Low-temperature evaporation self-circulation sanitary system

Abstract

The invention provides a low-temperature evaporation self-circulation sanitary system which comprises a distillation still, a bacteriostatic agent box is installed on one side of the distillation still, and a sewage inlet electric ball valve is installed at the inlet end of the distillation still; the concentrated liquid box is arranged below the distillation kettle; the drying box is connected with the concentrated liquid box through a concentrated liquid pump; the exchanger group comprises a heat exchanger and a cold exchanger, a compressor and a radiator are connected between the heat exchanger and the cold exchanger, the heat exchanger is connected with the distillation kettle through a circulating pump, and the exchanger group is connected with the distillation kettle; the invention solves the problems in the aspects of processing capacity, high and low temperature environment, safety, reliability and the like of railway application. The low-temperature evaporation self-circulation toilet technology does not need to culture nitrobacteria and stay time, real-time treatment can be carried out, and the treatment capacity is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of wastewater treatment, specifically a low-temperature evaporation self-circulating sanitary system. Background Technology

[0002] In China, sewage from toilets on high-speed trains and bullet trains is collected in waste tanks under the train via a vacuum collection system and then discharged at stations. Due to the limited space available for these waste tanks on trains, the longer and more extra-long train lines are affected, the more frequently the waste tanks overflow and trigger alarms, rendering the toilets unusable and causing inconvenience to passengers. Continuing with the "fixed-point discharge and unified treatment" method would inevitably increase the workload of waste discharge at each station, consuming significant human and material resources. Simultaneously, the load on sewage treatment plants receiving this high-concentration sewage would increase significantly. If this exceeds their design capacity, it could not only cause imbalances or even damage to the treatment plant's biological systems but also deteriorate the effluent quality, affecting the receiving water bodies and leading to a series of negative consequences.

[0003] In summary, the present invention provides a low-temperature evaporation self-circulating sanitary system to solve the above-mentioned problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a low-temperature evaporation self-circulating sanitary system to solve problems such as imbalance or even damage to the biochemical system of treatment plants caused by existing technologies.

[0005] A low-temperature evaporation self-circulating sanitary system, comprising: A distillation vessel, wherein an antibacterial agent tank is installed on one side of the distillation vessel, and an electric ball valve for wastewater is installed at the inlet end of the distillation vessel; The concentrate tank is located below the distillation vessel; A drying oven, which is connected to a concentrate tank via a concentrate pump; The exchanger assembly includes a heat exchanger and a cold exchanger, with a compressor and a radiator connected between the heat exchanger and the cold exchanger. The heat exchanger is connected to the distillation vessel via a circulating pump, and the exchanger assembly is connected to the distillation vessel. A circulating water tank is connected to a cold exchanger via a vacuum generator, and a jet pump is installed on the circulating water tank. An electrolysis tank, which is connected to the circulating water tank via a gear pump; A recycled water tank is connected to an electrolysis tank.

[0006] Furthermore, it also includes a salt tank, which is connected to the electrolysis tank via a salt pump.

[0007] Furthermore, the concentrate tank is connected to the output end of the circulation pump via a concentrate valve.

[0008] Furthermore, a dosing tank is connected to the distillation vessel via a dosing pump.

[0009] Furthermore, an electric ball valve is installed between the circulating pump and the heat exchanger.

[0010] Furthermore, the radiator is connected to the cold exchanger, and an expansion valve is provided between the radiator and the cold exchanger.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention utilizes low-temperature evaporation self-circulation technology to boil and evaporate wastewater from vacuum toilets and washing facilities collected on high-speed trains at a low temperature (35°C). Combined with condensation and anti-ammoniation agents, it achieves efficient treatment and reuse of mixed wastewater from trains for toilet flushing, significantly reducing water consumption and pollutant emissions. At the same time, it improves toilet hygiene and user experience. The invention employs a physicochemical process, which, compared to biological methods, does not require the cultivation of microbial communities, requires less space, and has a shorter retention time.

[0012] 2. This invention addresses the issue of high-concentration domestic sewage effluent quality in small spaces (existing spaces in high-speed rail and trains). This system employs an online treatment method based on low-temperature evaporation, where mixed sewage undergoes boiling evaporation at a low temperature (35°C), effectively removing total phosphorus while also removing a significant portion of COD and total nitrogen. The addition of antibacterial agents prevents ammonification of fecal waste, and a deep treatment module further reduces excess ammonia nitrogen and COD, ensuring the system's effluent meets standards. This device eliminates the need for urine and feces separation, nitrifying bacteria cultivation, and membrane filtration, directly treating wastewater while producing effluent that meets standards for reuse in toilet flushing or direct discharge.

[0013] 3. This invention addresses the challenges of high and low temperature environments, safety, and reliability by meeting the processing capacity requirements of railway applications. The low-temperature evaporation self-circulating toilet technology eliminates the need for cultivating nitrifying bacteria and time retention, enabling real-time processing with high capacity. The system incorporates its own heat source and cooling system, allowing for normal operation even in low-temperature environments. The system does not contain a high-pressure vessel, eliminating safety hazards. Furthermore, the system does not employ membrane technology and does not require periodically replaced functional components. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a diagram of the device of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a system flowchart of the present invention.

[0015] In the picture: 1. Inlet electric ball valve; 2. Antibacterial agent tank; 3. Distillation kettle; 4. Circulation pump; 5. Electric ball valve; 6. Heat exchanger; 7. Cold exchanger; 8. Vacuum generator; 9. Jet pump; 10. Circulating water tank; 11. Gear pump; 12. Electrolysis tank; 13. Reclaimed water tank; 14. Dosing pump; 15. Dosing tank; 16. Concentrate tank; 17. Drying oven; 18. Concentrate pump; 19. Salt pump; 20. Salt tank; 21. Concentrate valve; 22. Compressor; 23. Radiator. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

[0017] like Figures 1-2 As shown, this invention proposes a low-temperature evaporation self-circulating sanitary system, comprising: Distillation vessel 3, with an antibacterial agent box 2 installed on one side of the distillation vessel 3, and an electric ball valve 1 for inlet sludge installed at the inlet end of the distillation vessel 3; The concentrate tank 16 is located below the distillation vessel 3; Drying chamber 17 is connected to concentrate tank 16 via concentrate pump 18; The exchanger assembly includes a heat exchanger 6 and a cold exchanger 7. A compressor 22 and a radiator 23 are connected between the heat exchanger 6 and the cold exchanger 7. The heat exchanger 6 is connected to the distillation vessel 3 via a circulating pump 4. The exchanger assembly is connected to the distillation vessel 3. The circulating water tank 10 is connected to the cold exchanger 7 via a vacuum generator 8, and a jet pump 9 is installed on the circulating water tank 10. Electrolysis tank 12 is connected to circulating water tank 10 via gear pump 11; Reclaimed water tank 13 is connected to electrolysis tank 12.

[0018] As one embodiment of the present invention, it also includes a salt tank 20, which is connected to the electrolysis tank 12 via a salt pump 19.

[0019] In one embodiment of the present invention, the concentrate tank 16 is connected to the output end of the circulation pump 4 via the concentrate valve 21.

[0020] In one embodiment of the present invention, a dosing tank 15 is connected to the distillation vessel 3 via a dosing pump 14.

[0021] In one embodiment of the present invention, an electric ball valve 5 is installed between the circulating pump 4 and the heat exchanger 6.

[0022] In one embodiment of the present invention, the radiator 23 is connected to the heat exchanger 7, and an expansion valve is provided between the radiator 23 and the heat exchanger 7.

[0023] After the system starts, when the negative pressure value in the distillation vessel 3 is less than -97 kPa, the jet pump 9 starts to run. It uses the rapid flow of liquid in the circulating water tank 10 to form a negative pressure zone in the vacuum generator 8, which draws away the gas in the distillation vessel 3 and pipelines, establishes a negative pressure state, and uses negative pressure vacuum evaporation to reduce the pressure in the distillation vessel and lower the boiling point. This can prevent the components in the wastewater from being decomposed by heat to the greatest extent and reduce the difficulty of treatment.

[0024] When the toilet wastewater needs to be treated, the inlet electric ball valve 1 opens, and the toilet wastewater (about 30L) is drawn into the distillation kettle 3 by negative pressure. At the same time, the agent in the antibacterial agent tank 2 will also enter the distillation kettle 3 and mix with the wastewater. The concentration of antibacterial agent is 10mg / L, and the specific dosage can be adjusted appropriately according to the wastewater quality.

[0025] The negative pressure process is used to establish negative pressure in the system, thereby reducing the pressure inside the distillation vessel 3 and lowering the boiling point. This is to prevent the components in the wastewater from being decomposed by heat to the greatest extent possible and reduce the difficulty of treatment.

[0026] Adding an antibacterial agent to the distillation vessel 3 can effectively reduce the degree of hydrolysis and ammonification of nitrogenous substances in urine, control the ammonia nitrogen content at around 10%, and reduce the concentration of ammonia nitrogen overflow during subsequent evaporation.

[0027] Confirm that the electric ball valve 1 is fully open and the concentrate valve 21 is fully closed. Start the circulation pump 4 to allow the liquid in the distillation vessel 3 to flow through the heat exchanger 6 and be in a state of circulation. The heat exchanger 6 is used for heating to increase the heat exchange area. At the same time, the circulation pump 4 is used to enhance the circulation flow, which can effectively prevent dirt from sticking to the pipes and the inner wall of the tank.

[0028] When the heat pump system starts operating, the compressor 22 drives the refrigerant / heating medium to circulate in the heat exchange pipeline. The refrigerant releases heat in the heat exchanger 6, and excess heat is discharged in the radiator 23. It absorbs heat in the cold exchanger 7 and maintains a dynamic balance.

[0029] The wastewater is heated in heat exchanger 6, and the temperature rises to 38-40°C before being returned to distillation kettle 3.

[0030] Distillation vessel 3 is under negative pressure (around -95 kPa). At this pressure, the liquid boils at around 38°C, and the water vapor produced by evaporation enters the cold exchanger 7 through pipes. The heat of the steam is absorbed by the heat pump system, and most of it becomes condensate.

[0031] The condensate and uncondensed water vapor in the cold exchanger 7 enter the circulating water tank 10 through the vacuum generator 8, and the amount of water in the tank gradually increases.

[0032] For advanced processing, an electrolysis process is used to remove contaminants remaining in the distillate.

[0033] When the liquid level in the circulating water tank 10 reaches a certain height, or after the liquid treatment has been running for 30 minutes, the gear pump 11 starts to operate, pumping the liquid in the circulating water tank 10 to the electrolysis tank 12 for electrolysis. At the same time, the salt addition pump 19 starts to transport the salt solution in the salt addition tank 20 to the electrolysis tank 12 to improve the electrolysis effect.

[0034] Electrolytic cell 12 is equipped with cathode and anode electrode assemblies, consisting of titanium-based electrodes with a ruthenium-iridium coating, with an effective electrode area of ​​0.9 m². 2 The electrode spacing is 10mm, and the current density is 200A / m. 2 The liquid residence time is 2 hours. Electrolysis tank 12 can remove residual pollutants such as COD and ammonia nitrogen from the liquid, so that the final product water quality meets the secondary discharge requirements of the "Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard" (GB8978-1996) and meets the requirements of the "Urban Wastewater Reuse Water Quality Standard" (GB / T18920-2020).

[0035] The liquid produced by the electrolysis tank 12 is temporarily stored in the recycled water tank 13 and can be reused for toilet flushing or discharged directly.

[0036] When the liquid level in the distillation vessel 3 drops to the low level, the remaining liquid in the tank is concentrated water (accounting for about 10% of the inlet water volume). The inlet electric ball valve 1 is closed, the concentrated liquid valve 21 is opened, and the concentrated liquid is transported to the concentrated liquid tank 16 through the circulation pump 4.

[0037] When the liquid in the concentrate tank 16 reaches a certain level, the concentrate pump 18 starts and transports the concentrate to the drying chamber 17 for heating and drying at a temperature of 200-250°C. The final product is a solid dry residue with a water content of less than 20%, free of bacteria and viruses, which can be used for fertilization or as a raw material for organic fertilizer.

[0038] Preventing ammonia formation at the source: By adding antibacterial agents at the source of waste, ammonia formation is prevented, thereby reducing the possibility of ammonia nitrogen entering the final condensate during the low-temperature evaporation process and solving the problem of ammonia nitrogen not meeting standards in other processes.

[0039] Low evaporation temperature: The evaporation temperature is 35℃, which can effectively retain the pollutant components in the sewage, prevent them from decomposing and volatilizing, and make the condensate after evaporation easy to treat.

[0040] High concentration ratio: After evaporation and concentration, the water in the original waste liquid can be reduced and decomposed into about 95% clean water and 5% concentrated liquid, which greatly reduces the amount of pollutants and lowers the cost of sewage treatment.

[0041] Stable water production: Even if the concentration and volume of raw water change drastically due to differences in region, population, and season, the water quality indicators of the condensate produced by low-temperature evaporation do not change much. The electrolysis process in the deep treatment only needs to electrolyze a small amount of pollutants. Compared with direct electrolysis of raw water, the effluent is not affected by the concentration of the influent.

[0042] Using a heat exchanger for circulating heating can effectively prevent dirt from adhering to the bottom of the reactor, improve heat exchange efficiency, and reduce the risk of scale buildup and blockage in the bottom of the tank and the inner walls of the pipes.

[0043] Low energy consumption: It does not require high-temperature evaporation. It relies on the waste heat of the compressor and a negative pressure environment to make the sewage evaporate in a low-temperature environment, resulting in lower energy consumption.

[0044] Low failure rate: The main core component is the compressor, which has wide market application, high maturity, and low failure rate.

[0045] Small footprint: It occupies a small area and can be miniaturized and customized to meet special application needs.

[0046] Simple control: It adopts touch screen control, one-button start, real-time monitoring, and fault alarm, which is conducive to simple operation for ordinary users; an IoT module can be added to realize remote transmission function and centralized management.

[0047] Low maintenance cost: The process and equipment are simple. There is no need to filter the raw water. Low-temperature evaporation reduces the deposition of impurities in the equipment and pipelines. At the same time, the water produced by the equipment does not need to undergo further membrane treatment to meet the standards. Compared with other methods, it reduces energy consumption and lowers the frequency of equipment operation and maintenance and the cost of replacing consumable parts.

[0048] Low final output: The volume of the final product of the system is about 1% of the original wastewater mixture, and the product is rich in nitrogen and phosphorus, which can be recycled as a resource.

[0049] The pretreatment module incorporates antibacterial agents to prevent or reduce wastewater hydrolysis and ammonification, thus lowering the ammonification rate of toilet wastewater in the short term and reducing the difficulty of subsequent treatment modules. The low-temperature evaporation module uses vacuum low-temperature evaporation, which features rapid heat exchange, high energy efficiency, prevents the volatilization of heat-sensitive pollutants, reduces the amount of pollutants in the produced water, and prevents scaling and sediment formation. This technology is mature, highly safe, and operates stably. The condensate recovery system uses mature compressor heat pump technology, ensuring stability and reliability. The deep treatment module uses electrolysis technology to produce sodium hypochlorite, further oxidizing indicators such as COD, ammonia nitrogen, and color in the water, while also disinfecting the produced water. The sludge drying module uses electric coil heating to ultimately turn sludge into dust, achieving volume reduction. The control system uses a PLC touchscreen with a simple and clear interface, real-time display of operation and faults, and monitoring of the effluent. Adding an IoT module allows for remote monitoring and operation, and it can also be integrated with other central control systems.

[0050] Among them, the heating method of the distillation vessel 3 can not only use the compressor 22, but also auxiliary heating methods such as electricity and microwave. Even the waste heat of the produced water after electrolysis and the waste heat of the radiator 23 can be used to assist in preheating to improve the start-up speed.

[0051] Sludge drying equipment can use heating methods other than electric coil heating, such as microwave and electromagnetic heating.

[0052] The electric ball valve 5 can also be converted into a pneumatic ball valve according to the site conditions.

[0053] The pH effluent online instrument can be replaced with a multi-functional instrument to perform real-time monitoring of multiple indicators in the effluent.

[0054] The embodiments of the present invention are given for the purposes of illustration and description. Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low temperature evaporation self-circulation sanitary system, characterized in that, It includes: A distillation kettle (3) is provided with a bacteriostatic agent tank (2) on one side, and a sewage inlet electric ball valve (1) is installed at the inlet end of the distillation kettle (3); A concentrated liquid tank (16) is arranged below the distillation kettle (3); A drying box (17) is connected with the concentrated liquid tank (16) through a concentrated liquid pump (18); An exchanger group including a heat exchanger (6) and a cold exchanger (7) is connected with a compressor (22) and a radiator (23) between the heat exchanger (6) and the cold exchanger (7), the heat exchanger (6) is connected with the distillation kettle (3) through a circulating pump (4), and the exchanger group is connected with the distillation kettle (3); A circulating water tank (10) is connected with the cold exchanger (7) through a vacuum generator (8), and a jet pump (9) is installed on the circulating water tank (10); An electrolysis tank (12) is connected with the circulating water tank (10) through a gear pump (11); A reclaimed water tank (13) is connected with the electrolysis tank (12).

2. The low temperature evaporation self-circulation sanitary system according to claim 1, wherein, It also includes a salt adding tank (20) connected with the electrolysis tank (12) through a salt adding pump (19).

3. The low temperature evaporation self-circulation sanitary system according to claim 1, wherein, The concentrated liquid tank (16) is connected at the output end of the circulating pump (4) through a concentrated liquid valve (21).

4. The low temperature evaporation self-circulation sanitary system according to claim 1, wherein, The distillation kettle (3) is connected with a dosing tank (15) through a dosing pump (14).

5. The low temperature evaporation self-circulation sanitary system according to claim 1, wherein, An electric ball valve (5) is installed between the circulating pump (4) and the heat exchanger (6).

6. The low temperature evaporation self-circulation sanitary system according to claim 1, wherein, The radiator (23) is connected with the cold exchanger (7), and an expansion valve is arranged between the radiator (23) and the cold exchanger (7).

Images