Measurement method of available sample volume, sample analyzer and storage medium

Abstract

The invention discloses an available sample volume measuring method, a sample analyzer and a storage medium. According to the method for measuring the volume of the available sample, a detection mechanism is controlled to obtain a first detection signal that a sampling mechanism starts to contact with the sample in the sampling process, a first time point is determined based on the first detection signal, and the detection mechanism is controlled to detect a second detection signal that the sampling mechanism has suction abnormity; the second time point is determined based on the second detection signal, so that the first volume of the actually available sample in the target sample container sucked by the sampling mechanism is directly determined according to the first time point to the second time point, and the situation that the available sample volume in the target sample container is firstly subjected to image acquisition and analysis is completely avoided; the method solves the problems of long sampling time, tedious steps, low efficiency and the like caused by the fact that the sample is sucked again, avoids the problems of cost increase and the like caused by arrangement of an image acquisition module, and further realizes rapid and accurate measurement of the volume of the actually available sample in the target sample container.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of medical device technology, and in particular to a method for measuring usable sample volume, a sample analyzer, and a storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of medical device technology, sample containers are a general term for containers that hold samples. Because there are many types of sample containers with varying specifications, and because it is often necessary to determine the volume of the sample contained in the container before analysis and testing, to avoid the sample volume being insufficient for the corresponding test. In existing technologies, the determination of the sample volume in a sample container is usually achieved through image acquisition combined with the container's containment parameters. This method is inefficient, affecting sampling efficiency and thus impacting medical professionals' judgment of the actual usable sample volume in the target sample container. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The main objective of this application is to provide a method for measuring the usable sample volume, a sample analyzer, and a storage medium to solve the problem of low efficiency in measuring the actual usable sample volume contained in a target sample container in the prior art.

[0004] In a first aspect, this application provides a method for measuring the volume of a usable sample, applied to a sample analyzer. The sample analyzer includes a sampling mechanism and a detection mechanism. The sampling mechanism is used to aspirate a sample from a target sample container located at a sampling position. The detection mechanism is used to acquire a first detection signal indicating that the sampling mechanism begins to contact the sample during the sampling process and a second detection signal indicating that an aspiration abnormality occurs. The measurement method includes: The sampling mechanism is controlled to move vertically downward toward the target sample container from the starting position, wherein the starting position is located above the sampling position; When the detection mechanism acquires the first detection signal, it determines a first time point based on the first detection signal; the sampling mechanism continues to move downward in the vertical direction from the first time point and begins to absorb the sample contained in the target sample container. When the detection mechanism acquires the second detection signal, it determines a second time point based on the second detection signal; the sampling mechanism stops absorbing samples from the second time point. The first volume of available samples in the target sample container is determined based on the second time point and the first time point.

[0005] Furthermore, the sampling mechanism includes a sampling needle, and the detection mechanism includes a pressure detection device, which is used to detect the pressure value during the aspiration process of the sampling needle; The step of the detection mechanism acquiring the second detection signal includes: The pressure detection device acquires a first pressure value corresponding to the sampling needle when an aspiration abnormality occurs, and acquires a second pressure value corresponding to the sampling needle when it normally aspirates samples. The second detection signal is output based on the change of the second pressure value to the first pressure value.

[0006] Furthermore, the step of the detection mechanism acquiring the first detection signal includes: The sampling needle begins aspiration before contacting the sample; The pressure detection device acquires the third pressure value corresponding to the sampling needle when it draws in air; The first detection signal is output based on the change of the third pressure value to the second pressure value. Alternatively, the detection mechanism may further include a liquid level detection device, which is electrically connected to the sampling needle and is used to detect the capacitance value during the sampling needle aspiration process; The step of the detection mechanism acquiring the first detection signal includes: The liquid level detection device acquires the first capacitance value of the sampling needle when it is not in contact with the sample, and the second capacitance value when it is in contact with the sample. The first detection signal is output based on the change of the first capacitance value to the second capacitance value.

[0007] Further, the step of controlling the sampling mechanism to move vertically downwards towards the target sample container from the initial position includes: Obtain the containment parameters corresponding to the target sample container, wherein the containment parameters are the geometric feature parameters of the liquid-filled cavity inside the sample container of a specific type corresponding to the target sample container; Based on the starting position and the first time point, determine the first height at which the sampling mechanism contacts the sample; Based on the first height and the containment parameters, determine the second volume of the sample in the target sample container; The second volume is compared with the volume required for the project detection. If the second volume is less than or equal to the volume required for the project detection, the volume measurement of the sample contained in the target sample container ends. If the second volume is greater than the volume required for the project detection, the volume measurement of the sample contained in the target sample container continues.

[0008] Furthermore, the containment parameters also include the dead volume of the target sample container; The step of determining the second volume of the sample in the target sample container based on the first height and the containment parameters includes: Based on the first height and the containment parameters, determine the third volume of the sample in the target sample container; The second volume of the sample in the target sample container is determined based on the difference between the third volume and the dead volume.

[0009] Further, the step of obtaining the containment parameters corresponding to the target sample container includes: Obtain the type of the target sample container located at the sampling position; The containment parameters of the target sample container are determined from a pre-stored first parameter table based on the type of the target sample container.

[0010] Further, the step of ending the volume measurement of the sample contained in the target sample container when the second volume is less than or equal to the volume required for the project detection includes: Obtain the detection type of the detection item, where the detection type includes single detection and N-item joint detection, where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2; When the detection type is a single detection, the volume measurement of the sample contained in the target sample container ends. When the detection type is an N-item joint detection, it is determined whether the second volume meets the detection requirements of some of the N-item joint detection items. If the second volume is greater than the detection requirements of at least one of the N-item detection items, the volume measurement of the sample contained in the target sample container continues.

[0011] Furthermore, the sampling mechanism includes a stepper motor, a plunger pump, and a sampling needle. The plunger pump is connected to the sampling needle, and the stepper motor is used to drive the plunger pump to move to aspirate and expel samples. The step of determining the first volume of available samples in the target sample container based on the second time point and the first time point includes: The volume of a unit sample drawn up by the plunger pump in each step driven by the stepper motor is obtained. Obtain the number of steps M of the stepper motor from the first time point to the second time point; The first volume is determined based on the step number M and the unit sample volume.

[0012] Furthermore, after the step of determining the second time point based on the second detection signal, the measurement method further includes: Based on the second time point, the sample contained in the target sample container is determined to be a centrifuged sample with a separating gel; Obtain the detection type of the detection item, where the detection type includes single detection and N-item joint detection, where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2; When the detection type is a single detection, all the collected samples are returned to the target sample container to end the detection of the detection item; When the detection type is N-item joint detection, it is determined whether the first volume meets the detection volume required for some of the N-item joint detection items. If the first volume is greater than at least one of the N-item detection items, a portion of the sample in the target sample container is drawn, and the detection of some of the detection items is performed.

[0013] Furthermore, the sampling needle is equipped with a pipette tip, and the step of aspirating part of the sample from the target sample container and performing some detection items includes: All the collected sample is returned to the target sample container; The sample returned to the target sample container is centrifuged again. Replace the pipette tip and re-absorb the sample from the target sample container after centrifugation, and distribute it into at least one reaction container corresponding to the N joint test items. The volume of the re-absorbed sample is greater than or equal to the volume required for the partial test items, and less than the first volume.

[0014] Secondly, this application also provides a sample analyzer, the sample analyzer comprising: A conveying mechanism having a sampling position configured to place a target sample container; A reaction tray, located on one side of the conveying mechanism, is configured to carry a reaction container; A sampling mechanism is disposed between the conveying mechanism and the reaction plate and is configured to draw a sample from the target sample container located at the sampling position and distribute it into the reaction container; A detection mechanism, connected to the sampling mechanism, and configured to acquire a first detection signal indicating that the sampling mechanism begins to contact the sample during the sampling process, and a second detection signal indicating that an aspiration abnormality occurs; and The host computer is electrically connected to both the sampling mechanism and the detection mechanism. The host computer includes a processor and a memory storing a computer program. The processor is configured to execute the computer program to measure the usable sample volume in the target sample container. The measurement of the usable sample volume in the target sample container includes the following steps: The sampling mechanism is controlled to move vertically downward toward the target sample container from the starting position, wherein the starting position is located above the sampling position; When the detection mechanism acquires the first detection signal, it determines a first time point based on the first detection signal; the sampling mechanism continues to move downward in the vertical direction from the first time point and begins to absorb the sample contained in the target sample container. When the detection mechanism acquires the second detection signal, it determines a second time point based on the second detection signal; the sampling mechanism stops absorbing samples from the second time point. The first volume of available samples in the target sample container is determined based on the second time point and the first time point.

[0015] Furthermore, the sample analyzer also includes a centrifugation mechanism, which is located on the same side of the delivery mechanism and close to it, and is used to centrifuge the sample; and A sample container transfer mechanism is configured to transfer the target sample container, which has been centrifuged for the first time, between the conveying mechanism and the centrifugation mechanism, and to transfer the target sample container, which has been centrifuged again, between the sampling position and the centrifugation mechanism.

[0016] Thirdly, this application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the method for measuring the available sample volume as described in any of the preceding claims.

[0017] In the method for measuring the usable sample volume of this application, the sampling mechanism is controlled to move vertically downward toward the target sample container from the starting position above the sampling position, and the detection mechanism is controlled to acquire a first detection signal that the sampling mechanism begins to contact the sample in the target sample container during the sampling process. Based on the first detection signal, a first time point is determined. Then, the sampling mechanism is controlled to continue moving vertically downward from the first time point and simultaneously begin to absorb the sample contained in the target sample container until the detection mechanism detects a second detection signal that the sampling mechanism has a suction abnormality. Based on the second detection signal, a second time point is determined, and at the second time point, the sampling mechanism is controlled to stop absorbing the sample. Thus, the first volume of the actual usable sample in the target sample container absorbed by the sampling mechanism is directly determined from the first time point to the second time point. Therefore, the problems of long sampling time, cumbersome sampling steps, and low sampling efficiency caused by first performing image acquisition and analysis of the usable sample volume in the target sample container, and then suctioning the usable sample volume, are completely avoided. The cost increase and structural layout adjustment of the sample analyzer caused by setting up an image acquisition module are also avoided. Thus, the actual usable sample volume in the target sample container can be measured quickly and accurately. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this application and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments and are used to explain this application, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a plan view of a sample analyzer in one embodiment of this application.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for measuring the volume of a sample in one embodiment of this application.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for measuring the volume of a sample in one embodiment of this application.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for measuring the volume of a sample in one embodiment of this application.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for measuring the volume of a sample in one embodiment of this application.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for measuring the volume of a sample in one embodiment of this application.

[0024] Figure 7 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for measuring the volume of a sample in one embodiment of this application.

[0025] Figure 8 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for measuring the volume of a sample in one embodiment of this application.

[0026] Figure 9 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for measuring the volume of a sample in one embodiment of this application.

[0027] Figure 10 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for measuring the volume of a sample in one embodiment of this application.

[0028] Figure 11 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for measuring the volume of a sample in one embodiment of this application.

[0029] Figure 12 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for measuring the volume of a sample in one embodiment of this application.

[0030] Figure 13 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for measuring the volume of a sample in one embodiment of this application.

[0031] The above figures include the following reference numerals: Sample analyzer 100, sampling mechanism 10, conveying mechanism 20, sampling position 21, reaction plate 30, centrifugation mechanism 40, sample container transfer mechanism 50, target sample container 60. Detailed Implementation

[0032] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. This application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0033] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0034] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of this application. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following drawings denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it need not be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0035] Please see Figure 1-2 As shown, in a first aspect, this application provides a method for measuring the usable sample volume, the method being applied to a sample analyzer 100. In embodiments of this application, the sample analyzer includes, but is not limited to, at least one of the following: a biochemical analyzer, an immunoassay analyzer, a coagulation analyzer, and a urine analyzer.

[0036] The sample analyzer 100 includes a sampling mechanism 10, a detection mechanism (not shown in the figure), and a host (not shown in the figure). The sampling mechanism 10 is used to draw samples from the target sample container 60 located at the sampling position 21. The detection mechanism is used to acquire a first detection signal when the sampling mechanism 10 begins to contact the sample during the sampling process, and a second detection signal when an aspiration abnormality occurs. After receiving the user's operation command, the host controls the sampling mechanism 10 and the detection mechanism to perform corresponding functions respectively.

[0037] Please see Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment, the measurement method includes the following steps: S201, control the sampling mechanism 10 to move vertically downward toward the target sample container 60 from the starting position, wherein the starting position is located above the sampling position 21.

[0038] In an embodiment of this application, the sampling mechanism 10 includes a sampling needle and a needle driving unit. The sampling needle is disposed on the needle driving unit and moves vertically under the drive of the needle driving unit. The tip of the sampling needle can be directly aspirated or is equipped with a pipette for aspiration.

[0039] In the embodiments of this application, the starting position is located above the sampling position in the vertical direction, and the sampling mechanism 10 located at the starting position will not affect the movement of the target sample container 60. Specifically, when the sampling mechanism 10 is located at the starting position, the target sample container 60 can move to the sampling position and leave the sampling position.

[0040] In the embodiments of this application, the starting position is also used to position the sampling mechanism 10 so that the sampling mechanism 10 can move precisely to the starting position so that the sampling mechanism 10 can move vertically downward at the starting position so that the sampling needle can enter the target sample container 60. At the same time, the same initial coordinates are established for each sampling action of the sampling mechanism 10, so that the height position calculation of the sampling mechanism 10 is more accurate.

[0041] In an embodiment of this application, the host controls the needle driving unit to drive the sampling needle to the starting position. Then, the host controls the needle driving mechanism to drive the sampling needle vertically downward from the starting position to the target sample container 60 located at the sampling position, until the tip of the sampling needle or the pipette tip contacts the liquid surface of the sample contained in the target sample container 60.

[0042] In the embodiments of this application, the target sample container 60 refers to the sample container located at the sampling position 21. The target sample container 60 is used to contain the sample to be tested. The sample can be a biological sample, that is, a body fluid collected and used for detection and analysis, such as blood, saliva, urine, cerebrospinal fluid and other liquid samples.

[0043] In the embodiments of this application, based on the control of the sampling mechanism 10 to move vertically downward toward the target sample container 60 from the starting position as described in step S201, the sampling mechanism 10 can contact the sample in the target sample container 60 and aspirate the sample. Therefore, the sampling mechanism 10 can be directly controlled to perform the aspiration action, instead of first acquiring an image of the target sample container 60 located at the sampling position 21, analyzing the acquired image, and then determining the usable sample volume in the target sample container 60 based on the analysis results. This can shorten the sampling time and improve the sampling efficiency.

[0044] S202, when the detection mechanism obtains the first detection signal, it determines a first time point based on the first detection signal; the sampling mechanism 10 continues to move downward in the vertical direction from the first time point and begins to absorb the sample contained in the target sample container 60.

[0045] In the embodiments of this application, the first detection signal may be, but is not limited to, a capacitance signal, a pressure signal, or other signals that can be acquired by the detection mechanism when the sampling mechanism 10 comes into contact with the sample contained in the target sample container 60.

[0046] In the embodiments of this application, the first time point is the time point corresponding to when the sampling mechanism 10 comes into contact with the sample contained in the target sample container 60. Based on the first time point, the first position to which the sampling mechanism 10 has descended can be obtained, wherein the descent height of the sampling mechanism 10 from the starting position to the first position is the first height.

[0047] In the embodiments of this application, based on the sampling mechanism 10 described in step S202, the sampling mechanism 10 continues to move downward in the vertical direction from the first time point and simultaneously begins to absorb the sample contained in the target sample container 60. This allows the sampling mechanism 10 to continuously absorb the sample in the target sample container 60 during the process from when the detection mechanism acquires the first detection signal to when it detects the second detection signal. Therefore, it is possible to simultaneously absorb the sample contained in the target sample container 60 while detecting, thereby effectively improving the sampling efficiency.

[0048] In the embodiments of this application, the sampling mechanism 10 can draw samples from the target sample container 60 by continuous descent and synchronous aspiration. That is, the sampling mechanism 10 maintains continuous downward movement from the first time point to the second time point so that the descent speed of the sampling needle of the sampling mechanism 10 matches the descent speed of the liquid surface, ensuring that no air enters the sampling needle, and in this process, the sample in the target sample container 60 is continuously drawn by the sampling mechanism 10. Alternatively, the sampling mechanism 10 can also descend in a stepwise manner. That is, the sampling mechanism 10 descends a certain height from the height position corresponding to the first time point and then stops moving, draws a certain amount of sample, and then descends a certain height again, repeating this process until the second time point corresponding to the aspiration abnormality occurs, and in this process, the sample in the target sample container 60 is continuously drawn by the sampling mechanism 10.

[0049] S203, when the detection mechanism acquires the second detection signal, it determines a second time point based on the second detection signal; the sampling mechanism 10 stops absorbing samples from the second time point.

[0050] In embodiments of this application, the second detection signal may be, but is not limited to, a capacitance signal, a pressure signal, or other signals that can provide real-time feedback on any aspiration anomalies that occur when the sampling mechanism 10 aspirates the sample contained in the target sample container 60, and can be acquired by the detection mechanism. An aspiration anomaly can occur due to empty aspiration causing changes in pressure or capacitance, or due to contact with the separating gel during aspiration causing changes in pressure or capacitance. It should be noted that the situation of encountering the separating gel refers to a centrifuged sample contained in the target sample container 60. After centrifugation, the centrifuged sample forms a separating gel and a centrifuged sample liquid above the separating gel. For centrifuged samples, the detection component is the centrifuged sample liquid above the separating gel.

[0051] In an embodiment of this application, the second time point is the time point at which an aspiration abnormality occurs during the process of the sampling mechanism 10 aspirating the sample from the target sample container 60. Based on the second time point, the second position to which the sampling mechanism 10 has descended can be obtained, wherein the descent height of the sampling mechanism 10 from the initial position to the second position is the second height. The second position is located vertically below the first position.

[0052] In embodiments of this application, after the sampling mechanism 10 stops aspirating samples at the second time point, it may remain at its current position, awaiting the next instruction, or it may reset to the starting position. In some testing scenarios, if the sample contained in the target sample container 60 is a centrifuged sample, and separation gel is aspirated, the sample aspirated by the sampling mechanism 10 may be contaminated due to contact with the separation gel, rendering the sample unusable. Therefore, the sampling mechanism 10 needs to remain at its current position and return all aspirated samples to the original target sample container 60 before resetting to the starting position. For non-centrifuged samples, in some testing scenarios, such as in N-item joint testing, if the sample aspirated by the sampling mechanism 10 meets some of the testing requirements of the N-item joint testing, the sampling mechanism 10 may directly reset to the starting position and then, according to the next instruction, add the aspirated sample to the reaction container corresponding to the relevant testing item.

[0053] S204, determine the first volume of available samples in the target sample container 60 based on the second time point and the first time point.

[0054] In the embodiments of this application, the first volume is the cumulative sample volume drawn by the sampling mechanism 10 from the first time point to the second time point. The cumulative sample volume can be calculated based on the operating parameters of the sampling mechanism 10 during the time period corresponding to the first time point to the second time point. Specifically, the volume can be calculated based on the product of the time difference between the first and second time points and the suction speed of the sampling mechanism 10 per unit time; or, it can be calculated based on the product of the cumulative number of pumping steps of the sampling mechanism 10 from the first to the second time point and the unit pumping amount of the sampling mechanism 10 per pumping step; or, the cumulative sample volume can be calculated based on the correspondence between the operating parameters and the containment parameters of the sampling mechanism 10 during the time period corresponding to the first and second time points. Specifically, it can be calculated based on the correlation between the descent height of the sampling mechanism 10 from the first to the second time point and the containment parameters of the target sample container 60. The descent height is the distance the sampling mechanism 10 moves from the first position to the second position and is not specifically limited here, as long as the first volume of the usable sample contained in the target sample container 60 can be determined based on the first and second time points.

[0055] In the embodiments of this application, since the sampling mechanism 10 moves vertically downward from the starting position to the target sample container 60 located at the sampling position 21, and the first time point is before the second time point, the height of the sampling mechanism 10 at the first time point in the vertical direction will be higher than the height at the second time point.

[0056] In summary, by controlling the sampling mechanism 10 to move vertically downwards towards the target sample container 60 from its initial position above the sampling position 21, and controlling the detection mechanism to acquire a first detection signal indicating that the sampling mechanism 10 begins to contact the sample in the target sample container 60 during the sampling process, and determining the first time point based on the first detection signal, then controlling the sampling mechanism 10 to continue moving vertically downwards from the first time point, and simultaneously starting to absorb the sample contained in the target sample container 60, until the detection mechanism detects a second detection signal indicating that the sampling mechanism 10 has experienced an aspiration abnormality, and determining the second time point based on the second detection signal, and in... The second time point controls the sampling mechanism 10 to stop absorbing samples, thereby directly determining the first volume of the actual usable sample in the target sample container 60 absorbed by the sampling mechanism 10 based on the time points from the first to the second. Therefore, it completely avoids the problems of long sampling time, cumbersome sampling steps, and low sampling efficiency caused by first performing image acquisition and analysis of the usable sample volume in the target sample container 60, and then absorbing the usable sample volume. It also avoids the increased cost and structural layout adjustments of the sample analyzer 100 caused by setting up an image acquisition module, thereby achieving rapid and accurate measurement of the actual usable sample volume in the target sample container 60.

[0057] In an embodiment of this application, the sampling mechanism 10 includes a sampling needle and a needle driving unit. The sampling needle is disposed on the needle driving unit, and the needle driving unit is used to drive the sampling needle to move.

[0058] The detection mechanism includes a pressure detection device, which is connected to the sampling needle and is used to detect the pressure value during the aspiration process of the sampling needle.

[0059] Please see Figure 3 As shown, in one embodiment, the step of the detection mechanism acquiring the second detection signal includes: S2031, the pressure detection device acquires a first pressure value corresponding to the sampling needle when an aspiration abnormality occurs, and acquires a second pressure value corresponding to the sampling needle when it normally aspirates samples.

[0060] In the embodiments of this application, the sampling needle aspiration abnormality may occur when the sampling needle touches the separating gel in the centrifuged sample, causing blockage at the needle tip and resulting in aspiration abnormality. In this case, the pressure detection device can obtain the first pressure value. Alternatively, the sample aspirated by the sampling needle may contain separating gel, causing aspiration abnormality. In this case, the pressure detection device can also obtain the first pressure value. The first pressure value is a range value, and the more separating gel the sampling mechanism 10 aspirates, the greater the first pressure value.

[0061] When the sampling needle is normally drawing a sample, the pressure detection device can obtain the second pressure value. The second pressure value is a range value. Because there are a few air bubbles in the sample contained in the target sample container 60, air bubbles may be drawn during normal aspiration. Therefore, the second pressure value fluctuates within a certain range. So the second pressure value is a range value.

[0062] S2032, output the second detection signal based on the change of the second pressure value to the first pressure value.

[0063] In the embodiments of this application, when the pressure detection device detects that the pressure value of the sampling needle changes from the second pressure value to the first pressure value, it indicates that the sampling needle has aspirated the separating gel. Therefore, the sampling needle has aspirated all the separating liquid in the target sample container 60, that is, all the usable samples contained therein. So, the sampling mechanism 10 will stop aspirating.

[0064] Specifically, the second pressure value changes to the first pressure value, i.e., the second detection signal is obtained. The second pressure value changes to the first pressure value when the pressure value obtained by the pressure detection device exceeds the range of the second pressure value or reaches the range of the first pressure value.

[0065] Please see Figure 4 As shown, in one embodiment, the step of the detection mechanism acquiring the first detection signal includes: S2021, the sampling needle begins to aspirate before contacting the sample.

[0066] In the embodiments of this application, by setting the sampling needle to start aspiration before contacting the sample contained in the target sample container 60, the sampling needle can start aspiration immediately upon contacting the sample contained in the target sample container 60, thereby simplifying the control operation of the sampling mechanism 10 and further improving the sampling efficiency.

[0067] S2022, the pressure detection device acquires the third pressure value corresponding to the sampling needle when it draws in air.

[0068] In an embodiment of this application, the third pressure value is the pressure value corresponding to the process when the sampling needle moves vertically downward toward the target sample container 60 and has not yet drawn the sample contained in the target sample container 60.

[0069] S2023, the first detection signal is output according to the change of the third pressure value to the second pressure value.

[0070] In an embodiment of this application, when the pressure detection device detects that the pressure value of the sampling needle changes from the third pressure value to the second pressure value, it indicates that the sampling needle has drawn in the sample contained in the target sample container 60. Therefore, the liquid level detection device will output the first detection signal to the host, and the host will determine the first time point based on the first detection signal. The third pressure value is a range value; it will change within this range as the sampling needle changes from drawing in air to drawing in only a portion of the sample contained in the target sample container 60. For example, if the sampling mechanism 10 draws in dead volume, partial empty drawing may occur.

[0071] In an embodiment of this application, during the process of the sampling needle descending from the starting position to the point where the needle tip contacts the bottom of the target sample container 60, if the pressure value of the pressure detection device remains constant within the range of the third pressure value, it indicates that the sampling needle has failed to detect the liquid surface. Therefore, there is no sample in the target sample container 60, or the volume of the sample contained in the target sample container 60 is less than or equal to the dead volume of the target sample container 60, resulting in the needle tip of the sampling needle being unable to contact the sample in the target sample container 60.

[0072] In this embodiment, the detection mechanism further includes a liquid level detection device, which is electrically connected to the sampling needle and used to detect the capacitance value during the aspiration process of the sampling needle. Therefore, the liquid level detection device determines whether the sampling needle has contacted the liquid surface of the sample contained in the target sample container 60 by measuring the change in capacitance value at the tip of the sampling needle.

[0073] In an embodiment of this application, if the liquid level detection device fails to detect the liquid level through the sampling needle during the process of the sampling needle descending from the starting position to the point where the needle tip contacts the bottom of the target sample container 60, it indicates that there is no sample in the target sample container 60, or that the volume of the sample contained in the target sample container 60 is less than or equal to the dead volume of the target sample container 60, resulting in the needle tip of the sampling needle being unable to contact the sample in the target sample container 60.

[0074] Please see Figure 5 As shown in this embodiment, the step of the detection mechanism acquiring the first detection signal includes: S2024, the liquid level detection device acquires the first capacitance value of the sampling needle when it is not in contact with the sample, and the second capacitance value when it is in contact with the sample.

[0075] In an embodiment of this application, the tip of the sampling needle is provided with a conductive element, which is electrically connected to the liquid level detection device. Therefore, when the conductive element is not in contact with the sample contained in the target sample container 60, the liquid level detection device obtains the first capacitance value of the sampling needle. When the conductive element is in contact with the sample contained in the target sample container 60, the capacitance detection device obtains the second capacitance value of the sampling needle. Thus, based on the change of the capacitance value of the sampling needle from the first capacitance value to the second capacitance value, it is determined that the sampling needle is in contact with the liquid level of the sample contained in the target sample container 60. Alternatively, the sampling needle itself is conductive, so when the tip of the sampling needle contacts the sample contained in the target sample container 60, the liquid level detection device obtains the second capacitance value of the sampling needle.

[0076] S2025, the first detection signal is output according to the change of the first capacitance value to the second capacitance value.

[0077] In an embodiment of this application, when the liquid level detection device detects that the capacitance value of the sampling needle changes from the first capacitance value to the second capacitance value, it indicates that the sampling needle has come into contact with the sample contained in the target sample container 60. Therefore, the liquid level detection device will output the first detection signal to the host, and the host will determine the first time point based on the first detection signal.

[0078] Specifically, the first capacitance value is the capacitance value when the sampling needle is only in contact with air, and the second capacitance value is the capacitance value when the sampling needle is in contact with the sample contained in the target sample container 60. The second capacitance value may differ for different types or concentrations of samples, but it is always significantly different from the first capacitance value.

[0079] In one embodiment, the sampling needle has a pipette tip at its tip end, and the pipette tip end face has a conductive element. The conductive element is electrically connected to the liquid level detection device, so that when the end face of the pipette tip first contacts the liquid level of the sample contained in the target sample container 60, the liquid level detection device can obtain the second capacitance value.

[0080] Please see Figure 6 As shown, in one embodiment, the step of controlling the sampling mechanism 10 to move vertically downward toward the target sample container 60 from the starting position includes: S2011, Obtain the containment parameters corresponding to the target sample container 60, wherein the containment parameters are the geometric feature parameters of the liquid-filled cavity inside the sample container of a specific type corresponding to the target sample container 60.

[0081] In the embodiments of this application, the containment parameter is data characterizing the containment characteristics of a specific type of target sample container 60. Therefore, the containment parameter can be used to determine the actual sample volume contained in the target sample container 60. Its core objective is that, given the current liquid level of the sample contained in the target sample container 60, the total volume of the sample contained in the target sample container 60 can be calculated using this parameter.

[0082] Because sample containers of different sizes have different internal shapes—for example, the internal bottom of existing sample containers can be U-shaped, V-shaped, or flat—and the taper of the internal bottom, shoulder design, internal diameter, and other physical dimensions vary, the relationship between height and containment volume differs for different types of sample containers. Therefore, a universal formula cannot be used to fit all test tubes. To address this, by storing the containment parameters corresponding to each type of sample tube in the sample analyzer, a customized volume calculation model is created for each type of sample tube, thereby significantly improving the accuracy of volume calculation.

[0083] In an embodiment of this application, the host can obtain the containment parameters of the target sample container 60 by identifying the type of the target sample container 60.

[0084] In the embodiments of this application, the host can obtain the type of the target sample container 60 by scanning the barcode information on the target sample container 60 with a barcode scanner before the target sample container 60 is loaded with the sampling position, or the host can directly obtain the type of the target sample container 60 delivered to the sampling position from the LIS.

[0085] Furthermore, in the embodiments of this application, the containment parameter can be a volume calculation formula for the target sample container 60, wherein the volume calculation formula includes geometric feature parameters of the liquid-filled cavity inside the sample container of a specific type corresponding to the target sample container 60. Specifically, the calculation formula involves the internal geometric dimensions of the sample container, including but not limited to parameters such as the effective internal height, internal diameter, bottom inclination, bottom thickness, and dead volume of the sample container. The volume of the sample contained in the sample container can be directly calculated using these parameters.

[0086] Taking a sample container with a V-shaped inner bottom and a cylindrical main body as an example, the containment parameters include the taper of the V-shaped inner bottom and the radius of the main body.

[0087] In embodiments of this application, the containment parameters include a volume lookup table that establishes and stores a mapping relationship between the liquid level height and sample volume for a specific sample type in the sample analyzer. This allows the volume lookup table to be obtained based on the type of the target sample container 60, corresponding to different volumes at different liquid levels within the target sample container 60. As a result, the volume of the contained sample can be determined based on the liquid level height of the sample currently contained in the target sample container 60.

[0088] For example, the host obtains that the type of the current target sample container 60 is "Tube_A5", and calls the containment parameters corresponding to "Tube_A5", including the volume lookup table corresponding to "Tube_A5". The volume lookup table corresponding to "Tube_A5" includes the sample volume of 0.5ml when the liquid level is 0.1mm and the sample volume of 2ml when the liquid level is 0.3mm.

[0089] S2012, based on the starting position and the first time point, determine the first height at which the sampling mechanism 10 contacts the sample.

[0090] In an embodiment of this application, the sampling mechanism 10 has already descended the first height in the vertical direction relative to the starting position at the first time point.

[0091] Furthermore, in the embodiments of this application, the host obtains the encoder value of the sampling mechanism 10 at the starting position and confirms the encoder value at the first time point. Based on the change in the encoder value between the starting position and the first time point, the height at which the sampling mechanism 10 descends vertically from the starting position is obtained and confirmed as the first height.

[0092] S2013, based on the first height and the containment parameters, determine the second volume of the sample in the target sample container 60.

[0093] In embodiments of this application, the second volume of the sample contained in the target sample container 60 can be calculated based on the first height and the containment parameters of the target sample container 60. The liquid level of the sample contained in the target sample container 60 can be determined using the containment parameters and the first height.

[0094] S2014, determine the size of the second volume and the volume required for the project detection. If the second volume is less than or equal to the volume required for the project detection, end the volume measurement of the sample contained in the target sample container 60; if the second volume is greater than the volume required for the project detection, continue the volume measurement of the sample contained in the target sample container 60.

[0095] In the embodiments of this application, the second volume is the volume calculated before directly aspirating the sample contained in the target sample container 60. Therefore, based on the second volume, it can be determined in advance whether the sample contained in the target sample container 60 meets the volume required for the project detection. Samples that are obviously insufficient can be immediately excluded. That is, when the second volume is less than the volume required for the corresponding detection project, the volume measurement of the sample contained in the target sample container 60 is ended, that is, the sample contained in the target sample container 60 is no longer aspirated, thereby avoiding invalid sample aspiration and saving detection time. When the second volume is greater than the volume required for the corresponding detection project, steps S201, S202, S203 and S204 are continued.

[0096] For example, determining the second volume of the sample in the target sample container 60 can be defined as a preliminary measurement step of the usable sample volume. This is achieved by using the starting position of the sampling mechanism 10's movement, the first time point at which the first detection signal is received, and the containment parameters of the target sample container 60 to confirm the second volume of the sample contained in the target sample container 60. The second volume is the "theoretical volume" of the sample contained in the target sample container 60. If this theoretical volume is lower than the requirements of the detection item, the actual first volume will certainly be insufficient. Based on this, the sample in the target sample container 60 can be directly discarded or marked as an abnormal sample. In this way, the usable sample volume can be pre-judged before the sampling mechanism 10 actually begins aspiration. This pre-judgment is completed through the original liquid level detection function of the sampling mechanism 10, without the need for additional detection components, thus enabling rapid and efficient measurement of the usable sample volume.

[0097] For example, if the second volume is larger than the volume required for the corresponding detection item, steps S201, S202, S203, and S204 are then executed. This can be referred to as the precise measurement step of the usable sample volume. By acquiring the first time point when the first detection signal is obtained and the second time point when the second detection signal is obtained, the first volume of the sample contained in the target sample container 60 is confirmed. The first volume is the "actual volume" of the sample contained in the target sample container 60. By using the actual aspirated first volume, the actual usable sample volume is measured, and the second volume confirmed in the preliminary measurement step of the usable sample volume is verified, ensuring the accuracy of the calculation of the usable sample volume. At the same time, the second detection signal enables accurate identification of samples with separating gel, avoiding the sampling mechanism 10 from aspirating separating gel during the sampling process, thus preventing the use of samples with separating gel in experiments, which would affect the accuracy of the experiments and waste the samples.

[0098] In another embodiment of this application, when the second volume is larger than the volume required for the project detection, aspiration continues until the volume required for the project detection is reached, at which point aspiration stops and the aspirated sample is dispensed and distributed into the reaction container corresponding to the detection project, thus completing the filling of the sample contained in the target sample container 60.

[0099] Please see Figure 7 As shown, in one embodiment, the containment parameters further include the dead volume of the target sample container 60, which is the volume of the portion of the sample contained at the bottom of the target sample container 60 that cannot be drawn by the sampling needle. Since the sample containers have different shapes, the dead volumes of different sample containers are also different, and the dead volume is stored in the containment parameters of the sample analyzer in association with the sample container type.

[0100] In an embodiment of this application, the step of determining the second volume of the sample in the target sample container 60 based on the first height and the containment parameters includes: S20131, based on the first height and the containment parameters, determine the third volume of the sample in the target sample container 60.

[0101] In the embodiments of this application, the third volume includes the dead volume. Therefore, the third volume includes the sample corresponding to the dead volume that cannot be drawn by the sampling needle. Since the first height includes the height of the sample portion corresponding to the dead volume in the target sample container 60, the third volume is greater than the second volume.

[0102] S20132, the second volume of the sample in the target sample container 60 is determined based on the difference between the third volume and the dead volume.

[0103] In the embodiments of this application, by eliminating the dead volume, the calculation of the second volume is made more accurate, thereby enabling a more accurate determination of whether the sample contained in the target sample container 60 meets the volume required for the corresponding project detection.

[0104] Please see Figure 8 As shown, in one embodiment, the step of obtaining the containment parameters corresponding to the target sample container 60 includes: S20111, Obtain the type of the target sample container 60 located at the sampling position 21.

[0105] In the embodiments of this application, since the target sample containers 60 that move to the sampling position 21 are not all of the same type, and different types of sample containers have different containment parameters, when obtaining the containment parameters of the target sample container 60, the type of the target sample container 60 must first be obtained. The type of the target sample container 60 can be determined by a label affixed to the outer wall of the target sample container 60.

[0106] S201112, the containment parameters of the target sample container 60 are determined from a pre-stored first parameter table according to the type of the target sample container 60.

[0107] In embodiments of this application, the first parameter table is pre-stored in the host computer, and the first parameter table includes different types of sample containers and the corresponding containment parameters for each sample container. Alternatively, the first parameter table is pre-stored in a LIS system (Laboratory Information System).

[0108] Please see Figure 9 As shown, in one embodiment, the step of ending the volume measurement of the sample contained in the target sample container 60 when the second volume is less than or equal to the volume required for the project detection includes: S20141, Obtain the detection type of the detection item, wherein the detection type includes single detection and N-item joint detection, where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.

[0109] In the embodiments of this application, the single-item test means that the sample contained in the target sample container 60 needs to meet the sample requirements of one test item, that is, there is only one test item; the N-item joint test means that the sample contained in the target sample container 60 needs to meet the sample requirements of N test items, wherein the N test items include at least two items, such as the five items of hepatitis B, the eight items before surgery, etc.

[0110] S20142, when the detection type is a single detection, the volume measurement of the sample contained in the target sample container 60 is ended; when the detection type is an N-item joint detection, it is determined whether the second volume meets the detection requirements of some of the N-item joint detection items; when the second volume is greater than the detection requirements of at least one of the N-item detection items, the volume measurement of the sample contained in the target sample container 60 continues.

[0111] In the embodiments of this application, for the detection type of a single detection, if the second volume is less than or equal to the volume required for the detection of the single detection item, the sample contained in the target sample container 60 cannot meet the detection requirements of the single detection item, and the aspiration measurement of the sample contained in the target sample container 60 is terminated.

[0112] Optionally, the sample analyzer also includes a human-computer interaction module. The host generates an insufficient sample volume error message for the target sample container 60, which is displayed on the error log interface of the human-computer interaction module to prompt the user. The insufficient sample volume error message includes the identification code of the target sample container 60 and an indicator of insufficient sample volume.

[0113] Optionally, the host computer determines the second volume as the usable amount of sample contained in the target sample container 60 and stores it in the information of the target sample container 60. The sample analyzer also includes a human-computer interaction module, through which the user can view the information of the target sample container 60 for further processing.

[0114] In the embodiments of this application, for the detection type of N-item joint inspection, it is necessary to further determine whether the second volume meets the volume required for the detection of some detection items. If the second volume meets the volume required for some detection items, the volume of the sample contained in the target sample container 60 is measured and the detection of the relevant detection items is carried out, so as to make full use of the sample and avoid or reduce sample waste.

[0115] It should be noted that for N-item joint inspection, even if the second volume meets the volume required for some of the inspection items, the aspiration measurement of the sample contained in the target sample container 60 can be terminated, thereby ending the inspection of the sample contained in the target sample container 60.

[0116] Furthermore, the host generates detection instructions for some detection items, the required volume of which is the total volume required for some detection items. Steps S202, S203 and S204 are executed repeatedly. For the target sample container 60 containing separating gel, the second time point is obtained in step S203 because the separating gel is extracted. Therefore, the first volume of the target sample container 60 is confirmed based on step S204.

[0117] Please see Figure 10 As shown, in one embodiment, the sampling mechanism 10 includes a stepper motor, a plunger pump, and a sampling needle. The plunger pump is connected to the sampling needle, and the stepper motor drives the plunger pump to move in order to aspirate and expel samples.

[0118] In embodiments of this application, the step of determining the first volume of available sample in the target sample container 60 based on the second time point and the first time point includes: S2041, obtain the unit sample volume drawn by the plunger pump in each step driven by the stepper motor.

[0119] In the embodiments of this application, during normal aspiration, the unit sample volume corresponding to each step of the plunger pump is consistent. Since the stepper motor drives the plunger pump to draw in or discharge a constant volume of sample per step, this can be used for accurate calculation of the cumulative aspirated sample volume.

[0120] S2042, obtain the number of steps M of the stepper motor from the first time point to the second time point.

[0121] In the embodiments of this application, the stepper motor is driven and controlled by the host of the sample analyzer. The host controls the operation of the stepper motor by sending pulse signals to it, with each pulse corresponding to one step. Therefore, the internal counter of the host can record the total number of pulses sent from the first time point to the second time point in real time and accurately; this value is the desired number of steps M. This method is direct and reliable, requires no additional sensors, and is entirely based on the system's control data.

[0122] In another embodiment of this application, the number of steps M can also be obtained indirectly. Specifically, the fixed stepping frequency (i.e., the number of steps per second) of the stepper motor or the time period (Δt) required for each step is known in advance. Then, by calculating the time difference (ΔT) between the first time point and the second time point, the total number of steps M can be calculated according to the formula M=ΔT / Δt.

[0123] S2043, determine the first volume based on the step number M and the unit sample volume.

[0124] In the embodiments of this application, since the unit sample volume corresponding to each step of the plunger pump during normal suction is consistent, and the number of steps M of the plunger pump between the first time point and the second time point is known, the first volume can be determined by multiplying the unit sample volume by the number of steps M.

[0125] The first volume obtained by calculating the cumulative suction volume using the stepper motor's step count and the plunger pump's unit sample volume is more accurate.

[0126] Please see Figure 11 As shown, in one embodiment, after the step of determining the second time point based on the second detection signal, the measurement method further includes: S2051, Based on the second time point, it is determined that the sample contained in the target sample container 60 is a centrifuged sample with separating gel.

[0127] In the embodiments of this application, at the second time point, the pressure detection device acquires the first pressure value at which the sampling needle experiences an aspiration abnormality. Therefore, it can be confirmed that the first volume drawn by the sampling mechanism 10 is the usable sample volume in the centrifuged sample with separating gel contained in the target sample container 60.

[0128] In the embodiments of this application, after determining that the sample contained in the target sample container 60 is a centrifuged sample with a separating gel, the information is stored in the information of the target sample container 60. The sample analyzer also includes a human-computer interaction module, through which the user can view the information of the target sample container 60, which facilitates the user's future judgment and processing of the target sample container 60 or the sample analyzer to perform special processing calculations on the target sample container 60 with centrifuged sample information.

[0129] S2052, Obtain the detection type of the detection item, wherein the detection type includes single detection and N-item joint detection, where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.

[0130] In the embodiments of this application, the single-item test means that the sample contained in the target sample container 60 needs to meet the sample requirements of one test item, that is, there is only one test item; the N-item joint test means that the sample contained in the target sample container 60 needs to meet the sample requirements of N test items, wherein the N test items include at least two items, such as the five items of hepatitis B, the eight items before surgery, etc.

[0131] S2053, when the detection type is a single detection, all the sample collected is returned to the target sample container 60, and the detection of the detection item ends.

[0132] In an embodiment of this application, for a single-item detection, the host computer controls the stepper motor to drive the plunger pump to return all the sample drawn up to the target sample container 60.

[0133] Please see Figure 12 As shown in S2054, when the detection type is N-item joint detection, it is determined whether the first volume meets the detection volume required for some of the N-item joint detection items. If the first volume is greater than at least one of the N-item detection items, a portion of the sample in the target sample container 60 is drawn, and the detection of some of the detection items is performed.

[0134] In the embodiments of this application, for the detection type of N-item joint inspection, if the first volume meets the volume required for some of the detection items, the detection of those items will continue, thereby making full use of the sample and avoiding or reducing sample waste.

[0135] Please see Figure 13 As shown in the embodiments of this application, the step of drawing a portion of the sample from the target sample container 60 and performing partial detection includes: S20541, All the sample collected is returned to the target sample container 60.

[0136] In the embodiments of this application, since the pipette tip comes into contact with the separating gel at the second time point, the sample drawn up by the pipette tip will be contaminated due to contact with the separating gel, so the sample drawn up cannot be used directly. Therefore, the sampling mechanism 10 needs to stay at its current position and return all the drawn up sample to the original target sample container 60 before resetting to the starting position.

[0137] S20542, the sample returned to the target sample container 60 is centrifuged again.

[0138] In the embodiments of this application, since the sample in the target sample container 60 located on top of the separating gel can meet the volume required for some detection items, by centrifuging the sample in the target sample container 60 again, it can be ensured that the usable sample located on top of the separating gel does not contain the separating gel, thereby avoiding the separating gel from affecting the detection results. Furthermore, the sample obtained after re-centrifugation yields a larger usable sample volume.

[0139] In embodiments of this application, the sample analyzer 100 further includes a centrifugation mechanism 40, which is used to centrifuge the sample contained in the sample container. The centrifugation mechanism 40 and the reaction disk 30 are located on the same side of the conveying mechanism 20 and close to the conveying mechanism 20, so that the transfer distance of the target sample container 60 between the conveying mechanism 20 and the centrifugation mechanism 40 is shorter, thereby improving the transfer efficiency of the target sample container 60.

[0140] S20543, Replace with a new pipette tip to re-absorb the sample from the target sample container 60 after centrifugation, and distribute it into at least one reaction container corresponding to the N joint test items, wherein the volume of the re-absorbed sample is greater than or equal to the volume required for the partial test items, and less than the first volume.

[0141] In the embodiments of this application, because the previously described pipette tip came into contact with the separating gel, causing the sample attached to the pipette tip to be contaminated by the separating gel, the previously described pipette tip cannot be used anymore. Therefore, it is necessary to replace it with a new pipette tip to reabsorb the usable sample that is located on top of the separating gel after re-centrifugation. The volume of the reabsorbed usable sample is smaller than the first volume, thereby avoiding the pipette tip from touching the separating gel when reabsorbing the usable sample after re-centrifugation, thus ensuring that the reabsorbed sample is not contaminated by the separating gel.

[0142] Please see Figure 1-13 As shown, in a second aspect, this application also provides a sample analyzer 100, which includes a conveying mechanism 20, a reaction disk 30, a sampling mechanism 10, a detection mechanism, and a host.

[0143] The conveying mechanism 20 has a sampling position 21 configured to place a target sample container 60. The conveying mechanism 20 also has a conveying track for conveying the sample container or a sample container rack carrying the sample container.

[0144] The reaction plate 30 is located on one side of the conveying mechanism 20 and is configured to carry the reaction container. The reaction container is used to contain the sample added by the sampling mechanism 10 and the reagents required for the test, and to mix the sample and reagents for reaction.

[0145] The sampling mechanism 10 is located between the conveying mechanism 20 and the reaction plate 30, and is configured to draw the sample from the target sample container 60 located at the sampling position 21 and distribute it into the reaction container.

[0146] The detection mechanism is connected to the sampling mechanism 10 and is configured to acquire a first detection signal when the sampling mechanism 10 begins to contact the sample during the sampling process and a second detection signal when an aspiration abnormality occurs.

[0147] The host computer is electrically connected to the sampling mechanism 10 and the detection mechanism, respectively. The host computer includes a processor and a memory for storing computer programs. When the processor executes the computer programs, it measures the available sample volume in the target sample container 60.

[0148] Please refer to Figure 2 As shown, the measurement of the usable sample volume in the target sample container 60 includes the following steps: S201, control the sampling mechanism 10 to move vertically downward toward the target sample container 60 from the starting position, wherein the starting position is located above the sampling position 21.

[0149] S202, when the detection mechanism obtains the first detection signal, it determines a first time point based on the first detection signal; the sampling mechanism 10 continues to move downward in the vertical direction from the first time point and begins to absorb the sample contained in the target sample container 60.

[0150] S203, when the detection mechanism acquires the second detection signal, it determines a second time point based on the second detection signal; the sampling mechanism 10 stops absorbing samples from the second time point.

[0151] S204, determine the first volume of available samples in the target sample container 60 based on the second time point and the first time point.

[0152] Steps S201, S202, S203, and S204 have been described in detail in the method for measuring the available sample volume described in the first aspect above, and will not be repeated here.

[0153] In the embodiments of this application, please refer to Figure 1 As shown, the sample analyzer 100 also includes a centrifugation mechanism 40 and a sample container transfer mechanism 50. The centrifugation mechanism 40 is used to centrifuge the sample. The centrifugation mechanism 40 and the reaction disk 30 are located on the same side of the conveying mechanism 20 and close to the conveying mechanism 20, so that the transfer distance of the target sample container 60 between the conveying mechanism 20 and the centrifugation mechanism 40 is shorter, thereby improving the transfer efficiency of the target sample container 60.

[0154] The sample container transfer mechanism 50 is configured to transfer the target sample container 60, which has been centrifuged for the first time, between the conveying mechanism 20 and the centrifugation mechanism 40, so that the target sample container 60 conveyed on the conveying mechanism 20 can move to the centrifugation mechanism 40 under the transfer of the sample container transfer mechanism 50, so as to be centrifuged by the centrifugation mechanism 40, and to transfer the target sample container 60 containing the centrifuged sample from the centrifugation mechanism 40 to the sampling position 21 so as to be sampled by the sampling mechanism 10.

[0155] In addition, for samples that can be used in centrifuged samples to meet some of the testing items in the N-item joint inspection, the sample container transfer mechanism 50 is also used to transfer the target sample container 60 located at the sampling position 21 to the centrifugation mechanism 40, and to transfer the target sample container 60 after being centrifuged again by the centrifugation mechanism 40 to the sampling position 21.

[0156] Please see Figure 2-13 As shown, in a third aspect, this application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the method for measuring the available sample volume as described in any embodiment of the first aspect above.

[0157] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "on top of," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation beyond the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures were inverted, a device described as "above" or "on top of" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0158] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application.

[0159] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for measuring usable sample volume, applied to a sample analyzer, characterized in that, The sample analyzer includes a sampling mechanism and a detection mechanism. The sampling mechanism is used to draw a sample from a target sample container located at the sampling position. The detection mechanism is used to acquire a first detection signal when the sampling mechanism begins to contact the sample during the sampling process and a second detection signal when an aspiration abnormality occurs. The measurement method includes: The sampling mechanism is controlled to move vertically downward toward the target sample container from the starting position, wherein the starting position is located above the sampling position; When the detection mechanism acquires the first detection signal, it determines a first time point based on the first detection signal; the sampling mechanism continues to move downward in the vertical direction from the first time point and begins to absorb the sample contained in the target sample container. When the detection mechanism acquires the second detection signal, it determines a second time point based on the second detection signal; the sampling mechanism stops absorbing samples from the second time point. The first volume of available samples in the target sample container is determined based on the second time point and the first time point.

2. The method for measuring usable sample volume according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sampling mechanism includes a sampling needle, and the detection mechanism includes a pressure detection device, which is used to detect the pressure value during the aspiration process of the sampling needle. The step of the detection mechanism acquiring the second detection signal includes: The pressure detection device acquires a first pressure value corresponding to the sampling needle when an aspiration abnormality occurs, and acquires a second pressure value corresponding to the sampling needle when it normally aspirates samples. The second detection signal is output based on the change of the second pressure value to the first pressure value.

3. The method for measuring usable sample volume according to claim 2, characterized in that, The step of the detection mechanism acquiring the first detection signal includes: The sampling needle begins aspiration before contacting the sample; The pressure detection device acquires the third pressure value corresponding to the sampling needle when it draws in air; The first detection signal is output based on the change of the third pressure value to the second pressure value. Alternatively, the detection mechanism may further include a liquid level detection device, which is electrically connected to the sampling needle and is used to detect the capacitance value during the sampling needle aspiration process; The step of the detection mechanism acquiring the first detection signal includes: The liquid level detection device acquires the first capacitance value of the sampling needle when it is not in contact with the sample, and the second capacitance value when it is in contact with the sample. The first detection signal is output based on the change of the first capacitance value to the second capacitance value.

4. The method for measuring usable sample volume according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of controlling the sampling mechanism to move vertically downward toward the target sample container from the initial position includes: Obtain the containment parameters corresponding to the target sample container, wherein the containment parameters are the geometric feature parameters of the liquid-filled cavity inside the sample container of a specific type corresponding to the target sample container; Based on the starting position and the first time point, determine the first height at which the sampling mechanism contacts the sample; Based on the first height and the containment parameters, determine the second volume of the sample in the target sample container; The second volume is compared with the volume required for the project detection. If the second volume is less than or equal to the volume required for the project detection, the volume measurement of the sample contained in the target sample container ends. If the second volume is greater than the volume required for the project detection, the volume measurement of the sample contained in the target sample container continues.

5. The method for measuring usable sample volume according to claim 4, characterized in that, The containment parameters also include the dead volume of the target sample container; The step of determining the second volume of the sample in the target sample container based on the first height and the containment parameters includes: Based on the first height and the containment parameters, determine the third volume of the sample in the target sample container; The second volume of the sample in the target sample container is determined based on the difference between the third volume and the dead volume.

6. The method for measuring usable sample volume according to claim 4, characterized in that, The step of obtaining the containment parameters corresponding to the target sample container includes: Obtain the type of the target sample container located at the sampling position; The containment parameters of the target sample container are determined from a pre-stored first parameter table based on the type of the target sample container.

7. The method for measuring usable sample volume according to claim 4, characterized in that, The step of ending the volume measurement of the sample contained in the target sample container when the second volume is less than or equal to the volume required for the project detection includes: Obtain the detection type of the detection item, where the detection type includes single detection and N-item joint detection, where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2; When the detection type is a single detection, the volume measurement of the sample contained in the target sample container ends. When the detection type is an N-item joint detection, it is determined whether the second volume meets the detection requirements of some of the N-item joint detection items. If the second volume is greater than the detection requirements of at least one of the N-item detection items, the volume measurement of the sample contained in the target sample container continues.

8. The method for measuring usable sample volume according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sampling mechanism includes a stepper motor, a plunger pump, and a sampling needle. The plunger pump is connected to the sampling needle, and the stepper motor is used to drive the plunger pump to move to aspirate and expel samples. The step of determining the first volume of available samples in the target sample container based on the second time point and the first time point includes: The volume of a unit sample drawn up by the plunger pump in each step driven by the stepper motor is obtained. Obtain the number of steps M of the stepper motor from the first time point to the second time point; The first volume is determined based on the step number M and the unit sample volume.

9. The method for measuring usable sample volume according to claim 1, characterized in that, After the step of determining the second time point based on the second detection signal, the measurement method further includes: Based on the second time point, the sample contained in the target sample container is determined to be a centrifuged sample with a separating gel; Obtain the detection type of the detection item, where the detection type includes single detection and N-item joint detection, where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2; When the detection type is a single detection, all the collected samples are returned to the target sample container to end the detection of the detection item; When the detection type is N-item joint detection, it is determined whether the first volume meets the detection volume required for some of the N-item joint detection items. If the first volume is greater than at least one of the N-item detection items, a portion of the sample in the target sample container is drawn, and the detection of some of the detection items is performed.

10. The method for measuring usable sample volume according to claim 9, characterized in that, The sampling needle is equipped with a pipette tip. The steps of aspirating part of the sample from the target sample container and performing some detection items include: All the collected sample is returned to the target sample container; The sample returned to the target sample container is centrifuged again. Replace the pipette tip and re-absorb the sample from the target sample container after centrifugation, and distribute it into at least one reaction container corresponding to the N joint test items. The volume of the re-absorbed sample is greater than or equal to the volume required for the partial test items, and less than the first volume.

11. A sample analyzer, characterized in that, include: A conveying mechanism having a sampling position configured to place a target sample container; A reaction tray, located on one side of the conveying mechanism, is configured to carry a reaction container; A sampling mechanism is disposed between the conveying mechanism and the reaction plate and is configured to draw a sample from the target sample container located at the sampling position and distribute it into the reaction container; A detection mechanism is connected to the sampling mechanism and configured to acquire a first detection signal when the sampling mechanism begins to contact the sample during the sampling process and a second detection signal when an aspiration abnormality occurs. as well as The host computer is electrically connected to both the sampling mechanism and the detection mechanism. The host computer includes a processor and a memory storing a computer program. The processor is configured to execute the computer program to measure the usable sample volume in the target sample container. The measurement of the usable sample volume in the target sample container includes the following steps: The sampling mechanism is controlled to move vertically downward toward the target sample container from the starting position, wherein the starting position is located above the sampling position; When the detection mechanism acquires the first detection signal, it determines a first time point based on the first detection signal; the sampling mechanism continues to move downward in the vertical direction from the first time point and begins to absorb the sample contained in the target sample container. When the detection mechanism acquires the second detection signal, it determines a second time point based on the second detection signal; the sampling mechanism stops absorbing samples from the second time point. The first volume of available samples in the target sample container is determined based on the second time point and the first time point.

12. The sample analyzer according to claim 11, characterized in that, The sample analyzer also includes a centrifugation mechanism, which is located on the same side of the delivery mechanism and close to it, and is used to centrifuge the sample; and A sample container transfer mechanism is configured to transfer the target sample container, which has been centrifuged for the first time, between the conveying mechanism and the centrifugation mechanism, and to transfer the target sample container, which has been centrifuged again, between the sampling position and the centrifugation mechanism.

13. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the method for measuring the available sample volume as described in any one of claims 1-10.

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