Modularized heat preservation building structure suitable for extremely low temperature environment

Abstract

The invention discloses a modular heat preservation building structure suitable for an extremely low temperature environment, and particularly relates to the technical field of heat preservation building structures, the modular heat preservation building structure comprises a heat preservation plate, a heat preservation assembly is arranged on the heat preservation plate, the heat preservation assembly comprises a butt joint frame arranged at the top of the heat preservation plate, and a plurality of heat preservation units are arranged in the middle of the heat preservation plate. Through the multi-level heat preservation design of arc-shaped tin foil heat insulation, air blocking, rib sleeve restraining and active heating, an all-dimensional heat preservation barrier is formed. Heat generated by the electric heating wire and indoor heat can be reflected back to the inner side, and heat radiation loss is reduced; thick closed air layers are formed among the stacked heat preservation units, so that heat conduction is effectively blocked; the restraining rib sleeve made of the flame-retardant heat preservation cotton wraps the heat preservation unit and the electric heating wire, the indoor temperature of the building can be stably maintained within a certain range, no low-temperature dead angle exists, and the problem that the indoor temperature of an existing building is difficult to maintain at extremely low temperature is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of thermal insulation building structure technology, specifically relating to a modular thermal insulation building structure suitable for extreme low temperature environments. Background Technology

[0002] Modular insulated building structures are a building system that breaks down the main building into multiple standardized modules, prefabricates them in a factory (including structure, insulation, and piping), and then transports them to the site for rapid assembly, with "high-efficiency insulation" as its core design goal. Its core principle is to improve construction efficiency through a "factory prefabrication + on-site assembly" model, while relying on professional insulation design to retain heat. It is suitable for various scenarios with requirements for construction speed and insulation performance. The modules mostly use steel structures or reinforced light steel structures, resulting in strong overall load-bearing capacity. The factory pre-assembles the module's frame, installs the interior and exterior wall panels, and even pre-installs doors, windows, and water and electricity pipelines.

[0003] In extreme low temperatures, traditional buildings are prone to concrete freezing and mortar adhesion reduction, resulting in extremely low construction efficiency and difficulty in ensuring quality. Under extreme low temperatures, building heat loss is rapid, and if insulation is insufficient, not only is it difficult to maintain indoor temperature, but heating energy consumption will also soar. Ordinary buildings, due to insufficient insulation, require continuous high-intensity heating to maintain temperature, resulting in high energy costs. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a modular insulated building structure suitable for extreme low-temperature environments. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention discloses a modular thermal insulation building structure suitable for extreme low-temperature environments. Its multi-level insulation design reduces heat radiation loss, effectively blocks heat conduction, and maintains the building's indoor temperature stably within a certain range. Furthermore, it eliminates low-temperature dead zones and has a long service life.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A modular thermal insulation building structure suitable for extreme low temperature environments includes an insulation board, on which thermal insulation components are provided; The thermal insulation component includes at least two thermal insulation units stacked in the middle of the thermal insulation board. Each thermal insulation unit includes a first tin foil thermal insulation board and a second tin foil thermal insulation board with an arc-shaped vertical cross section. The first tin foil thermal insulation board and the second tin foil thermal insulation board are stacked, and an installation cavity is formed between the first tin foil thermal insulation board and the second tin foil thermal insulation board to form a closed air layer therebetween to block heat conduction, and together they constitute a heat reflective cavity for reflecting heat inward. An electric heating wire is provided in the middle of the insulation unit, a docking frame is provided on the top of the insulation board, and a heat flow guiding mechanism is provided on the docking frame. The heat flow guiding mechanism includes a traction wheel rotatably mounted on the docking frame, a rotating shaft connected to the traction wheel, and a traction strip whose bottom end is connected to the outside of the insulation unit and whose top end is wrapped around the traction wheel. By rotating the rotating shaft, the traction wheel is driven to move the traction strip, so that the insulation unit deflects around its fixed point, thereby changing the direction of heat flow generated by the electric heating wire and the heat reflection cavity. The outer side of the insulation unit is covered with a restraining rib sleeve made of flame-retardant insulation cotton. The restraining rib sleeve wraps around the insulation unit and the electric heating wire. Two through holes are formed on both the first and second tin foil insulation boards, and a first connecting strip is provided in each through hole. The bottom end of the first connecting strip is fixed to a counterweight plate. An elastic block is provided on one side of each through hole. A cavity is provided on the restraining rib sleeve, and the elastic block extends into the cavity. A support plate is provided at the bottom of the docking frame, covering the outside of the two traction bars. The top end of each traction bar extends to the top end of the corresponding second connecting strip. A center block is provided in the middle of the docking frame, located between two traction wheels. Each traction wheel is located on the top of its corresponding support plate. The top of the strip extends to the side of the traction wheel, the shaft is inserted into the traction wheel, the support plate has a staggered slot through it, the traction strip is connected to the second connecting belt through a docking ring, the outer side of the docking frame is provided with several docking frames, and each docking frame has a long waist hole for connecting with other insulation modules by bolts to compensate for the thermal expansion and contraction of materials under extreme low temperatures, the outer side of the docking frame is slidably connected with a baffle, the outer side of the baffle extends to the insulation board, the baffle slides after splicing to cover the splicing gap between the insulation boards, the insulation board has several drainage slots through it, when multiple insulation boards are spliced ​​through the docking frame, the drainage slots on adjacent insulation boards are aligned and connected to each other to form a transverse hot air circulation channel between the inner cavities of adjacent insulation boards.

[0006] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention integrates and assembles insulation boards, insulation units, electric heating wires, and splicing components in the factory, eliminating the need for traditional construction processes such as concrete pouring and mortar laying in extreme low-temperature environments. Furthermore, the connecting frame and elongated holes designed at the splicing points compensate for the thermal expansion and contraction of steel and insulation materials under extreme low temperatures, preventing gaps in the splicing joints. Combined with a sliding baffle, the splicing joints are sealed in one step, eliminating the need for secondary treatment and resolving existing quality issues in modular building splicing. This invention utilizes a multi-layered insulation design, incorporating arc-shaped tin foil insulation, air blocking, restraining ribs, and active heating, to create a comprehensive heat retention barrier. Specifically, the first and second tin foil insulation boards employ an arc-shaped structure, reflecting heat generated by the electric heating wire and indoor heat back inward, reducing heat loss through radiation. The stacked insulation units form a thick, sealed air layer, effectively blocking heat conduction. The restraining ribs, made of flame-retardant insulation cotton, wrap around the insulation units and electric heating wires, ensuring a stable indoor temperature within a certain range without any low-temperature dead zones, thus solving the problem of maintaining indoor temperatures in existing buildings under extreme low temperatures. 3. The present invention sets a high-density cement fiber counterweight plate at the bottom of the inner cavity of the insulation board, which can increase the weight of the bottom of the module, improve the overall wind load and snow load resistance of the building, and prevent the building from tilting when extreme low temperature is accompanied by strong wind. The insulation unit is fixed to the counterweight plate by the first connecting strip. With the buckle structure of the elastic block and the concave cavity of the restraint sleeve, the insulation unit can be prevented from separating between layers and the restraint sleeve from falling off at low temperature, thus solving the problem of easy damage and short life of building structure under extreme low temperature. Attached Figure Description

[0007] Figure 1 This is a front view of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0008] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the thermal insulation component of the present invention.

[0009] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the first tin foil insulation board, insulation board, docking frame, traction wheel, first connecting belt and second connecting belt of the present invention.

[0010] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the insulation board, drainage slot, docking frame, center block, rotating shaft, traction wheel and docking frame of the present invention.

[0011] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the first tin foil insulation plate, counterweight plate, first connecting strip, second connecting strip, constraint rib sleeve, traction strip, docking frame and elastic block of the present invention.

[0012] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Exploded view.

[0013] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the partial structure at point A in the middle.

[0014] List of identifiers in attached diagrams: 1. Insulation board; 2. Docking frame; 3. First tin foil insulation board; 4. Second tin foil insulation board; 5. Support rod; 6. Electric heating wire; 7. Counterweight plate; 8. Through hole; 9. First connecting strip; 10. Second connecting strip; 11. Elastic block; 12. Constraint rib sleeve; 13. Cavity; 14. Support plate; 15. Traction bar; 16. Center block; 17. Rotating shaft; 18. Traction wheel; 19. Misaligned slot; 20. Docking frame; 21. Long slot; 22. Baffle; 23. Drainage slot; 24. Docking ring. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The present invention will be further illustrated below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the following specific embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Example

[0016] This embodiment discloses a modular thermal insulation building structure suitable for extreme low temperature environments, aiming to solve the problems of low construction efficiency, rapid heat loss, and high heating energy consumption in traditional buildings under extreme low temperatures.

[0017] The modular thermal insulation building structure of this embodiment uses insulation board 1 as the basic carrier and integrates insulation components, adjustment components and splicing components. The overall structure is compact and functionally coordinated. The structural details and connection relationships of each component are shown in the attached drawings below: Insulation board 1 has a rectangular cavity structure made of high-strength polyurethane composite board. Its inner cavity is used to house core components such as insulation units and counterweight plates. The outer surface is coated with a low-temperature resistant and anti-corrosion coating that can withstand temperatures as low as -60℃ and resists ultraviolet aging. The core function of insulation board 1 is to support the various components and form the basic insulation cavity. It has a docking frame 2 at the top, insulation units stacked in the middle, and a counterweight plate 7 fixed at the bottom. The overall structure is shown in the attached figure. Figure 1 As shown, it can be prefabricated and assembled as an independent modular unit.

[0018] The thermal insulation component is the core component for achieving extreme low-temperature insulation. It includes a docking frame 2, an insulation unit, a support rod 5, an electric heating wire 6, a counterweight plate 7, a second connecting strip 10, and a restraining rib sleeve 12. The specific structure is as follows: The docking frame 2 is a U-shaped metal frame, fixed to the top edge of the insulation board 1 with bolts. It serves two purposes: connecting the adjustment components and acting as a transitional carrier for modular assembly, as shown in the attached diagram. Figure 2 , 4 As shown.

[0019] Each insulation unit consists of a first tin foil insulation board 3 and a second tin foil insulation board 4, which are stacked along the thickness direction of the insulation board 1, and both have arc-shaped vertical sections, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 3 , 5As shown. The advantage of the arc design is that it increases the heat reflection area of ​​the tin foil material, which can reflect the electric heating wire 6 or indoor heat back to the inside, reducing heat radiation loss; at the same time, the double tin foil plates form a closed air layer (installation cavity), which can further block heat conduction and improve the thermal insulation effect.

[0020] Two support rods 5 are installed vertically in parallel at the center of each insulation unit to ensure structural stability. An electric heating wire 6 is evenly spirally wound around the support rods 5 along their length to achieve uniform heating, as shown in the attached diagram. Figure 5 , 6 As shown. The wiring terminals of the electric heating wire 6 are led out to the external central control system through the wiring holes on the side wall of the insulation board 1, and can be automatically started and stopped according to the ambient temperature.

[0021] The counterweight plate 7 is made of high-density cement fiberboard and is horizontally fixed to the bottom of the inner cavity of the insulation board 1. In addition to fixing the connecting strips with expansion bolts, it can also increase the stability of the bottom of the insulation board 1 and prevent the structure from tilting due to thermal expansion and contraction under extreme low temperatures. (See attached image) Figure 5 , 6 As shown.

[0022] The second connecting strap 10 is made of low-temperature resistant polyester braided strap, with four straps spaced at intervals along both sides of the counterweight plate 7, all located on the outside of the insulation unit, used to connect the traction strip 15 of the adjustment component, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 5 As shown.

[0023] The restraint sleeve 12 is made of flame-retardant insulation cotton and is installed on the outside of the insulation unit and the support rod 5, as shown in the attached document. Figure 6 As shown. Its function is to enclose the active heating component and the passive insulation unit, reduce heat loss to the cavity wall of the insulation board 1, and at the same time have flame retardant properties to prevent the electric heating wire 6 from overheating and causing safety hazards.

[0024] To prevent the insulation unit layers from separating and the restraining rib sleeve 12 from falling off, this embodiment is designed with through holes 8, a first connecting strip 9, an elastic locking block 11, and a recess 13, as detailed below: Both the first tin foil insulation plate 3 and the second tin foil insulation plate 4 have two through holes 8. A first connecting strip 9 is inserted into each through hole 8, and its bottom end is fixed to the counterweight plate 7 by bolts. Its top end is flush with the top of the insulation unit, which can fasten the stacked tin foil plates and prevent interlayer displacement. Figure 3 , 7 As shown.

[0025] An elastic locking block 11 is integrally formed on the side of the through hole 8 near the restraining rib sleeve 12; correspondingly, a recess 13 adapted to the elastic locking block 11 is formed on the outer wall of the restraining rib sleeve 12, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 7 As shown. After the restraint sleeve 12 is installed, the elastic block 11 naturally snaps into the cavity 13 to achieve a snap-lock fixation, preventing the restraint sleeve from falling off due to material shrinkage at low temperatures.

[0026] To achieve directional heat diffusion from the electric heating wire 6 to meet the needs of different low-temperature scenarios, this embodiment designs a support plate 14, a traction bar 15, a center block 16, a rotating shaft 17, a traction wheel 18, a misaligned slot 19, and a docking ring 24, as detailed below: Two symmetrical support plates 14 are welded to the bottom of the docking frame 2. Each support plate 14 has a traction strip 15 in the middle, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 6 As shown. The bottom end of the traction bar 15 is detachably connected to the top end of the second connecting belt 10 via the docking ring 24 for easy maintenance; the top end extends to the side of the traction wheel 18.

[0027] The center block 16 is fixed in the middle of the docking frame 2, and traction wheels 18 are rotatably installed on both sides of it, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 4 As shown. A rotating shaft 17 is inserted through the center of the central block 16, and the two ends of the rotating shaft 17 are inserted into the center holes of the traction wheel 18. Rotating the rotating shaft 17 can drive the traction wheel 18 to rotate synchronously, and through friction, it can pull the traction bar 15 up and down, thereby causing the insulation unit to deflect around the first connecting belt 9 by an angle of 0°-15°.

[0028] The tray 14 has a through-hole staggered slot 19, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 6 As shown. Its function is to avoid mechanical interference between the traction bar and the support plate 14 when the traction bar 15 is displaced, ensuring smooth adjustment and avoiding jamming at low temperatures.

[0029] To enable modular splicing of multiple insulation boards 1 to adapt to different building size requirements, this embodiment designs a connecting frame 20, an elongated hole 21, a baffle 22, and a drainage slot 23, as detailed below: Two docking brackets 20 are spaced apart along the circumference of the outer side of the docking frame 2. Each docking bracket 20 has an elongated hole 21, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 4 As shown. When splicing, align the butt joints 20 of the two insulation boards 1 and tighten them by passing bolts through the elongated holes 21. The elongated holes can compensate for the shrinkage of the material at low temperatures and prevent stress cracking at the splice.

[0030] The outer sliding connecting baffle 22 of the docking frame 20 is as shown in the attached figure. Figure 5 As shown. After splicing, slide the baffle 22 downwards to cover the splicing gap, preventing cold outdoor air from seeping in and blocking heat loss at the gap.

[0031] The insulation board 1 has drainage slots 23 extending through its left and right side walls, as shown in the attached diagram. Figure 4 As shown. Its function is to connect the air layers inside the adjacent insulation panels 1, promote the circulation of hot air, avoid uneven local temperature such as overheating at the top and undercooling at the bottom, and further improve the overall insulation effect. Example

[0032] Place the counterweight plate 7 horizontally into the bottom of the inner cavity of the insulation board 1 and fix it to the bottom inner wall of the insulation board 1 with expansion bolts to ensure that the counterweight plate is centered and not loose. The first tin foil insulation board 3 and the second tin foil insulation board 4 are stacked with their arc-shaped convex surfaces facing each other, and the through holes 8 are aligned. The first connecting strip 9 is passed through the through holes 8 and the bottom end is fixed to the counterweight plate 7 with bolts. A certain length is reserved at the top end for subsequent adjustment. Each insulation unit is stacked in the vertical direction, and an air layer is formed between adjacent units.

[0033] Weld the support rods 5 to the two sides of the middle of the insulation unit respectively, with the bottom end fully welded to the counterweight plate 7 and the top end flush with the top of the insulation plate 1. The electric heating wire 6 is spirally wound along the length of the support rod 5. The wiring terminal is led out through the wire hole on the side wall of the insulation board 1 and the wire hole is sealed with low-temperature resistant sealant to prevent cold air from seeping in. Insert the constraint rib sleeve 12 from the top of the insulation unit until it is in contact with the counterweight plate 7 at the bottom, ensuring that the elastic block 11 is fully inserted into the cavity 13 to achieve fixation.

[0034] Fix the docking frame 2 to the top edge of the insulation board 1 with bolts, ensuring that the docking frame 2 is level; A support plate 14 is welded to the bottom of the docking frame 2, and the center block 16 is fixed in the middle of the docking frame 2. The rotating shaft 17 passes through the center block and is connected to the traction wheel 18. The bottom end of the traction strip 15 is connected to the second connecting belt 10 through the docking ring 24, and the top end passes around the traction wheel 18. Four docking frames 20 are welded on the outside of the docking frame 2, and the baffle 22 is slidably installed. A slot 23 is opened on the side wall of the insulation board 1 to complete the factory prefabrication of a single modular unit.

[0035] The prefabricated insulation modules are transported to the construction site in extreme low temperatures using insulated vehicles. Align the docking brackets 20 of adjacent insulation modules, tighten them with bolts through the elongated holes 21, and install bolts at each splicing point; Sliding baffle 22 covers the splicing gap and seals the edge of the baffle with sealant; connect the terminals of the electric heating wires 6 of all modules to the main control system and debug the temperature control logic.

[0036] The working principle is as follows: the multi-layered first tin foil insulation board 3 and second tin foil insulation board 4 increase the heat reflection area through the arc structure, which can reflect the heat in the room or the heat generated by the electric heating wire 6 back to the inside, reducing heat radiation loss; the air layer between adjacent insulation units and the insulation cotton material of the constraint rib sleeve 12 can block heat conduction, forming a passive insulation system of reflection and blocking.

[0037] When the ambient temperature is below -30℃, the main control system automatically starts the electric heating wire 6, and the heat generated by the electric heating wire is conducted to the room through the air. If it is necessary to enhance the heating effect of a local area, such as a corner of the building, the rotating shaft 17 can be rotated to drive the traction wheel 18 to rotate, and the traction bar 15 pulls the insulation unit to deflect, so that the electric heating wire 6 is directed toward the target area to achieve directional heat diffusion. For example, when the deflection is 15°, the temperature of the target area can be increased by 5-8℃.

[0038] The elongated hole 21 of the docking frame 20 compensates for the shrinkage of the low-temperature material and prevents cracking at the splice; the baffle 22 and the sealant work together to seal the splice seam and prevent cold air from seeping in; the groove 23 of the insulation board 1 enables air circulation in the cavity of adjacent modules and avoids uneven local temperature.

[0039] It should be noted that the above content merely illustrates the technical concept of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, various improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and all such improvements and modifications fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A modular thermal insulation building structure suitable for extreme low temperature environments, comprising an insulation board (1), characterized in that: The insulation board (1) has a rectangular cavity structure and is made of high-strength polyurethane composite board. Its inner cavity is equipped with insulation components, and its outer surface is sprayed with a low-temperature resistant and anti-corrosion coating. The insulation component includes at least two insulation units stacked in the middle of the insulation board (1). Each insulation unit includes a first tin foil insulation board (3) and a second tin foil insulation board (4) with an arc-shaped vertical cross section. The first tin foil insulation board (3) and the second tin foil insulation board (4) are stacked, and an installation cavity is formed between the first tin foil insulation board (3) and the second tin foil insulation board (4). The insulation unit has two support rods (5) in the middle, and electric heating wires (6) are evenly spirally wound on the support rods (5). The top of the insulation board (1) is provided with a docking frame (2), and a heat flow guiding mechanism is provided on the docking frame (2). The heat flow guiding mechanism includes a traction wheel (18) rotatably mounted on the docking frame (2), a rotating shaft (17) connected to the traction wheel (18), and a traction bar (15) whose bottom end is connected to the outside of the insulation unit and whose top end is wrapped around the traction wheel (18).

2. The modular thermal insulation building structure suitable for extreme low temperature environments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side of the insulation unit is covered with a restraining rib sleeve (12) made of flame-retardant insulation cotton, and the restraining rib sleeve (12) wraps the insulation unit and the electric heating wire (6).

3. A modular thermal insulation building structure suitable for extreme low-temperature environments according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two through holes (8) are opened through the first tin foil insulation plate (3) and the second tin foil insulation plate (4), and a first connecting strip (9) is provided in each of the through holes (8), and the bottom end of the first connecting strip (9) is fixed on the counterweight plate (7).

4. A modular thermal insulation building structure suitable for extreme low-temperature environments according to claim 3, characterized in that: An elastic locking block (11) is provided on one side of the through hole (8), and a cavity (13) is provided on the constraint rib sleeve (12), with the elastic locking block (11) extending into the cavity (13).

5. A modular thermal insulation building structure suitable for extreme low-temperature environments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the docking frame (2) is provided with a tray (14), which covers the outside of the two traction bars (15), and the top of each traction bar (15) extends to the top of the corresponding second connecting strip (10).

6. A modular thermal insulation building structure suitable for extreme low-temperature environments according to claim 5, characterized in that: A center block (16) is provided in the middle of the docking frame (2). The center block (16) is located between two traction wheels (18), and each traction wheel (18) is located on the top of the corresponding pallet (14).

7. A modular thermal insulation building structure suitable for extreme low-temperature environments according to claim 6, characterized in that: The top of the traction bar (15) extends to the side of the traction wheel (18), and the shaft (17) is inserted into the traction wheel (18).

8. A modular thermal insulation building structure suitable for extreme low-temperature environments according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pallet (14) has a through slot (19) and the traction bar (15) is connected to the second connecting belt (10) through a docking ring (24).

9. A modular thermal insulation building structure suitable for extreme low-temperature environments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side of the docking frame (2) is provided with several docking brackets (20), and each docking bracket (20) is provided with a long waist hole (21).

10. A modular thermal insulation building structure suitable for extreme low-temperature environments according to claim 9, characterized in that: A baffle (22) is slidably connected to the outside of the docking frame (20). The outside of the baffle (22) extends to the insulation board (1). The baffle (22) slides after splicing to cover the splicing gap between the insulation boards (1). Several drainage slots (23) are opened through the insulation board (1).

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