Center distance adjusting device for gear meshing instrument and gear meshing instrument

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of gear detection, and provides a center distance adjusting device for a gear meshing instrument and the gear meshing instrument. The invention discloses a center distance adjusting device for a gear meshing instrument. The lead screw is connected with an output shaft of the servo motor; the nut is arranged on the lead screw in a sleeving manner and can move in the axial direction of the lead screw; the end cover is connected with the nut; the tension and compression spring is arranged on the end cover and is used for being connected with the tested gear; the sensor is used for detecting compression deformation of the tension-compression spring; the control system is in communication connection with the servo motor and the sensor; wherein the servo motor drives the lead screw to rotate and drives the nut, the end cover and the tension-compression spring to integrally move so as to adjust the center distance between the measured gear and the measuring gear; and the control system is configured to judge the gear collision condition according to the compression deformation detected by the sensor, and control the servo motor to reversely rotate to drive the detected gear to return. The device can timely retreat when tooth collision occurs, thereby preventing the measured gear and the measuring gear from being further damaged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of gear testing technology, and more specifically, to a center distance adjustment device for a gear meshing instrument and a gear meshing instrument. Background Technology

[0002] A gear meshing tester is an important device for measuring gear accuracy. It is mainly used to detect parameters such as gear tooth profile, tooth direction, single tooth, and runout per revolution.

[0003] In related technologies, collisions are prone to occur during gear meshing using a gear meshing instrument, which not only affects the accuracy of the measurement results but may also damage the equipment and the gear being measured. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the technical problems of collision and damage during gear testing, the first aspect of this application proposes a center distance adjustment device for a gear meshing instrument.

[0005] In a second aspect, this application also proposes a gear meshing device.

[0006] In view of this, the first aspect of this application proposes a center distance adjustment device for a gear meshing instrument, comprising: a servo motor; a lead screw connected to the output shaft of the servo motor; a lead screw nut fitted on the lead screw and capable of moving along the axial direction of the lead screw; an end cover connected to the lead screw nut; a tension / compression spring disposed on the end cover for connection with the gear under test; a sensor for detecting the compression deformation of the tension / compression spring; and a control system communicatively connected to the servo motor and the sensor; wherein, the servo motor drives the lead screw to rotate, thereby moving the lead screw nut, the end cover, and the tension / compression spring as a whole to adjust the center distance between the gear under test and the measuring gear; the control system is configured to: determine the gear collision situation based on the compression deformation detected by the sensor, and control the servo motor to reverse and drive the gear under test to retract.

[0007] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some feasible embodiments, the center distance adjustment device for the gear meshing instrument further includes: a connecting seat; a motor mounting seat disposed in the connecting seat for mounting a servo motor; a bearing assembly disposed within the connecting seat for supporting a lead screw; and a cover plate disposed at the end of the connecting seat away from the servo motor for sealing the bearing assembly.

[0008] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some feasible embodiments, the center distance adjustment device for the gear meshing instrument further includes: a coupling, through which the lead screw is connected to the output shaft of the servo motor.

[0009] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some feasible embodiments, the center distance adjustment device for a gear meshing instrument further includes: a mounting joint disposed on an end cap for mounting a tension / compression spring.

[0010] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some feasible embodiments, the center distance adjustment device for the gear meshing instrument further includes: an absolute encoder, disposed on the servo motor, the absolute encoder being used to provide feedback on the angular position of the servo motor to obtain the linear displacement of the nut.

[0011] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some feasible ways, the tension / compression spring is a cylindrical helical spring, and the preload of the cylindrical helical spring during installation is configured to be greater than the maximum resistance during no-load operation.

[0012] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some feasible embodiments, the center distance adjustment device for the gear meshing instrument further includes: a compression adjustment device for adjusting the compression amount of the tension spring triggering automatic retraction.

[0013] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some feasible embodiments, the compression adjustment device includes an adjusting nut that is threadedly connected to an end cap or mounting joint for adjusting the compression by changing the preload of the tension spring.

[0014] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some feasible methods, if the compression deformation detected by the sensor exceeds a first threshold, the servo motor is controlled to retract a first predetermined distance at a first speed; if the compression deformation exceeds a second threshold again during the reset process, the servo motor is controlled to retract a second predetermined distance at a second speed; wherein the second speed is greater than the first speed, and the second predetermined distance is greater than the first predetermined distance.

[0015] The second aspect of this application discloses a gear meshing device, comprising: a center distance adjustment device for a gear meshing device as described in any of the above technical solutions.

[0016] Compared with related technologies, this application has the following technical advantages:

[0017] The center distance adjustment device for a gear meshing instrument provided in this application features a tooth collision retraction function. This function allows for timely retraction when tooth collision occurs, preventing further damage to both the tested and measuring gears. This helps improve the gear product qualification rate and reduce production costs. The device employs a servo motor drive combined with high-precision lead screw and nut components to effectively reduce transmission backlash errors and ensure precise gear meshing during testing, thereby improving the accuracy of test results. Furthermore, the tooth collision retraction function reduces testing interruptions and gear replacement frequency caused by collisions, significantly improving testing efficiency and shortening the testing cycle. The entire device has a reasonable structural layout, offering advantages such as compact structure, small footprint, and ease of installation and maintenance.

[0018] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent in the following description or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0020] Figure 1 This application shows one of the structural schematic diagrams of a center distance adjustment device for a gear meshing instrument according to one embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 2 This is shown as a second schematic diagram of the center distance adjustment device for a gear meshing instrument according to one embodiment of this application;

[0022] Figure 3 The third schematic diagram shows the structure of a center distance adjustment device for a gear meshing instrument according to one embodiment of this application.

[0023] in, Figures 1 to 3 The correspondence between the reference numerals and component names in the attached drawings is as follows:

[0024] 1-Servo motor, 2-Motor mounting base, 3-Connecting base, 4-Coupling, 5-Cover plate, 6-M5 screw, 7-M6 screw, 8-Lead screw, 9-Lead nut, 10-End cover, 11-Mounting connector, 12-Tension / compression spring. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in these embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0026] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of this application. However, this application may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0027] The following reference Figures 1 to 3 This application describes a center distance adjustment device and a gear meshing device for a gear meshing instrument according to some embodiments.

[0028] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and 3As shown, the first aspect of this application proposes a center distance adjustment device for a gear meshing instrument, comprising: a servo motor 1; a lead screw 8 connected to the output shaft of the servo motor 1; a lead screw nut 9 fitted on the lead screw 8 and capable of moving along the axial direction of the lead screw 8; an end cover 10 connected to the lead screw nut 9; a tension / compression spring 12 disposed on the end cover 10 for connecting to the gear under test; a sensor for detecting the compression deformation of the tension / compression spring 12; and a control system communicatively connected to the servo motor 1 and the sensor. The servo motor 1 drives the lead screw 8 to rotate, thereby moving the lead screw nut 9, the end cover 10, and the tension / compression spring 12 as a whole to adjust the center distance between the gear under test and the measuring gear. The control system is configured to: determine the gear collision situation based on the compression deformation detected by the sensor, and control the servo motor 1 to reverse and drive the gear under test to retract.

[0029] The center distance adjustment device for a gear meshing instrument provided in this application includes a servo motor 1, a lead screw 8, a lead nut 9, an end cover 10, a tension / compression spring 12, a sensor, and a control system. When the gear under test contacts or collides with the measuring gear, the tension / compression spring 12 undergoes compression deformation. The sensor detects this compression deformation signal in real time and feeds it back to the control system. If the control system determines that a gear collision has occurred, it drives the servo motor 1 to reverse and retract. This effectively avoids damage to the gear tooth surface, deterioration of equipment accuracy, or even structural damage caused by collisions, improves the safety and reliability of the gear meshing instrument's operation, and extends the service life of the equipment.

[0030] During the adjustment of the center distance to engage the gears, the minute deformation of the spring itself serves as a true feedback of the engagement state, avoiding the impact and positioning errors caused by rigid collisions. Simultaneously, the servo motor 1 drives the lead screw 8 to rotate, causing the lead screw nut 9, end cap 10, and tension / compression spring 12 to move as a whole. This allows for precise control of the relative position between the gear being measured and the measuring gear, achieving accurate adjustment of the center distance. This meets the needs of meshing measurements for gears of different specifications, improving the accuracy and reliability of the measurement.

[0031] Traditional tooth collision detection requires manual intervention and readjustment, severely slowing down the inspection process. This device achieves fully automated and instantaneous completion of tooth collision detection, judgment, and retraction, reducing inspection interruptions caused by accidental collisions. Operators no longer need to frequently check or worry about tooth collisions, shortening the entire inspection cycle and significantly improving inspection efficiency.

[0032] The center distance adjustment device for gear meshing instrument provided in this application organically combines mechanical transmission, sensor detection and intelligent control, which not only solves the problem of tooth collision damage, but also achieves synergistic improvement in measurement accuracy, detection efficiency and operational safety.

[0033] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and 3As shown in some embodiments provided in this application, the center distance adjustment device for the gear meshing instrument further includes: a connecting seat 3; a motor mounting seat 2, disposed in the connecting seat 3, for mounting the servo motor 1; a bearing assembly, disposed in the connecting seat 3, for supporting the lead screw 8; and a cover plate 5, disposed at the end of the connecting seat 3 away from the servo motor 1, for sealing the bearing assembly.

[0034] In this embodiment, the center distance adjustment device for the gear meshing instrument also includes a connecting seat 3, a motor mounting seat 2, a bearing assembly, and a cover plate 5.

[0035] The motor mounting base 2, located on the connecting base 3, provides a stable mounting position for the servo motor 1, ensuring smooth operation, reducing errors caused by vibration, and improving adjustment accuracy. The bearing assembly, installed within the connecting base 3, supports the lead screw 8, effectively reducing frictional resistance during lead screw 8 rotation, resulting in smoother and more efficient transmission. It also enhances the load-bearing capacity of the lead screw 8, ensuring stable operation even under prolonged high-load conditions. The cover plate 5, located at the end of the connecting base 3 furthest from the servo motor 1, provides a good seal for the bearing assembly, preventing dust and impurities from entering, avoiding accelerated wear due to contamination, extending the bearing assembly's lifespan, and reducing maintenance costs. The coordinated operation of these components improves the reliability, stability, and durability of the center distance adjustment device, ensuring the measurement accuracy of the gear meshing instrument.

[0036] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in some embodiments provided in this application, the center distance adjustment device for the gear meshing instrument further includes: a coupling 4, and the lead screw 8 is connected to the output shaft of the servo motor 1 through the coupling 4.

[0037] In this embodiment, the coupling 4, as a highly efficient connecting element, ensures the efficient and reliable transmission of rotational power from the servo motor 1 to the lead screw 8, guaranteeing the integrity of the transmission chain. Furthermore, the coupling 4 can compensate for minor radial, axial, or angular misalignments that may occur between the output shaft of the servo motor 1 and the lead screw 8 during installation. This compensation capability avoids forced constraints caused by alignment accuracy errors, significantly reducing additional wear and vibration of the transmission components, thereby protecting the precision servo motor 1 and the lead screw and nut pair, and extending their service life.

[0038] In addition, the flexible coupling 4 can absorb the instantaneous impact vibration during motor start-up, shutdown and reversal, making the movement of the entire center distance adjustment process smoother and effectively preventing instantaneous hard collisions between the measuring gear and the measured gear that may be caused by rigid impact, further improving the reliability of gear collision protection.

[0039] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, in some embodiments provided in this application, the center distance adjustment device for a gear meshing instrument further includes: a mounting connector 11, disposed on the end cover 10, for mounting a tension / compression spring 12.

[0040] In this embodiment, the mounting connector 11 provides a standard and precise mounting position for the tension / compression spring 12, making the spring installation process simpler and faster, effectively reducing installation time and labor costs, and improving assembly efficiency.

[0041] The mounting connector 11 can also guide and constrain the tension and compression spring 12, so that the spring can move along a predetermined direction when it is compressed or stretched, reducing the spring's offset and deformation, thereby improving the accuracy of the tension and compression spring 12 in detecting compression deformation, and further improving the accuracy of the entire center distance adjustment device in adjusting the gear center distance, ensuring the measurement quality of the gear meshing instrument.

[0042] In some embodiments provided in this application, the center distance adjustment device for the gear meshing instrument further includes: an absolute encoder, which is disposed on the servo motor 1. The absolute encoder is used to provide feedback on the rotational position of the servo motor 1 in order to obtain the linear displacement of the nut 9.

[0043] In this embodiment, the center distance adjustment device for the gear meshing instrument also includes an absolute encoder. The absolute encoder can provide real-time feedback on the absolute angular position of the servo motor 1 shaft. The control system can directly obtain the precise linear displacement of the lead screw nut 9 and its connected components through precise lead screw pitch conversion, realizing closed-loop control of center distance changes. This eliminates the influence of backlash and cumulative errors commonly found in traditional transmission mechanisms on positioning accuracy, ensuring extremely high repeatability in each adjustment and providing a reliable distance reference for gear meshing accuracy detection.

[0044] Furthermore, unlike incremental encoders, absolute encoders retain their absolute position even after power failure, allowing for immediate use upon power-on without the need for cumbersome homing operations. This simplifies the operation process and shortens preparation time. Simultaneously, direct position feedback enhances the ability to detect anomalies, further improving the speed and accuracy of the tooth-collision protection function.

[0045] In some embodiments provided in this application, the tension / compression spring 12 is a cylindrical helical spring, and the preload of the cylindrical helical spring during installation is configured to be greater than the maximum resistance during no-load operation.

[0046] In this embodiment, the preload of the cylindrical helical spring during installation is configured to be greater than the maximum resistance during no-load operation. A reasonable preload ensures that the cylindrical helical spring maintains a tight connection under no-load conditions, effectively preventing loosening or shaking caused by vibration or minor external forces. This makes the entire center distance adjustment device operate more smoothly and reliably, reducing measurement errors.

[0047] The preload force is greater than the maximum resistance during no-load operation, which allows the spring to react quickly when subjected to load and generate corresponding elastic deformation. This makes the center distance between the measured gear and the measuring gear more timely and accurate, and improves the device's adaptability to different measurement conditions.

[0048] In some embodiments provided in this application, the center distance adjustment device for the gear meshing instrument further includes: a compression adjustment device for adjusting the compression amount of the tension spring 12 that triggers automatic retraction.

[0049] In this embodiment, the center distance adjustment device for the gear meshing instrument also includes a compression adjustment device. The compression adjustment device allows for flexible setting of the spring compression required to trigger automatic retraction, based on the specifications of the gear being tested (such as module and material) and specific testing requirements. For precision or fragile small-module gears, the trigger point can be set to a smaller compression amount to achieve millisecond-level early collision warning and rapid retraction, minimizing any minor damage. For large-specification gears with good rigidity, the trigger compression amount can be appropriately increased to avoid false alarms and frequent interruptions caused by normal inertia or vibration, thereby ensuring safety while maintaining the continuity of the testing process.

[0050] In some embodiments provided in this application, the compression adjustment device includes an adjusting nut, which is threadedly connected to the end cap 10 or the mounting joint 11, and is used to adjust the compression by changing the preload of the tension spring 12.

[0051] In this embodiment, the compression adjustment device includes an adjusting nut. The threaded connection makes the adjustment process simple and easy to operate. The operator only needs to rotate the adjusting nut to accurately control the preload of the tension spring 12 and thus flexibly adjust its compression. No complicated tools or cumbersome steps are required. It can quickly adapt to the measurement needs of gears of different specifications and effectively improve work efficiency.

[0052] The threaded connection has high precision and can achieve minute adjustments, ensuring the accuracy of the compression adjustment of the tension spring 12. This allows the center distance adjustment device to more accurately control the center distance between the gear being tested and the measuring gear, thereby improving the measurement accuracy and reliability of the gear meshing instrument.

[0053] In some embodiments provided in this application, when the compression deformation detected by the sensor exceeds a first threshold, the servo motor 1 is controlled to retract a first predetermined distance at a first speed; if the compression deformation exceeds a second threshold again during the reset process, the servo motor 1 is controlled to retract a second predetermined distance at a second speed; wherein the second speed is greater than the first speed, and the second predetermined distance is greater than the first predetermined distance.

[0054] In this embodiment, when the sensor compression deformation is detected to exceed a first threshold for the first time, the servo motor 1 is controlled to retract a first predetermined distance at a first speed. This is a relatively mild response. The relatively slow first speed ensures a smooth retraction process, avoids excessive impact force due to excessive speed, and prevents additional damage to gears and other components of the device. It also gives the system a buffer and time for reconfirmation, preventing malfunctions caused by occasional abnormal signals and ensuring the accuracy of the adjustment.

[0055] If the compression deformation exceeds the second threshold again during the reset process, it indicates a potentially serious gear collision or other abnormality. In this case, the servo motor 1 is controlled to retract a greater second predetermined distance at a higher second speed. This quickly separates the gear under test from the measuring gear, preventing further gear damage and reducing losses due to failure. The increased second speed and second predetermined distance reflect the tiered handling of abnormalities of varying severity, making the device's response more scientific and rational.

[0056] This hierarchical control strategy not only improves the device's adaptability in the face of anomalies, but also enhances the system's stability and reliability, effectively ensuring the smooth operation of the gear meshing instrument's measurement work, extending the equipment's service life, and reducing maintenance costs.

[0057] In practical applications, the control system is also configured to: record spring force fluctuation data detected by sensors during stable meshing; and calculate and output gear transmission smoothness indicators based on the spring force fluctuation data. By monitoring spring force fluctuations during stable meshing, this fluctuation data can be transformed into a quantitative indicator for evaluating gear transmission smoothness. While performing basic accuracy testing, it can simultaneously and online evaluate the dynamic transmission performance of gears without the need for additional equipment. This function provides more direct data support for gear quality assessment and process optimization, enhancing the added value and efficiency of the testing process.

[0058] The center distance adjustment device for the gear meshing instrument also includes a heat dissipation structure, which comprises heat dissipation fins formed on the outer wall of the connecting seat 3 and a thermally conductive pad disposed between the servo motor 1 and the motor mounting seat 2. The heat dissipation fins increase the heat dissipation area of ​​the connecting seat 3, accelerating heat dissipation; the thermally conductive pad can quickly conduct the heat generated by the servo motor 1 to the motor mounting seat 2, preventing localized overheating. The heat dissipation structure reduces transmission errors caused by thermal deformation, ensures the long-term stability and measurement accuracy of the center distance adjustment, extends the service life of key components such as the servo motor 1, and improves the continuous working capability and reliability of the equipment.

[0059] The center distance adjustment device for the gear meshing instrument also includes a limit protection mechanism, which comprises: a hard limit switch, set at the theoretical stroke limit position of the lead screw nut 9; and a soft limit range, set by the control system based on the displacement feedback from the absolute encoder. When the lead screw nut 9 enters the soft limit range, the control system controls the servo motor 1 to decelerate. When the hard limit switch is triggered, the control system immediately cuts off the power to the servo motor 1. By setting up a dual soft and hard limit protection mechanism, the safety and operational reliability of the equipment are effectively improved. The soft limit, as a warning range, allows the lead screw nut 9 to decelerate smoothly when approaching the end of its stroke, avoiding impact; the hard limit, as the final physical protection, can immediately cut off the power in abnormal situations, preventing mechanical overshoot and structural damage. This ensures both transmission accuracy and equipment safety, and also enhances the system's fault tolerance and stability during automatic operation.

[0060] The second aspect of this application discloses a gear meshing device, comprising: a center distance adjustment device for a gear meshing device as described in any of the above technical solutions.

[0061] The gear meshing device provided in this application includes the center distance adjustment device for the gear meshing device in any of the above technical solutions, and therefore has all the beneficial technical effects of the center distance adjustment device for the gear meshing device, which will not be repeated here.

[0062] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown in the specific embodiment, this application proposes a center distance adjustment device for a gear meshing instrument, which has a tooth collision retraction function, effectively solving the problem of gear collision damage, while improving detection accuracy and operational safety.

[0063] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solution: a center distance adjustment device for a gear meshing instrument, comprising a servo motor 1, a motor mounting base 2, a connecting base 3, a coupling 4, a cover plate 5, an M5 screw 6, an M6 screw 7, a lead screw 8, a lead screw nut 9, an end cover 10, a spring mounting joint 11, and a tension / compression spring 12. The servo motor 1 is connected to the motor mounting base 2, and the servo motor 1 is connected to the lead screw 8 via the coupling 4. The lead screw nut 9 moves linearly on the lead screw 8, and the lead screw nut 9 is connected to the end cover 10. The end cover 10 is connected to the spring mounting joint 11, and the spring mounting joint 11 is connected to the tension / compression spring 12. The tension / compression spring 12 is connected to the test bench via bolts, and the gear under test is mounted on the test bench.

[0064] The tooth collision retraction function is achieved in the following way: when the gear under test contacts the test gear, the tension spring 12 can compress a certain amount, which is fed back to the control system through the sensor. When it is determined that a tooth collision has occurred, the control system immediately issues a command to drive the lead screw and nut pair to retract in the opposite direction through the servo motor 1, so as to avoid further damage to the gear, solve the problem of gear collision damage during equipment operation, and improve detection accuracy and operation safety.

[0065] Under normal operating conditions, the rotational power of the servo motor 1 is transmitted to the high-precision lead screw 8, driving the lead screw nut 9 to move linearly along the lead screw 8. The lead screw nut 9 is connected to the end cover 10, which in turn transmits the displacement change to the tension / compression spring 12, causing it to undergo corresponding extension / retraction deformation. This deformation is detected in real time by a sensor and fed back to the control system, which calculates and determines whether gear collision has occurred. Once gear collision is detected, the control system immediately issues a command to drive the servo motor 1 in reverse, causing the lead screw and lead screw nut pair to retract in the opposite direction, thereby preventing further damage to the gears.

[0066] The center distance adjustment device's tooth-collision retraction function effectively prevents excessive damage to the tested gear and measuring gear at the moment of contact, helping to improve the gear product qualification rate and reduce production costs. Simultaneously, the cooperation of the servo motor 1 and the high-precision lead screw and nut pair effectively suppresses backlash errors during transmission, ensuring the accuracy of gear meshing during testing and improving the reliability of test data. Furthermore, the tooth-collision retraction mechanism reduces testing interruptions and gear replacement frequency caused by accidental collisions, significantly improving testing efficiency and shortening the overall testing cycle. The entire device has a compact structure, reasonable layout, and small footprint, facilitating on-site installation and maintenance.

[0067] In this application, the term "multiple" refers to two or more unless otherwise expressly defined. The terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; "linking" can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0068] In the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "specific embodiment," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0069] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A center distance adjustment device for a gear meshing instrument, characterized in that, include: Servo motor; The lead screw is connected to the output shaft of the servo motor; A lead screw nut is fitted onto the lead screw and can move along the axial direction of the lead screw; End cap, connected to the nut; A tension / compression spring is provided on the end cap for connecting to the gear being tested; Sensors are used to detect the compression deformation of the tension and compression springs; The control system is communicatively connected to the servo motor and the sensor. The servo motor drives the lead screw to rotate, which in turn moves the lead screw nut, end cap, and tension / compression spring as a whole to adjust the center distance between the gear being tested and the measuring gear. The control system is configured to: determine the tooth collision situation based on the compression deformation detected by the sensor, and control the servo motor to reverse and drive the tested gear to retract.

2. The center distance adjustment device for a gear meshing instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Connector; A motor mounting bracket, disposed on the connecting bracket, is used to mount the servo motor; A bearing assembly, disposed within the connecting seat, is used to support the lead screw; A cover plate, located at the end of the connector away from the servo motor, is used to seal the bearing assembly.

3. The center distance adjustment device for a gear meshing instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A coupling is used to connect the lead screw to the output shaft of the servo motor.

4. The center distance adjustment device for a gear meshing instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A mounting connector is provided on the end cap for mounting the tension / compression spring.

5. The center distance adjustment device for a gear meshing instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: An absolute encoder is installed on the servo motor. The absolute encoder is used to provide feedback on the angular position of the servo motor in order to obtain the linear displacement of the nut.

6. The center distance adjustment device for a gear meshing instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tension / compression spring is a cylindrical helical spring, and the preload of the cylindrical helical spring during installation is configured to be greater than the maximum resistance during no-load operation.

7. The center distance adjustment device for a gear meshing instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, Also includes: A compression adjustment device is used to adjust the compression amount of the tension spring that triggers automatic retraction.

8. The apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that, The compression adjustment device includes an adjusting nut, which is threaded to the end cap or mounting joint and is used to adjust the compression by changing the preload of the tension spring.

9. The center distance adjustment device for a gear meshing instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, If the compression deformation detected by the sensor exceeds a first threshold, the servo motor is controlled to retract a first predetermined distance at a first speed. If the compression deformation exceeds the second threshold again during the reset process, the servo motor is controlled to retract a second predetermined distance at a second speed. Wherein, the second speed is greater than the first speed, and the second predetermined distance is greater than the first predetermined distance.

10. A gear meshing device, characterized in that, include: The center distance adjustment device for a gear meshing instrument as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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