Alloy melting furnace for mechanical parts machining

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of metal smelting technology, specifically to an alloy melting furnace for machining mechanical parts, comprising: a base; and a crushing mechanism. The crushing mechanism includes a crushing box fixedly connected to the upper surface of the base. Inside the crushing box, from top to bottom, are arranged multiple crushing rods, a preheating component, and a rotating component. On opposite sides of the crushing box, symmetrically arranged are a pushing component and a connecting pipe. A first motor driving the rotating component is located on the side of the crushing box. Through the crushing rods, preheating component, rotating component, and pushing component in the crushing mechanism, simple crushing and preheating of the alloy before it enters the melting furnace can be achieved. The pushing component ensures that the preheated alloy can smoothly enter the melting furnace, thereby achieving crushing and preheating of the alloy before it enters the melting furnace, thus improving melting quality, reducing energy consumption, and increasing overall processing efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of metal smelting technology, and more specifically to an alloy melting furnace for machining mechanical parts. Background Technology

[0002] An alloy melting furnace is an industrial device specifically designed for melting metal alloys to provide liquid alloy raw materials for processing such as casting and forging of mechanical parts. It can mix various metal raw materials (such as iron, copper, aluminum, nickel, titanium, etc.) in a certain proportion and heat them above their melting point, causing them to melt into a homogeneous alloy liquid. For example, an alloy melting furnace is disclosed in Chinese Patent Publication No. CN117537605B.

[0003] Existing alloy melting furnaces for machining mechanical parts typically involve directly placing the alloy to be melted into the furnace, causing the alloy to heat up from room temperature. According to Fourier's law, the rate of heat transfer is proportional to the temperature difference. A large initial temperature difference means a greater driving force for heat transfer in the early stages of melting. However, since heat conduction inside the alloy is relatively slow, heat tends to concentrate on the alloy surface, creating a large temperature gradient. This can easily lead to the alloy surface melting while the interior remains undone, prolonging the time required for complete melting and reducing melting efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides an alloy melting furnace for machining mechanical parts, which can effectively solve the problem that the relatively slow heat conduction inside the alloy leads to heat concentration on the alloy surface and the formation of a large temperature gradient.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] This invention provides an alloy melting furnace for machining mechanical parts, comprising:

[0007] Base;

[0008] The crushing mechanism includes a crushing box fixedly connected to the upper end face of the base. Inside the crushing box, from top to bottom, there are multiple crushing rods, a preheating component and a driven rotating component. On opposite sides of the crushing box, there are symmetrically arranged pushing components and connecting pipes.

[0009] The transfer mechanism includes a box fixedly connected to the upper end face of the base, a storage component for storing additives is provided on the side of the box in the width direction, and a transport component for transporting alloys and capable of horizontal or vertical movement is provided inside the box.

[0010] A smelting mechanism includes a turntable rotatably connected to the upper surface of a base. A smelting furnace and an induction coil are provided on the upper surface of the turntable, and the induction coil is sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the smelting furnace. A connecting piece is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the smelting furnace. A protective seat for maintaining the rotation of the turntable is provided at the bottom of the base.

[0011] Preferably, the top of the crushing box is fixedly connected to a feed hopper, a temperature detector for detecting the preheating temperature of the alloy is installed inside the crushing box, a plurality of crushing rods are linearly arrayed and rotatably connected inside the crushing box, a fixed square hole is opened on the side of the crushing box facing the box body and between the crushing rods and the preheating component, one end of the connecting pipe is connected to the fixed square hole, and the other end of the connecting pipe is connected to the box body;

[0012] The preheating component includes a directional heat conduction box fixedly connected to the inner wall of the crushing chamber. The directional heat conduction box has an upper heat conduction surface and a lower heat insulation surface. A heating tube is installed inside the directional heat conduction box. Multiple mounting slots are linearly arranged along the length of the heat insulation surface. A track is rotatably connected to each mounting slot. Multiple heat conduction sliders are fixedly arranged along the length of the heat conduction surface, and the end of each heat conduction slider facing the connecting pipe extends into the connecting pipe.

[0013] Preferably, the rotating assembly includes a transmission rod rotatably connected to the inner wall of the crushing box along its length. The transmission rod is linearly arrayed with eccentric wheels corresponding to each track position, and the fine arc end of the eccentric wheel contacts the track. A first motor for driving the rotating assembly is provided on the side of the crushing box, and the output end of the first motor passes through the crushing box and is fixedly connected to the transmission rod.

[0014] The pushing assembly includes a fixed box that is fixedly connected to the side of the crushing box. Multiple hydraulic rods are linearly arrayed and fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixed box. The end of the fixed box facing the crushing box has an opening, and a sliding plate is slidably connected to the opening. The bottom of the sliding plate has a first sliding groove that corresponds to and slides in contact with the heat-conducting sliding strip.

[0015] Preferably, a pair of limiting blocks are fixedly connected to the inner walls on both sides of the box in the width direction and at the upper position, and holes are opened on the inner walls on both sides of the box in the width direction and below the pair of limiting blocks.

[0016] The bottom rectangular array of the box body is fixedly connected to multiple electric telescopic rods that push the transport component to move vertically. The transport component is fixedly connected to racks on both sides in the width direction. The box body is provided with translational force components on the sides corresponding to the racks, which drive the transport component to move horizontally through the racks. The translational force components include a second motor fixedly connected to the side of the box body and located below the hole. The output end of the second motor is fixedly connected to a gear, which corresponds to the hole and passes through the hole to mesh with the rack.

[0017] Preferably, the side of the box facing the melting mechanism has an outlet with an area larger than that of the transport component. A pair of connecting blocks are symmetrically fixedly connected to the side of the box facing the melting mechanism and below the outlet. The upper surface of the connecting blocks has a sliding groove.

[0018] The storage component includes two storage buckets fixedly connected to both sides of the box in the width direction. Each storage bucket is fixedly connected to the top of a transmission pipe. A three-position two-way valve is fixedly connected to the upper end of the box. The three-position two-way valve has two input ends and one output end. The two input ends of the three-position two-way valve are respectively connected to the end of the transmission pipe away from the storage bucket. The output end of the three-position two-way valve passes through the box and is fixedly connected to a telescopic pipe.

[0019] Preferably, the transport assembly includes a transport box slidably connected to the inner wall of the box body. A pair of recessed strips and a pair of sliding strips are symmetrically fixedly connected to the bottom of the transport box, with the recessed strips located between the sliding strips. The end of the electric telescopic rod away from the box body is engaged with and slidably connected to the recessed strips. A check valve is fixedly connected to the top of the transport box. The end of the telescopic tube away from the three-position two-way valve is connected to the input end of the check valve. A perforated jet plate is fixedly connected to the top of the transport box inside the check valve. The input end of the perforated jet plate is connected to the output end of the check valve via a pipe. A pair of slide rails are symmetrically fixedly connected to the top of the transport box around the perforated jet plate. The rods of the pair of slide rails share a common flipping structure. The flipping structure includes a slider slidably connected to the slide rail. A connecting rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of each slider. Multiple stirring rods are rotatably connected to the opposite surfaces of the pair of connecting rods along a linear array. A scraper is fixedly connected to the lower position of the opposite surfaces of the pair of connecting rods.

[0020] Preferably, the transport box has a feed inlet with the same volume as the connecting pipe on the side facing the connecting pipe. Multiple elastic hinges are symmetrically fixedly connected in a linear array around the feed inlet on the inner wall of the transport box near the feed inlet. A pair of concave doors are rotatably connected inside the feed inlet through the elastic hinges. The bottom of the transport box has a discharge port with the same radius as the smelting furnace, and a release plate is provided in the middle of the discharge port.

[0021] Preferably, the upper end face of the connector is provided with a communication port that communicates with the smelting furnace, and the upper end face of the connector is symmetrically provided with a pair of second sliding grooves facing the transfer mechanism with the communication port as the center. The second sliding grooves are connected to the end of the connecting block away from the box body, and the upper end face of the connector is symmetrically provided with a pair of metal grooves.

[0022] A telescopic frame is fixedly connected to the top of the base facing the smelting mechanism. A support rod is fixedly connected to the top of the telescopic frame facing the smelting mechanism. A fixing component is provided on the support rod. The fixing component includes a pair of support blocks fixedly connected to the support rod. A connecting rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of each pair of support blocks. A fixing block is fixedly connected to the end of each pair of connecting rods away from the support blocks.

[0023] Preferably, it also includes an exhaust assembly, which includes an exhaust box fixedly connected to the bottom of a pair of fixed blocks. The bottom of the exhaust box is fixedly connected to a pair of metal contacts corresponding to the metal groove. A sealing ring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the exhaust box corresponding to the smelting furnace. A plurality of second solenoid valves communicating with the exhaust box are fixedly connected in a rectangular array within the sealing ring. An exhaust fan is fixedly connected to the top of the exhaust box.

[0024] The technical solution provided by this invention has the following advantages compared with the known prior art:

[0025] 1. The crushing mechanism, consisting of a crushing rod, a preheating component, a rotating component, and a pushing component, enables simple crushing and preheating of the alloy before it enters the melting furnace. The crushing rod crushes the alloy, while the preheating component uses heating tubes to preheat the crushed alloy. To ensure uniform heating of the crushed alloy within the preheating component, the rotating component vibrates by colliding with the track within the preheating component. After the preheating component completes its preheating process, the pushing component moves the preheated, crushed alloy... The alloy is moved to the transfer mechanism to achieve crushing and preheating before entering the melting furnace. Through multiple steps such as crushing, preheating and transfer, the melting efficiency of the alloy can be effectively improved. The crushing rod crushes the alloy to ensure that its surface area is increased, which is convenient for heating. At the same time, the preheating component heats the crushed alloy evenly through the heating tube and further improves the heat treatment effect through vibration. The pushing component ensures that the preheated alloy can smoothly enter the melting furnace. Thus, the alloy is crushed and preheated before entering the melting furnace, thereby improving the melting quality, reducing energy consumption and improving the overall processing efficiency.

[0026] 2. The transfer mechanism, comprising a storage component, a translational motion component, an electric telescopic rod, and a transport component, collects and transfers the alloy after crushing and preheating in the crushing mechanism. During transfer, additives beneficial to alloy smelting (such as deoxidizers, refining agents, and fluxing agents) can be added to the alloy. The storage component stores and sprays additives into the alloy, while the translational motion component moves the transport component horizontally within the container. The electric telescopic rod in the smelting mechanism moves the transport component vertically within the container, guiding it to designated feed and discharge positions. The transport component stores the alloy and releases it into the smelting mechanism, thus transferring the alloy processed by the crushing mechanism to the smelting mechanism. Furthermore, the mechanism can automatically add deoxidizers and refining agents during the transfer process, optimizing the smelting process, improving alloy quality and smelting efficiency, and reducing manual intervention.

[0027] 3. The final melting of the alloy is achieved through the melting furnace, induction coil, fixing components, and exhaust components in the melting mechanism. During melting, the gas inside the melting furnace can be discharged. The induction coil is used to heat the melting furnace, and the exhaust components use an exhaust fan and a second solenoid valve to discharge the gas inside the melting furnace before alloy melting. By discharging the gas inside the melting furnace before alloy melting through the exhaust components, on the one hand, the content of oxidizing gases such as oxygen and water vapor in the furnace can be reduced, thereby reducing the probability of oxidation of metal elements in the alloy. For example, it can prevent aluminum from being oxidized during aluminum alloy melting, improve the purity of the alloy, and ensure stable performance in subsequent processing and use. On the other hand, it can drive away impurity gases such as hydrogen, reduce their dissolution during alloy melting, and avoid the formation of defects such as porosity and looseness after solidification, thereby improving the quality of the alloy. Attached Figure Description

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of one side of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure on the other side of the entire invention;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the crushing mechanism of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the preheating component of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating assembly of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-section of the pushing component of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the transfer mechanism of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the transfer mechanism of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the transport component of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the transport component of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 12 For the present invention Figure 11 Enlarged structural diagram at point A;

[0041] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the melting mechanism of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the protective base of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixing component and the exhaust component of the present invention.

[0044] Reference numerals: 1. Base; 2. Crushing mechanism; 21. Crushing box; 22. Crushing rod; 23. Feed hopper; 24. Connecting pipe; 25. Heat-conducting slide bar; 26. Preheating assembly; 261. Directional heat-conducting box; 262. Mounting slot; 263. Track; 264. Heating pipe; 27. Rotating assembly; 271. Transmission rod; 272. Eccentric wheel; 28. Pushing assembly; 281. Fixed box; 282. Hydraulic rod; 283. Sliding plate; 284. First slide groove; 29. ​​First motor; 3. Transfer mechanism; 31. Box; 311. Limiting block; 312. Hole; 313. Outlet; 32. Storage component; 321. Storage tank; 322. Transmission pipe; 323. Three-position two-way valve; 34. Translational motion assembly; 341. Second motor; 342. Gear; 35. Telescopic pipe; 36. Connecting block; 37. Electric telescopic rod; 3 8. Transport components; 381. Transport box; 382. Slide rail; 383. Tilting structure; 3831. Slider; 3832. Connecting rod; 3833. Stirring rod; 3834. Scraper; 384. Perforated jet plate; 385. Check valve; 386. Recessed door; 387. Flexible hinge; 388. Recessed strip; 389. Slide strip; 39. Rack; 4. Melting mechanism; 41. Protective seat; 42. Turntable; 43. 44. Smelting furnace; 45. Induction coil; 46. Connecting component; 47. Second slide rail; 48. Metal trough; 49. Third motor; 40. Telescopic frame; 41. Support rod; 42. Fixing component; 43. Support block; 44. Connecting rod; 45. Fixing block; 46. Exhaust assembly; 47. Exhaust box; 48. Metal contact; 49. Sealing ring; 40. Second solenoid valve; 41. Exhaust fan. Detailed Implementation

[0045] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments.

[0047] Example: Refer to Figures 1 to 15 An alloy melting furnace for machining mechanical parts, comprising:

[0048] Base 1;

[0049] The crushing mechanism 2 includes a crushing box 21 fixedly connected to the upper end face of the base 1. Inside the crushing box 21, from top to bottom, there are a plurality of crushing rods 22, a preheating component 26 and a driven rotating component 27. The crushing box 21 is symmetrically arranged with a pushing component 28 and a connecting pipe 24 on opposite sides.

[0050] The transfer mechanism 3 includes a box 31 fixedly connected to the upper end face of the base 1. A storage component 32 for storing additives is provided on the side of the box 31 in the width direction. A transport component 38 for transporting alloys and capable of horizontal or vertical movement is provided inside the box 31.

[0051] The melting mechanism 4 includes a turntable 42 rotatably connected to the upper surface of the base 1. A melting furnace 43 and an induction coil 44 are provided on the upper surface of the turntable 42, and the induction coil 44 is sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the melting furnace 43. A connector 45 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the melting furnace 43. A protective seat 41 for maintaining the rotation of the turntable 42 is provided at the bottom of the base 1.

[0052] The alloy is first crushed by the crushing rod 22 in the crushing mechanism 2. Then, the preheating component 26 preheats the crushed alloy. The rotating component 27 rotates and indirectly collides with the preheating component 26, causing the preheating component 26 to vibrate, which is conducive to sufficient preheating. After preheating, the pushing component 28 pushes the preheated crushed alloy through the connecting pipe 24 into the transport component 38 of the transfer mechanism 3. When the transport component 38 moves, the additive in the storage component 32 is sprayed and mixed. When the transport component 38 reaches the melting furnace 43 of the melting mechanism 4, it releases the internal alloy into the furnace. After the release is completed, it returns to the box 31. Then, when the melting furnace 43 passes the induction coil 44, the third motor 46 drives the turntable 42 to rotate the melting furnace 43.

[0053] Reference Figures 3 to 5 The top of the crushing box 21 is fixedly connected to the feed hopper 23. The crushing box 21 is equipped with a temperature detector for detecting the preheating temperature of the alloy. Multiple crushing rods 22 are linearly arrayed and rotatably connected inside the crushing box 21. A fixed square hole is opened on the side of the crushing box 21 facing the box body 31 and located between the crushing rods 22 and the preheating component 26. One end of the connecting pipe 24 is connected to the fixed square hole, and the other end of the connecting pipe 24 is connected to the box body 31.

[0054] The preheating assembly 26 includes a directional heat conduction box 261 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the crushing box 21. The directional heat conduction box 261 has an upper heat conduction surface and a lower heat insulation surface. A heating tube 264 is provided inside the directional heat conduction box 261. Multiple mounting slots 262 are linearly arranged along the length of the heat insulation surface. A track 263 is rotatably connected in each mounting slot 262. Multiple heat conduction sliders 25 are fixedly connected along the length of the heat conduction surface, and the end of each heat conduction slider 25 facing the connecting pipe 24 extends into the connecting pipe 24.

[0055] The alloy can be fed into the crushing box 21 by the feed hopper 23, so that it comes into contact with the crushing rod 22 to complete the crushing process of the alloy. The preheating component 26 achieves preheating treatment of the crushed alloy through its internal heating tube 264. At the same time, when the crushed alloy is preheated in the directional heat conduction box 261 of the preheating component 26, the heat conduction slide 25 therein can increase the heat-receiving area of ​​the alloy.

[0056] Reference Figures 6 to 7 The rotating assembly 27 includes a transmission rod 271 rotatably connected to the inner wall of the crushing box 21 along its length. The rod body of the transmission rod 271 is linearly arrayed and fixedly connected to eccentric wheels 272 corresponding to the positions of each track 263. The fine arc end of the eccentric wheel 272 contacts the track 263. A first motor 29 is provided on the side of the crushing box 21 to drive the rotating assembly 27 to rotate. The output end of the first motor 29 passes through the crushing box 21 and is fixedly connected to the transmission rod 271.

[0057] The pushing assembly 28 includes a fixed box 281 fixedly connected to the side of the crushing box 21. Multiple hydraulic rods 282 are linearly arrayed and fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixed box 281. The fixed box 281 has an opening at the end facing the crushing box 21, and a sliding plate 283 is slidably connected to the opening. The bottom of the sliding plate 283 has a first groove 284 that corresponds to and slides in contact with the heat-conducting sliding strip 25.

[0058] The first motor 29 drives the rotating assembly 27 to rotate. The thin arc end of the eccentric wheel 272 in the rotating assembly 27 contacts and collides with the track 263, causing the directional heat conduction box 261 to vibrate. The track 263 can prevent the directional heat conduction box 261 from being horizontally displaced by the rotational force of the rotating assembly 27. After the preheating assembly 26 completes the preheating of the crushed alloy, the hydraulic rod 282 of the pushing assembly 28 pushes the sliding plate 283 into the crushing box 21. The sliding plate 283 pushes and gathers the alloy in the directional heat conduction box 261. When the sliding plate 283 slides, the heat-conducting strip 25 in the directional heat conduction box 261 slides and engages with the first sliding groove 284 of the sliding plate 283 to prevent the sliding plate 283 from deviating from its original track.

[0059] Reference Figures 8 to 9A pair of limiting blocks 311 are fixedly connected to the inner walls on both sides of the box body 31 in the width direction and at the upper position. Holes 312 are opened on the inner walls on both sides of the box body 31 in the width direction and below the pair of limiting blocks 311.

[0060] Multiple electric telescopic rods 37 that push the transport component 38 to move vertically are fixedly connected to a rectangular array at the bottom of the box 31. Racks 39 are fixedly connected to both sides of the transport component 38 in the width direction. On the sides of the box 31 corresponding to the racks 39, translational force components 34 are provided to drive the transport component 38 to move horizontally through the racks 39. The translational force components 34 include a second motor 341 fixedly connected to the side of the box 31 and located below the hole 312. A gear 342 is fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor 341. The gear 342 corresponds to the hole 312 and passes through the hole 312 to mesh with the rack 39.

[0061] An outlet 313 with an area larger than that of the transport component 38 is opened on the upper part of the side of the housing 31 facing the melting mechanism 4. A pair of connecting blocks 36 are symmetrically fixedly connected to the side of the housing 31 facing the melting mechanism 4 and below the outlet 313. A sliding groove is opened on the upper surface of the connecting block 36.

[0062] The storage component 32 includes two storage bins 321 fixedly connected to both sides of the box 31 in the width direction. Each storage bin 321 is fixedly connected to the top of a transmission pipe 322. A three-position two-way valve 323 is fixedly connected to the upper end face of the box 31. The three-position two-way valve 323 has two input ends and one output end. The two input ends of the three-position two-way valve 323 are respectively connected to the end of the transmission pipe 322 away from the storage bin 321. The output end of the three-position two-way valve 323 passes through the box 31 and is fixedly connected to a telescopic pipe 35.

[0063] The storage tank 321 in the storage component 32 can store different additives that are beneficial to subsequent alloy melting, and when the alloy is stored in the transport component 38, the additives are sprayed into the transport component 38 through the transfer pipe 322 and the three-position two-way valve 323.

[0064] Reference Figures 10 to 12The transport assembly 38 includes a transport box 381 slidably connected to the inner wall of the box 31. A pair of recessed strips 388 and a pair of sliding strips 389 are symmetrically fixedly connected to the bottom of the transport box 381, with the recessed strips 388 located between the sliding strips 389. One end of an electric telescopic rod 37, away from the box 31, is engaged with and slidably connected to the recessed strips 388. A check valve 385 is fixedly connected to the top of the transport box 381. One end of a telescopic pipe 35, away from the three-position two-way valve 323, is connected to the input end of the check valve 385. A perforated jet plate 384 is fixedly connected to the top of the transport box 381 inside the check valve 385. The input end of 4 is connected to the output end of the check valve 385 through a pipe. A pair of slide rails 382 are symmetrically fixedly connected to the inner top of the transport box 381 with the perforated jet plate 384 as the center. The rods of the pair of slide rails 382 are jointly provided with a flipping structure 383. The flipping structure 383 includes a slider 3831 that is slidably connected to the slide rail 382. The bottom of each slider 3831 is fixedly connected to a connecting rod 3832. Multiple stirring rods 3833 are rotatably connected to the opposite surfaces of the pair of connecting rods 3832 along the rod body in a linear array. A scraper 3834 is fixedly connected to the lower position of the opposite surfaces of the pair of connecting rods 3832.

[0065] The transport box 381 in the transport component 38 can store the preheated and crushed alloy transferred from the crushing box 21. The porous jet plate 384 in the transport box 381 can ensure that the additives transferred by the storage component 32 can be evenly distributed and mixed with the alloy in the transport box 381. At the same time, the transport box 381 can achieve mixing of the alloy in the transport box 381 through the flipping structure 383 that slides back and forth in the slide rail 382, ​​so as to further ensure that the alloy and additives are fully mixed.

[0066] Reference Figures 9 to 10 The transport box 381 has a feed inlet with the same volume as the connecting pipe 24 on the side facing the connecting pipe 24. Multiple elastic hinges 387 are symmetrically fixedly connected in a linear array around the feed inlet on the inner wall of the transport box 381 near the feed inlet. A pair of concave doors 386 are rotatably connected inside the feed inlet through the elastic hinges 387. The bottom of the transport box 381 has a discharge port with the same radius as the melting furnace 43, and a release plate is provided in the middle of the discharge port.

[0067] By utilizing the elastic hinge 387 and concave door 386 at the feed inlet of transport box 381, after the slide 283 finishes transferring the alloy into transport box 381, the elastic hinge 387 will close the concave door 386, thereby avoiding the risk of the alloy leaking out of the feed inlet during transportation.

[0068] Reference Figures 1 to 3 , Figure 13The upper end face of the connector 45 is provided with a communication port that communicates with the smelting furnace 43. The upper end face of the connector 45 is symmetrically provided with a pair of second sliding grooves 451 facing the transfer mechanism 3 with the communication port as the center. The second sliding grooves 451 are connected to the end of the connecting block 36 away from the box 31. The upper end face of the connector 45 is symmetrically provided with a pair of metal grooves 452.

[0069] A telescopic frame 47 is fixedly connected to the top of the base 1 facing the melting mechanism 4. A support rod 471 is fixedly connected to the top of the telescopic frame 47 facing the melting mechanism 4. A fixing component 48 is provided on the rod of the support rod 471. The fixing component 48 includes a pair of support blocks 481 fixedly connected to the support rod 471. A connecting rod 482 is fixedly connected to the bottom of each pair of support blocks 481. A fixing block 483 is fixedly connected to the end of each pair of connecting rods 482 away from the support blocks 481.

[0070] The transport component 38 can be moved to the connector 45 via the connecting block 36. After the transport component 38 arrives, its release plate opens, and the alloy stored in the transport box 381 is discharged into the melting furnace 43 for final melting. After the transport component 38 completes the discharge, the second motor 341 drives the gear 342 to rotate, and the rack 39 causes the transport component 38 to return to the transport box 381. At the same time, the telescopic frame 47 retracts and drives the exhaust component 49 to contact the connector 45 through the fixing component 48.

[0071] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 15 It also includes an exhaust assembly 49, which includes an exhaust box 491 fixedly connected to the bottom of a pair of fixed blocks 483. The bottom of the exhaust box 491 is fixedly connected to a pair of metal contacts 492 corresponding to the metal groove 452. The bottom of the exhaust box 491 and the bottom corresponding to the smelting furnace 43 are fixedly connected to a sealing ring 493. A plurality of second solenoid valves 494 communicating with the exhaust box 491 are fixedly connected in a rectangular array inside the sealing ring 493. The top of the exhaust box 491 is fixedly connected to an exhaust fan 495.

[0072] By utilizing the contact between the metal groove 452 and the metal contact 492 of the exhaust box 491 in the exhaust assembly 49, the exhaust fan 495 is activated. The exhaust fan 495 can draw air from the exhaust box 491, thereby creating a negative pressure inside the exhaust box 491. Furthermore, the second solenoid valve 494 controls the air to be drawn from the melting furnace 43, thus completing the air intake of the alloy in the melting furnace 43 by the induction coil 44 before heating.

[0073] The specific operating principle of this embodiment is as follows:

[0074] Step 1: First, start the equipment (in this solution, the equipment refers to the alloy melting furnace for machining mechanical parts). Then, the operator pours the alloy raw material to be melted into the feed hopper 23 at the top of the crushing box 21, allowing the alloy to enter the crushing box 21 smoothly. When the alloy enters the crushing box 21, multiple crushing rods 22 inside the crushing box 21 begin to rotate under the control of the controller (the controller is existing technology and is not shown in the figure; each crushing rod 22 is controlled by the controller, and the existing drive mechanism set on the outside of the crushing box 21 drives multiple crushing rods 22 synchronously). (Rotation) Since each crushing rod 22 is equipped with crushing teeth of different shapes and angles, when the drive mechanism drives the crushing rod 22 to rotate, the alloy entering the crushing box 21 is subjected to the impact, shearing and grinding of the crushing teeth under the rotation of the crushing rod 22, and is gradually crushed into particles. For example, if the alloy is a block metal, under the action of the crushing rod 22, the large pieces of metal will be broken into small pieces, and its surface area will increase, providing a larger contact area for the subsequent preheating and melting process, which is conducive to heat transfer and chemical reaction.

[0075] Simultaneously with the equipment startup, the controller also activates the preheating component 26. As the preheating component 26 starts, the heating element 264 within it becomes energized and heats up. Since the directional heat-conducting box 261 has both a heat-conducting surface and a heat-insulating surface, with the heat-conducting surface facing the crushing rod 22, the heat is primarily transferred through the heat-conducting surface when the heating element 264 heats up. Multiple heat-conducting sliding strips 25, fixedly connected to the heat-conducting surface, are made of materials with good thermal conductivity, such as copper or aluminum. When the crushed alloy particles are in the directional heat-conducting box... When the heat-conducting slide 25 is in contact with the alloy particles, heat is transferred from the heat-conducting slide 25 to the alloy particles, causing the alloy particles to begin to heat up and preheat. Due to the presence of the heat-conducting slide 25, the contact points and contact area with the alloy particles are increased, allowing the alloy to be heated more evenly and avoiding local overheating or overcooling. The tracks 263 (usually made of high-temperature resistant and flexible materials, such as heat-resistant rubber or metal chains) are rotatably connected in each mounting groove 262 of the heat insulation surface.

[0076] Simultaneously, the controller starts the first motor 29, which drives the transmission rod 271 to rotate. When the transmission rod 271 rotates, the eccentric wheels 272, which are linearly arrayed and fixedly connected to the track 263, also rotate. During rotation, the eccentric wheels 272 continuously contact and collide with the corresponding track 263. When the curved end of the eccentric wheel 272 contacts the track 263, it applies an impact force. Since the track 263 is rotatably connected to the directional heat conduction box 261, this impact force is converted into vibration of the directional heat conduction box 261. This vibration causes the alloy particles being preheated inside the box to continuously tumble and agitate, changing their position and accumulation state. For example, alloy particles originally piled at the bottom may be vibrated to the top, allowing the alloy particles to receive heat from the heat-conducting slide 25 more comprehensively and evenly, further improving the preheating effect and ensuring that all parts of the alloy particles reach similar preheating temperatures, laying the foundation for subsequent rapid and efficient melting.

[0077] Furthermore, when the rotating assembly 27 starts to rotate, the eccentric wheel 272 on the transmission rod 271 generates a rotational force. Since the eccentric wheel 272 is in contact with the track 263, this rotational force attempts to push the directional heat box 261 to move horizontally. However, since the track 263 is rotatably connected to the directional heat box 261, when the eccentric wheel 272 generates a rotational force and acts on the track 263, the track 263 rotates accordingly, instead of directly transmitting the force to the directional heat box 261 to produce a horizontal displacement. For example, the track 263 can be imagined as a series of links connected to the directional heat box 261 by short shafts. Each link can rotate around the shaft within a certain range. When the eccentric wheel 272 pushes the track 263, the links will rotate sequentially to adapt to the external force, instead of directly transmitting the horizontal force to the directional heat box 261.

[0078] When the temperature detector inside the crushing chamber 21 detects that the preheating component 26 has completed the preheating of the crushed alloy (the temperature detector is existing technology and is not shown in the figure; the preheating temperature of the preheating component 26 can be customized by the operator according to the characteristics of different alloys through the controller), the controller starts to control the push component 28 to start, thereby activating multiple hydraulic rods 282 simultaneously. The telescopic ends of the hydraulic rods 282 extend and push the connected slide plate 283 into the crushing chamber 21. At the same time, the first slide groove 284 also slides along the heat-conducting slide bar 25. This ensures that the slide plate 283 can slide stably along the predetermined trajectory. The slide plate 283 pushes the preheated alloy in the heat-conducting box 261 towards the connecting pipe 24, so that the alloy can smoothly enter the connecting pipe 24 and prepare for the next stage of the transfer process.

[0079] Step 2: When the preheated alloy is pushed into the connecting pipe 24 by the pushing component 28, one end of the connecting pipe 24 is connected to the fixed square hole on the side of the crushing box 21, and the other end is connected to the box body 31. The alloy enters the transport box 381 through the connecting pipe 24 (initially, the feed port of the transport box 381 is aligned with the connecting pipe 24). When the alloy enters the transport box 381 through the connecting pipe 24, a pair of concave doors 386 are rotatably connected to the feed port of the transport box 381 through the elastic hinge 387. When the alloy enters the feed port from the connecting pipe 24, the alloy will push open the concave doors 386 and enter the transport box 381. After entering, the concave doors 386 automatically close under the elastic force of the elastic hinge 387, effectively preventing the risk of the alloy leaking from the feed port during transportation and ensuring that the alloy can be safely stored in the transport box 381 for subsequent processing.

[0080] The storage component 32 plays a role in adding additives during the alloy transfer process. It stores additives beneficial to alloy smelting, such as deoxidizers, refining agents, and fluxes, in two storage tanks 321 (each tank 321 contains a pump for absorbing these additives). Based on the specific needs of alloy smelting, the operator selects the appropriate additive from the storage tank 321 via a three-position two-way valve 323 fixedly connected to the upper surface of the housing 31. The additive flows out from the transfer pipe 322 at the top of the storage tank 321, passes through the three-position two-way valve 323, and then through a telescopic pipe 35 fixedly connected to the housing 31 at its output end. The telescopic pipe 35 ensures that the transport component 38 can freely extend and retract during movement without affecting its movement. Additives are transported through pipe 35 and through a telescopic pipe 35. The additives then enter a porous jet plate 384 through a pipe connected to the output end of check valve 385. The porous jet plate 384 has many small jet holes. The additives are evenly sprayed onto the alloy in transport box 381 through these jet holes. At the same time, a pair of sliders 3831 slide on slide rail 382. The connecting rod 3832 fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliders 3831 and multiple stirring rods 3833 rotatably connected along the rod body in a linear array stir the alloy. The stirring rods 3833 continuously agitate the alloy during the stirring process, so that the additives and alloys can fully contact and mix, ensuring that each part of the alloy is evenly mixed with the additives, thereby optimizing the melting process and improving the quality of the alloy and melting efficiency.

[0081] Simultaneously with the activation of the slide rail 382, ​​the translational motion component 34 also activates, and the electric telescopic rod 37 extends accordingly. As the electric telescopic rod 37 extends, the transport component 38 moves upward along the housing 31. Since a pair of limiting blocks 311 are fixedly connected to the upper inner walls on both sides of the housing 31 in the width direction, the limiting blocks 311 limit the rising height of the transport component 38, thereby aligning the transport box 381 in the transport component 38 with the outlet 313 and preventing it from rising excessively. When the transport component 38 contacts the limiting blocks 311, the electric telescopic rod... When the extension rod 37 stops extending, the second motor 341, which is fixedly connected to the side of the box 31 and located below the hole 312, starts. The gear 342, which is fixedly connected to its output end, rotates. The gear 342 meshes with the rack 39, which is fixedly connected to both sides of the transport component 38 in the width direction. Due to the rotation of the gear 342, the transport component 38 moves horizontally within the box 31 through the rack 39. Since the concave strip 388 at the bottom of the transport component 38 is engaged and slidably connected with the electric telescopic rod 37, the slide strip 389 assists the transport box 381 to slide smoothly within the box 31.

[0082] When the transport component 38 reaches the connector 45, the release plate located in the middle of the bottom discharge port of the transport component 38 opens (the opening mechanism of the release plate can be achieved by electromagnetic control or mechanical linkage). The alloy mixed with additives and preheated in the transport box 381 is discharged into the melting furnace 43 through the communication port opened on the upper end face of the connector 45, which is connected to the melting furnace 43, thus preparing for the melting process.

[0083] After the transport component 38 completes the material discharge, it returns to its initial position inside the box 31 under the action of the translational force component 34 and the electric telescopic rod 37 moving in opposite directions, in order to wait for the next transport.

[0084] Step 3: When the transport component 38 discharges the alloy after mixing additives and preheating into the melting furnace 43, the telescopic frame 47 retracts. At the same time as the telescopic frame 47 descends, the support rod 471 also drives the fixed component 48 to descend, thereby causing the exhaust component 49 to descend. The sealing ring 493 at the bottom of the exhaust component 49 is sealed to the melting furnace 43. The pair of metal contacts 492 fixedly connected to the bottom of the exhaust box 491 and corresponding to the metal groove 452 contact the metal groove 452 opened on the upper end face of the connector 45, triggering the exhaust fan 495 fixedly connected to the top of the exhaust box 491 to work.

[0085] The exhaust fan 495 draws air from the exhaust box 491, creating a negative pressure inside the exhaust box 491. This removes air bubbles from the alloy (at this time, the alloy in the melting furnace 43 is in a state of waiting to be melted, containing various gases such as oxygen, water vapor, and hydrogen, which exist in the alloy in the form of bubbles or are suspended in the upper space of the melting furnace 43). On the one hand, this reduces the content of oxidizing gases such as oxygen and water vapor in the furnace, lowering the probability of oxidation of metal elements in the alloy. For example, when melting aluminum alloys, it can prevent aluminum from being oxidized, improve the purity of the alloy, and ensure stable performance in subsequent processing and use. On the other hand, it can drive away impurity gases such as hydrogen, reducing their dissolution during alloy melting and avoiding defects such as porosity and looseness after solidification, thereby improving the quality of the alloy and providing a guarantee for the production of high-quality alloy products.

[0086] When the exhaust assembly 49 completes the exhaust of the alloy in the melting furnace 43 before melting, the telescopic frame 47 extends, causing the exhaust assembly 49 to disengage from the connector 45 and return to its initial position. As the controller controls the third motor 46 to drive the turntable 42 to rotate, the melting furnace 43 mounted on the upper surface of the turntable 42 rotates accordingly. Simultaneously, the induction coil 44, fitted onto the outer circumference of the melting furnace 43, begins to operate (the melting furnace 43 consists of a furnace shell and a furnace lining; the furnace shell is made of magnetic materials such as stainless steel, while the furnace lining is made of quartz sand with a purity greater than 98%). The induction coil 44 operates through electromagnetic induction... The principle is that when electricity is applied, an alternating magnetic field is generated, which induces a current in the alloy inside the melting furnace 43. According to Joule's law, the induced current generates heat when it flows inside the alloy, thereby heating up and melting the alloy. During the rotation of the melting furnace 43, the alloy tumbles continuously, ensuring that all parts of the alloy are heated evenly, thus ensuring uniform melting and completing the melting of the alloy. After melting, the melted alloy can be removed from the melting furnace 43 using existing discharge equipment (such as a scooping device, a vacuum casting discharge device, etc., not shown in the figure) for subsequent casting, forging, and other mechanical parts processing.

[0087] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions will not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the protection scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An alloy melting furnace for machining mechanical parts, characterized in that, include: Base (1); The crushing mechanism (2) includes a crushing box (21) fixedly connected to the upper end face of the base (1). The crushing box (21) is provided with multiple crushing rods (22), a preheating component (26) and a driven rotating component (27) arranged from top to bottom inside. The crushing box (21) is provided with a pushing component (28) and a connecting pipe (24) symmetrically arranged on opposite sides. The transfer mechanism (3) includes a box (31) fixedly connected to the upper end face of the base (1), a storage component (32) for storing additives is provided on the side of the box (31) in the width direction, and a transport component (38) for transporting alloys and capable of horizontal or vertical movement is provided inside the box (31). The melting mechanism (4) includes a turntable (42) rotatably connected to the upper surface of the base (1). The upper surface of the turntable (42) is provided with a melting furnace (43) and an induction coil (44), and the induction coil (44) is sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the melting furnace (43). The upper surface of the melting furnace (43) is fixedly connected with a connector (45). The base (1) is provided with a protective seat (41) at the bottom of the turntable (42) to maintain the rotation of the turntable (42). The top of the crushing box (21) is fixedly connected to the feed hopper (23). The crushing box (21) is equipped with a temperature detector for detecting the preheating temperature of the alloy. Multiple crushing rods (22) are linearly arrayed and rotatably connected inside the crushing box (21). The crushing box (21) has a fixed square hole on the side facing the box body (31) and located between the crushing rods (22) and the preheating component (26). One end of the connecting pipe (24) is connected to the fixed square hole, and the other end of the connecting pipe (24) is connected to the box body (31). The preheating component (26) includes a directional heat conduction box (261) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the crushing box (21). The directional heat conduction box (261) has an upper heat conduction surface and a lower heat insulation surface. A heating tube (264) is provided inside the directional heat conduction box (261). Multiple mounting slots (262) are linearly arrayed along the length of the heat insulation surface. A track (263) is rotatably connected in each mounting slot (262). Multiple heat conduction sliders (25) are fixedly connected along the length of the heat conduction surface, and the end of each heat conduction slider (25) facing the connecting pipe (24) extends into the connecting pipe (24). The rotating assembly (27) includes a transmission rod (271) rotatably connected to the inner wall of the crushing box (21) along its length. The rod body of the transmission rod (271) is linearly arrayed with eccentric wheels (272) corresponding to the positions of each track (263). The fine arc end of the eccentric wheel (272) contacts the track (263). A first motor (29) is provided on the side of the crushing box (21) to drive the rotating assembly (27) to rotate. The output end of the first motor (29) passes through the crushing box (21) and is fixedly connected to the transmission rod (271). The pushing assembly (28) includes a fixed box (281) fixedly connected to the side of the crushing box (21). Multiple hydraulic rods (282) are fixedly connected in a linear array to the inner bottom of the fixed box (281). The fixed box (281) has an opening at one end facing the crushing box (21), and a sliding plate (283) is slidably connected to the opening. The bottom of the sliding plate (283) has a first groove (284) that corresponds to and slidably contacts the heat-conducting sliding strip (25). A pair of limiting blocks (311) are fixedly connected to the inner walls on both sides of the box (31) in the width direction and at the upper position. Holes (312) are opened on the inner walls on both sides of the box (31) in the width direction and below the pair of limiting blocks (311). The bottom rectangular array inside the box (31) is fixedly connected to multiple electric telescopic rods (37) that push the transport component (38) to move vertically. The transport component (38) is fixedly connected to racks (39) on both sides in the width direction. The box (31) and the racks (39) are provided with translational force components (34) that drive the transport component (38) to move horizontally through the racks (39). The translational force component (34) includes a second motor (341) fixedly connected to the side of the box (31) and located below the hole (312). The output end of the second motor (341) is fixedly connected to a gear (342). The gear (342) corresponds to the hole (312) and the gear (342) passes through the hole (312) and meshes with the rack (39).

2. The alloy melting furnace for machining mechanical parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The box (31) has an outlet (313) with an area larger than that of the transport component (38) located on the upper side of the side facing the melting mechanism (4). A pair of connecting blocks (36) are symmetrically fixedly connected to the side of the box (31) facing the melting mechanism (4) and located below the outlet (313). The upper surface of the connecting blocks (36) has a sliding groove. The storage component (32) includes two storage bins (321) fixedly connected to both sides of the box (31) in the width direction. Each storage bin (321) is fixedly connected to a transmission pipe (322). A three-position two-way valve (323) is fixedly connected to the upper end face of the box (31). The three-position two-way valve (323) has two input ends and one output end. The two input ends of the three-position two-way valve (323) are respectively connected to the end of the transmission pipe (322) away from the storage bin (321). The output end of the three-position two-way valve (323) passes through the box (31) and is fixedly connected to a telescopic pipe (35).

3. The alloy melting furnace for machining mechanical parts according to claim 2, characterized in that, The transport assembly (38) includes a transport box (381) slidably connected to the inner wall of the box body (31). A pair of recessed strips (388) and a pair of sliding strips (389) are symmetrically fixedly connected to the bottom of the transport box (381), with the recessed strips (388) located between the sliding strips (389). The end of the electric telescopic rod (37) away from the box body (31) is engaged with and slidably connected to the recessed strips (388). A check valve (385) is fixedly connected to the top of the transport box (381). The end of the telescopic pipe (35) away from the three-position two-way valve (323) is connected to the input end of the check valve (385). A multi-hole jet plate (384) is fixedly connected to the top of the transport box (381) inside the check valve (385). The input end of the plate (384) is connected to the output end of the check valve (385) through a pipe. A pair of slide rails (382) are symmetrically fixedly connected to the inner top of the transport box (381) with the perforated jet plate (384) as the center. The rods of the pair of slide rails (382) are provided with a flip structure (383). The flip structure (383) includes a slider (3831) slidably connected to the slide rail (382). The bottom of the slider (3831) is fixedly connected to a connecting rod (3832). Multiple stirring rods (3833) are rotatably connected to the opposite surfaces of the pair of connecting rods (3832) along the linear array of the rods. A scraper (3834) is fixedly connected to the lower position of the opposite surfaces of the pair of connecting rods (3832).

4. The alloy melting furnace for machining mechanical parts according to claim 3, characterized in that, The transport box (381) has a feed inlet with the same volume as the connecting pipe (24) on the side facing the connecting pipe (24). The inner wall of the transport box (381) near the feed inlet is symmetrically connected with multiple elastic hinges (387) in a linear array with the feed inlet as the center. A pair of concave doors (386) are rotatably connected to the feed inlet through the elastic hinges (387). The bottom of the transport box (381) has a discharge port with the same radius as the melting furnace (43), and a release plate is provided in the middle of the discharge port.

5. The alloy melting furnace for machining mechanical parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper end face of the connector (45) is provided with a communication port that communicates with the smelting furnace (43). The upper end face of the connector (45) is provided with a pair of second sliding grooves (451) facing the transfer mechanism (3) symmetrically with the communication port as the center. The second sliding grooves (451) are connected to the end of the connecting block (36) away from the box (31). The upper end face of the connector (45) is provided with a pair of metal grooves (452). The base (1) is fixedly connected to the top of the melting mechanism (4) with a telescopic frame (47). The telescopic frame (47) is fixedly connected to the top of the rod of the melting mechanism (4). The rod of the support rod (471) is provided with a fixing component (48). The fixing component (48) includes a pair of support blocks (481) fixedly connected to the support rod (471). The bottom of each pair of support blocks (481) is fixedly connected to a connecting rod (482). The ends of the pair of connecting rods (482) away from the support blocks (481) are fixedly connected to a fixing block (483).

6. The alloy melting furnace for machining mechanical parts according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes an exhaust assembly (49), which includes an exhaust box (491) fixedly connected to the bottom of a pair of fixed blocks (483). The bottom of the exhaust box (491) is fixedly connected to a pair of metal contacts (492) corresponding to the metal groove (452). The bottom of the exhaust box (491) is fixedly connected to a sealing ring (493) corresponding to the bottom of the smelting furnace (43). A plurality of second solenoid valves (494) communicating with the exhaust box (491) are fixedly connected in a rectangular array inside the sealing ring (493). The top of the exhaust box (491) is fixedly connected to an exhaust fan (495).

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