Sintering device and method for preparing silicon-carbon negative electrode by using silicon dioxide

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of silicon-carbon negative electrode sintering equipment, and discloses a sintering device and a method for preparing a silicon-carbon negative electrode by utilizing silicon dioxide, the sintering device comprises a box-type furnace and rotary trays, the rotary trays are distributed in the box-type furnace in a linear array mode in the vertical direction, and the rotary trays and the inner wall of the box-type furnace are rotationally installed; a vortex-shaped guide channel is arranged on the upper surface of the rotating tray; according to the sintering device, by arranging the rotating trays, the driving mechanism, the feeding pipe, the discharging pipe and the conveying pipe, the rotating trays can be driven by the driving mechanism to rotate in one direction to push materials, the upper rotating trays and the lower rotating trays can be connected through the conveying pipe to achieve layer-by-layer conveying of the materials, and the limitation of intermittent sintering of a traditional rotating disc type sintering furnace is broken through; the furnace door does not need to be frequently opened to take and place materials, continuous sintering of the materials in the box-type furnace is achieved, meanwhile, the vortex-shaped guide channel on the rotating tray can accurately guide the materials to move from the material receiving opening to the discharging opening, the material conveying stability is guaranteed, and the sintering efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of silicon-carbon anode sintering equipment technology, specifically to a sintering apparatus and a method for preparing silicon-carbon anodes using silicon dioxide. Background Technology

[0002] Silicon-carbon anodes are composite materials composed of silicon and carbon, representing a novel type of anode material. In lithium-ion batteries, the anode is a crucial component, directly impacting battery performance and lifespan. Compared to traditional graphite anodes, silicon-carbon anode materials exhibit higher specific capacity, better cycle performance, and higher rate capability. When preparing silicon-carbon anodes using silicon dioxide, before entering the sintering furnace, the silicon dioxide and carbon source are mixed at a molar ratio of 1:2.2-1:3 (with excess carbon source to ensure complete silicon dioxide reduction and reserve for the carbon matrix), and additives are added to form a slurry. This slurry is then spray-dried (granulated) or pressed into sheets (pressure 5-10 MPa) to obtain granular or sheet-like preforms with a particle size of 50-200 μm. These preforms are then processed in the sintering furnace through four stages: low-temperature preheating, high-temperature reduction, heat preservation and densification, and cooling. Finally, after sintering, the silicon-carbon material meets the required specifications through crushing, screening, acid washing for impurity removal, and drying.

[0003] Chinese patent CN222231274U discloses a novel silicon-carbon anode sintering device. This device uses a fume extraction mechanism to remove dust generated during the sintering process, preventing dust from falling onto the surface of the silicon-carbon anode and causing pollution.

[0004] The aforementioned device is actually a sintering furnace with a rotary tray structure. By setting a rotating tray structure inside the sintering furnace, it can meet the requirements for uniform heating when sintering silicon dioxide into silicon-carbon anodes, and avoid adverse effects on sintering caused by local temperature inconsistencies within the furnace. However, the rotary sintering furnace is a box furnace and can only sinter intermittently, unlike the pusher plate furnace which can sinter continuously. After each sintering is completed, the furnace door needs to be opened to remove the material placed on the rotating tray, and then new material needs to be added. At the same time, as a special type of box furnace, the rotary sintering furnace makes material removal even more inconvenient. Summary of the Invention

[0005] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a sintering apparatus and a method for preparing silicon-carbon anodes using silicon dioxide, which features uniform heating and continuous sintering, thus solving the problems mentioned in the background section.

[0007] (II) Technical Solution

[0008] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0009] A sintering apparatus includes a box furnace and a rotating tray. The rotating trays are arranged in a vertical straight array inside the box furnace and are rotatably mounted to the inner wall of the box furnace. The upper surface of the rotating tray is provided with a vortex-shaped guide channel. The center of the vortex-shaped guide channel is provided with a receiving port, and the edge of the vortex-shaped guide channel is provided with a discharging port. When the rotating tray rotates unidirectionally and continuously, it can push the material located at the receiving port along the vortex-shaped guide channel to the discharging port.

[0010] The box furnace is equipped with a drive mechanism, which includes an output shaft, an input shaft, a rotary transmission shaft, and a reciprocating transmission shaft. The output shaft, input shaft, rotary transmission shaft, and reciprocating transmission shaft are all located inside the box furnace. The output shaft drives the rotary tray to rotate. When the input shaft rotates forward, it drives the rotary transmission shaft to rotate. When the rotary transmission shaft rotates, it drives the output shaft to rotate. When the input shaft rotates in reverse, it drives the reciprocating transmission shaft to rotate. When the reciprocating transmission shaft rotates, it drives the output shaft to oscillate back and forth.

[0011] The box furnace is equipped with a feeding pipe, a discharging pipe, and a conveying pipe. The feeding pipe is used to add material into the receiving port of the uppermost rotating pallet. The discharging pipe is used to receive material discharged from the discharge port of the lowermost rotating pallet. The conveying pipe is used to transport the material discharged from the discharge port of the upper rotating pallet to the receiving port of the lower rotating pallet.

[0012] Preferably, the driving mechanism further includes a one-way transmission assembly, which includes an inner turntable and an outer ring. The inner turntable is fixedly mounted on the input shaft, and a groove is formed on the outer side wall of the inner turntable. The outer ring is rotatably mounted on the input shaft, and a one-way limiting groove is formed on the inner side wall of the outer ring. A one-way limiting block is slidably installed inside the groove. A support spring is fixedly installed between the one-way limiting block and the groove, and the one-way limiting block and the one-way limiting groove are adapted to and engaged. One end of the one-way limiting groove is set as a ramp guide surface. There are two one-way transmission assemblies, and the limiting directions of the one-way limiting grooves in the two one-way transmission assemblies are opposite.

[0013] Preferably, a drive gear ring is fixedly installed on the outer ring, and a rotary transmission gear and a reciprocating transmission gear are fixedly installed on the rotary transmission shaft and the reciprocating transmission shaft, respectively, and the rotary transmission gear and the reciprocating transmission gear are respectively adapted to mesh with the corresponding drive gear ring.

[0014] Preferably, the drive mechanism further includes an intermediate shaft, and the rotary transmission shaft and the intermediate shaft are driven by gear meshing, and the intermediate shaft and the output shaft are driven by gear meshing.

[0015] Preferably, the driving mechanism includes a swing transmission assembly, which includes a cam, a swing shaft, a swing disk, and a rocker arm. The swing shaft is rotatably mounted inside the box furnace. The cam and the swing disk are respectively fixedly mounted on the reciprocating transmission shaft and the swing shaft. The two ends of the rocker arm are rotatably connected to the cam and the swing disk at positions away from the center of rotation. The swing shaft and the output shaft are driven by gear meshing. When the reciprocating transmission shaft rotates, it drives the swing disk to swing back and forth through the cam and the rocker arm. When the swing disk swings, it drives the swing shaft to swing. When the swing shaft swings, the output shaft swings accordingly.

[0016] Preferably, the box furnace is provided with a heat insulation control cavity and a heating sintering cavity. The output shaft, input shaft, rotary transmission shaft, reciprocating transmission shaft and swing shaft are all located inside the heat insulation control cavity. A drive motor is fixedly installed outside the box furnace. One end of the input shaft passes through the inner top of the heat insulation control cavity, extends to the top of the box furnace and is connected to the drive end of the drive motor. The input shaft passes through the inner bottom of the heat insulation control cavity, extends to the interior of the heating sintering cavity and is fixedly connected to the rotating tray. A high-temperature sealing sleeve is provided at the penetration point between the input shaft and the heat insulation control cavity.

[0017] Preferably, a transverse partition is fixedly installed inside the heating sintering chamber, the lower surface of the rotating tray is rotatably sealed to the upper surface of the transverse partition, and a heating structure is provided between two adjacent transverse partitions for precise heating of the space between the transverse partitions.

[0018] Preferably, the unloading end of the feeding pipe, the feeding end of the discharge pipe, and the outlet end of the conveying pipe are all coaxial with the input shaft. The input shaft is rotatably connected to the unloading end of the feeding pipe, the feeding end of the discharge pipe, and the outlet end of the conveying pipe, and the diameter of the input shaft is smaller than the inner diameter of the feeding pipe, the discharge pipe, and the conveying pipe.

[0019] Preferably, the feeding end of the feeding pipe and the discharging end of the discharging pipe are both fixedly connected to the box furnace and extend to the outside of the box furnace. The discharging end of the feeding pipe is rotatably connected to the uppermost receiving port. The inlet end of the conveying pipe is fixedly connected to the discharging port, and the outlet end of the conveying pipe is rotatably connected to the receiving port and the feeding end of the discharging pipe, respectively.

[0020] This invention also discloses a method for preparing silicon-carbon anodes using silicon dioxide, the specific steps of which are as follows:

[0021] Silica powder and carbon source powder are mixed evenly in a preset ratio to obtain a mixture.

[0022] Start the box furnace to preheat to the preset sintering temperature. At the same time, control the input shaft to rotate forward through the drive mechanism, which drives the rotary transmission shaft and output shaft to rotate rapidly, so that the rotating trays distributed in a vertical linear array rotate rapidly in one direction.

[0023] The mixture is fed into the box furnace through the feeding pipe. The mixture is transported from the feeding pipe to the receiving port of the uppermost rotating tray. Under the rotational power of the rotating tray and the guiding effect of the vortex-shaped guide channel on the upper surface, the mixture gradually disperses inside the uppermost rotating tray towards the lower feeding port.

[0024] After the mixed materials are added and initially dispersed in the top rotating tray, the input shaft is switched to reverse direction by the drive mechanism, which drives the reciprocating drive shaft and output shaft to swing back and forth, causing the rotating tray to swing back and forth, further dispersing the materials in the tray more thoroughly, while avoiding material accumulation and overheating; during this period, the input shaft can be controlled to rotate slowly by the drive mechanism to ensure that the materials are heated evenly and do not shift with the rotation of the rotating tray;

[0025] After the material in the top rotating tray has completed the preset heating time, the input shaft is controlled to rotate forward again by the drive mechanism, so that the rotating tray resumes unidirectional rapid rotation. The mixed material is pushed from the receiving port to the discharge port along the vortex-shaped guide channel as the rotating tray rotates.

[0026] The mixed material discharged from the upper rotating pallet discharge port is conveyed through the conveying pipe to the receiving port of the adjacent lower rotating pallet. Then the process of material dispersion and heating is repeated, and the material is pushed to the discharge port along the vortex guide channel.

[0027] The material circulates sequentially on a multi-layer rotating tray, allowing the mixture to be continuously sintered at different temperatures within each rotating tray.

[0028] After the material has completed the preset sintering time, the sintered product discharged from the bottom rotating tray discharge port is collected through the discharge pipe to obtain the silicon-carbon anode primary product, which can then be subjected to simple crushing and screening as needed.

[0029] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a sintering apparatus and a method for preparing silicon-carbon anodes using silicon dioxide, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] 1. This sintering device, by setting up a rotating tray, a drive mechanism, a feeding pipe, a discharging pipe, and a conveying pipe, enables the rotating tray to rotate and push materials in one direction under the drive mechanism, and also to transfer materials layer by layer through the connection between the upper and lower rotating trays via the conveying pipe. This breaks the limitations of the intermittent sintering of traditional rotary sintering furnaces, eliminating the need to frequently open the furnace door to pick up and put in materials, and realizing continuous sintering of materials in the box furnace. At the same time, the vortex-shaped guide channel on the rotating tray can accurately guide the materials from the receiving port to the discharging port, ensuring the stability of material conveying and improving sintering efficiency.

[0032] 2. This sintering apparatus, by setting up a unidirectional transmission component, a swing transmission component, and an intermediate shaft, utilizes an inner turntable, an outer ring, and a unidirectional limiting block to drive the rotary transmission shaft or the reciprocating transmission shaft to rotate in both forward and reverse directions of the input shaft, thereby driving the output shaft to achieve unidirectional rotation or reciprocating swing. By setting up an intermediate shaft, the rotary transmission shaft can drive the output shaft to rotate unidirectionally. By setting up a swing shaft, cam, rocker arm, and swing disk, when the reciprocating transmission shaft rotates unidirectionally, the output shaft can achieve reciprocating swing. Thus, the rotating tray can switch between rotation and swing states as needed during the sintering process, which can quickly disperse materials, avoid material accumulation and overheating, and improve the uniformity of material heating.

[0033] 3. This sintering apparatus, through the setting of a heat-insulated control chamber, a heating sintering chamber, a transverse partition, and a high-temperature sealing sleeve, isolates the transmission components such as the output shaft and input shaft from the heating sintering chamber. The high-temperature sealing sleeve provides heat insulation and sealing at the point where the input shaft passes through, preventing high temperatures from affecting the operation of the transmission components and thus extending their service life. The transverse partition divides the heating sintering chamber into multiple independent spaces, and with the heating structure in each space, precise temperature control can be achieved to meet the temperature requirements of multiple stages in the silicon-carbon anode preparation process, such as low-temperature preheating, high-temperature reduction, heat preservation densification, and cooling. At the same time, the multi-layer rotating tray design extends the material sintering path, ensuring that the material is fully sintered and improving the quality of the silicon-carbon anode product. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is one of the three-dimensional structural schematic diagrams of the sintering apparatus of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 Enlarged schematic diagram of the local structure at point A;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a second three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the sintering apparatus of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 This is the third three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the sintering apparatus of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5 This is the fourth three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the sintering apparatus of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged schematic diagram of the local structure at point B;

[0040] Figure 7 This is the fifth three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the sintering apparatus of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7Enlarged schematic diagram of the local structure at point C;

[0042] Figure 9 This is the sixth three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the sintering apparatus of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 9 Enlarged schematic diagram of the local structure at point D;

[0044] Figure 11 This is a front view schematic diagram of the sintering apparatus of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 12 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the rotating tray structure in this invention.

[0046] In the picture:

[0047] 1. Box furnace; 11. Insulated control chamber; 12. Heating and sintering chamber; 13. Horizontal partition;

[0048] 2. Rotating tray;

[0049] 3. Vortex-shaped guide channel; 31. Material receiving port; 32. Material discharge port;

[0050] 4. Drive motor;

[0051] 5. Drive mechanism; 51. Output shaft; 52. Input shaft; 53. Rotary transmission shaft; 531. Rotary transmission gear; 54. Reciprocating transmission shaft; 541. Reciprocating transmission gear; 55. One-way transmission assembly; 551. Inner turntable; 552. Outer ring; 553. Slide groove; 554. One-way limiting groove; 555. One-way limiting block; 556. Support spring; 557. Drive gear ring; 56. Intermediate shaft; 57. Oscillating transmission assembly; 571. Cam; 572. Oscillating shaft; 573. Oscillating disk; 574. Rocker arm;

[0052] 6. Feeding pipe;

[0053] 7. Discharge pipe;

[0054] 8. Delivery pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0055] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0056] Example 1

[0057] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 12 The present invention provides a sintering apparatus, including a box furnace 1 and a rotating tray 2. The rotating trays 2 are arranged in a vertical straight array inside the box furnace 1 and are rotatably installed with respect to the inner wall of the box furnace 1. A vortex-shaped guide channel 3 is provided on the upper surface of the rotating tray 2. A receiving port 31 is provided at the center of the vortex-shaped guide channel 3, and a discharge port 32 is provided at the edge of the vortex-shaped guide channel 3. When the rotating tray 2 rotates unidirectionally and continuously, it can push the material located at the receiving port 31 along the vortex-shaped guide channel 3 to the discharge port 32.

[0058] The box furnace 1 is equipped with a drive mechanism 5, which includes an output shaft 51, an input shaft 52, a rotary transmission shaft 53, and a reciprocating transmission shaft 54. The output shaft 51, input shaft 52, rotary transmission shaft 53, and reciprocating transmission shaft 54 ​​are all located inside the box furnace 1. The output shaft 51 is used to drive the rotary tray 2 to rotate. When the input shaft 52 rotates forward, it drives the rotary transmission shaft 53 to rotate. When the rotary transmission shaft 53 rotates, it drives the output shaft 51 to rotate. When the input shaft 52 rotates in reverse, it drives the reciprocating transmission shaft 54 ​​to rotate. When the reciprocating transmission shaft 54 ​​rotates, it drives the output shaft 51 to swing back and forth.

[0059] The box furnace 1 is internally equipped with a feeding pipe 6, a discharging pipe 7, and a conveying pipe 8. The feeding pipe 6 is used to add material into the receiving port 31 of the uppermost rotating pallet 2. The discharging pipe 7 is used to receive material discharged from the discharge port 32 of the lowermost rotating pallet 2. The conveying pipe 8 is used to transport the material discharged from the discharge port 32 of the upper rotating pallet 2 to the receiving port 31 of the lower rotating pallet 2.

[0060] As can be seen from the above, the sintering device, by setting up a rotating tray 2, a drive mechanism 5, a feeding pipe 6, a discharging pipe 7, and a conveying pipe 8, enables the rotating tray 2 to rotate and push materials in one direction under the drive mechanism 5, and also to transfer materials layer by layer through the upper and lower rotating trays 2 connected by the conveying pipe 8. This breaks the limitations of the intermittent sintering of the traditional rotary sintering furnace, eliminating the need to frequently open the furnace door to pick up and put in materials, and realizing continuous sintering of materials in the box furnace 1. At the same time, the vortex-shaped guide channel 3 on the rotating tray 2 can accurately guide the materials from the receiving port 31 to the discharging port 32, ensuring the stability of material conveying and improving sintering efficiency. Meanwhile, the input shaft 52 can control the rotating drive shaft 53 or the reciprocating drive shaft 54 ​​by forward and reverse rotation, thereby driving the output shaft 51 to realize the rotation or swing of the rotating tray 2, so that the materials can be stably conveyed or vibrated and dispersed during the sintering process.

[0061] When using this device, silica powder and carbon source powder are mixed evenly in a preset ratio to obtain a mixture. The box furnace 1 is started and preheated to the preset sintering temperature. At the same time, the input shaft 52 is controlled to rotate forward by the drive mechanism 5, which drives the rotary transmission shaft 53 and the output shaft 51 to rotate rapidly, causing the rotating trays 2, which are arranged in a vertical linear array, to rotate rapidly in one direction. The mixture is added to the box furnace 1 through the feeding pipe 6. The mixture is conveyed from the feeding pipe 6 to the receiving port 31 of the uppermost rotating tray 2. Under the rotational power of the rotating tray 2 and the guiding action of the vortex-shaped guide channel 3 on the upper surface, the mixture is gradually dispersed in the uppermost rotating tray 2 towards the lower feeding port 32. After the mixture has been added and initially dispersed in the uppermost rotating tray 2, the input shaft 52 is switched to reverse direction by the drive mechanism 5, which drives the reciprocating transmission shaft 54 ​​and the output shaft 51 to swing back and forth, causing the rotating tray 2 to swing back and forth, further dispersing the material in the tray more thoroughly, while avoiding material accumulation and overheating. During this process, the drive mechanism can be used to... 5. Control input shaft 52 rotates slowly to ensure uniform heating of the material and prevent displacement as the rotating tray 2 rotates. After the material in the uppermost rotating tray 2 has completed the preset heating time, the drive mechanism 5 controls input shaft 52 to rotate forward again, causing the rotating tray 2 to resume unidirectional rapid rotation. The mixed material is pushed from receiving port 31 to discharge port 32 along the vortex-shaped guide channel 3 as the rotating tray 2 rotates. The mixed material discharged from the discharge port 32 of the upper rotating tray 2 is transported to the receiving port 31 of the adjacent rotating tray 2 below via conveying pipe 8. The process of material dispersion and heating is repeated, and the material is then pushed to discharge port 32 along the vortex-shaped guide channel 3. The material circulates sequentially on the multi-layer rotating tray 2, allowing the mixed material to be continuously sintered at different temperatures in each layer of rotating tray 2. After the material has completed the preset sintering time, the sintered product discharged from the discharge port 32 of the lowermost rotating tray 2 is collected through discharge pipe 7, thus obtaining the primary silicon-carbon anode product, which can be further processed by simple crushing and screening as needed.

[0062] Example 2

[0063] like Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 10As shown, the difference between this embodiment and the above embodiment is that the drive mechanism 5 further includes a one-way transmission assembly 55. The one-way transmission assembly 55 includes an inner turntable 551 and an outer ring 552. The inner turntable 551 is fixedly mounted on the input shaft 52, and a groove 553 is provided on the outer side wall of the inner turntable 551. The outer ring 552 is rotatably mounted on the input shaft 52, and a one-way limiting groove 554 is provided on the inner side wall of the outer ring 552. A one-way limiting block 555 is slidably installed inside the groove 553. A support spring 556 is fixedly installed between the one-way limiting block 555 and the groove 553, and the one-way limiting block 555 is adapted to engage with the one-way limiting groove 554. One end of the one-way limiting groove 554 is set as a ramp guide surface. There are two one-way transmission assemblies 55, and the limiting directions of the one-way limiting grooves 554 in the two one-way transmission assemblies 55 are opposite.

[0064] As can be seen from the above, in the one-way transmission assembly 55, the one-way transmission of driving power can be realized through the cooperation of the inner turntable 551, the outer ring 552 and the one-way limiting block 555. When the input shaft 52 drives the inner turntable 551 to rotate along the limiting direction of the one-way limiting groove 554, the one-way limiting block 555 is stuck into the one-way limiting groove 554 under the action of the support spring 556, which drives the outer ring 552 to rotate synchronously. When the input shaft 52 drives the inner turntable 551 to rotate in the opposite direction, the one-way limiting block 555 is squeezed back into the sliding groove 553 by the inclined guide surface, and the inner turntable 551 and the outer ring 552 slide relative to each other, so that when the input shaft 52 rotates in both directions, it can drive the outer rings 552 with opposite limiting directions of the two one-way limiting grooves 554 to rotate respectively.

[0065] In addition, in this embodiment, when the input shaft 52 rotates forward to drive the rotary transmission shaft 53 to rotate, due to the meshing relationship between the output shaft 51 and the reciprocating transmission shaft 54, a resistance is formed between the outer ring 552 of the one-way transmission component 55 connecting the reciprocating transmission shaft 54 ​​and the inner turntable 551. This causes the outer ring 552 to be fitted on the input shaft 52, but it cannot rotate with the inner turntable 551. Similarly, when the input shaft 52 rotates in reverse to drive the reciprocating transmission shaft 54, a resistance is also formed between the outer ring 552 of the one-way transmission component 55 connecting the rotary transmission shaft 53 and the inner turntable 551. This causes the outer ring 552 to be fitted on the input shaft 52, but it cannot rotate with the inner turntable 551.

[0066] A drive gear ring 557 is fixedly installed on the outer ring 552. A rotary transmission gear 531 and a reciprocating transmission gear 541 are fixedly installed on the rotary transmission shaft 53 and the reciprocating transmission shaft 54, respectively. The rotary transmission gear 531 and the reciprocating transmission gear 541 are respectively adapted to mesh with the corresponding drive gear ring 557.

[0067] As can be seen from the above, due to the configuration of the drive gear ring 557, the rotary transmission gear 531 and the reciprocating transmission gear 541, when the input shaft 52 rotates forward, the drive gear ring 557 drives the rotary transmission gear 531 to rotate, thereby controlling the rotary transmission shaft 53 to rotate in one direction. When the input shaft 52 rotates in reverse, the drive gear ring 557 drives the reciprocating transmission gear 541, thereby controlling the reciprocating transmission shaft 54 ​​to rotate in one direction.

[0068] The drive mechanism 5 also includes an intermediate shaft 56. The rotary transmission shaft 53 and the intermediate shaft 56 are driven by gear meshing, and the intermediate shaft 56 and the output shaft 51 are driven by gear meshing.

[0069] As can be seen from the above, the intermediate shaft 56 plays a transitional role in power transmission. By meshing with the gears of the rotary transmission shaft 53 and the output shaft 51, the transmission ratio can be optimized to adjust the speed of the output shaft 51.

[0070] The drive mechanism 5 includes a swing transmission assembly 57, which includes a cam 571, a swing shaft 572, a swing disk 573, and a rocker arm 574. The swing shaft 572 is rotatably mounted inside the box furnace 1. The cam 571 and the swing disk 573 are respectively fixedly mounted on the reciprocating transmission shaft 54 ​​and the swing shaft 572. The two ends of the rocker arm 574 are rotatably connected to the cam 571 and the swing disk 573 at positions away from the rotation center. The swing shaft 572 and the output shaft 51 are driven by gear meshing. When the reciprocating transmission shaft 54 ​​rotates, the cam 571 and the rocker arm 574 drive the swing disk 573 to swing back and forth. When the swing disk 573 swings, it drives the swing shaft 572 to swing. When the swing shaft 572 swings, the output shaft 51 swings accordingly.

[0071] As can be seen from the above, by converting the rotational motion of the cam 571 into the reciprocating swing of the rocker arm 574, the swing disk 573 and the swing shaft 572 are driven to swing back and forth, thereby causing the output shaft 51, which is driven by the swing shaft 572 through the gear, to swing back and forth. This transforms the unidirectional rotation of the reciprocating drive shaft 54 ​​into the bidirectional swing of the output shaft 51, allowing the material to be fully dispersed during the sintering process and avoiding local accumulation or uneven heating caused by the fixed-direction movement of the material.

[0072] Example 3

[0073] like Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 and Figure 11As shown, the difference between this embodiment and the above embodiment is that the box furnace 1 is provided with a heat insulation control cavity 11 and a heating and sintering cavity 12. The output shaft 51, input shaft 52, rotary transmission shaft 53, reciprocating transmission shaft 54 ​​and swing shaft 572 are all arranged inside the heat insulation control cavity 11. A drive motor 4 is fixedly installed on the outside of the box furnace 1. One end of the input shaft 52 passes through the inner top of the heat insulation control cavity 11 and extends to the top of the box furnace 1 and is connected to the drive end of the drive motor 4. The input shaft 52 passes through the inner bottom of the heat insulation control cavity 11 and extends to the inside of the heating and sintering cavity 12 and is fixedly connected to the rotating tray 2. A high-temperature sealing sleeve is provided at the penetration point of the input shaft 52 and the heat insulation control cavity 11.

[0074] As can be seen from the above, the partitioned design of the heat insulation control cavity 11 and the heating sintering cavity 12 isolates the transmission components of the drive mechanism 5 from the high-temperature sintering area, avoiding the impact of high temperature on the performance of components such as the output shaft 51 and the input shaft 52, and extending the service life of the transmission components. By setting the drive motor 4 outside the box furnace 1, it is convenient for the installation and maintenance of the motor, and it can also avoid the motor being affected by the high temperature inside the furnace. By setting a high-temperature sealing sleeve, the sealing and heat insulation of the input shaft 52 through-hole can be protected, preventing the heat in the heating sintering cavity 12 from leaking into the heat insulation control cavity 11.

[0075] A horizontal partition 13 is fixedly installed inside the heating sintering chamber 12. The lower surface of the rotating tray 2 is rotatably sealed with the upper surface of the horizontal partition 13. A heating structure is provided between two adjacent horizontal partitions 13. The heating structure is used to precisely heat the space between the horizontal partitions 13.

[0076] As can be seen from the above, by setting the partition plate 13, the heating sintering chamber 12 is divided into multiple independent heating spaces. The heating structure in each space can independently control the temperature, which meets the temperature requirements of multiple stages such as low temperature preheating, high temperature reduction, and heat preservation densification during the material sintering process. The rotational sealing design of the rotating tray 2 and the partition plate 13 not only ensures the normal rotation of the rotating tray 2, but also prevents the temperature of adjacent heating spaces from interfering with each other, ensuring the accuracy of the temperature in each area and improving the sintering quality of the material.

[0077] In addition, in this embodiment, a heat-insulating valve can be installed inside the conveying pipe 8. When the rotating tray 2 is stationary or rotating at a low speed, the connection between the conveying pipe 8 and the discharge port 32 is closed by a spring or other structure to improve the temperature isolation effect. When the rotating tray (2) drives the material to move towards the discharge port (32) along the vortex-shaped guide channel (3), the valve is opened by the pushing force of the material to facilitate the passage of the material. Since the elastic valve structure is widely used in the prior art, the specific structure of the valve is not described in this embodiment.

[0078] The unloading end of the feeding pipe 6, the feeding end of the discharge pipe 7, and the outlet end of the conveying pipe 8 are all coaxial with the input shaft 52. The input shaft 52 is rotatably connected to the unloading end of the feeding pipe 6, the feeding end of the discharge pipe 7, and the outlet end of the conveying pipe 8, and the diameter of the input shaft 52 is smaller than the inner diameter of the feeding pipe 6, the discharge pipe 7, and the conveying pipe 8.

[0079] As can be seen from the above, the coaxial design of the feeding pipe 6, the discharge pipe 7, the conveying pipe 8 and the input shaft 52 can avoid interference between the input shaft 52 and the pipes when it rotates. At the same time, the design of the input shaft 52 having a smaller diameter than the inner diameter of the pipe ensures that the material can be smoothly conveyed along the pipe and will not cause material blockage due to the presence of the input shaft 52, thus ensuring the continuity and stability of material conveying.

[0080] The feeding end of the feeding pipe 6 and the discharging end of the discharging pipe 7 are both fixedly connected to the box furnace 1 and extend to the outside of the box furnace 1. The discharging end of the feeding pipe 6 is rotatably connected to the uppermost receiving port 31. The inlet end of the conveying pipe 8 is fixedly connected to the discharging port 32, and the outlet end of the conveying pipe 8 is rotatably connected to the receiving port 31 and the feeding end of the discharging pipe 7, respectively.

[0081] As can be seen from the above, the feeding end of the feeding pipe 6 and the discharging end of the discharging pipe 7 extend to the outside of the box furnace 1 to facilitate the addition and discharge of materials. The rotating connection between the discharging end of the feeding pipe 6 and the receiving port 31 and the rotating connection between the feeding end of the discharging pipe 7 and the outlet end of the conveying pipe 8 ensures that the feeding pipe 6 can stably supply materials to the receiving port 31 when the rotating tray 2 rotates, avoiding material spillage. At the same time, the conveying pipe 8 can accurately output materials when discharging. The design of the inlet end of the conveying pipe 8 being fixedly connected to the discharging port 32 and the outlet end being rotatably connected to the receiving port 31 not only ensures the accurate conveying of materials from the discharging port 32 to the receiving port 31, but also avoids the pipes being pulled and damaged due to the rotation of the tray.

[0082] Example 4

[0083] Please see Figure 1 - Figure 12 The present invention also discloses a method for preparing silicon-carbon anodes using silicon dioxide, the specific steps of which are as follows:

[0084] Silica powder and carbon source powder are mixed evenly in a preset ratio to obtain a mixture.

[0085] The box furnace 1 is started and preheated to the preset sintering temperature. At the same time, the input shaft 52 is controlled to rotate forward by the drive mechanism 5, which drives the rotary transmission shaft 53 and the output shaft 51 to rotate rapidly, so that the rotary trays 2, which are arranged in a straight array along the vertical direction, rotate rapidly in one direction.

[0086] The mixture is fed into the box furnace 1 through the feeding pipe 6. The mixture is transported from the feeding pipe 6 to the receiving port 31 of the uppermost rotating tray 2. Under the rotational power of the rotating tray 2 and the guiding effect of the vortex-shaped guide channel 3 on the upper surface, the mixture is gradually dispersed in the uppermost rotating tray 2 towards the lower feeding port 32.

[0087] After the mixed materials are added and initially dispersed in the uppermost rotating tray 2, the drive mechanism 5 switches the input shaft 52 to reverse direction, driving the reciprocating transmission shaft 54 ​​and output shaft 51 to swing back and forth, causing the rotating tray 2 to swing back and forth accordingly, further dispersing the materials in the tray more thoroughly, while avoiding material accumulation and overheating; during this period, the drive mechanism 5 can control the input shaft 52 to rotate forward and slowly, ensuring that the materials are heated evenly and do not shift with the rotation of the rotating tray 2;

[0088] After the material in the uppermost rotating tray 2 has completed the preset heating time, the input shaft 52 is controlled to rotate forward again by the drive mechanism 5, so that the rotating tray 2 resumes unidirectional rapid rotation. As the rotating tray 2 rotates, the mixed material is pushed from the receiving port 31 to the discharge port 32 along the vortex-shaped guide channel 3.

[0089] The mixed material discharged from the discharge port 32 of the upper rotating pallet 2 is conveyed through the conveying pipe 8 to the receiving port 31 of the adjacent rotating pallet 2 below. Then the process of material dispersion and heating is repeated, and the material is pushed to the discharge port 32 along the vortex guide channel 3.

[0090] The material circulates sequentially on the multi-layer rotating tray 2, so that the mixture is continuously sintered at different temperatures in each layer of rotating tray 2;

[0091] After the material has completed the preset sintering time, the sintered product discharged from the discharge port 32 of the bottom rotating tray 2 is collected through the discharge pipe 7 to obtain the primary silicon-carbon anode product, which can be further processed by simple crushing and screening as needed.

[0092] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A sintering apparatus, comprising a box furnace and a rotating tray, characterized in that: The rotating trays are arranged in a vertical straight array inside the box furnace and are all rotatably installed with the inner wall of the box furnace. The upper surface of the rotating tray is provided with a vortex-shaped guide channel. The center of the vortex-shaped guide channel is provided with a material receiving port and the edge of the vortex-shaped guide channel is provided with a material discharge port. When the rotating tray rotates unidirectionally and continuously, it can push the material located at the material receiving port along the vortex-shaped guide channel to the material discharge port. The box furnace is equipped with a drive mechanism, which includes an output shaft, an input shaft, a rotary transmission shaft, and a reciprocating transmission shaft. The output shaft, input shaft, rotary transmission shaft, and reciprocating transmission shaft are all located inside the box furnace. The output shaft drives the rotary tray to rotate. When the input shaft rotates forward, it drives the rotary transmission shaft to rotate. When the rotary transmission shaft rotates, it drives the output shaft to rotate. When the input shaft rotates in reverse, it drives the reciprocating transmission shaft to rotate. When the reciprocating transmission shaft rotates, it drives the output shaft to oscillate back and forth. The box furnace is equipped with a feeding pipe, a discharging pipe, and a conveying pipe. The feeding pipe is used to add material into the receiving port of the uppermost rotating pallet. The discharging pipe is used to receive material discharged from the discharge port of the lowermost rotating pallet. The conveying pipe is used to transport the material discharged from the discharge port of the upper rotating pallet to the receiving port of the lower rotating pallet.

2. The sintering apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive mechanism further includes a one-way transmission assembly, which includes an inner turntable and an outer ring. The inner turntable is fixedly mounted on the input shaft, and a groove is formed on the outer side wall of the inner turntable. The outer ring is rotatably mounted on the input shaft, and a one-way limiting groove is formed on the inner side wall of the outer ring. A one-way limiting block is slidably installed inside the groove. A support spring is fixedly installed between the one-way limiting block and the groove, and the one-way limiting block and the one-way limiting groove are adapted to and engaged. One end of the one-way limiting groove is set as a ramp guide surface. There are two one-way transmission assemblies, and the limiting directions of the one-way limiting grooves in the two one-way transmission assemblies are opposite.

3. A sintering apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that: A drive gear ring is fixedly installed on the outer ring, and a rotary transmission gear and a reciprocating transmission gear are fixedly installed on the rotary transmission shaft and the reciprocating transmission shaft, respectively. The rotary transmission gear and the reciprocating transmission gear are respectively adapted to mesh with the corresponding drive gear ring.

4. A sintering apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that: The drive mechanism also includes an intermediate shaft, and the rotary transmission shaft and the intermediate shaft are driven by gear meshing, and the intermediate shaft and the output shaft are driven by gear meshing.

5. A sintering apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive mechanism includes a swing transmission assembly, which includes a cam, a swing shaft, a swing disk, and a rocker arm. The swing shaft is rotatably mounted inside the box furnace. The cam and the swing disk are respectively fixedly mounted on the reciprocating transmission shaft and the swing shaft. The two ends of the rocker arm are rotatably connected to the cam and the swing disk at positions away from the center of rotation. The swing shaft and the output shaft are driven by gear meshing. When the reciprocating transmission shaft rotates, it drives the swing disk to swing back and forth through the cam and the rocker arm. When the swing disk swings, it drives the swing shaft to swing. When the swing shaft swings, the output shaft swings accordingly.

6. A sintering apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that: The box furnace has an internal heat-insulating control chamber and a heating sintering chamber. The output shaft, input shaft, rotary transmission shaft, reciprocating transmission shaft, and swing shaft are all located inside the heat-insulating control chamber. A drive motor is fixedly installed outside the box furnace. One end of the input shaft passes through the inner top of the heat-insulating control chamber, extends to the top of the box furnace, and is connected to the drive end of the drive motor. The input shaft passes through the inner bottom of the heat-insulating control chamber, extends to the interior of the heating sintering chamber, and is fixedly connected to the rotating tray. A high-temperature sealing sleeve is provided at the penetration point between the input shaft and the heat-insulating control chamber.

7. A sintering apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that: A transverse partition is fixedly installed inside the heating sintering chamber. The lower surface of the rotating tray is rotatably sealed to the upper surface of the transverse partition. A heating structure is provided between two adjacent transverse partitions for precise heating of the space between the transverse partitions.

8. A sintering apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that: The unloading end of the feeding pipe, the feeding end of the discharge pipe, and the outlet end of the conveying pipe are all coaxial with the input shaft. The input shaft is rotatably connected to the unloading end of the feeding pipe, the feeding end of the discharge pipe, and the outlet end of the conveying pipe, and the diameter of the input shaft is smaller than the inner diameter of the feeding pipe, the discharge pipe, and the conveying pipe.

9. A sintering apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that: The feeding end of the feeding pipe and the discharging end of the discharging pipe are both fixedly connected to the box furnace and extend to the outside of the box furnace. The discharging end of the feeding pipe is rotatably connected to the uppermost receiving port. The inlet end of the conveying pipe is fixedly connected to the discharging port, and the outlet end of the conveying pipe is rotatably connected to the receiving port and the feeding end of the discharging pipe, respectively.

10. A method for preparing silicon-carbon anodes using silicon dioxide, comprising using a sintering apparatus as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The specific steps are as follows: Silica powder and carbon source powder are mixed evenly in a preset ratio to obtain a mixture. Start the box furnace to preheat to the preset sintering temperature. At the same time, control the input shaft to rotate forward through the drive mechanism, which drives the rotary transmission shaft and output shaft to rotate rapidly, so that the rotating trays distributed in a vertical linear array rotate rapidly in one direction. The mixture is fed into the box furnace through the feeding pipe. The mixture is transported from the feeding pipe to the receiving port of the uppermost rotating tray. Under the rotational power of the rotating tray and the guiding effect of the vortex-shaped guide channel on the upper surface, the mixture gradually disperses inside the uppermost rotating tray towards the lower feeding port. After the mixed materials are added and initially dispersed in the top rotating tray, the input shaft is switched to reverse direction by the drive mechanism, which drives the reciprocating drive shaft and output shaft to swing back and forth, causing the rotating tray to swing back and forth, further dispersing the materials in the tray more thoroughly, while avoiding material accumulation and overheating; during this period, the input shaft can be controlled to rotate slowly by the drive mechanism to ensure that the materials are heated evenly and do not shift with the rotation of the rotating tray; After the material in the top rotating tray has completed the preset heating time, the input shaft is controlled to rotate forward again by the drive mechanism, so that the rotating tray resumes unidirectional rapid rotation. The mixed material is pushed from the receiving port to the discharge port along the vortex-shaped guide channel as the rotating tray rotates. The mixed material discharged from the upper rotating pallet discharge port is conveyed through the conveying pipe to the receiving port of the adjacent lower rotating pallet. Then the process of material dispersion and heating is repeated, and the material is pushed to the discharge port along the vortex guide channel. The material circulates sequentially on a multi-layer rotating tray, allowing the mixture to be continuously sintered at different temperatures within each rotating tray. After the material has completed the preset sintering time, the sintered product discharged from the bottom rotating tray discharge port is collected through the discharge pipe to obtain the silicon-carbon anode primary product, which can then be subjected to simple crushing and screening as needed.

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