Separating metallic materials from non-metallic materials in aerosol-generating article waste streams

Abstract

A method of separating metallic material from non-metallic material in a stream of aerosol-generating articles or in a waste stream generated during a manufacturing process for aerosol-generating articles is disclosed, the method comprising: passing the stream onto an electrically grounded conductive circumferential surface of a rotating cylinder having a substantially horizontal longitudinal axis of rotation, simultaneously bombarding the stream with positive ions from at least one corona discharge electrode mounted adjacent but not in contact with the conductive circumferential surface so as to apply a positive charge to the material in the stream; wherein the at least one corona discharge electrode comprises a conductive wire disposed substantially parallel to the axis of rotation of the rotating cylinder and substantially parallel to the conductive circumferential surface of the rotating cylinder; wherein the metallic material in the stream loses the applied positive charge to the conductive circumferential surface faster than the non-metallic material; wherein the metal material is thrown into the first accommodating part from the conductive circumferential surface in a first tangential direction range; and wherein the non-metallic material is thrown into the second receptacle from the electrically conductive circumferential surface in a second tangential direction or brushed into the second receptacle from the electrically conductive circumferential surface.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to a method and apparatus for separating metallic and non-metallic materials from an aerosol-generating article waste stream by means of a vibrating table and by means of electrostatic attraction to a rotating cylinder. Background Technology

[0002] In the manufacture of aerosol-generating articles (e.g., heated tobacco products, heated nicotine-containing products, and mixtures thereof), various components are combined to produce the aerosol-generating articles. Typically, these articles include an aerosol-generating matrix (e.g., tobacco cast leaves, other agricultural products such as clove, menthol, and guar gum, glycerin), one or more filter elements (e.g., containing cellulose materials), an aerosol cooling element (e.g., containing polylactic acid or acetate materials), and a metallic sensor element that, when heated, heats the aerosol-generating matrix and releases aerosols. The various components are arranged in a desired configuration and assembled into a strip-shaped article encased in an outer packaging, which may be made of paper or other materials.

[0003] There are many different designs of aerosol-generating articles, and this disclosure specifically relates to waste streams generated during the manufacture of aerosol-generating articles comprising both metallic and non-metallic materials, or to waste streams comprising used aerosol-generating articles comprising both metallic and non-metallic materials.

[0004] Referring to the manufacturing of aerosol-generated products, the production line can be set up to produce thousands, tens of thousands, or even more aerosol-generated products per hour. The aerosol-generated products undergo quality inspection, and those that do not meet quality standards are rejected and sent to a waste stream. The waste stream may include finished aerosol-generated products that do not meet quality standards and partially finished aerosol-generated products that were rejected before completion. It is desirable to separate metallic materials from non-metallic materials in the waste stream so that at least the metallic materials can be recycled.

[0005] It is also expected that metallic and non-metallic materials will be separated when processing used aerosol-generated articles that may have been collected from end users or testing machines.

[0006] Some currently available separation methods and devices focus on the recycling of conventional cigarettes, such as separating cellulosic materials from paper or tobacco. These known separation methods and devices are not designed to separate metallic materials from non-metallic materials.

[0007] Other currently available separation methods and equipment attempt to separate metallic materials by shredding the aerosol-generated articles and using magnetic force to separate the metallic materials from the non-metallic materials. However, such methods and equipment are only effective for ferromagnetic metallic materials, and the shredding process produces small metal particles that may be difficult to separate from other components and may contaminate the non-metallic component waste stream. Summary of the Invention

[0008] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a method is provided for separating metallic materials from non-metallic materials in an aerosol-generating article stream or in a waste stream generated during the manufacturing process of an aerosol-generating article, the method comprising:

[0009] The flow is passed to an electrically grounded conductive circumferential surface of a rotating cylinder having a substantially horizontal longitudinal axis of rotation, while the flow is bombarded with positive ions from at least one corona discharge electrode mounted adjacent to but not in contact with the conductive circumferential surface, so as to apply a positive charge to the material in the flow.

[0010] The at least one corona discharge electrode comprises a conductive wire, which is disposed substantially parallel to the axis of rotation of the rotating cylinder and substantially parallel to the conductive circumferential surface of the rotating cylinder.

[0011] The metallic material in the flow loses the applied positive charge to the conductive circumferential surface faster than the non-metallic material;

[0012] The metallic material is thrown into the first receiving portion from the conductive circumferential surface within a first tangential direction; and

[0013] The non-metallic material is either thrown into the second receiving portion from the conductive circumferential surface within the second tangential direction range, or brushed into the second receiving portion from the conductive circumferential surface.

[0014] According to a second aspect of the invention, a separation apparatus is provided for separating metallic and non-metallic materials in an aerosol-generating article waste treatment line, or in a waste stream generated during the manufacturing process of an aerosol-generating article, wherein the separation apparatus comprises:

[0015] i) a cylinder having an electrically grounded conductive circumferential surface onto which the waste stream is transferred, the cylinder being rotatable about a substantially horizontal longitudinal axis of rotation; and

[0016] ii) At least one corona discharge electrode, said at least one corona discharge electrode being mounted adjacent to but not in contact with said conductive circumferential surface and configured to apply a positive charge to said material in the flow, said corona discharge electrode comprising conductive wire disposed substantially parallel to the axis of rotation of the rotatable cylinder and substantially parallel to the conductive circumferential surface of said rotatable cylinder;

[0017] The metallic material in the flow loses the applied positive charge to the conductive circumferential surface faster than the non-metallic material;

[0018] The rotatable cylinder is operable to throw metal material from the conductive circumferential surface into the first receiving portion within a first tangential direction range; and

[0019] The rotatable cylinder is operable to throw non-metallic material from the conductive circumferential surface into the second receiving portion within a second tangential direction range, or the blade or brush roller is operable to brush non-metallic material from the conductive circumferential surface into the second receiving portion.

[0020] Before the flow is delivered to the conductive circumferential surface, the flow can be delivered across the surface of the vibration table to physically separate the metallic material from the non-metallic material.

[0021] The aerosol-generated articles in the stream may have been pre-treated to tear open the outer packaging of the articles and expose the internal components of the articles for initial separation from each other.

[0022] The aerosol-generated articles in the stream may have been pre-treated, so the outer packaging of the articles is cut open and the internal components of the articles are exposed to facilitate their initial separation. Preferred cutting methods and equipment will be described below.

[0023] When provided, the vibration table has a surface that vibrates to perform initial separation of the article parts on the vibration table. The vibration of the surface of the vibration table also causes the waste stream to be transmitted along the surface toward and onto the electrically grounded conductive circumferential surface of the rotating drum.

[0024] The separation method is based on the principle of electrostatic separation, in which a charge is applied to the material to be separated by bombardment with positive ions from a corona discharge electrode. The positively charged material is electrostatically attracted to the grounded conductive circumferential surface of the rotating cylinder. Because metallic materials are conductive, they quickly lose their positive charge to the grounded conductive circumferential surface. Therefore, the metallic material is ejected from the conductive circumferential surface within a first tangential direction and collected in a first receiving portion. Because non-metallic components are less conductive than metallic materials or not conductive at all, they lose their positive charge to the grounded conductive circumferential surface more slowly. Therefore, non-metallic materials remain electrostatically attracted to the conductive circumferential surface for a longer time than metallic materials, and are ejected from the conductive circumferential surface within a second tangential direction, different from the first tangential direction, and collected in a second receiving portion.

[0025] By avoiding the need for products generated from shredded aerosols, the risk of generating small metal particles is reduced, which could contaminate non-metallic waste streams.

[0026] After being separated from non-metallic materials, metallic materials can be effectively recycled.

[0027] Non-metallic materials (which may include valuable aerosol-generating matrix materials such as tobacco cast leaves, as well as filter materials, paper, and aerosol cooling components) can be further separated into different parts, some of which can be recycled, and some of which can be composted or disposed of in other environmentally responsible ways.

[0028] Metallic materials can include sensor components for aerosol-generating articles. The sensor component can comprise a substantially layered metallic element having a plane disposed substantially centrally along the longitudinal axis of each article and disposed within or on the aerosol-generating matrix. This is the typical profile of metallic sensor elements used in aerosol-generating devices. In some aerosol-generating articles, the sensor component may be wrapped around the aerosol-generating matrix. The metallic sensor component is used to apply heat to the aerosol-generating matrix. The sensor component can operate by resistive or ohmic heating, in which case current flows through the sensor component when the aerosol-generating article is consumed using the aerosol-generating device; or by induction heating, in which case eddy currents are induced in the sensor component by an alternating electromagnetic field when the aerosol-generating article is consumed using the aerosol-generating device.

[0029] Non-metallic materials may include at least one material selected from a list including: paper, aerosol generating matrix, tobacco cast leaf, other agricultural products (such as clove, menthol and other flavorings), guar gum, glycerin, glue, ink, filter material, cellulose, cellulose acetate, cellulose acetate tow, and polylactic acid.

[0030] The conductive circumferential surface of an electrically grounded surface may have a negative charge. This may be due to the fact that the electrical ground typically has a slight negative charge.

[0031] The cylinder can rotate at a speed of 5 to 100 rpm, optionally 20 to 80 rpm, optionally 25 to 75 rpm, optionally 30 to 60 rpm, optionally 40 to 60 rpm, optionally 40 to 50 rpm, and optionally approximately 50 rpm. The rotational speed of the cylinder, combined with the positive charge on the material on the conductive circumferential surface of the cylinder and the weight of the individual material elements, will be factors determining the first and second tangential ranges of material ejected from the conductive circumferential surface as it rotates.

[0032] At least one corona discharge electrode includes a conductive wire arranged substantially parallel to the axis of rotation of the rotating cylinder and substantially parallel to the conductive circumferential surface of the rotating cylinder. This arrangement of the corona discharge electrode helps ensure substantially uniform positive ion bombardment of the material over the main portion of the length of the conductive circumferential surface. By using the conductive wire, it is possible to improve the uniformity and stability of the charge distribution on the conductive circumferential surface. This can improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the separation process. Compared to electrostatic separation devices using needles as corona discharge electrodes, embodiments of the present invention, using conductive wires arranged substantially parallel to the conductive circumferential surface of the rotating cylinder, surprisingly provide a more uniform and stable charge distribution and may require less maintenance.

[0033] The conductive circumferential surface of the rotating cylinder may have an imaginary highest line defined by a contact line between the top of the conductive circumferential surface and a substantially horizontal tangential plane.

[0034] The conductive wire of the corona discharge electrode can be positioned substantially parallel to the imaginary highest line and spaced 30 to 70 mm, optionally 40 to 60 mm, or optionally 45 to 55 mm from it. This distance range may be particularly effective for electrostatic separation relative to the type of material used to manufacture aerosol-generating articles.

[0035] The elevation angle between the conductive wire of the corona discharge electrode and the imaginary highest line can be 30 to 60 degrees, optionally 40 to 50 degrees, or optionally 43 to 47 degrees. This range of elevation angles may be particularly effective for electrostatic separation of the material type used to manufacture aerosol-generating articles.

[0036] In the provided configuration, the vibration table can be positioned on one side of the longitudinal axis of rotation, and the conductive wire can be positioned on the opposite side of the longitudinal axis of rotation. For example, the vibration table can be positioned above the longitudinal axis of rotation and can extend in a first direction from a point substantially directly above the longitudinal axis. The conductive wire can also be positioned above the longitudinal axis of rotation, but at a predetermined distance from the point directly above the longitudinal axis of rotation in a second direction opposite to the first direction. In this way, the material in the material stream can be bombarded with positive ions as it is transferred from the vibration table to the conductive circumferential surface of the rotating cylinder. Alternatively or additionally, the material in the material stream can be bombarded with positive ions immediately after it has been transferred from the vibration table to the conductive circumferential surface of the rotating cylinder.

[0037] The conductive wire may have a diameter of 0.1 to 5 mm, optionally 1 to 4 mm, optionally 2 to 3 mm.

[0038] The conductive wire can be a tungsten wire.

[0039] The conductive circumferential surface of the rotating cylinder can have a width L1 measured along the axis of rotation, and the conductive wires can be arranged at a distance L2 measured substantially parallel to the axis of rotation. Width L2 can be greater than width L1. This helps ensure that the material at all longitudinal locations along the conductive circumferential surface of the rotating cylinder is bombarded with positive ions.

[0040] At least one corona discharge electrode can be charged to a potential of 10 to 35 kV, optionally 15 to 30 kV, optionally 25 to 30 kV. This range of potentials may be particularly effective for electrostatic separation of the type of material used to manufacture aerosol-generating articles. Charging the conductive wire of the corona discharge electrode to a high potential generates a strong electric field around the conductive wire, which facilitates ionization around the conductive wire.

[0041] At least one corona discharge electrode can supply a current of 15 to 1000 microamps, optionally 100 to 900 microamps, optionally 400 to 600 microamps. This current range may be particularly effective for the electrostatic separation of the types of materials used to manufacture aerosol-generating articles. The current in the conductive filament can be a leakage current primarily due to the movement of charged ions in the air surrounding the filament and the ionization of the material on the conductive surface. Therefore, the actual current carried by the conductive filament may be relatively small, for example, on the order of up to 1000 microamps. The primary purpose of the current is not to transfer power, but to facilitate the generation of a sufficient number of ions to charge both metallic and non-metallic materials and to promote electrostatic separation.

[0042] This method can be carried out at relative humidity levels of 5% to 75%, optionally 10% to 40%, optionally 12% to 20%. At lower relative humidity levels, electrostatic separation of the material types used to manufacture aerosol-generating articles is facilitated because less ionized charge is lost to water vapor.

[0043] The method may also include heating the flow on the surface of the vibration table. The flow on the surface of the vibration table may be heated by a heater. The heater may be positioned above the surface of the vibration table. Heating the flow can help reduce relative humidity.

[0044] Non-metallic material can be brushed from the conductive circumferential surface into the second receiving portion using a brush roller. If at least some non-metallic material has not yet been thrown from the conductive circumferential surface into the second receiving portion, this material can be brushed in. This helps ensure that the conductive circumferential surface of the rotating cylinder is free of material when the cylinder rotates back upwards towards the vibrating table, thus allowing for the collection of more material.

[0045] Non-metallic material can be brushed from the conductive circumferential surface into the second receiving portion using a blade.

[0046] The surface of the shaking table can be set in a plane, and the shaking table can vibrate in a direction substantially perpendicular to the plane of the shaking table surface. This may cause the surface of the shaking table to repeatedly affect the material flow, thus facilitating the initial separation of metallic and non-metallic materials.

[0047] The surface of the vibration table may have a proximal end to which the waste stream is supplied, and a distal end located above the conductive circumferential surface of the rotating cylinder, and the waste stream may travel from the proximal end to the distal end and from the distal end to the conductive circumferential surface.

[0048] The surface of the vibration table can be arranged in a plane, and this plane can be angled downwards from the proximal end to the distal end at an angle of 5 to 35 degrees with respect to the horizontal plane, optionally at an angle of 10 to 30 degrees with respect to the horizontal plane, optionally at an angle of 12 to 17 degrees with respect to the horizontal plane, optionally at an angle of about 15 degrees with respect to the horizontal plane. By angling the plane downwards from the proximal end to the distal end, the transfer of the waste flow across the surface of the vibration table toward the conductive circumferential surface of the rotating cylinder can be facilitated.

[0049] The surface of the vibration table can vibrate at frequencies of 5 to 100 Hz, optionally 30 to 60 Hz, or optionally 40 to 50 Hz. This vibration frequency range may be particularly effective for the initial separation of material types used in the manufacture of aerosol-generating articles.

[0050] The surface of the vibration table can vibrate at an amplitude of 1 to 6 mm, optionally 2 to 5 mm, or optionally 3 to 4 mm. This range of vibration amplitudes may be particularly effective for the initial separation of material types used in the manufacture of aerosol-generating articles.

[0051] The surface of the vibration table can have a vibration amplitude smaller than the interval between the distal end of the vibration table surface and the conductive circumferential surface, so that the distal end of the vibration table surface does not contact the conductive circumferential surface. This helps to avoid unwanted scaling on the conductive circumferential surface from the distal end of the vibration table surface during vibration.

[0052] Waste streams can be passed across the surface of the vibrating table at a flow rate of 0.5 to 4.5 tons / hour, optionally 1 to 4 tons / hour, or optionally 2 to 3 tons / hour.

[0053] The rotating cylinder may have a diameter of 100 to 600 mm, optionally 200 to 550 mm, optionally 200 to 500 mm, optionally 250 to 500 mm, optionally 300 to 400 mm, optionally 300 to 350 mm, optionally approximately 350 mm.

[0054] The conductive circumferential surface may have a width of 300 to 1000 mm, optionally 600 to 900 mm, or optionally 800 to 900 mm, measured along the longitudinal axis.

[0055] The rotating cylinder can be made of steel. The rotating cylinder can also be made of stainless steel.

[0056] The conductive circumferential surface may include a titanium layer or a titanium alloy layer.

[0057] The surface of the vibration table may have a length of 300 to 2000 mm, optionally 600 to 1500 mm, or optionally 1000 to 1250 mm.

[0058] The surface of the vibration table may have a width of 300 to 1000 mm, optionally 600 to 900 mm, or optionally 700 to 800 mm.

[0059] The surface of the vibration table can be mounted on the frame with the aid of spring components.

[0060] The surface of the vibration table can be vibrated by a motor.

[0061] Before being passed across the surface of the vibration table, the waste stream may include aerosol-generated articles from the manufacturing process that do not meet quality standards or are considered defective. The waste stream may also include used aerosol-generated articles collected from end-users or those that have already been tested in the testing machine.

[0062] In some embodiments, vibration of the aerosol-generating article on the surface of the vibration table may be sufficient to open or break the circumferential packaging of the aerosol-generating article and expose and separate the internal components of the aerosol-generating article, including metallic and non-metallic materials.

[0063] In other embodiments, the aerosol-generated articles of the waste stream may be pretreated by cutting open the circumferential packaging of the aerosol-generated articles to expose internal components and facilitate initial separation of metallic and non-metallic materials.

[0064] Preprocessing may include the following steps:

[0065] a) Align the aerosol-generated articles in the feed hopper such that the aerosol-generated articles are arranged such that their longitudinal axes are substantially parallel to each other and extend together.

[0066] b) The aerosol-generated article is fed from the feed hopper to the outer periphery of a rotating drum having a rotation axis, wherein the outer periphery includes a plurality of longitudinal grooves disposed substantially parallel to the rotation axis, and each longitudinal groove is configured to releasably receive at least one aerosol-generated article, wherein the longitudinal axis of each aerosol-generated article is substantially parallel to the rotation axis.

[0067] c) When the aerosol-generating articles are in the longitudinal grooves on the outer periphery of the rotating drum, at least the circumferential packaging of the aerosol-generating articles is cut along the longitudinal axis of each aerosol-generating article; and

[0068] d) After cutting the circumferential package, the aerosol-generated article is released from the outer periphery of the rotating drum.

[0069] Preprocessing can be performed by a device that includes the following:

[0070] a) A feed hopper in which the aerosol-generating articles are arranged such that their longitudinal axes are substantially parallel to each other and extend together;

[0071] b) A rotatable drum having a rotation axis and an outer perimeter configured to receive an aerosol-generated article from the feed hopper, the outer perimeter including a plurality of longitudinal grooves disposed substantially parallel to the rotation axis, and wherein each longitudinal groove is configured to releasably receive at least one aerosol-generated article, wherein the longitudinal axis of each aerosol-generated article is substantially parallel to the rotation axis.

[0072] c) A cutting device configured to cut at least the circumferential packaging of the aerosol-generating articles along the longitudinal axis of each aerosol-generating article when the aerosol-generating articles are at the outer periphery of the rotatable drum; and

[0073] d) The rotatable roller is configured to release the aerosol-generated article from the outer periphery of the rotatable roller after the circumferential package has been cut.

[0074] By aligning and orienting the aerosol-generating articles in longitudinal grooves on the outer periphery of a rotating drum, it becomes possible to cut at least the circumferential packaging of each aerosol-generating article along its longitudinal axis in a controlled manner, thus exposing the internal components of the aerosol-generating articles and facilitating their separation from each other. Compared to known shredding processes, the controlled cutting step significantly reduces the risk of damaging metallic materials (such as metal receptor strips) within the aerosol-generating articles. Therefore, the risk of generating small, fragmented metal pieces, which may be more difficult to separate from other materials, is reduced.

[0075] Air holes can be provided in the longitudinal grooves on the outer surface of the rotating drum.

[0076] The aerosol-generating article can be releasably held in the longitudinal groove by applying a controlled negative pressure to the air hole. The negative pressure can act through the air hole to draw the aerosol-generating article into the longitudinal groove and keep the aerosol-generating article properly aligned.

[0077] The aerosol-generated article can be discharged from the longitudinal groove by a controlled positive pressure applied to the air hole. The positive pressure can be applied through the air hole to blow the aerosol-generated article out of the longitudinal groove when desired.

[0078] A rotating drum may include a fixed internal portion and a rotating peripheral portion that defines its outer perimeter.

[0079] The fixed internal portion may include a longitudinal negative pressure air passage. The fixed internal portion may include at least one first axial passage extending from the longitudinal negative pressure air passage toward the rotating outer circumferential portion, and the first at least one axial passage may communicate with an air hole in at least one longitudinal groove when at least one longitudinal groove is in a first predetermined rotational position. The first predetermined rotational position may be a position adjacent to the outlet of the feed hopper. More generally, the first predetermined rotational position may be any position within a predetermined rotational position range in the upper half of the rotating drum.

[0080] The fixed internal portion may include a longitudinal positive pressure air passage. The fixed internal portion may include at least one second axial passage extending from the longitudinal positive pressure air passage toward the rotating outer circumferential portion, and the second at least one axial passage may communicate with an air hole in at least one longitudinal groove when at least one longitudinal groove is in a second predetermined rotational position. When the rotating outer portion rotates about the fixed internal portion, the second predetermined rotational position may be the lowest longitudinal groove in the rotating outer portion. More generally, the second predetermined rotational position may be any position within a predetermined rotational position range in the lower half of the rotating drum.

[0081] Alternatively or additionally, the aerosol-generated article can be releasably held in the longitudinal groove by a magnetic field.

[0082] The metallic material may comprise substantially layered metallic elements having a plane substantially centered along the longitudinal axis of each aerosol-generating article. This is the typical profile of metallic sensor elements used in aerosol-generating devices. The metallic sensor elements are used to apply heat to the aerosol-generating matrix. The metallic sensor elements can operate by resistive or ohmic heating, in which case current flows through the metallic sensor element when the aerosol-generating article is consumed using the aerosol-generating device; or by induction heating, in which case eddy currents are induced in the metallic sensor element by an alternating electromagnetic field when the aerosol-generating article is consumed using the aerosol-generating device.

[0083] The longitudinal grooves may be provided with magnets that can be releasably applied with a magnetic field to hold the aerosol-generated article within the longitudinal grooves. The magnets may include at least one permanent magnet. The magnets may also include at least one electromagnet. Each longitudinal groove may be provided with at least one magnet.

[0084] The magnet may include elongated magnetic members disposed along opposite edges of longitudinal grooves. The elongated magnetic members may be configured to have opposite magnetic polarities in each longitudinal groove. This allows for the application of a stronger magnetic field within the longitudinal grooves.

[0085] A magnet can rotate the aerosol-generating article relative to the outer periphery of the rotating drum, such that the planes of the substantially layered metal elements are aligned substantially parallel to the outer periphery of the rotating drum. This is particularly advantageous when the metal material comprises substantially layered metal elements, each having a plane substantially centered along the longitudinal axis of each aerosol-generating article. The magnet can be configured to rotate the aerosol-generating article within a longitudinal groove, such that the planes of the substantially layered metal elements are aligned substantially parallel to the outer periphery of the rotating drum. The magnet can help retain the aerosol-generating article in the longitudinal groove during rotation of the rotating drum, at least until the aerosol-generating article is released or until the aerosol-generating article is discharged from the longitudinal groove through air from a longitudinal positive pressure air passage.

[0086] By aligning the planes of the substantially layered metal element substantially parallel to the outer perimeter of the rotating drum, it is possible to reduce the likelihood of the metal material being cut during the cutting process in step c). This, in turn, reduces the risk of generating small metal particles during the cutting step, which may be more difficult to separate from the non-metallic material compared to larger substantially layered metal elements.

[0087] In embodiments using an electromagnet as the magnet, it is possible to omit the longitudinal positive pressure air channel and the second at least one axial channel, because the selected electromagnet can be shut off to release the cut aerosol-generated article from the lower half of the rotating outer portion or at least from the lowest longitudinal groove when the rotating outer portion rotates about the fixed inner portion. The aerosol-generated article can then fall from the longitudinal groove under gravity.

[0088] Preferably, in step c), the aerosol-generated article is cut without cutting the metal parts.

[0089] In step c), a laser can be used to cut the aerosol-generated article. The laser can have power selectable to cut only the circumferential packaging without cutting the metal material.

[0090] In step c), an aerosol-generated article can be cut using a blade cutting device. The blade cutting device may include rotating blades. The blade cutting device may include multiple blades mounted on a drive belt. The drive belt may be configured such that the multiple blades cut in the longitudinal direction along the longitudinal axis of the aerosol-generated article on the outer periphery of the rotating drum.

[0091] The rotating drum can rotate in a stepwise manner, wherein the rotating drum is stationary during the cutting process in step c). This simplifies the cutting process because the cutting device does not need to rotate with the rotating drum.

[0092] In step c), the aerosol-generated article can be cut to a depth of up to 3 mm, optionally up to 2 mm. This depth may be sufficient to open the aerosol-generated article, thereby allowing separation of metallic and non-metallic materials with minimal risk of cutting the metallic material.

[0093] Following step d), the cut aerosol-generated product can be released or discharged onto a conveyor. The conveyor can be positioned below the rotating drum. The product can be conveyed onto the surface of a vibrating table on the conveyor.

[0094] Alternatively, after step d), the cut aerosol-generated article can be directly released onto the surface of the vibrating table. The vibrating table can be positioned below the rotating drum.

[0095] In the context of this disclosure, the term "aerosol-generating article" is intended to refer to an article comprising an aerosol-generating matrix configured for use with an aerosol-generating apparatus. The aerosol-generating matrix may include a nicotine-containing substance (e.g., tobacco). The article may include additional components (such as a mouthpiece, aerosol mixing section, a filter section, a flavoring section, etc.). The aerosol-generating article preferably has a strip-shaped or cylindrical profile. The aerosol-generating article preferably has a constant cross-section along its length, which may be circular, elliptical, or oval, but may also have other shapes, including polygonal ones.

[0096] In the context of this disclosure, the term "aerosol-generating matrix" is intended to mean a matrix capable of generating aerosols when heated. Examples of aerosol-generating matrices include tobacco cast leaves formed from pulp of ground tobacco leaves and a suitable binder, and also include mixtures of nicotine with one or more of glycerin, guar gum, menthol, cloves, other flavorings, other agricultural products, or high-retention materials with nicotine content.

[0097] In the context of this disclosure, the term "corona discharge electrode" is intended to refer to an electrode, such as an electrode in the form of a conductive wire, which can be charged to a sufficiently high voltage to cause the air surrounding the electrode to undergo electrical breakdown and become conductive, thereby allowing charge to continuously leak from the electrode and into the surrounding air. Corona discharge occurs at a location where the strength of the electric field around the electrode exceeds the dielectric strength of the air. Corona discharge electrodes promote the formation of positive ions from neutral atoms or molecules in the air.

[0098] In the context of this disclosure, the term "fixed inner portion" is intended to mean a substantially cylindrical inner portion of a rotating drum that remains substantially stationary as the outer cylindrical and coaxial portions of the rotating drum rotate about the inner portion.

[0099] In the context of this disclosure, the term "layered" is intended to mean an article having a sheet-like or foil-like structure.

[0100] In the context of this disclosure, the term "longitudinal groove" is intended to mean a groove extending longitudinally along the outer periphery of a rotating drum. The longitudinal groove may be substantially semi-cylindrical. The longitudinal groove may be configured to receive a strip-shaped aerosol-generating article longitudinally aligned with the longitudinal groove, wherein the outer longitudinally curved surface of the aerosol-generating article extends outward from the outer periphery of the rotating drum.

[0101] In the context of this disclosure, the term "metallic material" is intended to mean a metallic component, such as a metallic sensor element in an aerosol generating article, configured to heat the aerosol generating matrix in the aerosol generating article when the aerosol generating article is consumed using an aerosol generating apparatus.

[0102] In the context of this disclosure, the terms "metal sensor element" and "sensor element" are intended to mean (e.g., in the form of a metal foil) a substantially layered metal element disposed in or adjacent to an aerosol generating matrix, and which can be heated by resistance or induction heating to cause the aerosol generating matrix to generate aerosols.

[0103] In the context of this disclosure, the term "non-metallic material" is intended to refer to components of aerosol-generating articles that are not made of metal. These components may include at least one of the following: paper (such as packaging paper, tipping paper, and tubular cardboard elements); aerosol-generating matrices (such as tobacco cast leaves, glycerin, guar gum, clove, menthol, and high-retention materials with nicotine content); filter materials (such as cellulose acetate tow or cellulose-based elements); and aerosol cooling components (such as paper, acetate, or polylactic acid materials).

[0104] In the context of this disclosure, the term "vibration table" is intended to refer to a mechanical component comprising a surface capable of vibrating at a desired vibration frequency and amplitude. Vibration may be substantially perpendicular to the plane of the surface. In some variations, vibration may alternatively or additionally occur in another plane, such as a plane parallel to the surface, or at an angle other than 90 degrees to the plane of the surface. The surface of the vibration table may be vibrated by means of a motor or by other suitable mechanism. The surface of the vibration table may be provided with raised side edges to facilitate the guidance of flow from one end of the surface to the other end.

[0105] In the context of this disclosure, the term "electrically grounded" is intended to mean connected to an electrical ground. An electrical ground can be the surface of the earth, or it can be a conductive component electrically connected to the surface of the earth. An electrical ground can be a large conductive component large enough to absorb charge without significantly changing its potential, such as the frame of a machine.

[0106] The invention is defined in the claims. However, a non-exhaustive list of non-limiting examples is provided below. Any one or more features of these examples may be combined with any one or more features of another example, embodiment, or aspect described herein.

[0107] Example Ex1: A method for separating metallic and non-metallic materials from an aerosol-generating article stream or from a waste stream generated during the manufacturing process of an aerosol-generating article, the method comprising:

[0108] i) passing the flow across the surface of the vibration table to physically separate the metallic material from the non-metallic material; and

[0109] ii) The flow is transferred from the surface of the vibration table to the electrically grounded conductive circumferential surface of a rotating cylinder having a substantially horizontal longitudinal axis of rotation, while the flow is bombarded with positive ions from at least one corona discharge electrode mounted adjacent to but not in contact with the conductive circumferential surface, so as to apply a positive charge to the material in the flow.

[0110] The metallic material in the flow loses the applied positive charge to the conductive circumferential surface faster than the non-metallic material;

[0111] The metallic material is thrown into the first receiving portion from the conductive circumferential surface within a first tangential direction; and

[0112] The non-metallic material is either thrown into the second receiving portion from the conductive circumferential surface within the second tangential direction range, or brushed into the second receiving portion from the conductive circumferential surface.

[0113] Example Ex2: According to the method of Example Ex1, the metallic material includes a sensor component of an aerosol-generating article.

[0114] Example Ex3: According to the method of Example Ex1 or Ex2, the non-metallic material includes at least one material selected from the list including: paper; aerosol generating matrix; tobacco cast leaves; other agricultural products such as clove, menthol and other flavorings; guar gum; glycerin; glue; ink; filter material; cellulose; cellulose acetate; cellulose acetate tow; and polylactic acid.

[0115] Example Ex4: According to the method of any of the preceding examples, the electrically grounded conductive circumferential surface has a negative charge.

[0116] Example Ex5: According to the method of any of the preceding examples, the cylinder rotates at a speed of 5 to 100 revolutions per minute, optionally at a speed of 20 to 80 revolutions per minute, optionally at a speed of 25 to 75 revolutions per minute, optionally at a speed of 30 to 60 revolutions per minute, optionally at a speed of 40 to 60 revolutions per minute, optionally at a speed of 40 to 50 revolutions per minute, optionally at a speed of about 50 revolutions per minute.

[0117] Example Ex6: According to the method of any of the preceding examples, the at least one corona discharge electrode comprises a conductive wire disposed substantially parallel to the axis of rotation of the rotating cylinder and substantially parallel to the conductive circumferential surface of the rotating cylinder.

[0118] Example Ex7: According to the method of Example Ex6, the conductive circumferential surface of the rotating cylinder has an imaginary highest line defined by a contact line between the top of the conductive circumferential surface and a substantially horizontal tangential plane.

[0119] Example Ex8: According to the method of Example Ex7, the conductive wire is substantially parallel to the imaginary highest line and is spaced from the imaginary highest line by a distance of 30 to 70 mm, optionally 40 to 60 mm, optionally 45 to 55 mm.

[0120] Example Ex9: According to the method of Example Ex7 or Ex8, the elevation angle between the conductive wire and the imaginary highest line is 30 to 60 degrees, optionally 40 to 50 degrees, optionally 43 to 47 degrees.

[0121] Example Ex10: According to any one of Examples Ex6 to Ex9, the vibration table is disposed on one side of the longitudinal rotation axis, and the conductive wire is disposed on the opposite side of the longitudinal rotation axis.

[0122] Example Ex11: The method according to any one of Examples Ex6 to Ex10, wherein the conductive wire has a diameter of 0.1 to 5 mm, optionally 1 to 4 mm, optionally 2 to 3 mm.

[0123] Example Ex12: The method according to any one of Examples Ex6 to Ex11, wherein the conductive wire is a tungsten wire.

[0124] Example Ex13: According to the method of any one of Examples Ex6 to Ex12, the conductive circumferential surface of the rotating cylinder has a width L1 measured along the axis of rotation, and the conductive wire is arranged at a distance L2 that is substantially parallel to the axis of rotation.

[0125] Example Ex14: Based on the method of Example Ex13, where L2 > L1.

[0126] Example Ex15: According to the method of any of the preceding examples, the at least one corona discharge electrode is charged to a potential of 10 to 35 kV, optionally 15 to 30 kV, optionally 25 to 30 kV.

[0127] Example Ex16: According to the method of any of the preceding examples, the at least one corona discharge electrode is supplied with a current of 15 to 1000 microamps, optionally 100 to 900 microamps, optionally 400 to 600 microamps.

[0128] Example Ex17: The method according to any of the preceding examples is carried out at a relative humidity of 5% to 75%, optionally 10% to 40%, optionally 12% to 20%.

[0129] Example Ex18: The method according to any of the foregoing examples further includes heating the flow on the surface of the vibration table.

[0130] Example Ex19: According to the method of any of the preceding examples, non-metallic material is brushed from the conductive circumferential surface into the second receiving portion by a brush roller.

[0131] Example Ex20: According to the method of any of the preceding examples, non-metallic material is brushed from the conductive circumferential surface into the second receiving portion by a blade.

[0132] Example Ex21: According to the method of any of the preceding examples, the surface of the vibration table is disposed in a plane, and the vibration table vibrates in a direction substantially perpendicular to the plane of the surface of the vibration table.

[0133] Example Ex22: According to the method of any of the preceding examples, the surface of the vibration table is disposed in a plane, and the plane is angled downward from the end furthest from the conductive circumferential surface to the end closest to the conductive circumferential surface at an angle of 5 to 35 degrees with respect to the horizontal plane, optionally at an angle of 10 to 30 degrees with respect to the horizontal plane, optionally at an angle of 12 to 17 degrees with respect to the horizontal plane, optionally at an angle of about 15 degrees with respect to the horizontal plane.

[0134] Example Ex23: According to the method of any of the preceding examples, the surface of the vibration table vibrates at a frequency of 5 to 100 Hz, optionally 30 to 60 Hz, optionally 40 to 50 Hz.

[0135] Example Ex24: According to the method of Example Ex21 or according to Example Ex22 or Ex23 which are subordinate to Example Ex21, the surface of the vibration table vibrates with a vibration amplitude of 1 to 6 mm, optionally 2 to 5 mm, optionally 3 to 4 mm.

[0136] Example Ex25: According to the method of any of the preceding examples, the surface of the vibration table has a proximal end to which the waste stream is supplied and a distal end located above the conductive circumferential surface of the rotating cylinder, wherein the waste stream travels from the proximal end to the distal end and from the distal end to the conductive circumferential surface.

[0137] Example Ex26: According to the method of Example Ex25, the surface of the vibration table has a vibration amplitude smaller than the interval between the distal end of the surface of the vibration table and the conductive circumferential surface, such that the distal end of the surface of the vibration table does not contact the conductive circumferential surface.

[0138] Example Ex27: According to the method of any of the preceding examples, the waste stream is transmitted across the surface of the vibration table at a flow rate of 0.5 to 4.5 tons / hour, optionally 1 to 4 tons / hour, optionally 2 to 3 tons / hour.

[0139] Example Ex28: According to the method of any of the preceding examples, the rotating cylinder has a diameter of 100 to 600 mm, optionally 200 to 550 mm, optionally 200 to 500 mm, optionally 250 to 500 mm, optionally 300 to 400 mm, optionally 300 to 350 mm, optionally about 350 mm.

[0140] Example Ex29: According to the method of any of the preceding examples, the conductive circumferential surface has a width of 300 to 1000 mm, optionally 600 to 900 mm, optionally 800 to 900 mm, measured along the longitudinal axis.

[0141] Example Ex30: According to the method of any of the preceding examples, the rotating cylinder is made of steel, optionally the rotating cylinder is made of stainless steel.

[0142] Example Ex31: According to the method of any of the preceding examples, the conductive circumferential surface comprises a titanium layer or a titanium alloy layer.

[0143] Example Ex32: According to the method of any of the preceding examples, the surface of the vibration table has a length of 300 to 2000 mm, optionally 600 to 1500 mm, optionally 1000 to 1250 mm.

[0144] Example Ex33: According to the method of any of the preceding examples, the surface of the vibration table has a width of 300 to 1000 mm, optionally 600 to 900 mm, optionally 700 to 800 mm.

[0145] Example Ex34: According to the method of any of the preceding examples, the surface of the vibration table is mounted on the frame by means of a spring member.

[0146] Example Ex35: According to the method of any of the preceding examples, the surface of the vibration table is vibrated by means of a motor.

[0147] Example Ex36: According to the method of any of the preceding examples, wherein before the waste stream is passed across the surface of the vibrating table, the aerosol-generated articles containing metallic and non-metallic materials in the circumferential packaging are treated by the following operation:

[0148] a) Align the aerosol-generated articles in the feed hopper such that the aerosol-generated articles are arranged such that their longitudinal axes are substantially parallel to each other and extend together.

[0149] b) The aerosol-generated article is fed from the feed hopper to the outer periphery of a rotating drum having a rotation axis, wherein the outer periphery includes a plurality of longitudinal grooves disposed substantially parallel to the rotation axis, and each longitudinal groove is configured to releasably receive at least one aerosol-generated article, wherein the longitudinal axis of each aerosol-generated article is substantially parallel to the rotation axis.

[0150] c) When the aerosol-generating articles are in the longitudinal grooves on the outer periphery of the rotating drum, at least the circumferential packaging of the aerosol-generating articles is cut along the longitudinal axis of each aerosol-generating article; and

[0151] d) After cutting the circumferential package, the aerosol-generated article is released from the outer periphery of the rotating drum.

[0152] Example Ex37: According to the method of Example Ex36, the aerosol-generated article is releasably held in the longitudinal groove by a magnetic field.

[0153] Example Ex38: According to the method of Example Ex36 or Ex37, the longitudinal groove is provided with an air hole.

[0154] Example Ex39: According to the method of Example Ex38, the aerosol-generated article is releasably held in the longitudinal groove by a controllable negative pressure applied to the air hole.

[0155] Example Ex40: According to the method of Example Ex38 or Ex39, the aerosol is discharged from the longitudinal groove to form an article by a controlled positive pressure applied to the air hole.

[0156] Example Ex41: According to the method of Example Ex39 or Ex40, the rotating drum includes a fixed inner portion and a rotating outer circumferential portion defining the outer perimeter.

[0157] Example Ex42: According to the method of Example Ex41, the fixed internal portion includes a longitudinal negative pressure air passage.

[0158] Example Ex43: According to the method of Example Ex42, the fixed internal portion includes a first at least one axial channel extending from the longitudinal negative pressure air channel toward the rotating outer circumferential portion, and wherein the first at least one axial channel communicates with an air hole of at least one longitudinal groove in the longitudinal groove when the at least one longitudinal groove is in a first predetermined rotational position.

[0159] Example Ex44: The method according to any one of Examples Ex41 to Ex43, wherein the fixed internal portion includes a longitudinal positive pressure air passage.

[0160] Example Ex45: According to the method of Example Ex44, the fixed internal portion includes a second at least one axial channel extending from the longitudinal positive pressure air channel toward the rotating outer circumferential portion, and wherein the second at least one axial channel communicates with an air hole of at least one longitudinal groove in the longitudinal groove when the at least one longitudinal groove is in a second predetermined rotational position.

[0161] Example Ex46: The method according to any one of Examples Ex36 to Ex45, wherein the metal material comprises substantially layered metal elements having a plane substantially centered along the longitudinal axis of each aerosol-generated article.

[0162] Example Ex47: According to the method of Example Ex46, which is subordinate to Example Ex37, the rotating drum includes at least one magnet that applies the magnetic field, and the magnetic field causes the aerosol generating article to rotate relative to the outer periphery of the rotating drum such that the plane of the substantially layered metal element is substantially parallel to the outer periphery of the rotating drum.

[0163] Example Ex48: The method according to any one of Examples Ex36 to Ex47, wherein in step c), the aerosol-generated article is cut open without cutting the metal material.

[0164] Example Ex49: The method according to any one of Examples Ex36 to Ex48, wherein in step c), a laser is used to cut the aerosol-generated article.

[0165] Example Ex50: The method according to any one of Examples Ex36 to Ex49, wherein in step c), the aerosol-generated article is cut using a blade cutting device.

[0166] Example Ex51: According to the method of Example Ex50, the blade cutting device includes a rotating blade.

[0167] Example Ex52: According to the method of Example Ex50, the blade cutting device includes a plurality of blades mounted on a drive belt.

[0168] Example Ex53: According to the method of Example Ex52, the drive belt is configured such that the plurality of blades cut in the longitudinal direction along the longitudinal axis of the aerosol-generated article on the outer periphery of the rotating drum.

[0169] Example Ex54: The method according to any one of Examples Ex36 to Ex53, wherein the rotating drum rotates in a stepwise manner, wherein the rotating drum is stationary during the cutting in step c).

[0170] Example Ex55: The method according to any one of Examples Ex36 to Ex54, wherein in step c), the aerosol-generated article is cut to a depth of up to 3 mm, optionally up to 2 mm.

[0171] Example Ex56: The method according to any one of Examples Ex36 to Ex55, wherein after step d), the aerosol-generated article is released or discharged onto a conveyor.

[0172] Example Ex57: According to the method of Example Ex56, the aerosol-generated article is conveyed on the conveyor to the surface of the vibration table.

[0173] Example Ex58: The method according to any one of Examples Ex36 to Ex55, wherein after step d), the aerosol-generated article is directly released onto the surface of the vibration table.

[0174] Example Ex59: A separation device in an aerosol-generating product waste treatment line for separating metallic and non-metallic materials from an aerosol-generating product stream or a waste stream generated during the manufacturing process of an aerosol-generating product, wherein the separation device comprises:

[0175] i) a vibration table having a surface, through which the flow is transmitted to physically separate the metallic material from the non-metallic material; and

[0176] ii) A cylinder having an electrically grounded conductive circumferential surface, the cylinder being rotatable about a substantially horizontal longitudinal axis of rotation;

[0177] iii) At least one corona discharge electrode, said at least one corona discharge electrode being mounted adjacent to but not in contact with the conductive circumferential surface and configured to apply a positive charge to the material in the flow;

[0178] The metallic material in the flow loses the applied positive charge to the conductive circumferential surface faster than the non-metallic material;

[0179] The rotatable cylinder is operable to throw metal material from the conductive circumferential surface into the first receiving portion within a first tangential direction range; and

[0180] The rotatable cylinder is operable to throw non-metallic material from the conductive circumferential surface into the second receiving portion within a second tangential direction range, or the blade or brush roller is operable to brush non-metallic material from the conductive circumferential surface into the second receiving portion.

[0181] Example Ex60: The device according to Example Ex59, wherein the metallic material includes a sensor component for aerosol generation articles.

[0182] Example Ex61: According to the apparatus of Example Ex59 or Ex60, the non-metallic material comprises at least one material selected from the list including: paper; aerosol generating matrix; tobacco cast leaves; other agricultural products such as clove, menthol, other flavorings; guar gum; glycerin; glue; ink; filter material; cellulose; cellulose acetate; cellulose acetate tow; and polylactic acid.

[0183] Example Ex62: A device according to any one of Examples Ex59 to Ex61, wherein the electrically grounded conductive circumferential surface has a negative charge.

[0184] Example Ex63: A device according to any one of Examples Ex59 to Ex62, wherein the cylinder is operable to rotate at a speed of 5 to 100 revolutions per minute, optionally at a speed of 20 to 80 revolutions per minute, optionally at a speed of 25 to 75 revolutions per minute, optionally at a speed of 30 to 60 revolutions per minute, optionally at a speed of 40 to 60 revolutions per minute, optionally at a speed of 40 to 50 revolutions per minute, optionally at a speed of about 50 revolutions per minute.

[0185] Example Ex64: The device according to any one of Examples Ex59 to Ex63, wherein the at least one corona discharge electrode comprises a conductive wire disposed substantially parallel to the axis of rotation of the rotatable cylinder and substantially parallel to the conductive circumferential surface of the rotatable cylinder.

[0186] Example Ex65: According to the device of Example Ex64, the conductive circumferential surface of the rotatable cylinder has an imaginary highest line defined by a contact line between the top of the conductive circumferential surface and a substantially horizontal tangential plane.

[0187] Example Ex66: According to the device of Example Ex65, the conductive wire is substantially parallel to the imaginary highest line and spaced from the imaginary highest line by a distance of 30 to 70 mm, optionally 40 to 60 mm, optionally 45 to 55 mm.

[0188] Example Ex67: The device according to Example Ex65 or Ex66, wherein the elevation angle between the conductive wire and the imaginary highest line is 30 to 60 degrees, optionally 40 to 50 degrees, optionally 43 to 47 degrees.

[0189] Example Ex68: An apparatus according to any one of Examples Ex64 to Ex67, wherein the vibration table is disposed on one side of the longitudinal rotation axis and the conductive wire is disposed on the opposite side of the longitudinal rotation axis.

[0190] Example Ex69: An apparatus according to any one of Examples Ex64 to Ex68, wherein the conductive wire has a diameter of 0.1 to 5 mm, optionally 1 to 4 mm, optionally 2 to 3 mm.

[0191] Example Ex70: A device according to any one of Examples Ex64 to Ex69, wherein the conductive wire is a tungsten wire.

[0192] Example Ex71: An apparatus according to any one of Examples Ex64 to Ex70, wherein the conductive circumferential surface of the rotatable cylinder has a width L1 measured along the axis of rotation, and wherein the conductive wire is arranged at a distance L2 measured substantially parallel to the axis of rotation.

[0193] Instance Ex72: The device based on Instance Ex71, where L2 > L1.

[0194] Example Ex73: The device according to any one of Examples Ex59 to Ex72, wherein the at least one corona discharge electrode is operable to be charged to a potential of 10 to 35 kV, optionally 15 to 30 kV, optionally 25 to 30 kV.

[0195] Example Ex74: The device according to any one of Examples Ex59 to Ex73, wherein the at least one corona discharge electrode is operable to supply a current of 15 to 1000 microamps, optionally 100 to 900 microamps, optionally 400 to 600 microamps.

[0196] Example Ex75: The apparatus according to any one of Examples Ex59 to Ex74 further includes a heater operable to heat the flow on the surface of the vibration table.

[0197] Example Ex76: An apparatus according to any one of Examples Ex59 to Ex75, comprising a brush roller operable to brush nonmetallic material from the conductive circumferential surface into the second receiving portion.

[0198] Example Ex77: An apparatus according to any one of Examples Ex59 to Ex76, comprising a blade operable to brush nonmetallic material from the conductive circumferential surface into the second receiving portion.

[0199] Example Ex78: An apparatus according to any one of Examples Ex59 to Ex77, wherein the surface of the vibration table is disposed in a plane, and wherein the vibration table is operable to vibrate in a direction substantially perpendicular to the plane of the surface of the vibration table.

[0200] Example Ex79: An apparatus according to any one of Examples Ex59 to Ex78, wherein the surface of the vibration table is disposed in a plane, and wherein the plane is angled downward from the proximal end to the distal end at an angle of 5 to 35 degrees with respect to the horizontal plane, optionally at an angle of 10 to 30 degrees with respect to the horizontal plane, optionally at an angle of 12 to 17 degrees with respect to the horizontal plane, optionally at an angle of about 15 degrees with respect to the horizontal plane.

[0201] Example Ex80: A device according to any one of Examples Ex59 to Ex79, wherein the surface of the vibration table is operable to vibrate at a frequency of 5 to 100 Hz, optionally 30 to 60 Hz, optionally 40 to 50 Hz.

[0202] Example Ex81: According to Example Ex78 or according to Example Ex79 or Ex80 which are subordinate to Example Ex78, the surface of the vibration table is operable to vibrate with a vibration amplitude of 1 to 6 mm, optionally 2 to 5 mm, optionally 3 to 4 mm.

[0203] Example Ex82: An apparatus according to any one of Examples Ex59 to Ex81, wherein the surface of the vibration table has a proximal end to which the waste stream is supplied, and a distal end located above a conductive circumferential surface of the rotatable cylinder, wherein the vibration table is operable to cause the waste stream to travel from the proximal end to the distal end and from the distal end to the conductive circumferential surface.

[0204] Example Ex83: According to the device of Example Ex82, the surface of the vibration table is configured to have a vibration amplitude smaller than the interval between the distal end of the surface of the vibration table and the conductive circumferential surface, such that the distal end of the surface of the vibration table does not contact the conductive circumferential surface.

[0205] Example Ex84: An apparatus according to any one of Examples Ex59 to Ex83, wherein the apparatus is configured to transmit the waste stream across the surface of the vibrating table at a flow rate of 0.5 to 4.5 tons / hour, optionally 1 to 4 tons / hour, optionally 2 to 3 tons / hour.

[0206] Example Ex85: The device according to any one of Examples Ex59 to Ex84, wherein the rotatable cylinder has a diameter of 100 to 600 mm, optionally 200 to 550 mm, optionally 200 to 500 mm, optionally 250 to 500 mm, optionally 300 to 400 mm, optionally 300 to 350 mm, optionally about 350 mm.

[0207] Example Ex86: A device according to any one of Examples Ex59 to Ex85, wherein the conductive circumferential surface has a width of 300 to 1000 mm, optionally 600 to 900 mm, or optionally 800 to 900 mm as measured along the longitudinal axis.

[0208] Example Ex87: The device according to any one of Examples Ex59 to Ex86, wherein the rotatable cylinder is made of steel, optionally wherein the rotatable cylinder is made of stainless steel.

[0209] Example Ex88: A device according to any one of Examples Ex59 to Ex87, wherein the conductive circumferential surface comprises a titanium layer or a titanium alloy layer.

[0210] Example Ex89: The apparatus according to any one of Examples Ex59 to Ex88, wherein the surface of the vibration table has a length of 300 to 2000 mm, optionally 600 to 1500 mm, optionally 1000 to 1250 mm.

[0211] Example Ex90: The apparatus according to any one of Examples Ex59 to Ex89, wherein the surface of the vibration table has a width of 300 to 1000 mm, optionally 600 to 900 mm, optionally 700 to 800 mm.

[0212] Example Ex91: The device according to any one of Examples Ex59 to Ex90, wherein the surface of the vibration table is mounted on a frame by means of a spring member.

[0213] Example Ex92: The device according to any one of Examples Ex59 to Ex91 further includes a motor configured to vibrate the surface of the vibration table.

[0214] Example Ex93: The device according to any one of Examples Ex59 to Ex92 further includes, at a location upstream of the surface of the vibration table:

[0215] a) A feed hopper in which aerosol-generating articles containing metallic and non-metallic materials in a circumferential package are arranged such that their longitudinal axes are substantially parallel to each other and extend together.

[0216] b) A rotatable drum having a rotation axis and an outer perimeter configured to receive an aerosol-generated article from the feed hopper, the outer perimeter including a plurality of longitudinal grooves disposed substantially parallel to the rotation axis, and wherein each longitudinal groove is configured to releasably receive at least one aerosol-generated article, wherein the longitudinal axis of each aerosol-generated article is substantially parallel to the rotation axis.

[0217] c) A cutting device configured to cut at least the circumferential packaging of the aerosol-generating articles along the longitudinal axis of each aerosol-generating article when the aerosol-generating articles are at the outer periphery of the rotatable drum; and

[0218] d) The rotatable roller is configured to release the aerosol-generated article from the outer periphery of the rotatable roller after the circumferential package has been cut.

[0219] Example Ex94: The device according to Example Ex93, wherein the longitudinal groove is provided with a magnet that can be releasably applied with a magnetic field to hold the aerosol-generating article in the longitudinal groove.

[0220] Example Ex95: The device according to Example Ex94, wherein the magnet comprises at least one permanent magnet.

[0221] Example Ex96: The device according to Example Ex94 or Ex95, wherein the magnet includes at least one electromagnet.

[0222] Example Ex97: A device according to any one of Examples Ex94 to Ex96, wherein each of the longitudinal grooves is provided with at least one magnet.

[0223] Example Ex98: A device according to any one of Examples Ex94 to Ex97, wherein the magnet includes an elongated magnetic member disposed along the opposite edges of the longitudinal groove.

[0224] Example Ex99: The device according to Example Ex98, wherein the elongated magnet member is configured to have opposite magnetic polarities on each of the longitudinal grooves.

[0225] Example Ex100: A device according to any one of Examples Ex93 to Ex98, wherein the longitudinal groove is provided with an air hole.

[0226] Example Ex101: The device according to Example Ex100 is configured to releasably retain the aerosol-generated article in the longitudinal groove by a controllable negative pressure applied to the air hole.

[0227] Example Ex102: The device according to Example Ex100 or Ex101 is configured to discharge the aerosol-generated article from the longitudinal groove by a controllable positive pressure applied to the air hole.

[0228] Example Ex103: The device according to Example Ex101 or Ex102, wherein the rotatable roller includes a fixed internal portion and a rotatable external circumferential portion defining the outer perimeter.

[0229] Example Ex104: According to the device of Example Ex103, the fixed internal portion includes a longitudinal negative pressure air passage.

[0230] Example Ex105: According to the device of Example Ex104, the fixed internal portion includes a first at least one axial channel extending from the longitudinal negative pressure air channel toward the rotatable outer circumferential portion, and wherein the first at least one axial channel is configured to communicate with an air hole of at least one longitudinal groove in the longitudinal groove when the at least one longitudinal groove is in a first predetermined rotational position.

[0231] Example Ex106: The device according to any one of Examples Ex103 to Ex105, wherein the fixed internal portion includes a longitudinal positive pressure longitudinal positive pressure air passage.

[0232] Example Ex107: According to the device of Example Ex106, the fixed internal portion includes a second at least one axial channel extending from the longitudinal positive pressure air channel toward the rotatable outer circumferential portion, and the second at least one axial channel is configured to communicate with an air hole of at least one longitudinal groove in the longitudinal groove when the at least one longitudinal groove is in a second predetermined rotational position.

[0233] Example Ex108: An apparatus according to Example Ex94 or any of Examples Ex95 to Ex107 belonging to Example Ex94, wherein the metal material comprises substantially layered metal elements having planes substantially centered along the longitudinal axis of each aerosol-generating article, and wherein the magnet is configured to apply a magnetic field to rotate the aerosol-generating article relative to the outer periphery of the rotatable drum such that the planes of the substantially layered metal elements are aligned substantially parallel to the outer periphery of the rotatable drum.

[0234] Example Ex109: An apparatus according to any one of Examples Ex94 to Ex108, wherein the cutting device is configured to cut the aerosol-generated article without cutting the metal material.

[0235] Example Ex110: The device according to any one of Examples Ex94 to Ex109, wherein the cutting device is a laser cutting device.

[0236] Example Ex111: The device according to any one of Examples Ex94 to Ex109, wherein the cutting device is a blade cutting device.

[0237] Example Ex112: The device according to Example Ex111, wherein the blade cutting device includes a rotating blade.

[0238] Example Ex113: According to the device of Example Ex111, the blade cutting device includes a plurality of blades mounted on a drive belt.

[0239] Example Ex114: The apparatus according to Example Ex113, wherein the drive belt is configured such that the plurality of blades cut in the longitudinal direction along the longitudinal axis of the aerosol-generating article on the outer periphery of the rotatable drum.

[0240] Example Ex115: An apparatus according to any one of Examples Ex93 to Ex114, wherein the rotatable roller is configured to rotate in a stepwise manner, wherein the rotatable roller is stationary when the cutting device cuts the circumferential packaging of the aerosol-generated article.

[0241] Example Ex116: An apparatus according to any one of Examples Ex93 to Ex115, wherein the cutting device is configured to cut the aerosol-generated article to a depth of up to 3 mm, optionally up to 2 mm.

[0242] Example Ex117: The apparatus according to any one of Examples Ex93 to Ex116 further includes a conveyor, on which the aerosol-generating article is released after step d).

[0243] Example Ex118: The apparatus according to Example Ex117, wherein the conveyor is configured to convey the aerosol-generated article onto the surface of the vibration table.

[0244] Example Ex119: An apparatus according to any one of Examples Ex93 to Ex116, wherein the rotatable roller is configured to release the aerosol-generating article directly onto the surface of the vibration table after step d). Attached Figure Description

[0245] The examples will now be described further with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0246] Figure 1 An exemplary strip-shaped aerosol-generated article is shown in schematic form;

[0247] Figure 2A separation device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown in schematic form;

[0248] Figure 3 The operation is illustrated in schematic form. Figure 2 The equipment;

[0249] Figure 4 It is shown in schematic form Figure 2 and Figure 3 Waste material components on the conductive circumferential surface of the rotating drum of the equipment;

[0250] Figure 5 It shows Figure 2 and Figure 3 A more detailed schematic diagram of the corona discharge electrodes of the device (plan view);

[0251] Figure 6 It shows Figure 2 and 3 Three schematic diagrams of the electrically grounded rotating cylinder and corona discharge electrode of the equipment;

[0252] Figure 7 It shows Figure 2 and Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the dimensional relationship between the conductive circumferential surface of the rotating cylinder of the device and the vibration table;

[0253] Figure 8 A schematic plan view is shown. Figure 2 and Figure 3 The equipment;

[0254] Figure 9 A schematic diagram is shown. Figure 2 and Figure 3 Front and end elevation views of the vibration table of the equipment;

[0255] Figure 10 A schematic diagram is shown. Figure 2 and Figure 3 The rotating cylinder of the equipment and its grounded conductive circumferential surface;

[0256] Figure 11 A cutting device including a feed hopper and a rotating drum is shown schematically.

[0257] Figure 12 Shown separately in schematic form Figure 11 Rotating drum;

[0258] Figure 13 A schematic diagram showing a cross-section of an aerosol-generated article positioned near a magnet is shown;

[0259] Figure 14 A schematic diagram of a side view of a cutting device with a rotating blade is shown;

[0260] Figure 15 A schematic diagram of an alternative cutting device including a laser cutting unit is shown; and

[0261] Figure 16 A schematic diagram showing the dimensional arrangement of the aerosol-generating article, the metal sensor element, and the cutting device is provided. Detailed Implementation

[0262] Figure 1 An exemplary strip-shaped aerosol generating article 1, comprising various components arranged end-to-end, is illustrated schematically. For example, in Figure 1 The article 1 shown includes a porous filter element 11 made of cellulose acetate tow and provided with filter tip segments of packaging paper 111, a rear hollow cellulose acetate tow tube element 12, a front hollow cellulose acetate tow tube element 13 provided with rod packaging paper 131, an aerosol generating matrix 14 provided with rod packaging paper 141 and including a metal sensor element 142, and a front rod cellulose acetate tow element 15 provided with rod packaging paper 151. The rear hollow cellulose acetate tow tube element 12, the front hollow cellulose acetate tow tube element 13, the aerosol generating matrix 14, and the front rod cellulose acetate tow element 15 are all wrapped together in packaging paper 161 and then connected to the porous filter element 11 by means of splicing paper 121.

[0263] exist Figure 1 In this context, the filter tip section packaging paper 111, the rod packaging paper 131, 141, 151, the packaging paper 161, and the tipping paper 121 can all be considered as circumferential packaging materials and non-metallic components.

[0264] exist Figure 1 In this design, the porous filter element 11, the rear hollow cellulose acetate bundle element 12, the front hollow cellulose acetate bundle element 13, the aerosol generating matrix 14, and the front rod cellulose acetate bundle element 15 can all be considered as non-metallic components.

[0265] exist Figure 1 In this context, the metal sensor element 142 can be considered as a metal component.

[0266] The precise structural details of Product 1 are not particularly important, but it should be noted that Product 1 has a complex structure, which may make it difficult to separate its components from each other for recycling and environmentally responsible disposal.

[0267] Article 1 may have a length L of 42 to 105 mm, preferably 55 to 95 mm, and most preferably 60 to 80 mm. Article 1 may have a diameter D of 4.1 to 9.0 mm, preferably 6.1 to 8.2 mm, and most preferably 6.5 to 7.5 mm.

[0268] The metal sensor element 142, shown in more detail on the right side of article 1, may have a generally layered shape, with a length I of 5.0 to 20.0 mm, preferably 7.0 to 17.0 mm, most preferably 10.0 to 14.0 mm, a width J of 3.1 to 8.0 mm, preferably 3.5 to 7.0 mm, most preferably 4.0 to 5.0 mm, and a thickness K of 0.01 to 0.2 mm, preferably 0.05 to 0.15 mm, most preferably 0.075 to 0.1 mm. The metal sensor element 142 may be in the form of a metal foil.

[0269] The metal sensor element 142 can be made, for example, of a 304 stainless steel alloy with a nickel coating of thickness between 10 and 30 micrometers, but other metal materials can be used.

[0270] Figure 2A separation apparatus 300 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated in schematic form. The separation apparatus 300 includes a feed hopper 301 positioned above the proximal end of a vibration table 320, wherein the feed hopper 301 is designed to receive and contain a waste stream comprising either aerosol-generating article 1 or pre-treated aerosol-generating article 1. The aerosol-generating article 1 may include aerosol-generating articles 1 rejected during manufacturing due to non-compliance with quality standards, or it may be used aerosol-generating articles 1 collected from an end user or from a testing machine. Optionally, the aerosol-generating article 1 may have been pre-treated to expose its internal components, for example, by cutting or tearing one or more of the circumferential packaging 111, 121, 131, 141, 151, 161. Therefore, the waste stream contains both metallic and non-metallic materials. The feed hopper 301 distributes the waste stream material onto the vibration table 320 in a controlled manner. For example, the flow of waste material from the feed hopper 301 to the vibrating table 320 can be controlled by the material discharge rate of the feed hopper 320. The feed hopper 320 can be configured to allow the waste material to be uniformly distributed across the width of the vibrating table 320. Positioned at the distal end of the vibrating table 320 is a rotating cylinder 330 having an electrically grounded conductive circumferential surface, which rotates about an axis 332 and is grounded via the axis. The cylinder 330 rotates in one direction to transport the waste material away from the vibrating table 320. Positioned above the rotating cylinder 330 is a corona discharge electrode 310, which is configured to be charged to a high potential and apply a positive charge to the corresponding components of the waste material flow on the electrically grounded conductive circumferential surface of the rotating cylinder 330. The electrode 310 can be a tungsten wire arranged generally parallel to the axis of rotation of the rotating cylinder 330 and spaced apart from the conductive circumferential surface. The electrode 310 is used to bombard the waste material flow with positive ions, thus applying a positive charge to the waste material flow. Electrode 310 is supplied with power from power source 311 via electrical connection 312. Positioned below and in contact with the grounded conductive circumferential surface of the rotating drum 330 is a brush roller 331, which rotates in the same direction as the rotating drum 330 and is designed to remove non-metallic waste material components from the grounded conductive circumferential surface of the rotating drum 330. Two waste material collection hoppers are positioned below the rotating drum 330, with a first metallic waste material collection container 303 positioned further away from the rotating drum 330 and a second non-metallic waste material collection container 302 positioned closer to the rotating drum 330. The first container 303 and the second container 302 are not necessarily limited to bins, but may be separate chutes to transport the separated metallic and non-metallic components of the waste stream, for example, via a separate conveyor system or vacuum material transport line (not shown), to another processing station. Optionally, heater 313 is positioned above and towards the proximal end of the vibrating table 320.Heater 313 can heat the waste stream to reduce the relative humidity of the waste stream, thereby potentially causing better separation of metallic and non-metallic materials.

[0271] Figure 3 The operation is illustrated in schematic form. Figure 2 The device 300 primarily focuses on an electrostatic separation mechanism. A mixture of metallic sensor elements 142 and non-metallic materials 410 (collectively referred to as the waste stream) is fed from the feed hopper 301 across the surface of the vibrating table 320 toward the rotating drum 330 and its negatively charged electrically grounded conductive circumferential surface. Once the waste stream is on the conductive circumferential surface of the rotating drum 330, the components of the waste stream become positively charged by bombardment of positive ions from the corona discharge electrode 310. Figure 4 As shown, because the metal receptors 142 are conductive, they rapidly lose the induced positive charge to the negatively charged conductive circumferential surface of the rotating drum 330, and thus lose or reduce their electrostatic attraction Fi to the conductive circumferential surface of the rotating drum 330. This results in a centrifugal force Fc generated by the rotation of the rotating drum 330 being higher than the low attractive force between the conductive circumferential surface and the metal receptor elements 142, thus allowing the conductive metal receptor elements 142 to be tangentially ejected from the conductive circumferential surface of the rotating drum 330 within a first tangential direction and into the first receiving portion 303. Conversely, the non-conductive, non-metallic components 410 of the waste stream retain the induced positive charge for a longer period of time, and therefore remain attracted to the negatively charged conductive circumferential surface of the rotating drum 330 for a longer period of time. The centrifugal force Fc applied to the non-metallic component by the rotation of the rotating cylinder 330 is not high enough to overcome the electrostatic attraction Fi until a certain amount of positive charge has been dissipated. At this point, the non-metallic component 410 is tangentially ejected from the conductive circumferential surface of the rotating cylinder 330 within the second tangential direction and enters the second receiving portion 302. In this way, it is possible to separate the conductive metallic material 142 and the non-conductive non-metallic material 410 based on the tangential direction along which they are ejected from the rotating cylinder 330 by the centrifugal force Fc applied by the rotational action. Furthermore, if any non-metallic component 410 remains attached to the conductive circumferential surface, a brush roller 331 can be provided to clean these components 410 from the bottom of the rotating cylinder 330 into the corresponding second receiving portion 302.

[0272] Figure 4 Waste material components 142, 410 and electrode 310 on the conductive circumferential surface of the rotating cylinder 330 are shown in schematic form. Figure 4 The electrostatic attraction Fi, gravity Fg, centrifugal force Fc, and aerodynamic drag Fa are also shown.

[0273] Table 1 lists some numerical examples of components 142 and 410 of different masses on the conductive circumferential surface of a rotating cylinder 330 with a diameter of 350 mm rotating at 50 rpm.

[0274] Table 1:

[0275]

[0276] Table 2 lists some numerical parameters for different types of components 142 and 410.

[0277] Table 2:

[0278]

[0279] Table 3 lists some preferred ranges for electrostatic attraction Fi (electromagnetic force):

[0280] Table 3:

[0281]

[0282] Figure 5 A plan view showing a more detailed schematic diagram of the corona discharge electrode 310 and electrical connection 312 is provided. The corona discharge electrode 310 is positioned above the conductive circumferential surface of the rotating cylinder 330 and generates positively charged ions. The ion-generating corona discharge electrode 310 assembly includes a tungsten filament having a length L2 that corresponds at least to the width L1 of the conductive circumferential surface of the rotating cylinder 330. For example, if the width of the conductive circumferential surface of the rotating cylinder 330 is 1000 mm, then the length of the tungsten filament should be greater than 1000 mm. The power supply 311 can be configured to charge the corona discharge electrode 310 to a potential of 10 to 35 kiloelectron volts.

[0283] Tables 4 and 5 list some preferred dimensions and parameters:

[0284] Table 4:

[0285]

[0286] Table 5:

[0287]

[0288] Figure 6Three schematic diagrams are shown of the electrically grounded rotating cylinder 330 and the corona discharge electrode 310. For clarity, three diagrams have been made to clearly indicate the dimensional relationships between these components. The tungsten filament electrode 310 is positioned at an angle a between 30 and 60 degrees, preferably approximately 45 degrees, relative to the horizontal plane of the highest point of the conductive circumferential surface of the rotating cylinder 330. The ion generating electrode 310 is spaced 30 to 70 mm, preferably approximately 50 mm, from the horizontal plane of the highest point of the conductive circumferential surface of the rotating cylinder 330. The ion generating electrode 310 is charged to a potential between 10 and 35 kV, preferably approximately 25 kV. A higher potential increases the relative charge on the waste flow components, and therefore the attraction Fi between the non-metallic component 410 and the conductive circumferential surface of the rotating cylinder 330 is higher. However, if the potential of the corona discharge electrode 310 is too high, a direct arc discharge may occur between the conductive circumferential surface of the rotating cylinder 330 and the corona discharge electrode 310. This arc discharge applies a temporary positive charge to the conductive circumferential surface of the rotating cylinder 330, and thus the attraction Fi between the positively charged non-metallic component 410 of the waste stream and the normally negatively charged conductive circumferential surface of the rotating cylinder 330 may no longer exist. This may prevent the separation of the corresponding metallic and non-metallic components of the material waste stream, and should be avoided.

[0289] Table 6 lists some preferred values ​​for a and b:

[0290] Table 6:

[0291]

[0292] Figure 7A schematic diagram showing the dimensional relationship between the conductive circumferential surface of the rotating cylinder 330 and the vibration table 320 is provided. The distal end of the vibration table 320 is positioned adjacent to the highest point of the conductive circumferential surface of the rotating cylinder 330. The rotating cylinder 330 is positioned such that the highest point of the conductive circumferential surface (reaching the highest point of the circumferential surface through the longitudinal rotation axis of the rotating roller 330) is positioned below the bottom surface of the distal end of the vibration table 320. The distal end of the vibration table 320 has a gap L3 above the highest point of the circumferential surface, at least equal to the vibration amplitude of the vibration table, to prevent collision between the distal end of the vibration table 320 and the circumferential surface. In this way, each corresponding part can move freely in a desired manner. The vibration table 320 may have a vibration frequency between 5 and 100 Hz, more preferably between about 30 and 60 Hz, and most preferably about 50 Hz. The vibration table 320 may have a vibration amplitude in the range of 1 to 6 mm, substantially perpendicular to the plane of the surface of the vibration table 320. Therefore, depending on the vibration amplitude, the gap L3 can be in the range of at least 1.5 to 7 mm. The vibration table 320 can be positioned at an angle between 10 and 35 degrees, more preferably at an angle of about 15 degrees relative to the horizontal plane. This angle applies a downward tilt on the vibration table 320 from the proximal end to the distal end (proximal end higher than distal end). In this way, the waste stream travels from the proximal end of the vibration table 320 toward the distal end of the vibration table 320 as the vibration table 320 vibrates.

[0293] Figure 8 A schematic plan view is shown. Figure 2 and Figure 3 The device 300 includes a feed hopper 301, a vibrating table 320, a conductive circumferential surface of a rotating cylinder 330, a shaft 332, a corona discharge electrode wire 310, a first accommodating part 303, and a second accommodating part 302.

[0294] Figure 9A front elevation view and an end elevation view of a vibration table 320 are schematically shown. The vibration table 320 has an upper surface 323, which may be made of steel (e.g., stainless steel). The upper surface 323 is mounted on a frame 322 by means of a spring member 321. The frame 322 may also be made of steel (e.g., stainless steel). The spring member 321 may be made of steel (e.g., low-alloy steel, cold-formed steel, oil-tempered steel, bainitic hardening steel, or stainless steel). Preferably, the spring member 321 is made of spring steel (e.g., C55S, C60S, C67S, C100S, 51CrV4, or 80CrV2). A motor 325 is mounted to the underside of the upper surface 323 of the vibration table 320, and operation of the motor 325 causes the upper surface 323 to vibrate relative to the frame 322 on the spring member 321. The upper surface 323 may have a length of 300 to 2000 mm, preferably 600 to 1500 mm, and most preferably 1000 to 1250 mm. The upper surface 323 may have a width of 300 to 1000 mm, preferably 600 to 900 mm, and most preferably 700 to 800 mm.

[0295] Figure 10 A schematic diagram illustrates a rotating cylinder 330 and its grounded, conductive circumferential surface. The rotating cylinder rotates about a shaft 132. The shaft 132 may have a length of 500 to 1200 mm, preferably 700 to 1000 mm, and most preferably 800 to 900 mm. The rotating cylinder 330 may have a length of 300 to 1000 mm, preferably 600 to 900 mm, and most preferably 700 to 800 mm. The shaft 132 may have a diameter of 50 to 100 mm, preferably 60 to 90 mm, and most preferably 70 to 80 mm. The rotating cylinder 330 may have a diameter of 200 to 550 mm, preferably 250 to 500 mm, and most preferably 300 to 350 mm. The rotating cylinder 330 may have a body made of steel (preferably stainless steel, such as 316 stainless steel). The conductive circumferential surface of the rotating cylinder 330 may be titanium coated. The shaft may also be made of steel (preferably stainless steel, such as 316 stainless steel).

[0296] Figure 11 The apparatus 10, which includes a feed hopper 110 and a rotating drum 100, is shown in schematic form. Figure 12 Shown separately in schematic form Figure 11 Rotating drum 100.

[0297] Figure 11 and Figure 12 Device 10 can be set Figure 2 and Figure 3 The device is located upstream of the equipment 300 and is used to cut open the aerosol-generating article 1 so as to expose the internal components of the aerosol-generating article 1 before it is passed across the vibration table 320.

[0298] A plurality of aerosol-generating articles 1, each having an embedded metal sensor element 142, are aligned in a feed hopper 110 such that their longitudinal axes are substantially parallel to each other and extend together. The metal sensor element 142 is embedded in the aerosol-generating matrix 14, and each aerosol-generating article 1 includes at least one circumferential package 153 (e.g., Figure 1 (One or more of the packaging materials 111, 121, 131, 141, 151, 161). The rotary drum 100 is arranged adjacent to the feed hopper 110 such that the feed hopper 110 can feed the aerosol-generated article 1 to the outer periphery of the rotary drum 100. The rotary drum 100 has a longitudinal central axis of rotation, and Figure 11 The rotating drum 100 is configured to rotate clockwise. Its outer periphery includes a plurality of longitudinal grooves 114 arranged substantially parallel to the axis of rotation. Each longitudinal groove 114 is configured to releasably receive at least one aerosol-generating article 1, wherein the longitudinal axis of each aerosol-generating article 1 is substantially parallel to the axis of rotation. Each longitudinal groove 114 may have a length sufficient to receive two or more aerosol-generating articles 1 arranged end-to-end, but in some embodiments, the longitudinal groove 114 may be configured to receive only one aerosol-generating article 1 at a time.

[0299] Figure 11 and Figure 12 The rotating drum 100 of the embodiment includes a fixed inner portion 102 and a rotating outer peripheral portion 101 that defines the outer periphery of the rotating drum 100.

[0300] The fixed internal portion 102 includes a longitudinal negative pressure air passage 160 and a longitudinal positive pressure air passage 112. Negative and positive air pressure are provided to the air passages 160 and 112 at one or both ends of the fixed internal portion 102, respectively.

[0301] The first axial channel 180 extends from the longitudinal negative pressure air channel 160 toward the rotating outer circumferential portion 101 in the direction toward the output port of the feed hopper 110. The first axial channel 180 is located in the upper half of the rotating drum 100.

[0302] An air hole 181 is provided in the longitudinal groove 114 in the rotating outer peripheral portion 101. The air hole 181 can be longitudinally distributed along the base of the longitudinal groove 114.

[0303] When the rotating outer circumferential portion 101 is aligned relative to the fixed inner portion 102 such that one of the longitudinal grooves 114 aligns with the output port of the feed hopper 110, the air hole 181 in the base of the longitudinal groove 114 aligns with the first axial channel 180, and air is drawn into the longitudinal negative pressure air channel 160 through the air hole 181 and the first axial channel 180. This facilitates the transfer of the aerosol-generated article 1 from the output port of the feed hopper 110 to the longitudinal groove 114 and allows for proper placement of the aerosol-generated article 1 in the longitudinal groove 114.

[0304] A magnet 120 is also provided at the edge of the longitudinal groove 114. The magnet 120 can be a permanent magnet or an electromagnet. Figure 11 and Figure 12 In one embodiment, magnet 120 includes an elongated magnetic member disposed along opposite edges of a longitudinal groove 114. Magnet 120 is configured to apply a magnetic field within the longitudinal groove 114, the magnetic field interacting with a metallic sensor element 142 of the aerosol-generating article 1 on a rotatable outer circumferential portion 101 of the rotating drum 100. The magnetic field helps retain the aerosol-generating article 1 within the longitudinal groove 114 as the rotating outer circumferential portion 101 rotates about a fixed inner portion 102, even when the longitudinal groove 114 has rotated away from the first axial channel 180 and negative pressure is not supplied to the air holes 181 of the longitudinal groove 114.

[0305] Device 10 also includes Figure 11 The cutting device 200 is schematically shown. The cutting device 200 is positioned further away from the feed hopper 110 relative to the rotation direction of the rotating drum 100. The cutting device 200, which may include a laser or blade cutting device, is configured to cut at least the circumferential package 153 of each aerosol-generating article 1 along its longitudinal axis when the aerosol-generating article 1 is in a longitudinal groove 114 on the outer periphery of the rotating drum 100. The cutting device 200 is described in further detail below. Figure 11 An aerosol-generating article 1, including a longitudinal cut 250, is shown in a longitudinal groove 114. The longitudinal cut 250, which extends at least through the circumferential packaging 153, helps to expose the internal components of the aerosol-generating article 1 and facilitates the separation of metal and non-metal components from each other.

[0306] The second axial channel 182 extends from the longitudinal positive pressure air channel 112 toward the rotating outer circumferential portion 101 in a direction toward the lower side of the rotating drum 100. The second axial channel 182 is located in the lower half of the rotating drum 100.

[0307] When the rotating outer circumferential portion 101 is aligned relative to the fixed inner portion 102 such that one of the longitudinal grooves 114 is at a predetermined position on the underside of the rotating drum 100, the air hole 181 in the base of the longitudinal groove 114 is aligned with the second axial channel 182, and air will be blown from the longitudinal positive pressure air channel 112 through the air hole 181 and the second axial channel 182. This will help to discharge the aerosol-generated article 1 from the longitudinal groove 114 by providing sufficient force to overcome the magnetic field applied by the magnet 120.

[0308] In embodiments where magnet 120 is an electromagnet, it may not be necessary to provide a longitudinal positive pressure air channel 112 and a second axial channel 182. Alternatively, the electromagnet magnet 120 in the associated longitudinal groove 114 may be temporarily shut off, and the aerosol-generating article 1 may be released and fall from the longitudinal groove 114 under gravity.

[0309] exist Figure 11 The device 10 shown also includes a surface 130 disposed below the rotating drum 100. The cut aerosol-generating article 1 is released from the longitudinal groove 114 of the rotating drum 100 onto the surface 130. In some embodiments, the surface 130 may be... Figure 2 and Figure 3 The surface of the vibration table 320. In other embodiments, surface 130 may be the surface of a conveyor, and the conveyor may transport the aerosol-generated article 1 to the surface of the vibration table 320.

[0310] Figure 13 It shows passing through the vicinity of magnet 120 (also) Figure 11 A schematic cross-section of the aerosol generating article 1 (shown in the diagram) is shown. The aerosol generating article 1 includes an internal metal sensor element 142 in the form of a layered metal element having a plane substantially centered along the longitudinal axis of the aerosol generating article 1. Magnets 120 at the edge of the longitudinal groove 114 are configured to apply a magnetic field that interacts with the metal sensor element 142 so that the plane of the magnetic sensor element 142 becomes substantially parallel to the outer periphery of the rotating drum 100.

[0311] Therefore, magnet 120 can perform two different functions. First, magnet 120 can help hold the aerosol-generating article 1 in the longitudinal groove 114 by magnetically interacting with the metal sensor element 142. Second, magnet 120 can help rotate the aerosol-generating article 1 in the longitudinal groove 114 such that the plane of the metal sensor element 142 is generally parallel or tangential to the outer periphery of the rotating drum 100. This second function is advantageous because it allows the aerosol-generating article 1 to be rotated in the longitudinal groove 114 in such a way that the risk of the metal sensor element 142 being cut by the cutting device 200 is reduced. The desired rotational orientation of the aerosol-generating article 1 is achieved by means of the side edges of the metal sensor element 142 being closest to magnet 120 when the aerosol-generating article 1 is in the correct rotational orientation. The cutting device 200 can cut to a depth that almost penetrates the longitudinal axis of each aerosol-generating article 1 without cutting the metal sensor element 142. This is advantageous because it is desirable to avoid generating small metal cuts that might be more difficult to separate from the non-metallic parts in subsequent steps. It is also desirable to cut through the circumferential packaging 153 to a sufficient depth to facilitate the subsequent opening of the cut aerosol-generated article 1, and to facilitate the separation of the metal and non-metallic parts, as well as the separation of the different non-metallic parts from each other.

[0312] Figure 14 A schematic side view of a cutting device 200 with a rotating blade 201 is shown. In one embodiment, the rotating blade 201 includes a drive belt 204 on which a plurality of blades 202 are disposed, separated by gaps 203. The drive belt 204 passes over a drive wheel 210 and around a tail wheel 211, thus forming a continuously rotating arrangement. The alternating series of blades 202 and gaps 203 can be configured to hook the rotation of the rotating drum 100 with the rotation of the drive belt 204 and the blades 202, so as to ensure that the blades 202 do not collide with the non-recessed surface portion of the rotating drum 100 or remove the aerosol-generating article 1 from the longitudinal groove, while only cutting through a portion of the circumferential packaging and optionally non-metallic internal components along the longitudinal axis of the aerosol-generating article 1. This arrangement is advantageous because it does not require any vertical movement of the rotating blade 201 assembly. In use, the cutting device 200 is positioned above the rotating drum 100 and is designed to cut one or more circumferential packages of aerosol-generating articles 1 held in longitudinal grooves 114 positioned on the outer periphery of the rotating drum 100.

[0313] Figure 15A schematic diagram of an alternative cutting device including a laser cutting unit 225 is shown. The laser cutting unit 225 includes one or more laser sources 226 that generate one or more laser beams 227. The laser source 226 may be, for example, a 60-watt carbon dioxide laser with a wavelength of 10.64 micrometers. Other laser sources 226 suitable for cutting at least circumferential packaging of the aerosol-generating article 1 may be used. In use, the laser cutting unit 225 is positioned above the rotating drum 100, and the one or more laser sources 226 are electronically controlled to generate one or more laser beams 227 to make longitudinal cuts along the length of one or more aerosol-generating articles 1 held within a longitudinal groove 114. The electronic control of the laser cutting unit 225 ensures that the laser sources 226 are activated only at the appropriate time when the aerosol-generating article 1 is in the correct cutting position. Additionally, and not shown, an aerosol-generating article 1 detection sensor may be present to ensure that the laser cutting unit 225 is not activated if the aerosol-generating article 1 is not positioned within the longitudinal groove 114. In this way, damage to the outer periphery of the rotating drum 100 can be avoided by the laser cutting unit 225.

[0314] Figure 16 A schematic diagram showing the dimensional arrangement of the aerosol generating article 1, the metal receptor element 142, and the cutting device 200 is illustrated. In an embodiment configured to process the aerosol generating article 1 with a diameter of approximately 7 mm, the cutting device 200 may be configured not to cut beyond a depth of approximately 2 mm from the outermost circumferential surface of the aerosol generating article 1, in order to reduce the risk of accidentally cutting the metal receptor element 142 (which could generate small metal particles). It should be understood that different cutting depths will be suitable for aerosol generating articles 1 of different sizes.

[0315] Once the waste stream has been separated into its respective metallic and non-metallic components, the metallic sensor element 142 can be recovered by smelting or other means to recover the corresponding constituent metals. Other components 410 (i.e., paper, filters, and tobacco) can be slurried by adding water and applying pressure and heat. The resulting slurry can be disposed of by composting or other recycling methods. Alternatively, specific portions of the non-metallic material 410 can be separated from each other and, as appropriate, recycled or disposed of in an environmentally responsible manner.

[0316] For the purposes of this specification and the appended claims, unless otherwise indicated, all figures representing quantities, quantities, percentages, etc., shall be understood to be modified by the term "about" in all cases. Furthermore, all ranges include the disclosed maximum and minimum points, and include any intermediate ranges that may be specifically listed or not listed herein. Thus, in this context, the number A is understood to be A ± 5% of A. In this context, the number A can be considered to include a value within the general standard error for the measurement of the property modified by the number A. In some cases used in the appended claims, the number A may deviate from the percentages listed above, provided that the amount of deviation from A does not materially affect the essential and novel features of the claimed invention. Moreover, all ranges include the disclosed maximum and minimum points, and include any intermediate ranges that may be specifically listed or not listed herein.

Claims

1. A method of separating metallic material from non-metallic material in a stream of aerosol-generating articles or in a waste stream generated during a manufacturing process for aerosol-generating articles, the method comprising: passing the stream onto an electrically grounded conductive circumferential surface of a rotating drum having a substantially horizontal longitudinal axis of rotation, while bombarding the stream with positive ions from at least one corona discharge electrode mounted adjacent to but not in contact with the conductive circumferential surface, so as to apply a positive charge to the material in the stream; wherein the at least one corona discharge electrode comprises a conductive filament that is disposed substantially parallel to the axis of rotation of the rotating drum and substantially parallel to the conductive circumferential surface of the rotating drum; wherein metallic material in the stream loses the applied positive charge to the conductive circumferential surface more quickly than non-metallic material; wherein metallic material is thrown from the conductive circumferential surface into a first receptacle in a first tangential direction range; and wherein non-metallic material is thrown from the conductive circumferential surface into a second receptacle in a second tangential direction range, or brushed from the conductive circumferential surface into a second receptacle.

2. The method of claim 2, wherein the drum is rotated at a speed of 5 to 100 revolutions per minute, optionally at a speed of 20 to 80 revolutions per minute, optionally at a speed of 25 to 75 revolutions per minute, optionally at a speed of 30 to 60 revolutions per minute, optionally at a speed of 40 to 60 revolutions per minute, optionally at a speed of 40 to 50 revolutions per minute, optionally at a speed of approximately 50 revolutions per minute.

3. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the conductive circumferential surface of the rotating drum has an imaginary highest line defined by a line of contact between a top of the conductive circumferential surface and a substantially horizontal tangential plane; wherein the conductive filament is substantially parallel to the imaginary highest line, and spaced apart from the imaginary highest line by a distance of 30 to 70 millimetres, optionally 40 to 60 millimetres, optionally 45 to 55 millimetres; and optionally wherein the conductive filament has an elevation angle to the imaginary highest line of 30 to 60 degrees, optionally 40 to 50 degrees, optionally 43 to 47 degrees.

4. The method of any preceding claim, wherein the at least one corona discharge electrode is charged to a potential of 10 to 35 kilovolts, optionally 15 to 30 kilovolts, optionally 25 to 30 kilovolts.

5. The method of any preceding claim, wherein the at least one corona discharge electrode is supplied with a current of 15 to 1000 microamperes, optionally 100 to 900 microamperes, optionally 400 to 600 microamperes.

6. The method of any preceding claim, wherein the stream is passed across a surface of a vibrating table to physically separate the metallic material from the non-metallic material, before the stream is passed onto the conductive circumferential surface.

7. The method of claim 6, further comprising heating the stream on the surface of the vibrating table.

8. The method of claim 6 or 7, wherein the surface of the vibration table has a proximal end to which the waste stream is supplied and a distal end located above the electrically conductive circumferential surface of the rotating drum, wherein the waste stream travels from the proximal end to the distal end and from the distal end onto the electrically conductive circumferential surface.

9. The method of any preceding claim, wherein prior to passing the waste stream onto the electrically conductive circumferential surface, aerosol-generating articles comprising metallic and non-metallic material in a circumferential wrapper are processed by: a) aligning the aerosol-generating articles in a feed hopper such that their longitudinal axes are substantially parallel and co-extensive with one another; b) feeding the aerosol-generating articles from the feed hopper to an outer periphery of a rotating drum having a rotational axis, wherein the outer periphery comprises a plurality of longitudinal grooves disposed substantially parallel to the rotational axis, and each longitudinal groove is configured to releasably receive at least one aerosol-generating article, wherein the longitudinal axis of each aerosol-generating article is substantially parallel to the rotational axis; c) cutting at least the circumferential wrapper of each aerosol-generating article along its longitudinal axis while the aerosol-generating article is in a longitudinal groove on the outer periphery of the rotating drum; and d) releasing the aerosol-generating articles from the outer periphery of the rotating drum after cutting the circumferential wrapper.

10. A separation apparatus for use in an aerosol-generating article waste processing line to separate metallic material from non-metallic material in a stream of aerosol-generating articles or waste generated during a manufacturing process for aerosol-generating articles, wherein the separation apparatus comprises: i) a drum having an electrically grounded, electrically conductive circumferential surface onto which the stream of waste is passed, the drum being rotatable about a substantially horizontal longitudinal rotational axis; and ii) at least one corona discharge electrode mounted adjacent to but not in contact with the electrically conductive circumferential surface and configured to apply a positive charge to the material in the stream, the corona discharge electrode comprising an electrically conductive wire disposed substantially parallel to the rotational axis of the rotatable drum and substantially parallel to the electrically conductive circumferential surface of the rotatable drum; wherein the metallic material in the stream loses the applied positive charge to the electrically conductive circumferential surface more quickly than the non-metallic material; wherein the rotatable drum is operable to throw metallic material from the electrically conductive circumferential surface into a first receptacle in a first tangential direction range; and wherein the rotatable drum is operable to throw non-metallic material from the electrically conductive circumferential surface into a second receptacle in a second tangential direction range, or wherein a blade or brush roll is operable to brush non-metallic material from the electrically conductive circumferential surface into a second receptacle. ​ ​ ​ 11. Apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the drum is operable to rotate at a speed of 5 to 100 revolutions per minute, optionally at a speed of 20 to 80 revolutions per minute, optionally at a speed of 25 to 75 revolutions per minute, optionally at a speed of 30 to 60 revolutions per minute, optionally at a speed of 40 to 60 revolutions per minute, optionally at a speed of 40 to 50 revolutions per minute, optionally at a speed of approximately 50 revolutions per minute.

12. Apparatus according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the electrically conductive circumferential surface of the rotatable drum has an imaginary highest line defined by a line of contact between a top of the electrically conductive circumferential surface and a substantially horizontal tangential plane; wherein the electrically conductive filaments are substantially parallel to the imaginary highest line, and are spaced apart from the imaginary highest line by a distance of 30 to 70 millimetres, optionally 40 to 60 millimetres, optionally 45 to 55 millimetres; and optionally wherein the electrically conductive filaments have an elevation angle of 30 to 60 degrees, optionally 40 to 50 degrees, optionally 43 to 47 degrees, to the imaginary highest line.

13. Apparatus according to any one of claims 10 to 12, further comprising a vibrating table having a surface across which the stream of waste is passed to physically separate the metallic material from the non-metallic material prior to passing the stream of waste onto the electrically conductive circumferential surface.

14. Apparatus according to claim 13, further comprising a heater operable to heat the stream on the surface of the vibrating table.

15. Apparatus according to any one of claims 10 to 14, further comprising at a location upstream of the electrically conductive circumferential surface: a) a feed hopper in which aerosol-generating articles comprising metallic material and non-metallic material in circumferential wrappers are arranged with their longitudinal axes substantially parallel and coextensive with one another; b) a rotatable drum having a rotational axis and an outer periphery configured to receive aerosol-generating articles from the feed hopper, the outer periphery comprising a plurality of longitudinal grooves arranged substantially parallel to the rotational axis, and wherein each longitudinal groove is configured to releasably receive at least one aerosol-generating article with a longitudinal axis of each aerosol-generating article substantially parallel to the rotational axis; c) a cutting device configured to cut through at least the circumferential wrapper of each aerosol-generating article along the longitudinal axis of each aerosol-generating article while the aerosol-generating articles are on the outer periphery of the rotatable drum; and d) the rotatable drum is configured to release the aerosol-generating articles from the outer periphery of the rotatable drum after the circumferential wrappers have been cut. ​

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