Cooling system of fuel cell engine

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, and provides a cooling system of a fuel cell engine, which comprises a fuel cell stack, a cooling subsystem, a hydrogen subsystem and an air subsystem, the fuel cell stack is respectively connected with the cooling subsystem, the hydrogen subsystem and the air subsystem, the cooling subsystem is respectively connected with the hydrogen subsystem and the air subsystem. The deionizer is integrated at the fuel engine, the cooling subsystem of the deionizer is provided with a double-valve structure of the two-way valve and the four-way valve, when the deionizer needs to be replaced and maintained, the opening and closing states of the valve port ends of the two-way valve and the four-way valve can be controlled, the valve port ends are in the closed state, a cooling liquid channel of the engine and an external cooling system is cut off, and the deionizer is cooled. The ion device is convenient to replace and maintain, and the cooling liquid in the cooling subsystem cannot be influenced to overflow from the deionizer.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of fuel cell, and particularly relates to a cooling system of fuel cell engine. BACKGROUND

[0002] The fuel cell engine deionizer mainly uses resin fiber or activated carbon particles to adsorb ions, and is packaged into a cylindrical shape with a plastic shell. The two ends are designed as hose joints or threaded joints. The deionizer is a special part for maintaining low conductivity of the fuel cell engine coolant. When the ion adsorption is saturated, it needs to be regularly maintained and replaced. The existing technical solution generally adopts the method of overall packaging and replacement. When integrated, it is generally arranged on the heat dissipation system exhaust circuit or connected in parallel with the fuel cell.

[0003] The existing technical solution generally adopts overall packaging and replacement, which has high cost and complex replacement process. The replacement process generally adopts the following methods: one is to replace the deionizer after draining the coolant of the fuel cell engine cooling circuit, and finally replenish the coolant into the fuel cell engine cooling circuit and start the water pump to exhaust. This method is complex in operation, time-consuming, and high in maintenance cost. Another method is to set hand valves at the inlet and outlet of the deionizer. When replacing the deionizer, close the valves at both ends to cut off the coolant circuit, and then replace the deionizer. This method greatly reduces the maintenance period and cost, but there is still a part of the coolant between the deionizer and the valve. When replacing, it is easy to cause coolant leakage and pollution to the surface of the fuel cell engine. SUMMARY

[0004] In order to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide a cooling system of fuel cell engine.

[0005] The technical scheme adopted by the present application to solve its technical problems is: A cooling system of fuel cell engine, comprising: a fuel cell stack, a cooling subsystem, a hydrogen subsystem and an air subsystem, the fuel cell stack is connected with the cooling subsystem, the hydrogen subsystem and the air subsystem respectively, and the cooling subsystem is connected with the hydrogen subsystem and the air subsystem respectively; The cooling subsystem comprises a deionizer, a water pump, a two-way valve, a particle filter and a four-way valve, the four-way valve comprises a first valve port end, a second valve port end, a third valve port end and a fourth valve port end, the first valve port end of the four-way valve is connected with an external water tank through the particle filter, the second valve port end of the four-way valve is connected with an outlet of an external main radiator through the particle filter, the third valve port end of the four-way valve is connected with an inlet of the external main radiator and one end of the two-way valve respectively through the particle filter, one end of the water pump is connected with the fourth valve port end of the four-way valve, the other end of the water pump is connected with the fuel cell stack and one end of the deionizer respectively, the other end of the two-way valve is connected with the fuel cell stack and the other end of the deionizer respectively.

[0006] Preferably, the hydrogen subsystem comprises a hydrogen heat exchanger, a solenoid valve, a proportional valve, an ejector, a steam-water separator and a drain valve connected in series, the hydrogen heat exchanger is connected with the two-way valve and the deionizer respectively, the ejector and the steam-water separator are connected with the fuel cell stack, one end of the drain valve is connected with a port of the exhaust gas.

[0007] Preferably, the air subsystem comprises an air compressor, an intercooler, a humidifier, a throttle valve and a bypass valve, the air compressor, the intercooler, the humidifier and the throttle valve are connected in series, one end of the throttle valve is connected with the fuel cell stack, the air compressor is connected with a port of the exhaust gas and a port of an air inlet respectively, the bypass valve is connected with the humidifier and the port of the exhaust gas respectively, the intercooler is connected with the water pump and the deionizer.

[0008] Preferably, the throttle valve comprises a first throttle valve and a second throttle valve arranged in parallel.

[0009] Preferably, the application further comprises a plurality of connecting pipelines and a plurality of connecting multi-way nodes, the fuel cell stack is connected with the cooling subsystem, the hydrogen subsystem and the air subsystem through the connecting pipelines respectively, the cooling subsystem is connected with the hydrogen subsystem and the air subsystem through the connecting pipelines respectively; The connecting multi-way nodes comprise a first connecting multi-way node and a second connecting multi-way node, the first connecting multi-way node is connected with the other end of the water pump, one end of the deionizer, the fuel cell stack, the intercooler and the hydrogen heat exchanger through the connecting pipelines respectively, the second connecting multi-way node is connected with the other end of the deionizer, the intercooler, the fuel cell stack, the hydrogen heat exchanger and the other end of the two-way valve through the connecting pipelines respectively.

[0010] Preferably, the fuel cell stack is provided with a first inlet end, a second inlet end, a third inlet end, a first outlet end, a second outlet end and a third outlet end, the first inlet end and the second inlet end are connected with the cooling subsystem through the connecting pipeline, the second inlet end and the second outlet end are connected with the air subsystem through the connecting pipeline, and the third inlet end and the third outlet end are connected with the hydrogen subsystem through the connecting pipeline.

[0011] Preferably, the first inlet end is connected with the first throttle valve through the connecting pipeline, and the second outlet end is connected with the second throttle valve through the connecting pipeline.

[0012] Preferably, the deionizer comprises a shell, a filter element and a cover plate, the shell has a cavity for placing the filter element, and the cover plate is connected with the shell and covers the cavity opening of the shell.

[0013] Preferably, the cover plate is connected with the shell in a threaded fit.

[0014] Preferably, the cover plate is provided with a bolt connected with the shell.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages: The cooling system of the fuel cell engine of the present application is integrated in the fuel engine, the cooling subsystem has a double-valve structure of a two-way valve and a four-way valve, when the deionizer needs to be replaced and maintained, the opening and closing states of the valve port ends of the two-way valve and the four-way valve can be controlled, so that the valve port ends are in a closed state, the cooling liquid channel between the engine and the external heat dissipation system is cut off, the deionizer can be replaced and maintained, and the cooling liquid in the cooling subsystem will not overflow from the deionizer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed in the embodiment description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0017] Figure 1 The structure of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0018] Figure 2 The structure of the deionizer of the present application is shown in the exploded view.

[0019] Among them: 1-Fuel cell stack; 2-Cooling subsystem; 21-Deionizer; 211-Shell; 212-Filter element; 213-Cover plate; 22-Water pump; 23-Two-way valve; 24-First particulate filter; 25-Four-way valve; 26-Second particulate filter; 27-Third particulate filter; 3-Hydrogen subsystem; 31-Hydrogen heat exchanger; 32-Solenoid valve; 33-Proportional valve; 34-Ejector; 35-Gas-water separator; 36-Drain valve; 4-Air subsystem; 41-Air compressor; 42-Intercooler; 43-Humidifier; 44-First throttle valve; 45-Second throttle valve; 46-Bypass valve; 47-Connecting pipeline; 48-First connecting multi-port node; 49-Second connecting multi-port node. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention; the described embodiments are merely some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.

[0022] Example: like Figures 1-2 As shown, this embodiment provides a cooling system for a fuel cell engine, including: The fuel cell stack 1, cooling subsystem 2, hydrogen subsystem 3 and air subsystem 4 are connected to the cooling subsystem 2, hydrogen subsystem 3 and air subsystem 4 respectively, and the cooling subsystem 2 is connected to the hydrogen subsystem 3 and air subsystem 4 respectively. The cooling subsystem 2 includes a deionizer 21, a water pump 22, a two-way valve 23, a particulate filter, and a four-way valve 25. The particulate filter specifically includes a first particulate filter 24, a second particulate filter 26, and a third particulate filter 27. The four-way valve 25 includes a first valve port, a second valve port, a third valve port, and a fourth valve port. The first valve port of the four-way valve 25 is connected to an external water tank through the first particulate filter 24. The second valve port of the four-way valve 25 is connected to the outlet of an external main radiator through the second particulate filter 26. The third valve port of the four-way valve 25 is connected to the inlet of the external main radiator and one end of the two-way valve 23 through the third particulate filter 27. One end of the water pump 22 is connected to the fourth valve port of the four-way valve 25. The other end of the water pump 22 is connected to one end of the fuel cell stack 1 and the deionizer 21. The other end of the two-way valve 23 is connected to the other end of the fuel cell stack 1 and the deionizer 21.

[0023] The cooling system of the fuel cell engine in this embodiment is integrated into the fuel engine. Its cooling subsystem 2 has a dual-valve structure of a two-way valve 23 and a four-way valve 25. When the deionizer 21 needs to be replaced or maintained, the opening and closing states of the valve ports of the two-way valve 23 and the four-way valve 25 can be controlled to keep the valve ports closed, cutting off the coolant passage between the engine and the external heat dissipation system. This facilitates the replacement and maintenance of the deionizer and does not affect the overflow of coolant from the deionizer 21 in the cooling subsystem 2.

[0024] The specific structure of the hydrogen subsystem 3 in this embodiment is as follows: The device includes a hydrogen heat exchanger 31, a solenoid valve 32, a proportional valve 33, an ejector 34, a steam-water separator 35, and a drain valve 36 connected in series. The hydrogen heat exchanger 31 is connected to a two-way valve 23 and a deionizer 21, respectively. The ejector 34 and the steam-water separator 35 are connected to the fuel cell stack 1. One end of the drain valve 36 is connected to the port of the external exhaust gas.

[0025] The specific structure of the air subsystem 4 in this embodiment is as follows: It includes an air compressor 41, an intercooler 42, a humidifier 43, a throttle valve, and a bypass valve 46. The air compressor 41, intercooler 42, humidifier 43, and throttle valve are connected in series. One end of the throttle valve is connected to the fuel cell stack 1. The air compressor 41 is connected to the external exhaust port and the external air inlet port. The bypass valve 46 is connected to the humidifier 43 and the external exhaust port. The intercooler 42 is connected to the water pump 22 and the deionizer 21.

[0026] Specifically, the throttle valve includes two parallel-connected first throttle valves 44 and second throttle valves 45.

[0027] Meanwhile, the cooling system in this embodiment also includes several connecting pipes 47 and connecting multi-connection nodes. The fuel cell stack 1 is connected to the cooling subsystem 2, the hydrogen subsystem 3 and the air subsystem 4 through the connecting pipes 47 respectively. The cooling subsystem 2 is connected to the hydrogen subsystem 3 and the air subsystem 4 through the connecting pipes 47 respectively. The multi-port connection includes a first multi-port connection 48 and a second multi-port connection 49. The first multi-port connection 48 is connected to the other end of the water pump 22, one end of the deionizer 21, the fuel cell stack 1, the intercooler 42, and the hydrogen heat exchanger 31 via connecting pipes 47. The second multi-port connection 49 is connected to the other end of the deionizer 21, the intercooler 42, the fuel cell stack 1, the hydrogen heat exchanger 31, and the other end of the two-way valve 23 via connecting pipes 47.

[0028] Specifically, the fuel cell stack 1 is provided with a first inlet end, a second inlet end, a third inlet end, a first outlet end, a second outlet end, and a third outlet end. The first inlet end and the second inlet end are connected to the cooling subsystem 2 through connecting pipe 47, the second inlet end and the second outlet end are connected to the air subsystem 4 through connecting pipe 47, and the third inlet end and the third outlet end are connected to the hydrogen subsystem 3 through connecting pipe 47.

[0029] Specifically, the first inlet end is connected to the first throttle valve 44 via connecting pipe 47, and the second outlet end is connected to the second throttle valve 45 via connecting pipe 47.

[0030] Based on the above structure and the connection structure between the deionizer 21 and the fuel cell stack 1, the deionizer 21 is located at the highest point of the cooling system. The opening and closing states of the valve ports of the two-way valve 23 and the four-way valve 25 cut off the water pressure of the external high-level main radiator and water tank. Therefore, when the deionizer 21 is opened for maintenance, the coolant will not overflow.

[0031] The four-way valve 25 has a structure with a first valve port, a second valve port, a third valve port, and a fourth valve port. Its working principle is as follows (see below). Figure 1 The first valve port is marked D, the second valve port is marked A, the third valve port is marked C, and the fourth valve port is marked B. When the first and fourth valve ports are normally open, the four-way valve 25 is in normal working condition; the opening of the second and third valve ports can be adjusted to switch between internal and external circulation of the cooling circuit of the cooling subsystem 2; when the system is stopped, the fourth, third, and first valve ports are open, and the second valve port is closed.

[0032] The deionizer 21 in this embodiment includes a housing 211, a filter element 212, and a cover plate 213. The housing 211 has a cavity for placing the filter element 212, and the cover plate 213 is connected to the housing 211 and covers the cavity opening of the housing 211.

[0033] The structure in which the cover plate 213 is connected to the housing 211 can include the following two methods: the cover plate 213 and the housing 211 are connected by a threaded connection; or the cover plate 213 is provided with bolts that are connected to the housing 211.

[0034] The cover plate 213 and the housing 211 are detachable. When maintaining the deionizer 21, it is only necessary to remove the cover plate 213 and replace the filter element 212. The replacement is convenient and the cost is low.

[0035] In summary, the deionizer 21 of this application only requires the replacement of filter element 212 during maintenance, without the need for complete replacement, which is low-cost and convenient to maintain. At the same time, the deionizer 21 is located at a high position in the cooling system, so the coolant will not overflow during replacement, causing engine or environmental pollution, thus providing better safety and reliability.

[0036] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cooling system for a fuel cell engine, characterized in that, include: The fuel cell stack comprises a cooling subsystem, a hydrogen subsystem, and an air subsystem, wherein the fuel cell stack is connected to the cooling subsystem, the hydrogen subsystem, and the air subsystem, and the cooling subsystem is connected to the hydrogen subsystem and the air subsystem, respectively. The cooling subsystem includes a deionizer, a water pump, a two-way valve, a particulate filter, and a four-way valve. The four-way valve has a first valve port, a second valve port, a third valve port, and a fourth valve port. The first valve port of the four-way valve is connected to an external water tank through the particulate filter. The second valve port of the four-way valve is connected to the outlet of an external main radiator through the particulate filter. The third valve port of the four-way valve is connected to the inlet of the external main radiator and one end of the two-way valve through the particulate filter. One end of the water pump is connected to the fourth valve port of the four-way valve. The other end of the water pump is connected to one end of the fuel cell stack and one end of the deionizer. The other end of the two-way valve is connected to the other end of the fuel cell stack and the deionizer.

2. The cooling system for the fuel cell engine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydrogen subsystem includes a hydrogen heat exchanger, a solenoid valve, a proportional valve, an ejector, a vapor-liquid separator, and a drain valve connected in series. The hydrogen heat exchanger is connected to the two-way valve and the deionizer, respectively. The ejector and the vapor-liquid separator are connected to the fuel cell stack. One end of the drain valve is connected to the port of the external exhaust gas.

3. The cooling system for the fuel cell engine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The air subsystem includes an air compressor, an intercooler, a humidifier, a throttle valve, and a bypass valve. The air compressor, intercooler, humidifier, and throttle valve are connected in series. One end of the throttle valve is connected to the fuel cell stack. The air compressor is connected to both the external exhaust port and the external air inlet port. The bypass valve is connected to both the humidifier and the external exhaust port. The intercooler is connected to the water pump and the deionizer.

4. The cooling system for the fuel cell engine according to claim 3, characterized in that, The throttle valve includes two parallel throttle valves: a first throttle valve and a second throttle valve.

5. The cooling system for the fuel cell engine according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes several connecting pipes and connecting multi-port nodes. The fuel cell stack is connected to the cooling subsystem, hydrogen subsystem and air subsystem respectively through the connecting pipes. The cooling subsystem is connected to the hydrogen subsystem and air subsystem respectively through the connecting pipes. The multi-port connection includes a first multi-port connection and a second multi-port connection. The first multi-port connection is connected to the other end of the water pump, one end of the deionizer, the fuel cell stack, the intercooler, and the hydrogen heat exchanger via the connecting pipes. The second multi-port connection is connected to the other end of the deionizer, the intercooler, the fuel cell stack, the hydrogen heat exchanger, and the other end of the two-way valve via the connecting pipes.

6. The cooling system for the fuel cell engine according to claim 5, characterized in that, The fuel cell stack is provided with a first inlet end, a second inlet end, a third inlet end, a first outlet end, a second outlet end, and a third outlet end. The first inlet end and the second inlet end are connected to the cooling subsystem through the connecting pipe. The second inlet end and the second outlet end are connected to the air subsystem through the connecting pipe. The third inlet end and the third outlet end are connected to the hydrogen subsystem through the connecting pipe.

7. The cooling system for the fuel cell engine according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first inlet end is connected to the first throttle valve through the connecting pipe, and the second outlet end is connected to the second throttle valve through the connecting pipe.

8. The cooling system for the fuel cell engine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The deionizer includes a housing, a filter element, and a cover plate. The housing has a cavity for placing the filter element, and the cover plate is connected to the housing and covers the cavity opening of the housing.

9. The cooling system for the fuel cell engine according to claim 8, characterized in that, The cover plate is threadedly connected to the housing.

10. The cooling system for the fuel cell engine according to claim 8, characterized in that, The cover plate is provided with bolts that connect to the housing.

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