An absorption device and method for hydrocarbon waste gas

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of industrial waste gas treatment and resource recovery technology, specifically to an absorption device and method for hydrocarbon waste gas, comprising: a filter tower body, the surface of which is connected to a waste gas inlet pipe, a waste gas outlet pipe, a lean liquid inlet, and a rich liquid outlet; the interior of the filter tower body is provided with a liquid distributor, a cyclone tube, and a vortex-type rotating ring; the cyclone tube is connected to the waste gas inlet pipe, and a spiral plate is provided inside the cyclone tube; the vortex-type rotating ring is located at the top of the cyclone tube; by setting up the cyclone tube and the vortex-type rotating ring, the hydrocarbon waste gas flows upward through the cyclone tube, and generates swirling flow through the spiral plate, forming a high-speed rotating upward airflow. The rising waste gas drives the lower and upper ring plates to rotate through the guide vanes, and then is ejected through the side of the vortex-type rotating ring. When the airflow is ejected through the side of the vortex-type rotating ring, the undulation of the guide vanes creates a violent turbulence, effectively improving its mixing and mass transfer efficiency with the falling lean liquid absorbent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of industrial waste gas treatment and resource recovery technology, specifically to an absorption device and method for hydrocarbon waste gases. Background Technology

[0002] In petrochemical industry tank farms, the "large breathing" (loading and unloading) and "small breathing" (day-night temperature differences) processes generate large amounts of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) containing aromatics such as benzene, toluene, and xylene, as well as halogenated hydrocarbons such as dichloromethane and trichloroethylene. These VOCs not only cause serious environmental pollution and safety hazards but also lead to the loss of valuable raw materials. Absorption is a commonly used VOCs recovery technology due to its relatively simple process and wide applicable concentration range.

[0003] Commonly used absorption devices, such as packed towers and spray towers, have the following problems when treating waste gases like tank farm gas, which have large fluctuations in volume, low to medium pollutant concentrations, but discontinuous emissions:

[0004] 1. Limited mass transfer efficiency: Traditional towers rely on packing to provide gas-liquid contact area. At low gas velocities, the liquid distribution is uneven, and at high gas velocities, flooding is prone to occur, resulting in poor dynamic adaptability.

[0005] 2. Large solvent circulation volume: In order to achieve a high recovery rate, a large liquid-to-gas ratio is often required, which leads to high energy consumption of the solvent circulation pump and a large load on subsequent solvent regeneration. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide an absorption device and method for hydrocarbon waste gases to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0008] An absorption device for hydrocarbon waste gas includes:

[0009] The filter tower body has an exhaust gas inlet pipe, an exhaust gas outlet pipe, a lean liquid inlet, and a rich liquid outlet connected to its surface. The filter tower body is equipped with a liquid distributor, a cyclone tube, and a vortex fan-type moving ring inside.

[0010] The cyclone tube is connected to the exhaust gas inlet pipe, and a spiral plate is provided inside the cyclone tube, which causes the gas passing through the cyclone tube to swirl.

[0011] The vortex-type rotating ring is disposed at the top of the cyclone tube. The vortex-type rotating ring includes a lower ring plate and an upper ring plate. A guide vane is disposed between the lower ring plate and the upper ring plate. The liquid distributor is disposed above the vortex-type rotating ring.

[0012] Preferably, the exhaust gas inlet pipe is located at the bottom of the side of the filter tower body, and the exhaust gas inlet pipe is used to send exhaust gas into the interior of the filter tower body.

[0013] Preferably, the exhaust pipe is located at the top of the filter tower and is used to discharge the purified gas from the filter tower. A demister is connected to the middle of the exhaust pipe.

[0014] Preferably, the lean liquid inlet is located at the top of the side of the filter tower body. The lean liquid inlet is connected to the liquid distributor. The lean liquid inlet sends the liquid used to purify the waste gas into the interior of the liquid distributor, and then the liquid is sprinkled into the interior of the filter tower body through the liquid distributor.

[0015] Preferably, the cyclone tube has a conical structure with a top diameter smaller than the bottom diameter, and the cyclone tube is vertically connected to one end of the exhaust gas inlet pipe located inside the filter tower.

[0016] Preferably, the lower ring plate is rotatably connected to the top of the cyclone tube via a bearing, and the airflow ejected from inside the cyclone tube drives the lower ring plate and the upper ring plate to rotate synchronously through the guide vane.

[0017] Preferably, a water curtain generating plate is fixedly provided on the top surface of the upper ring plate. The water curtain generating plate has a spiral plate structure, and the side of the water curtain generating plate near the middle of the upper ring plate is set as an inclined surface. A return groove is opened on the surface of the water curtain generating plate, and an installation beam is provided above the upper ring plate.

[0018] Preferably, both ends of the mounting beam are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the filter tower. A fixed shaft and a mounting base are connected to the side of the mounting beam near the upper ring plate. The fixed shaft is rotatably connected to the upper ring plate through a bearing. A translation chamber is formed on the surface of the mounting base. A translation guide rod is fixedly installed inside the translation chamber. A translation plate is slidably installed inside the translation chamber. The translation plate is slidably sleeved on the surface of the translation guide rod. A first compression spring is provided at the end of the translation plate away from the fixed shaft. A lifting groove is formed on the bottom surface of the translation plate. A scraper plate is provided below the translation plate. The scraper plate is slidably installed inside the return groove. A lifting guide rod is installed on the surface of the scraper plate. The lifting guide rod is slidably inserted into the lifting groove. A second compression spring is provided at the top of the lifting guide rod. A scraper clearance groove is formed at the bottom of the scraper plate. The scraper plate is slidably connected to the water curtain generating plate through the scraper clearance groove. A static mixing component is provided above the mounting beam.

[0019] Preferably, the static mixing component is disposed between the mounting beam and the liquid distributor. The static mixing component includes multiple sets of fixed frames, which are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the filter tower. Each set of fixed frames is provided with multiple sets of baffles inside. The multiple sets of fixed frames are overlapped, and the baffles inside the multiple sets of fixed frames are staggered.

[0020] A method for absorbing hydrocarbon waste gas specifically includes the following steps:

[0021] Step 1: Hydrocarbon waste gas is introduced into the interior of the cyclone tube through the waste gas inlet pipe. The waste gas flows upward through the cyclone tube and generates a vortex through the spiral plate, forming a high-speed rotating and rising airflow.

[0022] Step 2: The lean liquid absorbent is introduced into the interior of the liquid distributor through the lean liquid inlet. After being atomized by the liquid distributor, it is sprayed downwards. The lean liquid absorbent is one or a mixture selected from triethylene glycol dipropyl ether, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, and triethylene glycol monobutyl ether.

[0023] Step 3: After the exhaust gas passes through the cyclone tube and forms a high-speed rotating and rising airflow, it enters the interior of the turbofan rotating ring. The guide vanes drive the lower ring plate and the upper ring plate to rotate, and then the airflow is ejected through the side of the turbofan rotating ring. When the airflow is ejected through the side of the turbofan rotating ring, the undulation of the guide vanes creates a violent turbulence. At the same time, the rotation of the upper ring plate drives the water curtain generating plate to rotate synchronously, further shearing and scattering the liquid falling on the surface of the upper ring plate, forming a dynamic and constantly renewed water curtain, which mixes with the gas ejected from the side of the turbofan rotating ring. During the rotation of the water curtain generating plate, the scraper continuously scrapes the surface of the upper ring plate and the water curtain generating plate. At the same time, the water curtain generating plate drives the scraper to move away from the center of the upper ring plate through the scraper clearance groove, pushing the scraped waste to the outside of the upper ring plate. When the scraper is aligned with the return groove, the scraper returns to its original position under the rebound force of the first compression spring.

[0024] Step 4: After the gas-liquid mixture enters the static mixing component, under the action of multiple sets of staggered baffles, the falling liquid and the rising gas-liquid mixture are cut and merged multiple times, and the gas flow channel changes continuously to achieve deep mixing and mass transfer of gas and liquid.

[0025] Step 5: The purified gas enters the exhaust pipe at the top of the filter tower and passes through a demister to remove the rich liquid in the gas before being discharged in compliance with standards.

[0026] Step 6: The rich liquid that has absorbed the organic matter in the waste gas collects at the bottom of the tower and is discharged from the rich liquid outlet to the solvent regeneration system.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0028] 1. By setting up a cyclone tube and a turbine-type rotating ring, hydrocarbon waste gas flows upward through the cyclone tube and generates swirling flow through the spiral plate, forming a high-speed rotating and rising airflow. The rising waste gas drives the lower and upper ring plates to rotate through the guide vanes, and then is ejected through the side of the turbine-type rotating ring. When the airflow is ejected through the side of the turbine-type rotating ring, the undulation of the guide vanes creates a violent turbulence, which effectively improves the mixing and mass transfer efficiency with the falling lean absorbent.

[0029] 2. By setting up a water curtain generating plate, the upper ring plate rotates simultaneously, driving the water curtain generating plate to rotate synchronously. This further shears and sprays the liquid falling onto the surface of the upper ring plate, forming a dynamic and constantly renewed water curtain. This water curtain mixes with the gas sprayed from the side of the turbine-type moving ring, further improving the mixing and mass transfer efficiency with the falling lean absorbent.

[0030] 3. By setting up a scraper, the scraper continuously scrapes the surface of the upper ring plate and the water curtain generating plate during the rotation of the water curtain generating plate. At the same time, the water curtain generating plate moves the scraper away from the center of the upper ring plate through the scraper clearance groove, pushing the scraped waste to the outside of the upper ring plate. When the scraper is aligned with the return groove, the scraper returns to its original position under the rebound force of the first compression spring, preventing waste from accumulating on the surface of the upper ring plate and affecting the formation of the water curtain. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the static hybrid component of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the turbine-type rotating ring of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the scraper plate of the present invention.

[0037] In the diagram: 1. Filter tower body; 11. Exhaust gas inlet pipe; 12. Exhaust gas outlet pipe; 121. Demister; 13. Lean liquid inlet; 14. Rich liquid outlet; 2. Liquid distributor; 3. Swirl tube; 31. Spiral plate; 4. Turbine-type moving ring; 41. Lower ring plate; 42. Upper ring plate; 421. Water curtain generating plate; 422. Return groove; 43. Guide plate; 5. Mounting beam; 51. Fixed shaft; 52. Mounting seat; 521. Shifting chamber; 522. Shifting guide rod; 53. Shifting plate; 531. First compression spring; 532. Lifting groove; 54. Scraper plate; 541. Lifting guide rod; 542. Second compression spring; 543. Scraper clearance groove; 6. Static mixing component; 61. Fixed frame; 62. Baffle plate. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To more clearly illustrate the overall concept of the present invention, a detailed description will be provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0039] It should be noted that many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0040] Furthermore, in the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0041] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral unit; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. However, specifying a direct connection indicates that the two connected entities do not establish a connection relationship through an intermediate structure, but are simply connected to form a whole through a connecting structure. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0042] In this invention, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the first feature "on" or "below" the second feature may be in direct contact with the first and second features, or indirect contact through an intermediate medium. In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0043] Please see the appendix Figure 1 To be continued Figure 6 As shown, the present invention provides an absorption device for hydrocarbon waste gas, comprising:

[0044] A filter tower body 1 is provided, with an exhaust gas inlet pipe 11, an exhaust gas outlet pipe 12, a lean liquid inlet 13, and a rich liquid outlet 14 connected to its surface. The exhaust gas inlet pipe 11 is located at the bottom of the side of the filter tower body 1 and is used to introduce exhaust gas into the interior of the filter tower body 1. The exhaust gas outlet pipe 12 is located at the top of the filter tower body 1 and is used to discharge the purified gas from the filter tower body 1. A demister 121 is connected to the middle of the exhaust gas outlet pipe 12. The lean liquid inlet 13 is provided with... The lean liquid inlet 13 is located on the top side of the filter tower body 1 and is connected to the liquid distributor 2. The lean liquid inlet 13 sends the liquid used to purify the waste gas into the interior of the liquid distributor 2, and then sprays it into the interior of the filter tower body 1 through the liquid distributor 2. The interior of the filter tower body 1 is provided with the liquid distributor 2, the swirling tube 3, and the vortex-type moving ring 4. The swirling tube 3 has a conical structure with a top diameter smaller than the bottom diameter. The swirling tube 3 is vertically connected to one end of the waste gas inlet pipe 11 located inside the filter tower body 1.

[0045] The swirling tube 3 is connected to the exhaust gas inlet pipe 11. The swirling tube 3 is provided with a spiral plate 31 inside, which causes the gas passing through the swirling tube 3 to swirl.

[0046] The turbofan-type rotating ring 4 is disposed at the top of the cyclone tube 3. The turbofan-type rotating ring 4 includes a lower ring plate 41 and an upper ring plate 42. A guide vane 43 is disposed between the lower ring plate 41 and the upper ring plate 42. The lower ring plate 41 is rotatably connected to the top of the cyclone tube 3 via a bearing. The airflow ejected from inside the cyclone tube 3 drives the lower ring plate 41 and the upper ring plate 42 to rotate synchronously through the guide vane 43. A water curtain generating plate 421 is disposed on the surface of the upper ring plate 42. The water curtain generating plate 421 is fixedly disposed on the top surface of the upper ring plate 42. The water curtain generating plate 421 has a spiral plate structure, and the water... The water curtain generating plate 421 has an inclined surface on one side near the middle of the upper ring plate 42. A return groove 422 is formed on the surface of the water curtain generating plate 421. An installation beam 5 is provided above the upper ring plate 42, with both ends of the installation beam 5 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the filter tower body 1. A fixed shaft 51 and a mounting base 52 are connected to the side of the installation beam 5 near the upper ring plate 42. The fixed shaft 51 is rotatably connected to the upper ring plate 42 via a bearing. A translation chamber 521 is formed on the surface of the mounting base 52, and a translation guide rod 522 is fixedly installed inside the translation chamber 521. The translation chamber 521 slides inside. A translation plate 53 is provided, which is slidably sleeved on the surface of the translation guide rod 522. A first compression spring 531 is provided at the end of the translation plate 53 away from the fixed shaft 51. A lifting groove 532 is formed on the bottom surface of the translation plate 53. A scraper plate 54 is provided below the translation plate 53, which is slidably disposed inside the return groove 422. A lifting guide rod 541 is installed on the surface of the scraper plate 54 and is slidably inserted into the lifting groove 532. A second compression spring 542 is provided at the top of the lifting guide rod 541. The bottom of the brush plate 54 is provided with a scraper clearance groove 543. The scraper plate 54 is slidably connected to the water curtain generating plate 421 through the scraper clearance groove 543. A static mixing component 6 is provided above the mounting beam 5. The static mixing component 6 is located between the mounting beam 5 and the liquid distributor 2. The static mixing component 6 includes multiple sets of fixing frames 61. The fixing frames 61 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the filter tower body 1. Multiple sets of baffles 62 are provided inside each set of fixing frames 61. The multiple sets of fixing frames 61 are overlapped, and the baffles 62 inside the multiple sets of fixing frames 61 are staggered.

[0047] A method for absorbing hydrocarbon waste gas specifically includes the following steps:

[0048] Step 1: Hydrocarbon waste gas is introduced into the interior of the cyclone tube 3 through the waste gas inlet pipe 11. The waste gas flows upward through the cyclone tube 3 and generates swirl through the spiral plate 31, forming a high-speed rotating and rising airflow.

[0049] Step 2: The lean liquid absorbent is introduced into the liquid distributor 2 through the lean liquid inlet 13. After being atomized by the liquid distributor 2, it is sprayed downward. The lean liquid absorbent is one or a mixture selected from triethylene glycol dipropyl ether, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, and triethylene glycol monobutyl ether.

[0050] Step 3: After the exhaust gas passes through the cyclone tube 3 and forms a high-speed rotating and rising airflow, it enters the interior of the turbofan-type moving ring 4. The guide vanes 43 drive the lower ring plate 41 and the upper ring plate 42 to rotate, and then the airflow is ejected through the side of the turbofan-type moving ring 4. As the airflow is ejected through the side of the turbofan-type moving ring 4, the fluctuation of the guide vanes 43 creates intense turbulence. Simultaneously, the rotation of the upper ring plate 42 drives the water curtain generating plate 421 to rotate synchronously, further shearing and scattering the liquid falling onto the surface of the upper ring plate 42, forming a dynamic and continuous... The updated water curtain mixes with the gas ejected from the side of the turbine-type rotating ring 4. During the rotation of the water curtain generating plate 421, the scraper 54 continuously scrapes the surface of the upper ring plate 42 and the water curtain generating plate 421. At the same time, the water curtain generating plate 421 drives the scraper 54 to move away from the center of the upper ring plate 42 through the scraper clearance groove 543, pushing the scraped waste to the outside of the upper ring plate 42. When the scraper 54 is aligned with the return groove 422, the scraper 54 returns to its original position under the rebound force of the first compression spring 531.

[0051] Step 4: After the gas-liquid mixture enters the static mixing component 6, under the action of multiple sets of staggered baffles 62, the falling liquid and the rising gas-liquid mixture are cut and merged multiple times, and the gas flow channel changes continuously to achieve deep mixing and mass transfer of gas and liquid.

[0052] Step 5: The purified gas enters the exhaust pipe 12 at the top of the filter tower 1, and is discharged after the rich liquid contained in the gas is removed by the demister 121 and meets the emission standards.

[0053] Step 6: The rich liquid that has absorbed the organic matter in the waste gas collects at the bottom of the tower and is discharged from the rich liquid outlet 14 to the solvent regeneration system.

[0054] This invention proposes an absorption device for hydrocarbon waste gas. In use, the hydrocarbon waste gas is introduced into the interior of the cyclone tube 3 through the waste gas inlet pipe 11. The waste gas flows upward through the cyclone tube 3 and generates a vortex through the spiral plate 31, forming a high-speed rotating and rising airflow. At the same time, the lean absorbent is introduced into the interior of the waste gas exhaust pipe 12 through the lean absorbent inlet 13. After being atomized by the waste gas exhaust pipe 12, it is sprayed downward. The lean absorbent is selected from one or more of triethylene glycol dipropyl ether, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, and triethylene glycol monobutyl ether. The rising waste gas drives the lower ring plate 41 and the upper ring plate 42 to rotate through the guide plate 43, and then is sprayed out through the side of the turbine-type moving ring 4. When the airflow is sprayed out through the side of the turbine-type moving ring 4, the undulation of the guide plate 43 forms a violent turbulence, which effectively improves the mixing and mass transfer efficiency with the falling lean absorbent.

[0055] As a further improvement of the present invention, by setting a water curtain generating plate 421, the upper ring plate 42 rotates while driving the water curtain generating plate 421 to rotate synchronously, further shearing and spraying the liquid falling on the surface of the upper ring plate 42 to form a dynamic and constantly renewed water curtain, which mixes with the gas sprayed from the side of the turbine-type moving ring 4, further improving its mixing and mass transfer efficiency with the falling lean liquid absorbent.

[0056] As a further improvement of the present invention, by setting a scraper plate 54, the scraper plate 54 continuously scrapes the surface of the upper ring plate 42 and the water curtain generating plate 421 during the rotation of the water curtain generating plate 421. At the same time, the water curtain generating plate 421 drives the scraper plate 54 to move away from the center of the upper ring plate 42 through the scraper clearance groove 543, pushing the scraped waste to the outside of the upper ring plate 42. When the scraper plate 54 is aligned with the return groove 422, the scraper plate 54 returns to its original position under the rebound force of the first compression spring 531, so as to avoid the accumulation of waste on the surface of the upper ring plate 42 and affect the formation of the water curtain.

[0057] As a further improvement of the present invention, by setting a static mixing component 6, the gas-liquid mixture enters the static mixing component 6. Under the action of multiple sets of staggered baffles 62, the falling liquid and the rising gas-liquid mixture are cut and merged multiple times, and the gas flow channel changes continuously, so as to achieve deep mixing and mass transfer of gas and liquid, and further improve its mixing and mass transfer efficiency with the falling lean liquid absorbent.

[0058] Those skilled in the art should understand that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is merely exemplary and is not intended to imply that the scope of the invention (including the claims) is limited to these examples; within the framework of the invention, the technical features of the above embodiments or different embodiments can also be combined, the steps can be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the invention as described above, which are not provided in the details for the sake of brevity.

[0059] This invention is intended to cover all such substitutions, modifications, and variations that fall within the broad scope of the appended claims. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this invention should be included within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. An absorption device for hydrocarbon waste gas, characterized in that, include: The filter tower body (1) is connected to the surface of the filter tower body (1) with an exhaust gas inlet pipe (11), an exhaust gas outlet pipe (12), a lean liquid inlet (13), and a rich liquid outlet (14). The filter tower body (1) is equipped with a liquid distributor (2), a swirl tube (3), and a vortex fan-type moving ring (4). The swirling tube (3) is connected to the exhaust gas inlet pipe (11), and a spiral plate (31) is provided inside the swirling tube (3). The spiral plate (31) causes the gas passing through the swirling tube (3) to swirl. The vortex-type rotating ring (4) is disposed on the top of the vortex tube (3). The vortex-type rotating ring (4) includes a lower ring plate (41) and an upper ring plate (42). A guide plate (43) is disposed between the lower ring plate (41) and the upper ring plate (42). The liquid distributor (2) is disposed above the vortex-type rotating ring (4).

2. The absorption device for hydrocarbon waste gas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The exhaust gas inlet pipe (11) is located at the bottom of the side of the filter tower body (1), and the exhaust gas inlet pipe (11) is used to send exhaust gas into the interior of the filter tower body (1).

3. The absorption device for hydrocarbon waste gas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The exhaust pipe (12) is located at the top of the filter tower (1). The exhaust pipe (12) is used to discharge the purified gas from the filter tower (1). A demister (121) is connected to the middle of the exhaust pipe (12).

4. The absorption device for hydrocarbon waste gas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lean liquid inlet (13) is located on the top of the side of the filter tower body (1). The lean liquid inlet (13) is connected to the liquid distributor (2). The lean liquid inlet (13) sends the liquid used to purify the waste gas into the interior of the liquid distributor (2) and then sprays it into the interior of the filter tower body (1) through the liquid distributor (2).

5. The absorption device for hydrocarbon waste gas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cyclone tube (3) has a conical structure with a top diameter smaller than the bottom diameter. The cyclone tube (3) is vertically connected to one end of the exhaust gas inlet pipe (11) located inside the filter tower body (1).

6. The absorption device for hydrocarbon waste gas according to claim 3, characterized in that, The lower ring plate (41) is rotatably connected to the top of the swirling tube (3) via a bearing. The airflow ejected from inside the swirling tube (3) drives the lower ring plate (41) and the upper ring plate (42) to rotate synchronously via the guide plate (43).

7. The absorption device for hydrocarbon waste gas according to claim 6, characterized in that, A water curtain generating plate (421) is fixedly installed on the top surface of the upper ring plate (42). The water curtain generating plate (421) has a spiral plate structure and the side of the water curtain generating plate (421) near the middle of the upper ring plate (42) is set as an inclined surface. A return groove (422) is opened on the surface of the water curtain generating plate (421). An installation beam (5) is provided above the upper ring plate (42).

8. The absorption device for hydrocarbon waste gas according to claim 7, characterized in that, The two ends of the mounting beam (5) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the filter tower body (1). A fixed shaft (51) and a mounting base (52) are connected to the side of the mounting beam (5) near the upper ring plate (42). The fixed shaft (51) is rotatably connected to the upper ring plate (42) through a bearing. A translation chamber (521) is provided on the surface of the mounting base (52). A translation guide rod (522) is fixedly installed inside the translation chamber (521). A translation plate (53) is slidably installed inside the translation chamber (521). The translation plate (53) is slidably sleeved on the surface of the translation guide rod (522). A first compression spring (531) is provided at the end of the translation plate (53) away from the fixed shaft (51). A lifting groove (532) is provided on the bottom surface of the plate (53). A scraper plate (54) is provided below the translation plate (53). The scraper plate (54) is slidably disposed inside the return groove (422). A lifting guide rod (541) is installed on the surface of the scraper plate (54). The lifting guide rod (541) is slidably inserted into the lifting groove (532). A second compression spring (542) is provided at the top of the lifting guide rod (541). A scraper clearance groove (543) is provided at the bottom of the scraper plate (54). The scraper plate (54) is slidably connected to the water curtain generating plate (421) through the scraper clearance groove (543). A static mixing component (6) is provided above the mounting beam (5).

9. The absorption device for hydrocarbon waste gas according to claim 8, characterized in that, The static mixing component (6) is disposed between the mounting beam (5) and the liquid distributor (2). The static mixing component (6) includes multiple sets of fixed frames (61). The fixed frames (61) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the filter tower (1). Each set of fixed frames (61) is provided with multiple sets of baffles (62). The multiple sets of fixed frames (61) are overlapped, and the baffles (62) inside the multiple sets of fixed frames (61) are staggered.

10. A method for absorbing hydrocarbon waste gas, implemented according to the absorption device for hydrocarbon waste gas according to claim 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Hydrocarbon waste gas is introduced into the interior of the cyclone tube (3) through the waste gas inlet pipe (11). The waste gas flows upward through the cyclone tube (3) and generates swirl through the spiral plate (31), forming a high-speed rotating and rising airflow. Step 2: The lean liquid absorbent is introduced into the interior of the liquid distributor (2) through the lean liquid inlet (13), and sprayed downward after being atomized by the liquid distributor (2). The lean liquid absorbent is selected from one or more of triethylene glycol dipropyl ether, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, and triethylene glycol monobutyl ether. Step 3: After the exhaust gas passes through the cyclone tube (3) and forms a high-speed rotating and rising airflow, it enters the interior of the turbofan-type moving ring (4). The guide vanes (43) drive the lower ring plate (41) and upper ring plate (42) to rotate. The exhaust gas is then ejected through the side of the turbofan-type moving ring (4). As the airflow is ejected through the side of the turbofan-type moving ring (4), the fluctuations of the guide vanes (43) create intense turbulence. Simultaneously, the rotation of the upper ring plate (42) drives the water curtain generating plate (421) to rotate synchronously, further shearing and scattering the liquid falling onto the surface of the upper ring plate (42), forming a dynamic and continuously renewing flow. The water curtain mixes with the gas ejected from the side of the turbine-type rotating ring (4). During the rotation of the water curtain generating plate (421), the scraper plate (54) continuously scrapes the surface of the upper ring plate (42) and the water curtain generating plate (421). At the same time, the water curtain generating plate (421) drives the scraper plate (54) to move away from the center of the upper ring plate (42) through the scraper clearance groove (543), pushing the scraped waste to the outside of the upper ring plate (42). When the scraper plate (54) is aligned with the return groove (422), the scraper plate (54) resets under the rebound force of the first compression spring (531). Step 4: After the gas-liquid mixture enters the static mixing component (6), under the action of multiple sets of staggered baffles (62), the falling liquid and the rising gas-liquid mixture are cut and merged multiple times, and the gas flow channel changes continuously to achieve deep mixing and mass transfer of gas and liquid. Step 5: The purified gas enters the exhaust pipe (12) at the top of the filter tower (1) and passes through the demister (121) to remove the rich liquid contained in the gas before being discharged in compliance with standards. Step 6: The rich liquid that has absorbed the organic matter in the waste gas is collected at the bottom of the tower and discharged from the rich liquid outlet (14) and sent to the solvent regeneration system.

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