A negative pressure dusting polishing head

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of polishing heads, in particular to a negative pressure dust collection polishing head which comprises an outer shell, a rotating disc arranged in the outer shell and rotating around the axis direction of the rotating disc, and a dust collection part arranged at the bottom of the outer shell, wherein the connecting line between the dust collection port of the dust collection part and the axis of the rotating disc is perpendicular to the horizontal plane where the axis of the rotating disc is located, and the dust collection direction of the dust collection port is perpendicular to the side surface of the polishing side of the rotating disc. The vertical dust collection layout can make the dust collection port face the core area where dust is generated and scattered, greatly improves the dust collection efficiency of the negative pressure, reduces the dust scattering and escape, the vertical dust collection direction is matched with the natural falling track of the dust, the dust can be quickly introduced into the dust collection pipeline by the synergistic effect of gravity and negative pressure, and the adhesion and accumulation of the dust caused by long-time floating in the polishing head are avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of grinding head technology, and in particular to a negative pressure dust-collecting grinding head. Background Technology

[0002] In sanding operations such as building decoration and furniture manufacturing, negative pressure dust collection sanding heads have become core equipment for improving the quality of the working environment and protecting the health of operators due to their dust collection function. Their core working principle is that a high-speed rotating disc drives sandpaper to sand the surface to be processed, while the suction component generates negative pressure to draw the sanding dust into the pipes for discharge. However, existing negative pressure dust collection sanding heads still have many technical defects in practical applications, seriously affecting dust removal efficiency and equipment stability. In existing technologies, the suction direction of the suction component is often inclined to the sanding side of the disc, resulting in insufficient dust capture at the suction port. Some dust tends to drift into the interior of the sanding head rather than be directly sucked into the pipes. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In this section, as well as in the abstract and title of this application, some simplifications or omissions may be made to avoid obscuring the purpose of this section, the abstract, and the title of this application, and such simplifications or omissions shall not be used to limit the scope of the invention.

[0004] To address the problem of insufficient dust capture capacity in existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide a negative pressure dust collection and polishing head, comprising: a housing; a turntable disposed within the housing, the turntable rotating about its own central axis; and a dust collection component disposed at the bottom of the housing, wherein the vertical line formed between the dust collection direction of the dust collection component's suction port and the central axis of the turntable is perpendicular to the horizontal plane containing the central axis of the turntable, and the dust collection direction of the suction port is perpendicular to the side surface of the turntable on the polishing side.

[0005] As a preferred embodiment of the negative pressure dust extraction and polishing head of the present invention, it further includes: an inner fixed housing, which is fixedly installed in the outer shell, the central axis of the inner fixed housing is coaxial with the central axis of the outer shell; a turntable support member, which is disposed in the outer shell, the outer diameter of the turntable support member is smaller than the inner diameter of the inner fixed housing, and the turntable support member rotates around its own central axis.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment of the negative pressure dust extraction and polishing head of the present invention, it further includes a scraping component disposed on the inner fixed housing. The scraping component abuts against the outer peripheral surface of the turntable support component, and the scraping component is used to scrape off dust on the turntable support component.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the negative pressure dust extraction grinding head of the present invention, the scraping component includes n dust scrapers and m mounting plates, where n and m are both positive integers ≥1. The n dust scrapers and m mounting plates are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. The dust scrapers are mounted on the mounting plates, and the mounting plates are mounted on the inner fixed housing. The n dust scrapers are arranged along the extension direction of the outer peripheral surface of the turntable support.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the negative pressure dust extraction and polishing head of the present invention, the turntable rotates clockwise, and the dust scraper is located in the fourth quadrant of the projection of the side of the turntable facing away from the polishing side; the first angle between the extension line of the length direction of the dust scraper and the horizontal center plane of the turntable support is 15~20°.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the negative pressure dust extraction and polishing head of the present invention, the vertical cross-sectional area of ​​the inner fixed housing gradually decreases from the position away from the turntable to the position closer to the turntable, wherein the vertical cross-section of the inner fixed housing is perpendicular to the central axis of the inner fixed housing, and the outer peripheral surface of the inner fixed housing is used to guide dust to slide downward in a directional manner.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the negative pressure dust extraction and polishing head of the present invention, the vertical cross-sectional area of ​​the turntable support gradually decreases from the position away from the turntable to the position closer to the turntable, wherein the vertical cross-section of the turntable support is perpendicular to the central axis of the turntable support; the circumferential side surface of the inner fixed shell is arranged parallel to the circumferential side surface of the turntable support, and the second included angle between the circumferential side surface of the inner fixed shell and the axis of the turntable support is 15°~30°.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the negative pressure dust extraction grinding head of the present invention, wherein: a connecting cavity is formed between the inner fixed housing and the turntable support, and the inner fixed housing and the turntable support are clearance-fitted; a dust blocking component is provided in the connecting cavity, the dust blocking component is used to block the gap between the inner fixed housing and the turntable support, and two adjacent dust blocking components separate the connecting cavity into sub-chambers.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the negative pressure dust extraction and polishing head of the present invention, p dust-blocking components are provided, and the p dust-blocking components are used to divide the connecting cavity into multiple sub-chambers.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the negative pressure dust collection and polishing head of the present invention, the sub-chamber is provided with dust collection holes on the circumferential wall of the inner fixed shell. The dust collection holes are used to guide the dust in the sub-chamber to be discharged from the sub-chamber. There are q dust collection holes, where q is a positive integer ≥ 1. The q dust collection holes are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the m sub-chambers. The dust collection holes are located on the negative Y-axis of the projection of the turntable support member on the side of the turntable away from the polishing side. The falling direction of the dust in the dust collection holes is perpendicular to the dust collection direction of the suction port.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By setting the dust collection component at the bottom of the outer casing, the line connecting the dust collection port and the axis of the turntable is perpendicular to the horizontal plane containing the axis of the turntable, and the dust collection direction is perpendicular to the side of the turntable's grinding side. This vertical dust collection layout allows the dust collection port to be directly facing the core area where dust is generated and dispersed, greatly improving the efficiency of negative pressure dust capture and reducing dust dispersion and escape. The vertical dust collection direction coincides with the natural falling trajectory of dust. By utilizing the synergistic effect of gravity and negative pressure, dust can enter the dust collection pipe more quickly, avoiding the adhesion and accumulation of dust caused by prolonged floating inside the grinding head. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the negative pressure dust extraction and polishing head of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the inner fixed housing of the negative pressure dust suction grinding head of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a view of the grinding side of the negative pressure dust extraction grinding head of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 For this Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of BB.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the position of the scraping component in the negative pressure dust extraction grinding head of the present invention. Figure 1 .

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the position of the scraping component in the negative pressure dust extraction grinding head of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0022] Figure 7This is a schematic diagram showing the position of the second included angle of the negative pressure dust extraction and polishing head of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 8 for Figure 1 A magnified view of region A in the middle.

[0024] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the location of the dust collection hole in the negative pressure dust collection grinding head of the present invention.

[0025] In the diagram: 100, outer shell; 200, turntable; 300, dust collection component; 301, dust collection port; 400, inner fixed shell; 500, turntable support component; 501, horizontal center plane; 502, first included angle; 503, second included angle; 600, scraper component; 601, dust scraper blade; 602, mounting plate; 700, connecting cavity; 701, sub-chamber; 702, dust drop hole; 800, dust blocking component; L, annular spacing. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To make the objectives, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0028] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0029] Example 1, see Figure 1 This is the first embodiment of the present invention, which provides a negative pressure dust extraction and polishing head.

[0030] Specifically, the negative pressure vacuum polishing head includes a housing 100, a turntable 200, and a vacuuming component 300. The housing 100 is a hollow cylindrical structure made of engineering plastic or metal, combining lightweight characteristics with structural stability, providing installation support and protection for the internal structure. The turntable 200 is located inside the housing 100, with its central axis coaxial with the central axis of the housing 100. One side of the turntable 200 is the polishing side, used to attach three pieces of sandpaper. The three pieces of sandpaper are evenly arranged along the circumference of the turntable 200. The other side is the side opposite to the polishing side. The turntable 200 can rotate around its central axis to perform polishing operations.

[0031] Preferably, the vacuuming component 300 includes a negative pressure vacuuming motor, which is fixedly installed at the bottom of the outer casing 100, and the vacuuming port 301 of the vacuuming component 300 faces the area below the turntable 200. A brush is provided around the outer casing 100 facing the wall, and the brush arrangement creates a negative pressure area between the outer casing 100 and the wall.

[0032] The line connecting the suction port 301 and the axis of the turntable 200 is perpendicular to the horizontal plane where the axis of the turntable 200 is located; at the same time, the suction direction of the suction port 301 is perpendicular to the side of the turntable 200 on the grinding side, forming a face-to-face suction layout.

[0033] During operation, the dust generated by the rotation of the turntable 200 settles downwards under the action of gravity. The vertical negative pressure generated by the dust collection component 300 acts directly on the dust settling path, quickly drawing the dust into the dust collection port 301, thus capturing the dust.

[0034] Example 2, see Figures 1-7 This is the second embodiment of the present invention, and the structural details of the negative pressure dust collection and polishing head are described in detail one by one.

[0035] Specifically, the negative pressure vacuum polishing head also includes an inner fixed housing 400 and a turntable support 500. The inner fixed housing 400 is an annular cylindrical structure made of aluminum alloy and is fixedly installed inside the outer housing 100 by screws. The inner fixed housing 400 and the outer housing 100 are coaxially arranged to ensure installation accuracy. The turntable support 500 is also an annular structure, with its outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the inner fixed housing 400. The two are coaxially nested, and the turntable support 500 can rotate around its own central axis, rotating synchronously with the turntable 200. In this embodiment, the negative pressure vacuum polishing head is equipped with a drive motor. The turntable support 500 is mounted on the rotating shaft of the drive motor, and the turntable 200 is located at the end of the rotating shaft of the drive motor facing the wall, thereby realizing the synchronous rotation of the turntable support 500 and the turntable 200. The inner fixed housing 400 provides an installation reference and protection for the turntable support 500. The annular gap L formed between the inner fixed housing 400 and the turntable support 500 provides installation space for the subsequent dust guiding and scraping structure. At the same time, the nested layout optimizes the internal structure layout of the grinding head and improves the overall sealing performance.

[0036] Preferably, the grinding head also includes a scraper 600, which is mounted on the inner fixed housing 400. When the turntable 200 rotates clockwise, some dust is easily thrown off and adheres to the outer peripheral surface of the turntable support 500. The working end of the scraper 600 abuts against the outer peripheral surface of the turntable support 500. The scraper 600 can actively scrape off the dust adhering to the outer peripheral surface of the turntable support 500, preventing dust from accumulating and falling off to re-enter the rear.

[0037] Preferably, the scraping component 600 includes n scraper blades 601 and m mounting plates 602, where n and m are both positive integers ≥ 1. The n scraper blades 601 and m mounting plates 602 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. The scraper blades 601 are mounted on the mounting plates 602, and the mounting plates 602 are mounted on the inner circumferential surface of the inner fixed housing 400. In this embodiment, n is preferably 3. The 3 scraper blades 601 are evenly arranged along the axial direction of the turntable support 500, and the distance between adjacent scraper blades 601 is 10~15mm. Multiple scraper blades 601 are arranged along the extension direction of the outer circumferential surface of the turntable support 500 to form a multi-layer scraping area, which can cover different areas of the outer circumferential surface of the turntable support 500 over a larger area, improve the coverage of dust scraping, and avoid scraping dead corners.

[0038] Preferably, the first angle 502 between the extension line of the dust scraper 601 along its length and the horizontal center plane 501 of the turntable support 500 is 15~20°, and in this embodiment, it is preferably 18°. Installing it at an angle along the rotation direction of the turntable 200 reduces frictional resistance between the dust scraper 601 and the turntable 200, reduces wear, and extends service life. In this embodiment, the turntable 200 rotates clockwise. This clockwise reference angle is the angle from which a person looks at the wall. The dust scraper 601 is located in the fourth quadrant of the projection of the side of the turntable 200 facing away from the grinding side. Because the turntable 200 rotates clockwise, most of the dust that is kicked up accumulates at the end of one rotation cycle of the turntable 200. That is, the installation position in the fourth quadrant corresponds to the area where dust easily adheres, ensuring that the dust scraper 601 can efficiently contact and scrape off the dust, improving the targeting of the scraping.

[0039] The experimental conditions are shown in Table 1 below: Five sets of identical scraper blades 601 were fabricated, with an aluminum plate thickness of 2.5 mm. The installation angles were set at 15°, 16°, 18°, 19°, and 20° respectively. Other parameters, such as the contact distance with the turntable support 500 being 0.1 mm and the installation position being in the fourth quadrant, were completely consistent. Dust parameters: Common calcium carbonate dust used for grinding architectural walls was employed, with a particle size distribution of 0.1-100 μm, an average particle size of 50 μm, and a dust density of 1.2 g / cm³, simulating the characteristics of actual grinding dust. Equipment and environment: The drive motor controlled the turntable 200 to maintain a stable speed of 1500 r / min; an electronic balance with an accuracy of 0.001 g was used to weigh the amount of dust scraped and the amount of wear; a torque sensor with an accuracy of 0.01 N·m was used to measure the scraping resistance between the scraper blade 601 and the turntable 200; the experimental environment was at a room temperature of 25℃ and a humidity of 50%, with no airflow interference to ensure data repeatability.

[0040] Experimental procedure: After each sample is installed, the drive motor is started, and dust is continuously conveyed to the back of the grinding side of the turntable 200 through the dust generator at a conveying rate of 1g / min for 60 minutes. After the experiment, three core indicators are measured: dust scraping efficiency, wear amount, and dust scraping resistance. Each experiment is repeated 3 times, and the average value is taken as the final data.

[0041] Table 1:

[0042]

[0043] Explanation of the data in Table 1:

[0044] Dust removal efficiency = (total dust removed / total dust conveyed) × 100%, the higher the value, the better the dust removal effect;

[0045] Wear amount = mass of scraper 601 before the experiment - mass of scraper 601 after the experiment. The lower the value, the longer the life of scraper 601.

[0046] Dust scraping resistance = frictional resistance between the dust scraper 601 and the turntable support 500 as measured by the torque sensor. The lower the value, the smaller the load on the turntable support 500, thus avoiding excessive energy consumption of the grinding head.

[0047] Data validation analysis in Table 1:

[0048] Dust removal efficiency: The dust removal effect is optimal when the first included angle 502 is 18°, reaching its peak. Specific performance data and analysis for other different first included angles 502 are as follows:

[0049] The first included angle 502 is 15°: the scraping efficiency is only 88.6%. Because the first included angle 502 is too small, the contact area between the dust scraper 601 and the surface of the turntable support 500 is insufficient, covering only 65% ​​of the surface of the turntable support 500. Some dust is missed and not effectively scraped away. At the same time, the small tilt angle results in insufficient scraping force of the dust scraper 601 on the dust, and fine dust particles still adhere to the surface of the turntable support 500.

[0050] The first included angle 502 is 16°: the efficiency is increased to 91.3%. The increase of the first included angle 502 increases the contact area of ​​the dust scraper 601 to 78%, the scraping force is enhanced, and the amount of dust that is missed is reduced. However, a small amount of dust still remains on the edge of the turntable support 500 due to the poor cutting angle of the fit.

[0051] The first included angle 502 is 18°: the efficiency reaches a peak of 96.8%. At this time, the contact area between the dust scraper 601 and the surface of the turntable support 500 reaches 92%, and the tilt angle is perfectly matched with the rotation direction of the turntable support 500. The dust scraper 601 is in a forward cutting state, which can not only fully cover the surface of the turntable support 500, but also generate the best scraping force on the attached dust. After the experiment, the amount of residual dust on the surface of the turntable support 500 is only 0.032g, which is far lower than other groups.

[0052] The first included angle 502 is 19°: the efficiency drops slightly to 95.2%. The first included angle 502 is too large, which causes the contact mode between the dust scraper 601 and the turntable support 500 to change from surface contact to partial contact. The contact area drops to 85%, and some areas have scraping blind spots. A small amount of dust accumulates in the blind spots and cannot be scraped off.

[0053] The first included angle 502 is 20°: the efficiency further drops to 92.5%. The first included angle 502 is too large, causing the front end of the dust scraper 601 to bend excessively and fall over. It cannot effectively fit the surface of the turntable support 500, and the amount of dust missed is significantly increased, and the scraping effect is significantly reduced.

[0054] The wear of the dust scraper 601 is minimal and the component lifespan is longest when the first included angle 502 is 18°.

[0055] The first included angle 502 is 15° / 20°: the wear amounts are 3.2mg and 3.0mg respectively, both at a relatively high level. At 15°, due to the small contact area between the dust scraper 601 and the turntable support 500, the local pressure is too high, reaching 1.2MPa, making the dust scraper 601 easily broken. At 20°, due to the tilting phenomenon, the connection between the root of the dust scraper 601 and the mounting plate 602 is subject to concentrated force, making it prone to damage and leading to accelerated wear.

[0056] The first included angle 502 is 16° / 19°: the wear amount is reduced to 2.8mg and 2.5mg. The optimization of the first included angle 502 makes the contact pressure of the dust scraper 601 uniform at 0.8~0.9MPa, and the stress state of the dust scraper 601 is improved. However, due to slight defects in the contact area or bonding method, the wear amount is still higher than the optimal value.

[0057] The first included angle 502 is 18°: the wear amount is only 2.1mg. At this time, the dust scraper 601 and the turntable support 500 are in uniform surface contact, and the contact pressure is stable at 0.7MPa. The dust scraper 601 has a pressure tolerance threshold of 1.5MPa. The dust scraper 601 is neither excessively squeezed nor collapses, and only produces normal friction wear. After the experiment, the length of the dust scraper 601 is still 5.8mm, with almost no significant shortening. The component life can be extended to 1.5 times that of the conventional angle.

[0058] Dust scraping resistance: The resistance is the lowest and the energy consumption is the lowest when the first included angle 50° is 18°;

[0059] The first included angle 502 is 15° / 20°: the resistance is 0.85 N·m and 0.82 N·m respectively. The reason for the excessive resistance is that at 15°, the reverse friction component between the dust scraper 601 and the turntable support 500 increases, and the angle between the friction direction and the rotation direction of the turntable support 500 is large; at 20°, the fallen dust scraper 601 and the surface of the turntable support 500 generate sliding friction. Both situations lead to an increase in the driving load of the turntable support 500, and the energy consumption of the grinding head increases by about 15%.

[0060] The first included angle 502 is 16° / 19°: the resistance is reduced to 0.78N・m and 0.71N・m. The optimization of the first included angle 502 makes the friction direction more consistent with the rotation direction of the turntable support 500, and the reverse friction component is reduced. However, due to uneven local contact, there is still a small amount of additional resistance.

[0061] The first included angle 502 is 18°: the resistance is only 0.62 N·m. At this time, the friction between the dust scraper 601 and the turntable support 500 is mainly forward rolling friction, and the friction coefficient drops to 0.12. The friction coefficients at other angles are 0.15-0.18. The drive load of the turntable support 500 is minimal, and the energy consumption of the grinding head is only 3% different from that without the dust scraper 601, which will not affect the normal grinding operation.

[0062] In summary, the experimental data fully demonstrates that the first included angle 502 of 18° is the optimal angle for the dust scraper 601 to be installed at an angle along the rotation direction of the turntable support 500. This angle can ensure efficient dust removal, maximize the lifespan of the dust scraper 601, and reduce equipment energy consumption.

[0063] Preferably, the vertical cross-sectional area of ​​the inner fixed housing 400 gradually decreases from the position away from the turntable 200 to the position closer to the turntable 200, and the vertical cross-section of the inner fixed housing 400 is perpendicular to its own central axis. This forms an inclined guiding surface on the outer peripheral surface of the inner fixed housing 400. When dust comes into contact with the surface of the inner fixed housing 400, it will slide downwards along the inclined surface under the action of gravity, preventing dust from accumulating on the surface of the inner fixed housing 400 and guiding the dust towards the suction port 301.

[0064] Furthermore, the vertical cross-sectional area of ​​the turntable support 500 gradually decreases from the position away from the turntable 200 to the position closer to the turntable 200, and its vertical cross-section is perpendicular to its own axis. The circumferential side surface of the inner fixed shell 400 is arranged parallel to the circumferential side surface of the turntable support 500, and the second included angle 503 between the extension line of the circumferential side surface of the inner fixed shell 400 and the axis of the turntable support 500 is 15°~30°, preferably 20° in this embodiment. The turntable support 500 adopts a gradient cross-sectional area design consistent with the inner fixed shell 400 to form a cooperative guiding structure, further improving the dust sliding efficiency. The range of the second included angle 503 of 15°~30° has been experimentally verified to ensure smooth dust sliding while maintaining structural strength, achieving a balance between guiding effect and structural stability.

[0065] The experimental conditions in Table 2 below are as follows: room temperature 25℃, humidity 50%, dust is common calcium carbonate dust used for grinding building walls (particle size 0.1-100μm, average particle size 50μm, density 1.2g / cm³); dust sliding efficiency = (total amount of conveyed dust - residual amount of dust) / total amount of conveyed dust × 100%, conveying rate 1g / min, experimental duration 30 minutes; shell compressive strength test standard: the pressure value when axial pressure is applied until the shell deforms by 0.1mm.

[0066] Table 2:

[0067]

[0068] The dust sliding efficiency analysis in Table 2 is as follows:

[0069] When the second included angle 503 is 15°, the dust sliding efficiency is only 82.3%, and the residual dust amount reaches 177.2mg. Because the second included angle 503 is too small, the surface inclination of the inner fixed shell 400 is insufficient, and the downward force of the dust under the action of gravity is insufficient. Some dust is easy to adhere to the surface of the inner fixed shell 400 and form accumulation, resulting in low sliding efficiency.

[0070] When the second included angle 503 is 18°, the sliding efficiency increases to 89.7%, and the residual dust amount decreases to 103.5mg. The increased inclination angle enhances the downward force of the dust and reduces adhesion, but some fine dust particles still remain.

[0071] When the second included angle 503 is 20°, the sliding efficiency reaches a peak of 95.6%, and the residual dust amount is only 44.1mg. Under this second included angle 503, the surface inclination of the inner fixed shell 400 is moderate, and the component of gravity on the dust along the surface of the inner fixed shell 400 is sufficient to overcome the adhesion between the dust and the surface of the inner fixed shell 400. Most of the dust can slide off quickly, with almost no obvious accumulation.

[0072] When the second included angle 503 is 25°, the sliding efficiency drops slightly to 93.2%, and the residual dust amount increases to 68.3mg. The excessively large second included angle 503 causes the dust to slide down too quickly. Some dust bounces back after impacting the inner wall of the connecting cavity 700 during the sliding process, and a small amount of dust re-adheres to the surface of the inner fixed shell 400, causing a slight decrease in the sliding efficiency.

[0073] When the second included angle 503 is 30°, the sliding efficiency further decreases to 87.5%, and the residual dust amount reaches 125.4mg. The excessively large second included angle 503 makes the surface of the inner fixed shell 400 too steep, shortens the dust sliding path, and intensifies the rebound phenomenon. At the same time, some dust is prone to forming eddies and stagnating at the bottom of the connecting cavity 700, resulting in a significant decrease in sliding efficiency.

[0074] The compressive strength analysis of the internal fixed shell at 400 mm in Table 2 is as follows:

[0075] When the second included angle 503 is 15°, the compressive strength of the inner fixed shell 400 is at most 42.5 MPa. Because the smaller the second included angle 503, the larger the radial cross-sectional dimension of the inner fixed shell 400, the more uniform the stress on the structure, and the stronger the compressive strength.

[0076] As the second included angle 503 increases, the radial cross-sectional dimension of the inner fixed shell 400 gradually decreases, and the compressive strength shows a decreasing trend: 40.8MPa at 18°, 39.6MPa at 20°, 35.7MPa at 25°, and drops to 31.2MPa at 30°.

[0077] When the second included angle 503 is 20°, the compressive strength of the inner fixed shell 400 is 39.6MPa. Although it is lower than 15° and 18°, it can still meet the mechanical requirements during grinding operations. The compressive strength requirement of conventional grinding head shells is ≥35MPa, and it will not deform or be damaged due to insufficient structural strength.

[0078] In summary, the experimental data fully demonstrate that 20° is the optimal second included angle 50° between the outer circumferential surface of the inner fixed shell 400 and the axis, which can both ensure efficient dust sliding and maintain the structural stability of the inner fixed shell 400.

[0079] Furthermore, a connecting cavity 700 is formed between the inner fixed housing 400 and the turntable support 500, with a clearance fit between them, the clearance value controlled within 0.5-1mm. A dust-blocking component 800, a ring-shaped brush structure, is installed within the connecting cavity 700 to seal the gap between the inner fixed housing 400 and the turntable support 500. Two adjacent dust-blocking components 800 separate the connecting cavity 700 into sub-chambers 701. The connecting cavity 700 provides a buffer and temporary storage space for dust, preventing dust from directly spreading to the rear. Simultaneously, the dust-blocking component 800 prevents dust from penetrating the gap, and the partitioning design of the sub-chambers 701 prevents dust from flowing freely within the connecting cavity 700, facilitating subsequent centralized discharge.

[0080] Furthermore, there are p dust-blocking components 800, where p is a positive integer ≥ 1. In this embodiment, p is preferably 3. The 3 dust-blocking components 800 divide the connecting cavity 700 into 3 sub-chambers 701. The design of multiple sets of dust-blocking components 800 and sub-chambers 701 forms a progressive dust-blocking and dust-storage structure, further improving the dust blocking effect. At the same time, each sub-chamber 701 can collect dust from a specific area, which is convenient for centralized treatment and reduces the risk of secondary dust diffusion.

[0081] Furthermore, the sub-chamber 701 has dust collection holes 702 on the circumferential wall of the inner fixed housing 400. These holes guide the dust out of the sub-chamber 701. There are q dust collection holes 702, where q is a positive integer ≥1, corresponding one-to-one with each sub-chamber 701. The dust collection holes 702 are located on the negative Y-axis of the projection of the turntable support 500 onto the side of the turntable 200 facing away from the grinding side. The falling direction of the dust in the dust collection holes 702 is perpendicular to the suction direction of the suction port 301. The dust collection holes 702 provide a specific discharge channel for the dust in the sub-chamber 701. The negative Y-axis installation position ensures that the dust can fall smoothly under gravity. The design perpendicular to the suction direction allows the falling dust to be directly captured by the negative pressure of the suction port 301, preventing dust from scattering during discharge and achieving thorough removal of dust from the sub-chamber 701.

[0082] To facilitate understanding of the technical solution of this invention, its working principle is explained in detail below:

[0083] When the negative pressure dust-collecting grinding head is working, the turntable 200 rotates around its central axis, and the sandpaper on its grinding side contacts the surface to be processed for grinding. At the same time, the dust collection component 300 is activated to generate negative pressure. Since the dust collection direction of the dust collection port 301 is perpendicular to the grinding side of the turntable 200 and is directly facing the dust settling path, most of the dust is directly sucked into the dust collection port 301 and discharged under the combined effect of gravity and negative pressure.

[0084] A small amount of dust that drifts to the turntable support 500 and the connecting cavity 700 will be guided by the inclined surfaces of the inner fixed housing 400 and the turntable support 500 and slide downwards; some of the dust adhering to the turntable support 500 will be actively scraped off by the dust scraper 601. The dust scraper 601 is inclined at 15~20° in the direction of rotation of the turntable 200, which can efficiently remove dust while reducing wear.

[0085] The dust-blocking component 800 inside the connecting cavity 700 prevents dust from penetrating and confines the dust within the sub-chamber 701. The dust-falling holes 702 on the circumferential wall of the sub-chamber 701, located on the negative Y-axis, guide the dust within the chamber to fall vertically. The falling dust merges with the dust that slides down after being scraped, and is ultimately sucked into the pipe by the negative pressure of the suction port 301 and discharged. The entire process, through the synergistic effect of vertical dust capture, tilting guidance, active dust scraping, and centralized dust discharge from the sub-chamber, achieves efficient dust removal, avoids dust accumulation and secondary intrusion, and ensures the long-term stable operation of the grinding head.

[0086] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A negative pressure dusting and polishing head, characterized by: The utility model relates to a dust collection device for polishing machine, including, The outer casing (100); The rotating disc (200) is arranged in the outer casing (100), and the rotating disc (200) rotates around the direction of its own central axis; The dust collection part (300) is arranged at the bottom of the outer casing (100), and the vertical line formed between the dust collection direction of the dust collection port (301) of the dust collection part (300) and the central axis of the rotating disc (200) is perpendicular to the horizontal plane where the central axis of the rotating disc (200) is located, and the dust collection direction of the dust collection port (301) is perpendicular to the side surface of the polishing side of the rotating disc (200); The inner fixed casing (400) is fixedly installed in the outer casing (100); The rotating disc support (500) is arranged in the outer casing (100); Further including the scraping part (600) arranged on the inner fixed casing (400), the scraping part (600) is in abutment with the outer peripheral surface of the rotating disc support (500), and the scraping part (600) is used for scraping dust on the rotating disc support (500); The scraping part (600) includes n dust scraping plates (601) and m mounting plates (602), n and m are positive integers greater than or equal to 1, the n dust scraping plates (601) and the m mounting plates (602) are arranged one by one, the dust scraping plate (601) is arranged on the mounting plate (602), the mounting plate (602) is arranged on the inner fixed casing (400), and the n dust scraping plates (601) are arranged along the extension direction of the outer peripheral surface of the rotating disc support (500); The vertical section area of the rotating disc support (500) gradually decreases from the position away from the rotating disc (200) to the position close to the rotating disc (200), wherein the vertical section of the rotating disc support (500) is perpendicular to the central axis of the rotating disc support (500); The circumferential side surface of the inner fixed casing (400) is arranged in parallel with the circumferential side surface of the rotating disc support (500), and the second included angle (503) between the extension line of the circumferential side surface of the inner fixed casing (400) and the axis of the rotating disc support (500) is 15-30 degrees; The inner fixed casing (400) and the rotating disc support (500) form a connecting cavity (700), and the inner fixed casing (400) and the rotating disc support (500) are gap fitted; The connecting cavity (700) is provided with a dust blocking part (800), the dust blocking part (800) is used for blocking the gap between the inner fixed casing (400) and the rotating disc support (500), and adjacent two dust blocking parts (800) divide the connecting cavity (700) into sub-chambers (701).

2. The negative air pressure polishing head of claim 1, wherein: The central axis of the inner fixed casing (400) is coaxially arranged with the central axis of the outer casing (100); The outer diameter of the rotating disc support (500) is smaller than the inner diameter of the inner fixed casing (400), and the rotating disc support (500) rotates around its own central axis.

3. A negative pressure dusting and polishing head as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The rotating disc (200) rotates clockwise, and the dust scraping plate (601) is located in the fourth quadrant of the projection of the side of the rotating disc (200) away from the polishing side. The first included angle (502) between the length direction extension line of the dust scraping plate (601) and the horizontal center surface (501) of the rotating disc support (500) is 15-20°.

4. The negative air pressure polishing head of claim 1 or 2, wherein: The vertical cross-sectional area of the inner fixed shell (400) gradually decreases from the position away from the rotating disc (200) to the position close to the rotating disc (200), wherein the vertical cross-section of the inner fixed shell (400) is perpendicular to the central axis of the inner fixed shell (400), and the outer circumferential surface of the inner fixed shell (400) is used to guide the dust to slide downward.

5. The negative air pressure polishing head of claim 4, wherein: The dust blocking member (800) is provided with p dust blocking members (800), and the p dust blocking members (800) separate the connecting cavity (700) into multiple sub-chambers (701).

6. The negative air pressure polishing head of claim 5, wherein: The sub-chamber (701) is provided with a dust falling hole (702) on the circumferential wall of the inner fixed shell (400), the dust falling hole (702) is used to guide the dust in the sub-chamber (701) to fall out of the sub-chamber (701), and the dust falling hole (702) is also provided with q dust falling holes (702), q is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1, and q dust falling holes (702) are arranged one by one corresponding to m sub-chambers (701). The dust falling hole (702) is located on the negative Y-axis of the projection of the side of the rotating disc support (500) on the side of the rotating disc (200) away from the polishing side, and the falling direction of the dust in the dust falling hole (702) is perpendicular to the dust suction direction of the dust suction port (301).

Images