Cap dismounting mechanism for electrode stem cap replacement

Abstract

The invention discloses a cap dismounting mechanism for replacing a cap of an electrode stem, and relates to the technical field of electrode cap dismounting, the cap dismounting mechanism comprises an assembly base and a protective cover body, two surfaces of the protective cover body are respectively provided with dismounting ports for placing the electrode stem, and a transmission mechanism and a cap dismounting mechanism for dismounting the electrode cap are also arranged on the assembly base and located in the protective cover body; the assembling base is further provided with a gas-driven air cylinder used for driving the transmission mechanism and the cap disassembling mechanism to slide in a limited mode, the assembling base is further provided with a cap guiding mechanism used for positioning an electrode cap, and the cap guiding mechanism is located on the side, away from the gas-driven air cylinder, of the assembling base and corresponds to the cap disassembling mechanism. The guide inclined rails of the transmission mechanism are matched with the guide inclined grooves of the cap disassembling movable blocks to achieve power direction conversion, the two cap disassembling movable blocks are driven to vertically and reversely slide to drive the cap disassembling movable cutters to clamp an electrode cap, then cap disassembling is completed through axial pulling and disassembling, no rotating action exists in the whole process, and the situation that the conical surface of an electrode stem is strained by a traditional rotating cap disassembling mode is effectively avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electrode cap removal technology, and more specifically to a cap removal mechanism for changing electrode rod caps. Background Technology

[0002] In resistance spot welding, the electrode cap is one of the core consumables. It is fitted onto the end of the electrode rod and its main function is to conduct current and transmit welding pressure, directly contacting the workpiece to be welded to complete the spot welding operation.

[0003] As the number of welding cycles increases, the electrode cap will suffer from problems such as high-temperature wear, deformation, and oxidation, leading to a decline in welding quality. Therefore, the electrode cap needs to be replaced regularly to ensure the stability of the welding process and the welding quality of the workpiece. In addition, the connection between the electrode cap and the electrode rod is usually achieved by an interference fit with a conical surface. The conical surface guides and locks the two to ensure that they are reliably fixed and that there is no relative displacement during the welding process.

[0004] The core method of the cap removal mechanism in existing electrode rod cap replacement equipment is to rotate around the electrode rod axis. Due to the fact that local oxidation and adhesion are prone to occur after long-term welding, a large relative sliding friction force is generated between the electrode cap and the electrode rod conical surface when the clamping component drives the electrode cap to rotate during the rotational disassembly process. This friction force will form circumferential scratches and scratches on the electrode rod conical surface, and may even cause cooling water leakage during the electrode rod welding process. In addition, due to the large interference fit clearance between the electrode cap and the electrode rod conical surface, the clamps are prone to over-clamping during disassembly, which can damage the electrode rod. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention is proposed.

[0006] Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to provide a cap removal mechanism for changing electrode rod caps. The problem to be solved is that the existing cap removal mechanism for changing electrode rod caps achieves cap removal by rotating around the electrode rod axis. In this way, the sliding friction caused by the oxidation adhesion between the electrode cap and the electrode rod cone surface can easily damage the electrode rod cone surface and cause cooling water leakage. In addition, the interference fit structure between the two can also cause the gripper to over-grip during disassembly, resulting in damage to the electrode rod.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a cap removal mechanism for changing electrode caps, comprising an assembly base and a protective cover. The protective cover has disassembly openings on both sides for placing the electrode rod. The assembly base, located within the protective cover, is also provided with a transmission mechanism and a cap removal mechanism for removing the electrode cap. The assembly base is also provided with a pneumatic cylinder for driving the transmission mechanism and the cap removal mechanism to limit sliding. The assembly base is also provided with a cap guide mechanism for positioning the electrode cap. The cap guide mechanism is located on the side of the assembly base away from the pneumatic cylinder and corresponds to the cap removal mechanism. The cap removal mechanism includes cap removal moving blocks corresponding to the removal port. Each cap removal moving block is fixedly equipped with a cap removal moving knife for removing the electrode cap. Inclined guide grooves are opened on both sides of the cap removal moving block. The guide grooves on the same cap removal moving block have the same inclination direction, while the guide grooves on two sets of cap removal moving blocks have opposite inclination directions. The cap removal moving block is also provided with a synchronization groove for sliding along the axial direction of the removal port. The two sets of cap removal moving blocks are symmetrically arranged in the horizontal direction.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the electrode rod cap replacement mechanism of the present invention, the pneumatic cylinder is fixedly mounted on the assembly base by a cylinder seat, and the pneumatic cylinder is also provided with an electric valve interface distributed along its axial direction. The electric valve interface is connected to the air supply circuit and the electromagnetic control valve through the electric valve interface. The cylinder seat of the pneumatic cylinder is also provided with symmetrically distributed return springs. The two ends of the return springs are respectively connected to the cylinder seat of the pneumatic cylinder and the cap removal moving block. The cap removal moving block is also provided with corresponding pull-back blocks.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the electrode rod cap-removing mechanism of the present invention, the transmission mechanism includes a synchronous slider that is slidably connected in the protective cover and located above the assembly base. The synchronous slider is fixedly connected to one end of the piston rod of the pneumatic cylinder that passes through the cylinder seat. The synchronous slider is also fixedly mounted with a middle slider, a left slider, and a right slider for driving the cap-removing moving block.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the electrode rod cap-changing and cap-removing mechanism of the present invention, the intermediate slider is located between the left slider and the right slider, and the left slider and the right slider are respectively fixedly installed at both ends of the synchronous slider. The intermediate slider, the left slider and the right slider are also provided with guide slide rods distributed parallel to the piston rod of the pneumatic cylinder. The intermediate slider, the left slider and the right slider are respectively provided with guide rails adapted to the guide groove and abutment limiting grooves corresponding to the synchronous groove.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the electrode rod cap-removing mechanism of the present invention, wherein: a crossbar corresponding to the synchronization groove is provided between the middle slider and the left slider and between the middle slider and the right slider, and the cap-removing moving block is engaged with the corresponding crossbar through the synchronization groove, and the two ends of the crossbar in the synchronization groove are respectively abutted and connected to the corresponding abutting limiting groove.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the electrode rod cap-removing mechanism of the present invention, the abutment limiting grooves on both sides of the middle slider are inclined in opposite directions, and the abutment limiting grooves on the left and right sliders are inclined in the same direction as the abutment limiting groove on the side facing the middle slider.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the electrode rod cap replacement mechanism of the present invention, the cap guide mechanism includes a front base fixedly installed on the assembly base, a cap removal stationary block corresponding to the cap removal moving block is fixedly installed on one end of the front base near the pneumatic cylinder, and a cap removal stationary knife adapted to the cap removal moving knife is also detachably installed on the front base by screws.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the electrode rod cap-changing and cap-removing mechanism of the present invention, a guide cap ring driven by a guide cap spring is provided between the cap-removing stationary block and the cap-removing moving knife. The guide cap ring has a cap ring protrusion corresponding to the sliding groove in the cap-removing stationary block, and the two ends of the guide cap spring are respectively connected to the cap ring protrusion and the interior of the front base.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the electrode rod cap replacement mechanism of the present invention, wherein: the end of the guide cap ring facing the cap removal stationary knife is provided with an arc-shaped slot for restricting the movement of the electrode cap, and the opening direction of the arc-shaped slot is set towards the side of the cap removal moving knife.

[0016] In summary, the present invention has at least one of the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention achieves power direction conversion by cooperating the guide rail of the transmission mechanism with the guide groove of the cap removal moving block, driving two sets of cap removal moving blocks to slide vertically in opposite directions, causing the cap removal moving knife to clamp the electrode cap, and then completing the cap removal by axial unloading. There is no rotational movement throughout the process, which effectively avoids the damage to the electrode rod cone surface caused by the traditional rotation cap removal method.

[0017] 2. This invention, by setting replaceable moving and stationary blades for removing electrode caps, adapts to the disassembly requirements of electrode caps of different sizes. At the same time, by using a guide ring made of non-copper and non-steel flexible metal material in conjunction with a guide spring to form an elastic pre-clamping, it further avoids impact damage to the electrode cap and electrode rod caused by rigid contact.

[0018] 3. This invention enables flexible installation in either a flat or vertical position via the bolt holes of the mounting base. Combined with the dual-station disassembly port design on both sides of the protective cover, the electrode cap can be automatically dropped by gravity in the flat position and can be removed by the next electrode rod squeeze in the vertical position, thus realizing the dual-station automatic cap removal function and effectively improving work efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional perspective view of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a structural diagram showing the installation of the pneumatic cylinder and guide cap mechanism of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a structural diagram showing the assembly of the pneumatic cylinder and transmission mechanism of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the transmission mechanism and the cap removal mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the guide cap mechanism of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the installation of the intermediate slider and guide slide rod of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of the cap-removing moving block of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a structural diagram of the guide cap ring of the present invention; Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram of part A; Figure 11 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram of part B.

[0021] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Assembly base; 2. Protective cover; 21. Disassembly port; 3. Pneumatic cylinder; 31. Electric valve interface; 4. Transmission mechanism; 41. Synchronous slider; 42. Middle slider; 43. Left slider; 44. Right slider; 45. Guide slide rod; 46. Guide inclined rail; 47. Abutment limit groove; 5. Cap removal mechanism; 51. Cap removal moving block; 511. Guide inclined groove; 512. Synchronous groove; 52. Cap removal moving knife; 53. Return spring; 54. Pull-back block; 6. Cap guide mechanism; 61. Front base; 611. Cap removal stationary block; 62. Cap removal stationary knife; 63. Cap guide ring; 631. Cap ring protrusion; 632. Arc-shaped bayonet; 64. Cap guide spring. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] This invention discloses a cap-removing mechanism for changing the cap of an electrode rod. Example

[0024] Reference Figure 1-11This invention provides a cap removal mechanism for changing electrode caps, comprising an assembly base 1 and a protective cover 2. The protective cover 2 has two openings 21 on its sides for placing the electrode rod. The assembly base 1, located within the protective cover 2, also includes a transmission mechanism 4 and a cap removal mechanism 5 for removing the electrode cap. The assembly base 1 also has a pneumatic cylinder 3 for driving the transmission mechanism 4 and the cap removal mechanism 5 to limit their sliding. Furthermore, the assembly base 1 has a cap guide mechanism 6 for positioning the electrode cap. The cap guide mechanism 6 is located on the side of the assembly base 1 away from the pneumatic cylinder 3 and corresponds to the cap removal mechanism 5. The cap removal mechanism 5 includes a cap removal moving block 51 corresponding to the opening 21. The cap removal moving block 51 is divided into... A cap-removing moving knife 52 for removing electrode caps is fixedly installed. Inclined guide grooves 511 are respectively opened on both sides of the cap-removing moving block 51. The guide grooves 511 on the same cap-removing moving block 51 have the same inclination direction, while the guide grooves 511 on two sets of cap-removing moving blocks 51 have opposite inclination directions. A synchronous groove 512 is also opened on the cap-removing moving block 51 for sliding along the axial direction of the disassembly port 21. The two sets of cap-removing moving blocks 51 are symmetrically arranged in the horizontal direction and slide synchronously in the horizontal direction under the action of driving force. The sliding directions of the two sets of cap-removing moving blocks 51 in the vertical direction are always opposite. The mounting base 1 serves as the mounting foundation for the entire mechanism. The device can be placed flat or vertically through the bolt holes, allowing the two sets of disassembly ports 21 to be simultaneously... The disassembly of the motor cap is performed. The protective cover 2 protects the internal structure of the device and reduces the impact of the external environment on the operation of the device. The disassembly port 21 is the insertion channel for the electrode rod, and its diameter is adapted to the outer diameter of the electrode rod to ensure that the electrode rod is coaxially positioned after insertion. The pneumatic cylinder 3 is the power source of the entire mechanism. Its output axial driving force can be synchronously transmitted to the transmission mechanism 4 and the cap removal mechanism 5 to realize the linkage and sliding of the two. The cap guide mechanism 6 and the cap removal mechanism 5 cooperate with each other to complete the pre-positioning and centering clamping of the electrode cap during the cap removal operation, so as to prevent the electrode cap from shifting during the disassembly process. The cap removal moving knife 52 is installed on the cap removal moving block 51 by screws, and the model can be replaced according to different sizes of electrode caps. The clamping end face of 2 is adapted to the outer wall of the electrode cap, which can achieve stable clamping of the electrode cap. The guide groove 511 is the core guide structure of the cap removal moving block 51. Its tilt angle is a fixed value. Through the tilting guide effect of the guide groove 511, the horizontal driving force can be converted into the vertical component force, thereby realizing the vertical reverse sliding of the two sets of cap removal moving blocks 51, thus replacing the traditional rotary cap removal, and pulling the motor cap off the electrode rod along the axis. The synchronous groove 512 is a long strip through groove. Its extension direction is perpendicular to the disassembly port 21, which can ensure that the two sets of cap removal moving blocks 51 can slide synchronously in a straight line along the horizontal direction under the action of driving force, preventing the cap removal moving block 51 from shifting position during the movement, and further reducing damage to the electrode rod.

[0025] The pneumatic cylinder 3 is fixedly mounted on the assembly base 1 via a cylinder seat. The pneumatic cylinder 3 also has an axially distributed solenoid valve interface 31, which is connected to the air supply circuit and a solenoid control valve. The cylinder seat of the pneumatic cylinder 3 also has symmetrically distributed return springs 53, with both ends of the return springs 53 abutting against the cylinder seat and the cap-removing moving block 51, respectively. The cap-removing moving block 51 also has corresponding pull-back blocks 54. The cylinder seat and the assembly base 1 are fastened together with bolts. The solenoid valve interface 31 controls the air supply to the pneumatic cylinder 3. The interface is sealed to the external air supply circuit and the pipeline of the solenoid control valve. Through the on / off control of the solenoid control valve, the air supply circuit can be switched on / off and reversed, thereby precisely controlling the extension and retraction of the piston rod of the pneumatic cylinder 3. This achieves automated switching between cap removal and reset. The reset spring 53 is a compression spring, symmetrically arranged along the horizontal sliding direction of the cap removal moving block 51. The reset spring 53 is in a normal elastic contact state. When the driving force of the pneumatic cylinder 3 disappears, the reset spring 53 can push the cap removal moving block 51 along the synchronous groove 512 using its own elastic rebound force. The slide block 51 automatically resets to its initial position, preparing for the next cap removal operation. The pull-back block 54 slides against the corresponding cap removal block 51, ensuring synchronous movement of the two sets of cap removal blocks 51 during horizontal movement. This sliding contact does not interfere with the different cap removal directions of the two sets of blocks. When the piston rod of the pneumatic cylinder 3 extends continuously, causing the jaws of the cap removal blocks 51 to abut against the jaws of the cap removal stationary block 611, the two sets of blocks 51 instantly change direction, transitioning from synchronous horizontal movement to opposite axial movement along the electrode rod. When the electrode cap is removed, the piston rod of the air cylinder 3 retracts, the return spring 53 is compressed, and then guided by the guide groove, it returns to the horizontal movement state. Then, through the corresponding pull-back block 54, the two sets of cap removal moving blocks 51 and the sliders connected to the synchronous slider 41 are forcibly pulled back. During the pull-back process, the two sets of pull-back blocks 54 pull back along the reset trajectory of the corresponding cap moving block 51. The movement trajectories of the two sets of pull-back blocks 54 are not connected to each other, that is, one goes up and the other goes down, so that the jaw of the cap removal moving block 51 separates from the jaw of the cap removal stationary block 611, thus completing the cap removal action.

[0026] The transmission mechanism 4 includes a synchronous slider 41 that is slidably connected in the protective cover 2 and located above the mounting base 1. The synchronous slider 41 is fixedly connected to one end of the piston rod of the pneumatic cylinder 3 that passes through the cylinder seat. The synchronous slider 41 is also fixedly mounted with a middle slider 42, a left slider 43, and a right slider 44 for driving the cap removal moving blocks 51. The synchronous slider 41 serves as the mounting carrier for the middle slider 42, the left slider 43, and the right slider 44, ensuring that the middle slider 42, the left slider 43, and the right slider 44 slide linearly along the axial direction of the pneumatic cylinder 3 when moving horizontally, without any radial swing. The middle slider 42 is located at the center of the left slider 43 and the right slider 44. The distance between the left slider 43 and the right slider 44 is adapted to the distance between the two sets of cap removal moving blocks 51, so as to realize the synchronous driving of the two sets of cap removal moving blocks 51.

[0027] The middle slider 42 is located between the left slider 43 and the right slider 44, and the left slider 43 and the right slider 44 are respectively fixedly installed at both ends of the synchronous slider 41. The middle slider 42, the left slider 43, and the right slider 44 are also provided with guide slide rods 45 that are parallel to the piston rod of the pneumatic cylinder 3. The middle slider 42, the left slider 43, and the right slider 44 are respectively provided with guide rails 46 that are adapted to the guide groove 511 and abutment limiting grooves 47 that correspond to the synchronous groove 512. The guide rail 46 is a raised strip-shaped slide rail, and its inclination angle and inclination length are adapted to the inclination angle and groove length of the corresponding guide groove 511. The guide rail 46 can be embedded into the corresponding guide groove 511 to form a sliding fit, and through the guide rail 46 and The sliding engagement of the guide groove 511 can accurately transmit the horizontal driving force of the synchronous slider 41 to the cap removal moving block 51, completing the force direction conversion. The abutment limiting groove 47 is a concave triangular groove, and its opening direction is consistent with the vertical sliding direction of the cap removal moving block 51 and is located at the two ends of the corresponding slider. When the horizontal bar reaches the maximum vertical movement distance, it drives the two sets of cap removal moving blocks 51 slidably connected by the same horizontal bar to slide synchronously in the horizontal direction. The positions of the abutment limiting groove 47 and the synchronous groove 512 are vertically corresponding, and the two together form a two-way limiting structure for the cap removal moving block 51, which can further constrain the movement trajectory of the cap removal moving block 51 and ensure that the cap removal moving block 51 only performs a composite sliding in the horizontal direction along the axis of the guide slider 45 and the vertical direction along the axis of the disassembly port 21.

[0028] A crossbar corresponding to the synchronization groove 512 is provided between the middle slider 42 and the left slider 43, as well as between the middle slider 42 and the right slider 44. The cap removal moving block 51 is engaged with the corresponding crossbar through the synchronization groove 512. The two ends of the crossbar in the synchronization groove 512 are respectively engaged with the corresponding abutment limiting groove 47. The cap removal moving block 51 is engaged on the outer wall of the crossbar through the synchronization groove 512 to form a sliding engagement. The crossbar can drive the two sets of cap removal moving blocks 51 to slide synchronously in the horizontal direction through the synchronization groove 512. When the synchronization slider 41 drives the left slider 43, the right slider 44, and the middle slider 42 to slide horizontally, the crossbar in the abutment limiting groove 47 slides vertically in the longitudinal groove of the abutment limiting groove 47. Due to the different inclination angles of its guide inclined groove 511, the two sets of cap removal moving blocks 51 are driven to complete the reverse vertical sliding. After moving to the maximum value in the vertical direction, the crossbar drives the cap removal moving block 51 to slide horizontally synchronously.

[0029] The abutment limiting grooves 47 on both sides of the middle slider 42 are inclined in opposite directions. The abutment limiting grooves 47 on the left slider 43 and the right slider 44 are inclined in the same direction as the abutment limiting grooves 47 on the side facing the middle slider 42. The abutment limiting groove 47 on the side facing the middle slider 42 of the left slider 43 is inclined in the same direction as the abutment limiting groove 47 on the left side of the middle slider 42. The abutment limiting groove 47 on the side facing the middle slider 42 of the right slider 44 is inclined in the same direction as the abutment limiting groove 47 on the right side of the middle slider 42. This inclination setting allows the left slider 43 and the right slider 44 to abut and connect with the abutment limiting grooves 47 on the middle slider 42 when the synchronous slider 41 slides horizontally. By applying a synchronous driving force to the cap removal moving block 51 through the crossbar, the two sets of cap removal moving blocks 51 are driven to slide in opposite directions in the vertical direction.

[0030] The guide cap mechanism 6 includes a front base 61 fixedly mounted on the assembly base 1. A cap removal stationary block 611, corresponding to the cap removal moving block 51, is fixedly mounted on one end of the front base 61 near the pneumatic cylinder 3. A cap removal stationary blade 62, compatible with the cap removal moving blade 52, is also detachably mounted on the front base 61 via screws. The front base 61 is bolted to the end of the assembly base 1, and its installation position is fixed and non-adjustable to ensure the coaxial alignment accuracy of the guide cap mechanism 6 and the cap removal mechanism 5. The central through hole of the cap removal stationary block 611 is coaxially aligned with the disassembly port 21, and its diameter is aligned with the outer diameter of the electrode rod. With diameter matching, the electrode rod can be centered and guided. The cap removal stationary block 611 and the cap removal moving block 51 are arranged in a front-to-back correspondence. The cap removal stationary knife 62 and the cap removal moving knife 52 are the same and can be disassembled and installed on the cap removal stationary block 611 by screws. The model can be replaced according to different sizes of electrode caps. The cap removal stationary knife 62 and the cap removal moving knife 52 are mutually cooperating clamping structures. The cap removal stationary knife 62 is the fixed clamping end, and the cap removal moving knife 52 is the movable clamping end. The clamping end faces of the two together form a clamping cavity that is adapted to the outer wall of the electrode cap, which can realize stable clamping and shearing disassembly of the electrode cap.

[0031] Between the cap removal stationary block 611 and the cap removal moving blade 52, there is a guide cap ring 63 driven by a guide cap spring 64. The guide cap ring 63 has a cap ring protrusion 631 corresponding to the sliding groove in the cap removal stationary block 611, and the two ends of the guide cap spring 64 are respectively connected to the cap ring protrusion 631 and the interior of the front base 61. The guide cap ring 63 is a ring-shaped centering structure, which can pre-clamp and center the electrode cap before the cap removal operation to prevent the electrode cap from radially shifting during the removal process. It is made of a metal material with certain flexibility, which is lower in cost than traditional copper and steel materials. Moreover, the direct contact structure with the electrode cap can further reduce the impact on the electrode rod through the material properties. When the electrode cap is struck, the outer protrusion 631 of the cap ring can slide axially back and forth along the slide groove, thereby driving the guide cap ring 63 to perform synchronous axial extension and retraction. The limiting effect of the slide groove can prevent the guide cap ring 63 from rotating during the movement. The elastic thrust of the guide cap spring 64 can push the guide cap ring 63 to extend towards the side of the cap removal moving knife 52. When the electrode cap is inserted into the inner ring of the guide cap ring 63, the guide cap ring 63 can rely on the elastic force of the guide cap spring 64 to cooperate with the corresponding rigidly clamping cap removal moving knife 52 to elastically clamp the electrode cap, further avoiding damage to the outer wall of the electrode cap caused by rigid clamping. When the cap removal operation is completed, as it separates from the cap removal moving knife 52, the guide cap spring 64 can push the guide cap ring 63 back to the initial position.

[0032] The guide cap ring 63 has an arc-shaped latch 632 at the end facing the cap removal stationary knife 62 to restrict the movement of the electrode cap. The opening direction of the arc-shaped latch 632 is set towards the side of the cap removal moving knife 52. The arc-shaped latch 632 is an arc-shaped groove structure at the end of the guide cap ring 63. The depth of the arc-shaped latch 632 can ensure that the outer wall of the electrode cap is embedded in the arc-shaped latch 632 to form a locking limit, effectively restricting the circumferential rotation and radial shaking of the electrode cap during the disassembly process. When the cap removal moving knife 52 clamps towards the cap removal stationary knife 62, it can form a closed clamping structure with the arc-shaped latch 632, further improving the clamping stability of the electrode cap and ensuring that the electrode cap only makes axial disengagement movement during the disassembly process without any rotation.

[0033] When using this device to disassemble the electrode cap on the motor rod, first determine the installation method of the device according to the processing requirements. Fix the device in a flat or vertical position through the bolt holes opened in the mounting base 1. When operating vertically, the disassembly ports 21 on both sides of the protective cover 2 are in a working position that can be operated simultaneously. However, at this time, the electrode cap cannot be automatically dropped by gravity. It needs to be squeezed off by the next electrode rod disassembly. During operation, the electrode rod to be disassembled is inserted into the disassembly port 21 on either side. The electrode rod passes through the inside of the protective cover 2 and between the two sets of disassembly moving blocks 51 in sequence, and finally extends into the central through hole of the disassembly stationary block 611 of the guide cap mechanism 6. According to different electrode caps, different models of disassembly stationary blades 62 and disassembly moving blades 52 are selected and installed on the corresponding disassembly stationary block 611 and disassembly moving block 51 with screws so that the electrode cap at the end of the electrode rod is exactly in the area enclosed by the disassembly moving blade 52 and the disassembly stationary blade 62. The positioning requirements before disassembling the electrode cap are met by using different sizes of electrode caps. After the electrode cap on the electrode rod passes through the disassembly port 21 and enters the preset area, the electrode cap is first pre-positioned by the guide cap mechanism 6. Under the elastic thrust of the guide cap spring 64, the guide cap ring 63 extends towards the disassembly knife 52. The outer wall of the electrode cap is embedded in the arc-shaped slot 632 of the guide cap ring 63 facing the disassembly knife 62, forming a circumferential locking limit, which effectively restricts the circumferential rotation and radial sway of the electrode cap. At the same time, the guide cap ring 63 slides with the groove of the disassembly block 611 through the outer protrusion 631 of the cap ring. The groove constrains the guide cap ring 63 to only perform axial extension and retraction, avoiding its own rotation. In addition, the guide cap ring 63 is made of flexible metal material that is neither copper nor steel. With the elastic force of the guide cap spring 64, it forms an elastic pre-clamping, which reduces the replacement cost and further avoids impact damage to the electrode cap and electrode rod caused by rigid contact. After pre-positioning, the air supply circuit is controlled by an electromagnetic control valve. High-pressure gas enters the cylinder through the solenoid valve interface 31 of the pneumatic cylinder 3, driving the piston rod of the pneumatic cylinder 3 to extend. The axial thrust of the piston rod is directly transmitted to the synchronous slider 41, which synchronously drives the middle slider 42, left slider 43, and right slider 44 on the synchronous slider 41 to slide in a direction parallel to the piston rod of the pneumatic cylinder 3 along the axial direction of the guide slide rod 45. Since its guide rail 46 is embedded in the guide groove 511 of the corresponding cap-removing moving block 51, a sliding fit is formed. The cap-removing moving block 51 can achieve synchronous horizontal movement through the corresponding pull-back block 54. The guide grooves 511 on 1 have the same inclination direction, the guide grooves 511 on the two sets of cap removal moving blocks 51 have opposite inclination directions, and the abutment limiting grooves 47 on both sides of the middle slider 42 have opposite inclination directions. The abutment limiting grooves 47 on the left slider 43 and the right slider 44 have the same inclination direction as the abutment limiting grooves 47 on the same side of the middle slider 42. Therefore, the horizontal driving force, through the cooperation of the guide rail 46 and the guide grooves 511, ultimately drives the two sets of cap removal moving blocks 51 to slide in opposite directions in the vertical direction, causing the cap removal moving blades 52 on the cap removal moving blocks 51 to move closer to each other, forming a closed clamping cavity with the cap removal stationary blade 62 of the cap removal mechanism 6, and stably clamping the electrode cap. During the clamping process of the electrode cap, the decapping moving blade 52 slides on the corresponding guide rail 46 due to the guidance of its guide groove 511. This allows the decapping moving blade 52, moving axially along the electrode rod, to cooperate with the stationary decapping stationary blade 62, thus pulling the electrode cap outward along the electrode rod axially. No rotational movement occurs during this process. When the two sets of decapping moving blocks 51 slide to their maximum vertical stroke, the electromagnetic control valve switches the air path, the piston rod of the pneumatic cylinder 3 retracts, and the synchronous slider 41 drives each slider to slide horizontally. At this time, the pull-back block 54 pulls back along the reset trajectory of the corresponding decapping moving block 51, with opposite directions of movement, causing the two sets of... The cap removal moving block 51 slides in the opposite direction in the vertical direction. The return spring 53 is gradually compressed as the cap removal moving block 51 slides. Under the synchronous series of the crossbar in the synchronous groove 512 and the synergistic effect of the sliding pull-back block 54, the two sets of cap removal moving blocks 51 continue to abut against the abutment limit groove 47. Subsequently, they only follow the corresponding left slider 43, middle slider 42 and right slider 44 to slide synchronously in the horizontal direction and separate from the cap removal stationary knife 62. Therefore, there is no need to rotate the electrode cap during this process, which can effectively avoid damage to the conical surface of the electrode rod caused by the removal of the electrode cap. Moreover, this process lasts for a short time and is instantaneous. As the cap removal moving blade 52 and the cap removal stationary blade 62 separate, the guide cap ring 63, under the elastic action of the guide cap spring 64, returns to its initial position as the cap removal moving blade 52 separates. The arc-shaped bayonet 632 releases the restriction on the residual electrode cap. If the device is in a flat position at this time, the electrode cap can automatically fall off by gravity after losing its restriction. If the device is in a vertical position at this time, the electrode cap after losing its restriction can also be squeezed off by the entry of the next electrode rod, realizing the dual-station automatic cap removal function and improving work efficiency.

[0034] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cap-removing mechanism for changing electrode rod caps, characterized in that: The assembly includes an assembly base (1) and a protective cover (2). The protective cover (2) has disassembly openings (21) on both sides for placing electrode rods. The assembly base (1) and the protective cover (2) are also provided with a transmission mechanism (4) and a cap removal mechanism (5) for removing electrode caps. The assembly base (1) is also provided with a pneumatic cylinder (3) for limiting the sliding of the transmission mechanism (4) and the cap removal mechanism (5). The assembly base (1) is also provided with a cap guide mechanism (6) for positioning electrode caps. The cap guide mechanism (6) is located on the side of the assembly base (1) away from the pneumatic cylinder (3) and corresponds to the cap removal mechanism (5). The cap removal mechanism (5) includes a cap removal moving block (51) corresponding to the disassembly port (21). A cap removal moving knife (52) for removing the electrode cap is fixedly installed on the cap removal moving block (51). Inclined guide grooves (511) are opened on both sides of the cap removal moving block (51). The guide grooves (511) on the same cap removal moving block (51) have the same inclination direction. The guide grooves (511) on the two sets of cap removal moving blocks (51) have opposite inclination directions. A synchronous groove (512) for the cap removal moving block (51) to slide along the axial direction of the disassembly port (21) is also opened on the cap removal moving block (51). The two sets of cap removal moving blocks (51) are symmetrically arranged in the horizontal direction.

2. The electrode rod cap-changing and cap-removing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pneumatic cylinder (3) is fixedly mounted on the mounting base (1) via a cylinder seat, and the pneumatic cylinder (3) is also provided with an electric valve interface (31) distributed along its axial direction. The electric valve interface (31) is connected to the air supply circuit and the solenoid control valve. The cylinder seat of the pneumatic cylinder (3) is also provided with symmetrically distributed return springs (53). The two ends of the return springs (53) are respectively connected to the cylinder seat of the pneumatic cylinder (3) and the cap removal moving block (51). The cap removal moving block (51) is also provided with corresponding pull-back blocks (54).

3. The electrode rod cap-changing and cap-removing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmission mechanism (4) includes a synchronous slider (41) that is slidably connected in the protective cover (2) and located above the mounting base (1). The synchronous slider (41) is fixedly connected to one end of the piston rod of the pneumatic cylinder (3) that passes through the cylinder seat. The synchronous slider (41) is also fixedly mounted with an intermediate slider (42), a left slider (43), and a right slider (44) for driving the cap removal block (51).

4. The electrode rod cap-removing mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that, The middle slider (42) is located between the left slider (43) and the right slider (44), and the left slider (43) and the right slider (44) are respectively fixedly installed at both ends of the synchronous slider (41). The middle slider (42), the left slider (43) and the right slider (44) are also provided with guide slide rods (45) that are parallel to the piston rod of the pneumatic cylinder (3). The middle slider (42), the left slider (43) and the right slider (44) are respectively provided with guide rails (46) that are adapted to the guide groove (511) and abutment limiting grooves (47) that correspond to the synchronous groove (512).

5. The electrode rod cap-changing and cap-removing mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that, The middle slider (42) and the left slider (43), as well as the middle slider (42) and the right slider (44), are all provided with crossbars corresponding to the synchronization groove (512), and the cap removal moving block (51) is engaged with the corresponding crossbar through the synchronization groove (512). The two ends of the crossbar in the synchronization groove (512) are respectively engaged with the corresponding abutment limiting groove (47).

6. The electrode rod cap-changing and cap-removing mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that, The abutment limiting grooves (47) on both sides of the middle slider (42) are inclined in opposite directions, and the abutment limiting grooves (47) on the left slider (43) and the right slider (44) are inclined in the same direction as the abutment limiting grooves (47) on the side facing the middle slider (42).

7. The electrode rod cap-removing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guide cap mechanism (6) includes a front base (61) fixedly installed on the assembly base (1). A cap removal stationary block (611) corresponding to the cap removal moving block (51) is fixedly installed on one end of the front base (61) near the air-driven cylinder (3). A cap removal stationary knife (62) adapted to the cap removal moving knife (52) is also installed on the front base (61) by screws.

8. The electrode rod cap-removing mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that, A guide cap ring (63) driven by a guide cap spring (64) is provided between the cap removal stationary block (611) and the cap removal moving knife (52). The guide cap ring (63) has a cap ring protrusion (631) corresponding to the sliding groove in the cap removal stationary block (611), and the two ends of the guide cap spring (64) are respectively connected to the cap ring protrusion (631) and the interior of the front base (61).

9. The electrode rod cap-removing mechanism according to claim 8, characterized in that, The guide cap ring (63) has an arc-shaped slot (632) for restricting the movement of the electrode cap at one end facing the cap removal stationary knife (62), and the opening direction of the arc-shaped slot (632) is set towards the side of the cap removal moving knife (52).

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