Multi-stage anti-gushing cooperative control system and method for shield tunneling of highly permeable sand layer

Abstract

The invention relates to a multi-stage anti-gushing cooperative control system and method for shield tunneling of a highly permeable sand layer, and the system comprises a shield state verification subsystem which is used for verifying the monitoring function of a sensor of each module in the anti-gushing cooperative control subsystem, the pressure of a grouting pipeline and a data transmission line, and starting a shield after verification is completed; the anti-gushing cooperative control subsystem is used for performing multi-stage anti-gushing cooperative control in the shield tunneling process: inverting the stratum permeability coefficient and dynamically balancing the pressure of the sealed cabin; collecting tunneling data, and optimizing the proportion of the foaming agent and the polymer by using the tunneling data, so as to control the muck flow plasticity; acquiring state information of the cutter, and adjusting the rotating speed of the cutter based on the state information; obtaining the spewing characteristics, and generating a spewing early warning signal through the spewing characteristics, so as to inject the temperature-sensitive polymer into the stratum; identifying a joint leakage point, and pre-embedding a rubber strip to reinforce sealing according to the joint leakage point.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of shield tunnel blowout control technology, and in particular to a multi-level anti-blowout collaborative control system and method for shield tunneling in highly permeable sand layers. Background Technology

[0002] Tunneling in highly permeable sand layers faces a serious risk of jetting disasters. The high permeability of the sand layer causes frequent instability of the pressure in the sealed chamber, and the spiral slag discharge port is prone to sudden jetting of high-pressure water-sand mixture, which can cause a chain of accidents such as face collapse, hydraulic system failure of equipment, and surface subsidence, posing a major threat to construction safety and progress.

[0003] Existing technical solutions for shield tunneling in highly permeable sand layers suffer from systemic defects, including: traditional sealed chamber air pressure control relies on manual experience, making it difficult to respond in real time to dynamic changes in stratum permeability; excessive air pressure fluctuations can easily induce local seal failures; fixed-ratio soil conditioners cannot adapt to complex working conditions such as sudden changes in cutterhead torque and abnormal fluctuations in earth pressure, leading to uncontrolled plasticity of the soil and exacerbating the risk of gushing; outdated cutter wear monitoring methods can easily clog cutterhead openings, forming gushing channels; gushing sealing relies on manual judgment and single-point grouting, delaying critical response opportunities and making it difficult to construct a three-dimensional sealing network; and segment joint leakage is addressed through reactive grouting after the fact, lacking precise location of leakage points and immediate self-sealing capabilities. These defects are further amplified, especially in large-diameter shield tunneling.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a multi-level collaborative control system that integrates dynamic air pressure balance, intelligent decision-making for construction waste, tool status monitoring, rapid sealing of gushing water, and active sealing of joints. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-level anti-gushing collaborative control system and method for shield tunneling in highly permeable sand layers, in order to solve problems such as lagging air pressure regulation, rigid soil improvement, inefficient gushing sealing, and passive joint sealing in related technologies. At the same time, it achieves collaborative control of dynamic perception of stratum permeability, real-time optimization of soil flow plasticity, advanced suppression of gushing risk, and active protection against sealing failure.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution:

[0007] A multi-level anti-blowout collaborative control system for shield tunneling in highly permeable sand layers includes:

[0008] The shield tunneling status verification subsystem is used to verify the monitoring functions of the sensors in each module of the anti-gushing collaborative control subsystem, the pressure of the grouting pipeline, and the data transmission lines. After the verification is completed, the shield tunneling is started.

[0009] The blowout prevention and gushing prevention collaborative control subsystem is used for multi-stage blowout prevention and gushing prevention collaborative control during the shield tunneling process.

[0010] The blowout prevention and gushing prevention collaborative control subsystem comprises:

[0011] The cutterhead sealing gas pressure dynamic balance module is used for inversion of a stratum permeability coefficient and dynamic balance of sealing cabin pressure.

[0012] The intelligent decision-making module for muck improvement is used for acquisition of tunneling data, optimization of foam agent and polymer ratio by using the tunneling data, and control of muck flow plasticity.

[0013] The cutter state monitoring module is used for acquisition of cutter state information and adjustment of cutter rotating speed based on the state information.

[0014] The temperature-sensitive polymer emergency plugging module is used for acquisition of gushing characteristics, generation of a gushing early warning signal by using the gushing characteristics, and injection of temperature-sensitive polymer into a stratum.

[0015] The secondary sealing module for segment joint is used for identification of a joint leakage point and reinforcement of sealing according to the joint leakage point by pre-embedding a rubber strip.

[0016] Optionally, the cutterhead sealing gas pressure dynamic balance module comprises:

[0017] The stratum permeability sensing module is used for setting a differential pressure sensor in front of a cutterhead of the shield, monitoring of muck moisture content, and inversion of the stratum permeability coefficient by using the muck moisture content.

[0018] The multi-stage gas pressure regulation module is used for dynamic adjustment of sealing cabin pressure by three groups of gas valves when the stratum permeability coefficient exceeds a permeability mutation threshold.

[0019] The sealing failure early warning module is used for monitoring of circumferential gas pressure distribution and triggering of an audible and light alarm when a local differential pressure in the circumferential gas pressure distribution exceeds a limit.

[0020] Optionally, the intelligent decision-making module for muck improvement comprises:

[0021] The working condition sensing module is used for acquisition of cutterhead torque, soil pressure fluctuation rate and screw rotating speed data.

[0022] The injection decision-making module is used for optimization of the foam agent and the polymer ratio and generation of a mixed liquid when the cutterhead torque, the soil pressure fluctuation rate and the screw rotating speed data exceed respective target thresholds.

[0023] The precise injection module is used for quantitative injection of the mixed liquid to the back of the cutterhead by a double-channel metering pump, thereby controlling the muck flow plasticity.

[0024] Optionally, the cutter state monitoring module comprises:

[0025] A cutter wear sensing module for quantifying a cutter wear level through a vibration sensor array;

[0026] A seal wear detection module for monitoring a seal lip pre-embedded chip state, i.e., a wear degree, and triggering an alarm when the wear degree is limited;

[0027] An adaptive tunneling module for triggering a speed reduction program when the cutter wear level is greater than a wear level threshold or the wear degree is greater than a wear degree threshold, and adjusting the cutter rotating speed based on the speed reduction program.

[0028] Optionally, the temperature-sensitive polymer emergency plugging module comprises:

[0029] A gushing intelligent identification module for capturing gushing features, the gushing features including a slag water flow rate and a sand content rate, and generating the gushing early warning signal when the slag water flow rate is greater than a water flow threshold and the sand content rate is greater than a sand content rate threshold;

[0030] A three-dimensional grouting network module for obtaining a grouting instruction according to the gushing early warning signal, and injecting the temperature-sensitive polymer into the stratum through a three-ring grouting pipe.

[0031] Optionally, the temperature-sensitive polymer emergency plugging module further comprises:

[0032] A double-trigger control module for receiving the grouting instruction and a manual emergency button instruction, and determining the correctness of the grouting instruction and the manual emergency button instruction by using a redundant relay.

[0033] Optionally, the pipe joint secondary sealing module comprises:

[0034] A leakage positioning module for accurately identifying a joint leakage point by a distributed optical fiber;

[0035] A self-expanding sealing module for activating a pipe joint pre-embedded water-swelling rubber strip according to the joint leakage point;

[0036] A robot reinforcement module for controlling a track robot to inject ultra-fine cement for strengthening sealing after pre-embedding the water-swelling rubber strip.

[0037] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the application further provides a high-permeable sand layer shield tunneling multi-stage blowout prevention and gushing prevention collaborative control method, comprising:

[0038] Verifying the monitoring function of the sensors of each module in the blowout prevention and gushing prevention collaborative control subsystem, the grouting pipe pressure, and the data transmission line, and starting the shield after the verification is completed;

[0039] The multi-stage blowout surge cooperative control is performed in the shield tunneling process.

[0040] The multi-stage blowout surge cooperative control comprises: inverting a stratum permeability coefficient and dynamically balancing a sealing cabin pressure; collecting tunneling data, optimizing a foam agent and a polymer ratio by using the tunneling data, thereby controlling a muck flow plasticity; obtaining state information of a cutter, adjusting a cutter rotating speed based on the state information; obtaining a blowout surge feature, generating a blowout surge early warning signal by using the blowout surge feature, thereby injecting a temperature-sensitive polymer into a stratum; identifying a joint leakage point, and embedding a rubber strip to reinforce sealing according to the joint leakage point.

[0041] An electronic device comprises a memory and a processor, the memory stores a computer program, and the computer program is executed by the processor to make the processor execute the steps of the system according to any one of the above.

[0042] A computer readable storage medium stores a computer program, and the computer program is executed by a processor to make the processor execute the steps of the system according to any one of the above.

[0043] The beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0044] The present application implements shield tunneling operation in high-permeability sand layer according to a cooperative control process: a multi-stage air pressure regulation module dynamically balances the sealing cabin pressure according to the stratum permeability coefficient; a injection decision module optimizes the ratio of muck modifier in real time, and a precise injection module sprays quantitatively; a cutter wear sensing module monitors the wear state and links to an adaptive tunneling module to adjust the rotating speed; a blowout surge intelligent identification module captures the blowout surge feature and activates a three-dimensional grouting network module to inject temperature-sensitive polymer; a leakage positioning module identifies the joint leakage point, and triggers a self-expanding sealing module, finally realizing multi-stage cooperative control of precise control of sealing cabin pressure, real-time optimization of muck flow plasticity, advanced protection of cutter abnormal wear, rapid plugging of sudden blowout surge, and immediate sealing of joint leakage, thereby overcoming the technical barriers of air pressure regulation lag, muck modification rigidity, blowout surge plugging inefficiency, and joint sealing passivity in traditional technology, and significantly reducing the risk of equipment damage, ground subsidence, and construction interruption induced by blowout surge. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0045] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below only show some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0046] Figure 1 It is a high-permeability sand layer shield tunneling multi-stage blowout surge cooperative control system schematic diagram of the present application.

[0047] Figure 2 A high water permeable sand layer shield tunneling multi-stage blowout surge cooperative control system structure schematic view for an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] Figure 3 A high water permeable sand layer shield tunneling multi-stage blowout surge cooperative control method flow chart for an embodiment of the present application;

[0049] Figure 4 An electronic device schematic view for an embodiment of the present application;

[0050] Wherein, 100 - cutterhead sealing air pressure dynamic balance module, 101 - formation permeation sensing module, 102 - multi-stage air pressure regulation module, 103 - sealing failure early warning module, 200 - intelligent decision module of muck improvement, 201 - working condition sensing module, 202 - injection decision module, 203 - accurate injection module, 300 - cutter state monitoring module, 301 - cutter wear sensing module, 302 - sealing wear detection module, 303 - self-adaptive tunneling module 303, 400 - temperature-sensitive polymer emergency plugging module, 401 - intelligent identification module of blowout, 402 - three-dimensional grouting network module, 403 - double trigger control module, 500 - secondary sealing module of segment joint, 501 - leakage positioning module, 502 - self-expanding sealing module, 1 - memory, 2 - processor, 3 - communication interface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0052] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0053] As Figures 1-2As shown, the embodiment discloses a high-permeable sand layer shield tunneling multi-stage blowout and gushing prevention collaborative control system, which comprises: a shield state verification subsystem, which is used for verifying the monitoring function of the sensors of each module in the blowout and gushing prevention collaborative control subsystem, the grouting pipeline pressure and the data transmission line, and starting the shield after the verification is completed; a blowout and gushing prevention collaborative control subsystem, which is used for multi-stage blowout and gushing prevention collaborative control during shield tunneling; the blowout and gushing prevention collaborative control subsystem comprises: a cutter head sealing air pressure dynamic balance module, which is used for inverting the formation permeability coefficient and dynamically balancing the sealing cabin pressure; a muck improvement intelligent decision module, which is used for collecting tunneling data and optimizing the foam agent and polymer ratio by using the tunneling data, so as to control the muck flow plasticity; a cutter head cutter state monitoring module, which is used for obtaining the state information of the cutter and adjusting the cutter speed based on the state information; a temperature-sensitive polymer emergency plugging module, which is used for obtaining the gushing characteristics, generating a gushing warning signal through the gushing characteristics, and thus injecting the temperature-sensitive polymer into the formation; and a segment joint secondary sealing module, which is used for identifying the joint leakage points and embedding the rubber strip for reinforced sealing according to the joint leakage points.

[0054] The embodiment discloses a high-permeable sand layer shield tunneling multi-stage blowout and gushing prevention collaborative control system, which comprises: a cutter head sealing air pressure dynamic balance module 100, a muck improvement intelligent decision module 200, a cutter head cutter state monitoring module 300, a temperature-sensitive polymer emergency plugging module 400 and a segment joint secondary sealing module 500.

[0055] Specifically, the cutter head sealing air pressure dynamic balance module 100 is used for realizing the dynamic balance of the sealing cabin pressure through the formation permeability perception and multi-stage air pressure linkage. In the actual execution process, the embodiment inverses the permeability coefficient in real time through the formation permeability perception module and links the three groups of air valves to control the cabin pressure, monitors the circumferential air pressure distribution in combination with the sealing failure warning module, triggers the audible and light alarm and automatically compensates the pressure when the local pressure difference is abnormal, ensures the stability of the sealing cabin pressure in the high-permeable sand layer, and effectively prevents the blowout and gushing risk caused by the pressure imbalance.

[0056] In an embodiment of the present application, the cutter head sealing air pressure dynamic balance module 100 comprises: a formation permeability perception module 101, a multi-stage air pressure control module 102 and a sealing failure warning module 103.

[0057] The formation permeability perception module 101 is used for inverting the real-time permeability coefficient through the pressure difference sensor in front of the cutter head and the muck water content, and dynamically perceiving the seepage risk of 0.5-3.0 m³ / min; the multi-stage air pressure control module 102 is used for linking the three groups of air valves to control the sealing cabin pressure, and the control accuracy reaches ±0.1 bar; and the sealing failure warning module 103 is used for monitoring the circumferential 12-point air pressure distribution and triggering the audible and light alarm when the local pressure difference exceeds 0.3 bar.

[0058] In actual execution, the three groups of air valves of the multi-stage air pressure regulation module 102 are respectively arranged on the top plate, the waist, and the bottom of the sealed cabin, and form a closed-loop control system through the air pressure compensation pipeline. The differential pressure sensors of the sealed failure early warning module 103 are arranged on the inner wall of the sealed cabin at an interval of 30°, and a real-time air pressure distribution thermal map is constructed. When the formation permeability sensing module 101 detects that the permeability coefficient mutation exceeds 50%, the multi-stage air pressure regulation module 102 is automatically activated to start the pressure compensation program, and the sealed failure early warning module 103 synchronously strengthens the circumferential air pressure scanning frequency to 2 times per second.

[0059] In some embodiments, the multi-stage air pressure regulation module 102 includes three independent air valve systems: the main air valve group 102a is arranged on the top of the sealed cabin and is used for compensating the maximum air pressure difference; the auxiliary air valve group 102b is arranged on the waist and is used for dynamically balancing the regional pressure; and the emergency air valve group 102c is arranged on the bottom and is used for emergency pressurization in the event of sudden seepage. The three groups of air valves realize millisecond-level linkage response through the central control unit, wherein the main air valve group 102a has a regulation range of 0-5 bar, the auxiliary air valve group 102b has a regulation range of 0-3 bar, and the emergency air valve group 102c has an emergency capability of pressurizing 2 bar within 0.5 seconds.

[0060] In addition, the differential pressure sensor array integrated by the formation permeability sensing module 101 includes 8 groups of radial detection units, the detection depth covers the range of 0.5-2 meters in front of the cutter head, and a permeability coefficient distribution cloud map is generated every 15 seconds. The data is transmitted in real time to the sealed failure early warning module 103 through the industrial bus, drives the early warning algorithm to dynamically adjust the air pressure abnormality judgment threshold, realizes the adaptive matching of the permeability coefficient-air pressure threshold, that is, a nonlinear mapping model of the permeability coefficient and the air pressure threshold is constructed through the least squares support vector machine, a permeability coefficient sequence processed by Kalman filtering (sampling frequency 1 Hz) is collected in real time, when the permeability coefficient mutation rate > 50% / min, the emergency correction mode is activated, and the circumferential air pressure distribution entropy value of the sealed cabin is combined for joint calibration; the dynamic threshold calculation adopts the weight coefficient (α=0.15, β=0.08) calibrated by 500 groups of tunnel data, generates a threshold offset according to the coupling relationship between the air pressure fluctuation rate and the permeability coefficient change rate, and finally obtains the adaptive threshold by superimposing the basic threshold and the offset; the system forms a verification closed loop by monitoring the air valve compensation frequency (relax the threshold by 5% when more than 3 times / minute) and the early warning trigger state (tighten the threshold by 0.02 bar when there is no trigger for 10 consecutive periods).

[0061] The intelligent decision module 200 for improving the plasticity of the muck is used for intelligent regulation and control of the plasticity of the muck and precise injection of the improving agent in the process of shield tunneling.

[0062] In some embodiments, the intelligent decision module for soil improvement 200 in the present embodiment can suppress sudden changes in cutter torque and abnormal fluctuations in earth pressure in real time, so that the soil improvement agent injection system forms a dynamically optimized cover layer to ensure the stability and controllability of the plasticity of the soil in the high-permeability sand layer.

[0063] In an embodiment of the present application, the intelligent decision module for soil improvement 200 comprises a working condition sensing module 201, an injection decision module 202, and a precise injection module 203.

[0064] The working condition sensing module 201, the injection decision module 202, and the precise injection module 203 are used for real-time acquisition of cutter working condition characteristics, dynamic optimization of soil improvement agent ratio, and quantitative injection of mixed liquid.

[0065] As a possible implementation, the working condition sensing module 201 is embedded in the cutter drive unit, and the cutter torque fluctuation rate, the earth pressure variation coefficient, and the screw rotation speed gradient are acquired in real time through a high-frequency sampling chip. The injection decision module 202 dynamically calculates the optimal ratio of foam agent-polymer according to the torque mutation threshold and the earth pressure fluctuation rate. The precise injection module 203 sprays the mixed liquid to the back of the cutter through 12 groups of nozzles distributed in a ring at a pressure of 3-5 MPa through a double-channel metering pump. All data are transmitted through armored shield cables, and the core signals are converted into optical fiber signals by an optoelectronic transducer and delivered to the main control system.

[0066] The optimal ratio of foam agent-polymer includes: a multi-objective optimization function of the cutter torque fluctuation rate (sampling frequency 10 Hz), the earth pressure variation coefficient, and the screw rotation speed gradient is established through a fuzzy PID controller, the optimal ratio of foam agent-polymer is solved in real time by using a particle swarm algorithm with the plasticity index of the soil as the constraint condition; wherein the reference concentration of the foam agent (3%-5%) is initially calibrated according to the product of the torque mean value and the formation permeability coefficient, and the additional proportion of the polymer (0-2%) is dynamically adjusted according to the duration of the earth pressure fluctuation rate exceeding 0.3 MPa / s.

[0067] The cutter state monitoring module 300 is used for real-time monitoring of the cutter wear state and adaptive protection to ensure that the cutter system maintains high-efficiency cutting performance when the shield is excavating in extreme strata, and has a sealing wear warning capability to maintain stable operation of the cutter drive system.

[0068] In some embodiments, the cutter state monitoring module 300 in the present embodiment can realize continuous monitoring of the cutter wear state, thereby obtaining real-time working condition data of the cutter system and improving the equipment safety protection level of shield construction in high-permeability sand layers.

[0069] In an embodiment of the present application, the cutter state monitoring module 300 comprises a cutter wear sensing module 301, a sealing wear detection module 302, and an adaptive excavation module 303.

[0070] The tool wear sensing module 301 can trigger a tool protection mechanism according to the wear data warning state to maximize the service life of the tool.

[0071] In some embodiments, the tool wear sensing module 301 uses a high-precision vibration sensor array, which has excellent impact resistance, temperature stability, and signal fidelity characteristics, and has unparalleled wear quantification precision that other monitoring methods cannot match, which can ensure real-time and accurate perception of the state of the tool in a high-pressure water sand environment.

[0072] In addition, the seal wear detection module 302 monitors the wear amount of the seal lip through a pre-embedded chip and automatically alarms when the wear exceeds the limit. The module is integrated with the tool wear sensing module 301 in the same quick-release base, and is electrically linked with the adaptive tunneling module 303 through a link interface to support synchronous replacement of the detection unit during shield maintenance, thereby minimizing the maintenance time window.

[0073] In actual execution, the adaptive tunneling module 303 receives real-time signals from the tool wear sensing module 301 and the seal wear detection module 302 through a multi-channel data bus, and automatically triggers a speed reduction program when the tool wear rate is greater than 0.3 mm / h or the seal wear amount exceeds the threshold. Each module uses a modular plug-in design, which can be synchronized with the detection unit during tool replacement for calibration and maintenance, ensuring that the monitoring system and the tool system are repaired simultaneously.

[0074] The temperature-sensitive polymer emergency sealing module 400 is used for intelligent identification of gushing features and collaborative triggering of three-dimensional grouting sealing, while avoiding artificial intervention delays.

[0075] In actual execution, the temperature-sensitive polymer emergency sealing module 400 in the embodiment can ensure millisecond-level response to sudden gushing, thereby significantly improving the risk resistance of shield construction in high-permeability sand layers and achieving proactive prevention and control of gushing disasters.

[0076] In one embodiment of the present application, the temperature-sensitive polymer emergency sealing module 400 includes a gushing intelligent identification module 401, a three-dimensional grouting network module 402, and a double-trigger control module 403.

[0077] As a possible implementation, the gushing intelligent identification module 401 captures the flow state characteristics of the screw machine discharge port in real time through a high-speed camera unit, and generates a gushing warning signal when the slag water flow rate > 3 m / s and the sand content > 40%; the three-dimensional grouting network module 402 includes a three-ring distributed grouting pipeline, which automatically activates the high-pressure pump group to inject temperature-sensitive polymer into the formation after receiving the warning signal; the double-trigger control module 403 receives the automatic identification signal and the manual emergency button instruction in parallel, the automatic identification signal is analyzed by the gushing warning signal through the high-speed camera unit and the flow state model, and is converted into a standard digital instruction through a signal conditioning circuit, also as the trigger source of the three-dimensional grouting network module 402, processed in parallel by the double-trigger control module 403 through a redundant relay architecture and the manual emergency button instruction, to ensure that the grouting program can still be activated reliably when any single signal channel fails, thereby ensuring the absolute reliability of the gushing plugging response. All data are transmitted through armored optical cables, which are double shielded by metal braiding and ceramic insulation.

[0078] Further, when the grouting pipe of the three-dimensional grouting network module 402 passes through the shield shell, the pipe is fixed by a pressure sealing interface made of special alloy forging, and an absolute seal is maintained by a hydraulic self-tightening clamp. The emergency button of the double-trigger control module 403 is directly embedded in the shield driver console, and the physical circuit is independent of the automatic control system.

[0079] The segment joint secondary sealing module 500 is used for accurate positioning and active sealing reinforcement of the leakage point of the tunnel segment joint, and dynamically optimizes the sealing strategy in combination with the shield tunneling parameters.

[0080] In some embodiments, the segment joint secondary sealing module 500 in the present embodiment can realize millimeter-level positioning of leakage defects, thereby improving the reliability of the joint sealing of the shield tunnel in the high-permeability sand layer, and significantly reducing the risk of later operation and maintenance.

[0081] In an embodiment of the present application, the segment joint secondary sealing module 500 includes a leakage positioning module 501 and a self-expanding sealing module 502.

[0082] The leakage positioning module 501 is used to analyze the leakage signal in real time through a distributed optical fiber sensing network, generate a joint leakage thermal map, and transmit it to the self-expanding sealing module 502 synchronously to drive the pre-embedded sealing unit to activate immediately.

[0083] In some embodiments, the leakage positioning module 501 uses Brillouin optical time domain analysis technology, which has excellent anti-electromagnetic interference characteristics, multi-parameter decoupling capability, and long-distance monitoring advantages, and can achieve leakage flow quantization accuracy that traditional methods cannot achieve, thereby ensuring the state holographic perception of the segment joint in a high-pressure seepage environment.

[0084] Self-expanding sealing module 502 is used to activate the water-swelling rubber strip of the corresponding partition according to the thermal map coordinates. The module is interconnected with the leakage positioning module 501 through a high-speed industrial bus, and the expansion sealing program is automatically triggered when the leakage flow rate is detected to be greater than 5 L / min. The water-swelling rate can reach 300% and an initial sealing layer is formed within 120 seconds.

[0085] In actual execution, the optical fiber sensor of the leakage positioning module 501 is arranged in a ring at an interval of 15° on the pipe joint, and a real-time seepage distribution cloud map is constructed; the liquid injection pipeline of the self-expanding sealing module 502 is integrated with the pipe piece hoisting hole, ensuring that the sealing unit is pre-activated before the excavation cycle starts. The two modules are directly linked through hardwiring, and the time delay from leakage identification to sealing start is controlled within 0.5 seconds.

[0086] For example, the working principle of the embodiment is described in detail below with a specific example:

[0087] First, the adaptive excavation module 303 real-time checks the monitoring functions of the tool wear sensing module 301 and the sealing wear detection module 302, and the multi-stage air pressure regulation module 102 performs air valve linkage test. The staff confirms that the temperature-sensitive polymer grouting pipeline pressure seal is intact, checks the optical fiber network connectivity of the leakage positioning module 501. After all subsystems pass self-checking, the shield starts excavation.

[0088] Next, the formation permeability sensing module 101 continuously inverts the formation permeability coefficient, and when a sudden increase of 50% in the permeability coefficient is detected, the multi-stage air pressure regulation module 102 compensates the sealing cabin pressure; at the same time, when the torque fluctuation rate of the cutter head is greater than 0.3 MPa / s, the injection decision module 202 dynamically increases the polymer injection proportion to 150% of the reference value; if the gushing intelligent recognition module 401 captures the feature of slurry flow rate greater than 3 m / s, the three-dimensional grouting network module 402 starts three-ring grouting within 0.5 seconds; when the leakage positioning module 501 detects that the joint leakage flow rate is greater than 5 L / min, the self-expanding sealing module 502 activates the corresponding partition rubber strip to form a sealing layer.

[0089] Finally, after completing the ring excavation, the system automatically exports the sealing cabin pressure stability curve, the slurry modifier consumption and the gushing suppression efficiency data, and optimizes the air pressure control threshold and the modifier ratio parameters through construction verification and updates the decision model.

[0090] The optimization of the air pressure control threshold and the modifier ratio parameters includes: establishing a correlation model of the air pressure control threshold, the formation permeability coefficient and the torque variation coefficient of the screw machine through multivariate regression analysis, dynamically adjusting the boundary value of the air pressure threshold based on the frequency and duration of the fluctuation overrun event in the pressure stability curve of the sealed cabin; at the same time, the coupling relationship between the consumption of the slag soil modifier, the torque fluctuation rate of the cutter head and the soil pressure stability parameters is analyzed through the fuzzy control rule base, the jetting inhibition efficiency (the actual jetting frequency / the warning frequency) is taken as the feedback index, and the gradient descent method is used to optimize the foam-polymer ratio parameters; the system matches the construction verification data with the historical optimal solution set, and when the geological condition similarity is greater than 85%, the parameter migration learning is started, the model is self-adapted and evolved by updating the decision tree node splitting threshold, and finally a parameter self-optimization closed loop driven by actual engineering data is formed.

[0091] In summary, the embodiment dynamically adjusts the sealed cabin pressure by real-time inversion of the formation permeability coefficient; optimizes the slag soil modifier ratio based on the torque fluctuation characteristics of the cutter head; implements adaptive speed reduction protection according to the tool wear rate; starts three-dimensional grouting in response to the jetting characteristics within seconds; and triggers self-expanding sealing for joint leakage. Finally, the sealed cabin pressure is accurately controlled in high-permeability sand layers, the plasticity of slag soil is optimized in real time, sudden jetting is quickly plugged, and joint leakage is immediately sealed, thereby overcoming the technical bottlenecks of air pressure imbalance, plasticity loss of control, jetting response lag and passive joint sealing in traditional technologies.

[0092] The multi-level jetting prevention collaborative control system and method for shield tunneling in high-permeability sand layers proposed in the embodiment can realize dynamic perception of formation permeability and accurate adjustment of sealed cabin pressure through a multi-level control mechanism, solving the technical bottleneck of jetting out of control caused by lagging air pressure regulation; based on real-time working condition characteristics, the slag soil modifier ratio is optimized, breaking the limitations of fixed ratio mode in complex strata; through advanced protection of tool wear and jetting characteristics within seconds, the risk of chain accidents induced by abnormal equipment wear is eliminated; combined with the immediate sealing technology of joint leakage, the whole process risk prevention and control from tunneling to structure ring formation is realized.

[0093] The system improves the air pressure balance accuracy to ±0.1 bar, shortens the response time of slag soil plasticity regulation to 5 seconds, controls the jetting plugging delay within 1 second, and achieves a joint sealing start speed of 0.5 seconds, significantly reducing the risk of jetting induced shutdown. At the same time, the frequency of manual intervention is reduced, the tunneling efficiency in extreme water-containing sand layers is improved, and the single-kilometer construction cost is significantly reduced. The multi-level collaborative control mechanism provides a systematic solution for high-permeability stratum shield construction, and has broad application prospects in major projects such as cross-river and sea-crossing tunnels and water-rich sand layer subways.

[0094] As Figure 3As shown, the embodiment also discloses a multi-level blowout and gushing prevention collaborative control method for shield tunneling in high-permeability sand layers, which comprises: checking the monitoring function of the sensors of each module in the blowout and gushing prevention collaborative control subsystem, the grouting pipe pressure, and the data transmission line, and starting the shield after the checking is completed; performing multi-level blowout and gushing prevention collaborative control during shield tunneling; the multi-level blowout and gushing prevention collaborative control comprises: inverting the formation permeability coefficient and dynamically balancing the cabin pressure; collecting tunneling data, optimizing the foam and polymer ratio by using the tunneling data, thereby controlling the plasticity of the muck flow; obtaining the state information of the cutter, and adjusting the cutter speed based on the state information; obtaining the gushing characteristics, generating a gushing warning signal through the gushing characteristics, and thereby injecting a temperature-sensitive polymer into the formation; identifying the joint leakage point, and embedding a rubber strip to strengthen the sealing according to the joint leakage point.

[0095] Specifically, the embodiment also discloses a multi-level blowout and gushing prevention collaborative control method for shield tunneling in high-permeability sand layers, which comprises:

[0096] In step S101, the adaptive tunneling module checks the cutter wear level in real time, and automatically triggers a cutterhead speed reduction program to a reference speed of 70% when the wear rate is greater than 0.3 mm / h.

[0097] In step S102, the seal failure warning module continuously scans the circumferential air pressure distribution of the cabin, and if a local pressure difference greater than 0.3 bar is detected, the multi-level air pressure control module is started to compensate for the pressure.

[0098] In step S103, the gushing intelligent identification module analyzes the muck flow state characteristics in real time through a high-speed camera unit, and generates a gushing warning when the muck flow speed is greater than 3 m / s and the sand content is greater than 40%.

[0099] In step S104, the three-dimensional grouting network module activates the three-ring grouting system within 0.5 seconds after receiving the warning signal, and injects a temperature-sensitive polymer material at a pressure of 10 MPa.

[0100] In step S105, the leakage positioning module monitors the pipe joint in real time through a distributed optical fiber, and generates a three-dimensional seepage vector diagram when a leakage point with a seepage flow rate greater than 5 L / min is identified.

[0101] In step S106, the self-expanding sealing module activates the corresponding partition embedded rubber strip according to the vector diagram coordinates, and forms an expanded sealing layer within 120 seconds after the chemical activator is injected.

[0102] In step S107, the construction personnel comprehensively evaluate the system state based on the cabin pressure stability curve and the grouting plugging efficiency data comprehensive evaluation system, and manually adjust the air pressure control threshold or the modifier ratio parameter if necessary.

[0103] In step S108, after the loop excavation is completed, the system automatically compares the gushing suppression effect and the early warning data, and optimizes the permeability coefficient mutation judgment threshold (currently set to 50%) and the grouting triggering threshold (current slurry flow rate of 3 m / s) through a machine learning algorithm.

[0104] It should be noted that the foregoing explanation and description of the high-permeability sand layer shield tunneling multi-stage gushing prevention and control system and method also applies to the high-permeability sand layer shield tunneling multi-stage gushing prevention and control method of this embodiment, which will not be described here.

[0105] The high-permeability sand layer shield tunneling multi-stage gushing prevention and control system and method according to the present embodiment can achieve millibar-level accurate regulation of the sealing cabin pressure through dynamic inversion of the formation permeability coefficient, solve the risk of gushing out of control caused by the lag of traditional manual pressure regulation, optimize the ratio of the soil modifier based on the torque fluctuation characteristics of the cutter head in real time, break through the adaptability bottleneck of the fixed ratio mode in complex strata, quantify the tool wear state through the vibration sensor array and link adaptive speed reduction, eliminate secondary accidents caused by abnormal equipment wear, realize rapid suppression of sudden gushing by combining millisecond-level identification of gushing characteristics and the construction of a three-dimensional plugging network, and simultaneously use distributed optical fiber positioning to locate the leakage points and trigger self-expanding sealing to form a full-process risk prevention and control closed loop from the tunneling process to the structure ring. The multi-stage collaborative mechanism of the system provides a systematic solution for major projects such as cross-river and sea tunnels and water-rich sand layer subways, and has significant technical advantages and trillion-level market application potential in tunnel construction in hydrologically complex regions such as the Yellow River Basin, the Yangtze River Delta, and the Pearl River Delta.

[0106] As shown in Figure 4 The present embodiment also discloses an electronic device, which comprises a memory and a processor, the memory stores a computer program, and the computer program is executed by the processor to make the processor execute the steps of the system according to any one of the above.

[0107] Specifically, the present embodiment also discloses an electronic device, which comprises a memory 1, a processor 2, and a computer program stored in the memory 1 and executable on the processor 2.

[0108] The processor 2 executes the program to implement the high-permeability sand layer shield tunneling multi-stage gushing prevention and control system and method provided in the above embodiments.

[0109] Further, the electronic device further comprises:

[0110] A communication interface 3 for communication between the memory 1 and the processor 2.

[0111] The memory 1 is used to store the computer program executable on the processor 2.

[0112] The memory 1 can comprise a high-speed RAM memory and can also comprise a non-volatile memory, for example at least one disk memory.

[0113] If the memory 1, the processor 2 and the communication interface 3 are implemented independently, the communication interface 3, the memory 1 and the processor 2 can be connected to each other through a bus and complete communication between each other. The bus can be an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, a Peripheral Component (PCI) bus or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, etc. The bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For the convenience of representation, Figure 4 In the figure, only one thick line is used to represent the bus, but it does not mean that there is only one bus or only one type of bus.

[0114] Optionally, in a specific implementation, if the memory 1, the processor 2 and the communication interface 3 are integrated on a chip, the memory 1, the processor 2 and the communication interface 3 can complete communication between each other through an internal interface.

[0115] The processor 2 can be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement one or more embodiments.

[0116] The embodiment also discloses a computer readable storage medium, which stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the processor executes the steps of the system according to any one of the above.

[0117] In the description of the specification, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "an example", "a specific example" or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the specification, the illustrative description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or N embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, the skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in the specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples without contradiction.

[0118] Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are used herein only to describe different steps in a flowchart, and do not imply or suggest a relative importance of the steps so designated. That is, a step designated "first", "second", etc. can implicitly or explicitly include one or more of the steps so designated. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "N" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0119] Any process or method described in flowcharts or otherwise described herein can be understood as representing a module, segment, or portion of code that includes one or N executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function or process, and the scope of preferred embodiments of the present application encompasses additional implementations that can not be shown or discussed explicitly, including implementations in which the functions are performed in a different order, substantially concurrently, or in reverse order, as appropriate to the functionality involved.

[0120] Logic and / or steps represented in flowcharts or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as a list of executable instructions for implementing the logic function, and can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device, such as a computer-based system, processor- containing system, or other system that can fetch the instructions from the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device and execute the instructions. For purposes of this specification, a "computer-readable medium" can be any apparatus that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transport the program for use by or in connection with the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer-readable medium include the following: an electronic connection having one or N wires (electronic apparatus), a portable computer diskette (magnetic apparatus), a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory), an optical fiber (optical apparatus), and a portable compact disc read-only memory (CDROM). Additionally, the computer-readable medium can even be paper or another suitable medium upon which the program is printed, as the program can be electronically captured, via the optical scan of the paper or other medium, then compiled, interpreted, or otherwise processed in a suitable manner, if necessary, and then stored in a computer memory.

[0121] It should be understood that various parts of the present application can be implemented in hardware, software, firmware or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, the N steps or methods can be implemented in software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. If implemented in hardware and as in another embodiment, any of the following technologies or their combinations can be used: discrete logic circuit with logic gates for implementing logical functions on data signals, application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) with suitable combination logic gates, programmable gate array (PGA), field programmable gate array (FPGA), etc.

[0122] Those skilled in the art of the present technology can understand that all or part of the steps carried out by the above-mentioned embodiment methods can be completed by a program instructing the relevant hardware, and the program can be stored in a computer readable storage medium. When the program is executed, it includes one of the steps of the method embodiment or a combination thereof.

[0123] In addition, the functional units in each embodiment of the present application can be integrated into one processing module, or each unit can be physically present separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one module. The above integrated module can be realized in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional module. When the integrated module is realized in the form of a software functional module and sold or used as an independent product, it can also be stored in a computer readable storage medium.

[0124] The storage medium mentioned above can be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc. Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it should be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limiting the present application. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, replacements and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

[0125] The above-described embodiments are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present application and do not limit the scope of the present application. Without departing from the design spirit of the present application, various modifications and improvements to the technical solutions of the present application made by those skilled in the art shall fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A multi-level anti-blowout collaborative control system for shield tunneling in highly permeable sand layers, characterized in that, include: The shield tunneling status verification subsystem is used to verify the monitoring functions of the sensors in each module of the anti-gushing collaborative control subsystem, the pressure of the grouting pipeline, and the data transmission lines. After the verification is completed, the shield tunneling is started. A jet spur prevention and coordinated control subsystem is used to perform multi-level jet spur prevention and coordinated control during the tunnel boring process. The anti-gushing collaborative control subsystem includes: The cutterhead sealing air pressure dynamic balance module is used to invert the formation permeability coefficient and dynamically balance the pressure in the sealing chamber. The intelligent decision-making module for soil improvement is used to collect tunneling data and optimize the ratio of foaming agent and polymer using the tunneling data, thereby controlling the fluidity and plasticity of the soil. The tool status monitoring module is used to acquire tool status information and adjust the tool speed based on the status information. Thermosensitive polymer emergency plugging module is used to acquire gushing characteristics, generate gushing warning signals based on the gushing characteristics, and then inject thermosensitive polymer into the formation. The secondary sealing module for pipe segment joints is used to identify joint leakage points and to pre-embed rubber strips to strengthen the seal based on the leakage points.

2. The multi-level anti-blowout collaborative control system for shield tunneling in highly permeable sand layers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cutter head sealing air pressure dynamic balance module includes: A formation permeability sensing module is used to install a differential pressure sensor in front of the cutterhead of the shield tunneling machine to monitor the moisture content of the slag and use the moisture content of the slag to invert the formation permeability coefficient. A multi-stage air pressure control module is used to dynamically adjust the pressure of the sealed chamber by linking three sets of air valves when the permeability coefficient of the formation exceeds the permeability mutation threshold. The sealing failure early warning module is used to monitor the circumferential air pressure distribution. When the local pressure difference in the circumferential air pressure distribution exceeds the limit, an audible and visual alarm is triggered.

3. The multi-level anti-blowout collaborative control system for shield tunneling in highly permeable sand layers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent decision-making module for soil improvement includes: The working condition sensing module is used to collect data on cutterhead torque, earth pressure fluctuation rate, and screw conveyor speed. An injection decision module is used to optimize the ratio of the foaming agent and the polymer to generate a mixture when the cutterhead torque, the earth pressure fluctuation rate and the screw conveyor speed data exceed their respective target thresholds. The precision injection module is used to quantitatively inject the mixture into the back of the cutterhead via a dual-channel metering pump, thereby controlling the fluid plasticity of the slag.

4. The multi-level anti-blowout collaborative control system for shield tunneling in highly permeable sand layers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tool turret tool status monitoring module includes: Tool wear sensing module, used to quantify tool wear level through vibration sensor array; The sealing wear detection module is used to monitor the status of the embedded chip in the sealing lip, i.e. the degree of wear. When the degree of wear reaches a certain limit, an alarm is triggered. An adaptive tunneling module is used to trigger a speed reduction program when the tool wear level is greater than a wear level threshold or the wear degree is greater than a wear degree threshold, and adjust the tool rotation speed based on the speed reduction program.

5. The multi-level anti-blowout collaborative control system for shield tunneling in highly permeable sand layers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature-sensitive polymer emergency sealing module includes: A surge intelligent recognition module is used to capture surge characteristics, including slag-water flow velocity and sand content. When the slag-water flow velocity is greater than the flow threshold and the sand content is greater than the sand content threshold, a surge warning signal is generated. The three-dimensional grouting network module is used to obtain grouting instructions based on the gushing warning signal and inject the temperature-sensitive polymer into the formation through the three-ring grouting pipe.

6. The multi-level anti-blowout collaborative control system for shield tunneling in highly permeable sand layers according to claim 5, characterized in that, The temperature-sensitive polymer emergency sealing module also includes: A dual-trigger control module is used to receive the grouting command and the manual emergency button command, and to use redundant relays to determine the correctness of the grouting command and the manual emergency button command.

7. The multi-level anti-blowout collaborative control system for shield tunneling in highly permeable sand layers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The secondary sealing module for the segment joint includes: Leakage location module, used to accurately identify the location of leaks in joints through distributed optical fibers; The self-expanding sealing module is used to activate the water-swellable rubber strips embedded in the joint of the pipe segment according to the leakage point of the joint. The robot reinforcement module is used to control a track-mounted robot to inject ultrafine cement to reinforce the seal after the water-swellable rubber strip is pre-embedded.

8. A multi-level anti-gushing collaborative control method for shield tunneling in highly permeable sand layers, implemented according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, include: Verify the monitoring functions of the sensors in each module of the anti-gushing collaborative control subsystem, the pressure of the grouting pipeline, and the data transmission lines. Start the tunnel boring machine after verification. Multi-level anti-gushing coordinated control is implemented during the shield tunneling process; The multi-level anti-gushing collaborative control includes: inverting the formation permeability coefficient and dynamically balancing the pressure in the sealing chamber; collecting tunneling data and using the tunneling data to optimize the ratio of foaming agent and polymer, thereby controlling the plasticity of the excavated soil; acquiring the status information of the cutting tools and adjusting the cutting tool speed based on the status information; acquiring gushing characteristics and generating a gushing early warning signal based on the gushing characteristics, thereby injecting a temperature-sensitive polymer into the formation; identifying joint leakage points and pre-embedding rubber strips to strengthen the seal according to the joint leakage points.

9. An electronic device comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program that, when executed by the processor, causes the processor to perform the steps of the system as claimed in any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to perform the steps of the system as claimed in any one of claims 1-7.

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