Intelligent adjusting building external sunshade system based on photovoltaic power generation

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of building energy conservation and photovoltaic building integration, and discloses an intelligent adjustment building external sunshade system based on photovoltaic power generation. The flexible photovoltaic sunshade assembly serves as a movable building external sunshade component and is used for shielding solar radiation and converting solar energy into electric energy at the same time; the adjusting mechanism is installed on the flexible photovoltaic sun-shading assembly and used for adjusting the state of a flexible photovoltaic piece of the flexible photovoltaic sun-shading assembly, environment parameters can be sensed in real time, the state of the sun-shading assembly can be intelligently adjusted, the problems that traditional external sun-shading is warm in winter and efficient sun-shading is difficult in summer are solved, all-season adaptation is achieved, energy consumption in winter and summer is reduced, and the sun-shading effect is good. An indoor sensor is combined, lighting and photovoltaic efficiency are balanced according to needs, the contradiction between comfort and functions of a traditional product is solved, the photovoltaic function and an energy management module are integrated, electric energy storage and conversion are achieved, the single function of traditional external sunshade is broken through, and the energy utilization efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building energy conservation and building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV), specifically to an intelligent adjustable building shading system based on photovoltaic power generation. Background Technology

[0002] As society's demands for building energy conservation and indoor environmental comfort continue to increase, building external shading systems have become an important part of modern green buildings because they can effectively block solar radiation and reduce air conditioning cooling load. At the same time, photovoltaic technology, as a mature clean energy solution, is being increasingly integrated into the building envelope to form a building photovoltaic integrated system.

[0003] Traditional fixed external shading systems are simple in structure and low in cost, providing some shading effect under specific seasons and orientations. However, their biggest drawback is their inability to adaptively adjust to dynamically changing outdoor climate conditions (such as solar altitude angle, light intensity, and temperature). In winter or when sunlight is insufficient, they may block beneficial solar radiation from entering the building, increasing heating energy consumption and affecting natural indoor lighting, resulting in poor energy efficiency and comfort throughout the day. Therefore, we propose an intelligent adjustable building external shading system based on photovoltaic power generation to address these problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an intelligent adjustable building shading system based on photovoltaic power generation. This system solves the problems of traditional fixed external shading systems, which cannot adaptively adjust to outdoor climate, block beneficial solar radiation in winter, increase heating energy consumption, are difficult to provide efficient shading in summer, are prone to excessive shading affecting indoor lighting, and only provide shading without energy recovery function.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an intelligent adjustable building shading system based on photovoltaic power generation, comprising;

[0006] Flexible photovoltaic shading components, as movable building exterior shading components, are used to block solar radiation and simultaneously convert solar energy into electrical energy;

[0007] An adjustment mechanism, installed on the flexible photovoltaic shading component, is used to adjust the state of the flexible photovoltaic panels of the flexible photovoltaic shading component;

[0008] An energy management module, electrically connected to the flexible photovoltaic shading module, is used to manage the electrical energy generated by it;

[0009] An environmental sensing module is used to monitor environmental parameters in real time, including at least outdoor light intensity and outdoor temperature.

[0010] The intelligent controller is electrically connected to the environmental sensing module, the adjustment mechanism, and the flexible photovoltaic shading component, respectively.

[0011] The intelligent controller is configured to generate control commands based on the data monitored by the environmental sensing module, and drive the adjustment mechanism to change the physical state of the flexible photovoltaic shading component.

[0012] Furthermore, the electrical energy generated by the flexible photovoltaic shading component is used to power at least the environmental sensing module, the intelligent controller, and the adjustment mechanism.

[0013] Preferably, the flexible photovoltaic shading component includes a frame and multiple sets of rotating shafts rotatably mounted via bearings. A shading plate is fixedly mounted on the surface of the rotating shaft, and a flexible photovoltaic sheet is integrated or attached to one side of the shading plate.

[0014] Preferably, the adjustment mechanism includes a motor fixedly installed at the mounting slot position opened in the frame, a first gear fixedly installed at the output end of the motor, and a second gear fixedly installed at one end of the surface of the rotating shaft;

[0015] It also includes a rack, the tooth surfaces of which are respectively meshed with the first gear and the second gear. The two ends of the rack are connected to the frame through telescopic rods. A housing cover for protecting the motor, rack and first gear is fixedly installed on one side of the frame. The first gear and the second gear are in a separated state.

[0016] Preferably, the adjustment mechanism further includes a conductive sheet fixed to the inner sidewall of the frame, a rectangular groove is provided on the surface of the rotating shaft, and a conductive post is provided in the rectangular groove. The rotating shaft is provided with a moving groove adapted to the conductive post. A spring is wound around the surface of the conductive post, and the two ends of the spring are respectively connected to the conductive post and the rotating shaft. The conductive post is electrically connected to the flexible photovoltaic cell.

[0017] The conductive post, in conjunction with the spring, is always in contact with the surface of the conductive sheet.

[0018] Preferably, the power management module includes a battery and an inverter, wherein the battery is used to store the electrical energy generated by the flexible photovoltaic cell, and the inverter is used to convert direct current into alternating current.

[0019] Preferably, the power management module further includes a solar charging controller, which has maximum power point tracking and manages the charging and discharging process of the battery.

[0020] Preferably, the environmental sensing module further includes a wind speed sensor and a raindrop sensor;

[0021] The intelligent controller is further configured to generate a safety command to drive the adjustment mechanism to adjust the flexible photovoltaic shading component to a safe state of retraction or complete closure when the wind speed sensor detects that the wind speed exceeds a preset safety threshold, or when the raindrop sensor detects rainfall.

[0022] Preferably, the environmental sensing module further includes an indoor light sensor and a people presence sensor installed indoors;

[0023] The multi-objective optimization algorithm of the intelligent controller is configured as follows:

[0024] When no one is detected indoors, the flexible photovoltaic shading module is adjusted with the goal of maximizing photovoltaic power generation efficiency as the priority.

[0025] When someone is detected indoors, adjustments are made with the priority of ensuring indoor environmental comfort.

[0026] Preferably, the intelligent controller has a built-in astronomical clock algorithm, which can calculate the real-time solar altitude angle and azimuth angle based on the building's geographical location information and real-time time, and use it to assist in generating control commands.

[0027] Preferably, the system further includes a user interaction module, which includes a local control panel and a remote communication unit; through the user interaction module, the user can manually set the working mode and target parameters of the flexible photovoltaic shading component or directly control its status, and can view the system's power generation data, environmental parameters and operating status in real time.

[0028] Beneficial effects

[0029] This invention provides an intelligent adjustable building shading system based on photovoltaic power generation. Compared with existing technologies, it has the following advantages:

[0030] This intelligent adjustable building shading system based on photovoltaic power generation captures parameters such as solar altitude angle, light intensity, and temperature in real time through an environmental sensing module. The intelligent controller drives the adjustment mechanism to adjust the state of the flexible photovoltaic shading components, avoiding the problem of traditional fixed external shading that "blocks warm sunlight in winter and is difficult to provide efficient shading in summer." In winter, it allows beneficial solar radiation to enter the room to reduce heating energy consumption, and in summer, it accurately blocks strong light to reduce air conditioning load, achieving all-season adaptability.

[0031] Relying on indoor light sensors and human presence sensors, when there are people indoors, priority is given to ensuring that the light is within a comfortable range, avoiding insufficient lighting caused by excessive shading in traditional external shading; when there are no people indoors, the focus is on photovoltaic efficiency, taking into account both shading and energy recovery, thus resolving the contradiction between comfort and function in traditional products.

[0032] By combining flexible photovoltaic panels with sunshades, the system can convert solar energy into shading while providing shade. The energy management module enables the storage and conversion of electrical energy, which not only powers the system itself but also supplements the building's electricity consumption with excess energy. This breaks through the limitations of traditional single-function external sunshades, aligns with the trend of building-integrated photovoltaics, and improves energy efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the flexible photovoltaic shading module structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the overall housing cover of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 An enlarged structural diagram at point A;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a block diagram of the overall system connection of the present invention.

[0037] In the diagram: 1. Flexible photovoltaic shading module; 101. Frame; 102. Rotating shaft; 103. Shading plate; 104. Flexible photovoltaic sheet; 2. Adjustment mechanism; 201. Motor; 202. Rack; 203. First gear; 204. Telescopic rod; 205. Housing cover; 206. Conductive sheet; 207. Conductive column; 208. Spring; 209. Second gear. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] like Figure 1-4 As shown:

[0040] A smart adjustable building shading system based on photovoltaic power generation, comprising:

[0041] The flexible photovoltaic shading component 1, as a movable building exterior shading component, is used to block solar radiation and convert solar energy into electrical energy at the same time. The flexible photovoltaic shading component 1 includes a frame 101 and multiple sets of rotating shafts 102 rotatably mounted by bearings. A shading plate 103 is fixedly mounted on the surface of the rotating shaft 102. A flexible photovoltaic sheet 104 is integrated or attached to one side of the shading plate 103.

[0042] Adjustment mechanism 2 is installed on flexible photovoltaic shading component 1 and is used to adjust the state of flexible photovoltaic sheet 104 of flexible photovoltaic shading component 1. Adjustment mechanism 2 includes motor 201 fixedly installed at the mounting slot position opened in frame 101. First gear 203 is fixedly installed at the output end of motor 201 and second gear 209 is fixedly installed at one end of the surface of rotating shaft 102.

[0043] It also includes a rack 202, whose tooth surfaces are respectively meshed with the first gear 203 and the second gear 209. The two ends of the rack 202 are connected to the frame 101 through a telescopic rod 204. A housing cover 205 is fixedly installed on one side of the frame 101 to protect the motor 201, the rack 202, and the first gear 203. The first gear 203 and the second gear 209 are in a separated state. The adjustment mechanism 2 also includes a conductive sheet 206 fixed to the inner side wall of the frame 101. A rectangular groove is opened on the surface of the rotating shaft 102, and a conductive post 207 is provided in the rectangular groove. The rotating shaft 102 is opened with a moving groove adapted to the conductive post 207. A spring 208 is wound around the surface of the conductive post 207. The two ends of the spring 208 are respectively connected to the conductive post 207 and the rotating shaft 102. The conductive post 207 is electrically connected to the flexible photovoltaic sheet 104.

[0044] Among them, the conductive post 207, with the cooperation of the spring 208, is always in contact with the surface of the conductive sheet 206;

[0045] An energy management module, electrically connected to the flexible photovoltaic shading module, is used to manage the electrical energy generated by it. The energy management module includes a battery and an inverter. The battery is used to store the electrical energy generated by the flexible photovoltaic panel 104, and the inverter is used to convert DC power to AC power. The energy management module also includes a solar charge controller, which has maximum power point tracking function and manages the charging and discharging process of the battery.

[0046] The environmental sensing module is used to monitor environmental parameters in real time, including at least outdoor light intensity and outdoor temperature. The environmental sensing module also includes a wind speed sensor and a raindrop sensor.

[0047] The intelligent controller is further configured to generate a safety command to drive the adjustment mechanism 2 to adjust the flexible photovoltaic shading component 1 to a safe state of retraction or complete closure when the wind speed sensor detects that the wind speed exceeds the preset safety threshold or the raindrop sensor detects rainfall.

[0048] The environmental sensing module also includes indoor lighting sensors and human presence sensors installed indoors;

[0049] The multi-objective optimization algorithm of the intelligent controller is configured as follows:

[0050] When no one is detected indoors, the flexible photovoltaic shading module 1 is adjusted with the goal of maximizing photovoltaic power generation efficiency as the priority.

[0051] The intelligent controller is electrically connected to the environmental sensing module, the adjustment mechanism 2 and the flexible photovoltaic shading component 1 respectively. The intelligent controller has a built-in astronomical clock algorithm, which can calculate the real-time solar altitude angle and azimuth angle based on the building's geographical location information and real-time time, and use it to assist in generating control commands.

[0052] The intelligent controller is configured to generate control commands based on the data monitored by the environmental sensing module and drive the adjustment mechanism 2 to change the physical state of the flexible photovoltaic shading component 1.

[0053] Furthermore, the electrical energy generated by the flexible photovoltaic shading module 1 is used to power at least the environmental sensing module, the intelligent controller, and the regulation mechanism 2.

[0054] The system also includes a user interaction module, which includes a local control panel and a remote communication unit. Through the user interaction module, users can manually set the working mode and target parameters of the flexible photovoltaic shading component 1 or directly control its status, and can view the system's power generation data, environmental parameters and operating status in real time.

[0055] In this implementation plan: When the photovoltaic power generation-based intelligent adjustable building external shading system is in use, after the system is installed, the user can input the building's geographical location information through the user interaction module, which includes a local control panel and a remote communication unit. The astronomical clock algorithm built into the intelligent controller will then be activated, and the initial calibration will be completed in combination with the input geographical location information, laying the foundation for subsequent calculations of solar altitude angle and azimuth angle. The user can set the system's basic parameters through the interaction module, including wind speed safety thresholds, indoor comfort-related target parameters such as light intensity range, temperature range, and preferred working modes.

[0056] The battery in the energy management module completes the initial power supply test, and the solar charging controller enters standby mode, ready to receive the electrical energy generated by the flexible photovoltaic shading module 1.

[0057] The environmental sensing module initiates comprehensive monitoring: outdoor light and temperature sensors continuously collect external climate data; wind speed and rain sensors capture real-time weather changes; indoor light and occupancy sensors simultaneously acquire indoor environmental and occupancy information.

[0058] All monitored environmental parameters, such as light intensity, temperature, wind speed, rainfall, presence of people indoors, and indoor lighting, are transmitted to the intelligent controller in real time to form a dynamic data pool.

[0059] After receiving the data, the intelligent controller calculates the real-time solar altitude angle and azimuth angle using an astronomical clock algorithm, and combines outdoor light intensity and temperature data to make a preliminary judgment on shading and power generation needs.

[0060] A multi-objective optimization algorithm is initiated based on the presence of personnel sensor data: when no one is indoors, the core objective is to maximize the photovoltaic power generation efficiency of flexible photovoltaic shading component 1; when people are indoors, the priority is to ensure the comfort of the indoor environment.

[0061] Safety determination is made by combining data from wind speed and raindrop sensors: if the wind speed exceeds a preset threshold or rainfall is detected, a safety priority is triggered, and a safety instruction to "retract or completely shut down flexible photovoltaic shading component 1" is generated; if the environment is safe, a state adjustment instruction is generated based on the above optimization objectives.

[0062] The intelligent controller sends a control command to the motor 201 of the adjustment mechanism 2. After the motor 201 starts, it drives the first gear 203 at the output end to rotate. The first gear 203 meshes with the rack 202 for transmission. The rack 202 moves linearly under the limiting and guiding action of the telescopic rod 204, which in turn drives the second gear 209 meshing with it to rotate. The rotating shaft 102 rotates synchronously with the second gear 209, realizing the angle adjustment of the sunshade 103, such as unfolding, retracting, and flipping, changing the physical state of the flexible photovoltaic sunshade component 1: when it is necessary to enhance sun shading, the angle of the sunshade 103 is adjusted so that one side of the flexible photovoltaic sheet 104 faces the sun and blocks the building facade; when it is necessary to increase lighting or heating, the sunshade 103 is adjusted to an angle that does not block sunlight; when it is necessary to ensure safety, the sunshade 103 is driven to fully retract or close.

[0063] During the adjustment process, the conductive post 207 on the rotating shaft 102 is always in contact with the conductive sheet 206 on the inner wall of the frame 101 under the elastic force of the spring 208, ensuring that the electrical connection between the flexible photovoltaic panel 104 and the energy management module is continuous and stable, and that the power transmission is not interrupted; at the same time, the housing cover 205 protects the motor 201, rack 202 and first gear 203, preventing external dust and rainwater from affecting the operation of the components;

[0064] The flexible photovoltaic panel 104 converts solar energy into direct current under sunlight conditions. This direct current is transmitted to the energy management module and solar charge controller through the contact between the conductive post 207 and the conductive sheet 206. The solar charge controller has maximum power point tracking. After receiving the direct current, it optimizes the charging efficiency and controls the charging and discharging process of the battery. When there is sufficient sunlight, excess energy is stored in the battery. When there is insufficient sunlight, the battery releases energy to supplement the power supply. The inverter converts the direct current into alternating current, which, together with the energy stored in the battery, powers various components of the system, including the environmental sensing module, the intelligent controller, and the motor 201 of the regulating mechanism 2, thus realizing a self-powered cycle for the system.

[0065] The operating status of each component of the system, the position of the motor 201 in the adjustment mechanism 2, the power generation of the flexible photovoltaic shading component 1, the battery power, and the working status of each sensor are fed back to the intelligent controller in real time and displayed to the user through the user interaction module.

[0066] The environmental perception module continuously collects data, and the intelligent controller re-executes the decision-making process at preset intervals to generate new control commands, driving the adjustment mechanism 2 to dynamically adjust the state of the flexible photovoltaic shading component 1 to achieve adaptive adjustment.

[0067] Users can manually intervene through the interactive module: modify target parameters, switch working modes, or directly control the status of flexible photovoltaic shading component 1. Manual commands have higher priority than automatic commands.

[0068] This solution uses an environmental sensing module to capture parameters such as solar altitude angle, light intensity, and temperature in real time. The intelligent controller drives the adjustment mechanism to adjust the state of the flexible photovoltaic shading components, avoiding the problem of traditional fixed external shading that "blocks warm sunlight in winter and is difficult to provide efficient shading in summer." In winter, it allows beneficial solar radiation to enter the room to reduce heating energy consumption, and in summer, it precisely blocks strong light to reduce air conditioning load, achieving all-season adaptability.

[0069] Relying on indoor light sensors and human presence sensors, when there are people indoors, priority is given to ensuring that the light is within a comfortable range, avoiding insufficient lighting caused by excessive shading in traditional external shading; when there are no people indoors, the focus is on photovoltaic efficiency, taking into account both shading and energy recovery, thus resolving the contradiction between comfort and function in traditional products.

[0070] By combining flexible photovoltaic panels with sunshades, the system can convert solar energy into shading while providing shade. The energy management module enables the storage and conversion of electrical energy, which not only powers the system itself but also supplements the building's electricity consumption with excess energy. This breaks through the limitations of traditional single-function external sunshades, aligns with the trend of building-integrated photovoltaics, and improves energy efficiency.

[0071] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A smart adjustable building shading system based on photovoltaic power generation, characterized in that, include; Flexible photovoltaic shading module (1), which serves as a movable building exterior shading component to block solar radiation and simultaneously convert solar energy into electrical energy; An adjustment mechanism (2) is installed on the flexible photovoltaic shading component (1) and is used to adjust the state of the flexible photovoltaic sheet (104) of the flexible photovoltaic shading component (1). An energy management module, electrically connected to the flexible photovoltaic shading module, is used to manage the electrical energy generated by it; An environmental sensing module is used to monitor environmental parameters in real time, including at least outdoor light intensity and outdoor temperature. The intelligent controller is electrically connected to the environmental sensing module, the adjustment mechanism (2), and the flexible photovoltaic shading component (1), respectively. The intelligent controller is configured to generate control commands based on the data monitored by the environmental perception module and drive the adjustment mechanism (2) to change the physical state of the flexible photovoltaic shading component (1). Furthermore, the electrical energy generated by the flexible photovoltaic shading component (1) is used to supply power to the environmental sensing module, the intelligent controller, and the adjustment mechanism (2).

2. The intelligent adjustable building shading system based on photovoltaic power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flexible photovoltaic shading component (1) includes a frame (101) and multiple sets of rotating shafts (102) rotatably mounted by bearings. A shading plate (103) is fixedly mounted on the surface of the rotating shaft (102), and a flexible photovoltaic sheet (104) is integrated or attached to one side of the shading plate (103).

3. The intelligent adjustable building shading system based on photovoltaic power generation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adjustment mechanism (2) includes a motor (201) fixedly installed in the mounting slot of the frame (101), a first gear (203) fixedly installed at the output end of the motor (201), and a second gear (209) fixedly installed at one end of the surface of the rotating shaft (102). It also includes a rack (202), the tooth surfaces of which are meshed with the first gear (203) and the second gear (209) respectively. The two ends of the rack (202) are connected to the frame (101) through a telescopic rod (204). A housing cover (205) is fixedly installed on one side of the frame (101) to protect the motor (201), the rack (202) and the first gear (203). The first gear (203) and the second gear (209) are in a separated state.

4. The intelligent adjustable building shading system based on photovoltaic power generation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adjustment mechanism (2) further includes a conductive sheet (206) fixed to the inner side wall of the frame (101). The surface of the rotating shaft (102) is provided with a rectangular groove, and a conductive post (207) is provided in the rectangular groove. The rotating shaft (102) is provided with a moving groove adapted to the conductive post (207). A spring (208) is wound around the surface of the conductive post (207). The two ends of the spring (208) are respectively connected to the conductive post (207) and the rotating shaft (102). The conductive post (207) is electrically connected to the flexible photovoltaic sheet (104). The conductive post (207) is always in contact with the surface of the conductive sheet (206) under the cooperation of the spring (208).

5. The intelligent adjustable building shading system based on photovoltaic power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power management module includes a battery and an inverter. The battery is used to store the electrical energy generated by the flexible photovoltaic cell (104), and the inverter is used to convert direct current into alternating current.

6. The intelligent adjustable building shading system based on photovoltaic power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power management module also includes a solar charging controller, which has maximum power point tracking and manages the charging and discharging process of the battery.

7. The intelligent adjustable building shading system based on photovoltaic power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The environmental sensing module also includes a wind speed sensor and a raindrop sensor; The intelligent controller is further configured to generate a safety command to drive the adjustment mechanism (2) to adjust the flexible photovoltaic shading component (1) to a safe state of retraction or complete closure when the wind speed sensor detects that the wind speed exceeds a preset safety threshold or the raindrop sensor detects rainfall.

8. The intelligent adjustable building shading system based on photovoltaic power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The environmental sensing module also includes an indoor light sensor and a human presence sensor installed indoors; The multi-objective optimization algorithm of the intelligent controller is configured as follows: When no one is detected indoors, the flexible photovoltaic shading component (1) is adjusted with the goal of maximizing photovoltaic power generation efficiency. When someone is detected indoors, adjustments are made with the priority of ensuring indoor environmental comfort.

9. The intelligent adjustable building shading system based on photovoltaic power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent controller has a built-in astronomical clock algorithm that can calculate the real-time solar altitude angle and azimuth angle based on the building's geographical location information and real-time time, and use this information to assist in generating control commands.

10. The intelligent adjustable building shading system based on photovoltaic power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system also includes a user interaction module, which includes a local control panel and a remote communication unit. Users can manually set the working mode and target parameters of the flexible photovoltaic shading component (1) or directly control its status through the user interaction module, and can view the system's power generation data, environmental parameters and operating status in real time.

Images