Photovoltaic module

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, and provides a photovoltaic module, which at least can improve the performance of the photovoltaic module and save the preparation cost. The photovoltaic module comprises a laminated piece, a frame, an insulating film and sealant, wherein the laminated piece is provided with a first surface and a second surface which are opposite, and a third surface connected with the first surface and the second surface; the frame comprises a limiting part and a bearing part which are opposite and a connecting part for connecting the limiting part and the bearing part, the bearing part is used for bearing the laminated part, the limiting part, the connecting part and the bearing part form a containing groove, and part of the laminated part is located in the containing groove; the insulating film is located in the containing groove and located on the first face, the second face and the third face, the bearing part comprises a first part and a second part, the insulating film is arranged between the first part and the laminated piece, and the side, facing the laminated piece, of the second part protrudes towards the limiting part relative to the first part; the sealant is located in the containing groove and located between the frame and the insulating film and between the frame and the laminated piece.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic module. Background Technology

[0002] As fossil fuels are gradually depleted, solar energy is becoming increasingly widely used as a new energy alternative. A solar cell is a device that converts sunlight into electrical energy. Solar cells utilize the photovoltaic principle to generate charge carriers, which are then extracted using electrodes, thus facilitating the efficient use of electrical energy.

[0003] Photovoltaic modules are crucial devices for converting solar energy into electricity. A photovoltaic module consists of a laminate, sealant, and frame; the sealant is used to bond the laminate and frame. However, current frame designs have certain problems that affect the performance of photovoltaic modules. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a photovoltaic module that can at least improve the performance of the photovoltaic module and save manufacturing costs.

[0005] This application provides a photovoltaic module, comprising: a laminate having opposing first and second surfaces, and a third surface connecting the first and second surfaces; a frame including opposing limiting and supporting portions, and a connecting portion connecting the limiting and supporting portions, the supporting portion supporting the laminate, the limiting portion, the connecting portion, and the supporting portion forming a receiving groove, a portion of the laminate located within the receiving groove; an insulating film located within the receiving groove and on the first, second, and third surfaces, wherein the supporting portion includes a first portion and a second portion, the first portion having the insulating film between it and the laminate, and the second portion protruding towards the limiting portion relative to the first portion on one side facing the laminate; and a sealant located within the receiving groove, between the frame and the insulating film, and between the frame and the laminate.

[0006] Optionally, the second part includes a first smooth portion, wherein the first smooth portion is at the same distance from the laminate in the direction from the first part to the second part.

[0007] Optionally, the second part further includes: a first variable part, the first variable part being located on the side of the first smooth part near the connecting part, and the distance between the end of the first variable part near the first part and the laminate is greater than the distance between the end of the first variable part near the first smooth part and the laminate.

[0008] Optionally, the second part further includes: a second variation part, the second variation part being located on the side of the first smooth part away from the connecting part, and the distance between the end of the second variation part near the first smooth part and the laminate is less than the distance between the end of the second variation part away from the first smooth part and the laminate.

[0009] Optionally, the distance between the end of the second part closer to the first part and the laminate is less than the distance between the end of the second part farther from the first part and the laminate.

[0010] Optionally, the limiting portion includes a third portion and a fourth portion, the third portion having the insulating film between it and the laminate, and the fourth portion protruding toward the bearing portion relative to the third portion on the side facing the laminate.

[0011] Optionally, the fourth part includes a second smooth section, which is equidistant from the laminate in the direction from the third part to the fourth part.

[0012] Optionally, the fourth part further includes: a third variation part, the third variation part being located on the side of the second smooth part near the connecting part, and the distance between the end of the third variation part near the third part and the laminate is greater than the distance between the end of the third variation part near the second smooth part and the laminate.

[0013] Optionally, the fourth part further includes: a fourth variation part, the fourth variation part being located on the side of the second smooth part away from the connecting part, and the distance between the end of the fourth variation part near the second smooth part and the laminate is less than the distance between the end of the fourth variation part away from the second smooth part and the laminate.

[0014] Optionally, the distance between the end of the fourth part closer to the third part and the laminate is less than the distance between the end of the fourth part farther from the third part and the laminate.

[0015] The technical solution provided in this application has at least the following advantages: In the photovoltaic module technical solution provided in this application, the supporting part in the frame includes a first part and a second part. The side of the second part facing the laminate protrudes towards the limiting part relative to the first part, so that the thickness of the sealant between the second part and the laminate is moderate, avoiding the sealant's adhesion performance being affected and materials being wasted due to excessive sealant thickness between the second part and the laminate. This can improve the performance of the photovoltaic module and save manufacturing costs. Attached Figure Description

[0016] One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example with corresponding pictures in the accompanying drawings. These illustrations do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments. Unless otherwise stated, the pictures in the accompanying drawings do not constitute a limitation on scale. In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or in the conventional technology, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module in related technologies; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a first partial structure of a photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 A top view of the laminate and insulating film in a photovoltaic module provided in this application embodiment; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a structure of a laminate in a photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a second partial structure of a photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a third partial structure of a photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a fourth partial structure of a photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a fifth partial structure of a photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module in related technologies, wherein... Figure 1 Only a portion of the laminated structure is shown.

[0019] refer to Figure 1 A photovoltaic module includes a laminated structure 1, a module frame 2, an insulating layer 3, and an adhesive layer 4.

[0020] The laminated structure 1 is also called a laminate. The laminated structure 1 has a front side 11 and a back side 12 facing each other, and a side side 13 connecting the front side 11 and the back side 12.

[0021] The component frame 2, also referred to simply as the frame, includes a limiting portion 21 and a supporting portion 22, as well as a connecting portion 23 that connects the limiting portion 21 and the supporting portion 22. The front 11 faces the limiting portion 21, the back 12 faces the supporting portion 22, and the side 13 faces the connecting portion 23. The supporting portion 22 supports the laminated structure 1. The limiting portion 21, the connecting portion 23, and the supporting portion 22 form a mounting groove, and the edge portion of the laminated structure 1 is located within the mounting groove. The supporting portion 22 includes a first portion 221 and a second portion 222. The first portion 221 is located on the side of the insulating layer 3 facing away from the laminated structure 1, meaning that an insulating layer 3 is provided between the first portion 221 and the laminated structure 1, while there is no insulating layer 3 between the second portion 222 and the laminated structure 1.

[0022] The adhesive layer 4 can be a sealant. The adhesive layer 4 is located in the mounting groove and between the component frame 2 and the insulating layer 3, as well as between the component frame 2 and the laminated structure 1.

[0023] In related technologies, to increase the creepage distance of photovoltaic modules and improve their safety performance, an insulating layer 3 is set around the perimeter of the laminated structure 1. The insulating layer 3 is located on the front 11, back 12, and side 13 of the edge of the laminated structure 1, and is C-shaped and wraps around the edge of the laminated structure 1. Due to the presence of the insulating layer 3, the distance between the limiting part 21 and the supporting part 22 in the module frame 2 needs to be increased so that the mounting groove can accommodate the insulating layer 3, the laminated structure 1, and the adhesive layer 4. In related technologies, the distance between the first part 221 and the laminated structure 1 is usually equal to the distance between the second part 222 and the laminated structure 1. This results in a larger distance between the second part 222 and the laminated structure 1, which makes the thickness of the adhesive layer 4 between the second part 222 and the laminated structure 1 too large, affecting the bonding performance between the module frame 2 and the laminated structure 1, and thus causing poor performance of the photovoltaic module.

[0024] Therefore, this application provides a photovoltaic module in which the supporting part in the frame includes a first part and a second part. The first part is located on the side of the insulating film away from the laminate, and the second part protrudes towards the limiting part relative to the first part on the side facing the laminate. This makes the thickness of the sealant between the second part and the laminate moderate, avoiding the sealant's adhesion performance being affected and materials being wasted due to excessive sealant thickness between the second part and the laminate. This can improve the performance of the photovoltaic module and save manufacturing costs.

[0025] In the description of the embodiments of this application, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different objects and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined.

[0026] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0027] In the description of the embodiments in this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent three cases: A exists, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists. In addition, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the related objects before and after it have an "or" relationship.

[0028] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "multiple" refers to two or more (including two), similarly, "multiple sets" refers to two or more (including two sets), and "multiple pieces" refers to two or more (including two pieces).

[0029] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the technical terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of this application and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this application.

[0030] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, technical terms such as "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0031] In the description of the embodiments of this application, "electrically connected to one component" means that both components are made of conductive materials, and the two components are in direct contact and connected or connected via other conductive materials. Therefore, when the photovoltaic module is generating electricity, there is current transfer between the two components. "Electrically contacting one component to another" means that the two components are not only in contact, but also, because both components are made of conductive materials, there is current transfer between the two components when the photovoltaic module is generating electricity.

[0032] In the accompanying drawings corresponding to the embodiments of this application, the thickness and area of ​​the layers are enlarged for better understanding and ease of description. When describing a component (such as a layer, film, region, or substrate) on or on the surface of another component, the component may be "directly" located on the surface of the other component, or there may be a third component between the two components. Conversely, when describing a component on the surface of another component, or when another component is formed or disposed on the surface of a component, it indicates that there is no third component between the two components. Furthermore, when describing a component as being "generally" formed on another component, it means that the component is not formed on the entire surface (or front surface) of the other component, nor is it formed on a portion of the edge of the entire surface.

[0033] In the description of the embodiments of this application, when a component "includes" another component, other components are not excluded unless otherwise stated, and other components may be further included. Furthermore, when a component such as a layer, film, region, or plate is referred to as being "on / located" on another component, it can be "directly on" the other component (i.e., located on the surface of the other component with no other components between them), or another component may be present therein. Moreover, when a component such as a layer, film, region, or plate is "directly located" on another component, or when a component such as a layer, film, region, or plate is located on the surface of another component, it indicates that no other components are located therein.

[0034] The embodiments of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, those skilled in the art will understand that many technical details have been provided in the embodiments of this application to facilitate a better understanding of the application. However, the technical solutions claimed in this application can be implemented even without these technical details and various variations and modifications based on the following embodiments.

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a first partial structure of a photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 and Figure 3 The diagrams only show partial structures of the laminated components. Figure 3The main focus is on magnifying the portion of the frame that contains the receiving slot.

[0036] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The photovoltaic module includes a laminate 5, a frame 6, an insulating film 7, and a sealant 8. The laminate 5 has a first surface 51 and a second surface 52 facing each other, and a third surface 53 connecting the first surface 51 and the second surface 52. The frame 6 includes a limiting part 61 and a supporting part 62 facing each other, and a connecting part 63 connecting the limiting part 61 and the supporting part 62. The supporting part 62 is used to support the laminate 5. The limiting part 61, the connecting part 63, and the supporting part 62 form a receiving groove, and part of the laminate 5 is located in the receiving groove. The insulating film 7 is located in the receiving groove and is located on the first surface 51, the second surface 52, and the third surface 53. The supporting part 62 includes a first part 621 and a second part 622. The first part 621 has the insulating film 7 between it and the laminate 5. The second part 622 protrudes towards the limiting part 61 relative to the first part 621 on the side facing the laminate 5. The sealant 8 is located in the receiving groove and is located between the frame 6 and the insulating film 7, and between the frame 6 and the laminate 5.

[0037] Figure 4 This is a top view of the laminate and insulating film in a photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0038] refer to Figure 4 The laminate 5 may include a main area and an edge area. The main area is the primary region of the laminate 5 that converts solar energy into electrical energy, the edge area is located around the main area and surrounds the main area, and the insulating film 7 is located on the edge area of ​​the laminate 5.

[0039] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a laminate in a photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0040] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 5 The laminate 5 has a first surface 51 and a second surface 52 with a large area and arranged opposite to each other, and a third surface 53 connecting the first surface 51 and the second surface 52. The first surface 51 may be disposed toward the limiting part 61, the second surface 52 may be disposed toward the bearing part 62, and the third surface 53 may be disposed toward the connecting part 63.

[0041] In some embodiments, the laminate 5 includes a battery string, an encapsulating film 54, and a cover plate 55, wherein the encapsulating film 54 covers the surface of the battery string, and the cover plate 55 covers the surface of the encapsulating film 54 opposite to the battery string.

[0042] The battery string includes multiple battery cells 56 and solder strips 57, which are used to electrically connect adjacent battery cells 56.

[0043] The solar cell 56 can be one or any combination of BC (Back Contact) cells, PERC (Passivated Emitter Rear Cell) cells, TOPCON (Tunnel Oxide Passivated Contact) cells, heterojunction cells, thin-film solar cells, and tandem cells. Thin-film solar cells include, but are not limited to, perovskite thin-film solar cells, copper indium selenide (CIGS) thin-film solar cells, gallium arsenide (GaAs) thin-film solar cells, and cadmium sulfide (CdS) thin-film solar cells. Tandem cells include, but are not limited to, perovskite cells stacked with crystalline silicon cells, perovskite cells stacked with perovskite cells, and perovskite cells stacked with thin-film cells. Figure 5 Taking the TOPCON battery with cell 56 as an example.

[0044] Cell 56 can be a cell with a main grid, which shortens the current conduction path and reduces internal losses, thereby increasing the power of the photovoltaic module. Cell 56 can also be a cell without a main grid, in which case solder ribbon 57 is used to replace the original main grid and electrically connects with the fine grid, which can significantly reduce silver paste consumption and thus reduce the cost of the photovoltaic module.

[0045] The battery cell 56 can be a whole cell or a sliced ​​cell. A sliced ​​cell refers to a cell formed by cutting a complete cell. Sliced ​​cells can be two-piece sliced ​​cells, three-piece sliced ​​cells, or four-piece sliced ​​cells, etc.

[0046] In some embodiments, the encapsulating film 54 includes a first encapsulating layer and a second encapsulating layer. The first encapsulating layer covers one of the front and back sides of the battery cell 56, and the second encapsulating layer covers the other of the front and back sides of the battery cell 56. Specifically, at least one of the first and second encapsulating layers can be an organic encapsulating film 54 such as polyvinyl butyral (PVB) film, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) film, polyvinyl octene coelastomer (POE) film, or polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film. Alternatively, at least one of the first and second encapsulating layers can also be an EP film, EPE film, or PVP film. Among them, EP film refers to a co-extruded film composed of stacked EVA film and POE film; EPE film refers to a co-extruded film formed by sequentially stacking EVA film, POE film, and EVA film; and PVP film refers to a co-extruded film formed by stacking POE film, EVA film, and POE film. Co-extruded films can be prepared by sequentially extruding one or more raw materials onto another pre-made film during the film processing, or by bonding different types of pre-made films together.

[0047] In some cases, the first encapsulation layer and the second encapsulation layer still have a boundary line before lamination. After the photovoltaic module is formed by lamination, there is no longer a concept of the first encapsulation layer and the second encapsulation layer. That is, the first encapsulation layer and the second encapsulation layer have formed an integral encapsulation film 54.

[0048] In some embodiments, the cover plate 55 can be a glass cover plate, a plastic cover plate, or other cover plate with light-transmitting function. Specifically, the surface of the cover plate 55 facing the encapsulating film 54 can be an uneven surface or a textured surface containing multiple raised structures, thereby increasing the utilization rate of incident light. The cover plate 55 includes a first cover plate and a second cover plate, the first cover plate being opposite to the first encapsulation layer, and the second cover plate being opposite to the second encapsulation layer.

[0049] Continue to refer to Figure 2 and Figure 4 The insulating film 7 is located on the laminate 5. The insulating film 7 may include an adhesive layer and an insulating base layer. The adhesive layer is located between the insulating base layer and the laminate 5 and is used to bond the insulating base layer to the laminate 5 to improve the creepage distance of the photovoltaic module.

[0050] In some embodiments, the thickness of the insulating film 7 is 0.3 mm to 0.6 mm, for example, 0.3 mm, 0.35 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.55 mm, or 0.6 mm. When the thickness of the insulating film 7 is within the above range, the insulating film 7 can effectively increase the creepage distance of the photovoltaic module.

[0051] The sealant 8 is used to bond the laminate 5 to the frame 6 and the insulating film 7 to the frame 6.

[0052] The frame 6 is used to fix and protect the laminate 5. The limiting part 61, the connecting part 63 and the bearing part 62 form a receiving groove for receiving the laminate 5, the insulating film 7 and the sealant 8.

[0053] The carrier portion 62 includes a first portion 621 and a second portion 622. The first portion 621 is located on the side of the insulating film 7 facing away from the laminate 5, meaning that the insulating film 7 is present between the first portion 621 and the laminate 5. Conversely, the second portion 622 does not have an insulating film 7 between it and the laminate 5. In other words, the first portion 621 is the part of the carrier portion 62 that has an insulating film 7 between it and the laminate 5.

[0054] The second part 622 is positioned so that it protrudes towards the limiting part 61 relative to the first part 621 on the side facing the laminate 5. This ensures that the thickness of the sealant 8 between the second part 622 and the laminate 5 is moderate. This prevents the sealant 8 from being too thick due to an excessive distance between the second part 622 and the laminate 5, which would affect the adhesive performance of the sealant 8 and waste material. As a result, the performance of the photovoltaic module can be improved and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

[0055] The second part 622 is located on the side of the first part 621 away from the connecting part 63. The side of the second part 622 facing the laminate 5 protrudes towards the limiting part 61 relative to the first part 621, which can also prevent the sealant 8 from escaping, and ensure that the sealant 8 can fully contact the first part 621 and the insulating film 7, thereby improving the bonding reliability.

[0056] In some embodiments, the thickness of the sealant 8 located between the first part 621 and the laminate 5 is 0.1 mm to 1 mm, for example 0.1 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.8 mm, 0.9 mm or 1 mm.

[0057] In some embodiments, the length of the first part 621 along the first direction X is 1.5mm to 7.5mm, for example 1.5mm, 3mm, 4.5mm, 6mm, 7mm or 7.5mm.

[0058] In some embodiments, the thickness of the sealant 8 located between the second part 622 and the laminate 5 is 0.3mm to 1mm, for example, 0.3mm, 0.5mm, 0.8mm, 0.9mm or 1mm. The thickness of the sealant 8 is within the above range, and the thickness of the sealant 8 is moderate, which can effectively bond the frame 6 and the laminate 5.

[0059] In some embodiments, the length of the second part 622 along the first direction X is 2mm to 6mm, for example 2mm, 3mm, 4mm, 4.5mm, 5mm or 6mm.

[0060] In some embodiments, the second part 622 has a first drainage channel, one end of which faces the connecting part 63 and the other end of which faces the limiting part 61. When the laminate 5 and the insulating film 7 are installed in the receiving groove, the sealant 8 on the first part 621 can flow to the second part 622 through the first drainage channel to ensure that there is sealant 8 on the second part 622 to bond the laminate 5 and the frame 6.

[0061] In some embodiments, the first drainage channel may be L-shaped.

[0062] In some embodiments, in the first direction X, the length of the second part 622 is greater than the length of the fourth part 612. The larger length of the second part 622 allows for a larger length of the supporting part 62, enabling the supporting part 62 to provide sufficient load-bearing capacity for the laminate 5. The smaller length of the second part 622 allows for a smaller length of the limiting part 61, preventing the limiting part 61 from being too long and obstructing the laminate 5 from absorbing sunlight.

[0063] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a second partial structure of a photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of a third partial structure of a photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0064] refer to Figure 3 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 In some embodiments, the second part 622 includes a first smooth portion 6221, and the first smooth portion 6221 is equidistant from the laminate 5 in the direction from the first part 621 to the second part 622. This results in a higher uniformity of the thickness of the sealant 8 between the first smooth portion 6221 and the laminate 5, which is beneficial to improving the connection stability between the laminate 5 and the frame 6.

[0065] It is understandable that there may be a difference in the distance between the first smooth part 6221 and the laminate 5 in the direction from the first part 621 to the second part 622. When the difference is within the measurement tolerance or manufacturing error range, they should be regarded as substantially the same.

[0066] In some embodiments, in the thickness direction of the laminate 5, the distance between the surface of the first smooth portion 6221 facing the laminate 5 and the surface of the first portion 621 facing the laminate 5 is 0.1mm to 0.5mm, for example 0.1mm, 0.2mm, 0.3mm, 0.4mm or 0.5mm.

[0067] refer to Figure 6 In some embodiments, the second part 622 further includes a first variation part 6222, which is located on the side of the first smooth part 6221 near the connecting part 63. The distance between the end of the first variation part 6222 near the first part 621 and the laminate 5 is greater than the distance between the end of the first variation part 6222 near the first smooth part 6221 and the laminate 5. The first variation part 6222 includes two opposite ends along the first direction X, one end being the end near the first part 621 and the other end being the end near the first smooth part 6221. The end near the first part 621 is lower than the end near the first smooth part 6221.

[0068] The first changing part 6222 is located between the first smooth part 6221 and the first part 621.

[0069] When assembling the frame 6 and the laminate 5, sealant 8 is filled into the receiving groove through a caulking head. The sealant 8 is located on the connecting part 63, part of the bearing part 62, and part of the buffer part 61. Then, the laminate 5 and the insulating film 7 are inserted into the receiving groove. The sealant 8 flows under the pressure of the laminate 5 and the insulating film 7 and fills the gap between the laminate 5 and the frame 6. The presence of the first changing part 6222 facilitates the flow of sealant 8 from the bottom of the groove (i.e., the connecting part 63) to the second part 622 when the laminate 5 and the insulating film 7 are placed into the receiving groove, so that the sealant 8 can reach the second part 622 and bond the second part 622 and the laminate 5.

[0070] The first direction X is the direction from the first part 621 to the second part 622. The distance between the second part 622 and the laminate 5 is positively correlated with the thickness of the sealant 8 between the second part 622 and the laminate 5.

[0071] In some embodiments, in the direction from the first portion 621 to the second portion 622, the distance between the first changing portion 6222 and the laminate 5 can gradually decrease; that is, the surface of the first changing portion 6222 facing the laminate 5 can be a sloped surface. This causes the thickness of the sealant 8 between the first changing portion 6222 and the laminate 5 to gradually change, serving as a buffer between the first portion 621 and the first smooth portion 6221. In other embodiments, in the direction from the first portion 621 to the second portion 622, the distance between the first changing portion 6222 and the laminate 5 can first increase and then decrease. In still other embodiments, in the direction from the first portion 621 to the second portion 622, the distance between the first changing portion 6222 and the laminate 5 can first decrease, then increase, and then decrease again.

[0072] In some embodiments, the angle between the surface of the first variation portion 6222 facing the laminate 5 and the plane containing the second surface 52 is in the range of 15° to 50°, for example 15°, 20°, 30°, 40° or 50°.

[0073] In some embodiments, the length of the first variation portion 6222 along the first direction X is 0.5mm to 2mm, for example 0.5mm, 0.8mm, 1mm, 1.2mm, 1.5mm or 2mm.

[0074] refer to Figure 7 In some embodiments, the second part 622 further includes a second variation part 6223, which is located on the side of the first smooth portion 6221 away from the connecting portion 63. The distance between the end of the second variation part 6223 near the first smooth portion 6221 and the laminate 5 is less than the distance between the end of the second variation part 6223 away from the first smooth portion 6221 and the laminate 5. The first smooth portion 6221 is located between the second variation part 6223 and the first part 621. The second variation part 6223 includes two opposite ends along the first direction X, one end being the end near the first smooth portion 6221 and the other end being the end away from the first smooth portion 6221. The end near the first smooth portion 6221 is higher than the end away from the first smooth portion 6221. The end of the second variation section 6223 that is far from the first smooth section 6221 is at a greater distance from the laminate 5, which is beneficial for the insulating film 7 and the laminate 5 to be placed into the receiving groove smoothly through the groove opening of the receiving groove.

[0075] The distance between the second part 622 and the laminate 5 is positively correlated with the thickness of the sealant 8 between the second part 622 and the laminate 5.

[0076] In some embodiments, in the direction from the first portion 621 to the second portion 622, the distance between the second changing portion 6223 and the laminate 5 may increase, that is, the surface of the second changing portion 6223 facing the laminate 5 may be a sloped surface. In other embodiments, in the direction from the first portion 621 to the second portion 622, the distance between the second changing portion 6223 and the laminate 5 may first increase and then decrease. In still other embodiments, in the direction from the first portion 621 to the second portion 622, the distance between the second changing portion 6223 and the laminate 5 may first decrease and then increase.

[0077] In some embodiments, the angle between the surface of the second variation portion 6223 facing the laminate 5 and the plane containing the second surface 52 is in the range of 15° to 50°, for example 15°, 20°, 30°, 40° or 50°.

[0078] In some embodiments, the length of the second variation portion 6223 along the first direction X is 0.5mm to 2mm, for example 0.5mm, 0.8mm, 1mm, 1.2mm, 1.5mm or 2mm.

[0079] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a fourth partial structure of a photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0080] refer to Figure 8 In some embodiments, the distance between the end of the second part 622 closest to the first part 621 and the laminate 5 is less than the distance between the end of the second part 622 furthest from the first part 621 and the laminate 5. A larger distance between the end of the second part 622 furthest from the first part 621 and the laminate 5 facilitates the smooth passage of the insulating film 7 and the laminate 5 into the receiving groove when they are placed inside.

[0081] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a fifth partial structure of a photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0082] refer to Figure 9 In some embodiments, the carrier portion 62 further includes a first spacer portion 623, which is located between the first portion 621 and the second portion 622. The first spacer portion 623 does not have an insulating film 7 between it and the laminate 5, and the surface of the first spacer portion 623 facing the laminate 5 is flush with the first portion 621. The presence of the first spacer portion 623 is to prevent the insulating film 7 from becoming excessively long along the first direction X due to manufacturing errors or other reasons, thus extending between the second portion 622 and the laminate 5 and affecting the adhesion between the second portion 622 and the laminate 5.

[0083] In some embodiments, the length of the first spacer 623 along the first direction X is 0.1 mm to 1 mm, for example, 0.1 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.8 mm, 0.9 mm, or 1 mm. A larger distance between the first spacer 623 and the laminate 5 results in a larger thickness of the sealant 8 between them, which is detrimental to the adhesion of the sealant 8 to the carrier 62 and the laminate 5. The length of the first spacer 623 is within the aforementioned range; a shorter length avoids affecting the adhesion performance between the carrier 62 and the laminate 5 due to a longer first spacer 623.

[0084] Continue to refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 In some embodiments, the limiting part 61 includes a third part 611 and a fourth part 612. The third part 611 has an insulating film 7 between it and the laminate 5. The fourth part 612 protrudes toward the bearing part 62 relative to the third part 611 on the side facing the laminate 5.

[0085] The third part 611 has an insulating film 7 between it and the laminate 5, while the fourth part 612 does not have an insulating film 7 between it and the laminate 5. That is, the third part 611 is the portion of the limiting part 61 that has an insulating film 7 between it and the laminate 5. The side of the fourth part 612 facing the laminate 5 protrudes towards the bearing part 62 relative to the third part 611, so that the thickness of the sealant 8 between the fourth part 612 and the laminate 5 is moderate. This avoids the sealant 8's adhesion performance being affected and material being wasted due to a large thickness between the fourth part 612 and the laminate 5, thereby improving the performance of the photovoltaic module and saving manufacturing costs.

[0086] In some embodiments, in the thickness direction of the laminate 5, the distance between the surface of the fourth part 612 facing the laminate 5 and the surface of the third part 611 facing the laminate 5 is 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm, for example 0.1 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.25 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.4 mm or 0.5 mm.

[0087] In some embodiments, the thickness of the sealant 8 located between the third part 611 and the laminate 5 is 0.1 mm to 1 mm, for example 0.1 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.8 mm, 0.9 mm or 1 mm.

[0088] In some embodiments, the thickness of the sealant 8 located between the fourth part 612 and the laminate 5 is 0.3mm to 1mm, for example, 0.3mm, 0.5mm, 0.8mm, 0.9mm or 1mm. The thickness of the sealant 8 is within the above range, and the thickness of the sealant 8 is moderate, which can effectively bond the frame 6 and the laminate 5.

[0089] In some embodiments, the length of the third part 611 along the first direction X is 1.5mm to 7.5mm, for example 1.5mm, 3mm, 4.5mm, 6mm, 7mm or 7.5mm.

[0090] In some embodiments, the length of the fourth part 612 along the first direction X is 1mm to 4mm, for example, 1mm, 2mm, 3mm, 3.5mm, or 4mm.

[0091] In some embodiments, the fourth part 612 has a second drainage channel, one end of which faces the connecting part 63 and the other end of which faces the supporting part 62. When the laminate 5 and the insulating film 7 are installed in the receiving groove, the sealant 8 on the third part 611 can flow to the fourth part 612 through the second drainage channel to ensure that the sealant 8 on the fourth part 612 can bond the laminate 5 and the frame 6.

[0092] In some embodiments, the second drainage channel may be L-shaped.

[0093] refer to Figure 3 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 In some embodiments, the fourth part 612 includes a second smooth portion 6121, which is equidistant from the laminate 5 in the direction from the third part 611 to the fourth part 612. This results in a higher uniformity of the thickness of the sealant 8 between the second smooth portion 6121 and the laminate 5, which is beneficial to improving the connection stability between the laminate 5 and the frame 6.

[0094] It is understandable that there may be a difference in the distance between the second smooth section 6121 and the laminate 5 in the direction from the third section 611 to the fourth section 612. When the difference is within the measurement tolerance or manufacturing error range, they should be regarded as substantially the same.

[0095] In some embodiments, the fourth portion 612 further includes a third variation portion 6122, which is located on the side of the second smooth portion 6121 near the connecting portion 63. The distance between the end of the third variation portion 6122 near the third portion 611 and the laminate 5 is greater than the distance between the end of the third variation portion 6122 near the second smooth portion 6121 and the laminate 5. The third variation portion 6122 is located between the third portion 611 and the second smooth portion 6121. The third variation portion 6122 includes two opposite ends along the first direction X, one end being the end near the third portion 611 and the other end being the end near the second smooth portion 6121. The end near the third portion 611 is lower than the end near the second smooth portion 6121. The presence of the third variation part 6122 facilitates the flow of sealant 8 from the bottom of the groove (i.e., the connecting part 63) to the fourth part 612 when the laminate 5 and the insulating film 7 are being contained in the receiving groove, so that the sealant 8 can reach the fourth part 612 and bond the fourth part 612 to the laminate 5.

[0096] The distance between the fourth part 612 and the laminate 5 is positively correlated with the thickness of the sealant 8 between the fourth part 612 and the laminate 5.

[0097] In some embodiments, in the direction from the third portion 611 to the fourth portion 612, the distance between the third variation portion 6122 and the laminate 5 can decrease, that is, the surface of the third variation portion 6122 facing the laminate 5 can be a sloped surface, so that the thickness of the sealant 8 between the third variation portion 6122 and the laminate 5 gradually changes, which can serve as a buffer portion between the third portion 611 and the second smooth portion 6121. In other embodiments, in the direction from the third portion 611 to the fourth portion 612, the distance between the third variation portion 6122 and the laminate 5 can first increase and then decrease. In still other embodiments, in the direction from the third portion 611 to the fourth portion 612, the distance between the third variation portion 6122 and the laminate 5 can first decrease, then increase, and then decrease again.

[0098] In some embodiments, the angle between the surface of the third variation portion 6122 facing the laminate 5 and the plane containing the first surface 51 is in the range of 15° to 50°, for example 15°, 20°, 30°, 40° or 50°.

[0099] In some embodiments, the fourth portion 612 further includes a fourth variation portion 6123, which is located on the side of the second smooth portion 6121 away from the connecting portion 63. The distance between the end of the fourth variation portion 6123 near the second smooth portion 6121 and the laminate 5 is smaller than the distance between the end of the fourth variation portion 6123 away from the second smooth portion 6121 and the laminate 5. The second variation portion 6223 includes two opposite ends along the first direction X, one end being near the second smooth portion 6121 and the other end being away from the second smooth portion 6121. The end near the second smooth portion 6121 is higher than the end away from the second smooth portion 6121. The larger distance between the end of the fourth variation portion 6123 away from the second smooth portion 6121 and the laminate 5 facilitates the smooth passage of the insulating film 7 and the laminate 5 into the receiving groove when they are placed into the receiving groove.

[0100] The second smooth section 6121 is located between the fourth variation section 6123 and the third section 611.

[0101] The distance between the fourth part 612 and the laminate 5 is positively correlated with the thickness of the sealant 8 between the fourth part 612 and the laminate 5.

[0102] In some embodiments, the distance between the fourth changing portion 6123 and the laminate 5 may increase in the direction from the third portion 611 to the fourth portion 612. In other embodiments, the distance between the fourth changing portion 6123 and the laminate 5 may first increase, then decrease, and then increase again in the direction from the third portion 611 to the fourth portion 612. In still other embodiments, the distance between the fourth changing portion 6123 and the laminate 5 may first decrease and then increase in the direction from the third portion 611 to the fourth portion 612.

[0103] In some embodiments, the angle between the surface of the fourth variation portion 6123 facing the laminate 5 and the plane containing the second surface 52 is in the range of 15° to 50°, for example 15°, 20°, 30°, 40° or 50°.

[0104] refer to Figure 8 In some embodiments, the distance between the end of the fourth part 612 closest to the third part 611 and the laminate 5 is smaller than the distance between the end of the fourth part 612 furthest from the third part 611 and the laminate 5. A larger distance between the end of the fourth part 612 furthest from the third part 611 and the laminate 5 facilitates the smooth passage of the insulating film 7 and the laminate 5 through the opening of the receiving groove into the receiving groove when they are placed into the receiving groove.

[0105] refer to Figure 9In some embodiments, the limiting portion 61 further includes a second spacer portion 613, which is located between the third portion 611 and the fourth portion 612. The second spacer portion 613 does not have an insulating film 7 between it and the laminate 5, and the surface of the second spacer portion 613 facing the laminate 5 is flush with the third portion 611. The presence of the second spacer portion 613 is to prevent the insulating film 7 from becoming excessively long along the first direction X due to manufacturing errors or other reasons, thus extending between the fourth portion 612 and the laminate 5 and affecting the adhesion between the fourth portion 612 and the laminate 5.

[0106] In some embodiments, the length of the second spacer 613 along the first direction X is 0.1 mm to 1 mm, for example, 0.1 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.8 mm, 0.9 mm, or 1 mm. A larger distance between the second spacer 613 and the laminate 5 results in a larger thickness of the sealant 8 between them, which is detrimental to the adhesion of the sealant 8 to the limiting portion 61 and the laminate 5. The length of the second spacer 613 is within the aforementioned range; a shorter length avoids affecting the adhesion performance between the limiting portion 61 and the laminate 5 due to a longer length.

[0107] Those skilled in the art will understand that the above embodiments are specific examples of implementing this application, and in practical applications, various changes in form and detail can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Any person skilled in the art can make various alterations and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of this application; therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope defined in the claims.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that, include: A laminate having opposing first and second surfaces, and a third surface connecting the first and second surfaces; The frame includes opposing limiting portions and supporting portions, and a connecting portion connecting the limiting portions and the supporting portions. The supporting portion is used to support the laminate. The limiting portion, the connecting portion, and the supporting portion form a receiving groove, and a portion of the laminate is located in the receiving groove. An insulating film is located within the receiving groove and on the first surface, the second surface, and the third surface. The supporting portion includes a first portion and a second portion. The first portion has the insulating film between it and the laminate. The second portion protrudes toward the limiting portion relative to the first portion on the side facing the laminate. A sealant located within the receiving groove, between the frame and the insulating film, and between the frame and the laminate.

2. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second part includes: The first smooth section is equidistant from the laminate in the direction from the first section to the second section.

3. The photovoltaic module according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second part also includes: The first variable portion is located on the side of the first smooth portion near the connecting portion, and the distance between the end of the first variable portion near the first portion and the laminate is greater than the distance between the end of the first variable portion near the first smooth portion and the laminate.

4. The photovoltaic module according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second part also includes: The second variation portion is located on the side of the first smooth portion away from the connecting portion. The distance between the end of the second variation portion near the first smooth portion and the laminate is less than the distance between the end of the second variation portion away from the first smooth portion and the laminate.

5. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance between the end of the second part closer to the first part and the laminate is less than the distance between the end of the second part farther from the first part and the laminate.

6. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The limiting portion includes a third portion and a fourth portion. The third portion has the insulating film between it and the laminate. The fourth portion protrudes toward the bearing portion relative to the third portion on the side facing the laminate.

7. The photovoltaic module according to claim 6, characterized in that, The fourth part includes: The second smooth section is located in the direction from the third section to the fourth section, and the second smooth section is at the same distance from the laminate.

8. The photovoltaic module according to claim 7, characterized in that, The fourth part also includes: The third variation section is located on the side of the second smooth section near the connecting section. The distance between the end of the third variation section near the third section and the laminate is greater than the distance between the end of the third variation section near the second smooth section and the laminate.

9. The photovoltaic module according to claim 7, characterized in that, The fourth part also includes: The fourth variation section is located on the side of the second smooth section away from the connecting section. The distance between the end of the fourth variation section near the second smooth section and the laminate is less than the distance between the end of the fourth variation section away from the second smooth section and the laminate.

10. The photovoltaic module according to claim 6, characterized in that, The distance between the end of the fourth part closest to the third part and the laminate is less than the distance between the end of the fourth part furthest from the third part and the laminate.

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