Battery device and electric device

Abstract

The application provides a battery device and an electric device. The battery device comprises a battery cell and a box body. The battery cell is arranged in the box body. The box body comprises a wall part. The wall part comprises an outer layer structure, an intermediate layer structure and an inner layer structure which are sequentially stacked along the thickness direction of the wall part. The intermediate layer structure is configured as a shear thickening structure. The inner layer structure is closer to the battery cell than the outer layer structure. The wall part further comprises a reinforcing structure which is connected to the surface of the outer layer structure facing the inner layer structure. Since the intermediate layer structure is configured as a shear thickening structure, when the intermediate layer structure is impacted, the rigidity of the intermediate layer structure will significantly increase with the increase of the impact rate. Therefore, the wall part of the box body can well resist external impact, the possibility of damage of the battery cell in the box body due to impact is reduced, the impact resistance of the battery device is improved, and the reliability of the battery device is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery device and an electrical device. Background Technology

[0002] Battery devices have advantages such as high specific energy and high power density, and are widely used in electronic devices and transportation vehicles, such as mobile phones, laptops, electric vehicles, electric cars, electric airplanes, electric ships and power tools.

[0003] As the application scope of battery devices continues to expand, the requirements for their reliability are also increasing. How to improve the reliability of battery devices is receiving increasing attention from those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, this application provides a battery device and an electrical device, which have good impact resistance and good reliability.

[0005] Firstly, some embodiments of this application provide a battery device including a battery assembly and a housing. A single battery cell is disposed within the housing. The housing includes a wall portion comprising an outer layer structure, a middle layer structure, and an inner layer structure stacked sequentially along its thickness direction. The middle layer structure is configured as a shear-thickening structure, and the inner layer structure is closer to the battery cell than the outer layer structure. The wall portion also includes a reinforcing structure connected to the surface of the outer layer structure facing the inner layer structure. In the above structure, the wall portion includes the outer layer structure, the middle layer structure, and the inner layer structure stacked sequentially along its thickness direction. The inner layer structure is closer to the battery cell than the outer layer structure. Because the middle layer structure is configured as a shear-thickening structure, its stiffness increases significantly with the impact rate when impacted. This allows the housing wall to effectively resist external impacts, reducing the possibility of damage to the battery cell within the housing due to impact, improving the impact resistance of the battery device, and thus enhancing its reliability. By connecting a reinforcing structure to the surface of the outer layer facing the inner layer, the reinforcing structure can improve the ability of the outer part of the wall to withstand external impacts, reducing the possibility of excessive deformation of the wall due to external impacts that could squeeze the battery cells.

[0006] According to some embodiments of the present application, the battery device provided has an intermediate layer structure configured as a shear-thickening foam structure. The intermediate layer structure bonds the outer layer structure and the inner layer structure, such that the intermediate layer structure fills the gap between the outer layer structure and the inner layer structure and bonds the outer layer structure and the inner layer structure together, so that the intermediate layer structure, the outer layer structure and the inner layer structure can form an integral structure.

[0007] According to some embodiments of the present application, the bonding strength between the intermediate layer structure and the outer layer structure is set to A, where A ≥ 3 MPa, and the bonding strength between the intermediate layer structure and the inner layer structure is set to B, where B ≥ 3 MPa. This allows the intermediate layer structure to bond the outer layer structure and the inner layer structure more firmly, which is beneficial to improving the overall structural strength of the wall.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the battery device provided in this application, the intermediate layer structure includes a first region and a second region stacked along the thickness direction of the wall. The first region is closer to the inner layer structure than the second region, and the density of the first region is greater than that of the second region. The tear resistance of the first region is stronger than that of the second region, and the compression rebound rate of the first region is lower than that of the second region. By setting the density of the first region to be greater than that of the second region, the structural strength and tear resistance of the first region are greater than those of the second region. Setting the density of the first region to be greater than that of the second region also results in fewer pores inside the structure of the first region, making the structure more compact and less susceptible to compression. This helps to reduce the possibility of the first region being deformed by impact and squeezing the battery cells.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present application, the battery device provided in the first region and the second region are integrally formed, which enables the simultaneous formation of intermediate layer structures with different distributions of parameters such as density, tear resistance, and compression resilience. This not only makes the processing and manufacturing of the intermediate layer structure convenient, but also gives the overall structure of the intermediate layer structure good strength.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the battery device provided in this application, a first region is provided with reinforcing fibers, and a second region is provided with hollow glass microspheres. By incorporating reinforcing fibers into the first region, the structural strength of the first region can be enhanced, and the tear resistance of the first region can be improved. By incorporating hollow glass microspheres into the second region, the compression resilience of the second region can be increased, which is beneficial to improving the energy absorption efficiency of the second region.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the battery device provided in this application, the reinforcing structure protrudes from the surface of the inner layer structure to form a protruding structure. The protruding structure abuts against the inner layer structure, so that the reinforcing structure can connect the inner layer structure and the outer layer structure, realizing the transmission of force between the inner layer structure and the outer layer structure. When the outer layer structure is subjected to external impact, the reinforcing structure can not only improve the ability of the outer part of the wall to withstand external impact, but also transmit the external impact received by the outer layer structure to the inner structure, realizing the dispersion of impact and helping to reduce the deformation of the wall.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present application, the battery device is recessed inward on the surface of the reinforcing structure toward the outer structure to form a recess, and the outer structure covers the recess to form a buffer cavity. The buffer cavity can provide space for the deformation of the reinforcing structure and the outer structure, so that when the wall is impacted, the outer structure can absorb the impact energy through deformation, which is beneficial to reduce the compression of the battery cell by the wall.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the battery device provided in this application, multiple buffer cavities are provided, and the multiple buffer cavities are spaced apart. By providing multiple buffer cavities spaced apart, not only can multiple spaces be provided for the deformation of the reinforcing structure and the outer layer structure, but the connection area between the reinforcing structure wall and the outer layer structure between adjacent buffer cavities can also be increased, thereby increasing the ability of the reinforcing structure to improve the impact resistance of the wall.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the battery device provided in this application, the buffer cavity is filled with a buffer structure, and the compression rebound rate of the buffer structure is set to C, where C≥80%. By filling the buffer cavity with the buffer structure, the impact energy received by the outer structure can be absorbed through deformation, which helps to reduce the transmission of impact energy to the interior of the wall.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the battery device provided in this application, the buffer structure is configured as a shear-thickening foam structure. By configuring the buffer structure as a shear-thickening foam structure, not only can the buffer structure be firmly bonded to the reinforcing structure and the outer layer structure after being filled in the buffer cavity, so that the structure formed by the buffer structure, reinforcing structure and outer layer structure has good integrity; it also makes the stiffness of the buffer structure significantly increase with the increase of the impact rate, so that the buffer structure can effectively resist external impacts and reduce the possibility of external impacts being further transmitted to the battery cells inside the housing.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present application, the battery device has a groove formed by inward recessing on the surface of the inner layer structure facing the battery cell. A pressure relief mechanism is provided on the side of the battery cell facing the inner layer structure. The pressure relief mechanism is arranged opposite to the groove along the thickness direction of the wall. This not only allows the groove to provide space for the actuation of the pressure relief mechanism and reduces the possibility of the wall affecting the actuation of the pressure relief mechanism, but also allows the groove to guide the flow of the discharged material and improve the efficiency of the discharge of the discharged material.

[0017] According to some embodiments of the present application, the battery device has an electrode terminal on the side of the battery cell facing the inner structure. Along the thickness direction of the wall, the electrode terminal is misaligned with the groove, so that the leakage material flowing in the groove is less likely to come into contact with the electrode terminal, thereby reducing the possibility of the leakage material causing a short circuit in the battery cell and improving the reliability of the battery device.

[0018] According to some embodiments of the battery device provided in this application, the wall portion further includes a reinforcing structure. The reinforcing structure is connected to the surface of the outer layer structure facing the inner layer structure. At least a portion of the orthographic projection of the reinforcing structure falls within the orthographic projection range of the groove on a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the wall portion. Since the wall portion corresponding to the groove has a smaller thickness and lower structural strength, by ensuring that at least a portion of the orthographic projection of the reinforcing structure on the plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the wall portion falls within the orthographic projection range of the groove on the same plane, the reinforcing structure can improve the structural strength at that location, thus improving the structural strength of areas with lower structural strength.

[0019] According to some embodiments of the battery device provided in this application, an impact-resistant structure is protruding from the surface of the outer layer structure opposite to the inner layer structure, and the surface of the impact-resistant structure is set as an arc-shaped surface. By setting the outer surface of the impact-resistant structure as an arc-shaped surface, when an external impact acts on the outer surface of the impact-resistant structure, the impact-resistant structure can disperse the impact force, which helps to reduce the possibility of impact damage to the outer layer structure.

[0020] According to some embodiments of the battery device provided in this application, an impact-resistant coating is provided on the surface of the outer layer structure facing away from the inner layer structure. By providing an impact-resistant coating on the surface of the outer layer structure facing away from the inner layer structure, external impacts can act on the impact-resistant coating first, which is beneficial to improving the wall's resistance to stone impacts and other impacts.

[0021] According to some embodiments of the battery device provided in this application, an insulating coating is provided on the surface of the inner layer structure facing away from the outer layer structure. By providing an insulating coating on the surface of the inner layer structure facing away from the outer layer structure, the insulating coating can reduce the possibility of electrical connection between the battery cells and the inner layer structure, which is beneficial to improving the reliability of the battery device.

[0022] According to some embodiments of the present application, the tensile strength of the outer layer structure is set to L1, where L1≥550MPa, so that the outer layer structure has good tensile strength and the outer layer structure of the wall is not easy to break, which helps to reduce the damage to the wall caused by external impact; the yield strength of the inner layer structure is set to Q1, where Q1≥200MPa, so that the inner layer structure is not easy to deform, which reduces the possibility of the inner layer structure deforming and squeezing the battery cell.

[0023] Secondly, some embodiments of this application provide an electrical device that includes a battery device provided by any of the above-described technical solutions, the battery device being used to provide electrical energy.

[0024] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this disclosure have at least the following beneficial effects:

[0025] Some embodiments of this application provide a battery device including a battery cell and a housing. The battery cell is disposed within the housing. The housing includes a wall portion comprising an outer layer structure, a middle layer structure, and an inner layer structure stacked sequentially along its thickness direction. The middle layer structure is configured as a shear-thickening structure, and the inner layer structure is closer to the battery cell than the outer layer structure. The wall portion also includes a reinforcing structure connected to the surface of the outer layer structure facing the inner layer structure. In the above structure, the wall portion includes an outer layer structure, a middle layer structure, and an inner layer structure stacked sequentially along its thickness direction. The inner layer structure is closer to the battery cell than the outer layer structure. Because the middle layer structure is configured as a shear-thickening structure, its stiffness increases significantly with the impact rate when subjected to impact. This allows the housing wall to effectively resist external impacts, reducing the possibility of damage to the battery cell within the housing due to impact, improving the impact resistance of the battery device, and thus enhancing its reliability. By connecting a reinforcing structure to the surface of the outer layer facing the inner layer, the reinforcing structure can improve the ability of the outer part of the wall to withstand external impacts, reducing the possibility of excessive deformation of the wall due to external impacts that could squeeze the battery cells. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the following detailed description of preferred embodiments. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:

[0027] Figure 1 These are schematic diagrams of the vehicle structure provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the disassembled structure of a battery device provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a top view of a battery device provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0030] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Sectional view at point DD;

[0031] Figure 5 As described in the first embodiment of this application Figure 4 A magnified view of point F;

[0032] Figure 6 As described in the second embodiment of this application Figure 4 A magnified view of point F;

[0033] Figure 7 This is the third embodiment of the present application. Figure 4 A magnified view of point F;

[0034] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the reinforcing structure in some embodiments of this application;

[0035] Figure 9 This is the fourth embodiment of the present application. Figure 4 A magnified view of point F;

[0036] Figure 10 This is the fifth embodiment of the present application. Figure 4 A magnified view of point F;

[0037] Figure 11 This is a top view of the wall portion of the battery device provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0038] Figure 12 for Figure 11 Sectional view at EE.

[0039] In the diagram: 1. Vehicle; 2. Battery unit; 3. Controller; 4. Motor; 5. Housing; 5a. First housing section; 5b. Second housing section; 5c. Accommodation space; 7. Battery cell; 71. Pressure relief mechanism; 81. Wall section; 811. Outer layer structure; 8111. Impact structure; 8112. Impact-resistant coating; 812. Intermediate layer structure; 813. Inner layer structure; 8131. Groove; 8121. First zone; 8122. Second zone; 82. Reinforcing structure; 821. Protruding structure; 822. Recess; 823. Buffer cavity; 8231. Buffer structure. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The embodiments of the technical solution of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application and are therefore merely examples, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0041] It should be noted that, unless otherwise stated, the technical or scientific terms used in the embodiments of this application should have the ordinary meaning understood by those skilled in the art to which the embodiments of this application pertain.

[0042] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the technical terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this application.

[0043] Furthermore, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined.

[0044] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the technical terms such as "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0045] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0046] Currently, judging from market trends, the application of battery devices is becoming increasingly widespread. Battery devices are not only used in energy storage power systems such as hydropower, thermal power, wind power, and solar power plants, but also widely used in individual battery cells such as energy storage containers or energy storage cabinets. As the application fields of battery devices continue to expand, the requirements for the reliability of battery devices are also constantly increasing.

[0047] The battery apparatus mentioned in the embodiments of this application may include one or more battery cell assemblies for providing voltage and capacity. A battery cell assembly may include multiple battery cells connected in series, parallel, or mixed connections via a busbar.

[0048] In some embodiments, a battery cell assembly is typically formed by arranging multiple battery cells.

[0049] A battery cell can be a rechargeable battery cell, which refers to a battery cell that can be recharged after being discharged to activate the active materials and continue to be used.

[0050] Battery cells can be lithium-ion cells, sodium-ion cells, sodium-lithium-ion cells, lithium metal cells, sodium metal cells, lithium-sulfur cells, magnesium-ion cells, nickel-metal hydride cells, nickel-cadmium cells, lead-acid cells, etc.

[0051] As an example, a battery cell assembly can be a battery module, which is formed by arranging and fixing multiple battery cells together to form an independent module. As another example, a battery module can be formed by bundling multiple battery cells together with cable ties.

[0052] In some embodiments, the battery device may include one or more battery packs, which may include one or more individual battery cells. As an example, a battery pack includes a housing and one or more individual battery cells, which are housed within the housing, for example, by a fixed arrangement. As yet another example, the battery device may include multiple battery packs, which may be connected in series, parallel, or in a mixed configuration.

[0053] As an example, the enclosure may include a first enclosure and a second enclosure. The first enclosure and the second enclosure are fastened together to form a closed space inside the enclosure to house the individual battery cells. Here, "closed" refers to covering or closing, and can be either sealed or unsealed. The first enclosure may be a top cover or a bottom plate.

[0054] As an example, the enclosure may include a top cover, a frame, and a bottom plate. The top cover and bottom plate are connected to the frame, creating an enclosed space inside the enclosure to house the individual battery cells.

[0055] In some embodiments, the housing may be part of the vehicle's chassis structure. For example, a portion of the housing may be at least a part of the vehicle's floor, or a portion of the housing may be at least a part of the vehicle's crossbeams and longitudinal beams.

[0056] In some embodiments, the battery device may be an energy storage device. Energy storage devices include energy storage containers, energy storage cabinets, etc.

[0057] As the application scope of battery devices continues to expand in various fields, people are paying more and more attention to the reliability of battery devices. How to improve the reliability of battery devices has become an important research direction for those skilled in the art.

[0058] As devices that provide electrical energy in electrical appliances, batteries are characterized by high specific energy and high power density. This makes them susceptible to thermal runaway and even explosion when subjected to impact or damage. In some cases, the walls of the battery casing can be designed to absorb external impacts. While this can reduce the possibility of damage to individual battery cells to some extent, the buffering capacity of the walls is limited. Under significant impacts, the internal battery cells are still easily damaged, which is detrimental to improving the reliability of the battery device.

[0059] To enhance the impact resistance and reliability of battery devices, some embodiments of this application provide a battery device comprising a battery cell and a housing. The battery cell is disposed within the housing, which includes a wall. The wall comprises an outer layer, a middle layer, and an inner layer, stacked sequentially along its thickness direction. The middle layer is configured as a shear-thickening structure, and the inner layer is closer to the battery cell than the outer layer. In this structure, the wall comprises the outer, middle, and inner layers stacked sequentially along its thickness direction, with the inner layer closer to the battery cell than the outer layer. Because the middle layer is configured as a shear-thickening structure, its stiffness increases significantly with the impact rate when impacted. This allows the housing wall to effectively resist external impacts, reducing the possibility of damage to the battery cell within the housing due to impact, thus improving the impact resistance and reliability of the battery device.

[0060] The battery device described in the embodiments of this application is applicable to electrical devices that use battery devices.

[0061] Electrical devices can include vehicles, mobile phones, portable devices, laptops, ships, spacecraft, electric toys, and power tools, among others. Vehicles can be gasoline-powered cars, natural gas-powered cars, or new energy vehicles; new energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, or range-extended electric vehicles, etc. Spacecraft include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, and spacecraft, etc. Electric toys include stationary or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys, and electric airplane toys, etc. Power tools include metal cutting power tools, grinding power tools, assembly power tools, and railway power tools, such as electric drills, electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, impact drills, concrete vibrators, and electric planers, etc.

[0062] For ease of explanation, the following embodiments will be described using a vehicle as an example of an electrical device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0063] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a vehicle provided for some embodiments of this application.

[0064] like Figure 1 As shown, a battery device 2 is installed inside the vehicle 1. The battery device 2 can be located at the bottom, front, or rear of the vehicle 1. The battery device 2 can be used to power the vehicle 1; for example, the battery device 2 can serve as the operating power source for the vehicle 1.

[0065] The vehicle 1 may also include a controller 3 and a motor 4. The controller 3 is used to control the battery device 2 to supply power to the motor 4, for example, for the power needs of the vehicle 1 during starting, navigation and driving.

[0066] In some embodiments of this application, the battery device 2 can not only serve as the operating power source for the vehicle 1, but also as the driving power source for the vehicle 1, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1.

[0067] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the disassembled structure of a battery device provided in some embodiments of this application. For example... Figure 2 As shown, the battery device 2 includes a housing 5 and battery cells 7, with the battery cells 7 housed within the housing 5. The battery cell 7 can be the smallest unit that makes up a battery.

[0068] The housing 5 is used to house the battery cell 7, and the housing 5 can have various structures. In some embodiments, the housing 5 may include a first housing portion 5a and a second housing portion 5b, which overlap each other, and together define a housing space 5c for housing the battery cell 7. The second housing portion 5b may be a hollow structure with one end open, and the first housing portion 5a may be a plate-like structure, with the first housing portion 5a covering the open side of the second housing portion 5b to form a housing 5 with the housing space 5c; alternatively, both the first housing portion 5a and the second housing portion 5b may be hollow structures with one side open, with the open side of the first housing portion 5a covering the open side of the second housing portion 5b to form a housing 5 with the housing space 5c. Of course, the first housing portion 5a and the second housing portion 5b can be various shapes, such as cylinders, cuboids, etc.

[0069] To improve the sealing performance after the first housing part 5a and the second housing part 5b are connected, a sealing element, such as sealant or sealing ring, can also be provided between the first housing part 5a and the second housing part 5b.

[0070] Assuming that the first box section 5a covers the top of the second box section 5b, the first box section 5a can also be called the upper box cover, and the second box section 5b can also be called the lower box.

[0071] In the battery device 2, there can be one or more battery cells 7. If there are multiple battery cells 7, they can be connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed manner. A mixed connection means that multiple battery cells 7 are connected in both series and parallel. Multiple battery cells 7 can be directly connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed manner, and then the whole assembly of multiple battery cells 7 is housed in the housing 5. Alternatively, multiple battery cells 7 can first be connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed manner to form a battery module, and then multiple battery modules can be connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed manner to form a whole assembly, which is then housed in the housing 5.

[0072] Some embodiments of this application provide a battery device, see reference. Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 The battery device 2 includes a battery cell 7 and a housing 5. The battery cell 7 is disposed in the housing 5. The housing 5 includes a wall portion 81. The wall portion 81 includes an outer layer structure 811, a middle layer structure 812 and an inner layer structure 813 stacked sequentially along its own thickness direction. The middle layer structure 812 is configured as a shear thickening structure. The inner layer structure 813 is closer to the battery cell 7 than the outer layer structure 811.

[0073] Battery cell 7 can be a rechargeable battery cell, which refers to a battery cell that can be recharged after discharge to activate the active materials and continue to be used. Battery cell 7 can be a lithium-ion battery cell, sodium-ion battery cell, sodium-lithium-ion battery cell, lithium metal battery cell, sodium metal battery cell, lithium-sulfur battery cell, magnesium-ion battery cell, nickel-metal hydride battery cell, nickel-cadmium battery cell, lead-acid battery cell, etc.

[0074] For example, the battery cell 7 can be a cylindrical battery cell, a prismatic battery cell, a pouch battery cell, or a battery cell of other shapes. Prismatic battery cells include prismatic battery cells, blade-shaped battery cells, and multi-prismatic battery cells, such as hexagonal prismatic battery cells.

[0075] When the battery device 2 includes multiple battery cells 7, the multiple battery cells 7 can be arranged and fixed to form a battery module.

[0076] The housing 5 can be a component that provides a receiving space 5c, which is used to accommodate components such as battery cells 7, wiring harnesses, and circuit boards located inside the battery device 2. The housing 5 can be the first housing part 5a in the aforementioned scheme, or the second housing part 5b in the aforementioned scheme.

[0077] The wall portion 81 can be at least a portion of the wall structure in the housing 5. The outer layer structure 811, the intermediate layer structure 812, and the inner layer structure 813 can be different structural layers in the wall portion 81, and the three are stacked along the thickness direction of the wall portion 81, interconnected to form the overall structure of the wall portion 81. Among them, the intermediate layer structure 812 is located between the outer layer structure 811 and the inner layer structure 813, and the inner layer structure 813 is closer to the battery cell 7 than the outer layer structure 811, making the inner layer structure 813 the inner structure in the wall portion 81.

[0078] Shear-thickening structures refer to structures made of shear-thickening materials. Since shear-thickening materials are non-Newtonian fluids or composite systems, their viscosity or stiffness increases significantly with the shear rate, and their resistance to deformation is also significantly enhanced.

[0079] By configuring the intermediate layer structure 812 as a shear thickening structure, when the intermediate layer structure 812 is subjected to shear forces such as impact, the stiffness of the intermediate layer structure 812 will increase significantly with the increase of the impact rate, so that the intermediate layer structure 812 can resist external impacts well and reduce the possibility of external impacts being transmitted to the battery cells 7 inside the housing 5.

[0080] In the above structure, the wall portion 81 includes an outer layer structure 811, a middle layer structure 812, and an inner layer structure 813 stacked along its own thickness direction. The inner layer structure 813 is closer to the battery cell 7 than the outer layer structure 811. Since the middle layer structure 812 is configured as a shear thickening structure, when the middle layer structure 812 is impacted, the stiffness of the middle layer structure 812 will increase significantly with the increase of the impact rate. This allows the wall portion 81 of the housing 5 to resist external impacts well, reducing the possibility of external impacts being transmitted to the battery cells 7 inside the housing 5, reducing the possibility of the battery cells 7 in the housing 5 being damaged by impacts, improving the impact resistance of the battery device 2, and helping to improve the reliability of the battery device 2.

[0081] In some embodiments, the intermediate layer structure 812 is configured as a shear-thickening foam structure, wherein the intermediate layer structure 812 bonds the outer layer structure 811 and the inner layer structure 813.

[0082] A shear-thickening foam structure can be formed by adding a shear-thickening liquid as a foaming agent during the preparation of polyurethane foam, followed by a foaming process. This gives the shear-thickening foam structure good adhesion and elasticity. By configuring the intermediate layer structure 812 as a shear-thickening foam structure and using the intermediate layer structure 812 to bond the outer layer structure 811 and the inner layer structure 813, the intermediate layer structure 812 with good adhesion and elasticity can be formed between the outer layer structure 811 and the inner layer structure 813 through a foaming process. This allows the intermediate layer structure 812 to fill the gaps between the outer layer structure 811 and the inner layer structure 813, bonding them together and enabling the intermediate layer structure 812, outer structure 811, and inner layer structure 813 to form an integral structure.

[0083] For example, the density of the intermediate layer structure 812 can be set to 0.5 g / cm³, and the thickness H of the intermediate layer structure 812 can be set to a range of 2 mm ≤ H ≤ 10 mm, so that the intermediate layer structure 812 can achieve good impact resistance.

[0084] In some embodiments, 20% by mass of silica nanoparticles are added to the shear thickening liquid, which serves as a foaming agent, to improve the shear thickening effect of the intermediate layer structure 812.

[0085] For example, after the foaming process is completed, the intermediate layer structure 812 formed by foaming needs to be vacuum defoamed in order to improve the performance stability and appearance quality of the intermediate layer structure 812.

[0086] For example, the shear thickening fluid can be a nano-SiO2-water suspension, a silane-modified SiO2-silicone oil suspension, or a nano-SiO2-polyethylene glycol suspension. Those skilled in the art can select the specific type of shear thickening fluid according to the actual situation.

[0087] In some embodiments, the bonding strength between the intermediate layer structure 812 and the outer layer structure 811 is set to A, where A ≥ 3 MPa, and the bonding strength between the intermediate layer structure 812 and the inner layer structure 813 is set to B, where B ≥ 3 MPa.

[0088] By setting the bonding strength A between the intermediate layer structure 812 and the outer layer structure 811 to the range of A≥3MPa, and setting the bonding strength B between the intermediate layer structure 812 and the inner layer structure 813 to the range of B≥3MPa, the intermediate layer structure 812 can bond the outer layer structure 811 and the inner layer structure 813 more firmly, which is beneficial to improving the overall structural strength of the wall portion 81.

[0089] The bonding strength A between the intermediate layer structure 812 and the outer layer structure 811 can be set to A ≥ 5 MPa, and the bonding strength B between the intermediate layer structure 812 and the inner layer structure 813 can be set to B ≥ 5 MPa. For example, the bonding strength A between the intermediate layer structure 812 and the outer layer structure 811 can be set to 5 MPa, 8 MPa, or 10 MPa, and the bonding strength B between the intermediate layer structure 812 and the inner layer structure 813 can be set to 5 MPa, 8 MPa, or 10 MPa. The intermediate layer structure 812 can firmly bond the outer layer structure 811 and the inner layer structure 813, resulting in a strong overall structure of the wall portion 81.

[0090] The bonding strength between the intermediate layer structure 812 and the outer layer structure 811, as well as the bonding strength between the intermediate layer structure 812 and the inner layer structure 813, can be determined according to the national standard GB / T39487—2020. The specific testing method can be referred to the national standard GB / T39487—2020, and will not be elaborated here.

[0091] In some embodiments, before foaming to form the intermediate layer structure 812, the surface of the outer layer structure 811 facing the inner layer structure 813 and the surface of the inner layer structure 813 facing the outer layer structure 811 are subjected to plasma treatment, which is beneficial to improving the bonding strength between the intermediate layer structure 812 and the outer layer structure 811 and the inner layer structure 813.

[0092] In some embodiments, reference Figure 6The intermediate layer structure 812 includes a first region 8121 and a second region 8122 stacked along the thickness direction of the wall portion 81. The first region 8121 is closer to the inner layer structure 813 than the second region 8122. The density of the first region 8121 is greater than that of the second region 8122. The tear resistance of the first region 8121 is stronger than that of the second region 8122. The compression resilience of the first region 8121 is less than that of the second region 8122.

[0093] The first region 8121 and the second region 8122 can be two interconnected parts of the intermediate layer structure 812, which are stacked sequentially along the thickness direction of the wall. The first region 8121 is closer to the inner layer structure 813 than the second region 8122. This can mean that the first region 8121 and the second region 8122 are stacked sequentially along the direction from the inner layer structure 813 to the outer layer structure 811. The first region 8121 is connected to the surface of the inner layer structure 813 facing the outer layer structure 811, and the second region 8122 is connected to the surface of the outer layer structure 811 facing the inner layer structure 813.

[0094] By setting the density of the first region 8121 to be greater than that of the second region 8122, the structural strength and tear resistance of the first region 8121 are greater than those of the second region 8122. Setting the density of the first region 8121 to be greater than that of the second region 8122 also results in fewer internal pores in the first region 8121, making its structure more compact and less susceptible to compression. This helps reduce the possibility of the first region 8121 being deformed by impact and squeezing the battery cell 7.

[0095] By setting the tear resistance of the first zone 8121 to be stronger than that of the second zone 8122, the impact from outside the housing 5 will tear the second zone 8122 and then impact the first zone 8121, which has stronger tear resistance. This makes the first zone 8121 less likely to be torn and damaged, and reduces the possibility of the impact from outside the housing 5 tearing and damaging the intermediate layer structure 812.

[0096] The tear resistance of Zone 1 8121 and Zone 2 8122 can be determined according to the national standard GB / T16578.1-2008. The specific test method can be referred to the national standard GB / T16578.1-2008, and will not be elaborated here.

[0097] By setting the compression rebound rate of the first zone 8121 to be less than that of the second zone 8122, the impact from outside the housing 5 first contacts the second zone 8122, which has a higher compression rebound rate. This allows the external impact to be buffered more quickly by the second zone 8122, and the energy of the external impact to be efficiently absorbed by the intermediate layer structure 812.

[0098] The compression rebound rate of Zone 1 (8121) and the compression rebound rate of Zone 2 (8122) can be obtained by measuring according to the national standard GB / T8813-2020. The specific measurement method can be referred to the national standard GB / T8813-2020, and will not be elaborated here.

[0099] For example, the density of the first zone 8121 can be set to be greater than or equal to 0.12 g / cm³, and the density of the second zone 8122 can be set to be in the range of 0.06 g / cm³-0.08 g / cm³, so that the tear resistance of the first zone 8121 can be improved by at least 50% compared with the tear resistance of the second zone 8122, and the compression resilience of the second zone 8122 can reach at least 90%, so that the energy absorption efficiency of the second zone 8122 can be improved by at least 30% compared with the energy absorption efficiency of the first zone 8121.

[0100] In some embodiments, the first region 8121 and the second region 8122 are integrally formed structures.

[0101] The first zone 8121 and the second zone 8122 are integrally molded structures, meaning that the first zone 8121 and the second zone 8122 are manufactured simultaneously using an integral molding process. The first zone 8121 and the second zone 8122 can be formed using a gradient polyurethane foam integral foaming process, which allows for the simultaneous formation of intermediate layer structures 812 with different distributions of parameters such as density, tear resistance, and compression resilience. This not only facilitates the processing and manufacturing of the intermediate layer structures 812, but also gives the overall structure of the intermediate layer structures 812 good strength.

[0102] In some embodiments, the first region 8121 is provided with reinforcing fibers, and the second region 8122 is provided with hollow glass microspheres.

[0103] The reinforcing fiber can be a continuous fiber structure capable of enhancing the structural strength of the intermediate layer structure 812. By incorporating reinforcing fibers into the first region 8121, the structural strength of the first region 8121 can be enhanced, and its tear resistance can be improved. For example, carbon fiber or ceramic fiber can be provided in the first region 8121.

[0104] For example, 15% by mass of carbon fiber can be incorporated into the first zone 8121. By incorporating 15% by mass of carbon fiber into the first zone 8121, the density of the first zone 8121 can reach 0.8 g / cm³.

[0105] By incorporating hollow glass microspheres into the second region 8122, the compression resilience of the second region 8122 can be increased, which is beneficial to improving the energy absorption efficiency of the second region 8122. For example, the second region 8122 can contain 5% hollow glass microspheres by mass. By incorporating 5% hollow glass microspheres by mass into the second region 8122, the density of the second region 8122 can reach 0.4 g / cm³.

[0106] In some embodiments, reference Figure 7 The wall portion 81 also includes a reinforcing structure 82, which is connected to the surface of the outer layer structure 811 facing the inner layer structure 813.

[0107] The reinforcing structure 82 can be a structure used to improve the impact resistance of the wall portion 81. By attaching the reinforcing structure 82 to the surface of the outer layer structure 811 facing the inner layer structure 813, the reinforcing structure 82 can improve the ability of the outer part of the wall portion 81 to withstand external impacts, reducing the possibility that the wall portion 81 may deform excessively due to external impacts and squeeze the battery cell 7.

[0108] In some embodiments, reference Figure 8 and Figure 9 The surface of the reinforcing structure 82 protrudes towards the inner layer structure 813 to form a protruding structure 821, which abuts against the inner layer structure 813.

[0109] The reinforcing structure 82 protrudes from the surface of the inner layer structure 813 to form a protruding structure 821. This can mean that a portion of the surface of the reinforcing structure 82 protrudes from the inner layer structure 813 to form the protruding structure 821. The protruding structure 821 abuts against the inner layer structure 813. This means that the protruding structure 821 of the reinforcing structure 82 abuts against the inner layer structure 813, allowing the reinforcing structure 82 to connect the inner layer structure 813 and the outer layer structure 811, realizing the transmission of force between the inner layer structure 813 and the outer layer structure 811. When the outer layer structure 811 is subjected to external impact, the reinforcing structure 82 can not only improve the ability of the outer part of the wall 81 to withstand external impact, but also transmit the external impact received by the outer layer structure 811 to the internal structure, realizing the dispersion of impact and helping to reduce the deformation of the wall 81.

[0110] In some embodiments, the reinforcing structure 82 is recessed inward toward the surface of the outer structure 811 to form a recess 822, and the outer structure 811 covers the recess 822 to form a buffer cavity 823.

[0111] By recessing the surface of the reinforcing structure 82 toward the outer layer structure 811 to form a recess 822, a cavity structure can be formed on the side of the reinforcing structure 82 toward the outer layer structure 811. The outer layer structure 811 covers the recess 822 to form a buffer cavity 823. This can mean that the outer layer structure 811 is connected to the reinforcing structure 82 and covers the opening of the recess 822, so that the recess 822 can form a buffer cavity 823. The buffer cavity 823 can provide space for the deformation of the reinforcing structure 82 and the outer layer structure 811, so that when the wall 81 is impacted, the outer layer structure 811 can absorb the impact energy through deformation, which helps to reduce the compression of the battery cell 7 by the wall 81.

[0112] In some embodiments, the recess 822 and the protrusion 821 are disposed opposite to each other along the thickness direction of the wall portion 81. Exemplarily, the recess 822 and the protrusion 821 can be formed by stamping the plate-shaped reinforcing structure 82, so that the recess 822 and the protrusion 821 can be formed simultaneously, which is beneficial to improving the processing convenience of the reinforcing structure 82.

[0113] In some embodiments, multiple buffer cavities 823 are provided, and the multiple buffer cavities 823 are spaced apart.

[0114] The multiple buffer cavities 823 are spaced apart, which means that the reinforcing structure 82 has multiple spaced recesses 822, and the outer structure 811 is connected to the reinforcing structure 82 and covers the openings of the multiple recesses 822, so that the multiple recesses 822 form multiple buffer cavities 823. By setting multiple buffer cavities 823 at intervals, not only can multiple spaces be provided for the deformation of the reinforcing structure 82 and the outer structure 811, but the connection area between the walls of the reinforcing structure 82 and the outer structure 811 between adjacent buffer cavities 823 can be increased, thereby increasing the ability of the reinforcing structure 82 to improve the impact resistance of the wall 81.

[0115] For example, the cross-sectional shape of the buffer cavity 823 is set to honeycomb, so that the reinforcing structure 82 can better improve the impact resistance of the wall 81.

[0116] In some embodiments, reference Figure 10 The buffer cavity 823 is filled with a buffer structure 8231, and the compression rebound rate of the buffer structure 8231 is set to C, where C≥80%.

[0117] The buffer structure 8231 can be a structure used to buffer the impact received by the outer structure 811. By filling the buffer cavity 823, it can absorb the impact energy received by the outer structure 811 through deformation, which helps to reduce the transmission of impact energy to the interior of the wall 81.

[0118] By setting the compression rebound rate C of the buffer structure 8231 to the range of C≥80%, the buffer structure 8231 can have good energy absorption efficiency, which helps to improve the effect of the wall 81 in absorbing external impact energy.

[0119] The compression rebound rate C of the buffer structure 8231 can be set to a range of C≥90%. For example, the compression rebound rate C of the buffer structure 8231 can be set to 90%, 93% or 95%, so that the buffer structure 8231 can efficiently absorb the impact energy received by the wall 81 through elastic deformation.

[0120] The compression rebound rate of the buffer structure 8231 can be obtained by measuring according to the national standard GB / T8813-2020. The specific measurement method can be referred to the national standard GB / T8813-2020, and will not be elaborated here.

[0121] For example, the buffer structure 8231 is doped with ceramic fibers. The ceramic fibers can not only enhance the structural strength and tear resistance of the buffer structure 8231, making it less likely to break when the wall 81 is subjected to external impact and thus enabling it to function reliably, but also improve the temperature resistance of the buffer structure 8231, which can reduce the possibility of deformation of the buffer structure 8231 due to heat and help maintain the morphological stability of the buffer structure 8231.

[0122] In some embodiments, the buffer structure 8231 is configured as a shear-thickening foam structure.

[0123] The shear-thickening foam structure can be formed by adding a shear-thickening liquid as a foaming agent to the preparation process of polyurethane foam, followed by a foaming process. This gives the shear-thickening foam structure good adhesion and elasticity. By setting the buffer structure 8231 as a shear-thickening foam structure, not only can the buffer structure 8231 be firmly bonded to the reinforcing structure 82 and the outer layer structure 811 after being filled in the buffer cavity 823, giving the structure formed by the buffer structure 8231, the reinforcing structure 82, and the outer layer structure 811 good integrity, but also the stiffness of the buffer structure 8231 will increase significantly with the increase of the impact rate, enabling the buffer structure 8231 to resist external impacts well and reducing the possibility of external impacts being further transmitted to the battery cells 7 inside the housing 5.

[0124] In some embodiments, reference Figure 11 and Figure 12 The inner layer structure 813 has a groove 8131 formed by indentation on the surface of the battery cell 7. A pressure relief mechanism 71 is provided on the side of the battery cell 7 facing the inner layer structure 813. The pressure relief mechanism 71 is arranged opposite to the groove 8131 along the thickness direction of the wall 81.

[0125] By recessing the inner layer structure 813 inward toward the surface of the battery cell 7 to form a groove 8131, the wall portion 81 is formed with a groove 8131 on the side facing the battery cell 7.

[0126] The pressure relief mechanism 71 can be a mechanism for venting the gas inside the battery cell 7.

[0127] As an example, the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 7 is actuated to release the internal pressure or temperature when it reaches a predetermined threshold. When the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 7 reaches the predetermined threshold, the pressure relief mechanism 71 is activated or a weak structure provided in the pressure relief mechanism 71 is destroyed, thereby forming an opening or channel for the internal pressure or temperature to be released. The threshold design varies depending on the design requirements. The threshold may depend on the materials of one or more of the positive electrode, negative electrode, electrolyte, and separator in the battery cell 7.

[0128] As an example, the pressure relief mechanism 71 can be integrally formed with the casing of the battery cell 7.

[0129] As an example, the pressure relief mechanism 71 can also be separately installed and connected to the housing of the battery cell 7.

[0130] The term "actuation" as used in this application refers to the pressure relief mechanism 71 being activated or undergoing a certain state, thereby releasing the internal pressure and temperature of the battery cell 7. The actions of the pressure relief mechanism 71 may include, but are not limited to: movement of components within the pressure relief mechanism 71 to form an exhaust channel, rupture, breakage, tearing, or opening of at least a portion of the pressure relief mechanism 71, etc. When the pressure relief mechanism 71 is actuated, the high-temperature, high-pressure substances inside the battery cell 7 are discharged outwards from the actuated portion as waste. This method enables pressure and temperature relief of the battery cell 7 under controllable pressure or temperature, thereby preventing potentially more serious accidents.

[0131] In some embodiments, when the outer casing of the battery cell 7 is a non-sealed structure, the pressure relief mechanism 71 can be configured as a through hole for discharging gas inside the battery cell 7.

[0132] The emissions from battery cell 7 mentioned in this application include, but are not limited to: electrolyte, dissolved or split positive and negative electrode plates, fragments of separators, high-temperature and high-pressure gases generated by the reaction, flames, etc.

[0133] Along the thickness direction of the wall portion 81, the pressure relief mechanism 71 is arranged opposite to the groove 8131. This means that the orthographic projection of the pressure relief mechanism 71 on a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the wall portion 81 falls within the range of the orthographic projection of the opening of the groove 8131 on the plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the wall portion 81. This not only allows the groove 8131 to provide space for the actuation of the relief mechanism and reduces the possibility of the wall portion 81 affecting the actuation of the relief mechanism, but also allows the groove 8131 to guide the flow of the relief material and improve the efficiency of the external discharge of the relief material.

[0134] In some embodiments, an electrode terminal 72 is provided on the side of the battery cell 7 facing the inner layer structure 813, and the electrode terminal 72 is misaligned with the groove 8131 along the thickness direction of the wall portion 81.

[0135] The electrode terminal 72 can be a component provided on the battery cell 7 for electrical connection with external parts of the battery cell 7, so that the battery cell 7 can be charged and discharged. The electrode terminal 72 may include, but is not limited to, a columnar structure, and those skilled in the art can configure it according to the actual situation.

[0136] An electrode terminal 72 is provided on the side of the battery cell 7 facing the inner layer structure 813. This means that the electrode terminal 72 is provided on the side of the battery cell 7 facing the inner layer structure 813, so that the electrode terminal 72 is provided on the same side as the discharge mechanism.

[0137] Along the thickness direction of the wall portion 81, the electrode terminal 72 is offset from the groove 8131. This means that the orthographic projection of the pressure relief mechanism 71 on a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the wall portion 81 is separate from the orthographic projection of the opening of the groove 8131 on a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the wall portion 81. This makes it difficult for the discharged material flowing in the groove 8131 to come into contact with the electrode terminal 72, reducing the possibility of the discharged material causing a short circuit in the battery cell 7, and improving the reliability of the battery device 2.

[0138] In other embodiments, the electrode terminal 72 may not be located on the same side as the discharge mechanism. For example, the electrode terminal 72 may be located on the side of the battery cell 7 facing away from the inner layer structure 813, so that the discharged substances discharged by the discharge mechanism are less likely to come into contact with the electrode terminal 72, thereby reducing the possibility of short circuit in the battery cell 7.

[0139] In some embodiments, the wall portion 81 further includes a reinforcing structure 82 connected to the surface of the outer layer structure 811 facing the inner layer structure 813, and at least a portion of the orthographic projection of the reinforcing structure 82 falls within the orthographic projection range of the groove 8131 on a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the wall portion 81.

[0140] As described in the aforementioned technical solution, the reinforcing structure 82 connected to the surface of the outer layer structure 811 facing the inner layer structure 813 can be a structure used to improve the impact resistance of the wall portion 81.

[0141] On a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the wall portion 81, at least a portion of the orthographic projection of the reinforcing structure 82 falls within the orthographic projection range of the groove 8131. This can mean that the entire orthographic projection of the reinforcing structure 82 on the plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the wall portion 81 falls within the orthographic projection range of the groove 8131 on the plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the wall portion 81; or it can mean that a portion of the orthographic projection of the reinforcing structure 82 on the plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the wall portion 81 falls within the orthographic projection range of the groove 8131 on the plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the wall portion 81.

[0142] Since the wall portion 81 corresponding to the groove 8131 has a small thickness, the structural strength at that location is low. By ensuring that at least a portion of the orthographic projection of the reinforcing structure 82 onto a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the wall portion 81 falls within the range of the orthographic projection of the groove 8131 onto a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the wall portion 81, the reinforcing structure 82 can improve the structural strength at that location, which is beneficial for improving the structural strength at the location with low structural strength.

[0143] In some embodiments, the outer layer structure 811 has an impact-resistant structure 8111 protruding from the surface of the inner layer structure 813, and the surface of the impact-resistant structure 8111 is configured as an arc-shaped surface.

[0144] The impact-resistant structure 8111 can refer to a structure used to improve the impact resistance of the wall portion 81. The outer layer structure 811 has the impact-resistant structure 8111 protruding from the surface facing away from the inner layer structure 813. This can mean that the impact-resistant structure 8111 protrudes from the surface of the outer layer structure 811 facing outward, so that the impact-resistant structure 8111 can receive external impacts before the outer layer structure 811.

[0145] By setting the outer surface of the impact-resistant structure 8111 as an arc-shaped surface, when an external impact acts on the outer surface of the impact-resistant structure 8111, the impact-resistant structure 8111 can disperse the impact force, which helps to reduce the possibility of the outer structure 811 being damaged by impact.

[0146] For example, the outer surface of the impact-resistant structure 8111 is set as a spherical surface, so that the impact-resistant structure 8111 can better disperse the impact force.

[0147] In some embodiments, the outer layer 811 has an impact-resistant coating 8112 on the surface facing away from the inner layer 813.

[0148] The impact-resistant coating 8112 can be a functional coating used to absorb, disperse, or buffer external impact forces, reducing cracking, scratches, and deformation of the outer structure 811 caused by collisions, friction, or impacts. It improves the impact resistance of the outer structure 811. The impact-resistant coating 8112 is provided on the surface of the outer structure 811 facing away from the inner structure 813, meaning it is provided on the outward-facing surface of the outer structure 811. By providing the impact-resistant coating 8112 on the surface of the outer structure 811 facing away from the inner structure 813, external impacts can first act on the impact-resistant coating 8112, which helps improve the wall portion 81's resistance to stone impacts and other shocks.

[0149] For example, the impact-resistant coating 8112 may be a coating structure such as a polyurea coating, a glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin coating, or a nanoparticle modified elastomer coating sprayed on the surface of the outer layer structure 811 that is opposite to the inner layer structure 813.

[0150] In some embodiments, the inner layer structure 813 has an insulating coating on the surface facing away from the outer layer structure 811.

[0151] The insulating coating can be a coating structure with insulating properties. By providing an insulating coating on the surface of the inner layer structure 813 that faces away from the outer layer structure 811, the insulating coating can reduce the possibility of electrical connection between the battery cell 7 and the inner layer structure 813, which is beneficial to improving the reliability of the battery device 2.

[0152] For example, the insulating coating may be an epoxy resin coating, a polyimide coating, a silicone resin coating, a silicate coating, or a ceramic precursor coating.

[0153] In some embodiments, the inner layer structure 813 has a fire-retardant coating on the surface facing away from the outer layer structure 811.

[0154] The fire-retardant coating can be a coating applied to the surface of the inner layer structure 813 that is away from the outer layer structure 811. In a fire, it can delay the heating of the substrate and prevent the spread of flames through heat insulation, flame retardancy and carbonization expansion, thereby buying time for personnel evacuation, fire rescue and protection of the substrate structure.

[0155] For example, the fire-retardant coating may be a fire-retardant coating based on epoxy resin, acrylic resin, silicone resin or phosphate resin with added fire retardants such as melamine, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate or pentaerythritol.

[0156] In some embodiments, the tensile strength of the outer layer 811 is set to L1, where L1 ≥ 550 MPa, and the yield strength of the inner layer 813 is set to Q1, where Q1 ≥ 200 MPa.

[0157] By setting the range of tensile strength L1 of the outer layer structure 811 to L1≥550MPa, the outer layer structure 811 has good tensile strength, making the outer layer structure 811 of the wall part 81 less prone to cracking, which helps to reduce the damage to the wall part 81 caused by external impact.

[0158] The tensile strength L1 of the outer layer structure 811 can be set to L1≥600MPa. For example, the tensile strength L1 of the outer layer structure 811 can be 600MPa, 700MPa or 800MPa, so that the outer layer structure 811 has good tensile strength and the outer layer structure 811 of the wall portion 81 is not easy to break.

[0159] In some embodiments, the outer structure 811 may be made of steel. For example, the steel may be of type B1500HS.

[0160] By setting the yield strength Q1 of the inner layer structure 813 to the range of Q1≥200MPa, the inner layer structure 813 is less prone to deformation, reducing the possibility of deformation of the inner layer structure 813 causing extrusion of the battery cell 7.

[0161] The yield strength Q1 of the inner layer structure 813 can be set to a range of Q1≥250MPa. For example, the yield strength Q1 of the inner layer structure 813 can be 250MPa, 300MPa or 350MPa, so that the inner layer structure 813 has good resistance to deformation and that the inner layer structure 813 is not easily squeezed by the battery cell 7.

[0162] In some embodiments, the inner layer structure 813 may be made of aluminum alloy, and the inner layer structure 813 may undergo surface anodizing treatment. For example, the aluminum alloy may be of type 5082-H32.

[0163] Some embodiments of this application also provide an electrical device, which includes a battery device 2 provided by any of the above technical solutions, the battery device 2 being used to provide electrical energy.

[0164] Some embodiments of this application provide a battery device 2, which includes a battery cell 7 and a housing 5. The battery cell 7 is disposed in the housing 5. The wall 81 of the housing 5 includes an outer layer structure 811, an intermediate layer structure 812, an inner layer structure 813, and a reinforcing structure 82, which are stacked sequentially along their thickness direction. The intermediate layer structure 812 is configured as a shear-thickening foam structure to bond the outer layer structure 811 and the inner layer structure 813. The intermediate layer structure 812 includes a first region 8121 and a second region 8121 stacked along the thickness direction of the wall 81. 122, the first region 8121 is closer to the inner layer structure 813 than the second region 8122, and the density of the first region 8121 is greater than that of the second region 8122. The reinforcing structure 82 is connected to the surface of the outer layer structure 811 facing the inner layer structure 813 and protrudes towards the surface of the inner layer structure 813 to form a protruding structure 821 that abuts against the inner layer structure 813. The surface of the reinforcing structure 82 facing the outer layer structure 811 is recessed inward to form a recess 822. The outer layer structure 811 covers the recess 822 to form a buffer cavity 823 filled with a buffer structure 8231.

[0165] In the above structure, the wall portion 81 includes an outer layer structure 811, a middle layer structure 812, and an inner layer structure 813 stacked sequentially along its thickness direction. The inner layer structure 813 is closer to the battery cell 7 than the outer layer structure 811. Since the middle layer structure 812 is configured as a shear thickening structure, when the middle layer structure 812 is impacted, the stiffness of the middle layer structure 812 will increase significantly with the increase of the impact rate. This allows the wall portion 81 of the housing 5 to resist external impacts well, reducing the possibility of damage to the battery cell 7 in the housing 5 due to impact, improving the impact resistance of the battery device 2, and helping to improve the reliability of the battery device 2.

[0166] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and not to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. These modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims and specification of this application. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various technical features mentioned in the embodiments can be combined in any way. This application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A battery device, characterized in that, include: Battery cell; A housing, in which the battery cell is disposed, the housing includes a wall, the wall including an outer layer structure, a middle layer structure and an inner layer structure stacked sequentially along its thickness direction, the middle layer structure being configured as a shear-thickening structure, the inner layer structure being closer to the battery cell than the outer layer structure, the middle layer structure including a first region and a second region stacked along the thickness direction of the wall, the first region being closer to the inner layer structure than the second region, the density of the first region being greater than the density of the second region; the wall also includes a reinforcing structure, the reinforcing structure being connected to the surface of the outer layer structure facing the inner layer structure.

2. The battery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intermediate layer structure is configured as a shear-thickening foam structure, which bonds the outer layer structure and the inner layer structure.

3. The battery device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bonding strength between the intermediate layer structure and the outer layer structure is set to A, where A ≥ 3 MPa, and the bonding strength between the intermediate layer structure and the inner layer structure is set to B, where B ≥ 3 MPa.

4. The battery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tear resistance of the first zone is stronger than that of the second zone, and the compression rebound rate of the first zone is less than that of the second zone.

5. The battery device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first area and the second area are integrally formed structures.

6. The battery device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first region is provided with reinforcing fibers, and the second region is provided with hollow glass microspheres.

7. The battery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reinforcing structure protrudes from the surface of the inner layer structure to form a protruding structure, and the protruding structure abuts against the inner layer structure.

8. The battery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reinforcing structure is recessed inward on the surface of the outer layer to form a recess, and the outer layer covers the recess to form a buffer cavity.

9. The battery device according to claim 8, characterized in that, Multiple buffer cavities are provided, and the multiple buffer cavities are spaced apart.

10. The battery device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The buffer cavity is filled with a buffer structure, and the compression rebound rate of the buffer structure is set to C, where C≥80%.

11. The battery device according to claim 10, characterized in that, The buffer structure is configured as a shear-thickening foam structure.

12. The battery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner layer structure has a groove recessed inward on the surface facing the battery cell. A pressure relief mechanism is provided on the side of the battery cell facing the inner layer structure. The pressure relief mechanism is arranged opposite to the groove along the thickness direction of the wall.

13. The battery device according to claim 12, characterized in that, The battery cell has an electrode terminal on the side facing the inner layer structure, and the electrode terminal is misaligned with the groove along the thickness direction of the wall.

14. The battery device according to claim 12, characterized in that, The wall portion further includes a reinforcing structure connected to the surface of the outer layer structure facing the inner layer structure. On a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the wall portion, at least a portion of the orthographic projection of the reinforcing structure falls within the orthographic projection range of the groove.

15. The battery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer layer structure has an impact-resistant structure protruding from its surface away from the inner layer structure, and the surface of the impact-resistant structure is set as an arc-shaped surface.

16. The battery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer layer has an impact-resistant coating on its surface facing away from the inner layer.

17. The battery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner layer structure has an insulating coating on its surface facing away from the outer layer structure.

18. The battery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tensile strength of the outer layer is set to L1, where L1 ≥ 550 MPa, and the yield strength of the inner layer is set to Q1, where Q1 ≥ 200 MPa.

19. An electrical appliance, characterized in that, Includes the battery device as described in any one of claims 1-18, the battery device being used to provide electrical energy.

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