A test device for testing thermal safety performance of an energy storage device

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of battery thermal safety performance test, specifically to a kind of energy storage device thermal safety performance test test device, including test box, controller, temperature detector and voltmeter, the controller, temperature detector and voltmeter are sequentially installed from top to bottom in test box front left side, and controller is electrically connected with temperature detector, heater electrically connected with controller is installed in the left and right inner walls of test box, controller controls the start-stop of heater, let heater heat test box, temperature measuring mechanism is installed in the top of test box inner chamber, and fire extinguishing mechanism is installed around the top of test box inner chamber.Effectively solve the technical pain points that existing test device cannot detect battery bulging, test dimension is single, fill the blank of structure failure early warning in battery thermal safety test, provide more comprehensive, rigorous data support for battery thermal safety performance evaluation, and then provide accurate direction for structure optimization and performance improvement of battery.

Description

A test apparatus for thermal safety performance of energy storage devices Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of battery thermal safety performance testing technology, specifically a test apparatus for testing the thermal safety performance of energy storage devices. Background Technology

[0002] Devices that convert chemical energy into electrical energy are collectively called chemical batteries. Among them, those that can be recharged after discharge to regenerate internal active materials and achieve the cyclical storage and release of electrical and chemical energy are called storage batteries, also known as secondary batteries or lead-acid batteries. As reusable core energy storage devices, storage batteries are widely used in new energy, communications, transportation, and other fields. Their safety directly affects the stable operation of the entire system; therefore, they must undergo rigorous thermal safety performance testing to meet safety standards.

[0003] Current industry testing of battery thermal safety performance primarily involves placing the battery in a controlled high-temperature environment, heating it to a specified temperature, monitoring the voltage change trend, and observing whether open flames appear on its surface. This assesses the stability of the battery's chemical-to-electrical energy conversion and its resistance to fire risks under high-temperature conditions. However, existing testing methods have significant limitations and cannot comprehensively cover all potential thermal safety hazards of batteries.

[0004] On the one hand, high temperature environment not only affects the electrical performance of the battery, but also accelerates the decomposition of its internal electrolyte. The decomposition products are easy to block the vent, which in turn causes the battery to bulge and deform. This bulging and deformation is an important signal of the failure of the internal structure of the battery, which is directly related to the risks of leakage and fire in subsequent use. However, existing test equipment generally lacks effective detection methods for bulging and deformation, which leads to an insufficiently rigorous assessment of the thermal safety of the battery and an inability to provide early warning of the potential use risks brought about by bulging.

[0005] On the other hand, when the battery generates an open flame due to high temperature during the test, the existing fire protection system mostly uses the method of spraying fire extinguishing materials on the entire test space. Especially for large batteries, this not only consumes a lot of fire extinguishing materials and significantly increases the test cost, but also the fire extinguishing range is dispersed and it is difficult to accurately target the fire point, resulting in low fire extinguishing efficiency and poor effect. It may even expand the safety risk due to the failure to extinguish the fire in time. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a test apparatus for testing the thermal safety performance of energy storage devices, in order to solve the problem mentioned in the background art that it is impossible to test for battery bulging and to extinguish fires in a targeted manner.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a thermal safety performance testing device for an energy storage device, comprising a test chamber, a controller, a thermometer, and a voltmeter. The controller, thermometer, and voltmeter are installed sequentially from top to bottom on the left side of the front of the test chamber, and the controller is electrically connected to the thermometer. Heaters electrically connected to the controller are installed on both the left and right inner walls of the test chamber. The controller controls the start and stop of the heaters to heat the test chamber. A temperature measuring mechanism is installed at the top of the inner cavity of the test chamber, which supports the battery and monitors the battery temperature in real time. Fire extinguishing mechanisms are installed around the top of the inner cavity of the test chamber. Once the battery catches fire, the fire extinguishing mechanisms will extinguish the fire. A multi-port and a dry powder fire extinguisher are installed on the upper surface of the test chamber, and the multi-port is screwed to the dry powder fire extinguisher. The multi-port is connected to the fire extinguishing mechanism through a hose. Under the condition of multi-port diversion, the dry powder fire extinguisher provides the fire extinguishing mechanism with dry powder for fire extinguishing. A door is installed on the front of the test chamber, and a glass plate is installed on the outer wall of the door. Utilizing the transparency of the glass plate, the appearance changes of the battery during testing can be clearly observed.

[0008] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the temperature measuring mechanism includes a base plate installed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the test chamber. A lifting component is installed at the center of the upper surface of the base plate, and a support plate is also installed on the upper surface of the base plate to support the battery. The lifting component passes through the upper surface of the support plate and is activated by the weight of the battery. One end of a support rod is installed on each of the four sides of the upper surface of the base plate through a pin. One end of a connecting rod is installed on each of the four sides of the outer wall of the lifting component through a pin, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected to the support rod through a pin. A bulge detection unit is installed on the other end of the support rod.

[0009] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the lifting assembly includes a limiting post installed at the center of the upper surface of the base plate. The outer wall of the limiting post is fitted with a lifting seat and a spring from top to bottom. The outer wall of the lifting seat is connected to the connecting rod by a pin. Under the action of the spring force, the lifting seat is pushed to rise and the lifting seat extends out of the upper surface of the support plate. A limiting ring is installed on the outer wall of the lifting seat to limit the rising distance of the lifting seat.

[0010] The battery gravity serves as the starting power for the lifting assembly, and in conjunction with the linkage, it enables the bulge detection unit to reach the working position, reducing manual intervention.

[0011] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the connecting rods are distributed obliquely upward from the inside to the outside on the outer side of the lifting seat.

[0012] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the bulge detection unit includes a box body installed on the top of the support rod. Two symmetrical leaf springs are inserted into the left side of the inner cavity of the box body, and the leaf springs are electrically connected to the controller. Limiting grooves are formed on the front and rear inner walls of the box body. A slider is inserted into the right side of the inner cavity of the box body. Under the action of the spring force, the slider is pushed out of the box body. At the same time, the limiting groove restricts the movement distance of the slider. A thermistor is installed on the right end of the slider and is electrically connected to the thermometer. When the thermistor comes into contact with the battery, heat conduction occurs. Utilizing the fact that the resistance of the thermistor is proportional to the temperature, the thermometer analyzes the current battery temperature based on the change in current.

[0013] By utilizing the change in electrical signal caused by the elastic deformation of the leaf spring, the bulging deformation of the battery can be monitored in real time.

[0014] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the fire extinguishing mechanism includes a transmission component installed on the top of the inner cavity of the test chamber, and a sensing component is horizontally installed on the outer wall of the transmission component. When the battery generates an open flame, the sensing component heats up, and the sensing component converts into mechanical motion to trigger the transmission component. A fire extinguishing component is also installed on the outer wall of the transmission component.

[0015] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the transmission assembly includes a transmission box installed at the top of the inner cavity of the test chamber. A limit rod is vertically installed in the inner cavity of the transmission box. A counterweight rack that can slide up and down is sleeved on the outer wall of the limit rod. A gear that meshes with the counterweight rack is installed in the middle of the inner cavity of the transmission box through a pin. The gear is driven to rotate by the gravity of the counterweight rack. A guide groove is provided on the front of the gear.

[0016] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the guide groove has arc-shaped ends and a sloping middle section.

[0017] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the sensing component includes a glass tube installed on the outer wall of the transmission box, the inner cavity of the glass tube is filled with inert gas, and a piston is also inserted into the inner cavity of the glass tube. The piston is moved by utilizing the property that the inert gas expands with increasing temperature. A drive rack is horizontally installed on the outer wall of the piston, and the drive rack is meshed with a gear.

[0018] The sensing components are positioned differently to detect the battery ignition point from all directions, converting heat into mechanical motion and causing the fire extinguishing components to activate in a targeted manner.

[0019] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the fire extinguishing assembly includes a valve body installed on the outer wall of the transmission box, and the top of the valve body is connected to a multi-port via a flexible hose. A crankshaft is installed on the outer wall of the valve body via a bearing. A valve core is installed at the front end of the crankshaft and inserted into the inner cavity of the valve body. The valve core blocks and closes the valve body. A flow channel is opened at the center of the outer wall of the valve core. When the flow channel is parallel to the inner cavity of the valve body, the valve body is opened. A plug rod is installed at the rear end of the crankshaft and inserted into the inner cavity of the guide groove. One end of the elbow is installed at the bottom of the valve body, and a nozzle is installed at the other end of the elbow. The nozzle sprays towards the center of the support plate. Dry powder is sprayed onto the battery placed on the support plate by the nozzle to achieve the purpose of fire extinguishing.

[0020] With the coordinated operation of the transmission and sensing components, the valve body can automatically open and close to extinguish fires at battery ignition points.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention are:

[0022] 1. After the battery is placed, the lifting seat is pressed down, and the support rod is pulled inward by the connecting rod, so that the thermal sensor of the bulge detection unit automatically comes into contact with the outer wall of the battery. On the one hand, it can monitor the temperature change of the battery under different heating temperatures in real time, and simultaneously obtain voltage fluctuation data with the voltmeter, accurately assessing the impact of high temperature on the battery's chemical energy to electrical energy conversion performance. On the other hand, when the battery bulges due to high temperature, the bulging part will squeeze the thermal sensor outward, pushing the slider to compress the leaf spring in the housing. After the leaf spring is bent by the force, it expands inward and makes contact, feeding back an electrical signal to the controller, realizing the real-time identification of battery bulge deformation. This effectively solves the technical pain points of existing test devices that cannot detect battery bulges and have a single test dimension, fills the gap in structural failure early warning in battery thermal safety testing, provides more comprehensive and rigorous data support for battery thermal safety performance evaluation, and thus provides precise direction for battery structural optimization and performance improvement.

[0023] 2. This invention designs a precise fire extinguishing mechanism based on temperature sensing: When an open flame appears in the battery, the glass tube in the corresponding area absorbs heat, and the inert gas inside the tube expands due to heat, pushing the piston to move and driving the drive rack to rotate the gear; the gear, through the cooperation of the guide groove and the insert rod, causes the crankshaft to drive the valve core to rotate, making the flow channel on the valve core connected to the valve body. The dry powder in the dry powder fire extinguishing canister is diverted through multiple channels and then precisely sprayed from the nozzle to the fire point of the battery through the hose, valve body, and elbow, achieving point-to-point targeted fire extinguishing. There is no need to spray the entire test chamber with fire extinguishing material, which avoids waste of fire extinguishing material, significantly reduces testing costs, and ensures that the fire extinguishing medium acts concentrated on the fire point, significantly improving fire extinguishing efficiency and effectively preventing safety risks caused by the spread of open flames.

[0024] 3. Temperature measurement and bulge detection rely on the battery's gravity for automatic start-up, while the fire extinguishing function is automatically triggered by the open flame temperature. No manual intervention is required throughout the process, reducing human error and improving the stability and reliability of the testing process. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the temperature measuring mechanism of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the lifting component structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 is a top cross-sectional view of the bulge detection unit of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the fire extinguishing mechanism of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 is an assembly diagram of the fire extinguishing mechanism of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 is an enlarged view of point A in Figure 6 of this invention;

[0032] Figure 8 is a front cross-sectional view of the fire extinguishing component of the present invention.

[0033] In the diagram: 1. Test box; 2. Controller; 3. Thermometer; 4. Voltmeter; 5. Heater; 6. Temperature measuring mechanism; 7. Fire extinguishing mechanism; 8. Multi-port; 9. Dry powder fire extinguisher; 10. Door; 11. Glass plate; 61. Base plate; 62. Lifting assembly; 63. Support plate; 64. Support rod; 65. Connecting rod; 66. Bulging detection unit; 621. Limiting post; 622. Lifting seat; 623. Spring; 624. Limiting ring; 661. Box body; 662. Leaf spring; 663. Limiting groove; 664, slider; 665, thermal sensor; 71, transmission assembly; 72, sensing assembly; 73, fire extinguishing assembly; 711, transmission box; 712, limiting rod; 713, counterweight rack; 714, gear; 715, guide groove; 721, glass tube; 722, inert gas; 723, piston; 724, drive rack; 731, valve body; 732, crankshaft; 733, valve core; 734, flow channel; 735, insertion rod; 736, elbow; 737, nozzle. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solution of this patent will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0035] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0036] Please refer to Figures 1-8. In this embodiment of the invention, a test apparatus for testing the thermal safety performance of an energy storage device includes a test chamber 1, a controller 2, a thermometer 3, and a voltmeter 4. The controller 2, thermometer 3, and voltmeter 4 are installed sequentially from top to bottom on the left side of the front of the test chamber 1. The controller 2 is electrically connected to the thermometer 3. Heaters 5, electrically connected to the controller 2, are installed on both the left and right inner walls of the test chamber 1. The controller 2 controls the start and stop of the heaters 5, allowing the heaters 5 to heat the test chamber 1. A temperature measuring mechanism 6 is installed at the top of the inner cavity of the test chamber 1, and the temperature measuring mechanism 6 supports the battery. The battery temperature is monitored in real time. Fire extinguishing mechanisms 7 are installed around the top of the test chamber 1. Once the battery catches fire, the fire extinguishing mechanism 7 will extinguish the fire. A multi-port 8 and a dry powder fire extinguishing canister 9 are installed on the upper surface of the test chamber 1. The multi-port 8 is screwed to the dry powder fire extinguishing canister 9. The multi-port 8 is connected to the fire extinguishing mechanism 7 through a hose. Under the diversion condition of the multi-port 8, the dry powder fire extinguishing canister 9 provides the fire extinguishing mechanism 7 with the dry powder used for fire extinguishing. A door 10 is installed on the front of the test chamber 1. A glass plate 11 is installed on the outer wall of the door 10. The transparency of the glass plate 11 allows for clear observation of the appearance changes of the battery during the test.

[0037] Furthermore, the temperature measuring mechanism 6 includes a base plate 61 installed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the test chamber 1. A lifting assembly 62 is installed at the center of the upper surface of the base plate 61. A support plate 63 is also installed on the upper surface of the base plate 61 to support the battery. The lifting assembly 62 passes through the upper surface of the support plate 63 and is activated by the weight of the battery. One end of a support rod 64 is installed on each of the four sides of the upper surface of the base plate 61 through a pin. One end of a connecting rod 65 is installed on each of the four sides of the outer wall of the lifting assembly 62 through a pin. The other end of the connecting rod 65 is connected to the support rod 64 through a pin. A bulge detection unit 66 is installed on the other end of the support rod 64.

[0038] Furthermore, the lifting assembly 62 includes a limiting post 621 installed at the center of the upper surface of the base plate 61. The outer wall of the limiting post 621 is fitted with a lifting seat 622 and a spring 623 from top to bottom. The connecting rod 65 is distributed on the outer side of the lifting seat 622 from the inside to the outside. As the lifting seat 622 rises or falls, the connecting rod 65 can pull the support rod 64 to move outward or inward, so that the bulge detection unit 66 can contact the battery. The outer wall of the lifting seat 622 is connected to the connecting rod 65 by a pin. Under the elastic force of the spring 623, the lifting seat 622 is pushed to rise. The lifting seat 622 extends out of the upper surface of the support plate 63. A limiting ring 624 is installed on the outer wall of the lifting seat 622 to limit the rising distance of the lifting seat 622.

[0039] The lifting assembly 62 is designed to automatically attach and detach the bulge detection unit 66 from the battery through a mechanical triggering logic of springs and gravity, without the need for additional power components such as motors or cylinders. This not only reduces the manufacturing cost and energy consumption of the device, but also reduces the risk of electronic component failure and ensures the long-term stable operation of the device.

[0040] Furthermore, the bulge detection unit 66 includes a housing 661 mounted on the top of the support rod 64. Two symmetrical leaf springs 662 are inserted into the left side of the inner cavity of the housing 661, and the leaf springs 662 are electrically connected to the controller 2. The leaf springs 662 are V-shaped. Limiting grooves 663 are provided on the front and rear inner walls of the housing 661. A slider 664 is inserted into the right side of the inner cavity of the housing 661. Under the elastic force of the leaf springs 662, the slider 664 is pushed out of the housing 661. At the same time, the limiting grooves 663 constrain the movement distance of the slider 664. A thermistor 665 electrically connected to the thermometer 3 is installed on the right end of the slider 664. When the thermistor 665 comes into contact with the battery, heat conduction occurs. Utilizing the fact that the resistance of the thermistor 665 is proportional to the temperature, the thermometer 3 analyzes the current battery temperature based on the change in current.

[0041] By replacing the leaf springs 662 with different elastic coefficients, the trigger threshold for bulge detection can be adjusted to meet the bulge detection needs of small, medium, and large batteries, thereby improving the versatility of the device.

[0042] Furthermore, the fire extinguishing mechanism 7 includes a transmission assembly 71 installed at the top of the inner cavity of the test chamber 1. A sensing assembly 72 is horizontally installed on the outer wall of the transmission assembly 71. When the battery generates an open flame, the sensing assembly 72 heats up, and the sensing assembly 72 converts into mechanical motion to trigger the transmission assembly 71. A fire extinguishing assembly 73 is also installed on the outer wall of the transmission assembly 71.

[0043] Furthermore, the transmission assembly 71 includes a transmission box 711 installed at the top of the inner cavity of the test chamber 1. A limit rod 712 is vertically installed in the inner cavity of the transmission box 711. A counterweight rack 713 that can slide up and down is sleeved on the outer wall of the limit rod 712. The limit rod 712 is rectangular to prevent the counterweight rack 713 from rotating and to improve the transmission stability of the counterweight rack 713. A gear 714 that meshes with the counterweight rack 713 is installed in the middle of the inner cavity of the transmission box 711 through a pin. The counterweight rack 713 drives the gear 714 to rotate, thereby resetting the gear 714. A guide groove 715 is opened on the front of the gear 714. The two ends of the guide groove 715 are arc-shaped, and the middle is inclined. When the gear 714 rotates, the arc surface of the guide groove 715 can keep the insertion rod 735 in a stationary state, while the inclined surface can squeeze the insertion rod 735, thereby realizing the rotation of the crankshaft 732, controlling the rotation of the valve core 733, and realizing the opening of the corresponding valve body 731.

[0044] The transmission assembly 71 is the core transmission hub connecting the trigger signal of the sensing assembly and the action of the fire extinguishing assembly. It needs to achieve gear rotation and reset through precise mechanical transmission, thereby controlling the valve body opening and closing.

[0045] Furthermore, the sensing component 72 includes a glass tube 721 mounted on the outer wall of the transmission box 711. The glass tube 721 is used to absorb heat during battery combustion. The inner cavity of the glass tube 721 is filled with an inert gas 722. A piston 723 is also inserted into the inner cavity of the glass tube 721. The piston 723 is moved by utilizing the property that the inert gas 722 expands with increasing temperature. A drive rack 724 is horizontally mounted on the outer wall of the piston 723, and the drive rack 724 is meshed with a gear 714.

[0046] Furthermore, the fire extinguishing assembly 73 includes a valve body 731 installed on the outer wall of the transmission box 711, and the top of the valve body 731 is connected to the multi-port 8 via a hose. A crankshaft 732 is installed on the outer wall of the valve body 731 via a bearing. A valve core 733 is installed at the front end of the crankshaft 732 and is inserted into the inner cavity of the valve body 731. The valve core 733 blocks and closes the valve body 731. A flow channel 734 is opened at the center of the outer wall of the valve core 733. When the flow channel 734 is parallel to the inner cavity of the valve body 731, the valve body 731 is opened. A plug rod 735 is installed at the rear end of the crankshaft 732 and is inserted into the inner cavity of the guide groove 715. One end of the elbow 736 is installed at the bottom of the valve body 731. A nozzle 737 is installed at the other end of the elbow 736. The nozzle 737 sprays towards the center of the support plate 63. Dry powder is sprayed onto the battery placed on the support plate 63 by the nozzle 737 to achieve the purpose of fire extinguishing.

[0047] Valve core 733 reset: After the battery fire is extinguished, the temperature of the glass tube 721 drops, which in turn causes the temperature of the inert gas 722 to drop. Under the gravity of the counterweight rack 713, the gear 714 rotates and uses the inclined surface of the guide groove 715 to press the insert rod 735 downward, causing the valve core 733 to rotate and reset. The valve core 733 closes the valve body 731, realizing the automatic closure of the valve body 731.

[0048] Working principle

[0049] Step 1: Place the battery on the support plate 63. Under the weight of the battery, press down the lifting seat 622, causing the lifting seat 622 to pull down one end of the connecting rod 65. At the same time, the other end of the connecting rod 65 pulls the support rod 64 to swing inward. Under the elastic force of the leaf spring 662, the thermal sensor 665 comes into contact with the battery. Use a test pen to connect the voltmeter 4 to the battery terminals to complete the battery placement and temperature measurement preparation.

[0050] Step 2: Control the heater 5 to power on and heat up through the controller 2. The temperature inside the test chamber 1 gradually increases. Using the battery temperature displayed by the thermometer 3 as a reference, heat the battery to the specified temperature. Observe the voltage change of the battery during the heating process through the voltmeter 4. If the battery voltage fluctuates, it indicates that the battery thermal safety is insufficient.

[0051] Step 3: Once the battery bulges, the battery presses the thermal sensor 665 outward, causing the slider 664 to move into the housing 661 and press the leaf spring 662. The leaf spring 662 gradually bends, and when the two leaf springs 662 come into contact, an electrical signal is fed back to the controller 2 to determine that the internal structure of the battery has changed and to test the limit temperature at which the battery deforms.

[0052] Step four: Once the battery ignites due to high temperature, the flame will heat the glass tube 721 at the corresponding position. The inert gas 722 will gradually expand due to the increased temperature. The piston 723 will drive the drive rack 724 to move, causing the gear 714 to rotate. The insertion rod 735 will slide in the guide groove 715. When the insertion rod 735 enters the inclined surface of the guide groove 715, the inclined surface of the guide groove 715 will press the insertion rod 735 upward, thereby causing the crankshaft 732 to drive the valve core 733 to rotate. The flow channel 734 will open the valve body 731. The dry powder in the dry powder fire extinguisher 9 will pass through the valve body 731 and the elbow 736 in sequence. The nozzle 737 will spray dry powder onto the battery ignition point, which will extinguish the fire in a targeted manner. This will not only improve the accuracy of fire extinguishing, but also reduce the waste of dry powder.

[0053] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. These will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of the present invention or the practicality of the patent.

Claims

1. A test apparatus for testing the thermal safety performance of an energy storage device, comprising a test chamber (1), a controller (2), a thermometer (3), and a voltmeter (4), wherein the controller (2), the thermometer (3), and the voltmeter (4) are installed sequentially from top to bottom on the left side of the front of the test chamber (1), and the controller (2) is electrically connected to the thermometer (3), characterized in that, The test chamber (1) is equipped with heaters (5) electrically connected to the controller (2) on both the left and right inner walls. The controller (2) controls the start and stop of the heaters (5) to heat the test chamber (1). A temperature measuring mechanism (6) is installed on the top of the inner cavity of the test chamber (1). The temperature measuring mechanism (6) supports the battery and monitors the battery temperature in real time. Fire extinguishing mechanisms (7) are installed around the top of the inner cavity of the test chamber (1). Once the battery is exposed to open flame, the fire extinguishing mechanism (7) will extinguish the fire. A multi-port (8) and a dry powder fire extinguisher (9) are installed on the upper surface of the test chamber (1). The multi-port (8) is screwed to the dry powder fire extinguisher (9). The multi-port (8) is connected to the dry powder fire extinguisher (9) by a soft... The pipe is connected to the fire extinguishing mechanism (7). Under the multi-channel (8) diversion condition, the dry powder fire extinguishing tank (9) provides the fire extinguishing mechanism (7) with dry powder for fire extinguishing. The test box (1) is equipped with a door (10) on the front. The outer wall of the door (10) is equipped with a glass plate (11). Utilizing the transparency of the glass plate (11), the appearance changes during battery testing can be clearly observed. The temperature measuring mechanism (6) includes a base plate (61) installed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the test box (1). A lifting assembly (62) is installed at the center of the upper surface of the base plate (61). A support plate (63) is also installed on the upper surface of the base plate (61). The battery is supported by the support plate (63). The lifting assembly... (62) Penetrating the upper surface of the support plate (63), the lifting assembly (62) is activated by the gravity of the battery. One end of the support rod (64) is installed around the upper surface of the base plate (61) through the pin shaft. One end of the connecting rod (65) is installed around the outer wall of the lifting assembly (62) through the pin shaft, and the other end of the connecting rod (65) is connected to the support rod (64) through the pin shaft. The other end of the support rod (64) is equipped with a bulge detection unit (66). The bulge detection unit (66) includes a box (661) installed on the top of the support rod (64). Two leaf springs (662) are inserted into the left side of the inner cavity of the box (661) and are symmetrically arranged. The box (661) is electrically connected to the controller (2). Limiting grooves (663) are opened on the front and rear inner walls of the box (661). A slider (664) is inserted into the right side of the inner cavity of the box (661). Under the elastic force of the leaf spring (662), the slider (664) is pushed out of the box (661). At the same time, the limiting groove (663) restricts the movement distance of the slider (664). A thermistor (665) electrically connected to the thermometer (3) is installed on the right end of the slider (664). When the thermistor (665) comes into contact with the battery, heat conduction occurs. The resistance of the thermistor (665) is proportional to the temperature. The thermometer (3) analyzes the current battery temperature based on the change in current.

2. The test apparatus for testing the thermal safety performance of energy storage devices according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting assembly (62) includes a limiting post (621) installed at the center of the upper surface of the base plate (61). The outer wall of the limiting post (621) is fitted with a lifting seat (622) and a spring (623) from top to bottom. The outer wall of the lifting seat (622) is connected to the connecting rod (65) by a pin. Under the elastic force of the spring (623), the lifting seat (622) is pushed to rise. The lifting seat (622) extends out of the upper surface of the support plate (63). A limiting ring (624) is installed on the outer wall of the lifting seat (622) to limit the rising distance of the lifting seat (622).

3. The test apparatus for testing the thermal safety performance of energy storage devices according to claim 2, characterized in that, The connecting rod (65) is distributed on the outside of the lifting seat (622) from the inside to the outside, tilting upwards.

4. The test apparatus for testing the thermal safety performance of an energy storage device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The fire extinguishing mechanism (7) includes a transmission assembly (71) installed on the top of the inner cavity of the test box (1). A sensing assembly (72) is horizontally installed on the outer wall of the transmission assembly (71). The sensing assembly (72) heats up when the battery generates an open flame. The sensing assembly (72) is converted into mechanical motion to trigger the transmission assembly (71). A fire extinguishing assembly (73) is also installed on the outer wall of the transmission assembly (71).

5. The test apparatus for testing the thermal safety performance of an energy storage device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The transmission assembly (71) includes a transmission box (711) installed at the top of the inner cavity of the test box (1). A limit rod (712) is vertically installed in the inner cavity of the transmission box (711). A counterweight rack (713) that can slide up and down is sleeved on the outer wall of the limit rod (712). A gear (714) that meshes with the counterweight rack (713) is installed in the middle of the inner cavity of the transmission box (711) through a pin. The gear (714) is driven to rotate by the gravity of the counterweight rack (713). A guide groove (715) is provided on the front of the gear (714).

6. The test apparatus for testing the thermal safety performance of an energy storage device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The guide groove (715) has arc-shaped ends and a sloping middle section.

7. The test apparatus for testing the thermal safety performance of an energy storage device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The sensing component (72) includes a glass tube (721) installed on the outer wall of the transmission box (711). The inner cavity of the glass tube (721) is filled with an inert gas (722). A piston (723) is also inserted into the inner cavity of the glass tube (721). The piston (723) is moved by utilizing the property that the inert gas (722) expands with increasing temperature. A drive rack (724) is horizontally installed on the outer wall of the piston (723), and the drive rack (724) is meshed with a gear (714).

8. The test apparatus for testing the thermal safety performance of an energy storage device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The fire extinguishing assembly (73) includes a valve body (731) installed on the outer wall of the transmission box (711), and the top of the valve body (731) is connected to the multi-port (8) via a hose. A crankshaft (732) is mounted on the outer wall of the valve body (731) via a bearing. A valve core (733) is installed at the front end of the crankshaft (732) and inserted into the inner cavity of the valve body (731). The valve core (733) blocks and closes the valve body (731). A flow channel (734) is opened at the center of the outer wall of the valve core (733). 4) When parallel to the inner cavity of the valve body (731), the valve body (731) is opened. The rear end of the crankshaft (732) is equipped with a plug rod (735) that is inserted into the inner cavity of the guide groove (715). The bottom end of the valve body (731) is equipped with one end of an elbow (736), and the other end of the elbow (736) is equipped with a nozzle (737). The nozzle (737) sprays towards the center of the support plate (63). Dry powder is sprayed onto the battery placed on the support plate (63) using the nozzle (737) to achieve the purpose of extinguishing the fire.

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