Enclosing wall, enclosing wall monitoring method and enclosing wall dismounting and mounting method

Abstract

The invention provides an enclosing wall and an enclosing wall monitoring and dismounting method. An enclosing wall comprises a plurality of prefabricated stand columns and a plurality of prefabricated wallboards, inserting grooves are formed in the prefabricated stand columns, inserting blocks matched with the inserting grooves are arranged on the prefabricated wallboards, each inserting groove is divided into a guiding section, an adapting section and a limiting section from top to bottom, the guiding sections are inverted trapezoidal guiding sections, the adapting sections are matched with the limiting sections, and the limiting sections are matched with the adapting sections. The limiting section is an inverted trapezoidal limiting section; a plurality of limiting grooves are formed in the position of the adaptive section, the inserting block is an inverted trapezoidal inserting block, a plurality of elastic limiting protrusions matched with the limiting grooves are arranged on the inserting block, a prefabricated coping is arranged at the top of the prefabricated wall plate, a monitoring mechanism is arranged in the prefabricated wall plate, a conveying mechanism is arranged in the prefabricated stand column, and a monitoring mechanism is arranged in the conveying mechanism. And the monitoring mechanism is connected with the transmission mechanism.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of substation construction technology, and in particular to a fence, fence monitoring, and a method for dismantling and assembling it. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of power infrastructure construction, the scale and number of substations are constantly increasing. Prefabricated fencing has been widely used in substation construction due to its advantages such as fast construction speed, controllable quality, and environmental friendliness.

[0003] Currently, most existing prefabricated walls adopt a direct-insertion connection structure: the plugs on both sides of the wall panel must be completely vertically aligned with the plugs on the column before being inserted and fixed, and the capping needs to be hoisted and installed separately after the wall panel is installed.

[0004] This traditional structure has significant shortcomings: First, it requires extremely high installation precision (typically requiring verticality deviation to be controlled within ±3mm), necessitating repeated calibration with high-precision measuring instruments, significantly increasing labor and time costs, and making it even more difficult in scenarios with limited construction space. Second, traditional coping is prefabricated and hoisted separately, requiring on-site grouting and other wet operations, which are cumbersome, time-consuming, and prone to rainwater leakage at the junction with the wall panels, resulting in high maintenance costs. Finally, the existing wall structure has a single function and cannot monitor its own condition (such as tilting or loosening), making it a "silent" structure with passive and inefficient operation and maintenance management.

[0005] The existing technology for fencing has the following problems: (1) Problem of excessively high installation accuracy requirements: The existing direct-insertion wall connection structure requires the wall panel and the column insertion to be precisely aligned (the deviation often needs to be controlled within ±3mm), which requires repeated calibration with high-precision measuring instruments, resulting in low construction efficiency and high labor and time costs, especially in narrow spaces where construction is extremely difficult.

[0006] (2) Problems of insufficient connection stability and reliability: Traditional connection structures lack effective self-locking and anti-loosening mechanisms. Under long-term wind load, temperature stress or slight impact, the wall panels are prone to loosening and deformation, posing safety hazards and affecting the long-term stability and safety of the wall.

[0007] (3) The problem of complicated on-site procedures and a lot of wet work: In the existing technology, the capping needs to be prefabricated and hoisted separately, and grouting is carried out on-site to fix it, which leads to complicated on-site construction procedures and long cycle. Wet work brings environmental pollution and potential water leakage hazards.

[0008] (4) Problems of limited functionality and lack of state perception: Existing structures lack real-time stress monitoring methods, making it impossible to monitor and warn of their own health status (such as tilting, settlement, and loose connections) in real time. Operation and maintenance management can only rely on manual periodic inspections, which is passive, inefficient, and unable to achieve predictive maintenance. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to address the shortcomings of the prior art by providing a fence, fence monitoring, and a method for dismantling and assembling it.

[0010] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: A fence, comprising: multiple prefabricated columns and multiple prefabricated wall panels, wherein the prefabricated columns are provided with insertion slots, and the prefabricated wall panels are provided with insertion blocks adapted to the insertion slots, wherein the insertion slots are divided into a guide section, an adaptation section and a limiting section from top to bottom, wherein the guide section is an inverted trapezoidal guide section and the limiting section is an inverted trapezoidal limiting section; multiple limiting grooves are provided at the adaptation section, the insertion blocks are inverted trapezoidal insertion blocks, and multiple elastic limiting protrusions adapted to the limiting grooves are provided on the insertion blocks; a prefabricated capping is provided at the top of the prefabricated wall panels; a monitoring mechanism is provided in the prefabricated wall panels; a transmission mechanism is provided in the prefabricated columns; and the monitoring mechanism is connected to the transmission mechanism.

[0011] The beneficial effects of adopting the technical solution of this invention are as follows: The design of the inverted trapezoidal guide section forms a self-correcting guiding mechanism, allowing for a horizontal deviation of ±15mm when the wall panel is inserted, significantly reducing the requirements for installation accuracy, eliminating the need for repeated calibration, and improving construction efficiency. The mechanical self-locking mechanism, with its elastic limiting protrusion and limiting groove, achieves bidirectional constraint in both vertical and horizontal directions, effectively preventing the wall panel from loosening under wind loads, temperature changes, or minor impacts. The connection stiffness and stability are far superior to traditional plug-in structures. The monitoring mechanism is used to monitor the actual state of the wall. The transmission mechanism is used to transmit the actual state of the wall to a remote server platform. The reversible connection design allows for non-destructive disassembly and replacement of individual wall panels, avoiding repair methods that damage the wall panels, significantly reducing the maintenance cost and construction waste throughout the entire life cycle. It can automatically correct deviations, has a firm and stable connection, a high degree of integration, intelligent monitoring functions, and is easy to maintain.

[0012] Furthermore, the precast wall panel and the capping are integrally formed, and the capping is provided with a water flow slope and a drip line.

[0013] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solutions are: the top of the wall panel and the coping are prefabricated in the factory as a whole, the coping is designed with a water flow slope and drip line, integrating drainage function, reducing on-site procedures and potential leakage points, and improving the overall construction quality and efficiency.

[0014] Furthermore, the opening width of the guide segment is greater than the closing width of the guide segment, and the closing width of the limiting segment is less than the closing width of the guide segment; the guide segment is provided with a first gasket, and the bottom of the plug block is provided with a second gasket, and both the first gasket and the second gasket are made of polyethylene.

[0015] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution are as follows: the opening width of the guide section is greater than the closing width, forming a guide slope. The inverted trapezoidal slope of the guide section is used to automatically correct the positional deviation during the insertion process, reducing the installation accuracy requirements. Both the slope of the guide section and the bottom slope of the plug-in block are equipped with gaskets and are smoothed to reduce friction, prevent wear between the plug-in block and the plug-in slot, and facilitate the installation and removal of the plug-in block in the plug-in slot.

[0016] Furthermore, the elastic limiting protrusion is made of metal, the precast wall panel contains reinforcing bars, the plug-in block contains a metal core, and the metal core is connected to the reinforcing bars; the limiting groove is a cylindrical hole, and the entrance edge of the limiting groove has a rounded transition structure; the elastic limiting protrusion is an inverted triangular elastic limiting protrusion; the precast column and the precast wall panel are both concrete components; the plug-in block and the precast wall panel are integrally formed.

[0017] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution are: the entrance edge of the limiting groove is rounded to facilitate the sliding of the elastic limiting protrusion into and out of the limiting groove, which facilitates installation and maintenance.

[0018] Furthermore, the monitoring mechanism is located adjacent to the insertion slot, and the monitoring mechanism is wirelessly connected to the transmission mechanism. The transmission mechanism is wirelessly connected to a remote server platform, and the remote server platform is connected to a monitoring terminal. The monitoring mechanism includes an tilt sensor and a vibration sensor. The transmission mechanism is a data acquisition and wireless transmission device, and the data acquisition and wireless transmission device has a built-in lithium battery.

[0019] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution are as follows: The sensor module, as the sensing layer, is directly embedded inside the plug-in block. Its position is as close as possible to the force transmission path and connection interface, allowing it to directly sense key information characterizing the physical state of the wall panel, such as its tilt angle and vibration, ensuring the authenticity and accuracy of the acquired data. The data acquisition and wireless transmission equipment, as this layer, is deployed inside the threshold column. It is responsible for powering the sensor module, collecting the raw data it acquires, and performing preprocessing and packaging. Employing low-power wide-area network technologies such as NB-IoT, it is suitable for use in remote areas and application environments lacking Wi-Fi coverage, achieving remote, stable, and low-power transmission of monitoring data.

[0020] In addition, the present invention also provides a fence monitoring method. Based on the fence described above, the fence monitoring method includes: monitoring the actual fence status through a monitoring agency; and transmitting the actual fence status through a transmission agency.

[0021] The beneficial effects of adopting the technical solution of this invention are: the monitoring mechanism is used to monitor the actual status of the fence; the transmission mechanism is used to transmit the actual fence status to a remote server platform; and it has both intelligent monitoring functions and is easy to maintain.

[0022] Furthermore, the step of monitoring the actual fence status through the monitoring mechanism includes: monitoring the tilt angle of the precast wall panel through a tilt sensor; monitoring the vibration data of the precast wall panel through a vibration sensor, wherein the vibration data includes the vibration frequency and acceleration of the precast wall panel; the step of transmitting the actual fence status through the transmission mechanism includes: collecting the actual fence status through a data acquisition and wireless transmission device; and wirelessly transmitting the actual fence status to a remote server platform through the data acquisition and wireless transmission device.

[0023] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution are as follows: The sensor module, as the sensing layer, is directly embedded inside the plug-in block. Its position is as close as possible to the force transmission path and connection interface, allowing it to directly sense key information characterizing the physical state of the wall panel, such as its tilt angle and vibration, ensuring the authenticity and accuracy of the acquired data. The data acquisition and wireless transmission equipment, as this layer, is deployed inside the threshold column. It is responsible for powering the sensor module, collecting the raw data it acquires, and performing preprocessing and packaging. Employing low-power wide-area network technologies such as NB-IoT, it is suitable for use in remote areas and application environments lacking Wi-Fi coverage, achieving remote, stable, and low-power transmission of monitoring data.

[0024] Furthermore, the step of transmitting the actual fence status through the transmission mechanism includes: receiving the actual fence status through a remote server platform; comparing the actual fence status with the preset fence status through the remote server platform; when the actual fence status exceeds the preset fence status, generating fault location information based on the location of the faulty prefabricated wall panel through the remote server platform, generating a maintenance work order based on the fault through the remote server platform; and sending the warning information, fault location information, and maintenance work order to the monitoring terminal through the remote server platform.

[0025] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solutions are as follows: The cloud platform layer is a remote server platform. It is used to receive and store massive amounts of status data from a large number of terminals, and to perform big data analysis, comparison, and intelligent diagnosis through built-in algorithm models. Once the analysis results exceed the preset safety threshold, the platform will automatically generate early warning information. The early warning information is ultimately linked with the digital twin model of the substation and displayed visually on the monitoring terminals of maintenance personnel. The system can accurately locate a specific prefabricated wall panel where an anomaly has occurred and can automatically generate maintenance work orders, thereby guiding maintenance personnel to carry out predictive and precise maintenance. During operation and maintenance, the system regularly reports sensor data. If the platform analysis finds that the tilt angle of a wall panel continues to increase or the vibration frequency is abnormal, it can immediately issue an early warning, notifying maintenance personnel to check the connection status of the wall panel at the specific location, thus achieving predictive maintenance.

[0026] In addition, the present invention also provides a method for installing and dismantling a fence as described above. The method includes: during prefabrication, prefabricated columns with interlocking grooves, limiting grooves, and embedded transmission mechanisms are prefabricated in one piece, and prefabricated wall panels with interlocking blocks, elastic limiting protrusions, and embedded monitoring mechanisms are prefabricated in one piece; during installation, the prefabricated columns are installed, and the interlocking blocks of the prefabricated wall panels are aligned with the interlocking grooves; the interlocking blocks are inserted downwards, and the interlocking blocks are guided into the fitting section and the limiting section by the guide section; when the interlocking blocks are inserted into the limiting section, the limiting grooves are engaged by the elastic limiting protrusions; the monitoring mechanism and the transmission mechanism are opened to monitor the fence status; during dismantling, a vertically upward force is applied to the top, causing the elastic limiting protrusions to deform and slide out of the limiting grooves; the vertically upward force is continued to be applied to the top until the interlocking blocks slide out of the interlocking grooves, thereby separating the prefabricated columns from the prefabricated wall panels.

[0027] The beneficial effects of adopting the technical solution of this invention are as follows: During assembly, the construction personnel only need to roughly align the plug-in block of the wall panel with the plug-in slot opening of the column, and then place it downwards. Under the action of the inclined surface of the guide section, the plug-in block is automatically guided to the correct position. Continuing to lower it, the plug-in block enters the fitting section and the limiting section, at which point the elastic limiting protrusion is squeezed by the groove wall and undergoes elastic deformation. When the protrusion moves to the position of the limiting groove, the pressure disappears, the protrusion quickly rebounds and locks into the groove, achieving mechanical self-locking. When the wall panel needs to be replaced, a special hydraulic jacking device is used to clamp the top of the wall panel to be replaced and slowly lift it upwards. Under the continuous lifting force, the inclined surface of the elastic limiting protrusion interacts with the rounded edge of the limiting groove, forcing the protrusion to undergo elastic deformation again and exit the groove, thereby completely pulling out the wall panel for replacement.

[0028] Furthermore, during prefabrication, data acquisition and wireless transmission equipment is embedded in the prefabricated columns; tilt sensors and vibration sensors are embedded in the prefabricated wall panels; during installation, the steps of opening the monitoring mechanism and transmission mechanism to monitor the wall status include: wirelessly connecting the monitoring mechanism, transmission mechanism and remote server platform; during disassembly, the pressure cap is clamped by a hydraulic jacking device and lifted vertically upward.

[0029] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution are as follows: When it is necessary to replace the wall panel, a special hydraulic lifting device is used to clamp the top of the wall panel to be replaced and slowly lift it upwards. Under the continuous lifting force, the inclined surface of the elastic limiting protrusion interacts with the rounded edge of the limiting groove, forcing the protrusion to undergo elastic deformation again and exit the groove, thereby completely pulling out the wall panel for replacement. The monitoring mechanism is used to monitor the actual condition of the fence. The transmission mechanism is used to transmit the actual fence condition to a remote server platform.

[0030] The advantages of additional aspects of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0031] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0032] Figure 1 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the fence provided in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the prefabricated column provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of a prefabricated wall panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 4 This is the second structural schematic diagram of the wall provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of the perimeter wall monitoring system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Explanation of reference numerals: 1. Precast column; 1a. Insertion groove; 1a1. Guide section; 1a2. Adaptor section; 1a3. Limiting section; 1b. Limiting groove; 1c. First gasket; 2. Precast wall panel; 2a. Insertion block; 2b. Elastic limiting protrusion; 2b1. Metal core; 2c. Second gasket; 2d. Coping. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0039] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0040] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0041] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0042] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that if terms such as "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "inner" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the invention is usually placed during use, they are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0043] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0044] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a fence, including: multiple prefabricated columns 1 and multiple prefabricated wall panels 2. Each prefabricated column 1 is provided with an insertion groove 1a, and each prefabricated wall panel 2 is provided with an insertion block 2a adapted to the insertion groove 1a. The insertion groove 1a is divided from top to bottom into a guide section 1a1, an adaptation section 1a2, and a limiting section 1a3. The guide section 1a1 is an inverted trapezoidal guide section, and the limiting section 1a3 is an inverted trapezoidal limiting section. Multiple limiting grooves 1b are provided at the adaptation section 1a2. Each insertion block 2a is an inverted trapezoidal insertion block, and multiple elastic limiting protrusions 2b adapted to the limiting grooves 1b are provided on the insertion block 2a. A prefabricated capping 2d is provided at the top of each prefabricated wall panel 2. A monitoring mechanism is provided in each prefabricated wall panel 2, and a transmission mechanism is provided in each prefabricated column 1. The monitoring mechanism is connected to the transmission mechanism.

[0045] The beneficial effects of adopting the technical solution of this invention are as follows: The design of the inverted trapezoidal guide section forms a self-correcting guiding mechanism, allowing for a horizontal deviation of ±15mm when the wall panel is inserted, significantly reducing the requirements for installation accuracy, eliminating the need for repeated calibration, and improving construction efficiency. The mechanical self-locking mechanism, with its elastic limiting protrusion and limiting groove, achieves bidirectional constraint in both vertical and horizontal directions, effectively preventing the wall panel from loosening under wind loads, temperature changes, or minor impacts. The connection stiffness and stability are far superior to traditional plug-in structures. The monitoring mechanism is used to monitor the actual state of the wall. The transmission mechanism is used to transmit the actual state of the wall to a remote server platform. The reversible connection design allows for non-destructive disassembly and replacement of individual wall panels, avoiding repair methods that damage the wall panels, significantly reducing the maintenance cost and construction waste throughout the entire life cycle. It can automatically correct deviations, has a firm and stable connection, a high degree of integration, intelligent monitoring functions, and is easy to maintain.

[0046] This invention provides a prefabricated fence connection structure (fence) that can automatically correct deviations, has a firm and stable connection, a high degree of integration, intelligent monitoring functions, and is easy to maintain. It has important practical significance for improving the construction efficiency, operational safety, and economic efficiency of substations throughout their entire life cycle.

[0047] The present invention provides a fence that can be a prefabricated fence connection structure for substations, including prefabricated columns, prefabricated wall panels, and a prefabricated capping integrated with the wall panels; The inner side of the precast column is provided with a plug-in groove. The longitudinal section of the plug-in groove is divided into three sections from top to bottom: an inverted trapezoidal guide section (guide section), a middle fitting section (fitting section), and a bottom limiting section (limiting section). The opening width of the guide section is greater than the closing width, forming a guide slope. The closing width of the bottom limiting section is less than the closing width of the guide section.

[0048] The edges of the precast wall panels are provided with inverted trapezoidal plug-in blocks (plug-in blocks) that match the plug-in slots; the inclined surfaces of the guide section and the bottom inclined surfaces of the plug-in blocks are provided with shims (first shim and second shim) and are smoothed.

[0049] The outer wall of the plug-in block is provided with multiple elastic limiting protrusions, and the inner wall of the plug-in groove is provided with corresponding limiting grooves that match the elastic limiting protrusions. The elastic limiting protrusions are made of metal and have a metal core embedded inside that is connected to the wall panel reinforcement. The entrance edge of the limiting groove is rounded.

[0050] Structural health monitoring sensor modules (monitoring mechanisms) are pre-embedded inside the plug-in block and near the plug-in slot. The sensor modules (monitoring mechanisms) include at least tilt sensors and vibration sensors. Data acquisition and wireless transmission equipment (transmission mechanisms) are also pre-embedded inside the precast columns. The sensor modules are communicatively connected to the data acquisition and wireless transmission equipment.

[0051] The top of the capping is prefabricated with a slope for water flow and a drip line.

[0052] A key innovation lies in the integration of an embedded intelligent monitoring system into the connectivity structure, the core of which is an "intelligent data acquisition terminal" deployed on-site. This terminal employs a layered architecture, as detailed below: (1) Data perception layer: The sensor module (monitoring mechanism) serves as the perception layer and is directly embedded inside the plug-in block. Its position is as close as possible to the force transmission path and connection interface, and it is used to directly perceive key information that characterizes the physical state of the wall panel, such as the tilt angle and vibration (frequency, acceleration), from the source, to ensure the authenticity and accuracy of the acquired data.

[0053] (2) Data Acquisition and Transmission Layer: The data acquisition and wireless transmission equipment is deployed inside the column (prefabricated column) as this layer. This equipment (transmission mechanism) is responsible for powering the sensor module (monitoring mechanism), collecting the raw data it collects, and performing preprocessing and packaging. It adopts low-power wide-area network technologies such as NB-IoT (Narrow Band-Internet of Things), which is suitable for use in remote areas and application environments lacking Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity) coverage, realizing remote, stable, and low-power transmission of monitoring data.

[0054] (3) Cloud Platform Layer: This layer is a remote server platform. It is used to receive and store massive amounts of status data from a large number of terminals, and to perform big data analysis, comparison and intelligent diagnosis through built-in algorithm models. Once the analysis results exceed the preset security threshold, the platform (remote server platform) will automatically generate warning information.

[0055] (4) Application Layer: This layer is the user interface. The early warning information is ultimately linked with the digital twin model of the substation and displayed visually on the monitoring terminal of the operation and maintenance personnel. The system can accurately locate a specific wall panel where an anomaly has occurred and can automatically generate maintenance work orders, thereby guiding the operation and maintenance personnel to carry out predictive and precise maintenance, transforming the traditional "periodic inspection and passive response" operation and maintenance mode into a "real-time perception, intelligent early warning, and proactive operation and maintenance" mode.

[0056] Furthermore, the precast wall panel 2 and the capping 2d are integrally formed structures, and the capping 2d is provided with a water flow slope and a drip line.

[0057] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solutions are: the top of the wall panel and the coping are prefabricated in the factory as a whole, the coping is designed with a water flow slope and drip line, integrating drainage function, reducing on-site procedures and potential leakage points, and improving the overall construction quality and efficiency.

[0058] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, further, the opening width of the guide segment 1a1 is greater than the closing width of the guide segment 1a1, and the closing width of the limiting segment 1a3 is less than the closing width of the guide segment 1a1; the guide segment 1a1 is provided with a first gasket 1c, and the bottom of the plug block 2a is provided with a second gasket 2c, and the first gasket 1c and the second gasket 2c are both made of polyethylene.

[0059] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution are as follows: the opening width of the guide section is greater than the closing width, forming a guide slope. The inverted trapezoidal slope of the guide section is used to automatically correct the positional deviation during the insertion process, reducing the installation accuracy requirements. Both the slope of the guide section and the bottom slope of the plug-in block are equipped with gaskets and are smoothed to reduce friction, prevent wear between the plug-in block and the plug-in slot, and facilitate the installation and removal of the plug-in block in the plug-in slot.

[0060] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the elastic limiting protrusion 2b is made of metal, the precast wall panel 2 is provided with reinforcing bars, the plug-in block 2a is provided with a metal core 2b1, and the metal core is connected to the reinforcing bars; the limiting groove 1b is a cylindrical hole, and the entrance edge of the limiting groove 1b is a rounded transition structure; the elastic limiting protrusion 2b is an inverted triangular elastic limiting protrusion; the precast column 1 and the precast wall panel 2 are both concrete components; the plug-in block 2a and the precast wall panel 2 are integrally formed structures.

[0061] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution are: the entrance edge of the limiting groove is rounded to facilitate the sliding of the elastic limiting protrusion into and out of the limiting groove, which facilitates installation and maintenance.

[0062] Furthermore, the monitoring mechanism is disposed adjacent to the insertion slot 1a, and the monitoring mechanism is wirelessly connected to the transmission mechanism. The transmission mechanism is wirelessly connected to a remote server platform, and the remote server platform is connected to a monitoring terminal. The monitoring mechanism includes an tilt sensor and a vibration sensor. The transmission mechanism is a data acquisition and wireless transmission device, and the data acquisition and wireless transmission device has a built-in lithium battery.

[0063] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution are as follows: The sensor module, as the sensing layer, is directly embedded inside the plug-in block. Its position is as close as possible to the force transmission path and connection interface, allowing it to directly sense key information characterizing the physical state of the wall panel, such as its tilt angle and vibration, ensuring the authenticity and accuracy of the acquired data. The data acquisition and wireless transmission equipment, as this layer, is deployed inside the threshold column. It is responsible for powering the sensor module, collecting the raw data it acquires, and performing preprocessing and packaging. Employing low-power wide-area network technologies such as NB-IoT, it is suitable for use in remote areas and application environments lacking Wi-Fi coverage, achieving remote, stable, and low-power transmission of monitoring data.

[0064] The wall provided in this embodiment of the invention can be a prefabricated wall connection structure for substations, mainly composed of prefabricated columns 1 and prefabricated wall panels 2.

[0065] The precast column 1 is a concrete component with a pre-formed vertical insertion groove 1a on its inner side. The longitudinal section of the insertion groove 1a is divided into three segments: an upper inverted trapezoidal guide segment 1a1, a middle rectangular fitting segment 1a2, and a lower inverted trapezoidal limiting segment 1a3. The inclined surface of the guide segment 1a1 is inlaid with an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene gasket (first gasket 1c) and polished to reduce friction. The width of the closing section 1a3 is smaller than the width of the closing section 1a1. On the inner wall of the fitting segment 1a2, a pair of annular limiting grooves 1b are formed, with rounded corners at the groove entrances.

[0066] The precast wall panel 2 is also a concrete component, with inverted trapezoidal insertion blocks 2a integrally formed on both sides of its edges, matching the cross-section of the insertion groove 1a. A second gasket 2c is also embedded in the bottom bevel of the insertion block 2a. On the outer wall of the insertion block 2a, a pair of inverted triangular elastic limiting protrusions 2b corresponding to the positions of the limiting groove 1b are fixed, with a metal core 2b1 pre-embedded inside. The top of the wall panel and the coping 2d are precast in the factory as a single unit, and the coping 2d is designed with a drainage slope and a drip line.

[0067] (1) The design of the inverted trapezoidal guide section forms a self-correcting guide mechanism, which allows for a horizontal deviation of ±15mm when the wall panel (prefabricated wall panel) is inserted, which greatly reduces the requirements for installation accuracy, eliminates the need for repeated calibration, and improves construction efficiency.

[0068] (2) The mechanical self-locking mechanism that combines the elastic limiting protrusion and the limiting groove realizes the two-way constraint of vertical and horizontal, effectively preventing the wall panel from loosening under wind load, temperature change or slight impact. The connection stiffness and stability are far superior to the traditional plug-in structure.

[0069] (3) The integrated sensor system can monitor the tilt, vibration and connection status changes of the perimeter wall in real time, and send the data to the monitoring platform through wireless transmission, realizing the transformation from "passive inspection" to "active early warning", which greatly improves the management level of substation perimeter security.

[0070] (4) The unique reversible connection design allows for the non-destructive disassembly and replacement of individual wall panels, avoiding the need for repairs that damage the wall panels, significantly reducing the maintenance costs and construction waste throughout the entire life cycle, and conforming to the concept of green construction.

[0071] (5) The coping and wall panel are prefabricated in the factory, which integrates drainage function, reduces on-site procedures and potential leakage points, and improves the overall construction quality and efficiency.

[0072] In addition, the present invention also provides a fence monitoring method. Based on the fence described above, the fence monitoring method includes: monitoring the actual fence status through a monitoring agency; and transmitting the actual fence status through a transmission agency.

[0073] The beneficial effects of adopting the technical solution of this invention are: the monitoring mechanism is used to monitor the actual status of the fence; the transmission mechanism is used to transmit the actual fence status to a remote server platform; and it has both intelligent monitoring functions and is easy to maintain.

[0074] Furthermore, the step of monitoring the actual fence status through the monitoring mechanism includes: monitoring the tilt angle of the precast wall panel through a tilt sensor; monitoring the vibration data of the precast wall panel through a vibration sensor, wherein the vibration data includes the vibration frequency and acceleration of the precast wall panel; the step of transmitting the actual fence status through the transmission mechanism includes: collecting the actual fence status through a data acquisition and wireless transmission device; and wirelessly transmitting the actual fence status to a remote server platform through the data acquisition and wireless transmission device.

[0075] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution are as follows: The sensor module, as the sensing layer, is directly embedded inside the plug-in block. Its position is as close as possible to the force transmission path and connection interface, allowing it to directly sense key information characterizing the physical state of the wall panel, such as its tilt angle and vibration, ensuring the authenticity and accuracy of the acquired data. The data acquisition and wireless transmission equipment, as this layer, is deployed inside the threshold column. It is responsible for powering the sensor module, collecting the raw data it acquires, and performing preprocessing and packaging. Employing low-power wide-area network technologies such as NB-IoT, it is suitable for use in remote areas and application environments lacking Wi-Fi coverage, achieving remote, stable, and low-power transmission of monitoring data.

[0076] Furthermore, the step of transmitting the actual fence status through the transmission mechanism includes: receiving the actual fence status through a remote server platform; comparing the actual fence status with the preset fence status through the remote server platform; when the actual fence status exceeds the preset fence status, generating fault location information based on the location of the faulty prefabricated wall panel through the remote server platform, generating a maintenance work order based on the fault through the remote server platform; and sending the warning information, fault location information, and maintenance work order to the monitoring terminal through the remote server platform.

[0077] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solutions are as follows: The cloud platform layer is a remote server platform. It is used to receive and store massive amounts of status data from a large number of terminals, and to perform big data analysis, comparison, and intelligent diagnosis through built-in algorithm models. Once the analysis results exceed the preset safety threshold, the platform will automatically generate early warning information. The early warning information is ultimately linked with the digital twin model of the substation and displayed visually on the monitoring terminals of maintenance personnel. The system can accurately locate a specific prefabricated wall panel where an anomaly has occurred and can automatically generate maintenance work orders, thereby guiding maintenance personnel to carry out predictive and precise maintenance. During operation and maintenance, the system regularly reports sensor data. If the platform analysis finds that the tilt angle of a wall panel continues to increase or the vibration frequency is abnormal, it can immediately issue an early warning, notifying maintenance personnel to check the connection status of the wall panel at the specific location, thus achieving predictive maintenance.

[0078] like Figure 5 As shown, during operation and maintenance, the system regularly reports sensor data. If the platform analysis detects that the tilt angle of a certain wall panel continues to increase or the vibration frequency is abnormal, it can immediately issue an early warning and notify the operation and maintenance personnel to check the connection status of the wall panel at the specific location, thus realizing predictive maintenance.

[0079] like Figure 5As shown, the sensor module (monitoring mechanism) is embedded in the plug-in block. The data acquisition and wireless transmission unit (data acquisition and wireless transmission device) includes an analog-to-digital converter, a microprocessor, and a wireless transmission module. The data acquisition and wireless transmission device transmits the fence status to the cloud platform for data processing and application via wireless data transmission. The cloud platform is used to receive and store data, perform big data analysis and fault diagnosis, and provide anomaly warnings / alarms. The cloud platform communicates with the user interface through visualization and decision support. The user interface displays a 3D visualization model of the fence, enabling status data display and maintenance work order generation.

[0080] In addition, the present invention also provides a method for installing and dismantling a fence as described above. The method includes: during prefabrication, prefabricated columns with interlocking grooves, limiting grooves, and embedded transmission mechanisms are prefabricated in one piece, and prefabricated wall panels with interlocking blocks, elastic limiting protrusions, and embedded monitoring mechanisms are prefabricated in one piece; during installation, the prefabricated columns are installed, and the interlocking blocks of the prefabricated wall panels are aligned with the interlocking grooves; the interlocking blocks are inserted downwards, and the interlocking blocks are guided into the fitting section and the limiting section by the guide section; when the interlocking blocks are inserted into the limiting section, the limiting grooves are engaged by the elastic limiting protrusions; the monitoring mechanism and the transmission mechanism are opened to monitor the fence status; during dismantling, a vertically upward force is applied to the top, causing the elastic limiting protrusions to deform and slide out of the limiting grooves; the vertically upward force is continued to be applied to the top until the interlocking blocks slide out of the interlocking grooves, thereby separating the prefabricated columns from the prefabricated wall panels.

[0081] The beneficial effects of adopting the technical solution of this invention are as follows: During assembly, the construction personnel only need to roughly align the plug-in block of the wall panel with the plug-in slot opening of the column, and then place it downwards. Under the action of the inclined surface of the guide section, the plug-in block is automatically guided to the correct position. Continuing to lower it, the plug-in block enters the fitting section and the limiting section, at which point the elastic limiting protrusion is squeezed by the groove wall and undergoes elastic deformation. When the protrusion moves to the position of the limiting groove, the pressure disappears, the protrusion quickly rebounds and locks into the groove, achieving mechanical self-locking. When the wall panel needs to be replaced, a special hydraulic jacking device is used to clamp the top of the wall panel to be replaced and slowly lift it upwards. Under the continuous lifting force, the inclined surface of the elastic limiting protrusion interacts with the rounded edge of the limiting groove, forcing the protrusion to undergo elastic deformation again and exit the groove, thereby completely pulling out the wall panel for replacement.

[0082] The installed fence may include precast columns, precast wall panels, and a precast capping integrated with the wall panels; the inner side of the precast columns is provided with a splicing groove, the longitudinal section of which is divided into an inverted trapezoidal guide section, a middle fitting section, and a bottom limiting section from top to bottom; the edge of the precast wall panel is provided with an inverted trapezoidal splicing block that matches the splicing groove; the outer wall of the splicing block is provided with an elastic limiting protrusion, and a metal core connected to the wall panel reinforcement is pre-embedded inside; the inner wall of the splicing groove is provided with a limiting groove that matches the elastic limiting protrusion at a corresponding position; a structural health monitoring sensor module is pre-embedded inside the splicing block and / or near the splicing groove; data acquisition and wireless transmission equipment is also pre-embedded in the precast columns, and the sensor module communicates with the data acquisition and wireless transmission equipment.

[0083] The sensor module includes at least a tilt sensor and a vibration sensor. The inclined surface of the guide section and the bottom inclined surface of the connector block are both fitted with gaskets and smoothed. The entrance edge of the limiting groove is rounded.

[0084] Furthermore, during prefabrication, data acquisition and wireless transmission equipment is embedded in the prefabricated columns; tilt sensors and vibration sensors are embedded in the prefabricated wall panels; during installation, the steps of opening the monitoring mechanism and transmission mechanism to monitor the wall status include: wirelessly connecting the monitoring mechanism, transmission mechanism and remote server platform; during disassembly, the pressure cap is clamped by a hydraulic jacking device and lifted vertically upward.

[0085] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution are as follows: When it is necessary to replace the wall panel, a special hydraulic lifting device is used to clamp the top of the wall panel to be replaced and slowly lift it upwards. Under the continuous lifting force, the inclined surface of the elastic limiting protrusion interacts with the rounded edge of the limiting groove, forcing the protrusion to undergo elastic deformation again and exit the groove, thereby completely pulling out the wall panel for replacement. The monitoring mechanism is used to monitor the actual condition of the fence. The transmission mechanism is used to transmit the actual fence condition to a remote server platform.

[0086] The method for dismantling and assembling the fence provided in this embodiment of the invention can be as follows: S1: Factory-integrated prefabricated columns, prefabricated wall panels with plug-in blocks and capping, and pre-embedded sensor modules and transmission equipment.

[0087] S2: Hoist and fix the precast columns on site, align the plug blocks on the wall panel with the plug slot openings on the columns, insert them downwards, and use the inverted trapezoidal slope of the guide section to automatically correct the positional deviation during the insertion process.

[0088] S3: When the plug-in block is inserted to the bottom limiting section, the elastic limiting protrusion is squeezed and deformed into the limiting groove, and then springs back to lock, realizing mechanical self-locking, and then the wall panel and column are further fixed.

[0089] S4: Activate the sensor monitoring system (monitoring agency), bind the device ID to the substation digital twin model, and enter the monitoring state.

[0090] When a single wall panel needs to be replaced, a special lifting device is used to clamp and press it down, applying a uniform vertical upward lifting force to deform the elastic limiting protrusion and slide it out of the limiting groove, thereby achieving non-destructive disassembly of the wall panel.

[0091] During the prefabrication stage, a sensor module (monitoring mechanism) integrating tilt and vibration sensors is pre-embedded inside the plug-in block 2a. Inside the prefabricated column 1, a data acquisition and wireless transmission device (with a built-in lithium battery) is pre-embedded. After installation, both are paired and activated via Near Field Communication (NFC). The transmission device sends the sensor data to the cloud monitoring platform (remote server platform) via the NB-IoT (Narrow Band-Internet of Things) network.

[0092] During assembly, the construction worker only needs to roughly align the plug-in block 2a of the wall panel 2 with the opening of the plug-in groove 1a of the precast column 1, and then place it downwards. Under the action of the inclined surface of the guide section 1a1, the plug-in block 2a is automatically guided to the correct position. Continuing to lower it, the plug-in block 2a enters the fitting section 1a2 and the limiting section 1a3, at which point the elastic limiting protrusion 2b is squeezed by the groove wall and undergoes elastic deformation. When the protrusion moves to the position of the limiting groove 1b, the pressure disappears, the protrusion quickly rebounds and locks into the groove, accompanied by a clear "click," indicating that the installation is in place and mechanical self-locking is achieved. Finally, the pressure cap 2d is welded to the adjacent equipment.

[0093] When a wall panel needs to be replaced, use a special hydraulic jacking device to clamp the capping 2d of the wall panel to be replaced and slowly lift it upwards. Under the continuous lifting force, the inclined surface of the elastic limiting protrusion 2b interacts with the rounded edge of the limiting groove 1b, forcing the protrusion to undergo elastic deformation again and exit the groove, thereby completely pulling out the wall panel for replacement.

[0094] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A type of fence, characterized in that, include: Multiple precast columns (1) and multiple precast wall panels (2), wherein the precast columns (1) are provided with insertion slots (1a), and the precast wall panels (2) are provided with insertion blocks (2a) adapted to the insertion slots (1a). The insertion slots (1a) are divided into a guide section (1a1), an adaptation section (1a2), and a limiting section (1a3) from top to bottom. The guide section (1a1) is an inverted trapezoidal guide section, and the limiting section (1a3) is an inverted trapezoidal limiting section. Multiple limiting grooves (1b) are provided at the adapter section (1a2). The plug-in block (2a) is an inverted trapezoidal plug-in block. Multiple elastic limiting protrusions (2b) that are adapted to the limiting grooves (1b) are provided on the plug-in block (2a). A prefabricated capping (2d) is provided on the top of the prefabricated wall panel (2). A monitoring mechanism is provided in the prefabricated wall panel (2). A transmission mechanism is provided in the prefabricated column (1). The monitoring mechanism is connected to the transmission mechanism.

2. A fence according to claim 1, characterized in that, The precast wall panel (2) and the capping (2d) are integrally formed structures, and the capping (2d) is provided with a water flow slope and a drip line.

3. A fence according to claim 1, characterized in that, The opening width of the guide section (1a1) is greater than the closing width of the guide section (1a1), and the closing width of the limiting section (1a3) is less than the closing width of the guide section (1a1); the guide section (1a1) is provided with a first gasket (1c), and the bottom of the plug block (2a) is provided with a second gasket (2c); both the first gasket (1c) and the second gasket (2c) are made of polyethylene.

4. A fence according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic limiting protrusion (2b) is made of metal. The precast wall panel (2) is provided with steel bars. The plug block (2a) is provided with a metal core (2b1) and the metal core is connected to the steel bars. The limiting groove (1b) is a cylindrical hole and the entrance edge of the limiting groove (1b) is a rounded transition structure. The elastic limiting protrusion (2b) is an inverted triangular elastic limiting protrusion. The precast column (1) and the precast wall panel (2) are both concrete components. The plug block (2a) and the precast wall panel (2) are integrally formed structures.

5. A fence according to claim 1, characterized in that, The monitoring mechanism is located adjacent to the insertion slot (1a), and the monitoring mechanism is wirelessly connected to the transmission mechanism. The transmission mechanism is wirelessly connected to a remote server platform, and the remote server platform is connected to a monitoring terminal. The monitoring mechanism includes an tilt sensor and a vibration sensor. The transmission mechanism is a data acquisition and wireless transmission device, and the data acquisition and wireless transmission device has a built-in lithium battery.

6. A method for monitoring a perimeter wall, characterized in that, Based on a fence as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, a fence monitoring method includes: The actual condition of the fence is monitored by monitoring agencies; The actual state of the fence is transmitted through a transmission mechanism.

7. A method for monitoring a perimeter wall according to claim 6, characterized in that, The steps of monitoring the actual state of the wall through the monitoring mechanism include: monitoring the tilt angle of the precast wall panel through a tilt sensor; and monitoring the vibration data of the precast wall panel through a vibration sensor, wherein the vibration data includes the vibration frequency and acceleration of the precast wall panel. The step of transmitting the actual fence status through the transmission mechanism includes: collecting the actual fence status through data acquisition and wireless transmission equipment; and wirelessly transmitting the actual fence status to a remote server platform through the data acquisition and wireless transmission equipment.

8. A method for monitoring a perimeter wall according to claim 6, characterized in that, The step of transmitting the actual state of the fence through the transmission mechanism is followed by: Receive the actual status of the fence through a remote server platform; The actual fence status is compared with the preset fence status through a remote server platform; When the actual state of the fence exceeds the preset state of the fence, the fault location information is generated by the remote server platform based on the location of the faulty prefabricated wall panel, and a maintenance work order is generated by the remote server platform based on the fault. Early warning information, fault location information, and maintenance work orders are sent to the monitoring terminal through a remote server platform.

9. A method for dismantling and assembling a fence, characterized in that, A method for installing and dismantling a fence as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising: During prefabrication, prefabricated columns with interlocking slots, limiting grooves and embedded transmission mechanisms are prefabricated in one piece, and prefabricated wall panels with interlocking blocks, elastic limiting protrusions and embedded monitoring mechanisms are prefabricated in one piece. During installation, install the precast columns and align the interlocking blocks of the precast wall panels with the interlocking slots. Insert the plug block downwards, and guide the plug block into the adapter segment and limit segment through the guide segment; When the plug-in block is inserted into the limiting section, it engages with the limiting groove through the elastic limiting protrusion. Open the monitoring and transmission mechanisms to monitor the status of the fence; During disassembly, a vertically upward force is applied to the pressure top, causing the elastic limiting protrusion to deform and slide out of the limiting groove; Continue to apply a vertical upward force to the capping until the plug block slides out of the plug groove, thus separating the precast column from the precast wall panel.

10. A method for dismantling and assembling a fence according to claim 9, characterized in that, During prefabrication, data acquisition and wireless transmission equipment is embedded in the prefabricated columns; tilt sensors and vibration sensors are embedded in the prefabricated wall panels. During installation, the steps of opening the monitoring mechanism and transmission mechanism to monitor the status of the fence include: wirelessly connecting the monitoring mechanism, transmission mechanism and remote server platform; During disassembly, the hydraulic jacking device clamps the pressure cap and lifts it vertically upwards.

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