Lead-acid storage battery

Abstract

The invention provides a lead-acid storage battery, and relates to the technical field of lead-acid storage batteries. The lead-acid storage battery comprises an ammonia rod and a storage battery body, the ammonia rod comprises a closed tubular shell, and the tubular shell is filled with liquid ammonia; when the temperature of the environment where the liquid ammonia is located reaches the target heat dissipation temperature, the liquid ammonia is gasified; the ammonia rod vertically penetrates through the upper cover of the storage battery body, and the bottom end of the ammonia rod is close to the polar plate in the storage battery body. The high temperature resistance of the lead-acid storage battery can be improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of lead-acid storage batteries, and in particular to a lead-acid storage battery. BACKGROUND

[0002] The lead-acid storage battery is widely used in many fields due to its low cost and mature technology, such as automobile starting power, energy storage system, backup power supply, etc.

[0003] However, when used in a high-temperature environment, the lead-acid storage battery faces many problems such as accelerated corrosion of the plate, serious loss of electrolyte, increased risk of thermal runaway, and shortened battery life, which seriously affects its performance and service life, and increases the use cost and maintenance workload.

[0004] In the related art, the high-temperature resistance of the lead-acid storage battery is improved mainly by improving the plate material and structure, optimizing the electrolyte formula, and strengthening the battery heat dissipation. However, the heat dissipation effect of the above method is not ideal, and the high-temperature resistance of the lead-acid storage battery cannot be effectively improved. SUMMARY

[0005] The embodiments of the present application provide a lead-acid storage battery to solve the problem that the high-temperature resistance of the lead-acid storage battery in the related art cannot be effectively improved.

[0006] In a first aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a lead-acid storage battery, comprising: an ammonia stick and a storage battery body. The ammonia stick comprises a closed tubular shell, and the tubular shell is filled with liquid ammonia; when the ambient temperature of the liquid ammonia reaches a target heat dissipation temperature, the liquid ammonia is gasified. The ammonia stick is vertically arranged in the upper cover of the storage battery body, and the bottom end of the ammonia stick is close to the plate inside the storage battery body.

[0007] In a possible implementation, the pressure value inside the tubular shell is the pressure value corresponding to the gasification of the liquid nitrogen at the target heat dissipation temperature.

[0008] In a possible implementation, the mass of the liquid ammonia in the ammonia stick is the mass of the liquid ammonia required to consume a target heat dissipation amount; and the target heat dissipation amount is the heat dissipation amount generated when the temperature of the storage battery body drops to the target heat dissipation temperature. The target heat dissipation amount is the product of the sum of the charging heat and the environmental invasion heat and the heat dissipation time; the charging heat is the product of the charging current and the charging voltage when the storage battery body is charging; and the environmental invasion heat is determined according to the ambient temperature of the storage battery body and the target heat dissipation temperature.

[0009] In a possible implementation, the volume of the liquid ammonia is 50% to 70% of the internal volume of the tubular shell.

[0010] In a possible implementation, the top end of the tubular shell is provided with at least one heat dissipation fin.

[0011] In a possible implementation, the outer surface of the tubular shell is coated with a phenolic fluorine resin layer.

[0012] In a possible implementation, a hexagonal head structure is arranged around a preset outer surface area between the top end and the bottom end of the tubular shell. A lower preset area of the outer surface of the hexagonal head structure is provided with an injection molded external thread. The upper cover of the battery body is provided with a fixing groove, the sidewall of the fixing groove is provided with an internal thread, and the bottom of the fixing groove is provided with a penetrating hole coaxial with the fixing groove. The hexagonal head structure on the tubular shell is screwed into the fixing groove via the injection molded external thread and the internal thread, and the bottom end of the tubular shell penetrates the penetrating hole and is close to the plate inside the battery body. The upper area of the outer surface of the hexagonal head structure, which is not provided with the injection molded external thread, is used to fix the installation tool, so that the installation tool can screw the hexagonal head structure on the tubular shell into the fixing groove.

[0013] In a possible implementation, when the hexagonal head structure on the tubular shell is screwed into the fixing groove, a circular ring gasket is arranged at the contact position between the bottom end of the hexagonal head structure and the bottom of the fixing groove.

[0014] In a possible implementation, the wall thickness of the tubular shell is greater than or equal to 3 mm.

[0015] In a possible implementation, the battery body includes at least one battery monomer, the number of ammonia sticks is at least one, and each battery monomer corresponds to one ammonia stick, and each ammonia stick is vertically arranged in the corresponding upper cover area of each battery monomer.

[0016] In the embodiment of the application, the ammonia stick is vertically arranged in the upper cover of the battery body, so that the bottom end of the ammonia stick can be close to the plate inside the battery body. In a high temperature environment during the day, the plate generates a large amount of heat when the battery body works. Once the temperature of the environment where the liquid ammonia is located reaches the target heat dissipation temperature, the liquid ammonia begins to absorb heat and vaporize, thereby helping the plate to dissipate heat and effectively reducing the internal temperature of the lead-acid battery. When the ambient temperature drops below the target heat dissipation temperature at night, the gaseous ammonia at the top end of the ammonia stick liquefies and falls to the bottom end of the ammonia stick, thereby preparing for the next daytime heat dissipation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1is a structural schematic view of the lead-acid storage battery provided by the embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 is a sectional view of the ammonia stick provided by the embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 is a top view of the ammonia stick provided by the embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 is a structural schematic view of the fixing groove on the upper cover of the storage battery body provided by the embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 is a structural schematic view of the ammonia stick provided by the embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to make the person skilled in the art better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0019] The terms "include", and other any variations thereof, in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-described drawings, refer to "include but not limited to", and are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, and are not limited to the examples listed in the text. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" and the like are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific order.

[0020] The implementation of the present application will be described in detail below in combination with specific drawings: In the related art, the high-temperature resistance of the lead-acid storage battery is improved mainly by improving the plate material and structure, optimizing the electrolyte formula, and strengthening the battery heat dissipation. However, the heat dissipation effect of the above method is not ideal, and the high-temperature resistance of the lead-acid storage battery cannot be effectively improved.

[0021] In order to effectively improve the high-temperature resistance of the lead-acid storage battery, the embodiment of the present application utilizes the characteristics that liquid ammonia has large latent heat of vaporization and can quickly absorb a large amount of heat. By vertically penetrating the ammonia stick on the upper cover of the storage battery body, and the bottom end of the ammonia stick is close to the internal plate of the storage battery, when the storage battery body works during the day and the plate dissipates a large amount of heat, the liquid ammonia can absorb heat and vaporize, thereby helping the plate to dissipate heat and effectively reducing the internal temperature of the lead-acid storage battery. When the ambient temperature drops below the target heat dissipation temperature at night, the gaseous ammonia at the top end of the ammonia stick liquefies and falls back to the bottom end of the ammonia stick, thereby preparing for the next daytime heat dissipation.

[0022] Figure 1 is a structural schematic view of the lead-acid storage battery provided by the embodiment of the present application. Referring to Figure 1The lead-acid battery includes: an ammonia rod 11 and a battery body 12; The ammonia rod 11 includes a closed tubular outer shell 111, and the tubular outer shell 111 is filled with liquid ammonia 112; when the ambient temperature of the liquid ammonia reaches the target heat dissipation temperature, the liquid ammonia vaporizes. The ammonia rod 11 is vertically inserted through the upper cover 121 of the battery body 12, and the bottom end of the ammonia rod 11 is close to the electrode plate inside the battery body.

[0023] The latent heat of vaporization of ammonia rods is 1145 kJ / kg. That is, every 1 kg of liquid ammonia absorbs 1145 kJ of heat when vaporized. The inventors recognized that ammonia rods have a large latent heat of vaporization and can quickly absorb a large amount of heat. Liquid ammonia is filled into a closed tubular shell to form an ammonia rod 11, and the ammonia rod 11 is vertically inserted into the upper cover 121 of the battery body so that the bottom end of the ammonia rod 11 can be immersed in the electrolyte inside the battery body and close to the plates, so as to capture most of the heat transferred from the plates to the electrolyte, thereby utilizing the heat-absorbing vaporization property of liquid ammonia to dissipate heat and cool the battery body.

[0024] Here, the tubular outer casing can be made of a metal material that is resistant to strong acid corrosion and has high thermal conductivity, such as 316 stainless steel. This prevents the ammonia rod from being corroded by the electrolyte and allows the liquid ammonia inside the ammonia rod to sensitively respond to the temperature inside the battery.

[0025] In some embodiments, the outer surface of the tubular housing may also be coated with a phenolic resin layer.

[0026] Here, phenolic fluoropolymers can withstand alternating corrosion environments of strong acids and strong alkalis with pH values ​​of 1-14. They have excellent shielding properties against corrosion by chloride ions, sulfides, etc., effectively preventing electrochemical and chemical corrosion. They also maintain stable performance within a temperature range of -60℃ to 300℃, thus avoiding corrosion of the tubular outer shell.

[0027] See Figure 1 When the ammonia rod is vertically inserted into the top cover of the battery body, the bottom end of the ammonia rod is slightly higher than the top end of the electrode plate, so that the ammonia rod is close to but does not contact the electrode plate, in order to prevent electrical short circuit.

[0028] As ambient temperature and battery operating temperature rise during the day, until the ambient temperature of the liquid ammonia exceeds the target heat dissipation temperature, the liquid ammonia at the bottom of the ammonia rod vaporizes into gaseous ammonia, which rises to the top of the ammonia rod, absorbing a large amount of heat to cool the battery and improve its high-temperature resistance. During this stage, the ammonia rod absorbs and stores a large amount of heat through the latent heat of vaporization of the liquid ammonia, effectively "shaving off peaks" in the battery's temperature rise curve. Its core function is to suppress sudden spikes in battery temperature.

[0029] As night falls and the ambient temperature naturally drops below the condensation temperature of ammonia, the ammonia accumulated at the top of the ammonia rod begins to release heat to the outside world. The ammonia condenses into liquid ammonia and flows back to the bottom of the ammonia rod under the influence of gravity. During this stage, the ammonia rod releases the heat stored during the day into the low-temperature atmosphere at night, completing a full "heat absorption-heat release" cycle and preparing for the next day's work.

[0030] Compared to other heat dissipation methods, the method of using an ammonia rod to dissipate heat from the battery body in this embodiment of the invention has the following advantages: High-efficiency heat dissipation: Liquid ammonia has a large latent heat of vaporization, which can quickly absorb a large amount of heat. It has high heat transfer efficiency, effectively reducing the internal temperature of the battery body and inhibiting plate corrosion and electrolyte water loss.

[0031] Lower cost: Ammonia rods have a simple structure and low material cost, giving them a significant cost advantage in large-scale applications compared to expensive new battery materials.

[0032] High reliability: The gas-liquid conversion of liquid ammonia is a physical process with good stability. It does not require complex external equipment or energy input, and can operate reliably for a long time, reducing maintenance costs.

[0033] Highly adaptable: It can be flexibly designed and installed according to different models and sizes of lead-acid batteries, and is suitable for high-temperature battery protection in various application scenarios.

[0034] Extended service life: By stabilizing the operating temperature of the battery body, the corrosion rate of the plates can be reduced by 40%-60%, the electrolyte water loss can be reduced by more than 50%, and the battery cycle life can be increased to 1.5-2 times that of the original product under relatively high temperature conditions.

[0035] In some embodiments, the battery body includes at least one battery cell, and the number of ammonia rods is at least one, with each battery cell corresponding to each ammonia rod, and each ammonia rod passing through the upper cover area corresponding to each battery cell.

[0036] For example, see Figure 1 Taking a 12V 180Ah battery body as an example, the battery body contains 6 battery cells. Accordingly, in this embodiment of the invention, 6 ammonia rods are installed on the top cover of the battery body, and each ammonia rod is installed in the top cover area corresponding to each battery cell, so that each ammonia rod can dissipate heat for each battery cell.

[0037] Compared to existing technologies, this invention utilizes the high latent heat of vaporization of liquid ammonia, which allows it to rapidly absorb large amounts of heat. By vertically inserting an ammonia rod into the top cover of the battery body, the bottom of the ammonia rod can be close to the internal plates and electrolyte of the battery. During the daytime high-temperature environment, when the battery is operating, the plates and electrolyte dissipate a large amount of heat. Once the ambient temperature of the liquid ammonia reaches the target heat dissipation temperature, the liquid ammonia begins to absorb heat and vaporize, thereby helping to dissipate heat from the plates and electrolyte, effectively reducing the internal temperature of the lead-acid battery. When the ambient temperature drops below the target heat dissipation temperature at night, the vaporized ammonia at the top of the ammonia rod liquefies and falls back to the bottom of the ammonia rod, thus preparing for the next daytime heat dissipation.

[0038] In some embodiments, the pressure inside the tubular shell is the pressure corresponding to the vaporization of liquid nitrogen at the target heat dissipation temperature.

[0039] The vaporization temperature of liquid ammonia depends on the pressure environment in which it is located. Under different pressure environments, the vaporization temperature of liquid ammonia varies. Therefore, embodiments of the present invention adjust the pressure value inside the tubular outer shell so that the liquid ammonia inside the tubular outer shell can vaporize at a set temperature (i.e., the target heat dissipation temperature).

[0040] For example, the target heat dissipation temperature can be 30°C. When liquid ammonia vaporizes at 30°C, the pressure of its surrounding environment needs to be greater than or equal to 1.17 MPa. Therefore, in this embodiment of the invention, the pressure inside the tubular outer shell can be 1.17 MPa.

[0041] In some embodiments, the wall thickness of the tubular outer shell is greater than or equal to 3 mm.

[0042] Considering that the pressure inside the tubular shell is usually quite high, to prevent the tubular shell from breaking due to excessive internal pressure, this embodiment of the invention can set the wall thickness of the tubular shell to be greater than or equal to 3 mm. Here, a wall thickness of 3 mm can withstand a pressure of 20 MPa, thus ensuring the stability of the tubular shell.

[0043] In some embodiments, the mass of liquid ammonia in the ammonia rod is the mass of liquid ammonia required to consume the target heat dissipation; the target heat dissipation is the heat dissipation generated when the temperature of the battery body drops to the target heat dissipation temperature.

[0044] Here, the target heat dissipation is the sum of charging heat and environmental intrusion heat, multiplied by the heat dissipation time; the charging heat is the product of the charging current and charging voltage when the battery is charging; the environmental intrusion heat is determined based on the ambient temperature of the battery and the target heat dissipation temperature.

[0045] The heat load of a battery body mainly comes from two parts: internal heat generation and environmental heat intrusion. Considering that batteries generally generate more heat during charging than during discharging, this embodiment of the invention can determine the internal heat generation based on the heat generation of the battery during charging.

[0046] Here, the internal heat generated during charging, i.e., the charging heat, can be expressed as: Q1 = V × I. Where Q1 represents the charging heat, V represents the charging voltage, and I represents the charging current.

[0047] Environmental heat intrusion can be expressed as: Q2 = λ × S × ΔT. Where Q2 represents environmental heat intrusion, λ represents the thermal conductivity coefficient, S represents the surface area of ​​the lead-acid battery, and ΔT represents the difference between the ambient temperature and the target heat dissipation temperature. It is important to note that environmental heat intrusion only occurs when the ambient temperature is higher than the target heat dissipation temperature. If the ambient temperature is lower than the target heat dissipation temperature, no environmental heat intrusion occurs.

[0048] Here, considering that the battery body is mostly made of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS), the thermal conductivity can be the thermal conductivity of ABS.

[0049] The sum of the charging heat and the environmental intrusion heat is the heat dissipation per second of the battery body (that is, the heat that liquid ammonia needs to absorb per second). That is: Q3 = Q1 + Q2. If the heat dissipation time is 12 hours (i.e., daytime), then the target heat dissipation is: Q = 12 × 3600 × Q3. The heat required for liquid ammonia vaporization is 1145 kJ / kg, so the mass of liquid ammonia inside the ammonia rod is m = Q / 1145000.

[0050] After determining the mass of liquid ammonia, its volume can be determined accordingly, thereby determining the internal volume of the tubular shell. To provide sufficient space for the gaseous ammonia produced after the liquid ammonia vaporizes, in some embodiments, the volume of the liquid ammonia can be 50% to 70% of the internal volume of the tubular shell. Here, the internal volume of the tubular shell can be set by adjusting the inner diameter φ and height h of the tubular shell.

[0051] In some embodiments, see Figures 2-3 A hexagonal head structure 211 is provided around a predetermined outer surface area between the top and bottom ends of the tubular outer shell. An injection-molded external thread 212 is provided in a predetermined area on the lower part of the outer surface of the hexagonal head structure 211. See, for example, [reference needed]. Figure 2 The lower preset area does not include the bottom surface of the hexagonal head structure.

[0052] Here, a hexagonal head structure 211 with a regular hexagonal cross-section is provided in the middle area of ​​the tubular shell (i.e., the preset outer surface area), which is essentially equivalent to thickening the side wall of the middle area of ​​the tubular shell and setting the cross-section of the middle area to a regular hexagon.

[0053] To facilitate the installation of injection-molded external threads 212 on the hexagonal head structure 211, an ABS injection-molded layer 213 can be applied to the outer surface of the hexagonal head structure 211. For example... Figure 2 As shown, the ABS injection molding layer can be laid on the bottom surface of the hexagonal head structure 212 and the lower preset area of ​​its side surface, and the injection external thread 212 is provided on the side surface of the ABS injection molding layer.

[0054] See Figure 3 The ABS injection-molded layer 213 has a circular cross-section and is provided with external injection threads to facilitate screwing the hexagonal head structure onto the battery cover. See also Figure 2 The upper region 214 on the outer surface of the hexagonal head structure 211 without injection-molded external threads is used to fix the installation tool so that the installation tool can screw the hexagonal head structure on the tubular shell into the fixing groove.

[0055] See Figure 4 and Figure 5 A fixing groove 41 is provided on the upper cover 121 of the battery body; the side wall of the fixing groove 41 is provided with internal thread, and the bottom of the fixing groove is provided with a through hole 42, which is coaxial with the fixing groove 42.

[0056] The hexagonal head structure 211 on the tubular outer casing 111 is screwed into the fixing groove 41 via injection-molded external and internal threads; the bottom end of the tubular outer casing 111 penetrates the through hole 42, close to the plates inside the battery body. Here, an installation tool (e.g., a hex wrench) can be positioned on the upper region 214 of the hexagonal head structure without injection-molded external threads, and the lower predetermined region of the hexagonal head structure can be screwed into the fixing groove by manually rotating the installation tool. The bottom end of the tubular outer casing passes through the through hole, enters the battery body, and is close to the plates and electrolyte.

[0057] In some embodiments, see Figure 5 When the hexagonal head structure on the tubular outer shell is screwed and fixed in the fixing groove, a circular gasket 43 is provided at the contact position between the bottom end of the hexagonal head structure and the bottom of the fixing groove.

[0058] Here, a ring-shaped gasket is placed at the contact point between the hexagonal head structure and the bottom of the fixing groove to achieve a sealing effect and prevent electrolyte leakage.

[0059] In some embodiments, see Figure 2 and Figure 3The top of the tubular outer shell is provided with at least one heat dissipation fin 216, which can increase the contact area between the top of the ammonia rod and the air, so as to efficiently dissipate the heat carried by the gaseous ammonia, so as to convert the gaseous ammonia into liquid ammonia and prepare for the next heat dissipation.

[0060] See Figure 1 This invention uses a 12V 180Ah lead-acid battery for a certain type of automobile as an example. During vehicle operation or idling charging, this lead-acid battery is continuously subjected to high temperatures, leading to a shortened lifespan. According to the lead-acid battery structure provided by this invention, six ammonia rods are embedded in the battery. When the vehicle is driving during the day and the engine is continuously running to charge the battery, the charging heat Q1 of the lead-acid battery is superimposed with the environmental intrusion heat Q2, causing the lead-acid battery temperature to rise rapidly. When the internal temperature of the lead-acid battery exceeds the target heat dissipation temperature (preset temperature value) of 30°C, the ammonia rods embedded in the lead-acid battery begin to function. The liquid ammonia at its bottom absorbs the heat from the lead-acid battery and vaporizes violently. This process utilizes the high latent heat of vaporization of ammonia, enabling it to absorb heat quickly and in large quantities, essentially acting as a highly efficient "thermal energy sponge." When vehicles are parked at night and the ambient temperature drops below 25°C, the heat dissipation fins at the top of the ammonia rod begin to work efficiently. The gaseous ammonia accumulated at the top of the rod releases heat to the outside, condenses back into liquid ammonia, and flows back to the bottom under gravity, preparing for the next day's thermal cycle. Using this system, dissections after two years revealed a 40%-60% reduction in plate corrosion, a 50% reduction in electrolyte water loss, and a battery cycle life 1.6 times that of the original product.

[0061] In this embodiment of the invention, the liquid ammonia filled inside the ammonia rod serves as a heat transfer medium. Through the gas-liquid conversion of ammonia, the heat inside the lead-acid battery can be transferred and dissipated, thereby effectively improving the high-temperature resistance of the lead-acid battery.

[0062] In this embodiment of the invention, several ammonia rods are embedded inside the lead-acid battery to achieve effective heat dissipation and improve its high-temperature resistance. The ammonia rods are made of high-strength, acid- and alkali-resistant hollow tubular material, filled with liquid ammonia. The top of the tube has heat dissipation fins, and the bottom extends into the lead-acid battery near the plates or electrolyte. Taking a target heat dissipation temperature of 30°C as an example, the working principle utilizes the gas-liquid conversion and high latent heat of vaporization (approximately 1145 kJ / kg) of liquid ammonia at 30°C and a pressure ≥1.17 MPa to form a continuous heat transfer cycle, carrying away heat from the battery and stabilizing the lead-acid battery temperature within its normal operating range of approximately 30°C.

[0063] The embodiments of this invention utilize the ammonia rod heat dissipation structure of lead-acid batteries, which has significant advantages such as efficient heat dissipation, low cost, high reliability, strong adaptability, and extended battery life (here, the cycle life can be increased to 1.5-2 times that of the original product under relatively high temperature conditions). It is suitable for high temperature protection of batteries in various high-temperature application scenarios such as automotive starting power supplies, aircraft starting power supplies, energy storage systems, and backup power supplies.

[0064] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lead-acid battery, characterized in that, include: Ammonia rods and battery body; The ammonia rod includes a closed tubular outer shell, and the inside of the tubular outer shell is filled with liquid ammonia; when the ambient temperature of the liquid ammonia reaches the target heat dissipation temperature, the liquid ammonia vaporizes. The ammonia rod is vertically inserted through the upper cover of the battery body, and the bottom end of the ammonia rod is close to the electrode plate inside the battery body.

2. The lead-acid battery as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure inside the tubular outer shell is the pressure value corresponding to the vaporization of the liquid nitrogen at the target heat dissipation temperature.

3. The lead-acid battery as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The mass of liquid ammonia in the ammonia rod is the mass of liquid ammonia required to consume the target heat dissipation; the target heat dissipation is the heat dissipation generated when the temperature of the battery body drops to the target heat dissipation temperature. The target heat dissipation is the sum of charging heat and environmental intrusion heat, multiplied by the heat dissipation time; the charging heat is the product of the charging current and charging voltage when the battery body is charging; the environmental intrusion heat is determined based on the ambient temperature of the battery body and the target heat dissipation temperature.

4. The lead-acid battery as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The volume of the liquid ammonia is 50% to 70% of the internal volume of the tubular outer shell.

5. The lead-acid battery as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The top of the tubular outer casing is provided with at least one heat dissipation fin.

6. The lead-acid battery as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The outer surface of the tubular shell is covered with a phenolic resin layer.

7. The lead-acid battery as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, A hexagonal head structure is provided around the predetermined outer surface area between the top and bottom ends of the tubular shell; The lower preset area of ​​the outer surface of the hexagonal head structure is provided with injection-molded external threads; A fixing groove is provided on the upper cover of the battery body; the side wall of the fixing groove is provided with internal threads, and the bottom of the fixing groove is provided with a through hole, which is coaxial with the fixing groove. The hexagonal head structure on the tubular outer shell is screwed into the fixing groove via the injection-molded external thread and the internal thread; the bottom end of the tubular outer shell penetrates the through hole and is close to the electrode plate inside the battery body; wherein, the upper area on the outer surface of the hexagonal head structure without the injection-molded external thread is used to fix the installation tool so that the installation tool can screw the hexagonal head structure on the tubular outer shell into the fixing groove.

8. The lead-acid battery as described in claim 7, characterized in that, When the hexagonal head structure on the tubular outer shell is screwed into the fixing groove, a circular gasket is provided at the contact position between the bottom end of the hexagonal head structure and the bottom of the fixing groove.

9. The lead-acid battery as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The wall thickness of the tubular outer shell is greater than or equal to 3 mm.

10. The lead-acid battery as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The battery body includes at least one battery cell, and the number of ammonia rods is at least one, with each battery cell corresponding to each ammonia rod, and each ammonia rod being inserted into the upper cover area corresponding to each battery cell.

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