Power generation module and method for manufacturing power generation module

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a power generation module that can be applied to a building material-integrated solar cell. This power generation module is provided with a plurality of sub-modules (101, 102, 103), the plurality of sub-modules (101, 102, 103) including a first sub-module (101) and a second sub-module (102) arranged adjacent to each other in plan view, each of the plurality of sub-modules (101, 102, 103) being provided with a base substrate and a power generation unit positioned on a part of the main surface of the base substrate, the power generation unit includes at least a solar cell layer supported on the main surface, and the area ratio of the power generation unit in the first sub-module (101) with respect to the main surface is smaller than the area ratio of the power generation unit in the second sub-module (102) with respect to the main surface in plan view.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to power generation modules, and in particular to solar power generation modules that can be integrated with building materials. Background Technology

[0002] Building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV), which are integrated with building materials such as roofs, exterior walls, and windows, have attracted attention. For example, Patent Document 1 proposes a building material with solar cells that can be used as a window.

[0003] Existing technical documents Patent documents Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2020-84640 Summary of the Invention

[0004] The problem that the invention aims to solve Expectations for building-integrated solar cells are diverse. For example, in addition to power generation performance, design flexibility is sometimes required for power generation modules used in building-integrated solar cells. Furthermore, there is sometimes a need to accommodate various building materials with different functions, shapes, and sizes. However, in the structure of Patent Document 1, it is sometimes difficult to design in accordance with these expectations.

[0005] The purpose of this disclosure is to solve the above-mentioned problems and provide a power generation module that can be applied to building-integrated solar cells.

[0006] Methods for solving problems The power generation module disclosed herein is a power generation module comprising multiple sub-modules, wherein, The plurality of submodules include a first submodule and a second submodule that are arranged adjacent to each other in a planar view. Each of the multiple sub-modules has: Substrate; and The power generation unit is located on a portion of the main surface of the substrate. The power generation unit includes at least a solar cell layer supported on the main surface. In planar view, the area ratio of the power generation unit in the first submodule relative to the main surface is less than the area ratio of the power generation unit in the second submodule relative to the main surface.

[0007] The method for manufacturing a power generation module disclosed herein is a method for manufacturing a power generation module comprising multiple sub-modules including a first sub-module and a second sub-module, wherein: The process of forming the plurality of sub-modules; and The process of configuring the first submodule and the second submodule in an adjacent manner. The process of forming the plurality of sub-modules includes: The film formation process involves forming a laminated film containing a solar cell film on the main surface of a substrate; and The film processing step involves processing the laminated film to form a power generation section containing a solar cell layer on a portion of the main surface. In the film processing step, by removing a portion of the solar cell film from the main surface, the remaining portion of the solar cell film forms the solar cell layer of the power generation unit. In the film processing steps of the first submodule and the second submodule, the ratio of the area removed from the solar cell film to the area of ​​the main surface is made different.

[0008] The effects of the invention According to this disclosure, a power generation module that can be applied to building-integrated solar cells can be provided. Attached Figure Description

[0009] Figure 1 This is a schematic top view of the power generation module according to the first embodiment of this disclosure.

[0010] Figure 2 It is along Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of the power generation module along line II-II.

[0011] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A schematic exploded perspective view of the power generation module.

[0012] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A schematic top view of one of the sub-modules in the power generation module.

[0013] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 An enlarged top view of a part of a submodule.

[0014] Figure 6A It is along Figure 5 An enlarged sectional view of the VIA-VIA line.

[0015] Figure 6B It is along Figure 5 An enlarged sectional view of the VIB-VIB line.

[0016] Figure 7 It means Figure 1 An enlarged top view of a portion of the power generation module.

[0017] Figure 8This is a schematic top view illustrating another example of the power generation module of the first embodiment.

[0018] Figure 9A This is a schematic three-dimensional diagram illustrating the film formation process in the manufacturing method of a submodule.

[0019] Figure 9B This is a schematic three-dimensional diagram illustrating the film formation process in the manufacturing method of a submodule.

[0020] Figure 9C This is a schematic three-dimensional diagram illustrating the membrane processing steps in the manufacturing method of a submodule.

[0021] Figure 9D This is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the membrane processing steps in the manufacturing method of a submodule.

[0022] Figure 9E This is a schematic three-dimensional diagram illustrating the membrane processing steps in the manufacturing method of a submodule.

[0023] Figure 9F This is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the membrane processing steps in the manufacturing method of a submodule.

[0024] Figure 10A This is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the membrane processing steps in the manufacturing method of a submodule.

[0025] Figure 10B This is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the membrane processing steps in the manufacturing method of a submodule.

[0026] Figure 10C This is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the membrane processing steps in the manufacturing method of a submodule.

[0027] Figure 11 This is a schematic top view illustrating the wiring formation process in the manufacturing method of a submodule.

[0028] Figure 12A It means Figure 1 A schematic top view of the sub-module configuration process in the manufacturing method of the power generation module.

[0029] Figure 12B It means Figure 1 A schematic top view of the sub-module configuration process in the manufacturing method of the power generation module.

[0030] Figure 13A It means Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of the sealing process in the manufacturing method of the power generation module.

[0031] Figure 13B It means Figure 1A schematic cross-sectional view of the sealing process in the manufacturing method of the power generation module.

[0032] Figure 13C It means Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of the sealing process in the manufacturing method of the power generation module.

[0033] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the relationship between the solar cell film area ratio, the power generation area ratio, and the light transmittance of a submodule.

[0034] Figure 15 This is a flowchart illustrating the method for setting the light transmittance of a submodule.

[0035] Figure 16 This is a schematic enlarged top view illustrating an example of a string structure.

[0036] Figure 17 This is a schematic enlarged top view representing another example of a string structure.

[0037] Figure 18 This is a schematic enlarged top view representing another example of a string structure.

[0038] Figure 19A This is a magnified top view representing another example of a submodule.

[0039] Figure 19B This is a magnified top view representing another example of a submodule.

[0040] Figure 20 This is an enlarged top view showing one submodule in the second embodiment of this disclosure.

[0041] Figure 21 This is a schematic enlarged top view illustrating an example of a string structure.

[0042] Figure 22 This is a schematic enlarged top view representing another example of a string structure.

[0043] Figure 23 This is a schematic enlarged top view representing another example of a string structure.

[0044] Figure 24 This is an enlarged top view of a submodule used to illustrate a design example that varies the string width and the width of the inter-string area.

[0045] Figure 25 This is a schematic top view illustrating an example of a gradient in a column of modules.

[0046] Figure 26 This is a schematic top view representing another example of a gradient in a column of modules.

[0047] Figure 27 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the relationship between the distance along the Y direction from the top of the first submodule and the string area ratio and light transmittance in the power generation module of the first and second embodiments.

[0048] Figure 28A This is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the membrane processing steps in a manufacturing method with gradient sub-modules.

[0049] Figure 28B This is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the membrane processing steps in a manufacturing method with gradient sub-modules.

[0050] Figure 28C This is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the membrane processing steps in a manufacturing method with gradient sub-modules.

[0051] Figure 29A This is a schematic cross-sectional view showing other membrane processing steps in a manufacturing method with gradient sub-modules.

[0052] Figure 29B This is a schematic cross-sectional view showing other film-forming processes in a manufacturing method with gradient sub-modules.

[0053] Figure 29C This is a schematic cross-sectional view showing other membrane processing steps in a manufacturing method with gradient sub-modules. Detailed Implementation

[0054] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present disclosure is not limited to these embodiments. Furthermore, substantially identical components are labeled with the same reference numerals in the drawings. For clarity, the dimensions of elements in the drawings may be exaggerated and are not necessarily presented to scale. The mutually orthogonal X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis are schematically shown in the drawings for reference.

[0055] Furthermore, in the following text, for ease of explanation, terms such as "up," "down," "right," "left," and "side" are used to indicate direction, assuming a normally used state, but this does not imply limitation on the usage state of the power generation module disclosed herein. Moreover, in this specification, "orthogonal" means within a range of 90° ± 10°. "Parallel" means, for example, within a range of ± 5°.

[0056] In the accompanying drawings described below, for reference, mutually orthogonal X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis are schematically shown. In the following description, when referred to only as X-direction, Y-direction, or Z-direction, it refers to the respective axis, which includes two opposite directions (e.g., -X-direction and +X-direction).

[0057] First Implementation Method Reference Figures 1-3 The basic structure of the power generation module according to the first embodiment of this disclosure will be described. Figure 1 This is a schematic top view of a power generation module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 2 It is along Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of the power generation module along line II-II. Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A schematic exploded perspective view of the power generation module.

[0058] like Figures 1-3 As shown, the power generation module 1 includes a first substrate 11, a second substrate 12, multiple sub-modules 100, a first filling material 31, and a second filling material 32.

[0059] In the following description, the power generation module 1 will be described as a power generation module that can be integrated with building materials such as windows. For example, the power generation module 1 can be used as a window of a building that allows external light to enter from the side of the second substrate 12.

[0060] Figures 1-3 The Z-direction (also referred to as the "first direction") shown corresponds to the thickness direction of the power generation module 1. The thickness direction of the power generation module 1 is, for example, the stacking direction of the two substrates 11 and 12, or the stacking direction of the solar cell layers included in the power generation module 1. Furthermore, in a plane orthogonal to the Z-direction, mutually intersecting (orthogonal in this case) directions are designated as the X-direction and the Y-direction. The Y-direction could be, for example, the height direction of a window, and the X-direction could be, for example, the width direction of a window.

[0061] The first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12 are light-transmitting. "Light-transmitting" means the ability to transmit visible light. "Having light transmittance" means, for example, that the transmittance of visible light is 50% or more, preferably 70% or more. The first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12 are, for example, rectangular glass substrates (reinforced glass substrates). Figure 1 As shown, in a top view of the power generation module 1 or a part thereof, the second substrate 12 is sometimes omitted for ease of understanding.

[0062] like Figure 2 As shown, the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12 are arranged opposite each other in the Z direction. The second substrate 12, which is the light-receiving side, may also be thinner than the first substrate 11. The peripheral portions of the first substrate 11 and the peripheral portions of the second substrate 12 are sealed by a sealing member 50. In a planar view along the Z direction, the sealing member 50 is located in the first substrate 11 at a position further outward than the central region 13 where the submodule 100 is disposed. As the sealing member 50, a thermoplastic elastomer such as butyl rubber can be used, for example.

[0063] Multiple sub-modules 100 are solar cell sub-modules each having a solar cell (power generation section). The multiple sub-modules 100 are located between a first substrate 11 and a second substrate 12. Each sub-module 100, for example, has a rectangular planar shape. Figure 1 In the example shown, the submodule 100 is disposed within a space surrounded by the first substrate 11, the second substrate 12, and the sealing member 50. The multiple submodules 100 are disposed in the central region 13 of the first substrate 11 in a non-overlapping manner when viewed in a planar view along the Z direction.

[0064] like Figure 2 As shown, the first filler material 31 is located between the first substrate 11 and the lower surface of each submodule 100. The second filler material 32 is located between the second substrate 12 and the upper surface of each submodule 100. As these filler materials 31 and 32, for example, filler materials such as polyolefin (PO) can be used.

[0065] The filling materials 31 and 32 can also fill the space surrounded by the first substrate 11, the second substrate 12, and the sealing member 50. This suppresses the influence of air on the solar cell layer within the submodule 100. Furthermore, an air layer can be locally formed in the aforementioned space. In this example, the filling materials 31 and 32 are arranged on both the top and bottom of the submodule 100, but they could also be arranged on only one side.

[0066] In this embodiment, when viewed in a plane along the Z direction, the sub-modules 100 are arranged in a matrix in two intersecting (orthogonal in this case, the X and Y directions). The columns Ra to Rc formed by the multiple sub-modules arranged in the Y direction are called "module columns". In addition, the rows R1 to R4 formed by the multiple sub-modules arranged in the X direction are called "module rows".

[0067] exist Figure 1 In the example shown, 12 sub-modules 100 are arranged in 4 rows and 3 columns, forming 4 module rows R1~R4 and 3 module columns Ra~Rc. Multiple (in this case, 4) sub-modules constituting each module column Ra~Rc are connected in parallel to each other. Additionally, the 3 module columns Ra~Rc are connected in series in the X direction.

[0068] like Figure 1 As shown, the power generation module 1 further includes first wiring 41a~41c and second wiring 42a~42c extending in the Y direction between the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12, as well as a plurality of third wirings 43 for connecting adjacent first wirings and second wirings. These wirings can also be metal wirings. In this embodiment, these wirings are wires (tab wires) made by covering copper wires with solder.

[0069] The first wiring 41a and the second wiring 42a connect multiple (in this case, four) sub-modules 100 constituting module column Ra in parallel. Similarly, the first wirings 41b and 41c and the second wirings 42b and 42c connect multiple sub-modules 100 constituting module columns Rb and Rc in parallel. In the illustrated example, the first wirings 41a to 41c are located at one end of each module column Ra to Rc in the X direction. The second wirings (e.g., interconnect strips) 42a to 42c are located at the other end of each module column Ra to Rc in the X direction.

[0070] Multiple third wirings 43 connect two adjacent module columns in series among the three module columns Ra~Rc. The third wirings 43 are configured to connect the first wiring of one module column to the second wiring of the other module column in a manner that allows them to be interconnected.

[0071] like Figure 1 As shown, the power generation module 1 also includes a pair of leads (+ side / - side leads) 21, 22. Leads 21, 22 are, for example, metal wiring (e.g., interconnecting strips). Leads 21, 22 are electrically connected to the submodule 100 within the space surrounded by the first substrate 11, the second substrate 12, and the sealing member 50. Leads 21, 22 can also be led out to the outside through the sealing member 50 from the aforementioned space.

[0072] exist Figure 1 In the example shown, lead 21 is electrically connected to one end of the first wiring 41a in the leftmost module column Ra. Lead 22 is electrically connected to one end of the second wiring 42c in the rightmost module column Rc. Lead 21 may be an extension of the first wiring 41a, and lead 22 may be an extension of the second wiring 42c.

[0073] (Structure of submodule 100) Reference Figures 4-6B The structure of submodule 100 in power generation module 1 will be described here. The module column Ra ( Figure 1 Let's take one of the sub-modules within ) as an example for illustration.

[0074] Figure 4 This is a schematic top view of one of the sub-modules in the power generation module. Figure 5 yes Figure 4 An enlarged top view of a part of a submodule. Figure 5 Magnification Figure 4 The area shown is 100a. Figure 6A It is along Figure 5 An enlarged sectional view of the VIA-VIA line. Figure 6B It is along Figure 5 An enlarged sectional view of the VIB-VIB line.

[0075] likeFigure 4 As shown, each submodule 100 includes a light-transmitting substrate 110, a power generation unit supported by the substrate 110, and a pair of wirings 141 and 142. Figure 4 In the example shown, the power generation section comprises multiple strings 120 in a linear fashion.

[0076] The substrate 110 is, for example, a rectangular glass substrate. The power generation unit is located on a portion of the main surface 110s of the substrate 110.

[0077] The power generation section includes at least a solar cell layer. As described below, the power generation section may have, for example, a laminated structure comprising at least a pair of transparent electrodes and a solar cell layer located between the pair of transparent electrodes. The laminated structure may be supported on the main surface 110s of the substrate 110, or may not be in direct contact with it.

[0078] Wiring 141 is disposed at one end of the substrate 110. Wiring 142 is disposed at the other end of the substrate 110. In this example, wirings 141 and 142 are disposed at both ends of the substrate 110 in the X direction. Wirings 141 and 142 are electrically connected to the power generation unit. Wirings 141 and 142 are connected to wirings 141 and 142 of other adjacent sub-modules (not shown) in the Y direction, respectively, forming first wiring 41a and second wiring 42a.

[0079] Multiple strings 120, which are power generation units, are connected in parallel via wiring 141 and 142. Here, each string 120 extends from one end of the substrate 110 along the X direction to the other end. One end of each string 120 is connected to wiring 141, and the other end is connected to wiring 142.

[0080] Multiple strings 120 are arranged at a distance from each other in the Y direction on the main surface 110s of the substrate 110. In a planar view viewed along the Z direction, the multiple strings 120 may also extend parallel to each other, for example. In a planar view viewed along the Z direction, the region 130 located between adjacent strings 120 in the main surface 110s of the substrate 110 is called the "inter-string region".

[0081] like Figure 5 As shown in Figure 6, the multiple strings 120 are solar cell element strings with multiple solar cell elements 150 connected in series.

[0082] like Figure 6A and Figure 6BAs shown, each string 120 has a stacked structure L consisting of multiple layers stacked in the Z direction, including a lower transparent conductive layer LE, a solar cell layer PV, and an upper transparent conductive layer UE. These layers are supported by a main surface 110s. In the stacked structure L, the solar cell layer PV is located between the lower transparent conductive layer LE and the upper transparent conductive layer UE. The lower transparent conductive layer LE is located on the substrate 110 side of the solar cell layer PV. If necessary, the solar cell layer PV may also include an electron transport layer and / or a hole transport layer. The solar cell layer PV is, for example, a stacked film containing an n-type semiconductor layer, an i-type semiconductor layer, and a p-type semiconductor layer from the substrate 110 side.

[0083] The lower transparent conductive layer LE, the solar cell layer PV, and the upper transparent conductive layer UE are separated for each solar cell element 150. In this example, the solar cell layer PV and the upper transparent conductive layer UE are separated for each solar cell element 150 via a separation trench 160. The lower transparent conductive layer LE includes the lower transparent electrode 151 of each solar cell element 150. The upper transparent conductive layer UE includes the upper transparent electrode 155 of each solar cell element 150. The solar cell layer PV includes the semiconductor layer 153 of each solar cell element 150.

[0084] Each solar cell element 150 has a lower transparent electrode 151, an upper transparent electrode 155, and a semiconductor layer 153 located between the lower transparent electrode 151 and the upper transparent electrode 155. The lower transparent electrode 151 (or upper transparent electrode 155) of the solar cell element 150 located at one end of each string 120 is electrically connected to the wiring 141. Similarly, the upper transparent electrode 155 (or lower transparent electrode 151) of the solar cell element 150 located at the other end of each string 120 is electrically connected to the wiring 142.

[0085] The solar cell layer PV (i.e., semiconductor layer 153) is a layer that converts absorbed light into electricity (photoelectric conversion layer). The solar cell layer PV may contain, for example, a perovskite compound (perovskite semiconductor) as the photoelectric conversion material. The perovskite compound is a perovskite crystal structure represented by the chemical formula ABX3 and structures with similar crystal structures. A is a monovalent cation, B is a divalent cation, and X is a halide anion. The lower transparent conductive layer LE and the upper transparent conductive layer UE are, for example, transparent metal oxide layers such as indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), or fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO). Furthermore, the materials constituting each layer of the solar cell element are not limited to the above, and known materials may be used.

[0086] (Area ratio of power generation section of submodule 100) Refer again Figure 4 and Figure 5In this specification, when viewed in a planar view along the Z direction, the ratio of the area of ​​the power generation section to the area of ​​the main surface 110s of the substrate 110 is referred to as the "power generation section area ratio". Figure 4 In the example shown, the "area of ​​the power generation section" is the total area of ​​the multiple strings 120 when viewed in a plane along the Z direction. The area ratio of the power generation section, for example, when viewed in a plane along the Z direction, is approximately equal to the ratio of the area of ​​the portion containing the solar cell layer PV (or solar cell film) to the area of ​​the main surface 110s (hereinafter referred to as the "solar cell layer area ratio"). Therefore, the area ratio of the power generation section can also be referred to as the solar cell layer area ratio.

[0087] In submodule 100, the light transmittance of the power generation section for visible light incident along the Z direction is less than that of the portion where the power generation section is not formed. This is because the power generation section includes a solar cell layer PV with a visible light transmittance, for example, lower than that of the glass substrate. Therefore, by changing the area ratio of the power generation section, the overall light transmittance of submodule 100 can be adjusted. Furthermore, in this specification, "light transmittance" refers to the transmittance (visible light transmittance) for visible light (wavelength 400nm~700nm) incident on the power generation module 1 along the first direction (Z direction).

[0088] exist Figure 5 In the example shown, the power generation area ratio can be adjusted by the number of strings 120 configured in the submodule 100, the width of each string 120 along the second direction (hereinafter referred to as "string width") ws, and the distance between two adjacent strings 120 along the second direction (Y direction) (hereinafter referred to as "inter-string distance"). The inter-string distance refers to the width of the inter-string region 130 along the second direction (hereinafter referred to as "inter-string region width") wp. As an example, the power generation area ratio of each submodule 100 can be appropriately selected within the range of 20% to 80%. Thus, the light transmittance of each submodule 100 can be adjusted to a desired value within the range of 20% to 80%.

[0089] (Configuration of sub-modules in the power generation module) The power generation module 1 of this embodiment includes two adjacent sub-modules in a second direction when viewed from a plane in a first direction (Z direction). The two adjacent sub-modules are configured such that their power generation area ratios are different. In this specification, the sub-module with the smaller power generation area ratio is sometimes referred to as the "first sub-module," and the sub-module with the larger power generation area ratio is sometimes referred to as the "second sub-module." The first sub-module can have a higher light transmittance than the second sub-module.

[0090] Figure 7 It means Figure 1 An enlarged top view of a portion of the power generation module. Figure 7 In the middle, magnified viewFigure 1 The submodule 100 shown is located in the top left of the 3-row, 3-column submodule 100.

[0091] by Figure 7 The following explanation uses two sub-modules 101 and 102 within the module column Ra as an example. Sub-modules 101 and 102 are adjacent in the second direction (Y direction in this case) when viewed from the first direction (Z direction) in a planar view. In this example, sub-modules 101 and 102 are connected in parallel.

[0092] The area ratio of the power generation section of submodule 101 is less than that of submodule 102. That is, in this example, submodule 101 is equivalent to the "first submodule", and submodule 102 is equivalent to the "second submodule". As a result, the light transmittance of submodule 101 can be greater than that of submodule 102.

[0093] exist Figure 7 In the example shown, in each of submodules 101 and 102, strings 120 are arranged at equal intervals in the Y direction. In submodule 102, the strings 120 are arranged at a higher density than in submodule 101. Therefore, the number of strings 120 in submodule 102 is greater than that in submodule 101. The width of the strings 120 in the Y direction is, for example, always constant. This allows the power generation area ratio of submodule 102 (here, the ratio of the total area of ​​the strings 120 to the main surface 110s) to be set larger than that of submodule 101.

[0094] The power generation module 1 also includes a submodule 103, which, when viewed in a plane along the Z direction, is located in a second direction (here, the Y direction) on the side opposite to submodule 101 of submodule 102. Submodule 103 is sometimes referred to as a "third submodule." The power generation area ratio of submodule 102 is smaller than that of submodule 103. In this example, in submodule 103, strings 120 are arranged with a higher density than in submodule 102.

[0095] like Figure 7 As illustrated, the multiple sub-modules 100 constituting each module column Ra~Rc can also be configured such that the sub-modules closer to one end of the module column (in this case, the upper (+Y side)) have a smaller power generation area ratio. This allows the light transmittance to vary along the Y direction (e.g., the height direction of the window).

[0096] The power generation module 1 also includes a submodule 104, which is arranged adjacent to submodule 101 in a third direction (here, the X direction) intersecting the second direction when viewed in a planar view along the Z direction. Submodule 104 is sometimes referred to as the "fourth submodule". The power generation area ratio of submodule 104 is equal to that of submodule 101. In this example, the number of strings 120 in submodule 104 is the same as that in the first submodule 101.

[0097] like Figure 7 As illustrated, the multiple sub-modules 100 constituting each module row R1 to R4 can also be configured such that all of them have the same power generation area ratio. This allows the transmittance to remain constant along the X direction (e.g., the width direction of the window).

[0098] (Other configuration examples for submodules) In this embodiment, the power generation module only needs to have at least two sub-modules that are adjacent in the second direction and have different power generation area ratios. Figure 7 In this context, the first submodule is located above (on the +Y side) the second submodule, but it can also be located below (on the -Y side). Additionally, in... Figure 7 In the text, the second direction is described as the Y-direction, but the second direction can be any direction (any direction in the XY plane) that intersects the thickness direction of the power generation module 1, i.e., the first direction. The number and configuration of sub-modules are also not limited. Figure 7 The example shown. In Figure 7 In this system, submodules 100 are arranged in a matrix, but submodules 100 can also be arranged in only one direction.

[0099] Figure 8 This is a schematic top view illustrating another example of the power generation module of the first embodiment.

[0100] Figure 8 The power generation module shown is similar to a single module column containing multiple (in this case, three) sub-modules 101-103. Figure 2 The structures shown are different.

[0101] Submodules 101~103 and Figure 7 Similarly, sub-modules 101-103 shown are configured such that the sub-module located closer to one end of module column Ra (in this case, the +Y side) has a higher power generation area ratio. Therefore, the light transmittance of the power generation module gradually increases towards the +Y direction. As shown, for example, depending on the window size, the planar shape of each sub-module 101-103 can also be a rectangular shape that is longer in the X direction. With this structure, wiring between sub-modules is unnecessary, providing a simple and aesthetically pleasing power generation module.

[0102] (Method for manufacturing submodules) Reference Figures 9A-11 The manufacturing method of submodule 100 is described.

[0103] The manufacturing method of submodule 100 includes: a film forming process, forming a laminated film containing a solar cell film on the main surface of a substrate; a film processing process, processing the laminated film to form a power generation unit; and a wiring forming process, configuring wiring electrically connected to the power generation unit.

[0104] • Membrane formation process Figure 9A and Figure 9B These are schematic three-dimensional diagrams illustrating the membrane formation process.

[0105] First, such as Figure 9A As shown, a light-transmitting substrate 110 is prepared. Here, a glass substrate is prepared as the substrate 110. Alternatively, a substrate with a surface covered by a transparent conductive film, such as an FTO substrate, can also be used.

[0106] Next, as Figure 9B As shown, a laminated film 170 is formed on the main surface 110s of the substrate 110, which sequentially includes a lower transparent conductive film, a solar cell film, and an upper transparent conductive film from the main surface 110s side.

[0107] Each film in the laminate 170 is formed using known methods and patterned as needed. For example, the lower transparent conductive film may be patterned, and contact portions connecting the upper and lower transparent conductive films may be formed. When using a substrate such as an FTO substrate whose surface is covered by a transparent conductive film, the transparent conductive film on the substrate surface may also be used as the lower transparent conductive film of the laminate 170.

[0108] Solar cell films, for example, contain perovskite compounds. The solar cell film is coated onto a lower transparent conductive film formed on the main surface 110s using methods such as spin coating or inkjet printing. The solar cell film is, for example, a laminated film comprising an n-type semiconductor film, an i-type semiconductor film (perovskite layer), and a p-type semiconductor film. First, an n-type semiconductor film is coated using inkjet printing and dried. Then, an i-type semiconductor film, which forms the upper layer of the n-type semiconductor film, is coated using inkjet printing and dried. Similarly, a p-type semiconductor film is coated using inkjet printing and dried to form a laminated film. This coating and drying process can be repeated to form a laminated film that becomes a solar cell film.

[0109] Membrane processing steps In the membrane processing procedure, firstly, as Figure 9C As shown, a laser beam is scanned in the X direction to perform a first laser processing step (string forming step) on the laminated film 170 formed by the above method, removing a portion of the laminated film 170 from the main surface 110s. Here, dicing processing such as laser scribing is performed. The portion of the laminated film 170 that is not removed and remains on the main surface 110s becomes the power generation section (string 120).

[0110] Next, as Figure 9D As shown, a laser beam is scanned in the Y direction to perform a second laser processing step (component separation step). This forms multiple separation grooves extending in the Y direction in each string 120 (and...).Figure 6A The separation tank 160 (corresponding to) separates the cells into multiple solar cell elements 150. Thus, we obtain... Figure 6A The example shows a stacked structure L.

[0111] The following is for reference Figures 10A-10C To explain the first laser processing step in more detail ( Figure 9C Here, an example is described where the lower transparent conductive film, the solar cell film, and the upper transparent conductive film constituting the laminate 170 are all removed simultaneously by laser processing. Furthermore, at least a portion of the solar cell film can be removed from the substrate by laser processing. Other transparent conductive films can be processed using different methods than the solar cell film, and can have different patterns.

[0112] Figures 10A-10C These are schematic cross-sectional views used to illustrate the membrane processing steps.

[0113] like Figure 10A As shown, a laser beam LB is scanned in the X direction to irradiate the laminated film 170 with a specified irradiation range (referred to as the "irradiation width") wL. This removes the irradiated portion of the laminated film 170. The removed portion becomes a linear region (inter-channel region) 130 extending in the X direction. If the irradiation width wL is wide, multiple scans can be performed to irradiate the specified range wL. In this example, the laminated film 170 is removed throughout the thickness direction, exposing a portion of the main surface 110s.

[0114] Next, as Figure 10B As shown, the laser head is moved, shifting the irradiation position of the laser beam LB by a predetermined distance (referred to as the "non-irradiation width") wT in the Y direction. In this state, the laser beam LB is scanned in the X direction, irradiating the laminated film 170 with the irradiation width wL, removing a portion of the laminated film 170. Between two adjacent removed portions in the Y direction, a linear structure, i.e., string 120, with the same width as the non-irradiation width wT, is formed. Figure 10C As shown, the laser irradiation of the laminated film 170 is then performed while the irradiation position is shifted in the Y direction. In this way, multiple strings 120 arranged at equal intervals in the Y direction can be formed on the main surface 110s.

[0115] In this embodiment, during the film processing step, the processing conditions in the first laser processing step are made different to create a first sub-module (e.g., Figure 7 Submodule 101) and the second submodule (e.g., Figure 7 (Sub-module 102 in the middle). Thus, the removed area (total area) of the solar cell film can be different, and therefore two sub-modules with different light transmittance can be manufactured separately.

[0116] The irradiation width wL and the non-irradiation width wT of the laser beam LB can be appropriately set so as to obtain the desired light transmittance and power generation amount. For example, the irradiation width wL1 of the laser beam LB when manufacturing the first sub-module may be made larger than the irradiation width wL2 when manufacturing the second sub-module. Alternatively, the non-irradiation width wT1 when manufacturing the first sub-module may be made smaller than the non-irradiation width wT2 when manufacturing the second sub-module. Refer to Figures 9A-9F An example of a method for separately manufacturing the sub-modules 101 and 102 will be described.

[0117] First, a plurality of base substrates 110 ( Figure 9A ) having a size smaller than the first substrate 11 are prepared. A stacked film 170 is formed on the main surface 110s of the substrate 110 under the same stacking conditions, and a plurality of base sub-modules (hereinafter referred to as "base sub-modules with a stacked film") ( Figure 9B ) are prepared.

[0118] Next, as Figure 9C shown, under the first processing conditions (irradiation width wL1 and non-irradiation width wT1), a first laser processing step (string formation step) is performed on the base sub-module with a stacked film. Thereby, a plurality of strings 120 having a string width of wT1 and a string-to-string distance of wL1 are formed on the base substrate 110. Next, as Figure 9D shown, a second laser processing step (element separation step) is performed to form a sub-module. This becomes the "first sub-module 101".

[0119] Similarly, as Figure 9E shown, the base sub-module with a stacked film ( Figure 9B ) is processed under the second processing conditions (irradiation width wL2 (wL2 < wL1), non-irradiation width wT2 (wT2 = wT1)) different from the first processing conditions. Thereby, a plurality of strings 120 having a string width of wT2 (= wT1) and a string-to-string distance of wL2 (< wL1) are formed on the base substrate 110. Next, as Figure 9F shown, a second laser processing step (element separation step) is performed to form a sub-module. This becomes the "second sub-module 102".

[0120] In this way, in the second processing conditions for forming the second sub-module, compared with the first processing conditions, the non-irradiation width is set to be equal, and on the other hand, only the irradiation width is set to be smaller, whereby the second sub-module 102 can be formed. In addition, the laser output of the laser processing is the same as that of the first processing conditions and the second processing conditions.

[0121] In addition, the first sub-module and the second sub-module formed under these conditions have the relationship shown in Table 1 (refer to Figure 16 ). It is a relationship in which the string widths of these sub-modules are the same and the widths of the inter-string regions are different.

[0122] Thus, when multiple substrate sub-modules (sub-modules with stacked films) are fabricated by pre-forming a laminated film 170 on the substrate 110 under common forming conditions, the first sub-module 101 and the second sub-module 102 can be manufactured according to the substrate sub-module by changing the processing conditions of the first laser processing step.

[0123] • Wiring formation process Figure 11 This is a schematic top view used to illustrate the wiring formation process. For example... Figure 11 As shown, wiring (e.g., interconnect strips) 141 and 142 are formed on the substrate 110 on which the string 120 is formed by the above method. In this way, the submodule 100 is manufactured.

[0124] Wiring 141 and 142 are respectively disposed on one end and the other end of the substrate 110 in the X direction. In a planar view along the Z direction, wiring 141 and 142 may also be longer than the Y direction length of the substrate 110, with their upper and lower ends extending outwards from the substrate 110. On one end of the substrate 110, wiring 141 is connected to the upper or lower transparent conductive layer at the left end of each string 120. Similarly, on the other end of the substrate 110, wiring 142 is connected to the upper or lower transparent conductive layer at the right end of each string 120. Wiring 141 and 142 may also be connected to the upper end surface of the lower transparent conductive layer, for example, by soldering.

[0125] (Manufacturing method of power generation module) Next, refer to Figures 12A-13C For the submodule 100 manufactured by the above method ( Figure 11 The method for manufacturing power generation module 1 will be explained.

[0126] The manufacturing method of the power generation module includes, for example, a sub-module configuration step, in which multiple sub-modules are configured on a first substrate and electrically connected to each other; and a sealing step, in which multiple sub-modules are sandwiched in the middle, so that the first substrate and the second substrate are bonded together.

[0127] Submodule configuration process Figure 12A and Figure 12B These are schematic top views illustrating the configuration process of the submodules.

[0128] First, prepare a first substrate (e.g., a glass substrate), and place a filler material on the first surface 11s of the first substrate. Figure 2The filling material 31 shown above is configured with multiple sub-modules 100. As a filling material, for example, a sheet of filling material containing polyolefin is used. Here, the 12 sub-modules 100 can also be arranged in 4 rows and 3 columns.

[0129] In this embodiment, such as Figure 12A As shown, for example, solder is used to connect the wiring 141 and wiring 142 of two adjacent sub-modules 100 in the Y direction (column direction) to each other. The wiring 141 of the sub-modules 100 in the same column are connected in the Y direction to form a first wiring 41a extending in the Y direction. Similarly, the wiring 142 of the sub-modules 100 in the same column are connected in the Y direction to form a second wiring 42a extending in the Y direction. Thus, a module column Ra is obtained by connecting the sub-modules 100 in the same column in parallel. Similarly, in other module columns Rb and Rc, four sub-modules 100 also form first wiring 41b, 41c and second wiring 42b, 42c connected in parallel.

[0130] In addition, such as Figure 12B As shown, the second wiring 42a of module column Ra is electrically connected to the first wiring 41b of module column Rb via the third wiring 43. The third wiring (e.g., interconnect tape) 43 can also be connected to the second wiring 42a and the first wiring 41b, for example, by soldering. Similarly, the second wiring 42b of module column Rb is connected to the first wiring 41c of module column Rc via the third wiring 43. Thus, module columns Ra~Rc are connected in series.

[0131] Next, lead 21 is connected to the first wiring 41a of the leftmost module column Ra, and lead 22 is connected to the second wiring 42c of the rightmost module column Rc. In this way, the first substrate of the tape module is formed.

[0132] In this example, at least one third wiring 43 is configured between two adjacent sub-modules 100 in the X direction, but the number, configuration (position in the Y direction), etc. of the third wiring 43 are not limited to the example shown in the figure.

[0133] Sealing process Figures 13A-13C These are schematic process cross-sectional views used to illustrate the sealing process. Figure 13A This indicates that sub-modules 100 are arranged on the first surface 11s of the first substrate 11 through the filling material 31 using the above method.

[0134] like Figure 13B As shown, in Figure 13AThe second substrate 12 is disposed above the submodule 100, separated by a filler material 32. The filler material 32 may be, for example, a sheet containing a polyolefin. In a plan view along the Z-direction, the filler materials 31 and 32 may have a larger size than the central region 13 on which the submodule 100 is disposed. In a plan view along the Z-direction, the periphery of the filler material sheet may also be located between the outer edge of the central region 13 and the peripheries of the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12.

[0135] Next, lamination is performed. During lamination, such as... Figure 13C As shown, under reduced pressure, the filler materials 31 and 32 dissolve and spread to cover the sides of the submodule 100 (the sides near the edge of the first substrate 11), bonding the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12 together. This prevents air from remaining near the sides of the submodule 100, thus suppressing the influence of air on the solar cell layer. As shown, the entire side of the submodule 100 can also be covered by the filler materials 31 and 32. Next, a sealing member (e.g., butyl rubber) 50 is disposed between the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12, positioned outside the central region 13, thereby sealing the space between the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12. The sealing member 50 is disposed, for example, to surround the central region 13. The sealing member 50 can also be positioned outside the filler materials 31 and 32. This manufactures the power generation module 1.

[0136] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned case, the sealing member 50 is configured for sealing after lamination, but lamination can also be performed after configuring the sealing member 50 and sealing.

[0137] (Setting the light transmittance of the submodule) As described above, in this embodiment, the light transmittance of the sub-module can be adjusted by the total area removed from the solar cell films during the manufacturing of each sub-module.

[0138] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the area ratio of the solar cell film removed from the submodule and the area ratio of the power generation section and the light transmittance in the thickness direction (Z direction) of the submodule.

[0139] Figure 14The vertical axis of the curve shown, representing "light transmittance," is the light transmittance excluding the wiring (interconnect strips) formed at both ends of the sub-module. "Solar film removal area ratio" is the ratio of the area of ​​the solar film removed through laser processing, etc., to the main surface of the substrate. A 0% solar film removal area ratio means that the solar film is formed entirely on the main surface of the substrate. In this case, the power generation area ratio is, for example, 100%. A 100% solar film removal area ratio means that the solar film has been completely removed from the main surface of the substrate, leaving no residual solar film; the power generation area ratio is 0%.

[0140] Depend on Figure 14 It can be seen that as the area of ​​the solar cell film removed increases, the light transmittance increases. In other words, as the area ratio of the power generation section decreases, the light transmittance increases. If the light transmittance of the first and second substrates is not considered, the light transmittance of the submodule with all the solar cell film removed is approximately 100%. Figure 14 The relationship between light transmittance and the area ratio of the solar cell film shown is an example, which can be changed by the material, thickness, formation method, and structure of the power generation part of the solar cell film.

[0141] use Figure 14 The relationships shown allow you to set the light transmittance for each submodule.

[0142] Figure 15 This is a flowchart illustrating an example of a method for setting the light transmittance of a submodule. Here, an example of designing a submodule with the width of each string set to a constant is explained.

[0143] First, based on the intended use, design, and expected power generation (power generation efficiency per unit area) of the power generation module, the light transmittance (target value) of the sub-module is set (STEP1).

[0144] Next, based on the target value of light transmittance, the total area to be removed from the solar cell film is set (STEP2). For solar cell films made of the same material as those used in the submodule, the total area to be removed can be calculated in advance. Figure 14 The example illustrates the relationship between the area ratio removed from the solar cell film and its light transmittance. Based on this relationship, the area to be removed can be set.

[0145] Next, the number of strings is set based on the area to be removed (STEP3). Then, the area of ​​the solar cell film removed by laser irradiation (i.e., the area of ​​the inter-string region) is set (STEP4). Based on this setting, the data of the laser processing machine (laser irradiation position, irradiation width, etc.) is set (STEP5).

[0146] In the methods described above, the string width is designed to be constant, but the width of the inter-string region can also be designed to be constant. Alternatively, the spacing between the strings can be designed to be constant. The string width is, for example, based on... Figures 10A-10C The width is determined by the non-irradiated width wT shown. The inter-string region width is based on... Figures 10A-10C The width is determined by the irradiation width wL shown.

[0147] (Examples of string structures for the first and second sub-modules) Reference Figures 16-18 This section provides examples illustrating string structures. Figures 16-18 These are schematic enlarged top views of two adjacent sub-modules, 101 and 102. Wiring diagrams are omitted in these figures.

[0148] Will Figures 16-18 The string structures shown are referred to as the first string structure to the third string structure, respectively. A summary of each structure is shown in Table 1. Table 1 shows the relationship between the string width ws1, the width of the inter-string region wp1, the number of strings N1, and the arrangement spacing pt1 of the first submodule 101 in each structure, and the string width ws2, the width of the inter-string region wp2, the number of strings N2, and the arrangement spacing pt2 of the second submodule 102. The "arrangement spacing" here refers to the distance between the top ends of two adjacent strings 120 in the Y direction, which is equivalent to the sum of the string width and the inter-string region width.

[0149] [Table 1]

[0150] According to the first string structure, by making the string widths ws1 and ws2 of submodules 101 and 102 the same, the power generation output of each string 120 in submodules 101 and 102 can be made the same.

[0151] According to the second string structure, by making the inter-string region widths wp1 and wp2 of sub-modules 101 and 102 the same, it is advantageous to manufacture two sub-modules 101 and 102 under the same processing conditions (laser irradiation width) in the process of processing solar cell films.

[0152] In the third string structure, the spacing pt of string 120 is set to constant in the two sub-modules 101 and 102, making the string width and the width of the inter-string area different for each other. Therefore, the design of each sub-module becomes easier.

[0153] In the first to third string structures, the string area ratio of each spacing in each sub-module 101 and 102 is constant. For example... Figure 16As illustrated, "string area ratio" refers to the ratio of the area S2 of string 120 to the total area S1 of string 120 and the inter-string region 130 adjacent to string 120 in the second direction (e.g., the -Y direction). Therefore, when the lengths of the arrangement spacings pt1 and pt2 relative to the Y direction of the main surface are sufficiently small, the light transmittance is approximately uniform within each sub-module 101 and 102.

[0154] The first to third string structures can be applied to a module column Ra containing three or more sub-modules 101 to 103 arranged in the Y direction. Figure 7 Therefore, as Figure 27 As shown by the center line 90, the light transmittance can be varied in the Y direction within the module column Ra. That is, in this embodiment, the gradient is not formed in each sub-module, but rather in the entire module column Ra.

[0155] Furthermore, the structure of the power generation module in this embodiment is not limited to the example shown in the figure. For example, in Figure 2 In the top view shown, the Y direction can be the width direction of the window, and the X direction can be the height direction of the window. The power generation unit of the power generation module 1 can have at least one solar cell element, or it can have no solar cell element string structure. Each submodule 100 can be electrically connected to at least one other submodule, and the wiring structure can be appropriately selected. In the illustrated example, the thickness, shape (size), and material of the multiple submodules 100 constituting the power generation module 1 are all the same, but they can also be different. Furthermore, the sealing structure of the submodule 100 with the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12, the structure of the filling material, etc., can also be appropriately modified.

[0156] The shape and material of each component of the power generation module are not particularly limited. For example, the first substrate 11, the second substrate 12, or the base substrate 110 of the submodule 100 are not limited to glass substrates, but can also be transparent resin substrates such as acrylic. In addition, in the above embodiment, a solar cell layer PV containing a perovskite compound is used, but as the solar cell layer PV, layers containing other known photoelectric conversion materials can also be used, such as thin-film silicon semiconductor layers such as amorphous silicon and microcrystalline silicon, compound semiconductor layers such as CIS and CIGS, organic semiconductor layers, etc.

[0157] The structure of submodule 100 is not limited to the example shown. Multiple strings 120 can extend from one end of the substrate to the other, or they may not be along the X direction. For example, as shown... Figure 19A As illustrated, part or all of string 120 can also extend at an angle relative to the Y direction. Or, as... Figure 19B As shown, some or all of string 120 can also extend in a curved shape.

[0158] (Effect) Thus, the power generation module 1 includes multiple sub-modules 100. Each sub-module 100 includes a first sub-module 101 and a second sub-module 102 arranged adjacent to each other in a planar view along a first direction. Each sub-module 100 includes a light-transmitting substrate 110 and a power generation section located on a portion of a main surface 110s of the substrate 110. The power generation section includes at least a solar cell layer PV supported on the main surface 110s. In a planar view, the area ratio (power generation section area ratio) of the power generation section in the first sub-module 101 relative to the main surface 110s is less than the area ratio of the power generation section in the second sub-module 102 relative to the main surface 110s.

[0159] The power generation module 1 has two sub-modules 101 and 102 with different power generation area ratios, thus allowing for changes in function and design depending on their location. This increases the flexibility of the design.

[0160] More specifically, the larger the area ratio of the power generation section of each sub-module 100, the higher the power generation efficiency per unit area; however, the light transmittance may decrease. Therefore, by making the area ratios of the power generation sections of the two sub-modules 101 and 102 different, not only can the power generation efficiency per unit area differ, but the light transmittance can also be made different for each sub-module. Thus, for example, it is possible to design the power generation module 1 according to its intended use (building materials used, operating environment, etc.). Furthermore, the difference in light transmittance can be used to improve design flexibility.

[0161] Typically, solar cell arrays are formed by arranging solar cells with the same structure (and the same power generation performance). In contrast, in this embodiment, a power generation module is constructed by intentionally combining multiple sub-modules with different power generation structures (power generation performance), thereby providing design flexibility, for example.

[0162] In this embodiment, to achieve the desired design flexibility or light transmittance, the power generation unit, which functions as a solar cell, is utilized without the need for additional components. Therefore, a highly design-friendly power generation module can be provided while minimizing increases in manufacturing processes or the number of components.

[0163] The power generation module 1 also includes a first substrate 11 that is transparent to light and a second substrate 12 that is transparent to light. The second substrate 12 is arranged opposite to the first substrate 11 in a first direction (Z direction). A plurality of sub-modules 100 are located between the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12. The main surface 110s of the base substrate 110 of the sub-module 100 is arranged, for example, opposite to the second substrate 12.

[0164] According to the above structure, the power generation module 1 has a structure in which multiple sub-modules 100 are smaller than the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12 and are disposed between the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12. Therefore, it can accommodate building materials of various sizes according to the number and configuration of the sub-modules 100.

[0165] Furthermore, in the power generation module 1, the first substrate 11, the second substrate 12, and the base substrate 110 are light-transmitting, allowing light to be transmitted in a first direction. Therefore, it can be appropriately applied to applications requiring high visible light transmittance, such as integrated solar cells for building windows.

[0166] In both the first submodule 101 and the second submodule 102, the power generation unit may include a plurality of strings 120 supported on the main surface 110s of the substrate 110. Each string 120 is a string 120 of solar cell elements 150 connected in series. In a planar view along the first direction, each string 120 extends from one end of the substrate 110 to the other. Based on this structure, the desired transmittance design can be achieved in each submodule 101 and 102 by adjusting the number and arrangement of the strings 120.

[0167] Alternatively, the first submodule and the second submodule may be adjacent in the second direction when viewed in a planar view. The first submodule 101 and the second submodule 102 may also include a first wiring 141 disposed at one end of the substrate 110 and a second wiring 142 disposed at the other end of the substrate 110. In each of the first submodule 101 and the second submodule 102, a plurality of strings 120 may be arranged at a distance from each other in the second direction. The plurality of strings 120 may also extend from the first wiring 141 to the second wiring 142 in a third direction (X direction) intersecting the second direction.

[0168] According to the above structure, the multiple strings 120 in each submodule 101, 102 are connected in parallel. Therefore, even when strings 120 with different widths are formed (refer to the implementation described later), the impact of the difference in power generation performance caused by the difference in string width on the power generation performance of the submodule can be reduced.

[0169] In at least one of the first submodule 101 and the second submodule 102, the plurality of strings 120 can also be arranged at equal intervals in the second direction when viewed in a plane along the first direction. According to the above structure, in the solar cell film processing step when manufacturing the submodule, laser processing for forming the plurality of strings 120 can be performed while the processing conditions (irradiation width wL of laser beam LB) are set to a constant state.

[0170] The multiple sub-modules 100 may also include a third sub-module 103 located on the side of the second sub-module 102 opposite to the first sub-module 101 in the second direction. In a planar view observed along the first direction, the area ratio of the power-generating section in the second sub-module 102 relative to the main surface 110s may also be smaller than the area ratio of the power-generating section in the third sub-module 103 relative to the main surface 110s. With the above structure, in a module array including sub-modules 101 to 103, the light transmittance can be varied in the second direction (see reference). Figure 27 Line 90).

[0171] The multiple submodules 100 may also include a fourth submodule 104. In a planar view observed along the first direction, the fourth submodule 104 is configured adjacent to the first submodule 101 in a third direction intersecting the second direction. In a planar view observed along the first direction, the area ratio of the power generation section in the fourth submodule 104 relative to the main surface 110s may also be equal to the area ratio of the power generation section in the first submodule 101 relative to the main surface 110s.

[0172] The fourth submodule 104 does not require a special design and can be the same as the first submodule 101. This eliminates the need to design the area ratio for the fourth submodule; it only requires configuring the same area ratio as the first submodule 101. Furthermore, the series 120s of the first submodule 101 and the fourth submodule 104 are arranged on the first substrate 11 in a manner that makes them approximately a straight line in the X direction. This allows for a constant transmittance in the X direction. Consequently, a unified design can be achieved for the power generation module.

[0173] Based on the above structure, the light transmittance of the power generation module 1 can be kept constant in the third direction (X direction). Therefore, a unified design can be achieved, especially when the power generation module 1 is applied to large-area building materials. In addition, the first sub-module 101 and the fourth sub-module 104 can have the same current capacity, which is particularly advantageous when these sub-modules are connected in series.

[0174] The first submodule 101 and the second submodule 102 can also be connected in parallel. This increases the output current. In addition, compared with connecting these submodules 101 and 102 in series, the impact of the difference in power generation performance caused by the difference in the area ratio of the power generation section between submodules 101 and 102 on the power generation performance of power generation module 1 can be reduced.

[0175] Multiple sub-modules 100 can also constitute a solar cell array. For example, the power generation module 1 has multiple module columns Ra~Rc. Each module column includes at least a first sub-module 101 and a second sub-module 102, extending in a second direction when viewed in a plane along a first direction. The multiple module columns Ra~Rc are arranged in a third direction (X direction) intersecting the second direction and are connected in series. According to the above structure, by combining series and parallel connections, the maximum current and maximum voltage of the power generation module 1 can be set within a desired range.

[0176] The PV layer of a solar cell can, for example, contain perovskite compounds. Solar cell films containing perovskite compounds (perovskite films) can be easily formed using coating techniques such as inkjet printing and spin coating. Furthermore, the perovskite film coated on the substrate can be easily processed into fine shapes using methods such as laser processing, further improving design flexibility. As a result, it is easy to form precise gradients based on multiple strings of 120. Thus, by using a layer containing perovskite compounds as the PV layer of a solar cell, design freedom can be further increased. Therefore, it can be more appropriately applied to building-integrated solar cells.

[0177] According to this embodiment, the process of forming submodule 100 includes: a film forming process, forming a laminated film 170 containing a solar cell film on the main surface 110s of a light-transmitting substrate 110; and a film processing process, processing the laminated film 170 to form a power generation section (e.g., a plurality of strings 120) containing a solar cell layer PV on a portion of the main surface 110s. The film processing process includes a laser processing process in which a portion of the solar cell film is removed from the main surface 110s by laser processing, thereby the unremoved portion of the solar cell film becomes the solar cell layer PV of the power generation section. In the laser processing process, the area of ​​the solar cell film removed is different relative to the area of ​​the main surface 110s in the first submodule 101 and the second submodule 102.

[0178] According to the above method, a power generation module 1 can be manufactured with two sub-modules 101 and 102 having different areas removed from the solar cell film, i.e., different areas of the solar cell layer PV constituting the power generation section. The light transmittance of sub-modules 101 and 102 can vary depending on the area removed from the solar cell film. Therefore, according to the above method, by simply differentiating the laser processing conditions (e.g., the irradiation width wL and the non-irradiation width wT of the laser beam LB), two sub-modules with different light transmittances can be easily manufactured separately. Furthermore, by changing the combination and arrangement of the sub-modules with different light transmittances, various designs can be achieved. For example, the power generation module can also be manufactured by selecting and combining sub-modules according to customer expectations. Therefore, a power generation module with excellent design can be manufactured while suppressing the increase in the number of manufacturing processes and manufacturing costs.

[0179] Second Implementation Method The power generation module according to the second embodiment of this disclosure will now be described. The difference between the power generation module of this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the power generation module of this embodiment is configured such that multiple strings gradually transition within at least one sub-module. Hereinafter, the differences from the first embodiment will be mainly described, with repeated descriptions omitted as appropriate.

[0180] Figure 20 This is an enlarged top view showing one submodule in the second embodiment of this disclosure.

[0181] like Figure 20 As shown, in submodule 100, multiple strings 120 are configured to gradually change the width wp of the inter-string region along the Y direction to form a gradient. The width (string width) of each string 120 can be the same or different. As described later, the gradient can also be formed by gradually changing the string width, string area ratio, etc. within a single submodule.

[0182] According to this embodiment, the power generation area ratio of the submodule can be set by forming a gradient in the series 120, thereby setting the light transmittance.

[0183] (Examples of string structures for the first and second sub-modules) It can also extend to two adjacent sub-modules to create a gradient. (See reference...) Figures 21-23 This illustrates a design example of a string structure.

[0184] Figures 21-23 These are schematic enlarged top views of two adjacent sub-modules, 101 and 102. Wiring diagrams are omitted in these figures.

[0185] exist Figures 21-23 In the example shown, the power generation area ratio of submodule 101 is smaller than that of submodule 102. Furthermore, a series area ratio ( Figure 21 The gradient shown (S2 / S1) gradually increases along the direction (-Y direction) from submodule 101 toward submodule 102.

[0186] Will Figures 21-23 The string structures shown are referred to as the fourth to sixth string structures, respectively. A summary of each structure is shown in Table 2. In Table 2, "gradually decreasing (or increasing)" means gradually decreasing (or increasing) in the -Y direction.

[0187] [Table 2]

[0188] In the fourth string structure, throughout submodules 101 to 102, the inter-string region width wp is set to gradually decrease along the second direction (in this case, the -Y direction). Since the string width (width of the power generation section) ws is constant, the power generation output of multiple strings 120 can be made the same.

[0189] In the fifth string structure, throughout submodules 101 to 102, the string width ws is set to gradually increase along the second direction (in this case, the -Y direction). Since the inter-string width wp is constant, this is advantageous in that the processing conditions (laser irradiation width) do not need to be changed for each string when processing the solar cell film. Furthermore, each submodule 101, 102 has a structure formed by connecting multiple strings 120 with different string widths (widths of solar cell elements) in parallel. Thus, by intentionally combining multiple strings (multiple solar cell elements) with different power generation structures (power generation performance) to form submodules, the design flexibility of the submodules is enhanced.

[0190] In the sixth string structure, the string spacing pt remains constant throughout submodules 101 and 102. By varying both the string width ws and the inter-string region width wp, the string area ratio is set to gradually increase along the second direction.

[0191] According to the fourth to sixth string structures, the string 120 of submodule 101 is configured such that its string area ratio increases as it approaches submodule 102. On the other hand, the string 120 of submodule 102 is configured such that its string area ratio increases as it moves away from submodule 101. The minimum string area ratio of submodule 102 is greater than the maximum string area ratio of submodule 101. Thus, a gradient can be formed throughout submodules 101 and 102.

[0192] (Method for setting the light transmittance of a submodule) In this embodiment, it is also possible to compare with the reference Figure 14 as well as Figure 15 The same method is used to set the light transmittance of each sub-module. Specifically, to create a gradient, the string width ws and / or the inter-string region width wp are set based on the position of the main surface of the substrate (position in the second direction).

[0193] exist Figures 21-23 In the example shown, the string width and other parameters are varied for each string. However, the main surface 110s of the substrate 110 can also be divided into multiple regions in the second direction, and the string width, inter-string region width, and other parameters can be different for each region.

[0194] Table 3 shows a design example of the sixth string structure. In this example, as... Figure 24As shown, the main surface 110s of the substrate 110 is divided into multiple regions r1 to r5 in the second direction, and the string width ws of each region and the inter-string region width wp are set. In Table 3, the widths ws and wp are shown as a proportion relative to the arrangement spacing pt.

[0195] [Table 3]

[0196] (Gradient effect of module columns) If the structure of the fourth to sixth strings ( Figures 21-23 When applied to a module column, for example, with three or more sub-modules, a gradient in the area ratio changing in one direction can be formed within the module column (not only within each sub-module but also between sub-modules). Therefore, each sub-module has its own gradient, and in a whole composed of multiple (e.g., three) sub-modules, a combined gradient can be achieved by combining the individual gradients.

[0197] Figure 25 as well as Figure 26 These are schematic top views illustrating the gradient of the module column. In these views, a module column Ra containing sub-modules 101 to 103 is illustrated. In module column Ra, a gradient is formed from the top of sub-module 101 to the bottom of sub-module 103.

[0198] exist Figure 25 In the example shown, the arrangement spacing pt1, pt2, pt3 and the number of strings N1, N2, N3 in submodules 101~103 satisfy the following relationship.

[0199] pt1=pt2=pt3 N1=N2=N3 (in this case, 15 rods) In the module column Ra, the string width ws gradually increases (in this case, the -Y direction) along the second direction (in 45 stages). The inter-string region width wp gradually decreases along the second direction. This creates a gradient in the string area ratio that gradually increases along the second direction.

[0200] exist Figure 25 In the example shown, throughout the module column Ra, the string area ratio varies regularly (or quasi-regularly) in the second direction. Therefore, as Figure 27 As schematically represented by line 91, in the module column Ra, multiple sub-modules 101-103 can be extended to smoothly increase the light transmittance. For example, the change in string area ratio across two adjacent sub-modules is the same as the change in string area ratio within each sub-module. In the section spanning two sub-modules, the string area can also change with the same regularity as within each sub-module. Furthermore, in... Figure 27In this model, assuming that the string width and spacing are sufficiently small relative to the size of the substrate, the change in string area ratio, which varies in stages according to the spacing, is represented as a simulated linear line.

[0201] exist Figure 26 In the module column Ra shown, the arrangement spacing pt1~pt3 and the number of strings N1~N3 in sub-modules 101~103 satisfy the following relationship.

[0202] pt1>pt2>pt3 N1 <N2<N3 In each submodule 101-103, strings 120 are arranged at equal intervals. The string width ws gradually increases along the second direction (in this case, the -Y direction), and the width wp of the inter-string region gradually decreases along the second direction. This module column Ra can be said to be a representation of, for example... Figure 7 The submodules 101-103 shown apply structures that allow for variations in string width.

[0203] exist Figure 26 In the example shown, each submodule 101-103 has a gradual transition, and the string area ratio changes abruptly between adjacent submodules. For example, the change in string area ratio across two adjacent submodules is greater than the change in string area ratio within each submodule. Therefore, as... Figure 27 As schematically represented by line 92, the change in light transmittance in the module column is greater between two adjacent sub-modules than within those two sub-modules.

[0204] exist Figure 25 , Figure 26 In this embodiment, only three sub-modules 101-103 are shown, but a module column with a gradient can also be formed by four or more sub-modules. Furthermore, multiple module columns with the same gradient structure can be arranged in the X direction. Also, in this embodiment, the gradient only needs to be formed in one region spanning multiple sub-modules. For example, in a planar view, the gradient can be formed only in the lower part of the first sub-module and the upper part of the second sub-module.

[0205] (Method for manufacturing submodules) The gradient submodule, apart from the film processing step of processing the solar cell film, can be manufactured using the same method as in the aforementioned embodiment. Hereinafter, the film processing step in this embodiment will be referred to... Figures 10A-10C Explain the differences from the aforementioned procedures, and omit any identical descriptions as appropriate.

[0206] Figures 28A-28C These are schematic process cross-sectional views illustrating the processing method of a laminated film containing a solar cell film.

[0207] Figures 28A-28CThe method shown is applicable to structures where the width of the inter-string region gradually changes (see reference). Figure 21 This method is similar to... Figures 10A-10C The difference in the method shown is that the irradiation width (irradiation range) is set in such a way that the width of the removed laminate gradually increases (or decreases).

[0208] like Figure 28A As shown, a laser beam LB is scanned in the X direction to irradiate the laminated film 170 with an irradiation width wL1. This removes the irradiated portion of the laminated film 170. Next, as... Figure 28B As shown, the irradiation position of the laser beam LB is offset by a specified distance (non-irradiation width) wT in the Y direction, so that the laminated film 170 is irradiated by the laser beam LB with an irradiation width wL2 (wL2>wL1) that is larger than the irradiation width wL1. Figure 28C As shown, the laminated film 170 is then processed while the irradiation position is shifted at equal intervals in the Y direction and the irradiation width is changed. In this way, a gradient is formed on the main surface 110s where the spacing of the strings 120 gradually changes in the Y direction.

[0209] Figures 29A-29C These are schematic process cross-sectional views illustrating other processing methods for laminated films containing solar cell films.

[0210] Figures 29A-29C The method shown is applied to structures where the string width varies gradually (see reference). Figure 22 This method differs from others in that it processes laminated films by varying the laser head's travel distance (non-irradiation width). Figures 10A-10C The methods shown are different.

[0211] Specifically, such as Figure 29A As shown, firstly, a laser beam LB is scanned in the X direction to irradiate the laminated film 170 with an irradiation width wL, removing the irradiated portion of the laminated film 170. Next, as... Figure 29B As shown, the irradiation position of the laser beam LB is offset by a specified distance (non-irradiation width) wT1 in the Y direction to irradiate the laminated film 170. Then, as... Figure 29C As shown, the irradiation position of the laser beam LB is offset in the Y direction by a non-irradiation width wT2 that is larger than the non-irradiation width wT1, and laser irradiation is performed. This creates a gradual change in the width of string 120.

[0212] <Effects, etc.> In this embodiment, in each of the plurality of sub-modules 100, the main surface 110s of the substrate 110 includes a plurality of inter-string regions 130 located between two adjacent strings 120. At least the strings 120 of the first sub-module 101 may be configured, for example, as follows.

[0213] Multiple strings 120 are arranged at intervals along a second direction, forming a gradual change in at least one of the string width ws, inter-string region width wp, and string area ratio S2 / S1 along a second direction. In a planar view observed along the first direction, the string width ws is the width of each string 120 along the second direction. The inter-string region width wp is the width of each inter-string region 130 along the second direction. The string area ratio S2 / S1 is, in a planar view observed along the first direction, the ratio of the area S2 of each string 120 to the total area S1 of that string 120 and its adjacent inter-string regions 130 in the second direction.

[0214] According to the above structure, the first sub-module 101 has a gradient along the second direction (Y direction), which can further improve the design of the power generation module 1.

[0215] Multiple submodules 100 may also include a third submodule 103 located on the opposite side of the second submodule 102 from the first submodule 101 in the second direction (Y direction). The string 120 of these submodules 101 to 103 may also be configured, for example, as follows.

[0216] In each of submodules 101-103, a plurality of strings 120 are configured such that at least one of the string width ws, the inter-string region width wp, and the string area ratio S2 / S1 gradually increases along a second direction. From submodule 101 across submodule 102 to submodule 103, a gradient is formed in which at least one of the string width ws and the inter-string region width wp gradually increases along the second direction.

[0217] Based on the above structure, a gradient is formed in each sub-module 101-103, and this gradient spans across sub-modules 101-103. This further improves the design flexibility of the power generation module 1.

[0218] The multiple submodules 100 may also include a fourth submodule 104. The fourth submodule 104, when viewed from a plane in the first direction (Z direction), is arranged adjacent to the first submodule 101 in a third direction (X direction) intersecting the second direction (Y direction). The multiple strings 120 of the fourth submodule 104 can also be arranged to form the same gradient as the first submodule 101. According to the above structure, a gradient with a unified feel can be formed over a wider range.

[0219] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the aforementioned gradient is formed by laser processing of the solar cell film. Therefore, by changing the laser processing conditions (irradiation width, non-irradiation width), sub-modules with multiple gradients can be fabricated separately.

[0220] Overview of Implementation Methods <1> The power generation module disclosed herein is a power generation module comprising multiple sub-modules, wherein, The plurality of submodules include a first submodule and a second submodule that are arranged adjacent to each other in a planar view. Each of the multiple sub-modules has: Substrate; and The power generation unit is located on a portion of the main surface of the substrate. The power generation unit includes at least a solar cell layer supported on the main surface. In planar view, the area ratio of the power generation unit in the first submodule relative to the main surface is less than the area ratio of the power generation unit in the second submodule relative to the main surface.

[0221] <2> exist <1> The power generation module described also includes: The first substrate is transparent; and The second substrate, disposed opposite to the first substrate in a first direction, is light-transmitting. The plurality of sub-modules are located between the first substrate and the second substrate.

[0222] <3> exist <1> or <2> Among the recorded power generation modules, The visible light transmittance of the first submodule is greater than that of the second submodule.

[0223] <4> exist <1> to <3> In any of the recorded power generation modules, In both the first submodule and the second submodule The power generation unit includes a plurality of strings supported on the main surface of the substrate. The multiple strings are each a string of solar cell elements connected in series. In planar view, the plurality of strings extend from one end of the substrate to the other end.

[0224] <5> exist <4> Among the recorded power generation modules, The first submodule and the second submodule are adjacent in the second direction when viewed from a plane. The first submodule and the second submodule also respectively include: A first wiring is disposed on one end side of the substrate; and The second wiring is disposed on the other end side of the substrate. In both the first submodule and the second submodule The plurality of strings are arranged at a distance from each other in the second direction. The plurality of strings extend from the first wiring to the second wiring in a third direction intersecting the second direction.

[0225] <6> exist <5> Among the recorded power generation modules, In at least one of the first submodule and the second submodule, The plurality of strings are arranged at equal intervals in the second direction when viewed in a planar view.

[0226] <7> exist <1> to <6> In any of the recorded power generation modules, The first submodule and the second submodule are adjacent in the second direction when viewed from a plane. The plurality of sub-modules further includes a third sub-module located on the side opposite to the first sub-module in the second direction. In planar view, the area ratio of the power generation unit in the second submodule relative to the main surface is less than the area ratio of the power generation unit in the third submodule relative to the main surface.

[0227] <8> exist <1> to <6> In any of the recorded power generation modules, The plurality of submodules also includes a fourth submodule. The first submodule and the second submodule are adjacent in the second direction when viewed from a plane. The fourth submodule is configured adjacent to the first submodule in a third direction intersecting the second direction in planar view. In planar view, the area ratio of the power generation unit in the fourth submodule relative to the main surface is equal to the area ratio of the power generation unit in the first submodule relative to the main surface.

[0228] <9> exist <5> or <6> Among the recorded power generation modules, In each of the plurality of sub-modules, the main surface of the substrate includes a plurality of inter-string regions located between two adjacent strings. In the first submodule, The plurality of strings are arranged at intervals along the second direction in a gradually varying manner, with at least one of the string width and the width of the inter-string region changing gradually along the second direction. In a planar view, the string width is the width of each string along the second direction, and the inter-string region width is the width of each inter-string region along the second direction.

[0229] <10> exist <5> or <6> Among the recorded power generation modules, In the plurality of sub-modules, the main surface of the substrate includes a plurality of inter-string regions located between two adjacent strings. In the first submodule, The plurality of strings are arranged at a distance from each other in the second direction in a gradually changing manner, such that the string area ratio gradually changes along the second direction. The string area ratio is the area ratio of each string relative to the string and the total area of ​​the string's adjacent inter-string regions in the second direction when viewed from a plane.

[0230] <11> exist <9> Among the recorded power generation modules, The plurality of sub-modules further includes a third sub-module located on the side opposite to the first sub-module in the second direction. In each of the first submodule, the second submodule, and the third submodule, the plurality of strings are configured such that at least one of the string width and the inter-string region width gradually increases along the second direction. From the first submodule across the second submodule to the third submodule, at least one of the string width and the inter-string region width gradually increases along the second direction to form a gradient.

[0231] <12> exist <10> Among the recorded power generation modules, The plurality of sub-modules further includes a third sub-module located on the side opposite to the first sub-module in the second direction. In each of the first submodule, the second submodule, and the third submodule, the plurality of strings are configured such that the string area ratio gradually increases along the second direction. From the first submodule across the second submodule to the third submodule, the string area ratio gradually increases along the second direction, forming a gradient.

[0232] <13> exist <9> or <10> Among the recorded power generation modules, The plurality of submodules also includes a fourth submodule. The fourth submodule is configured adjacent to the first submodule in a third direction intersecting the second direction in planar view. The plurality of strings in the fourth submodule are configured to form the same gradient as the gradient in the first submodule.

[0233] <14> exist <1> to <13> In any of the recorded power generation modules, The first submodule and the second submodule are connected in parallel.

[0234] <15> exist <1> to <14> In any of the recorded power generation modules, It has multiple module columns extending in a second direction in planar view, each module column containing at least the first sub-module and the second sub-module. The plurality of modules are arranged upwards on a third direction intersecting the second direction and connected in series.

[0235] <16> exist <1> to <15> In any of the recorded power generation modules, The solar cell layer contains a perovskite compound.

[0236] <17> The method for manufacturing a power generation module disclosed herein is a method for manufacturing a power generation module comprising multiple sub-modules including a first sub-module and a second sub-module, wherein: The process of forming the plurality of sub-modules; and The process of configuring the first submodule and the second submodule in an adjacent manner. The process of forming the plurality of sub-modules includes: The film formation process involves forming a laminated film containing a solar cell film on the main surface of a substrate; and The film processing step involves processing the laminated film to form a power generation section containing a solar cell layer on a portion of the main surface. In the film processing step, by removing a portion of the solar cell film from the main surface, the remaining portion of the solar cell film forms the solar cell layer of the power generation unit. In the film processing steps of forming the first submodule and the second submodule, the ratio of the removed area of ​​the solar cell film to the area of ​​the main surface is made different.

[0237] <18> exist <17> The manufacturing method of the power generation module described herein, It also includes a process of placing a light-transmitting first substrate and a light-transmitting second substrate opposite each other in a first direction and sandwiching the plurality of sub-modules in between for bonding.

[0238] <19> exist <17> or <18> The manufacturing method of the power generation module described herein, The solar cell film contains a perovskite compound. In the film forming process, the solar cell film is formed by coating. The membrane processing step is a process of forming multiple strings to serve as the power generation unit. It also includes a step of forming a plurality of solar cell layers by laser processing of the solar cell film, wherein the plurality of solar cell layers are respectively formed into one of the plurality of strings.

[0239] <20> exist <17> to <19> In any of the described methods for manufacturing a power generation module, The multiple strings are each a string of solar cell elements connected in series. In planar view, the plurality of strings of the first submodule and the second submodule extend parallel to each other from one end of the substrate to the other end.

[0240] <21> exist <17> to <20> In any of the described methods for manufacturing a power generation module, The plurality of submodules also include a third submodule. The first submodule and the second submodule are adjacent in the second direction when viewed from a planar perspective. The third submodule is configured in the second direction on the side of the second submodule opposite to the first submodule. In the first submodule, the second submodule, and the third submodule, the ratio of the area of ​​the solar cell film removed during the film processing step to the area of ​​the main surface is different for each of them.

[0241] <22> exist <17> to <21> In any of the described methods for manufacturing a power generation module, The plurality of submodules also includes a fourth submodule. The first submodule and the second submodule are adjacent in the second direction when viewed from a plane. The fourth submodule is configured adjacent to the first submodule in a third direction intersecting the second direction in planar view. In the first submodule and the fourth submodule, the ratio of the area of ​​the solar cell film removed during the film processing step to the area of ​​the main surface is the same.

[0242] <23> exist <22> The manufacturing method of the power generation module described herein, In a planar view, the plurality of strings of the first submodule and the corresponding string of the plurality of strings of the fourth submodule are arranged in a straight line in the third direction.

[0243] <24> exist <17> In the described method for manufacturing a power generation module, three or more sub-modules with different power generation area ratios are arranged in the second direction (Y direction), or Relative to the first submodule, a fourth submodule with the same power generation area ratio as the first submodule is configured in a direction orthogonal to the second module (third direction), or The strings of adjacent submodules in the first direction (X direction) are aligned, for example, the strings of the first submodule and the fourth submodule are aligned horizontally (roughly in a straight line).

[0244] Industrial applicability The power generation module disclosed herein is useful as a power generation module that can be applied to windows of buildings such as building-integrated solar cells and power-generating glass.

[0245] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures 1 power generation module 11 First substrate 11s First Page 12 Second substrate 13 Central Region 21, 22 leads 31 First Filler Material 32 Second filler material 41, 41a~41c First wiring 42, 42a~42c Second wiring 43 Third wiring 50 sealing components 100 submodules 101 First Submodule 102 Second Submodule 103 Third Submodule 104 Fourth Submodule 110 substrate 110s substrate main surface 120 strings 130-string area 141, 142 wiring 150 solar cell elements 151 Lower transparent electrode 153 semiconductor layer 155 Upper Transparent Electrode 160 Separation Tank 170-layer film LB laser beam LE lower transparent conductive layer PV solar cell layer UE upper transparent conductive layer Spacing between pt, pt1~pt3 R1~R4 module lines Ra~Rc module list ws string width wp inter-string area width Irradiation widths wL, wL1, and wL2 wT, wT1, wT2 Non-irradiation width

Claims

1. A power generation module comprising multiple sub-modules, wherein, The plurality of submodules include a first submodule and a second submodule that are arranged adjacent to each other in a planar view. Each of the multiple sub-modules has: Substrate; as well as The power generation unit is located on a portion of the main surface of the substrate. The power generation unit includes at least a solar cell layer supported on the main surface. In planar view, the area ratio of the power generation unit in the first submodule relative to the main surface is less than the area ratio of the power generation unit in the second submodule relative to the main surface.

2. The power generation module according to claim 1, wherein, It also has: The first substrate is transparent; and The second substrate is disposed opposite to the first substrate in a first direction and is light-transmitting. The plurality of sub-modules are located between the first substrate and the second substrate.

3. The power generation module according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The visible light transmittance of the first submodule is greater than that of the second submodule.

4. The power generation module according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, In both the first submodule and the second submodule The power generation unit includes a plurality of strings supported on the main surface of the substrate. The multiple strings are each a string of solar cell elements connected in series. In planar view, the plurality of strings extend from one end of the substrate to the other end.

5. The power generation module according to claim 4, wherein, The first submodule and the second submodule are adjacent in the second direction when viewed from a plane. The first submodule and the second submodule also respectively include: A first wiring is disposed on one end side of the substrate; and The second wiring is disposed on the other end side of the substrate. In both the first submodule and the second submodule The plurality of strings are arranged at a distance from each other in the second direction. Each of the plurality of strings extends from the first wiring to the second wiring in a third direction intersecting the second direction.

6. The power generation module according to claim 5, wherein, In at least one of the first submodule and the second submodule, The plurality of strings are arranged at equal intervals in the second direction when viewed in a planar view.

7. The power generation module according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The first submodule and the second submodule are adjacent in the second direction when viewed from a plane. The plurality of sub-modules further includes a third sub-module, which is located on the opposite side of the second sub-module from the first sub-module in the second direction. In planar view, the area ratio of the power generation unit in the second submodule relative to the main surface is less than the area ratio of the power generation unit in the third submodule relative to the main surface.

8. The power generation module according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The plurality of submodules also includes a fourth submodule. The first submodule and the second submodule are adjacent in the second direction when viewed from a plane. The fourth submodule is configured adjacent to the first submodule in a third direction intersecting the second direction in planar view. In planar view, the area ratio of the power generation unit in the fourth submodule relative to the main surface is equal to the area ratio of the power generation unit in the first submodule relative to the main surface.

9. The power generation module according to claim 5, wherein, In each of the plurality of sub-modules, the main surface of the substrate includes a plurality of inter-string regions located between two adjacent strings. In the first submodule, The plurality of strings are arranged at intervals along the second direction in a gradually varying manner, with at least one of the string width and the width of the inter-string region changing gradually along the second direction. In a planar view, the string width is the width of each string along the second direction, and the inter-string region width is the width of each inter-string region along the second direction.

10. The power generation module according to claim 5, wherein, In the plurality of sub-modules, the main surface of the substrate includes a plurality of inter-string regions located between two adjacent strings. In the first submodule, The plurality of strings are arranged at intervals along the second direction in a gradually changing manner, with the string area ratio gradually varying along the second direction. The string area ratio is the area ratio of each string relative to the string and the total area of ​​the string's adjacent inter-string regions in the second direction when viewed from a plane.

11. The power generation module according to claim 9, wherein, The plurality of sub-modules further includes a third sub-module, which is located on the opposite side of the second sub-module from the first sub-module in the second direction. In each of the first submodule, the second submodule, and the third submodule, the plurality of strings are configured such that at least one of the string width and the inter-string region width gradually increases along the second direction. From the first submodule across the second submodule to the third submodule, at least one of the string width and the inter-string region width gradually increases along the second direction to form a gradient.

12. The power generation module according to claim 10, wherein, The plurality of sub-modules further includes a third sub-module, which is located on the opposite side of the second sub-module from the first sub-module in the second direction. In each of the first submodule, the second submodule, and the third submodule, the plurality of strings are configured such that the string area ratio gradually increases along the second direction. From the first submodule across the second submodule to the third submodule, the string area ratio gradually increases along the second direction, forming a gradient.

13. The power generation module according to claim 9, wherein, The plurality of submodules also includes a fourth submodule. The fourth submodule is configured adjacent to the first submodule in a third direction intersecting the second direction in planar view. The plurality of strings in the fourth submodule are configured to form the same gradient as the gradient in the first submodule.

14. The power generation module according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The first submodule and the second submodule are connected in parallel.

15. The power generation module according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, It has multiple module columns extending in a second direction in planar view, each module column containing at least the first sub-module and the second sub-module. The plurality of modules are arranged upwards on a third direction intersecting the second direction and are connected in series.

16. The power generation module according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The solar cell layer contains a perovskite compound.

17. A method for manufacturing a power generation module, the power generation module comprising a plurality of submodules including a first submodule and a second submodule, wherein, The method for manufacturing the power generation module includes: The process of forming the plurality of sub-modules; and The process of configuring the first submodule and the second submodule in an adjacent manner. The process of forming the plurality of sub-modules includes: The film formation process involves forming a laminated film containing a solar cell film on the main surface of a substrate; and The film processing step involves processing the laminated film to form a power generation section containing a solar cell layer on a portion of the main surface. In the film processing step, by removing a portion of the solar cell film from the main surface, the remaining portion of the solar cell film forms the solar cell layer of the power generation unit. In the first submodule and the second submodule, the ratio of the area of ​​the solar cell film removed during the film processing step to the area of ​​the main surface is made different.

18. The method for manufacturing a power generation module according to claim 17, wherein, It also includes a process of placing a light-transmitting first substrate and a light-transmitting second substrate opposite each other in a first direction, and sandwiching the plurality of sub-modules in between for bonding.

19. The method for manufacturing a power generation module according to claim 17 or 18, wherein, The solar cell film contains a perovskite compound. In the film forming process, the solar cell film is formed by coating. The membrane processing step is a process of forming multiple strings as the power generation unit, and The method includes a step of forming a plurality of solar cell layers by laser processing of the solar cell film, wherein the plurality of solar cell layers are respectively formed into one of the plurality of strings.

20. The method for manufacturing a power generation module according to claim 17 or 18, wherein, The multiple strings are each a string of solar cell elements connected in series. In planar view, the plurality of strings of the first submodule and the second submodule extend parallel to each other from one end of the substrate to the other end.

21. The method for manufacturing a power generation module according to claim 17 or 18, wherein, The plurality of submodules also include a third submodule. The first submodule and the second submodule are adjacent in the second direction when viewed from a plane. The third submodule is configured in the second direction on the side of the second submodule opposite to the first submodule. In the first submodule, the second submodule, and the third submodule, the ratio of the area of ​​the solar cell film removed during the film processing step to the area of ​​the main surface is different for each of them.

22. The method for manufacturing a power generation module according to claim 17 or 18, wherein, The plurality of submodules also includes a fourth submodule. The first submodule and the second submodule are adjacent in the second direction when viewed from a plane. The fourth submodule is configured adjacent to the first submodule in a third direction intersecting the second direction in planar view. In the first submodule and the fourth submodule, the ratio of the area of ​​the solar cell film removed during the film processing step to the area of ​​the main surface is the same.

23. The method for manufacturing a power generation module according to claim 22, wherein, In a planar view, the plurality of strings of the first submodule and the corresponding string of the plurality of strings of the fourth submodule are arranged in a straight line in the third direction.

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