Special bearing device for electric power equipment transportation and design method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a special bearing device for electric power equipment transportation and a design method thereof, which are characterized in that the device comprises a plurality of bearing units, the bearing units are connected into a whole or are arranged side by side at intervals in the length direction, each bearing unit comprises a wooden tray and a plurality of damping balls arranged at the bottom of the wooden tray, and the damping balls are arranged at the bottom of the wooden tray. The design method comprises the steps that the size of the wooden tray is determined according to the size of the base of the electric power equipment to be loaded, the number of the vibration reduction balls is determined, calculation is conducted according to the uniform bearing capacity of each vibration reduction ball, and it is guaranteed that the bearing capacity of a single ball does not exceed 1 / 6 of the ultimate bearing capacity of the single ball. The device is simple in structure and convenient to use, the single-time application cost can be effectively reduced, repeated use is achieved, vibration and impact loads borne by electric power equipment in the transportation process can be reduced, and the risk of damage to transported goods is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a load-bearing device, specifically to a special load-bearing device for transporting power equipment and its design method. Background Technology

[0002] Western my country has abundant solar and wind energy resources. Therefore, photovoltaic power generation, wind power generation and other new energy power generation, as well as supporting power facilities such as energy storage power stations and converter stations, are often built in high-altitude areas such as Tibet, Xinjiang and Ningxia, far away from the production sites of power equipment and with complex and harsh road conditions, which brings huge challenges to the long-distance and high-intensity transportation of various power equipment.

[0003] Various components, copper busbars, and supporting structures are stored in box-like or cabinet-style structures with limited space. During transportation, these structures are susceptible to damage such as screw loosening, structural component damage, and device damage due to long-term random vibration or high-intensity impact. This increases the cost of new energy construction in high-altitude and remote areas, reduces construction efficiency, and may even affect the reliability of equipment operation.

[0004] Power equipment is typically large in weight and size, ranging from 10 to 40 tons, and can be 15 meters long and 3 meters wide. Therefore, common vibration reduction and isolation devices cannot be used or are too expensive. This is because they mainly rely on the structural strength to withstand vibration and impact during transportation, which has low reliability and makes it difficult to strike a balance between avoiding damage during transportation and cost control. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a special bearing device and its design method for transporting power equipment that is not only simple in structure and easy to use, but also effectively reduces the cost of a single application and enables repeated use, thereby reducing the vibration and impact loads on the power equipment during transportation and reducing the risk of damage to the transported goods.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the first technical solution of the present invention is: a special bearing device for transporting power equipment, the innovation of which is: it includes several bearing units, and the several bearing units are connected as one unit or arranged side by side with spacing along the length direction.

[0007] The supporting unit includes a wooden pallet and multiple vibration-damping balls disposed at the bottom of the wooden pallet, and the wooden pallet is used to detachably connect to the base of the power equipment to be transported.

[0008] The wooden pallet is either of the following two structures:

[0009] The first type of wooden pallet includes sleepers, pads, skids, and a base plate. The surface of the base plate is provided with multiple separately arranged sleepers, the bottom of the base plate is provided with multiple separately arranged skids, and the bottom of each skid is provided with multiple separately arranged pads, each pad having multiple shock-absorbing balls.

[0010] The second type is a wooden pallet consisting of an upper layer of sleepers and a lower layer of pads. Several sleepers are arranged separately on multiple pads, and each shock-absorbing ball is arranged below the junction of the sleepers and pads and is fixedly connected to the pads.

[0011] In the first technical solution mentioned above, in the structure of the first wooden pallet, the sleepers, bottom plate, skids and pads are connected from top to bottom by bolts. The sleepers and skids are arranged orthogonally, and the skids and pads are arranged orthogonally. That is, the surface of the bottom plate is provided with a plurality of sleepers arranged parallel at equal intervals along its length direction, the bottom of the bottom plate is provided with a plurality of skids arranged parallel at equal intervals along its width direction, and the bottom of the plurality of skids is provided with a plurality of pads arranged parallel at equal intervals along its width direction.

[0012] In the first technical solution mentioned above, the lengths of the sleepers and pads are equal to the width of the base plate, and the length of the skid is equal to the length of the base plate.

[0013] In the first technical solution mentioned above, in the structure of the second wooden pallet, the sleepers and pads are arranged orthogonally and connected by bolts. Several sleepers are arranged at equal intervals along the length direction, and multiple pads are arranged at equal intervals along the width direction of the sleepers.

[0014] The first technical solution described above also includes a transportation excitation control device, which comprises an air damper assembly, an excitation state monitoring sensor assembly, and a controller.

[0015] The air damper assembly is located at the bottom of the wooden pallet to provide support and pressure between the wooden pallet and the transport vehicle platform.

[0016] The excitation state monitoring sensor group is installed on the wooden pallet to monitor the transportation excitation state of the power equipment it carries.

[0017] Both the air damper assembly and the excitation state monitoring sensor assembly are connected to the corresponding connection terminals of the controller. The controller receives the transportation excitation state information of the carried power equipment fed back by the excitation state monitoring sensor assembly, and controls the action of the air damper assembly according to the transportation excitation state information, so as to regulate the damping force of the carried power equipment.

[0018] In the first technical solution mentioned above, the air damper group includes several air dampers, and air dampers are arranged in the gap between adjacent damping balls on the same pad in the wooden pallet.

[0019] In the first design scheme described above, the excitation state monitoring sensor group includes multiple acceleration sensors, and the multiple acceleration sensors are respectively installed on the corresponding sleepers.

[0020] To achieve the above objectives, the first technical solution of the present invention is: a design method for a special bearing device for transporting power equipment, comprising the aforementioned special bearing device for transporting power equipment, the innovation of which lies in the following steps in its specific design method:

[0021] When the wooden pallet is of the first type:

[0022] S1: Determine the dimensions of the wooden pallet based on the dimensions of the power equipment base to be loaded, including the lengths of the sleepers, pads, skids, and the length and width of the base plate;

[0023] S2: Determine the number of vibration damping balls based on the weight of the power equipment to be loaded, calculate the load on each vibration damping ball evenly, and ensure that the load on a single ball does not exceed 1 / 6 of its ultimate bearing capacity.

[0024] S3: Determine the number and spacing of the pads, as well as the number and spacing of the damping balls on a single pad, based on the number of damping balls and the length of the skid.

[0025] S4: Determine the cross-sectional dimensions and quantity of sleepers and skids based on the allowable load calculation, and then determine the arrangement spacing. The height of the pads is determined based on the weight of the power equipment to be loaded, ensuring that the fork hole dimensions meet the corresponding requirements.

[0026] When the wooden pallet is of the second type of structure:

[0027] S1: Determine the size of the wooden pallet based on the dimensions of the power equipment base to be loaded, including the lengths of the sleepers and pads;

[0028] S2: Determine the number of vibration damping balls based on the weight of the power equipment to be loaded, calculate the load on each vibration damping ball evenly, and ensure that the load on a single ball does not exceed 1 / 6 of its ultimate bearing capacity.

[0029] S3: Determine the number and spacing of the pads and sleepers, as well as the number and spacing of the damping balls on a single pad, based on the number of damping balls and the length of the pads.

[0030] S4: The cross-sectional dimensions of the sleepers are determined based on the allowable load, and the height of the sleepers is determined based on the weight of the power equipment to be loaded, ensuring that the dimensions of the fork openings meet the corresponding requirements.

[0031] The second technical solution mentioned above also includes a step of regulating the transportation excitation experienced by the power equipment it carries, specifically:

[0032] When the controller determines that the power equipment being transported is under a weak load condition based on the transport excitation status information fed back by the excitation status monitoring sensor group on the wooden pallet, there is no need to control the air damper group on the wooden pallet to adjust the corresponding damping force.

[0033] When the controller determines that the power equipment being transported is under a strong load condition based on the transport excitation status information fed back by the excitation status monitoring sensor group, it controls the air damper group to increase its damping force and transmit it to the excitation above the wooden pallet, so as to regulate the damping force on the power equipment.

[0034] In the second technical solution above, the weak-range load state and the strong-range load state are defined by any of the following methods:

[0035] When the critical value of short-term speed change that the power equipment can withstand is ΔV c During transportation, the controller calculates the current short-term velocity change value ΔV of the power equipment based on the acceleration time history data fed back by the excitation state monitoring sensor group. If ΔV ≤ ΔV c If ΔV > ΔV, then it is determined to be a weak range load state. c If so, it is determined to be a strong range load state;

[0036] Alternatively, the judgment can be based on acceleration monitoring values; specifically, an allowable acceleration value 'a' can be set. c During transportation, the controller makes a judgment based on the instantaneous acceleration value 'a' fed back from the excitation state monitoring sensor group. If a ≤ a c If a > a, then it is determined to be a weak range load state. c If so, it is determined to be a strong range load state.

[0037] In the second technical solution mentioned above, let the length of the supported electrical equipment be L, the width be W, the weight be D, the number of trays be m, the gap between each tray be G, and the allowable load of the vibration damping ball be D. q ,

[0038] Set the length of the bottom plate of the wooden pallet to L. b Width is W b The length of the sleeper is L z The length of the skis is L h The length of the wooden block is L d The number of damping balls is n q All dimensions are in mm, and weight and load capacity are in kg.

[0039] When the wooden pallet is of the first type:

[0040] S1: Determine the length L of the base plate based on the dimensions of the electrical equipment to be installed. b and width W b Base plate thickness T b It is a constant, either 10, 15, or 20:

[0041]

[0042] W b =W+200

[0043] When several load-bearing units are connected as one unit, G = 0 and m = 1.

[0044] When several load-bearing units are arranged side by side with spacing along the length direction, G>0 and m≥2;

[0045] S2: Determine the length L of the sleepers, skids, and blocks. z L h L d :

[0046] L h =L b

[0047] L z =L d =W b

[0048] S3: Calculate the number of damping balls n q :

[0049] n q ≥6D / D q

[0050] S4: Determine the number of blocks n d and arrangement spacing g d And the spacing g of the damping balls on a single wooden block q The cross-sectional height h of the pad d The value is constant, and is 30, 40, or 60. The cross-sectional width is b. d It is a constant, either 100, 120, or 150:

[0051] n d (L d / g q -1)n q

[0052] n d g d +b d =L h

[0053] gq ≥250

[0054] S5: Calculate the cross-sectional height h of the sleepers and skids. z and h h Cross-sectional width b z and b h Quantity n z and n h and the arrangement spacing g z and g h :

[0055]

[0056] n z g z +b z =L b

[0057] n h g h +b h =W b

[0058] Among them, f b Let g be the allowable bending strength of the wood, and g be the acceleration due to gravity.

[0059] In the second technical solution mentioned above, let the length of the supported electrical equipment be L, the width be W, the weight be D, the number of trays be m, the gap between each tray be G, and the allowable load of the vibration damping ball be D. q The number of damping balls is n q All dimensions are in mm, and weight and load capacity are in kg.

[0060] When the wooden pallet is of the second type of structure:

[0061] S1: Determine the length L of the sleepers and blocks. z L d :

[0062]

[0063] L d =W+200

[0064] When several load-bearing units are connected as one unit, G = 0 and m = 1.

[0065] When several load-bearing units are arranged side by side with spacing along the length direction, then G>0 and m≥2;

[0066] S2: Calculate the number of damping balls n q :

[0067] n q ≥6D / Dq

[0068] S3: Determine the number of blocks n d and arrangement spacing g d And the spacing g of the damping balls on a single wooden block q The height h of the cross section of the pad d The value is constant, and is 30, 40, or 60. The cross-sectional width is b. d It is a constant, either 100, 120, or 150:

[0069] n d (L d / g q -1)=n q

[0070] n d g d +b d =L h

[0071] g q ≥250

[0072] S4: Calculate the cross-sectional height h of the sleeper. z Cross-sectional width b z Quantity n z and the arrangement spacing g z :

[0073]

[0074] n z g z +b z =L d

[0075] Among them, f b Let g be the allowable bending strength of the wood, and g be the acceleration due to gravity.

[0076] In the second technical solution mentioned above, when the wooden pallet is equipped with an air damper assembly, the number of damping balls n q And the number of air dampers n k It should meet the following requirements:

[0077] n q +n k ≥6D / D q

[0078] n q +n k ≥6D / D k

[0079] The weight of the electrical equipment it supports is D, and the allowable load of the vibration damping ball is D. qThe air damper allows a load of D. k .

[0080] The positive effects of this invention are: after adopting the special bearing device and its design method for transporting power equipment according to this invention, the special bearing device includes several bearing units, and the several bearing units are connected as one unit or arranged side by side with spacing along the length direction.

[0081] The supporting unit includes a wooden pallet and multiple vibration-damping balls disposed at the bottom of the wooden pallet, and the wooden pallet is used to detachably connect to the base of the power equipment to be transported.

[0082] The wooden pallet is either of the following two structures:

[0083] The first type of wooden pallet includes sleepers, pads, skids, and a base plate. The surface of the base plate is provided with multiple separately arranged sleepers, the bottom of the base plate is provided with multiple separately arranged skids, and the bottom of each skid is provided with multiple separately arranged pads, each pad having multiple shock-absorbing balls.

[0084] The second type is a wooden pallet consisting of an upper layer of sleepers and a lower layer of pads. Several sleepers are arranged separately on multiple pads, and each shock-absorbing ball is arranged below the junction of the sleepers and pads and is fixedly connected to the pads.

[0085] The design method for the dedicated load-bearing device follows the steps outlined below, based on the specific structural form of the wooden pallet.

[0086] S1: Determine the size of the wooden pallet based on the dimensions of the power equipment base to be loaded, including the length of the sleepers, pads, skids, and the length and width of the base plate, or just the length of the sleepers and pads;

[0087] S2: Determine the number of vibration damping balls based on the weight of the power equipment to be loaded, calculate the load on each vibration damping ball evenly, and ensure that the load on a single ball does not exceed 1 / 6 of its ultimate bearing capacity.

[0088] S3: Determine the number and spacing of the pads, as well as the number and spacing of the damping balls on a single pad, based on the number of damping balls and the length of the skid.

[0089] After adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0090] 1. The combination of wooden pallets and vibration damping balls is easy to obtain, low in cost, simple to install and use, and has sufficient load-bearing capacity for large-mass and large-size power equipment. The high elasticity and high damping of wooden pallets and vibration damping balls can effectively reduce the vibration and impact load on the power equipment during transportation, ensuring its reliability when transported to remote areas and in harsh road conditions.

[0091] 2. This invention improves the structural reliability of the pallet by utilizing the load-bearing capacity of the vibration-damping balls and the pallet itself, or further reduces structural costs and improves installation convenience by optimizing the design of different wooden pallet structures while ensuring performance. Simultaneously, the wooden pallet can be reused multiple times, thereby spreading the cost. Attached Figure Description

[0092] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first dedicated support device of the present invention;

[0093] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first dedicated support device of the present invention;

[0094] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the third type of special bearing device of the present invention;

[0095] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of the fourth type of special bearing device of the present invention;

[0096] Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of the fifth type of special bearing device of the present invention;

[0097] Figure 6 This is a structural schematic diagram of the sixth type of special bearing device of the present invention;

[0098] Figure 7 This is a structural schematic diagram of the seventh special-purpose support device of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0099] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the given embodiments, but is not limited thereto.

[0100] Example 1

[0101] like Figure 1 As shown, a special bearing device for transporting power equipment includes several bearing units, which are connected as a whole.

[0102] The supporting unit includes a wooden pallet 1 and multiple shock-absorbing balls 2 disposed at the bottom of the wooden pallet 1, and the wooden pallet 1 is used to detachably connect to the base of the power equipment to be transported.

[0103] The wooden pallet 1 includes sleepers 11, pads 12, skids 13 and a base plate 14. The surface of the base plate 14 is provided with a plurality of separately arranged sleepers 11. The bottom of the base plate 14 is provided with a plurality of separately arranged skids 13. The bottom of the skids 13 is provided with a plurality of separately arranged pads 12, and each pad 12 is provided with a plurality of shock-absorbing balls 2.

[0104] In Example 1, the wooden pallet in the integrated support device covers the entire size range of the power equipment base to be supported.

[0105] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 As shown, in order to ensure the stability and smoothness of the overall structure of the wooden pallet under stress, the sleepers 11, bottom plate 14, skids 13 and pads 12 in the wooden pallet are connected by bolts from top to bottom. The sleepers 11 and skids 13 are arranged orthogonally, and the skids 13 and pads 12 are arranged orthogonally. That is, the surface of the bottom plate 14 is provided with a plurality of sleepers 11 arranged parallel at equal intervals along its length direction, the bottom of the bottom plate 14 is provided with a plurality of skids 13 arranged parallel at equal intervals along its width direction, and the bottom of the plurality of skids 13 is provided with a plurality of pads 12 arranged parallel at equal intervals along its width direction.

[0106] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 As shown, in order to further improve the rationality of the structure, the lengths of the sleepers 11 and the pads 12 are equal to the width of the base plate 14, and the length of the skid 13 is equal to the length of the base plate 14.

[0107] Example 2

[0108] like Figure 2 As shown, the difference from Embodiment 1 is that the wooden pallet 1 consists of an upper layer of sleepers 11 and a lower layer of pads 12. Several sleepers 11 are separately arranged on multiple pads 12, and each damping ball 2 is arranged below the junction of the sleepers 11 and the pads 12 and is fixedly connected to the pads 12. The purpose of this design is to reduce the difficulty of installation and save costs.

[0109] Furthermore, in Example 2, by reducing the size of individual sleepers and increasing their number, the sleepers can be arranged more densely. The damping balls are arranged below each junction of the sleepers and the pads, which can increase the load-bearing capacity of the wooden pallet and reduce the unevenness of the force on the damping balls, thereby achieving a higher load-bearing capacity of the damping ball pallet or improving its economy.

[0110] Furthermore, in order to further improve the structural rationality, in the wooden pallet structure of Embodiment 2, the sleepers 11 and pads 12 are arranged orthogonally and connected by bolts. Several sleepers 11 are arranged at equal intervals along the length direction, and several pads 12 are arranged at equal intervals along the width direction of the sleepers 11.

[0111] Example 3

[0112] like Figure 3As shown, the difference from Embodiment 1 is that several bearing units are arranged side by side with spacing along the length direction. Multiple separately arranged bearing units jointly support the electrical equipment, ensuring their width matches the width of the electrical equipment being supported. They are arranged in segments along the length of the electrical equipment, generally placed in locations with a greater weight distribution.

[0113] Example 4

[0114] like Figure 4 As shown, the difference from Embodiment 2 is that in Embodiment 2, several bearing units are constructed as an integrated whole structure, while in Embodiment 4, several bearing units are arranged side by side with spacing along the length direction.

[0115] Example 5

[0116] like Figure 5 , 6 As shown in Figure 7, based on the structures of embodiments 1-4, in order to actively control the transportation excitation experienced by the power equipment and reduce the shaking of the equipment and internal components, the present invention also includes a transportation excitation control device 3. The transportation excitation control device 3 includes an air vibration damper group 31, an excitation status monitoring sensor group 32, and a controller 33.

[0117] The air damper assembly 31 is disposed at the bottom of the wooden pallet 1 to provide support and pressure between the wooden pallet and the transport vehicle platform.

[0118] The excitation state monitoring sensor group 32 is installed on the wooden pallet 1 to monitor the transportation excitation state, i.e., the load state, of the electrical equipment it carries.

[0119] The air damper assembly 31 and the excitation state monitoring sensor assembly 32 are both connected to the corresponding connection terminals of the controller 33. The controller 33 receives the transportation excitation state information of the carried power equipment fed back by the excitation state monitoring sensor assembly 32, and controls the action of the air damper assembly 31 according to the transportation excitation state information, so as to regulate the damping force of the carried power equipment.

[0120] The air damper assembly 31 includes several air dampers, and air dampers are arranged in the gaps between adjacent damping balls 2 on the same pad 12 in the wooden pallet 1.

[0121] The excitation state monitoring sensor group 32 includes multiple acceleration sensors, which are arranged at the corners of the wooden pallet and respectively mounted on the corresponding sleepers 11.

[0122] The controller 33 is based on a CPU and can receive signals sent by the excitation state monitoring sensor group 32, process them, and output corresponding control signals to regulate the action of the air damper group 31.

[0123] Furthermore, the transport excitation state of the power equipment is divided into a weak range load state and a strong range load state; when the controller 33 determines that the excitation of the power equipment is a weak range load state based on the transport excitation state information fed back by the excitation state monitoring sensor group 32, there is no need to control the air damper group 31 to adjust the corresponding damping force.

[0124] When the controller 33 determines that the power equipment being transported is under a strong-range load condition based on the transportation excitation status information fed back by the excitation status monitoring sensor group 32, it controls the air vibration damper group 31 to increase its damping force. This strategy achieves vibration and impact excitation filtering. The ranges of weak-range and strong-range load conditions can be specifically set as needed.

[0125] Furthermore, the weight of the electrical equipment it carries is categorized from high to low as heavy, medium, and light, and the road conditions are categorized from high to low as severe, medium, and good. Based on the different classifications of electrical equipment weight and road conditions, the local arrangement schemes of the air damper group 31 are as follows:

[0126] P1: Each wooden block has several damping balls evenly arranged along its length, and air dampers are installed in the gaps between the damping balls on the same wooden block. This is suitable for electrical equipment with a heavy load capacity and for situations with poor road conditions (such as...). Figure 5 (as shown);

[0127] P2: The air vibration damper partially replaces the original vibration damping balls arranged on the same wooden block. Prioritize replacing the inner, centrally located vibration damping balls, which experience less stress, then expand outwards in a circular pattern, finally replacing the four corner positions. Suitable for applications involving the load of medium-weight or lighter electrical equipment and road conditions of medium to lower weight (e.g.,...). Figure 6 (as shown);

[0128] P3: Air vibration dampers completely replace the original vibration damping balls mounted on the wooden blocks. Suitable for situations involving the load of light-weight electrical equipment and poor road conditions (such as...). Figure 7 (As shown).

[0129] Example 6

[0130] Example 1 and its implementation include the following steps:

[0131] S1: Determine the dimensions of the wooden pallet based on the dimensions of the power equipment base to be loaded, including the lengths of the sleepers, pads, skids, and the length and width of the base plate;

[0132] S2: Determine the number of vibration damping balls based on the weight of the power equipment to be loaded, calculate the load on each vibration damping ball evenly, and ensure that the load on a single ball does not exceed 1 / 6 of its ultimate bearing capacity.

[0133] S3: Determine the number and spacing of the pads, as well as the number and spacing of the damping balls on a single pad, based on the number of damping balls and the length of the skid.

[0134] S4: Calculate the cross-sectional dimensions and quantity of sleepers and skids based on the allowable load, and then determine the arrangement spacing. The height of the pads is determined based on the weight of the power equipment to be loaded, ensuring that the fork hole dimensions meet the corresponding requirements.

[0135] Furthermore, let the length of the electrical equipment being carried be L, the width be W, the weight be D, the number of trays be m, the gap between the trays be G, and the allowable load of the vibration damping balls be D. q ,

[0136] Set the length of the bottom plate of the wooden pallet to L. b Width is W b The length of the sleeper is L z The length of the skis is L h The length of the wooden block is L d The number of damping balls is n q All dimensions are in mm, and weight and load capacity are in kg.

[0137] When the wooden pallet is of the first type:

[0138] S1: Determine the length L of the base plate based on the dimensions of the electrical equipment to be installed. b and width W b Base plate thickness T b It is a constant, either 10, 15, or 20:

[0139]

[0140] W b =W+200

[0141] When several load-bearing units are connected as one unit, G = 0 and m = 1.

[0142] When several load-bearing units are arranged side by side with spacing along the length direction, then G>0 and m≥2;

[0143] S2: Determine the length L of the sleepers, skids, and blocks. z L h L d :

[0144] L h =L b

[0145] L z =L d =W b

[0146] S3: Calculate the number of damping balls n q :

[0147] n q ≥6D / D q

[0148] S4: Determine the number of blocks n d and arrangement spacing g d And the spacing g of the damping balls on a single wooden block q The cross-sectional height h of the pad d The value is constant, and is 30, 40, or 60. The cross-sectional width is b. d It is a constant, either 100, 120, or 150:

[0149] n d (L d / g q –1)=n q

[0150] n d g d +b d =L h

[0151] g q ≥250

[0152] S5: Calculate the cross-sectional height h of the sleepers and skids. z and h h Cross-sectional width b z and b h Quantity n z and n h and the arrangement spacing g z and g h :

[0153]

[0154]

[0155] n z g z +b z =L b

[0156] n h g h +b h =W b

[0157] Among them, fb Let g be the allowable bending strength of the wood, and g be the acceleration due to gravity.

[0158] Example 7

[0159] The design method of a special bearing device for transporting power equipment according to Examples 2 and 4 includes the following steps:

[0160] S1: Determine the size of the wooden pallet based on the dimensions of the power equipment base to be loaded, including the lengths of the sleepers and pads;

[0161] S2: Determine the number of vibration damping balls based on the weight of the power equipment to be loaded, calculate the load on each vibration damping ball evenly, and ensure that the load on a single ball does not exceed 1 / 6 of its ultimate bearing capacity.

[0162] S3: Determine the number and spacing of the pads and sleepers, as well as the number and spacing of the damping balls on a single pad, based on the number of damping balls and the length of the pads.

[0163] S4: The cross-sectional dimensions of the sleepers are determined based on the allowable load, and the height of the sleepers is determined based on the weight of the power equipment to be loaded, ensuring that the dimensions of the fork openings meet the corresponding requirements.

[0164] Furthermore, let the length of the electrical equipment being carried be L, the width be W, the weight be D, the number of trays be m, the gap between the trays be G, and the allowable load of the vibration damping balls be D. q The number of damping balls is n q All dimensions are in mm, and weight and load capacity are in kg.

[0165] When the wooden pallet is of the second type of structure:

[0166] S1: Determine the length L of the sleepers and blocks. z L d :

[0167]

[0168] L d =W+200

[0169] When several load-bearing units are connected as one unit, G = 0 and m = 1.

[0170] When several load-bearing units are arranged side by side with spacing along the length direction, then G>0 and m≥2;

[0171] S2: Calculate the number of damping balls n q :

[0172] n q ≥6D / D q

[0173] S3: Determine the number of blocks n d and arrangement spacing g d And the spacing g of the damping balls on a single wooden block q The height h of the cross section of the pad d The value is constant, and is 30, 40, or 60. The cross-sectional width is b. d It is a constant, either 100, 120, or 150:

[0174] n d (L d / g q -1)=n q

[0175] n d g d +b d =L h

[0176] g q ≥250

[0177] S4: Calculate the cross-sectional height h of the sleeper. z Cross-sectional width b z Quantity n z and the arrangement spacing g z :

[0178]

[0179] n z g z +b z =L d

[0180] Among them, f b Let g be the allowable bending strength of the wood, and g be the acceleration due to gravity.

[0181] Example 8

[0182] Based on Embodiments 6 and 7, a design method for a dedicated carrier device for transporting power equipment further includes a step of regulating the transport excitation experienced by the power equipment being carried, specifically:

[0183] When the controller determines that the power equipment being transported is under a weak load condition based on the transport excitation status information fed back by the excitation status monitoring sensor group on the wooden pallet, there is no need to control the air damper group on the wooden pallet to adjust the corresponding damping force.

[0184] When the controller determines that the power equipment being transported is under a strong load condition based on the transport excitation status information fed back by the excitation status monitoring sensor group, it controls the air damper group to increase its damping force and transmit it to the excitation above the wooden pallet, so as to regulate the damping force on the power equipment.

[0185] The weak-range load state and the strong-range load state are defined by any of the following methods:

[0186] When the critical value of short-term speed change that the power equipment can withstand is ΔV c During transportation, the controller calculates the current short-term velocity change value ΔV of the power equipment based on the acceleration time history data fed back by the excitation state monitoring sensor group. If ΔV ≤ ΔV c If ΔV > ΔV, then it is determined to be a weak range load state. c If so, it is determined to be a strong range load state;

[0187] Alternatively, if there is no opportunity to determine the product boundary values, the judgment can be made based on the acceleration monitoring values. Specifically, an allowable acceleration value 'a' can be set. c During transportation, the controller makes a judgment based on the instantaneous acceleration value 'a' fed back from the excitation state monitoring sensor group. If a ≤ a c If a > a, then it is determined to be a weak range load state. c If so, it is determined to be a strong range load state.

[0188] Furthermore, when the wooden pallet is equipped with an air damper assembly, the number of damping balls n q And the number of air dampers n k Should meet:

[0189] n q +n k ≥6D / D q

[0190] n q +n k ≥6D / D k

[0191] The weight of the electrical equipment it supports is D, and the allowable load of the vibration damping ball is D. q The air damper allows a load of D. k .

[0192] Furthermore, in the design method of the present invention, after determining the design of a wooden pallet with a completely uniform arrangement, the unevenness of the force on the damping balls can be slightly reduced by appropriately reducing the spacing between the pads at the mid-span, thereby reducing the maximum force on them.

[0193] The process of using the special bearing device of this invention is as follows: the vibration damping balls are arranged under the wooden pallet. When using it, the wooden pallet is first placed on the ground, then the electrical equipment is lifted and placed on the pallet, the mounting bolt holes are aligned and connected by fixing bolts, and finally the whole thing is lifted and placed on the truck bed.

[0194] After adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0195] 1. The combination of wooden pallets and vibration damping balls is readily available, inexpensive, easy to install and use, and has sufficient load-bearing capacity for large-mass, large-size power equipment. The high elasticity and high damping of the wooden pallets and vibration damping balls can effectively reduce the vibration and impact loads on the power equipment during transportation, ensuring its reliability when transported to remote areas and in harsh road conditions.

[0196] 2. This invention can enhance the load-bearing capacity of the vibration-damping ball tray according to design requirements, thereby improving its structural reliability, or further reduce structural costs and improve installation convenience while ensuring performance through optimized design. Simultaneously, the vibration-damping ball tray can be reused multiple times, thus spreading the cost.

[0197] 3. The present invention is equipped with a transport excitation control device. When the power equipment being carried is subjected to large transport vibration or impact excitation, the transport excitation control device can be used to actively adjust the air dampers in the air damper group to control the transmission of the excitation of the transport vehicle plate accordingly, reduce the excitation transmitted to the pallet, and ultimately reduce the load on the power equipment to avoid damage.

[0198] Based on the above-described preferred embodiments of the present invention, and through the foregoing description, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the inventive concept. The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the contents of the specification, but must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A special bearing device for transporting power equipment, characterized in that: It includes several load-bearing units, which are connected as a whole or arranged side by side with spacing along the length. The carrying unit includes a wooden pallet (1) and a plurality of shock-absorbing balls (2) disposed at the bottom of the wooden pallet (1), and the wooden pallet (1) is used to detachably connect to the base of the power equipment to be transported. The wooden pallet (1) is either of the following two structures: The first type of wooden pallet (1) includes sleepers (11), pads (12), skids (13), and a base plate (14). The surface of the base plate (14) is provided with a plurality of separately arranged sleepers (11), the bottom of the base plate (14) is provided with a plurality of separately arranged skids (13), the bottom of the skids (13) is provided with a plurality of separately arranged pads (12), and each pad (12) is provided with a plurality of shock-absorbing balls (2). The second type is a wooden pallet (1) consisting of an upper layer of sleepers (11) and a lower layer of pads (12). Several sleepers (11) are arranged separately on multiple pads (12), and each damping ball (2) is arranged below the junction of the sleepers (11) and the pads (12) and is fixedly connected to the pads (12).

2. The special bearing device for transporting power equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the structure of the first type of wooden pallet, the sleepers (11), the base plate (14), the skids (13), and the pads (12) from top to bottom are connected by bolts. The sleepers (11) and the skids (13) are arranged orthogonally, and the skids (13) and the pads (12) are arranged orthogonally. That is, the surface of the base plate (14) is provided with a plurality of sleepers (11) arranged parallel at equal intervals along its length direction, the bottom of the base plate (14) is provided with a plurality of skids (13) arranged parallel at equal intervals along its width direction, and the bottom of the plurality of skids (13) is provided with a plurality of pads (12) arranged parallel at equal intervals along its width direction.

3. The special bearing device for transporting power equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lengths of the sleepers (11) and pads (12) are equal to the width of the base plate (14), and the length of the skids (13) is equal to the length of the base plate (14).

4. The special bearing device for transporting power equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the structure of the second type of wooden pallet, the sleepers (11) and pads (12) are arranged orthogonally and connected by bolts. Several sleepers (11) are arranged at equal intervals along the length direction, and several pads (12) are arranged at equal intervals along the width direction of the sleepers (11).

5. The special bearing device for transporting power equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a transport excitation control device (3), which comprises an air damper assembly (31), an excitation state monitoring sensor assembly (32), and a controller (33). The air damper assembly (31) is located at the bottom of the wooden pallet (1) to provide support and pressure between the wooden pallet and the transport vehicle platform. The excitation state monitoring sensor group (32) is installed on the wooden pallet (1) to monitor the transportation excitation state of the power equipment it carries. The air damper assembly (31) and the excitation state monitoring sensor assembly (32) are both connected to the corresponding connection terminals of the controller (33). The controller (33) receives the transportation excitation state information of the carried power equipment fed back by the excitation state monitoring sensor assembly (32), and controls the action of the air damper assembly (31) according to the transportation excitation state information, so as to regulate the damping force of the carried power equipment.

6. The special bearing device for transporting power equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The air damper assembly (31) includes several air dampers, and air dampers are arranged in the gap between adjacent damping balls (2) on the same pad (12) in the wooden tray (1).

7. The special bearing device for transporting power equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The excitation state monitoring sensor group (32) includes multiple acceleration sensors, and the multiple acceleration sensors are respectively installed on the corresponding sleepers (11).

8. A design method for a special bearing device for transporting power equipment, comprising the special bearing device for transporting power equipment as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: Its specific design method includes the following steps: When the wooden pallet is of the first type: S1: Determine the dimensions of the wooden pallet based on the dimensions of the power equipment base to be loaded, including the lengths of the sleepers, pads, skids, and the length and width of the base plate; S2: Determine the number of vibration damping balls based on the weight of the power equipment to be loaded, calculate the load on each vibration damping ball evenly, and ensure that the load on a single ball does not exceed 1 / 6 of its ultimate bearing capacity. S3: Determine the number and spacing of the pads, as well as the number and spacing of the damping balls on a single pad, based on the number of damping balls and the length of the skid. S4: Determine the cross-sectional dimensions and quantity of sleepers and skids based on the allowable load calculation, and then determine the arrangement spacing. The height of the pads is determined based on the weight of the power equipment to be loaded, ensuring that the fork hole dimensions meet the corresponding requirements. When the wooden pallet is of the second type of structure: S1: Determine the size of the wooden pallet based on the dimensions of the power equipment base to be loaded, including the lengths of the sleepers and pads; S2: Determine the number of vibration damping balls based on the weight of the power equipment to be loaded, calculate the load on each vibration damping ball evenly, and ensure that the load on a single ball does not exceed 1 / 6 of its ultimate bearing capacity. S3: Determine the number and spacing of the pads and sleepers, as well as the number and spacing of the damping balls on a single pad, based on the number of damping balls and the length of the pads. S4: The cross-sectional dimensions of the sleepers are determined based on the allowable load, and the height of the sleepers is determined based on the weight of the power equipment to be loaded, ensuring that the dimensions of the fork openings meet the corresponding requirements.

9. The design method of the special bearing device for transporting power equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes steps for regulating the transport incentives experienced by the power equipment it carries, specifically: When the controller determines that the power equipment being transported is under a weak load condition based on the transport excitation status information fed back by the excitation status monitoring sensor group on the wooden pallet, there is no need to control the air damper group on the wooden pallet to adjust the corresponding damping force. When the controller determines that the power equipment being transported is under a strong load condition based on the transport excitation status information fed back by the excitation status monitoring sensor group, it controls the air damper group to increase its damping force and transmit it to the excitation above the wooden pallet, so as to regulate the damping force on the power equipment.

10. The design method of the special bearing device for transporting power equipment according to claim 9, characterized in that: The weak-range load state and the strong-range load state are defined by any of the following methods: When the critical value of short-term speed change that the power equipment can withstand is ΔV c During transportation, the controller calculates the current short-term velocity change value ΔV of the power equipment based on the acceleration time history data fed back by the excitation state monitoring sensor group. If ΔV ≤ ΔV c If ΔV > ΔV, then it is determined to be a weak range load state. c If so, it is determined to be a strong range load state; Alternatively, the judgment can be based on acceleration monitoring values; specifically, an allowable acceleration value 'a' can be set. c During transportation, the controller makes a judgment based on the instantaneous acceleration value 'a' fed back from the excitation state monitoring sensor group. If a ≤ a c If a > a, then it is determined to be a weak range load state. c If so, it is determined to be a strong range load state.

11. The design method of the special bearing device for transporting power equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that: Let the length of the electrical equipment being carried be L, the width be W, the weight be D, the number of trays be m, the gap between the trays be G, and the allowable load of the vibration damping balls be D. q , Set the length of the bottom plate of the wooden pallet to L. b Width is W b The length of the sleeper is L z The length of the skis is L h The length of the wooden block is L d The number of damping balls is n q All dimensions are in mm, and weight and load capacity are in kg. When the wooden pallet is of the first type: S1: Determine the length L of the base plate based on the dimensions of the electrical equipment to be installed. b and width W b Base plate thickness T b It is a constant, either 10, 15, or 20: IN b =W+200 When several load-bearing units are connected as one unit, G = 0 and m = 1. When several load-bearing units are arranged side by side with spacing along the length direction, then G>0 and m≥2; S2: Determine the length L of the sleepers, skids, and blocks. z L h L d : L h L b L z =L d =W b S3: Calculate the number of damping balls n q : n q ≥6D / D q S4: Determine the number of blocks n d and arrangement spacing g d And the spacing g of the damping balls on a single wooden block q The cross-sectional height h of the pad d The value is constant, and is 30, 40, or 60. The cross-sectional width is b. d It is a constant, either 100, 120, or 150: n d (L d / g q -1)=n q n d g d +b d =L h g q ≥250 S5: Calculate the cross-sectional height h of the sleepers and skids. z and h h Cross-sectional width b z and b h Quantity n z and n h and the arrangement spacing g z and g h : n z g z +b z =L b n h g h +b h =W b Among them, f b Let g be the allowable bending strength of the wood, and g be the acceleration due to gravity.

12. The design method of the special bearing device for transporting power equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that: Let the length of the electrical equipment being carried be L, the width be W, the weight be D, the number of trays be m, the gap between the trays be G, and the allowable load of the vibration damping balls be D. q The number of damping balls is n q All dimensions are in mm, and weight and load capacity are in kg. When the wooden pallet is of the second type of structure: S1: Determine the length L of the sleepers and blocks. z L d : L d =W+200 When several load-bearing units are connected as one unit, G = 0 and m = 1. When several load-bearing units are arranged side by side with spacing along the length direction, then G>0 and m≥2; S2: Calculate the number of damping balls n q : n q ≥6D / D q S3: Determine the number of blocks n d and arrangement spacing g d And the spacing g of the damping balls on a single wooden block q The height h of the cross section of the pad d The value is constant, and is 30, 40, or 60. The cross-sectional width is b. d It is a constant, either 100, 120, or 150: n d (L d / g q -1)=n q n d g d +b d =L h g q ≥2250 S4: Calculate the cross-sectional height h of the sleeper. z Cross-sectional width b z Quantity n z and the arrangement spacing g z : n z g z +b z =L d Among them, f b Let g be the allowable bending strength of the wood, and g be the acceleration due to gravity.

13. The design method of the special bearing device for transporting power equipment according to claim 9, characterized in that: When the wooden pallet is equipped with an air damper assembly, the number of damping balls n q And the number of air dampers n k Should meet: n q +n k ≥6D / D q n q +n k ≥6D / D k The weight of the electrical equipment it supports is D, and the allowable load of the vibration damping ball is D. q The air damper allows a load of D. k .

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