Processing technology of high-precision thin disc-shaped reed

Abstract

The invention discloses a machining process of a high-precision thin disc-shaped reed, which comprises a clamping tool and a machining method, the clamping tool comprises a base, a core shaft and a guide column, the base, the core shaft and the guide column are assembled in sequence and clamped on a machine tool chuck through the base, and a semi-finished disc-shaped reed to be machined is bonded on an annular conical surface of the core shaft to be fixed. Coaxial assembly of a semi-finished disc-shaped reed to be machined can be achieved through the guide column, and the machining precision is guaranteed during machining. According to the tool disclosed by the invention, the semi-finished product of the disc-shaped reed can be accurately clamped, and the disc-shaped reed can be tightly machined by a machine tool after being clamped, so that the thin disc-shaped reed can be machined, the precision of each machining size of the thin disc-shaped reed can be ensured, and the problem that the current punching standard part of the disc-shaped reed is difficult to apply in aviation products can be solved. The injection hole and the sol hole are formed in the mandrel of the tool, so that the thin disc-shaped reed is easy to fall off quickly after being machined, and the operation efficiency of continuous machining is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of disc spring processing technology, and in particular to a high-precision thin disc spring processing technology. Background Technology

[0002] Disc springs are a common type of fastener used in mechanical fasteners, typically formed by stamping and approximately 1 mm thick. They are also widely used in aerospace products; for example, disc springs serve as the "precision joints" of microwave switches, a key component for achieving proper switching.

[0003] Microwave switches for aerospace applications are core products of satellite payloads. Their main function is to drive a stepper motor to rotate via pulse command signals, thereby switching the radio frequency (RF) channels of the rotating shaft and enabling the switching and transmission of RF signals. The main function of the disc spring in the microwave switch is to provide stable and reliable elastic force within a small axial space, ensuring the normal switching of the microwave switch shaft. The raw material for the disc spring is beryllium bronze rod, which requires solution aging treatment after processing, with a hardness requirement of HV300~330. To ensure high precision, high strength, and long fatigue life during microwave switch operation, the thickness of the disc spring must be 0.25±0.03mm, and the height must be 1.6±0.02mm. However, the thickness of disc springs produced by conventional standard stamping cannot meet these requirements, and the stamping process cannot effectively guarantee the dimensional accuracy of the disc spring, such as the roundness with the central hole, thickness consistency, and consistency of the inner and outer conical surfaces, easily leading to dimensional deviations. Therefore, this application proposes a machining fixture and method for thin disc springs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention aims to provide a high-precision processing technology for thin disc springs. This technology utilizes tooling to achieve high-precision mechanical processing of semi-finished disc springs, enabling the formation of thin disc springs, solving dimensional deviation problems, and ensuring the uniformity of thickness and other required processing accuracy of the thin disc springs, thus enabling their application in aerospace products.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a processing technology for high-precision thin disc spring sheets, including clamping fixtures and processing methods, wherein the clamping fixtures include a base, a mandrel, and a guide post; The base is a cylindrical stepped rod structure, including a first rod segment and a second rod segment, and a first inner circular groove is formed on the second rod segment; The mandrel has a cylindrical stepped structure, including a first stage and a second stage. The outer diameter of the first stage is adapted to the inner diameter of the first inner groove. After the first stage is embedded in the first inner groove, the second stage abuts against the end face of the second rod segment. The mandrel has a second inner groove coaxially formed, and a through hole and a threaded hole are coaxially formed at the center of the second inner groove and the center of the base. A screw passes through the through hole and connects to the threaded hole to fix the mandrel and the base coaxially. The end face of the second stage is coaxially provided with an annular conical surface that is adapted to the inner conical surface of the disc spring, and the annular conical surface is connected to the second inner circular groove; an injection hole is radially opened on the inner side of the annular conical surface, and a sol hole communicating with the injection hole is opened on the annular conical surface; The guide post has a cylindrical stepped structure, including an embedding section, a limiting section and a gripping section. The outer diameter of the embedding section is adapted to the inner diameter of the second inner circular groove and the inner diameter of the disc-shaped spring. The processing technology includes the following steps: S1. The beryllium bronze rod is clamped on a machine tool to process a disc-shaped spring semi-finished product, and the inner conical surface and inner and outer diameters of the disc-shaped spring semi-finished product have reached the standard of the finished disc-shaped spring. S2. The first rod section of the base is clamped on the machine tool chuck and axial positioning is achieved by the side wall of the second rod section abutting against the machine tool chuck. S3. The disc spring semi-finished product is sleeved on the embedded section of the guide post, and glue is applied to the inner conical surface of the disc spring semi-finished product. Then, the holding section is held to embed the embedded section into the second inner circular groove, and the inner conical surface of the disc spring semi-finished product is coaxially pressed against the annular conical surface by the limiting section. S4. After the glue has cured, disassemble the guide post in the reverse direction, and then machine the outer surface of the disc spring semi-finished product to the finished product thickness. S5. After processing, the solvent is injected through the injection hole using a syringe and flows out of the solvent hole to dissolve the cured adhesive. The thin disc spring can then be removed and cleaned to obtain a high-precision thin disc spring finished product. S6. Repeat steps S3 to S5 to complete the processing of the next disc reed semi-finished product.

[0006] Preferably, the embedded section and the second inner circular groove have a tapered fit structure to improve the coaxiality of the embedded section and the second inner circular groove, thereby improving the coaxiality of the disc spring semi-finished product clamping.

[0007] Preferably, the injection holes are arranged in multiple circumferentially, and the sol holes are evenly distributed on the annular conical surface, and are respectively located near the outer edge, the middle and near the inner diameter edge of the annular conical surface.

[0008] Preferably, the sol hole is obliquely arranged, such that the outlet of the sol hole is close to the center of the annular conical surface, and the inlet communicating with the injection hole is far away from the center of the annular conical surface.

[0009] Preferably, a rubber plug is embedded in the port of the injection hole, and a pinhole is provided in the center of the rubber plug.

[0010] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. By positioning and aligning the guide post and bonding and fixing the disc spring to the conical surface of the mandrel, the disc spring is precisely clamped, ensuring full and uniform contact between the inner conical surface of the disc spring and the conical surface of the mandrel. This improves the machining accuracy, solves the problems of uneven thickness and out-of-tolerance dimensions of existing disc springs, and meets the precision requirements of aerospace products for disc springs.

[0011] 2. Injection holes and solvent holes are provided on the mandrel of the tooling, so that the disc spring can be quickly removed after processing and used to clamp the next disc spring semi-finished product, which improves production efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the base of the present invention.

[0013] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the mandrel of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the guide post of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 4 This is an assembly diagram of the guide post, disc spring semi-finished product, and mandrel of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 5 This diagram shows the processing state of the disc spring semi-finished product using the tooling of this invention.

[0017] Figure 6 This is a diagram showing the tapered fit between the guide post and the mandrel in this invention.

[0018] Figure 7 The diagram shows the injection holes and sol holes provided on the mandrel in this invention.

[0019] Figure 8 This is a circumferential distribution diagram of the injection holes and sol holes of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 9 The figure shows the method of sealing and injecting the solvent using a syringe and a rubber stopper, as described in this invention.

[0021] In the diagram: 1-base; 11-first rod segment; 12-second rod segment; 1a-first inner groove; 2-mandrel; 21-first stage; 22-second stage; 2a-second inner groove; 2b-annular conical surface; 2c-injection hole; 2d-sol hole; b-through hole; c-threaded hole; 3-guide post; 31-embedded section; 32-limiting section; 33-gripping section; 4-waist pad; 5-screw; 6-rubber plug; 6a-pin hole; 7-needle; 8-disc spring semi-finished product. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0023] See attached document Figures 1-9 The process for manufacturing a high-precision thin disc spring includes a clamping fixture and a machining process. The clamping fixture includes a base 1, a mandrel 2, and a guide post 3, all preferably made of HPb59-1 copper. The base 1 is a cylindrical stepped rod structure, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes a first rod segment 11 and a second rod segment 12. The first rod segment 11 can be clamped on the machine tool chuck, and the axial positioning of the base 1 is achieved by the side wall of the second rod segment 12 abutting against the machine tool chuck. A first inner circular groove 1a is provided on the second rod segment 12 for assembling the mandrel 2.

[0024] like Figure 2 As shown, the mandrel 2 has a cylindrical stepped structure, including a first stage 21 and a second stage 22. The outer diameter of the first stage 21 is adapted to the inner diameter of the first inner circular groove 1a. After the first stage 21 is embedded into the first inner circular groove 1a, the second stage 22 abuts against the end face of the second rod segment 12. After the mandrel 2 is embedded into the first inner circular groove 1a of the base 1 through the first stage 21, the coaxial assembly of the mandrel 2 and the base 1 is achieved by using a clearance fit. At the same time, the coaxial positioning of the mandrel 2 and the base 1 is achieved by the side wall of the second stage 22 abutting against the outer wall of the first rod segment 11.

[0025] like Figure 2 As shown, a second inner circular groove 2a is coaxially formed on the mandrel 2, and a through hole b and a threaded hole c are coaxially formed at the center of the second inner circular groove 2a and the center of the base 1. The mandrel 2 is coaxially connected to the base 1 through the through hole b via a screw 5. The through hole b on the mandrel 2 is a conventional circular hole structure used to pass through the rod body of the screw 5, while the through hole b on the base 1 is a threaded hole structure used to connect and fix the mandrel 2 to the base 1 via a threaded connection with the screw 5. Figure 5 As shown. The head of the screw 5 is located in the second inner circular groove 2a, and a washer 4 is fitted on the screw 5.

[0026] After the coaxial assembly of the mandrel 2 and the base 1 is completed as described above, as follows: Figure 2As shown, the end face of the second stage 22 is coaxially provided with an annular conical surface 2b that matches the inner conical surface of the disc spring, and the annular conical surface 2b is connected to the second inner circular groove 2a. The semi-finished disc spring 8 to be processed is in contact with the annular conical surface 2b. The annular conical surface 2b is flush with the inner conical surface of the semi-finished disc spring 8 to be processed, as shown... Figure 5 As shown, in the subsequent outer surface processing, the disc spring semi-finished product 8 is supported to fit the shape, so that its outer surface can be processed by external force, and then its outer surface can be processed to form a thin disc spring.

[0027] In order to fix the disc spring semi-finished product on the annular conical surface 2b so that the guide post 3 can be removed and its outer surface can be processed, this application coats the inner surface of the disc spring semi-finished product 8 with adhesive, and presses it onto the annular conical surface 2b by the limiting section 32 of the guide post 3. After the adhesive has cured, the guide post 3 is removed, and the base 1 is clamped on the machine tool chuck through the first rod section 11. The outer surface of the disc spring semi-finished product can then be finely processed into a thin disc spring by the tool.

[0028] The disc spring semi-finished product 8 needs to resist external processing forces during processing. Therefore, it is firmly bonded to the annular conical surface 2b with adhesive. After processing, the disc spring is thinned (approximately 0.25mm thick). Therefore, it cannot be disassembled by external force after processing; it can be disassembled by dissolving it with a solvent (such as acetone). However, the solvent can only gradually penetrate from the outer edge of the disc spring inward, making the dissolving process relatively long. Therefore, to accelerate the dissolving process and improve continuous processing efficiency, such as... Figure 7 As shown, an injection hole 2c is radially formed on the inner side of the annular conical surface 2b, and a solvent hole 2d is formed on the annular conical surface 2b that communicates with the injection hole 2c. Solvent is injected through the injection hole 2c and can contact the adhesive inside the disc spring through the solvent hole 2d. Therefore, the dissolution of the adhesive can be effectively accelerated, improving the efficiency of disassembly and continuous processing.

[0029] To ensure the coaxial contact between the disc spring semi-finished product and the annular conical surface 2b, and thus guarantee machining accuracy, such as Figure 3 As shown, the guide post 3 also has a cylindrical stepped structure, including an embedding section 31, a limiting section 32, and a holding section 33. The outer diameter of the embedding section 31 is adapted to the inner diameter of the second inner circular groove 2a and the disc-shaped spring semi-finished product 8, and when the embedding section 31 is embedded into the second inner circular groove 2a, as... Figure 4 As shown, the limiting segment 32 coaxially presses the thin disc spring against the annular conical surface 2b. The disc spring semi-finished product is first sleeved on the embedding segment 31 of the guide post 3 to achieve coaxiality between the two. Then, the embedding segment 31 is embedded into the second inner circular groove 2a, so that the guide post 3 and the mandrel 2 are coaxial, and finally the disc spring semi-finished product is coaxial with the rotation center of the machine tool chuck.

[0030] The processing method includes the following steps: S1. The beryllium bronze rod is clamped on a machine tool to process a disc-shaped spring semi-finished product 8, and the inner conical surface (the contact surface with the annular conical surface 2b) and inner and outer diameters of the disc-shaped spring semi-finished product 8 have reached the standard of the finished disc-shaped spring.

[0031] S2. The first rod segment 11 of the base 1 is clamped on the machine tool chuck and axial positioning is achieved by the side wall of the second rod segment 12 abutting against the machine tool chuck.

[0032] S3. The disc spring semi-finished product 8 is sleeved on the embedded section 31 of the guide post 3 through the hole therein, and glue is applied to the inner conical surface of the disc spring semi-finished product 8. Then, the holding section 33 is held to embed the embedded section 31 into the second inner circular groove 2a, and the disc spring semi-finished product 8 is coaxially pressed against the annular conical surface 2b by the limiting section 32.

[0033] S4. After the glue has cured, disassemble the guide post 3 in the reverse direction, and then machine the outer surface of the disc spring semi-finished product to the finished thickness.

[0034] S5. After processing, the sol solution is injected into the injection hole 2c through the needle 7 of the syringe, and then the sol solution is dissolved by contacting the adhesive through the injection hole 2c and the sol hole 2d. Finally, the thin disc spring sheet is removed and cleaned to obtain the high-precision thin disc spring sheet finished product.

[0035] S6. Repeat steps S3 to S5 to complete the processing of the next disc reed semi-finished product.

[0036] To further eliminate the influence of the embedding gap between the guide post 3's embedded section 31 and the second inner groove 2a of the spindle 2 on the machining accuracy of the disc spring, such as Figure 6 As shown, the embedding section 31 and the second inner circular groove 2a have a tapered fit structure. This tapered fit structure allows the circumferential surface of the embedding section 31 to be coaxially attached to the inner surface of the second inner circular groove 2a during the gradual embedding process, thereby effectively eliminating the influence of the fit gap between the embedding section 31 and the second inner circular groove 2a on the machining accuracy of the disc spring. At the same time, the tapered structure of the embedding section 31 also facilitates coaxial contact with the central hole of the disc spring semi-finished product 8, thereby improving the machining accuracy of the disc spring on the basis of improving the coaxial assembly accuracy. As for the base 1 and the spindle 2, since they are fixedly connected by the screw 5, the coaxial accuracy of the two can be adjusted during the connection process, and the first stage 21 and the first inner circular groove 1a can also be set as a tapered fit structure.

[0037] To further improve the dissolution rate, such as Figure 8As shown, multiple injection holes 2c are arranged circumferentially, and multiple solvent holes 2d are evenly distributed on the annular conical surface 2b, located near the outer edge, the middle, and near the inner diameter edge of the annular conical surface 2b, respectively. Solvent is injected into multiple circumferential holes, with simultaneous entry from three holes and contact with the adhesive, allowing for synchronous dissolution of the adhesive at its outer, middle, and inner parts, thus accelerating the solvent dissolution rate. The adjacent injection holes 2c ensure that the annular bonding surface remains integrally connected to the second stage 22, guaranteeing the supporting strength of the annular conical surface 2b during the processing of the disc spring semi-finished product.

[0038] To accelerate the inflow of the solvent, such as Figure 7 As shown, the sol hole 2d is angled, with its outlet close to the center of the annular conical surface 2b and its inlet, which communicates with the injection hole 2c, far from the center of the annular conical surface 2b. When injecting adhesive into each injection hole 2c, the current injection hole 2c is positioned vertically with its port facing upwards. After the solvent is injected, it can quickly flow along the inclined sol hole 2d to the annular conical surface 2b to contact and dissolve the adhesive layer. Then, the machine tool chuck rotates to make the next injection hole 2c vertical and inject solvent again, completing the solvent injection of multiple injection holes 2c.

[0039] To further enhance the injection effect of the sol, such as Figure 9 As shown, a rubber stopper 6 is embedded in the sealed end of the injection hole 2c, and a pinhole 6a is formed in the center of the rubber stopper 6. The solvent can be injected using a syringe. The needle 7 of the syringe is inserted into the injection hole 2c through the pinhole 6a of the rubber stopper 6, and the syringe stopper is squeezed to forcefully inject the solvent. This further accelerates the contact and dissolution of the solvent with the adhesive. Simultaneously, the injection pressure causes the dissolved disc spring to actively detach from the annular conical surface 2b, assisting in the detachment of the disc spring. Furthermore, when performing injection into the next injection hole 2c, after the syringe is withdrawn, the rubber stopper 6 automatically seals its pinhole 6a, preventing the injected solvent from flowing out after the injection hole 2c is rotated.

[0040] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the present invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A processing technology for high-precision thin disc springs, characterized in that: The invention includes a clamping fixture and a processing method, wherein the clamping fixture includes a base, a mandrel, and a guide post; The base is a cylindrical stepped rod structure, including a first rod segment and a second rod segment, and a first inner circular groove is formed on the second rod segment; The mandrel has a cylindrical stepped structure, including a first stage and a second stage. The outer diameter of the first stage is adapted to the inner diameter of the first inner groove. After the first stage is embedded in the first inner groove, the second stage abuts against the end face of the second rod segment. The mandrel has a second inner groove coaxially formed, and a through hole and a threaded hole are coaxially formed at the center of the second inner groove and the center of the base. A screw passes through the through hole and connects to the threaded hole to fix the mandrel and the base coaxially. The end face of the second stage is coaxially provided with an annular conical surface that is adapted to the inner conical surface of the disc spring, and the annular conical surface is connected to the second inner circular groove; an injection hole is radially opened on the inner side of the annular conical surface, and a sol hole communicating with the injection hole is opened on the annular conical surface; The guide post has a cylindrical stepped structure, including an embedding section, a limiting section and a gripping section. The outer diameter of the embedding section is adapted to the inner diameter of the second inner circular groove and the inner diameter of the disc-shaped spring. The processing technology includes the following steps: S1. The beryllium bronze rod is clamped on a machine tool to process a disc-shaped spring semi-finished product, and the inner cone surface and inner and outer diameters of the disc-shaped spring semi-finished product have reached the standard of the finished disc-shaped spring. S2. The first rod section of the base is clamped on the machine tool chuck and axial positioning is achieved by the side wall of the second rod section abutting against the machine tool chuck. S3. The disc spring semi-finished product is sleeved on the embedded section of the guide post, and glue is applied to the inner conical surface of the disc spring semi-finished product. Then, the holding section is held to embed the embedded section into the second inner circular groove, and the inner conical surface of the disc spring semi-finished product is coaxially pressed against the annular conical surface by the limiting section. S4. After the glue has cured, disassemble the guide post in the reverse direction, and then machine the outer surface of the disc spring semi-finished product to the finished product thickness. S5. After processing, the solvent is injected through the injection hole using a syringe and flows out of the solvent hole to dissolve the cured adhesive. The thin disc spring can then be removed and cleaned to obtain a high-precision thin disc spring finished product. S6. Repeat steps S3 to S5 to complete the processing of the next disc reed semi-finished product.

2. The processing technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The embedded section and the second inner circular groove have a tapered fit structure to improve the coaxiality of the embedded section and the second inner circular groove, thereby improving the coaxiality of the disc spring semi-finished product clamping.

3. The processing technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The injection holes are arranged in multiple circumferentially, and the sol holes are evenly distributed on the annular conical surface, and are respectively located near the outer edge, the middle and near the inner diameter edge of the annular conical surface.

4. The processing technology according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sol orifice is angled so that the outlet of the sol orifice is close to the center of the annular conical surface, and the inlet communicating with the injection hole is far away from the center of the annular conical surface.

5. The processing technology according to claim 3, characterized in that: The injection port is sealed with a rubber plug, and the rubber plug has a pinhole in the center.

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