Purifying agent prepared based on solid waste and application method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of solid waste resource recycling and application, and discloses a purifying agent prepared based on solid waste and an application method.The purifying agent is prepared through the following steps that firstly, coal gangue is crushed and screened in sequence, and screen underflow with the particle size smaller than 2 mm is obtained after screening; the gasified slag is sequentially subjected to crushing and flotation to obtain a gasified slag carbon-containing material; the coal ash is screened and floated in sequence to obtain a coal ash carbon-containing material. And grinding the mixture of the undersize product with the particle size of less than 2mm, the gasified slag carbon-containing material and the fly ash carbon-containing material to 300-600 meshes, sequentially adding water and an adhesive into the ground powder, and then carrying out shaping, vaporization, drying, carbonization and activation to obtain the purifying agent. The purifying agent is used for treating waste gas or waste water.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of solid waste resource recycling and application, specifically relating to a purification agent prepared based on solid waste, particularly a method for preparing the purification agent, and further relating to a method for using the purification agent to purify waste gas or wastewater. Background Technology

[0002] The high-value components contained in solid waste have not been effectively utilized: Coal gangue is rich in inorganic minerals such as SiO2 (mass fraction ≥40%) and Al2O3 (≥10%), which can serve as excellent carriers for adsorption materials; in gasification slag, the residual carbon content of fine slag is ≥20%, the residual carbon content of coarse slag is ≥2%, and the residual carbon content of fly ash is ≥8%. These residual carbons have natural adsorption activity and are the core raw materials for preparing purification agents; in addition, components such as Fe2O3 and CaO in solid waste can enhance the chelation ability for heavy metals. However, existing technologies mostly use such solid waste in low-value-added fields. For example, the patent "CN102674798A A water-permeable inorganic material and its preparation method" discloses the use of coal gangue in the preparation of paving materials. Meanwhile, traditional adsorbents mostly use high-quality anthracite coal, coconut shells, etc. as raw materials, such as the anthracite coal-based adsorbent disclosed in patent "CN119034684A Activated Coke Adsorbent, Its Preparation Method and Application", or they do not provide a combined preparation and application of three types of solid waste, such as patent "CN111841500B A Method and System for Synthesizing VOCs Adsorbent from Fly Ash and Waste Oil", which only discloses a method for preparing adsorbents from fly ash and does not yet have a technology for the combined preparation of adsorbents from three types of solid waste, resulting in high production costs for purification agents; most traditional products have a specific surface area of ​​less than 600 m² / g and an unbalanced pore distribution—either the micropore ratio is less than 80%, making it unable to efficiently capture small molecule pollutants (such as non-methane total hydrocarbons in exhaust gas), such as patent "CN119608098A". The adsorbent disclosed in "A hierarchical porous metal-based catalytic adsorbent and its preparation method and application" has a micropore ratio of 60% to 80% and a specific surface area of ​​only more than 130 m² / g; or it lacks mesopores (accounting for <10%), making it difficult to accommodate large molecular organic matter in wastewater (such as complex COD components in high-salt wastewater), resulting in insufficient adsorption capacity for complex pollutants. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned technical problems in related technologies, the present invention provides a purification agent and its application method based on solid waste preparation, which can solve the above problems.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is implemented as follows: A purification agent based on solid waste is prepared through the following steps: S100. Classify and enrich solid waste for pretreatment, including coal gangue, gasification slag and fly ash. S110. Coal gangue is crushed and screened sequentially to obtain coal gangue undersize with a particle size of less than 2 mm. S120 and gasification slag are successively crushed and floated to obtain carbon-containing gasification slag material; S130 and fly ash are sequentially screened and floated to obtain fly ash carbonaceous material; S200, preparation of purifying agent; S210. The coal gangue undersize, carbonaceous gasification slag and carbonaceous fly ash are mixed and then ground to 300-600 mesh to obtain mixture A. S220. Water and binder are added sequentially to mixture A to obtain mixture B, wherein the components and mass fractions of mixture B are: 40%–50% coal gangue undersize, 20%–30% gasification slag containing carbon, 10%–40% fly ash containing carbon, 6%–12% water, and 1%–5% binder. Mixture B is then subjected to shaping, gasification, drying, carbonization, and activation to obtain a purifying agent.

[0005] Furthermore, the coal gangue used in S110 has a particle size of 5mm to 150mm, and its main chemical composition and mass percentage are: SiO2≥40%, Al2O3≥10%, Fe2O3≥5%, CaO≥2%, K2O≥2%, MgO≥1%, Na2O≥0.5%. The processing equipment in S110 includes a crusher and a vibrating screen. The crushing level is selected as 1 to 2, and the mesh size of the vibrating screen is selected as 4 to 10 mesh. If the coal gangue particle size is greater than 13mm, a 2-stage crushing and 2-stage screening are adopted. If the coal gangue particle size is 5mm to 13mm, a 1-stage crushing and 1-stage screening are adopted. After crushing and screening, coal gangue undersize with a particle size of less than 2mm is obtained.

[0006] Furthermore, the gasification slag in S120 is divided into coarse gasification slag and fine gasification slag. The main chemical composition and mass percentage of the coarse gasification slag are as follows: SiO2≥35%, Al2O3≥15%, Fe2O3≥15%, CaO≥15%, K2O≥2%, TiO2≥1%, MgO≥1%, Na2O≥1%, C≥2%. The main chemical composition and mass percentage of the fine gasification slag are as follows: SiO2≥35%, Al2O3≥10%, Fe2O3≥5%, CaO≥5%, K2O≥2%, TiO2≥0.5%, MgO≥1%. %, Na2O≥0.5%, C≥20%; the particle size of the gasification slag after crushing is less than 2mm. The material to be floated is processed by at least one or a combination of reagent flotation and gravity separation to obtain carbon-containing gasification slag. The decarbonized gasification slag is the froth scraped off after reagent flotation or the light product at the tailings end of the shaking table after gravity separation. The gravity separation adopts a two-stage beneficiation process. The first stage is a spiral chute process, and the flushing water required to process each ton of gasification slag is between 0.2 tons and 0.5 tons. The second stage is a shaking table gravity separation process, and the flushing water required to process each ton of gasification slag is between 0.5 tons and 3 tons.

[0007] Furthermore, during the reagent flotation process of the gasified coarse slag, flotation reagents and a frother are added. The amount of flotation reagents added accounts for 1% to 5% of the total mass of the gasified coarse slag, flotation reagents, and frother, while the amount of frother added accounts for 0.1% to 0.3% of the total mass of the gasified coarse slag, flotation reagents, and frother. Similarly, during the reagent flotation process of the gasified fine slag, flotation reagents and a frother are added. The amount of flotation reagents added accounts for 1% to 5% of the total mass of the gasified coarse slag, flotation reagents, and frother, while the amount of frother added accounts for 0.1% to 0.3% of the total mass of the gasified fine slag, flotation reagents, and frother. The flotation reagent and frother are selected at 2% to 10% of the total mass, and the frother is added at 0.1% to 0.3% of the total mass of the gasification fine slag, flotation reagent and frother. Among them, the coarse slag flotation reagent is selected from at least one of kerosene and pine oil, the fine slag flotation reagent is selected from at least one of diesel, waste edible oil and dodecane, and the frother is selected from any one of 2-octanol, butanol, fusel oil and camphor oil. The stirring speed of gasification slag flotation is 500 r / min to 2000 r / min, and the stirring time is 1 min to 5 min.

[0008] Furthermore, the fly ash particle size in S130 is 0.5–300 μm, and the main chemical composition and mass percentage of the fly ash are: SiO2 ≥ 40%, Al2O3 ≥ 30%, Fe2O3 ≥ 5%, CaO ≥ 2%, K2O ≥ 0.5%, MgO ≥ 1%, Na2O ≥ 0.1%, C ≥ 8%. After screening, the fly ash is subjected to flotation to obtain carbonaceous fly ash material, which is the foam scrape-off material after flotation. During the flotation process, flotation reagents for fly ash are added. The frother is used, wherein the amount of coal ash flotation reagent added accounts for 1% to 3% of the total mass of coal ash, coal ash flotation reagent and frother, and the amount of frother added accounts for 0.1% to 0.2% of the total mass of coal ash, coal ash flotation reagent and frother. The coal ash flotation reagent is selected from at least one of kerosene, pine oil, diesel oil and waste edible oil, and the frother is selected from any one of octanol, butanol, fusel oil and camphor oil. The flotation stirring speed of coal ash is 500 r / min to 1500 r / min, and the stirring time is 1 min to 4 min.

[0009] Furthermore, the binder in S220 is any one of water glass, clay, kaolin, or alumina sol.

[0010] Furthermore, after shaping, S220 is formed into one or more of the following shapes: spherical with a diameter of 1 mm to 10 mm, plate-like with a thickness of 1 mm to 4 mm, and granular with a particle size of 0.5 mm to 5 mm; the vaporization medium is water vapor, the temperature is 60℃ to 80℃, and the vaporization time is 2h to 5h; the drying temperature is 90℃ to 110℃, and the drying time is 3h to 5h; the carbonization temperature is 500℃ to 800℃, and the carbonization time is 1h to 2h; the activation temperature is 800℃ to 1000℃, and the activation time is 2h to 3h.

[0011] Furthermore, the specific surface area of ​​the purifying agent is 600 m². 2 / g~1150m 2 / g, micropores account for 80%–90%, mesopores account for 10%–20%, and porosity is 35%–55%, of which the pore size of micropores is less than 2nm and the pore size of mesopores is 2nm–50nm.

[0012] A method for applying a purifying agent to purify waste gas or wastewater includes the following steps: a. Add the purification agent to the purification tower; b. The exhaust gas is introduced into the bottom of the purification tower by a fan, or the coal chemical wastewater and landfill leachate are introduced into the top of the purification tower by a pump, and the exhaust gas or wastewater is purified by a purifying agent.

[0013] Furthermore, in step a, the amount of purifying agent added is 1 / 3 to 2 / 3 of the purification tower volume; the exhaust gas inlet velocity is 10 L / s / m.3 ~30L / s / m 3 The wastewater inflow rate is 5m. 3 / h~10m 3 / h.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are: The core raw material is industrial solid waste, which is widely available and inexpensive to obtain. Compared with traditional adsorbents that rely on high-quality coal and other raw materials, it can significantly reduce the cost of raw material procurement. At the same time, physical sorting is preferred in the pretreatment process, which can reduce the amount of chemical reagents used and further control costs.

[0015] The prepared purifier has a specific surface area of ​​600-1150 m² / g, with micropores accounting for 80%-90%, mesopores accounting for 10%-20%, and porosity of 35%-55%. Among them, micropores (pore size <2nm) can efficiently adsorb small molecule pollutants (such as non-methane total hydrocarbons in exhaust gas and heavy metal ions in wastewater), while mesopores (pore size 2-50nm) can accommodate larger molecule pollutants. The reasonable distribution of pore structure provides a structural basis for efficient purification.

[0016] The purifying agent can be used for both exhaust gas and wastewater purification, and its purification effect is comparable to that of commercially available activated carbon. It breaks through the limitation of traditional solid waste-based adsorbents being "single-function" and achieves "multi-purpose use of one agent", reducing the cost for enterprises to purchase treatment materials separately for different pollutants. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] The present invention discloses a purification agent based on solid waste, which is prepared by the following steps: Solid waste classification, enrichment, and pretreatment: The solid waste types include coal gangue, gasification slag, and fly ash. First, the coal gangue is crushed and screened sequentially, with the sieved material having a particle size of less than 2 mm as the result. The gasification slag is crushed and flotated sequentially to obtain carbonaceous gasification slag material. The fly ash is screened and flotated sequentially to obtain carbonaceous fly ash material.

[0019] The principle of flotation is as follows: flotation reagents are added to the crushed gasification slag slurry (or fly ash slurry), so that the hydrophobic residual carbon particles adsorb the collector (enhancing hydrophobicity) on their surface. Under the stirring and aeration of the flotation machine, the residual carbon particles adhere to the bubbles and rise to the surface of the slurry with the bubbles (forming a foam product, i.e., a material with a high carbon content); while the hydrophilic inorganic mineral particles remain at the bottom of the slurry (forming a tailings product, i.e., a material with a high content of inorganic minerals).

[0020] In gravity separation, the core of separating materials with higher inorganic mineral content from those with higher carbon content lies in utilizing their density difference (materials with higher carbon content are mainly composed of residual carbon and typically have lower density; materials with higher inorganic mineral content are mainly composed of inorganic minerals and typically have higher density). This separation is achieved gradually through classification and purification in two stages of gravity separation equipment. Materials with higher inorganic mineral content, due to their higher density, are pushed forward by the shaking table during its reciprocating motion (due to their greater inertia, they are less easily washed away by water flow), while simultaneously moving slowly downwards along the inclined direction of the table surface. They eventually accumulate at the concentrate end of the shaking table (the lower heavy product area, usually the baffle area at the edge of the table surface), becoming the final decarbonized material (high purity, low residual carbon content). Materials with higher carbon content, due to their lower density and lower inertia, are easily carried away by the lateral flushing water and migrate towards the tailings end of the shaking table (the upper light product area, near the feed end) with the reciprocating motion of the table surface, ultimately being discharged from the tailings end as the selected carbon-containing material.

[0021] In this application, both the carbon-containing gasification slag and the carbon-containing fly ash are high-quality materials containing carbon. Enriching them and leveraging the advantages of carbon makes them excellent raw materials for preparing purification agents. Meanwhile, coal gangue is rich in inorganic minerals such as SiO2 and Al2O3, and can serve as an excellent carrier for adsorption materials.

[0022] Preparation of the purifying agent: The mixture of the above-obtained sieve undersize material (40%–50% by mass), carbonaceous gasification slag (20%–30% by mass), and carbonaceous fly ash (10%–40% by mass) is ground to 300–600 mesh. Water (6%–12% by mass) and binder (1%–5% by mass) are added to the ground powder sequentially. The mixture is then subjected to shaping, gasification, drying, carbonization, and activation to obtain the purifying agent. This purifying agent is used to treat waste gas or wastewater.

[0023] In this application, the coal gangue comes from coal mines and coal preparation plants, the gasification slag comes from coal chemical enterprises, and the fly ash comes from coal-fired power plants. The following describes the main chemical composition of a specific coal gangue, gasification slag, and fly ash. The following examples utilize this coal gangue, gasification slag, and fly ash.

[0024] Coal gangue (percentage by mass): SiO2 41.5%, Al2O3 10.2%, Fe2O3 5.4%, CaO 2.1%, K2O 2.8%, MgO 1.3%, Na2O 0.6%.

[0025] Gasification slag: (1) Coarse slag (percentage is mass fraction): SiO2 is 35.2%, Al2O3 is 15.6%, Fe2O3 is 15.1%, CaO is 15.4%, K2O is 2.4%, TiO2 is 1.2%, MgO is 1.3%, Na2O is 1.2%, and C is 2.9%.

[0026] (2) Fine residue (percentage is mass fraction): SiO2 is 37.1%, Al2O3 is 11.2%, Fe2O3 is 5.3%, CaO is 5.9%, K2O is 2.4%, TiO2 is 0.6%, MgO is 1.2%, Na2O is 0.6%, and C is 24.3%.

[0027] Fly ash (percentage by mass): SiO2 41.6%, Al2O3 30.7%, Fe2O3 6.5%, CaO 2.4%, K2O 0.7%, MgO 1.3%, Na2O 0.1%, C 8.6%.

[0028] The exhaust gas comes from various stages of chemical product recovery at a coal coking plant in Hebei Province (cold drum section, desulfurization ammonium sulfate section, crude benzene section, and tank area); the wastewater comes from high-salt wastewater electrodialysis concentrate from a coal chemical plant in Inner Mongolia and leachate from a municipal solid waste landfill in Shaanxi Province. Specific indicators are shown in the table below.

[0029] Example 1: Solid waste classification and enrichment pretreatment: Coal gangue is crushed in two stages, with a vibrating screen mesh of 10 mesh; gasification slag is subjected to reagent flotation, with kerosene (3% dosage) selected for coarse slag and waste edible oil (5% dosage) selected for fine slag, and octanol (0.3% dosage) selected as the frother, with a flotation stirring speed of 750 r / min and a stirring time of 3 min; for fly ash flotation, pine oil (2% dosage) is selected as the reagent, butanol (0.1% dosage) is selected as the frother, with a flotation stirring speed of 500 r / min and a stirring time of 2 min.

[0030] Preparation of the purifying agent: A mixture of 45% undersize material, 25% carbonaceous gasification slag, and 20% carbonaceous fly ash was ground to 400 mesh. 8% water and 2% aluminum sol (percentages by mass) were added sequentially to the ground powder. The powder was shaped into spheres with a diameter of 4mm–6mm. The vaporization temperature was 62℃, and the vaporization time was 3.5 hours. The drying temperature was 95℃, and the drying time was 3 hours. The carbonization temperature was 600℃, and the carbonization time was 1 hour. The activation temperature was 800℃, and the activation time was 2 hours. The temperature was programmed to increase to the carbonization point at 10℃ / min, stabilize for 1 hour, and then increase to the activation point at 5℃ / min, stabilizing for 2 hours. The specific surface area of ​​the obtained purifying agent was 924 m². 2 / g, micropores account for 84%, mesopores account for 16%, and the porosity is 43%.

[0031] Example 2: Solid waste classification and enrichment pretreatment: Coal gangue is crushed in two stages using a vibrating screen with a mesh size of 10; gasification slag is subjected to reagent flotation, with kerosene (3% dosage) for coarse slag, diesel (5% dosage) for fine slag, and butanol (0.3% dosage) as the frother, with a flotation stirring speed of 900 r / min and a stirring time of 4 min; fly ash flotation reagents include kerosene (3% dosage) and butanol (0.2% dosage), with a flotation stirring speed of 500 r / min and a stirring time of 1 min.

[0032] Preparation of the purifying agent: A mixture of 42% undersize material, 28% carbonaceous gasification slag, and 17% carbonaceous fly ash was ground to 500 mesh. 10% water and 3% kaolin (by mass) were added sequentially to the ground powder. The mixture was shaped into particles with a diameter of 1mm–2mm. The vaporization temperature was 80℃, and the vaporization time was 2 hours. The drying temperature was 100℃, and the drying time was 2 hours. The carbonization temperature was 500℃, and the carbonization time was 2 hours. The activation temperature was 800℃, and the activation time was 2.5 hours. The temperature was programmed to increase to the carbonization point at a rate of 10℃ / min, stabilize for 1 hour, and then increase to the activation point at a rate of 5℃ / min, stabilizing for 2 hours. The resulting purifying agent had a specific surface area of ​​963 m². 2 / g, micropores account for 86%, mesopores account for 14%, and porosity is 46%.

[0033] Example 3: Solid waste classification, enrichment, and pretreatment: Coal gangue is crushed in two stages using a vibrating screen with a mesh size of 6; gasification slag is treated with reagent flotation, with pine oil (4% dosage) for coarse slag, dodecane (6% dosage) for fine slag, and camphor oil (0.2% dosage) as the frother, with a flotation stirring speed of 1000 r / min and a stirring time of 2 min; Fly ash flotation reagents include diesel oil (3% dosage) and fusel oil (0.2% dosage) as the frother, with a flotation stirring speed of 1000 r / min and a stirring time of 3 min.

[0034] Preparation of the purifying agent: A mixture of 48% undersize material, 22% carbonaceous gasification slag, and 17% carbonaceous fly ash was ground to 500 mesh. 10% water and 3% water glass (by mass) were added sequentially to the ground powder. The powder was shaped into plates with a thickness of 1mm–4mm. The vaporization temperature was 75℃, and the vaporization time was 2 hours. The drying temperature was 90℃, and the drying time was 4 hours. The carbonization temperature was 700℃, and the carbonization time was 1.5 hours. The activation temperature was 900℃, and the activation time was 2.5 hours. The temperature was programmed to increase to the carbonization point at 10℃ / min, stabilize for 1 hour, and then increase to the activation point at 5℃ / min, stabilizing for 2 hours. The specific surface area of ​​the obtained purifying agent was 1020 m². 2 / g, micropores account for 89%, mesopores account for 11%, and the porosity is 52%.

[0035] Example 4: The purifying agent from Example 1 and commercially available activated carbon were tested under the same conditions. Process conditions: dosage was 1 / 2 of the purification tower volume; exhaust gas inlet velocity was 15 L / s / m³. 3 The wastewater inflow rate is 5m. 3 / h. The comparison of the processed indicators is shown in the table below.

[0036] Example 5: The purifying agent from Example 2 and commercially available activated carbon were tested under the same conditions. Process conditions: dosage was 1 / 2 of the purification tower volume; exhaust gas inlet velocity was 15 L / s / m³. 3 The wastewater inflow rate is 5m. 3 / h. The comparison of the processed indicators is shown in the table below.

[0037] Example 6: The purifying agent from Example 3 and commercially available activated carbon were tested under the same conditions. Process conditions: dosage was 1 / 2 of the purification tower volume; exhaust gas inlet velocity was 15 L / s / m³. 3 The wastewater inflow rate is 5m. 3 / h. The comparison of the processed indicators is shown in the table below.

[0038] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A purification agent prepared from solid waste, characterized in that, It is prepared through the following steps: S100. Classify and enrich solid waste for pretreatment, including coal gangue, gasification slag, and fly ash. S110. Coal gangue is crushed and screened sequentially to obtain coal gangue undersize with a particle size of less than 2 mm. S120 and gasification slag are successively crushed and floated to obtain carbon-containing gasification slag material; S130 and fly ash are sequentially screened and floated to obtain fly ash carbonaceous material; S200, preparation of purifying agent; S210. The coal gangue undersize, carbonaceous gasification slag and carbonaceous fly ash are mixed and then ground to 300 mesh to 600 mesh to obtain mixture A. S220. Water and binder are added sequentially to mixture A to obtain mixture B, wherein the components and mass fractions of mixture B are: 40%–50% coal gangue undersize, 20%–30% gasification slag containing carbon, 10%–40% fly ash containing carbon, 6%–12% water, and 1%–5% binder. Mixture B is then subjected to shaping, gasification, drying, carbonization, and activation to obtain a purifying agent.

2. The purification agent based on solid waste preparation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main chemical composition and mass percentage of coal gangue in S110 are: SiO2≥40%, Al2O3≥10%, Fe2O3≥5%, CaO≥2%, K2O≥2%, MgO≥1%, Na2O≥0.5%. The processing equipment in S110 includes a crusher and a vibrating screen. The crushing level is selected as 1 to 2, and the mesh size of the vibrating screen is selected as 4 to 10 mesh. If the coal gangue particle size is greater than 13mm, a 2-stage crushing and 2-stage screening are used. If the coal gangue particle size is 5mm to 13mm, a 1-stage crushing and 1-stage screening are used. After crushing and screening, coal gangue undersize with a particle size of less than 2mm is obtained.

3. The purification agent based on solid waste preparation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gasification slag in S120 is divided into coarse gasification slag and fine gasification slag. The main chemical composition and mass percentage of the coarse gasification slag are: SiO2≥35%, Al2O3≥15%, Fe2O3≥15%, CaO≥15%, K2O≥2%, TiO2≥1%, MgO≥1%, Na2O≥1%, C≥2%. The main chemical composition and mass percentage of the fine gasification slag are: SiO2≥35%, Al2O3≥10%, Fe2O3≥5%, CaO≥5%, K2O≥2%, TiO2≥0.5%, MgO≥1%, Na2O≥0.5%, C≥20%. After crushing, the gasification slag yields a flotation material with a particle size of less than 2mm. The flotation material is then processed through at least one or a combination of reagent flotation and gravity separation to obtain carbon-containing gasification slag. The decarbonized gasification slag is either the froth scraped off after reagent flotation or the light product from the tailings end of the shaking table after gravity separation. The gravity separation process employs a two-stage process. The first stage is a spiral chute process, requiring 0.2 to 0.5 tons of flushing water per ton of gasification slag. The second stage is a shaking table gravity separation process, requiring 0.5 to 3 tons of flushing water per ton of gasification slag.

4. The purification agent based on solid waste preparation according to claim 3, characterized in that, During the reagent flotation of coarse gasification slag, flotation reagents and frothers are added. The amount of flotation reagents added accounts for 1% to 5% of the total mass of the coarse gasification slag, flotation reagents, and frothers, while the amount of frother added accounts for 0.1% to 0.3% of the total mass of the coarse gasification slag, flotation reagents, and frothers. Similarly, during the reagent flotation of fine gasification slag, flotation reagents and frothers are added. The amount of flotation reagents added accounts for 1% to 5% of the total mass of the coarse gasification slag, flotation reagents, and frothers, while the amount of frothers added accounts for 0.1% to 0.3 ... fine gasification slag, flotation reagents, and frothers, while the amount of frothers added accounts for 0.1% to 0.3% of the total mass of the fine gasification slag, flotation reagents, and frothers, while the amount of frothers added accounts for 0.1% to 0.3% of the total mass of the fine gasification slag, flotation reagents, and frothers, respectively. The flotation reagent and frother are added at 2% to 10% of the total mass of the flotation reagent and frother. The amount of frother added is 0.1% to 0.3% of the total mass of the gasification fine slag, the flotation reagent for the gasification fine slag, and the flotation reagent for the fine slag. The flotation reagent for the coarse slag is selected from at least one of kerosene and pine oil, the flotation reagent for the fine slag is selected from at least one of diesel oil, waste edible oil, and dodecane, and the frother is selected from any one of octanol, butanol, fusel oil, and camphor oil. The stirring speed for the gasification slag flotation is 500 r / min to 2000 r / min, and the stirring time is 1 min to 5 min.

5. The purification agent based on solid waste preparation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main chemical composition and mass percentage of fly ash in S130 are: SiO2≥40%, Al2O3≥30%, Fe2O3≥5%, CaO≥2%, K2O≥0.5%, MgO≥1%, Na2O≥0.1%, C≥8%. After screening, the fly ash undergoes flotation to obtain carbonaceous fly ash material, which is the foam scraped-off material after flotation. During the flotation process, flotation reagents and frothers are added to the fly ash material. The dosage of the reagents is 1% to 3% of the total mass of the coal ash, the flotation reagents for coal ash, and the frother. The dosage of the frother is 0.1% to 0.2% of the total mass of the coal ash, the flotation reagents for coal ash, and the frother. The flotation reagents for coal ash are selected from at least one of kerosene, pine oil, diesel oil, and waste edible oil. The frother is selected from any one of octanol, butanol, fusel oil, and camphor oil. The flotation stirring speed of the coal ash is 500 r / min to 1500 r / min, and the stirring time is 1 min to 4 min.

6. The purification agent prepared from solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, The binder in S220 is any one of water glass, clay, kaolin, or alumina sol.

7. The purification agent based on solid waste preparation according to claim 1, characterized in that, After shaping, S220 forms one or more of the following shapes: spherical with a diameter of 1 mm to 10 mm, plate-like with a thickness of 1 mm to 4 mm, and granular with a particle size of 0.5 mm to 5 mm; the vaporization medium is water vapor, the temperature is 60℃ to 80℃, and the vaporization time is 2 h to 5 h; the drying temperature is 90℃ to 110℃, and the drying time is 3 h to 5 h; the carbonization temperature is 500℃ to 800℃, and the carbonization time is 1 h to 2 h; the activation temperature is 800℃ to 1000℃, and the activation time is 2 h to 3 h.

8. The purification agent prepared from solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific surface area of ​​the purifying agent is 600 m². 2 / g~1150m 2 / g, micropores account for 80%–90%, mesopores account for 10%–20%, and porosity is 35%–55%, of which the pore size of micropores is less than 2nm and the pore size of mesopores is 2nm–50nm.

9. A method for applying a purification agent prepared from solid waste as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, used for purifying waste gas or wastewater, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The purifying agent is added to the purification tower; b. The exhaust gas is introduced into the bottom of the purification tower by a fan, or the coal chemical wastewater and landfill leachate are introduced into the top of the purification tower by a pump, and the exhaust gas or wastewater is purified by a purifying agent.

10. The method of applying a purifying agent according to claim 9, characterized in that, In step a, the amount of purifying agent added is 1 / 3 to 2 / 3 of the purification tower volume; the exhaust gas inlet velocity is 10 L / s / m. 3 ~30L / s / m 3 The wastewater inflow rate is 5m. 3 / h~10m 3 / h.

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