, and the ceramsite filter layer (11) or the frame (16) where the ceramsite filter layer (11) is located is provided with an elastic damping hinged sealing plate (33), the sealing plate (33) is flush with the top surface of the ceramsite filter layer (11) in normal state, so that the sealing plate (33) is opened by the second limiting rod (13) when the ceramsite filter layer (11) moves downward, and then the top end of the second limiting rod (13) contacts with the bottom end of the frame (16) where the activated carbon filter layer (10) is located, so that the ceramsite filter layer (11) reaches the limit position.

10. The water ecological restoration device for improving water quality of a river according to claim 7, characterized in that, Three high-pressure pipes (15) are arranged on one side of the filter tank (8), so as to inject high-pressure water between adjacent two layers of the filter assembly respectively when the layers of the filter assembly are separated to the limit position.

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