DCDC power supply control method and system for electric energy meter fusion terminal

Abstract

According to the DCDC power supply control method and system for the electric energy meter fusion terminal, provided by the invention, the MCU monitors the output voltage values of the system power supply module and the DCDC power supply module in real time, collects the real-time output voltage values, compares the real-time output voltage values with the preset threshold value, judges whether the DCDC power supply module has an abnormal condition of short circuit to the external module or not, and sends the abnormal condition to the MCU; according to the method, the corresponding exception handling process is executed according to the occurrence frequency of the exceptions, a progressive turn-off and delay recovery mechanism is implemented based on the occurrence frequency of the short circuits, fault properties are intelligently distinguished, excessive response to instantaneous faults is avoided, and meanwhile continuous faults are effectively isolated and alarmed. The MCU monitors the output voltage of the DCDC power supply module and the output voltage of the system power supply module at the same time, a collaborative judgment mechanism is established, the accuracy of short circuit recognition is ensured, stable operation of a main system is guaranteed, and restart is avoided.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of DCDC power supply control, and particularly relates to a DCDC power supply control method and system for an electric energy meter fusion terminal. BACKGROUND

[0002] Modern intelligent electric energy meters and fusion terminals usually adopt a hierarchical power supply architecture. In an electric energy meter-fusion terminal, system main power supply is responsible for providing energy for the terminal core board (usually including a main control MCU, a clock circuit, a storage unit, etc.). In order to supply power to possibly externally connected load control modules, new type communication modules (such as 4G / 5G modules), etc., a separate, small power non-isolated DC-DC circuit is designed to supply power to the external modules through the DC-DC circuit.

[0003] For short circuit protection of the external module DC-DC circuit, two schemes are mainly relied on. First, most DC-DC chips integrate overcurrent protection and short circuit protection functions. When overcurrent is detected, the chip will enter a protection state (such as hiccup mode or shutdown). However, the protection threshold is usually fixed, the response time is in milliseconds, and the protection strategy is single, which cannot distinguish between transient interference and permanent failure. Second, some designs will increase an external comparator circuit to monitor the DC-DC output voltage in real time. Once it is lower than the set threshold, the DC-DC enable is directly turned off. This scheme responds faster, but lacks flexibility and cannot realize complex judgment logic and delay recovery strategy.

[0004] In summary, the existing schemes have problems such as untimely response leading to systematic abnormalities, single protection mechanism, no self-adaptive ability, etc., which affect the stable operation of the main system. SUMMARY

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is that the existing schemes have problems such as untimely response leading to systematic abnormalities, single protection mechanism, no self-adaptive ability, etc., which affect the stable operation of the main system.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems or at least partially solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a DCDC power supply control circuit and control method and system for an electric energy meter fusion terminal.

[0007] In a first aspect, the present application discloses a DCDC power supply control method for an electric energy meter fusion terminal, which comprises, The system is powered on and initialized, the MCU monitors the output voltage of the system power supply module and the output voltage of the DCDC power supply module in real time, and obtains an output voltage value, the output voltage value including a system power supply voltage value and an external power supply voltage value; Real-time output voltage values ​​are collected within a preset time period. It is then checked whether the real-time output voltage value reaches a preset threshold. If the real-time output voltage value is lower than the preset threshold, it is judged as an abnormal situation. A historical abnormal situation counter records the total number of abnormal situations. Based on the number of abnormal situations recorded by the historical abnormal situation counter, the corresponding abnormal handling process is executed.

[0008] Preferably, the following steps are then included: After an abnormal situation occurs, the MCU records the number of short circuit events, the time, and the cause in the abnormal situation in the memory and uploads it to the host computer.

[0009] Preferably, after the system is powered on and initialized, the MCU monitors the output voltage of the system power supply module and the output voltage of the DC-DC power supply module in real time to obtain the output voltage value, which includes the system power supply voltage value and the external power supply voltage value. Specifically, this includes the following steps: The MCU connects to the backup power supply, the system power supply module, and the DC-DC power supply module. The DC-DC power supply module connects to the system power supply module. The system powers on and initializes the system's historical anomaly counter. The MCU monitors the output voltage of the system power supply module and the output voltage of the DC-DC power supply module in real time to obtain the real-time system power supply voltage value and the real-time external power supply voltage value.

[0010] Preferably, real-time output voltage values ​​are collected within a preset time period, and it is detected whether the real-time output voltage value reaches a preset threshold. If the real-time output voltage value is lower than the preset threshold, it is judged as an abnormal situation. A historical abnormal situation counter records the total number of abnormal situations, and the corresponding abnormal handling process is executed according to the number of abnormal situations recorded by the historical abnormal situation counter. Specifically, it includes the following steps: Within a preset time period, the MCU collects the system power supply voltage and the external power supply voltage several times to obtain the real-time output voltage value, which includes the real-time system power supply voltage and the real-time external power supply voltage. A first voltage threshold and a second voltage threshold are preset. The real-time system power supply voltage value is compared with the first voltage threshold and the real-time external power supply voltage value is compared with the second voltage threshold. Based on the comparison results, it is determined that an external short circuit event has occurred. The total number of short-circuit events is calculated within a preset time period. If the total number exceeds a preset threshold, it is recorded as an abnormal phenomenon. The historical abnormality counter records the total number of abnormalities. The corresponding abnormality handling process is executed based on the number of abnormalities recorded by the historical abnormality counter.

[0011] Preferably, determining the occurrence of an external short-circuit event based on the comparison results specifically includes the following steps: An external short circuit event is determined to have occurred when the real-time system power supply voltage is less than the first voltage threshold and the real-time external power supply voltage is less than the second voltage threshold.

[0012] Preferably, the corresponding exception handling process is executed based on the number of historical anomalies, specifically including the following steps: If the historical record counter records less than five abnormal occurrences, disconnect the DC-DC power supply module from the external power source, restore the DC-DC power supply module to the external power source after a preset delay, and record a system fault on the MCU. If the historical record counter records a total number of abnormalities greater than or equal to five, the DC-DC power supply module will be permanently disconnected from the external power supply. The MCU will record that a permanent system fault has occurred and issue a system warning signal.

[0013] Preferably, the backup power supply is for the MCU, and the backup power supply is used when the system power supply voltage is less than the first voltage threshold.

[0014] In a second aspect, the present invention discloses a DC-DC power control system for a power meter fusion terminal, including the aforementioned DC-DC power control method for a power meter fusion terminal, comprising an MCU, a DC-DC power supply module, a system power supply module, and an external module. The MCU is connected to the system power supply module and the DC-DC power supply module, the system power supply module and the DC-DC power supply module are connected, and the DC-DC power supply module is connected to the external module. The system power supply module provides power to both the DC-DC power supply module and the MCU, while the DC-DC power supply module provides power to external modules.

[0015] Preferably, a backup power supply is included, which is electrically connected to the MCU.

[0016] Preferably, the DC-DC power supply module includes a DC-DC control unit, an output terminal, and a control terminal. The control terminal is connected to the signal output terminal of the MCU, and the output terminal is connected to an external module.

[0017] The technical solution provided in this application has the following advantages compared with the prior art: The DC-DC power control method and system for a fusion terminal of electricity meters provided in this application mention that the MCU monitors the output voltage values ​​of the system power supply module and the DC-DC power supply module in real time, collects the real-time output voltage values, and judges whether the DC-DC power supply module has a short circuit abnormality with the external module by comparing them with a preset threshold. Based on the number of times the abnormality occurs, the corresponding abnormality handling process is executed. Based on the number of short circuit occurrences, a gradual shutdown and delayed recovery mechanism is implemented to intelligently distinguish the nature of the fault, avoid overreacting to transient faults, and effectively isolate and alarm for persistent faults.

[0018] Furthermore, by simultaneously monitoring the output voltage of the DC-DC power supply module and the system power supply module through the MCU, a collaborative judgment mechanism is established to ensure the accuracy of short circuit identification, guarantee the stable operation of the main system, and avoid restarting.

[0019] Furthermore, by fully utilizing the feature that the MCU can be powered by both the system power supply module and the backup power supply, it is ensured that even if a short circuit causes the system power supply module to drop momentarily, the MCU itself can still operate normally and reliably execute the protection logic by relying on the backup power supply.

[0020] The system mentions that the system power supply module consists of a DC-DC power supply module and an MCU power supply module. The DC-DC power supply module supplies power to external modules. The MCU simultaneously monitors the output voltage values ​​of both the DC-DC power supply module and the system power supply module. By observing the simultaneous changes in the output voltage values ​​of both the external power supply module and the system power supply module, the system can determine if a short circuit event has occurred. This effectively filters out normal plugging / unplugging or startup impacts of external modules, ensuring the accuracy of short circuit identification, guaranteeing the stable operation of the main system, and preventing restarts. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a DC-DC power control method for a power meter fusion terminal provided in this application. Figure One ; Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating step S2 of a DC-DC power control method for an electricity meter fusion terminal provided in this application; Figure 3 A timing diagram of a DC-DC power control method for a fusion terminal of an electricity meter provided in this application; Figure 4 A flowchart illustrating a DC-DC power control method for a power meter fusion terminal provided in this application. Figure Two ; Figure 5 A flowchart illustrating a DC-DC power control method for a power meter fusion terminal provided in this application. Figure Three ; Figure 6A flowchart illustrating a DC-DC power control method for a power meter fusion terminal provided in this application. Figure Four ; Figure 7 This application provides a basic architecture diagram of a DC-DC power control system for a power meter fusion terminal; Figure 8 A block diagram of a DC-DC power control system for a power meter fusion terminal provided in this application; Figure 9 The circuit diagram provided in this application is for a DC-DC power supply module of a DC-DC power control system for an electricity meter fusion terminal.

[0024] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. DC-DC power control system for electricity meter fusion terminals; 11. MCU; 12. DC-DC power supply module; 121. DC-DC control unit; 122. Output terminal; 123. Control terminal; 13. System power supply module; 14. External modules; 15. Backup power supply. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0026] Firstly, see Figures 1-6 This invention discloses a DC-DC power control method for a power meter fusion terminal, comprising, Step S1: The system is powered on and initialized. The MCU monitors the output voltage of the system power supply module and the output voltage of the DC-DC power supply module in real time to obtain the output voltage value, which includes the system power supply voltage value and the external power supply voltage value. Step S2: Collect the real-time output voltage value within a preset time period, and detect whether the real-time output voltage value reaches the preset threshold. If the real-time output voltage value is lower than the preset threshold, it is judged as an abnormal situation. The historical abnormal situation counter records the total number of abnormal situations, and the corresponding abnormal handling process is executed according to the number of abnormal situations recorded by the historical abnormal situation counter.

[0027] Specifically, in step S1, after the system is powered on, the MCU immediately initiates a full initialization process, enabling two independent ADC sampling channels. One channel is directly connected to the output of the system power supply module to collect system power supply voltage-related signals, while the other channel is connected to the output of the DC-DC power supply module through a matching voltage divider resistor to specifically collect external power supply voltage-related signals. Simultaneously, the sampling frequency is set to 1kHz, and a moving average filtering mechanism is enabled to filter high-frequency interference. The RTC real-time clock is simultaneously calibrated to ensure that the timestamp accuracy of subsequent records meets requirements. The GPIO pin states are configured, setting the enable pin of the DC-DC module to high level to ensure it is in normal output mode by default, and setting the alarm light pin to low level, initially without alarm prompts. At the same time, the historical abnormal counter values ​​and past fault records stored in the non-volatile memory are read and loaded into the MCU cache for historical state integration. Furthermore, the automatic switching threshold configuration between the main power supply and the backup power supply is completed to ensure uninterrupted MCU power supply during system power voltage fluctuations. After initialization, the MCU synchronously acquires the raw signals of the two ADCs at a preset frequency of 1kHz. It then performs conversion using the corresponding formula, directly converting the ADC sample value of the system power supply voltage into the actual voltage value. The ADC sample value of the external power supply voltage is then converted into the true external power supply voltage value after being corrected by the attenuation coefficient of the voltage divider resistor. The converted voltage values ​​of the two channels are stored in the MCU cache in real time, providing accurate data support for subsequent anomaly detection.

[0028] Specifically, in step S2, the preset time period for anomaly confirmation is first set to 10ms, the preset threshold for system power supply voltage is set to 90% of its rated value, the preset threshold for external power supply voltage is set to 85% of its rated value, and the initial value of the historical anomaly counter (ClearCounter) is adjusted to 0. This counter only records confirmed valid anomalies. Entering the anomaly detection and confirmation phase, the MCU completes three acquisitions of the dual-channel real-time output voltage values ​​within the preset time period of 10ms. After each acquisition, it is determined whether both conditions are simultaneously met: the system power supply voltage is lower than the corresponding preset threshold, and the external power supply voltage is lower than the corresponding preset threshold. If an event in the acquisition results satisfies both conditions, it is determined to be a valid anomaly. Once a valid anomaly is confirmed, the historical anomaly counter automatically increments by 1. Then, a differentiated anomaly handling process is executed based on the incremented counter value. When the counter value is 1, the DC-DC enable pin is pulled low to shut down the output, which automatically resumes after 10 seconds and continues monitoring. When the value is 2, the DC-DC output is shut down and then resumes after a 30-second delay. When the value is 3, it is shut down and then resumes after a 60-second delay. When the value is 4, it is shut down and then resumes after a 300-second delay. When the value reaches or exceeds 5, the DC-DC output is permanently shut down, simultaneously triggering local alarm light flashing and remote alarm information uploading.

[0029] The technical solution provided in this application has the following advantages compared with the prior art: The DC-DC power control method and system for a fusion terminal of electricity meters provided in this application mention that the MCU monitors the output voltage values ​​of the system power supply module and the DC-DC power supply module in real time, collects the real-time output voltage values, and judges whether the DC-DC power supply module has a short circuit abnormality with the external module by comparing them with a preset threshold. Based on the number of times the abnormality occurs, the corresponding abnormality handling process is executed. Based on the number of short circuit occurrences, a gradual shutdown and delayed recovery mechanism is implemented to intelligently distinguish the nature of the fault, avoid overreacting to transient faults, and effectively isolate and alarm for persistent faults.

[0030] Furthermore, by simultaneously monitoring the output voltage of the DC-DC power supply module and the system power supply module through the MCU, a collaborative judgment mechanism is established to ensure the accuracy of short circuit identification, guarantee the stable operation of the main system, and avoid restarting.

[0031] In this embodiment, the real-time output voltage value is collected within a preset time period, using a 10ms interval of 3 times. However, the preset time is not limited to the 10ms interval used in this embodiment, and the number of collections is not limited to 3 times used in this embodiment. It can be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0032] Step S2 is followed by the following steps: Step S3: After an abnormal situation occurs, the MCU records the number of short circuit events, time, and cause in the abnormal situation in the memory and uploads it to the host computer.

[0033] Specifically, once a valid anomaly is confirmed and the corresponding processing procedure is triggered, the MCU immediately initiates data recording and uploading operations. Key system information is integrated into a complete fault record according to a preset format, including the cumulative number of short-circuit events, the timestamp of the anomaly, and the abnormal voltage values ​​of both circuits (directly reflecting the voltage drop caused by the short circuit). This record is written to non-volatile memory. After local storage is completed, the MCU transmits the corresponding alarm information and uploads information related to the anomaly to the host computer via the energy meter and the pre-set communication interface of the converged terminal (such as dual-mode communication, RS-485, 4G module).

[0034] It is understandable that building a fault tracing and remote monitoring link allows local non-volatile storage to permanently retain key data on short-circuit events. Even if the device is powered off or restarted, the fault information will not be lost, providing a traceable original basis for subsequent fault investigation. Real-time data uploading to the positioning machine enables remote visualization of abnormal situations, allowing operation and maintenance personnel to grasp the fault status of terminal equipment in real time without going to the site, including the time, frequency, and degree of voltage abnormality of short circuits. Especially for permanent faults, alarm data frames with tags and periodic retransmission mechanisms can quickly remind management personnel to intervene in a timely manner, avoiding the long-term existence of faults that may lead to equipment damage or functional failure. At the same time, complete fault records also provide data support for analyzing fault patterns and optimizing equipment protection strategies, helping to facilitate subsequent performance iterations of the terminal power system.

[0035] Step S1 specifically includes the following steps: Step S11: Connect the MCU to the backup power supply, system power supply module, and DC-DC power supply module. Connect the DC-DC power supply module to the system power supply module. Power on the system and initialize the system's historical anomaly counter. Step S12: The MCU monitors the output voltage of the system power supply module and the output voltage of the DC-DC power supply module in real time to obtain the real-time system power supply voltage value and the real-time external power supply voltage value.

[0036] Specifically, the MCU connects to both the backup power supply (such as a lithium polymer battery) and the system power supply module via dedicated power interfaces. Simultaneously, the input of the DC-DC power supply module is connected to the system power supply module via a power bus. After the system is connected to mains power, it first completes power-on startup and initializes the historical anomaly counter to 0. The MCU is configured with an automatic switching threshold between the backup power supply and the system power supply. When the output voltage of the system power supply module falls below the preset switching threshold, it automatically switches to the backup power supply to power the MCU, ensuring uninterrupted power supply during initialization and subsequent operation. After startup, the MCU activates two independent ADC sampling channels, connected to the outputs of the system power supply module and the DC-DC power supply module respectively. The MCU synchronously acquires two raw analog signals, converts them into digital signals, and stores the two real-time voltage values ​​in the MCU's on-chip buffer in real time, ensuring rapid retrieval during subsequent anomaly detection.

[0037] By establishing a stable and reliable power supply foundation and connecting to historical abnormal states, and by clarifying the connection relationship between the MCU and each power module, and between the DC-DC module and the system power supply, the hardware ensures that the MCU can continue to work when the system power supply fluctuates. Through synchronous acquisition by two independent ADC channels, the system power supply stability and the power supply status of external modules are monitored synchronously. At the same time, the mechanism of real-time acquisition and cache update can capture instantaneous voltage changes in a timely manner and avoid missing voltage drop signals caused by sudden faults such as short circuits.

[0038] Step S2 specifically includes the following steps: Step S21: Within a preset time period, the MCU collects the system power supply voltage value and the external power supply voltage value several times to obtain the real-time output voltage value, which includes the real-time system power supply voltage value and the real-time external power supply voltage value. Step S22: Preset a first voltage threshold and a second voltage threshold, compare the real-time system power supply voltage value with the first voltage threshold and the real-time external power supply voltage value with the second voltage threshold respectively, and determine the occurrence of an external short circuit event based on the comparison results; Step S23: Calculate the total number of short-circuit events that occur within a preset time period. If the total number exceeds a preset threshold, it is recorded as an abnormal phenomenon. The historical abnormality counter records the total number of abnormalities. The corresponding abnormality handling process is executed according to the number of abnormalities recorded by the historical abnormality counter.

[0039] Specifically, the preset time period is set to 10ms, and the number of data acquisitions is set to 3 to ensure sufficient samples are obtained within a short period. Immediately after each acquisition, the raw signal is processed by moving average filtering to remove high-frequency noise and voltage fluctuations. The first voltage threshold is set to 90% of the rated system power supply voltage, and the second voltage threshold is set to 85% of the rated external power supply voltage. These thresholds are based on the minimum power supply requirements for stable system operation, ensuring that a judgment is triggered only when a voltage drop affects system safety. The MCU compares the real-time output voltage value with the thresholds. Each set of data must simultaneously satisfy the conditions that the real-time system power supply voltage value is less than the first voltage threshold and the real-time external power supply voltage value is less than the second voltage threshold. When both thresholds are simultaneously met, a short circuit event is determined. The MCU statistically analyzes the determined short circuit events. If a suspected short circuit event meeting both threshold conditions appears in 3 sets of data within 10ms, it is officially recorded as a valid anomaly. At this time, the historical anomaly counter is automatically incremented by 1, and the updated counter value is synchronously stored in non-volatile memory to ensure that it is not lost after power failure. Subsequently, the MCU reads the updated counter value and executes the corresponding anomaly handling procedure. The dual-threshold collaborative judgment logic solves the problem of existing technologies that only monitor a single voltage and are prone to misjudging short circuits in non-short circuit scenarios, significantly reducing the false judgment rate. The threshold setting is linked to the voltage rating value, rather than a fixed value, making the solution adaptable to energy meters and integrated terminals with different rated voltages. Only the threshold ratio needs to be adjusted according to the terminal parameters, resulting in strong compatibility. The cumulative record of historical anomaly counters provides a quantitative basis for anomaly handling, enabling the system to determine the severity of the fault based on the cumulative frequency of anomalies. The hierarchical processing flow based on the count value achieves differentiated control, enabling rapid recovery from minor anomalies and complete isolation of severe anomalies. This ensures the stability of the core system functions while maximizing the availability of external modules.

[0040] Step S22 specifically includes the following steps: An external short circuit event is determined to have occurred when the real-time system power supply voltage is less than the first voltage threshold and the real-time external power supply voltage is less than the second voltage threshold.

[0041] Specifically, the core conditions for determining a short circuit are that the DC-DC output voltage (external module power supply) is lower than the second voltage threshold (e.g., set to 85% of the normal value) and the system power supply also experiences an abnormal drop (e.g., lower than 90% of the normal value). Only when both conditions are met simultaneously is it considered a valid short circuit event that is sufficient to affect the stability of the system, thereby effectively filtering out normal insertion / removal or startup shocks of external modules.

[0042] As one embodiment, in step S22, the backup power supply powers the MCU, and the backup power supply is used when the system power supply voltage is less than the first voltage threshold.

[0043] Specifically, throughout the entire protection process, regardless of system power fluctuations, the MCU relies on its multi-power supply architecture (main power supply + backup power supply) to ensure continuous operation, which is the foundation for the reliable execution of the protection logic. It can be understood that by fully utilizing the feature that the MCU can be powered by both the system power supply module and the backup power supply, it ensures that even if a short circuit causes a momentary drop in the system power supply module, the MCU itself can still operate normally and reliably execute the protection logic using the backup power supply.

[0044] Step S23 specifically includes the following steps: Step S231: If the total number of abnormal records recorded by the historical record counter is less than five, disconnect the DC-DC power supply module from the external power supply, restore the DC-DC power supply module to the external power supply after a preset time delay, and record the system fault in the MCU. Step S232: If the total number of abnormal records recorded by the historical record counter is greater than or equal to five, the DC-DC power supply module is permanently disconnected from the external power supply. The MCU records that a permanent fault has occurred in the system and issues a system warning signal.

[0045] Specifically, if the historical record counter records one total number of anomalies, the DC-DC power supply module is disconnected from the external power supply, the current event is determined to be a transient interference, and the DC-DC power supply module is restored to the external power supply after 10 seconds; if the historical record counter records two total number of anomalies, the DC-DC power supply module is disconnected from the external power supply, the current event is determined to be an intermittent fault, and the DC-DC power supply module is restored to the external power supply after 30 seconds; if the historical record counter records three total number of anomalies, the DC-DC power supply module is disconnected from the external power supply, the current event is determined to be an intermittent fault, and the DC-DC power supply module is restored to the external power supply after 60 seconds; if the historical record counter records four total number of anomalies, the DC-DC power supply module is disconnected from the external power supply, the current event is determined to be a serious fault, and the DC-DC power supply module is restored to the external power supply after 300 seconds; if the historical record counter records five or more total number of anomalies, it is determined to be a permanent fault or module damage, the DC-DC power supply module is permanently disconnected from the external power supply, the MCU records the permanent fault in the system and issues a system warning signal, stops supplying power to the external module, and awaits manual intervention.

[0046] It is understandable that when the MCU detects a short circuit in an external module through dual-channel monitoring, it controls the enable (EN) pin of the dedicated DC-DC chip via the GPIO port, putting it into a shutdown state. The shutdown time is intelligently adjusted based on the number of short circuits detected (e.g., 10 seconds for the first time, 30 seconds for the second, and so on). If consecutive short circuits exceed a threshold (e.g., 5 times), it is determined to be a permanent fault, permanently shutting down the system and generating an alarm signal. Based on the number of short circuits, the system implements a gradual shutdown and delayed recovery mechanism, intelligently distinguishing the nature of the fault, avoiding overreaction to transient faults, and effectively isolating and alarming persistent faults.

[0047] Secondly, see Figures 7-9 This invention discloses a DC-DC power control system 1 for a power meter fusion terminal, including the aforementioned DC-DC power control method for a power meter fusion terminal. It includes an MCU 11, a DC-DC power supply module 12, a system power supply module 13, and an external module 14. The MCU 11 is connected to the system power supply module 13 and the DC-DC power supply module 12. The system power supply module 13 is connected to the DC-DC power supply module 12. The DC-DC power supply module 12 is connected to the external module 14. The system power supply module 13 supplies power to the DC-DC power supply module 12 and the MCU 11. The DC-DC power supply module 12 supplies power to the external module 14.

[0048] Specifically, the system power supply module 13 consists of an electricity meter and a converged terminal, providing power to the entire system. The system power supply module 13 provides power to the core functional units of the terminal, primarily supplying power to the MCU 11, and also supplying power to the external module 14, which requires the DC-DC power supply module 12. The system power supply module 13 supplies power to both the DC-DC power supply module 12 and the MCU 11, while the DC-DC power supply module 12 supplies power to the external module 14. The MCU 11 simultaneously monitors the output voltage values ​​of both the DC-DC power supply module 12 and the system power supply module 13. By observing the simultaneous changes in both the external power supply output voltage value and the system power supply module 13 output voltage value, a short circuit event is detected in the system. This effectively filters out normal plugging / unplugging or startup impacts of the external module 14, ensuring the accuracy of short circuit identification, guaranteeing the stable operation of the main system, and preventing restarts.

[0049] As one embodiment, the system includes a backup power supply 15, which is electrically connected to the MCU 11. It is understood that by fully utilizing the characteristic that the MCU 11 can be powered by both the main power supply and the backup power supply 15 (such as a battery), it is ensured that even if a short circuit causes a momentary drop in the main power supply, the MCU 11 itself can still operate normally and reliably execute the protection logic relying on the backup power supply 15.

[0050] The DC-DC power supply module 12 includes a DC-DC control unit 121, an output terminal 122, and a control terminal 123. The DC-DC control unit 121 is connected to both the output terminal 122 and the control terminal 123. The control terminal 123 is connected to the signal output terminal 122 of the MCU 11, and the output terminal 122 is connected to the external module 14. The DC-DC control unit 121 uses a dedicated DC-DC chip. The control terminal 123 is connected to the enable terminal (EN) of the DC-DC control unit 121, and the output terminal 122 is connected to the FB terminal. When the MCU 11 detects a short circuit in the external module 14 through dual-channel monitoring, it controls the enable terminal of the DC-DC control unit 121 via the GPIO port, causing it to enter a shutdown state. The DC-DC control unit 121 then supplies power to the external module 14 through the output terminal 122.

[0051] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.

[0052] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0053] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0054] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0055] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0056] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. The illustrative expressions of the above terms in this specification should not be construed as necessarily referring to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification.

[0057] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Since these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

[0058] The above description describes specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, and these modifications or substitutions should all be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A DC-DC power supply control method for a power meter fusion terminal, characterized in that, include, When the system is powered on and initialized, the MCU monitors the output voltage of the system power supply module and the output voltage of the DC-DC power supply module in real time to obtain the output voltage value, which includes the system power supply voltage value and the external power supply voltage value. Real-time output voltage values ​​are collected within a preset time period. It is then checked whether the real-time output voltage value reaches a preset threshold. If the real-time output voltage value is lower than the preset threshold, it is judged as an abnormal situation. A historical abnormal situation counter records the total number of abnormal situations. Based on the number of abnormal situations recorded by the historical abnormal situation counter, the corresponding abnormal handling process is executed.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The following steps are then included: After an abnormal situation occurs, the MCU records the number of short circuit events, the time, and the cause in the abnormal situation in the memory and uploads it to the host computer.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, After the system is powered on and initialized, the MCU monitors the output voltage of the system power supply module and the output voltage of the DC-DC power supply module in real time to obtain the output voltage value, which includes the system power supply voltage value and the external power supply voltage value. The specific steps include: The MCU connects to the backup power supply, the system power supply module, and the DC-DC power supply module. The DC-DC power supply module connects to the system power supply module. The system powers on and initializes the system's historical anomaly counter. The MCU monitors the output voltage of the system power supply module and the output voltage of the DC-DC power supply module in real time to obtain the real-time system power supply voltage value and the real-time external power supply voltage value.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Real-time output voltage values ​​are collected within a preset time period. The system checks whether the real-time output voltage value reaches a preset threshold. If the real-time output voltage value is lower than the preset threshold, it is considered an abnormal situation. A historical abnormal situation counter records the total number of abnormal situations. Based on the number of abnormal situations recorded by the historical abnormal situation counter, the corresponding abnormal handling process is executed, specifically including the following steps: Within a preset time period, the MCU collects the system power supply voltage and the external power supply voltage several times to obtain the real-time output voltage value, which includes the real-time system power supply voltage and the real-time external power supply voltage. A first voltage threshold and a second voltage threshold are preset. The real-time system power supply voltage value is compared with the first voltage threshold and the real-time external power supply voltage value is compared with the second voltage threshold. Based on the comparison results, it is determined that an external short circuit event has occurred. The total number of short-circuit events is calculated within a preset time period. If the total number exceeds a preset threshold, it is recorded as an abnormal phenomenon. The historical abnormality counter records the total number of abnormalities. The corresponding abnormality handling process is executed based on the number of abnormalities recorded by the historical abnormality counter.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Determining the occurrence of an external short circuit based on the comparison results includes the following steps: An external short circuit event is determined to have occurred when the real-time system power supply voltage is less than the first voltage threshold and the real-time external power supply voltage is less than the second voltage threshold.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the number of historical anomalies, the corresponding exception handling process is executed, specifically including the following steps: If the historical record counter records less than five abnormal occurrences, disconnect the DC-DC power supply module from the external power source, restore the DC-DC power supply module to the external power source after a preset delay, and record a system fault on the MCU. If the historical record counter records a total number of abnormalities greater than or equal to five, the DC-DC power supply module will be permanently disconnected from the external power supply. The MCU will record that a permanent system fault has occurred and issue a system warning signal.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The backup power supply powers the MCU and is used when the system power supply voltage is less than the first voltage threshold.

8. A DC-DC power control system for a converged electricity meter terminal, comprising the DC-DC power control method for a converged electricity meter terminal as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, It includes an MCU, a DC-DC power supply module, a system power supply module, and an external module. The MCU is connected to the system power supply module and the DC-DC power supply module, the system power supply module is connected to the DC-DC power supply module, and the DC-DC power supply module is connected to the external module. The system power supply module provides power to both the DC-DC power supply module and the MCU, while the DC-DC power supply module provides power to external modules.

9. The system according to claim 8, characterized in that, This includes a backup power supply, which is electrically connected to the MCU.

10. The system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The DC-DC power supply module includes a DC-DC control unit, an output terminal, and a control terminal. The control terminal is connected to the signal output terminal of the MCU, and the output terminal is connected to an external module.

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