Separation method and system of rare earth byproduct fluorine-containing mixed acid

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and a system for separating a rare earth byproduct fluorine-containing mixed acid, and relates to the technical field of electrochemical separation, the method comprises the following steps: determining a cathode and anode loop of a fluorine-containing mixed acid electrochemical separation device, arranging a TVS transient voltage suppression circuit in the loop in parallel, monitoring an electrode transient fluctuation signal through the circuit, and determining a TVS transient fluctuation signal according to the TVS transient fluctuation signal; and the signal is transmitted to the separation feedback control unit for potential difference prediction, predicted potential difference distribution is obtained, and when the predicted potential difference distribution does not meet expected distribution, the separation feedback control unit optimizes the electrochemical separation parameters according to the expected distribution and outputs the optimized electrochemical separation parameters. The technical problems of low separation efficiency and unstable process caused by electrode transient fluctuation and unstable potential difference in the existing electrochemical separation process are solved, and the technical effects of improving the stability and separation efficiency of the electrochemical separation process by monitoring and inhibiting electrode transient fluctuation signals and optimizing potential difference distribution are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electrochemical separation technology, specifically to a method and system for separating rare earth by-product fluorine-containing mixed acids. Background Technology

[0002] Rare earth byproduct fluorine-containing mixed acids are complex mixed acid systems containing various valuable components, such as rare earth elements and fluorine. Traditional separation methods mostly rely on physicochemical approaches, but when processing high-concentration, complex fluorine-containing mixed acids, problems such as unstable electrochemical separation and low separation efficiency arise. Electrochemical separation, as a green and energy-saving separation technology, has advantages such as simple operation and environmental friendliness; however, in practical applications, transient fluctuations in the electrodes during the separation process often lead to unstable separation results. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a method and system for separating rare earth by-product fluorine-containing mixed acids, which solves the technical problems of low separation efficiency and process instability caused by electrode transient fluctuations and unstable potential differences in the existing electrochemical separation process.

[0004] The first aspect of this application provides a method for separating rare earth by-product fluorine-containing mixed acid. The method includes: determining the cathode circuit and the anode circuit of an electrochemical separation device for the fluorine-containing mixed acid; setting a TVS transient voltage suppression circuit in parallel with the cathode circuit and the anode circuit respectively; using the TVS transient voltage suppression circuit to monitor the electrode transient fluctuation signal during the separation process of the rare earth by-product fluorine-containing mixed acid; sending the electrode transient fluctuation signal to a separation feedback control unit; using the separation feedback control unit to predict the potential difference and obtain a predicted potential difference distribution; when the predicted potential difference distribution does not meet the desired distribution, the separation feedback control unit optimizes the current electrochemical separation parameters with the desired distribution as the optimization target and outputs optimized electrochemical separation parameters, wherein the optimized electrochemical separation parameters include optimized cathode current density and optimized cathode current density.

[0005] A second aspect of this application provides a separation system for rare earth by-product fluorine-containing mixed acid, the system comprising: a transient voltage suppression circuit setting module, used to determine the cathode circuit and anode circuit of the electrochemical separation device for the fluorine-containing mixed acid, and to set a TVS transient voltage suppression circuit in parallel in the cathode circuit and anode circuit respectively; a potential difference prediction module, used to monitor the electrode transient fluctuation signal during the separation process of rare earth by-product fluorine-containing mixed acid using the TVS transient voltage suppression circuit, send the electrode transient fluctuation signal to the separation feedback control unit, and use the separation feedback control unit to predict the potential difference and obtain the predicted potential difference distribution; and an electrochemical separation parameter optimization module, used to optimize the current electrochemical separation parameters by the separation feedback control unit with the desired distribution as the optimization target when the predicted potential difference distribution does not meet the desired distribution, and output optimized electrochemical separation parameters, wherein the optimized electrochemical separation parameters include optimized cathode current density and optimized cathode current density.

[0006] One or more technical solutions provided in this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0007] This application provides a method and system for separating rare earth by-product fluorine-containing mixed acid, which relates to the field of electrochemical separation technology. By connecting a TVS transient voltage suppression circuit in parallel in the cathode and anode circuits of the fluorine-containing mixed acid electrochemical separation device, the transient fluctuation signal of the electrode is monitored and transmitted to the separation feedback control unit. Based on the potential difference prediction result, the electrochemical separation parameters are optimized to ensure the stability of the potential difference during the electrochemical separation process. This solves the technical problems of low separation efficiency and process instability caused by transient fluctuations of the electrode and unstable potential difference in the existing electrochemical separation process. It achieves the technical effect of improving the stability and separation efficiency of the electrochemical separation process by monitoring and suppressing transient fluctuation signals of the electrode and optimizing the potential difference distribution. Attached Figure Description

[0008] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0009] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a method for separating rare earth by-product fluorine-containing mixed acid, provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0010] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a separation system for rare earth by-product fluorine-containing mixed acid, provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0011] Figure labeling: Transient voltage suppression circuit setting module 11, potential difference prediction module 12, electrochemical separation parameter optimization module 13. Detailed Implementation

[0012] This application provides a method and system for separating rare earth by-product fluorine-containing mixed acids, which solves the technical problems of low separation efficiency and process instability caused by electrode transient fluctuations and unstable potential differences in the existing electrochemical separation process.

[0013] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0014] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or server that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or modules not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or devices.

[0015] Example 1, as Figure 1 As shown, this application provides a method for separating rare earth by-product fluorine-containing mixed acid, the method comprising:

[0016] P10: Define the cathode and anode circuits of the electrochemical separation device for fluorinated mixed acid, and connect TVS transient voltage suppression circuits in parallel to the cathode and anode circuits respectively. The cathode and anode of the electrochemical separation device for fluorinated mixed acid include titanium-based MMO coatings.

[0017] Furthermore, the TVS transient voltage suppression circuit includes a clamping voltage. When configuring the clamping voltage, step P30 in this embodiment further includes:

[0018] P11: Collect historical separation monitoring data samples of the electrochemical separation device for fluorinated mixed acid; P12: Extract the operating voltage of the electrochemical separation device for fluorinated mixed acid and the electrode withstand voltage of the electrochemical separation device for fluorinated mixed acid from the historical separation monitoring data samples; P13: Configure the clamping voltage using the operating voltage and the electrode withstand voltage.

[0019] It should be understood that the cathode and anode circuits of the electrochemical separation device for fluorinated mixed acids must first be determined. The cathode and anode of this device employ a titanium-based MMO coating, chosen for its excellent electrochemical stability and corrosion resistance, which significantly improves electrode lifespan and separation efficiency. To further enhance the stability and reliability of the electrochemical separation device, TVS transient voltage suppression circuits are connected in parallel in both the cathode and anode circuits. A TVS transient voltage suppression circuit is a device used to protect the circuit from transient voltage surges; its core function is to limit transient voltage fluctuations in the circuit through clamping voltage. Clamping voltage refers to the ability of the TVS circuit to quickly clamp the voltage below a set value when it detects a transient voltage exceeding that value, thereby protecting the circuit from damage caused by excessive voltage. In this application, the clamping voltage configuration is not a fixed value but is based on historical separation monitoring data samples of the fluorinated mixed acid electrochemical separation device to ensure it can adapt to voltage fluctuations during actual operation.

[0020] Specifically, this section can further describe how to optimize the electrochemical separation process by adjusting the clamping voltage. First, high-precision data acquisition equipment, such as voltmeters, ammeters, and temperature sensors, is used to collect historical separation monitoring data samples generated during the actual operation of the electrochemical separation device for fluorinated mixed acids. These data samples include the operating state parameters of the electrochemical separation device at different time points, such as current, voltage, current density, and separation efficiency, providing historical evidence and data support for voltage adjustment and parameter optimization during the separation process.

[0021] Next, the collected historical separation monitoring data samples are preprocessed, including data cleaning and noise reduction. The operating voltage of the electrochemical separation device during normal operation is then extracted from the preprocessed data. The operating voltage refers to the average voltage level of the electrochemical separation device during stable operation, which can be obtained through statistical analysis of voltage data over a period of time. Electrode withstand voltage refers to the highest voltage that the electrode can withstand without damage. This can be obtained by analyzing the voltage data of the electrode under extreme operating conditions or by referring to the withstand voltage standards of the electrode material.

[0022] Finally, the clamping voltage is calculated based on the extracted operating voltage and electrode withstand voltage. The clamping voltage should be higher than the operating voltage but lower than the electrode withstand voltage to ensure that the electrochemical separation device is not affected by transient voltages during normal operation, while also avoiding damage to the electrodes due to excessively high clamping voltage. For example, the specific calculation formula is that the clamping voltage equals the operating voltage plus a safety margin, which is typically taken as 10% to 20% of the operating voltage. A reasonable clamping voltage can effectively prevent damage to the electrodes from excessive voltage, while ensuring the operating efficiency and stability of the electrochemical separation device.

[0023] P20: The transient voltage suppression circuit of the TVS is used to monitor the electrode transient fluctuation signal during the separation process of rare earth by-product fluorine-containing mixed acid. The electrode transient fluctuation signal is sent to the separation feedback control unit. The separation feedback control unit is used to predict the potential difference and obtain the predicted potential difference distribution.

[0024] Furthermore, in monitoring the transient fluctuation signal of the electrode during the separation process of rare earth by-product fluorine-containing mixed acid, step P20 of this application embodiment also includes:

[0025] P21: Continuously monitor the mode discharge current signal triggered by the TVS transient voltage suppression circuit to trigger the TVS transient conduction event; P22: Perform analog-to-digital conversion on the mode discharge current signal to obtain a digital discharge current signal, and output the digital discharge current signal as the electrode transient fluctuation signal.

[0026] Optionally, a TVS transient voltage suppression circuit can be used to monitor the electrode transient fluctuation signals during the separation process of rare earth by-product fluorine-containing mixed acid. These transient fluctuation signals may be caused by factors such as concentration polarization, bubble generation and detachment, and side reactions, which can lead to a decrease in the stability of the electrochemical separation process and thus affect the separation efficiency. Therefore, monitoring the electrode transient fluctuation signals can capture the unstable factors in the separation process in real time, providing a basis for subsequent optimization control.

[0027] Specifically, transient fluctuation signals at the electrodes can be captured by a TVS transient voltage suppression circuit. The main function of the TVS circuit is to suppress instability caused by voltage transient fluctuations during electrochemical separation, effectively clamping overvoltage events and protecting the electrochemical device from damage caused by transient voltages. Simultaneously, the TVS circuit collects transient fluctuation signals generated on the electrode surface and transmits them to the separation feedback control unit, which is then used for potential difference prediction and adjustment. This potential difference prediction ensures a stable potential difference is maintained at the interface between rare earth deposition and fluorine migration.

[0028] Firstly, in the electrochemical separation device for fluorinated mixed acids, a TVS transient voltage suppression circuit is connected in parallel in both the cathode and anode circuits. During the separation process, the circuit continuously monitors the modal discharge current signal triggered by the TVS transient voltage suppression circuit's TVS transient conduction event. Therefore, a high-precision current sensor needs to be installed on the discharge path of the TVS transient voltage suppression circuit to monitor the modal discharge current signal in real time, including key parameters such as the current peak value, duration, and frequency. This provides crucial information for subsequent potential difference prediction and optimization.

[0029] Next, the acquired modal discharge current signal undergoes analog-to-digital conversion to transform it into a digital discharge current signal. To do this, the acquired modal discharge current signal can be input into an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) to convert the analog signal into a digital discharge current signal. The processed digital discharge current signal is stored in a data storage module. This data will serve as input to the electrode transient fluctuation signal, used for potential difference prediction in the separation feedback control unit. The stored data should include information such as time series and current values.

[0030] Finally, the processed digital discharge current signal is output to the separation feedback control unit. After receiving the digital discharge current signal, the separation feedback control unit can use these signals to predict the potential difference, thereby understanding the transient fluctuations of the electrodes during the electrochemical separation process, predicting the potential difference distribution, and ensuring that the rare earth deposition and fluorine migration interface maintains a stable potential difference.

[0031] Furthermore, the potential difference is predicted using the separated feedback control unit to obtain the predicted potential difference distribution. In this embodiment, step P20 further includes:

[0032] P23: Collect key features of the transient fluctuation signal of the electrode, including the number of transient conduction events triggered, the duration of transient conduction events, the trigger frequency of transient conduction events, the peak voltage distribution of the signal, and the Fourier time-frequency distribution; P24: Synchronously collect the separation environment state data under the corresponding synchronous timing of the transient fluctuation signal of the electrode; P25: Input the key features of the transient fluctuation signal of the electrode and the separation environment state data into the pre-trained potential difference prediction model in the separation feedback control unit to predict the potential difference and obtain the predicted potential difference distribution.

[0033] Specifically, the process of predicting the potential difference using a separate feedback control unit can be further refined, and the predicted potential difference distribution can be obtained. After monitoring the transient fluctuation signals of the electrodes during the separation process of rare earth by-product fluorine-containing mixed acid, it is first necessary to collect the key characteristics of these signals, including the number of transient conduction events, the duration of transient conduction events, the trigger frequency of transient conduction events, the peak voltage distribution of the signal, and the Fourier time-frequency distribution. These characteristics can comprehensively reflect the characteristics of the electrode transient fluctuation signals, providing an important basis for subsequent potential difference prediction. Among them, the number of transient conduction events triggered refers to the number of times the TVS circuit triggers transient voltage conduction events within a certain time period, which can be obtained by statistically analyzing the occurrence of TVS transient conduction events within a certain time period; the duration of transient conduction events refers to the duration during which the voltage suppression circuit remains on when each transient conduction event occurs, which can be determined by measuring the duration of each TVS transient conduction event; the trigger frequency of transient conduction events refers to the frequency at which transient conduction events occur, which can be obtained by calculating the number of TVS transient conduction events occurring per unit time; the peak voltage distribution of the signal refers to the peak voltage of the transient voltage fluctuation, which can be obtained by statistically analyzing the peak voltage of the electrode transient fluctuation signal; the Fourier time-frequency distribution reflects the energy distribution of the signal at different frequencies, which can be obtained by performing a Fourier transform on the electrode transient fluctuation signal.

[0034] Simultaneously, it is also necessary to collect separation environment status data corresponding to the synchronous timing of the electrode transient fluctuation signals, including but not limited to parameters such as temperature, pressure, and solution concentration in the separation device. This data provides the operating status and environmental background of the electrochemical separation device, helping to predict changes in potential difference. By combining this data with the characteristics of the electrode transient fluctuation signals, a more comprehensive understanding of the changes in the electrochemical process can be achieved. For example, changes in temperature may affect the rate and direction of the electrochemical reaction, thus leading to changes in the electrode transient fluctuation signals; changes in solution concentration may affect the migration rate of ions and the extent of the electrode reaction, thereby affecting the electrode transient fluctuation signals.

[0035] Finally, the key features of the acquired electrode transient fluctuation signals and the separation environment state data are input into the pre-trained potential difference prediction model in the separation feedback control unit to predict the potential difference distribution. This potential difference prediction model, pre-trained based on a large amount of historical data and machine learning algorithms, can accurately predict the potential difference distribution at the rare earth deposition and fluorine migration interface during electrochemical separation based on the key features of the input electrode transient fluctuation signals and the separation environment state data. In this way, the feedback control unit can predict the potential difference in real time and compare it with the target potential difference distribution to determine whether the current electrochemical separation process is in an optimal state. If the predicted potential difference distribution deviates from the expectation, the separation feedback control unit can adjust the separation process parameters, such as current density and operating voltage, based on the predicted potential difference results, thereby maintaining a stable potential difference at the rare earth deposition and fluorine migration interface and ensuring the high efficiency and stability of the electrochemical separation process.

[0036] Furthermore, to train the potential difference prediction model, step P20 in this embodiment of the application further includes:

[0037] P25-1: Construct a training dataset, which includes electrode transient fluctuation signal samples, separated environmental state data samples, and actual measured potential difference distribution samples. P25-2: Construct a multimodal fusion prediction network, which includes transient signal feature channels, environmental parameter feature channels, and a feature fusion module. The transient signal feature channels in the multimodal fusion prediction network are used to extract key feature samples from the electrode transient fluctuation signal samples, and the environmental parameter feature channels are used to extract environmental parameter feature samples from the separated environmental state data samples. The feature fusion module is used to fuse the key feature samples and the environmental parameter feature samples to predict the potential difference, outputting a predicted potential difference distribution sample. P25-3: Use the training dataset to train and predict the multimodal fusion prediction network until the error between the predicted potential difference distribution sample and the actual measured potential difference distribution sample is less than a preset error threshold, outputting a converged potential difference prediction model.

[0038] In one possible embodiment of this application, to train the potential difference prediction model, a training dataset is first constructed. This training dataset comprises three main parts: electrode transient fluctuation signal samples, separation environment state data samples, and actual measured potential difference distribution samples. First, electrode transient fluctuation signal samples need to be collected. These samples can be obtained from the actual electrochemical separation process and cover signal changes under different operating conditions, such as the number of transient conduction events triggered, their duration, trigger frequency, peak voltage distribution, and Fourier time-frequency distribution, among other key features. Simultaneously, separation environment state data samples are collected, including separation environment state data recorded synchronously during the collection of electrode transient fluctuation signals, such as parameters like temperature, pressure, and solution concentration in the separation device. Furthermore, actual measured potential difference distribution samples need to be collected. These samples can be measured during the actual separation process using high-precision potential difference measurement equipment and can serve as target values ​​in the training dataset for supervised learning.

[0039] Next, a multimodal fusion prediction network is constructed. This network includes a transient signal feature channel, an environmental parameter feature channel, and a feature fusion module. The transient signal feature channel is specifically used to extract key feature samples from the transient fluctuation signal samples of the electrodes. Through signal processing and feature extraction algorithms, such as wavelet transform and autocorrelation analysis, the most representative features, such as the number of transient conduction events triggered, duration, and frequency, are extracted from the original transient fluctuation signal. The environmental parameter feature channel is used to extract environmental parameter feature samples from the separated environmental state data samples. Through feature selection algorithms, features highly correlated with the potential difference distribution, such as the rate of temperature change and pressure fluctuation amplitude, are extracted from a large amount of environmental parameter data. The feature fusion module is the core part of the multimodal fusion prediction network. It fuses the key feature samples extracted from the transient signal feature channel and the environmental parameter feature channel with the environmental parameter feature samples. By constructing a neural network structure, such as a deep convolutional neural network or a long short-term memory network, the fused features are learned and predicted, and finally, the predicted potential difference distribution sample is output.

[0040] Finally, the multimodal fusion prediction network is trained using the constructed training dataset. During training, the network parameters are adjusted using the backpropagation algorithm by calculating the error between the predicted potential difference distribution samples and the actual measured potential difference distribution samples, until the error is less than a preset error threshold. This preset error threshold can be set according to the actual application requirements and model performance requirements; for example, it can be set to 5% or less of the potential difference. When the error reaches the preset threshold, the model is considered to have converged, and a converged potential difference prediction model can be output. This model can accurately predict the potential difference distribution in electrochemical separation processes in practical applications.

[0041] P30: When the predicted potential difference distribution does not meet the desired distribution, the separation feedback control unit optimizes the current electrochemical separation parameters with the desired distribution as the optimization target, and outputs optimized electrochemical separation parameters, wherein the optimized electrochemical separation parameters include optimized cathode current density and optimized cathode current density.

[0042] Furthermore, step P30 in this embodiment of the application also includes:

[0043] P31: Establish the distribution error between the predicted potential difference distribution and the expected distribution; P32: Use a PID controller to perform PID gradient optimization on the current electrochemical separation parameters with the goal of minimizing the distribution error, update the electrochemical separation parameters according to the PID calculation results, and output the optimized electrochemical separation parameters.

[0044] It should be understood that when the predicted potential difference distribution fails to meet the desired distribution, the electrochemical separation parameters are optimized through the separation feedback control unit. That is, by performing PID gradient optimization on the electrochemical separation parameters, the potential difference in the electrochemical separation process can reach the expected stable distribution, thereby optimizing the separation effect.

[0045] Before optimizing parameters, it is necessary to first establish the distribution error between the predicted potential difference distribution and the desired distribution. This error reflects the magnitude of the deviation between the current potential difference distribution and the desired target, and can be calculated using various mathematical methods, such as mean squared error (MSE) and absolute error. Specifically, the difference between the predicted and desired potential difference distributions at each corresponding point can be squared, and then the average of the squared differences over all points can be obtained to obtain the mean squared error. The smaller the mean squared error, the closer the predicted potential difference distribution is to the desired distribution. By establishing the distribution error, the difference between the predicted and desired potential difference distributions can be quantified, providing a clear target for subsequent parameter optimization.

[0046] Next, a PID controller is used to perform PID gradient optimization on the current electrochemical separation parameters with the goal of minimizing the distributed error. A PID controller is a common feedback controller that adjusts the system output based on the magnitude of the error, the rate of change of the error, and the cumulative amount of the error. In this application, the PID controller adjusts the electrochemical separation parameters based on the distributed error, including adjusting the cathode current density and the anode current density. Specifically, the optimization process of the PID controller includes three parts: proportional (P), integral (I), and derivative (D). The proportional part adjusts the control parameters based on the current distributed error to ensure a fast system response and reduce error; the integral part adjusts the control parameters based on the cumulative value of the distributed error to handle long-term deviations and help the system eliminate steady-state errors; the derivative part adjusts the control parameters based on the rate of change of the distributed error to prevent over-adjustment and thus stabilize the system. By comprehensively considering the effects of these three parts, the PID controller calculates an adjustment amount based on the distributed error and then updates the electrochemical separation parameters based on this adjustment amount. The updated electrochemical separation parameters are applied to the electrochemical separation device to achieve a potential difference distribution that is closer to the desired distribution.

[0047] Furthermore, step P30 in this embodiment of the application also includes:

[0048] P34: If the electrochemical separation device for fluorine-containing mixed acid includes multiple electrode separation zones; P35: Based on the multiple electrode separation zones, obtain multiple predicted potential difference distributions, and identify the electrode separation zones among the multiple predicted potential difference distributions that do not meet the desired distribution and need to be optimized.

[0049] Optionally, when the electrochemical separation device for fluorinated mixed acid includes multiple electrode separation zones, it is necessary to independently predict the potential difference distribution of each electrode separation zone, identify regions that do not conform to the desired distribution, and then optimize these regions.

[0050] Specifically, before optimizing the parameters, it is necessary to first determine whether the electrochemical separation device for fluorinated mixed acids contains multiple electrode separation zones. If the device includes multiple electrode separation zones, it means that the electrochemical separation process may exhibit different potential difference distributions and electrochemical behaviors in different regions. In this case, the potential difference distribution in each separation zone may vary due to factors such as environmental conditions, local current density, and bubble generation and detachment. Therefore, the system needs to predict and control the potential difference for each electrode separation zone individually.

[0051] Next, the transient fluctuation signals of the electrodes and other relevant data from each electrode separation region are collected and analyzed through the separate feedback control unit. Based on this data, the potential difference distribution of each electrode separation region is predicted using a pre-trained potential difference prediction model, resulting in multiple predicted potential difference distributions, each corresponding to one electrode separation region.

[0052] After obtaining multiple predicted potential difference distributions, these distributions need to be compared with the desired distribution. The desired distribution is an ideal potential difference distribution pre-defined based on process requirements and separation effect. By comparing each predicted potential difference distribution with the desired distribution, it is possible to identify which electrode separation regions' potential difference distributions do not meet the requirements of the desired distribution. If the predicted potential difference distribution of a certain electrode separation region fails to meet the expected target, it indicates that there are potential instabilities in that region, requiring further optimization and adjustment.

[0053] By following the steps described above, the electrode separation regions requiring parameter optimization can be accurately identified, i.e., the regions to be optimized. These regions can then be the focus of subsequent parameter optimization. By selectively adjusting the parameters in these areas, the separation efficiency and stability of the entire electrochemical separation device can be effectively improved, ensuring that the potential difference distribution in each electrode separation region is as close as possible to the desired distribution, thereby achieving the goal of optimizing the entire electrochemical separation process.

[0054] In summary, the embodiments of this application have at least the following technical effects:

[0055] This application uses a TVS transient voltage suppression circuit to monitor and control electrode transient fluctuations, avoiding interference from voltage fluctuations on the electrochemical separation process and ensuring stable operation of the separation process. The separation feedback control unit optimizes based on the predicted potential difference distribution to ensure that the potential difference is always maintained within the desired range, thereby improving the separation effect. By optimizing electrochemical separation parameters in real time, such as cathode current density, the separation efficiency is further improved and the influence of unstable factors is reduced. At the same time, the separation conditions can be dynamically adjusted and automatically optimized based on electrode transient fluctuations and real-time data of the separation process.

[0056] The technology achieves the effect of improving the stability and separation efficiency of the electrochemical separation process by monitoring and suppressing transient fluctuation signals of the electrodes and optimizing the potential difference distribution.

[0057] Example 2, based on the same inventive concept as the method for separating rare earth by-product fluorine-containing mixed acid in the foregoing examples, such as... Figure 2 As shown, this application provides a separation system for rare earth by-product fluorine-containing mixed acid. The system and method embodiments in this application are based on the same inventive concept. The system includes:

[0058] The transient voltage suppression circuit setting module 11 is used to determine the cathode circuit and anode circuit of the electrochemical separation device for fluorine-containing mixed acid, and to set TVS transient voltage suppression circuits in parallel in the cathode circuit and anode circuit respectively.

[0059] The potential difference prediction module 12 is used to monitor the electrode transient fluctuation signal during the separation process of rare earth by-product fluorine-containing mixed acid using the TVS transient voltage suppression circuit, send the electrode transient fluctuation signal to the separation feedback control unit, and use the separation feedback control unit to predict the potential difference and obtain the predicted potential difference distribution.

[0060] The electrochemical separation parameter optimization module 13 is used to optimize the current electrochemical separation parameters by the separation feedback control unit with the expected distribution as the optimization target when the predicted potential difference distribution does not meet the desired distribution, and output the optimized electrochemical separation parameters, wherein the optimized electrochemical separation parameters include optimized cathode current density and optimized cathode current density.

[0061] Furthermore, the transient voltage suppression circuit setting module 11 is also used to perform the following steps:

[0062] A TVS transient voltage suppression circuit is connected in parallel to both the cathode circuit and the anode circuit. The TVS transient voltage suppression circuit includes a clamping voltage. Configuring the clamping voltage includes: collecting historical separation monitoring data samples of the fluorinated mixed acid electrochemical separation device; extracting the operating voltage of the fluorinated mixed acid electrochemical separation device and the electrode withstand voltage of the fluorinated mixed acid electrochemical separation device from the historical separation monitoring data samples; and configuring the clamping voltage using the operating voltage and the electrode withstand voltage.

[0063] Furthermore, in the transient voltage suppression circuit setting module 11:

[0064] The cathode and anode of the fluorinated mixed acid electrochemical separation device include titanium-based MMO coatings.

[0065] Furthermore, the potential difference prediction module 12 is also used to perform the following steps:

[0066] The modal discharge current signal triggered by the TVS transient voltage suppression circuit to initiate a TVS transient conduction event is continuously monitored; the modal discharge current signal is converted from analog to digital to obtain a digital discharge current signal, and the digital discharge current signal is output as an electrode transient fluctuation signal.

[0067] Furthermore, the potential difference prediction module 12 is also used to perform the following steps:

[0068] Key features of the transient fluctuation signal of the electrode are collected, including the number of transient conduction events, the duration of transient conduction events, the trigger frequency of transient conduction events, the peak voltage distribution of the signal, and the Fourier time-frequency distribution. Simultaneously, separation environment state data corresponding to the synchronous timing of the transient fluctuation signal of the electrode are collected. The key features of the transient fluctuation signal of the electrode and the separation environment state data are input into a pre-trained potential difference prediction model in the separation feedback control unit to predict the potential difference and obtain the predicted potential difference distribution.

[0069] Furthermore, the potential difference prediction module 12 is also used to perform the following steps:

[0070] A training dataset is constructed, comprising samples of transient electrode fluctuation signals, samples of separated environmental state data, and samples of actual measured potential difference distribution. A multimodal fusion prediction network is constructed, comprising a transient signal feature channel, an environmental parameter feature channel, and a feature fusion module. The transient signal feature channel in the multimodal fusion prediction network is used to extract key feature samples from the transient electrode fluctuation signal samples, and the environmental parameter feature channel is used to extract environmental parameter feature samples from the separated environmental state data samples. The feature fusion module is used to fuse the key feature samples and the environmental parameter feature samples to predict the potential difference, outputting a predicted potential difference distribution sample. The multimodal fusion prediction network is trained and predicted using the training dataset until the error between the predicted potential difference distribution sample and the actual measured potential difference distribution sample is less than a preset error threshold, at which point a converged potential difference prediction model is output.

[0071] Furthermore, the electrochemical separation parameter optimization module 13 is also used to perform the following steps:

[0072] Establish the distribution error between the predicted potential difference distribution and the desired distribution; use a PID controller to perform PID gradient optimization on the current electrochemical separation parameters with the goal of minimizing the distribution error, update the electrochemical separation parameters according to the PID calculation results, and output the optimized electrochemical separation parameters.

[0073] Furthermore, the electrochemical separation parameter optimization module 13 is also used to perform the following steps:

[0074] If the electrochemical separation device for fluorinated mixed acid includes multiple electrode separation zones; multiple predicted potential difference distributions are obtained based on the multiple electrode separation zones, and the electrode separation zones that do not meet the desired distribution among the multiple predicted potential difference distributions are identified as needing optimization.

[0075] It should be noted that the order of the embodiments described above is merely for descriptive purposes and does not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments. Furthermore, the above description focuses on specific embodiments of this specification. Additionally, the processes depicted in the accompanying drawings do not necessarily require a specific or sequential order to achieve the desired results. In some implementations, multitasking and parallel processing are possible or may be advantageous.

[0076] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

[0077] This specification and accompanying drawings are merely illustrative examples of this application and are intended to cover any and all modifications, variations, combinations, or equivalents within the scope of this application. Clearly, those skilled in the art can make various alterations and modifications to this application without departing from its scope. Therefore, if such modifications and modifications fall within the scope of this application and its equivalents, this application intends to include such modifications and modifications.

Claims

1. A separation method of a rare earth by-product containing a mixed acid of fluorine, characterized by, The method comprises: determining the cathode loop and the anode loop of the fluorine-containing mixed acid electrochemical separation device, and arranging the TVS transient voltage suppression circuit in parallel in the cathode loop and the anode loop respectively; monitoring the electrode transient fluctuation signal of the rare earth by-product fluorine-containing mixed acid separation process by using the TVS transient voltage suppression circuit, sending the electrode transient fluctuation signal to the separation feedback control unit, predicting the potential difference by using the separation feedback control unit, and obtaining the predicted potential difference distribution; when the predicted potential difference distribution does not meet the expected distribution, optimizing the current electrochemical separation parameters by using the separation feedback control unit with the expected distribution as the optimization target, and outputting the optimized electrochemical separation parameters, wherein the optimized electrochemical separation parameters include the optimized cathode current density and the optimized cathode current density.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The TVS transient voltage suppression circuit is arranged in parallel in the cathode loop and the anode loop respectively, and the TVS transient voltage suppression circuit includes a clamping voltage, and the clamping voltage is configured, which includes: collecting historical separation monitoring data samples of the fluorine-containing mixed acid electrochemical separation device; extracting the working voltage of the fluorine-containing mixed acid electrochemical separation device and the electrode withstand voltage of the fluorine-containing mixed acid electrochemical separation device from the historical separation monitoring data samples; configuring the clamping voltage by using the working voltage and the electrode withstand voltage.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein, The method for monitoring the electrode transient fluctuation signal of the rare earth by-product fluorine-containing mixed acid separation process comprises: continuously monitoring the mode discharge current signal of the TVS transient conduction event triggered by the TVS transient voltage suppression circuit; analog-to-digital conversion is performed on the mode discharge current signal to obtain a digitized discharge current signal, and the digitized discharge current signal is output as an electrode transient fluctuation signal.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein, The method for predicting the potential difference by using the separation feedback control unit to obtain the predicted potential difference distribution comprises: collecting key features of the electrode transient fluctuation signal, including the number of transient conduction event triggers, the duration of transient conduction event, the trigger frequency of transient conduction event, the signal peak voltage distribution, and the Fourier time-frequency distribution; synchronously collecting separation environment state data under the corresponding synchronous time sequence of the electrode transient fluctuation signal; inputting the key features of the electrode transient fluctuation signal and the separation environment state data into the pre-trained potential difference prediction model in the separation feedback control unit for potential difference prediction to obtain the predicted potential difference distribution.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein, The method for training the potential difference prediction model comprises: constructing a training data set, which includes electrode transient fluctuation signal samples, separation environment state data samples, and actually measured potential difference distribution samples; constructing a multi-modal fusion prediction network, which includes a transient signal feature channel, an environment parameter feature channel, and a feature fusion module; training and predicting the multi-modal fusion prediction network by using the training data set until the error between the predicted potential difference distribution sample and the actually measured potential difference distribution sample is less than a preset error threshold, and outputting a converged potential difference prediction model.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein, The transient signal feature channel in the multi-modal fusion prediction network is configured to extract key feature samples of the electrode transient fluctuation signal samples, and the environmental parameter feature channel is configured to extract environmental parameter feature samples of the separated environmental state data samples; The feature fusion module is configured to perform fusion potential difference prediction on the key feature samples and the environmental parameter feature samples, and output a predicted potential difference distribution sample.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein, The current electrochemical separation parameters are optimized by the separation feedback control unit with the expected distribution as an optimization target, and optimized electrochemical separation parameters are outputted. A distribution error between the predicted potential difference distribution and the expected distribution is established. A PID controller is adopted to perform PID gradient optimization on the current electrochemical separation parameters with the minimization of the distribution error as an optimization target, and the electrochemical separation parameters are updated according to the PID calculation result, and the optimized electrochemical separation parameters are outputted.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein, The method comprises: If the fluorine-containing mixed acid electrochemical separation device comprises a plurality of electrode separation zones; A plurality of predicted potential difference distributions are obtained according to the plurality of electrode separation zones, and a to-be-optimized electrode separation zone that does not satisfy the expected distribution is identified in the plurality of predicted potential difference distributions.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein, The cathode and the anode of the fluorine-containing mixed acid electrochemical separation device comprise a titanium-based MMO coating.

10. A rare earth byproduct fluoboric acid separation system characterized by, The system comprises: A transient voltage suppression circuit setting module is configured to determine a cathode loop and an anode loop of a fluorine-containing mixed acid electrochemical separation device, and TVS transient voltage suppression circuits are arranged in parallel in the cathode loop and the anode loop, respectively; A potential difference prediction module is configured to monitor electrode transient fluctuation signals of a rare earth by-product fluorine-containing mixed acid separation process by using the TVS transient voltage suppression circuits, send the electrode transient fluctuation signals to a separation feedback control unit, perform potential difference prediction by using the separation feedback control unit, and obtain a predicted potential difference distribution; An electrochemical separation parameter optimization module is configured to optimize current electrochemical separation parameters by the separation feedback control unit with the expected distribution as an optimization target when the predicted potential difference distribution does not satisfy the expected distribution, and output optimized electrochemical separation parameters, wherein the optimized electrochemical separation parameters comprise optimized cathode current density and optimized anode current density.

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