Electrothermal characteristic analysis method, device and equipment of sleeve and storage medium

Abstract

The invention provides an electric heating characteristic analysis method, device and equipment of a sleeve and a storage medium. Relates to the technical field of simulation analysis. The method comprises the following steps: performing spectral analysis on voltage data of a target bushing to obtain a voltage harmonic component; performing spectral analysis on the current data of the target bushing to obtain a current harmonic component; determining at least one material characteristic parameter based on the working temperature of the target sleeve; according to the voltage harmonic component, the current harmonic component and the at least one material characteristic parameter, electric heating simulation analysis is conducted on the target sleeve, a simulation result is obtained, and the simulation result is used for indicating the operation state of the target sleeve. According to the method, by considering the influence of harmonic components and the coupling effect of material parameters and temperature, the effects of reducing the actual complex operation condition of the sleeve and improving the electric heating characteristic analysis authenticity and the operation state judgment accuracy are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of simulation analysis, and in particular to a method, apparatus, equipment and storage medium for analyzing the electrothermal characteristics of a bushing. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of high-voltage direct current (HVDC) and flexible alternating current (AC) transmission systems, power systems are increasingly characterized by high levels of power electronics. Converter stations, as core hubs, operate in increasingly complex environments; bushings, as key equipment within converter stations, simultaneously undertake the core functions of electrical connection, insulation isolation, and mechanical support. Their long-term safe and stable operation plays a crucial role in the reliable operation of the entire transmission system.

[0003] In related technologies, the electrothermal characteristics of bushings are typically analyzed based on pure DC or AC voltage to obtain simulation results. However, in actual operation, these simulation results are prone to distortion, leading to poor accuracy in determining the operating status of the target bushing based on these results. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a method, apparatus, device, and storage medium for analyzing the electrothermal characteristics of bushings, which can improve the accuracy of bushing electrothermal characteristic analysis and the reliability of operating status assessment under harmonic conditions.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a method for analyzing the electrothermal characteristics of a bushing, the method comprising:

[0006] Spectral analysis was performed on the voltage data of the target bushing to obtain the voltage harmonic components;

[0007] The current data of the target bushing is subjected to spectrum analysis to obtain the current harmonic components;

[0008] Based on the operating temperature of the target sleeve, at least one material property parameter is determined;

[0009] Based on the voltage harmonic component, the current harmonic component, and at least one material characteristic parameter, an electrothermal simulation analysis is performed on the target bushing to obtain simulation results, which are used to indicate the operating status of the target bushing.

[0010] In one possible implementation, determining at least one material property parameter based on the operating temperature of the target sleeve includes:

[0011] Based on the dielectric parameter-temperature relationship function, the operating temperature is processed to obtain the target dielectric parameter of the target sleeve;

[0012] Based on the thermal conductivity parameter-temperature relationship function, the working temperature is processed to obtain the target thermal conductivity parameter of the target sleeve;

[0013] Determining the at least one material property parameter includes the target dielectric parameter and the target thermal conductivity parameter.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the step of performing spectral analysis on the voltage data of the target bushing to obtain voltage harmonic components includes:

[0015] Establish a simulation model of the power system where the target bushing is located;

[0016] Based on the actual operating parameters of the power system, the voltage data input to the target bushing is determined through the simulation model;

[0017] The voltage data is subjected to spectral analysis using a Fourier transform algorithm to obtain the voltage harmonic components.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the step of performing electrothermal simulation analysis on the target bushing based on the voltage harmonic component, the current harmonic component, and the at least one material characteristic parameter to obtain simulation results includes:

[0019] A three-dimensional geometric model of the target sleeve is established based on the finite element method.

[0020] The voltage harmonic component, the current harmonic component, and at least one material property parameter are input into the three-dimensional geometric model for electrothermal simulation analysis to obtain simulation results, which include steady-state electric field distribution and steady-state temperature field distribution.

[0021] In one possible implementation, the method further includes:

[0022] The insulating material used in the target sleeve was tested, and multiple sets of test data were obtained. The test data included the dielectric and thermal conductivity parameters of the insulating material at the target temperature.

[0023] Curve fitting is used to fit the multiple sets of test data to establish the dielectric parameter-temperature relationship function and the thermal conductivity parameter-temperature relationship function.

[0024] In one possible implementation, the method further includes:

[0025] If the maximum electric field strength in the steady-state electric field distribution is greater than the breakdown field strength of the insulating material, and / or the highest temperature point in the steady-state temperature field distribution is greater than the maximum allowable operating temperature of the insulating material, then the operating state of the target bushing is determined to be a risk state.

[0026] If the maximum electric field strength in the steady-state electric field distribution is less than or equal to the breakdown field strength of the insulating material, and the highest temperature point in the steady-state temperature field distribution is less than or equal to the maximum allowable operating temperature of the insulating material, then the operating state of the target bushing is determined to be a safe state.

[0027] In one possible implementation, the method further includes:

[0028] When the target casing is in a risky operating state, a warning message is displayed, which includes the risk type and risk level of the target casing.

[0029] Secondly, this application provides an apparatus for analyzing the electrothermal characteristics of a bushing, the apparatus comprising:

[0030] The first processing module is used to perform spectral analysis on the voltage data of the target bushing to obtain the voltage harmonic components.

[0031] The second processing module is used to perform spectrum analysis on the current data of the target bushing to obtain the current harmonic components.

[0032] The third processing module is used to determine at least one material characteristic parameter based on the operating temperature of the target sleeve;

[0033] The simulation analysis module is used to perform electrothermal simulation analysis on the target bushing based on the voltage harmonic component, the current harmonic component, and at least one material characteristic parameter, and obtain simulation results. The simulation results are used to indicate the operating status of the target bushing.

[0034] Thirdly, this application provides an electronic device, including: a memory and a processor;

[0035] The memory stores computer-executed instructions;

[0036] The processor executes computer execution instructions stored in the memory, causing the processor to perform the first aspect and / or various possible implementations of the first aspect as described above.

[0037] Fourthly, this application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, are used to implement the first aspect and / or various possible embodiments of the first aspect.

[0038] Fifthly, this application provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the first aspect and / or various possible implementations of the first aspect.

[0039] This application provides a method, apparatus, device, and storage medium for analyzing the electrothermal characteristics of a bushing. The method includes performing spectral analysis on the voltage data of the target bushing to obtain voltage harmonic components, performing spectral analysis on the current data of the target bushing to obtain current harmonic components, determining at least one material characteristic parameter based on the operating temperature of the target bushing, and then performing electrothermal simulation analysis on the target bushing based on the voltage harmonic components, current harmonic components, and at least one material characteristic parameter to obtain simulation results indicating the operating state of the target bushing. In the above process, by incorporating harmonic components and temperature-adapted material characteristic parameters into the electrothermal simulation analysis, accurate reproduction of complex operating conditions of the bushing can be achieved, effectively improving the realism of the electrothermal characteristic analysis of the target bushing and the accuracy of the operating state determination. Attached Figure Description

[0040] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0041] Figure 1 A schematic diagram illustrating the application scenarios provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0042] Figure 2 A schematic flowchart of an embodiment of the method for analyzing the electrothermal characteristics of the bushing provided in this application;

[0043] Figure 3 A schematic flowchart of Embodiment 2 of the method for analyzing the electrothermal characteristics of the bushing provided in this application;

[0044] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the location of valve-side bushing voltage harmonic measurement provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 5 A flowchart illustrating the multiphysics simulation analysis provided in this application embodiment;

[0046] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of the device for analyzing the electrothermal characteristics of the bushing provided in this application, according to Embodiment 1;

[0047] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of the electrothermal characteristic analysis device for the bushing provided in this application, according to Embodiment 2;

[0048] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0049] The accompanying drawings illustrate specific embodiments of this application, which will be described in more detail below. These drawings and descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of this application to those skilled in the art through reference to particular embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0050] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0051] With the rapid development of high-voltage direct current (HVDC) and flexible alternating current (AC) transmission systems, power systems are increasingly characterized by a high degree of power electronics integration. Converter stations, as the core hubs for power conversion and transmission, undertake critical tasks such as AC / DC power conversion and voltage level adaptation. Their operational status directly impacts the overall safety and transmission efficiency of the power system. Against this backdrop, the operating environment of converter stations is becoming increasingly complex due to the widespread application of power electronic equipment, placing more stringent demands on the performance stability and operational adaptability of key equipment within the stations.

[0052] As a core component of converter stations, bushings perform multiple functions, including electrical connection, insulation, and mechanical support, serving as a "bridge component" to ensure the normal operation of the converter station. Their long-term safe and stable operation not only affects their own service life but also directly impacts the reliable operation of the entire power transmission system. Faults such as insulation aging or localized overheating can trigger a chain reaction, leading to major power safety incidents. Therefore, accurate analysis and condition assessment of the electrothermal characteristics of bushings are of significant practical engineering importance.

[0053] In related technologies, the analysis of the electrothermal characteristics of bushings is mostly based on pure DC or power frequency AC voltage. Simplified models are established to conduct simulation calculations, thereby obtaining simulation results characterizing the bushing's operating state. However, during actual converter station operation, the switching action of the converter valves generates a large number of high-order harmonics, which are superimposed on the base voltage to form complex operating conditions. Traditional analysis methods do not consider these actual operating conditions, leading to deviations between simulation results and the actual operating state. Consequently, the accuracy of the target bushing operating state determined based on these simulation results is poor.

[0054] To address the aforementioned issues, one approach is to improve the accuracy of bushing electrothermal characteristic analysis by focusing on the alignment of actual operating conditions with precise parameter coupling. Based on this, the inventors, after numerous experiments, discovered that voltage harmonic components can be obtained through spectral analysis of the target bushing's voltage data, and current harmonic components can be obtained through spectral analysis of the target bushing's current data. At least one material characteristic parameter can be determined based on the target bushing's operating temperature. Then, electrothermal simulation analysis of the target bushing is performed based on the voltage harmonic components, current harmonic components, and at least one material characteristic parameter to obtain simulation results indicating the target bushing's operating state, thereby improving the accuracy of determining the target bushing's operating state. Based on this, this application proposes a bushing electrothermal characteristic analysis method aimed at improving the accuracy of determining the target bushing's operating state.

[0055] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an application scenario provided in an embodiment of this application. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1 A converter station includes a converter transformer, bushings (oil-immersed bushings), and converter valves. The converter transformer and converter valves are physically connected to the electrical transmission channel through the bushings. The output terminal of the converter transformer is fixedly connected to one end of the bushing, while the other end of the bushing is directly connected to the port of the converter valve, thus forming the core closed loop of energy transmission within the converter station.

[0056] In actual operation of this circuit, the converter transformer supplies the main AC current at power frequency, adapted to the AC-DC conversion of the converter valve, as the basic energy input; the harmonic current generated during the switching operation of the converter valve will flow back to the converter transformer in the reverse direction along the circuit through the same bushing. The sharing of a bushing by both will subject the bushing to mixed voltage / current conditions, and its electrothermal characteristics will be directly affected by this complex operating condition.

[0057] The technical solution of this application and how it solves the above-mentioned technical problems will be described in detail below with specific embodiments. These specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described again in some embodiments. The embodiments of this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0058] Figure 2 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating an embodiment of the method for analyzing the electrothermal characteristics of the bushing provided in this application. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 2 The method may include:

[0059] S201. Perform spectral analysis on the voltage data of the target bushing to obtain the voltage harmonic components.

[0060] The execution subject of this application embodiment can be an electronic device or a sleeve electrothermal characteristic analysis device disposed in an electronic device. The sleeve electrothermal characteristic analysis device can be implemented by software or by a combination of software and hardware. The sleeve electrothermal characteristic analysis device can be a processor in an electronic device. For ease of understanding, the following description uses an electronic device as an example.

[0061] In this step, the voltage harmonic components can be accurately separated from the voltage data of the target bushing through a combination of data acquisition and spectrum decomposition. The voltage harmonic components can include amplitude, frequency, and phase parameters.

[0062] In one alternative implementation, a simulation model of the power system where the target bushing is located can be established. Based on the actual operating parameters of the power system, the voltage data (i.e., voltage waveform) of the input target bushing is determined through the simulation model. The voltage data is then subjected to spectrum analysis using the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) algorithm to obtain the voltage harmonic components.

[0063] The simulation model of the power system where the target bushing is located can be based on the actual topology and equipment parameters of the power system. The model can be built using power system simulation software to simulate the output voltage data of the converter valve switching action. The actual power system topology can include the main wiring configuration of the converter station, such as bipolar or unipolar connection; equipment parameters can include the converter valve model, rated voltage of the converter transformer, rated capacity, etc.; and the power system simulation software can be Power System Computer Aided Design (PSCAD) or Electromagnetic Transients including DC (EMTDC) simulation software.

[0064] Furthermore, the FFT algorithm can be used to perform spectral analysis on the voltage data, decomposing it into the fundamental frequency and various harmonics (3rd, 5th, and higher harmonics). The amplitude, frequency, and phase parameters of each harmonic are extracted and integrated to form a voltage harmonic component dataset. The fundamental frequency can be DC or AC at power frequency, and the frequencies of each harmonic are integer multiples of the fundamental frequency; that is, the frequency of the nth harmonic is equal to the product of the fundamental frequency and n. For example, the 3rd harmonic frequency is 3 times the fundamental frequency, and the 5th harmonic frequency is 5 times the fundamental frequency.

[0065] For example, taking the fundamental frequency AC as the reference, spectral analysis of the voltage data of the target bushing can yield three voltage harmonic components: the fundamental AC voltage with frequency F1, amplitude U1, and phase φ1; the third harmonic voltage with amplitude U2, frequency F2, and phase φ2; and the fifth harmonic voltage with amplitude U3, frequency F3, and phase φ3.

[0066] S202. Perform spectrum analysis on the current data of the target bushing to obtain the current harmonic components.

[0067] In this step, the voltage data processing logic can be synchronized to extract the current harmonic components of the target bushing through data acquisition, spectrum decomposition, and harmonic matching operations. The current harmonic components can include amplitude, frequency, and phase parameters.

[0068] In one specific implementation, a simulation-based collaborative acquisition mode can be adopted. In the simulation model of the power system built above, a current monitoring node is added at the outlet of the target bushing to synchronously output the current waveform (i.e., current data) that is consistent with the time axis of the voltage waveform. Then, the FFT algorithm is used to perform spectrum analysis on the current waveform to decompose the fundamental current and each harmonic current, and extract the amplitude, frequency, and phase parameters of each harmonic to form a current harmonic component dataset.

[0069] It should be noted that in the process of forming the current harmonic component dataset, it is necessary to ensure that the frequencies of the current harmonics and voltage harmonics match one-to-one, such as the 3rd voltage harmonic corresponding to the 3rd current harmonic, in order to avoid frequency misalignment when calculating losses.

[0070] For example, taking the fundamental frequency AC as the power frequency as an example, the current data of the target bushing can be analyzed by spectrum analysis to obtain three current harmonic components: the power frequency AC fundamental current with frequency F1, amplitude I1, and phase φ1; the third harmonic current with amplitude I2, frequency F2, and phase φ2; and the fifth harmonic current with amplitude I3, frequency F3, and phase φ3.

[0071] S203. Based on the operating temperature of the target sleeve, determine at least one material characteristic parameter.

[0072] In this step, temperature-dependent material characteristic parameters that play a key role in the analysis of electrothermal characteristics can be selected and calculated based on the actual operating temperature of the target bushing.

[0073] Optionally, based on the above power system simulation model, the temperature monitoring module in the model can be activated simultaneously to simulate the heating characteristics of the target bushing under the mixed voltage / current condition of "power frequency AC plus harmonics" and output the steady-state operating temperature of the bushing.

[0074] Based on the core requirements of electrothermal simulation, the selected parameters must directly affect the electric field calculation and temperature field conduction, including but not limited to: the dielectric parameters (i.e., dielectric constant ε) of the insulating material, and the thermal conductivity parameters, in watts per meter Kelvin. The insulating material can be epoxy resin or silicone rubber.

[0075] It should be noted that the selection of the above parameters is not limited to the insulating material and the two types of parameters mentioned above, but can also cover the temperature-dependent physical properties of other core materials of the bushing. For example, for the copper alloy conductive rod inside the bushing, the temperature coefficient of resistance and the resistance value at the reference temperature must also be included.

[0076] In one specific implementation, the operating temperature can be processed based on a pre-acquired dielectric parameter-temperature relationship function to obtain the target dielectric parameter of the target sleeve; the operating temperature can be processed based on a thermal conductivity parameter-temperature relationship function to obtain the target thermal conductivity parameter of the target sleeve; and at least one material characteristic parameter is determined to include the target dielectric parameter and the target thermal conductivity parameter.

[0077] For example, if the operating temperature of the target sleeve is T1, based on the pre-acquired dielectric parameter-temperature relationship function, the operating temperature T1 can be processed to obtain the target dielectric parameter value A1 of the target sleeve. Based on the thermal conductivity parameter-temperature relationship function, the operating temperature T1 can be processed to obtain the target thermal conductivity parameter value B1 of the target sleeve.

[0078] S204. Based on the voltage harmonic components, current harmonic components, and at least one material characteristic parameter, perform electrothermal simulation analysis on the target bushing to obtain simulation results.

[0079] In this step, based on the simulation logic of electric field-thermal constant bidirectional coupling, combined with voltage harmonic components including the fundamental voltage, current harmonic components including the fundamental current, and at least one material characteristic parameter, the target bushing's electrothermal characteristics can be accurately analyzed through multiphysics simulation, and simulation results used to indicate the operating status of the target bushing can be output.

[0080] Optionally, a three-dimensional geometric model of the target bushing can be established based on the Finite Element Method (FEM). Voltage harmonic components, current harmonic components, and at least one material property parameter can be input into the three-dimensional geometric model for electrothermal simulation analysis to obtain simulation results. The simulation results include steady-state electric field distribution and steady-state temperature field distribution.

[0081] The steady-state electric field distribution can include a three-dimensional electric field intensity cloud map inside the bushing, the peak and average electric field intensities of each key component (insulation layer, conductive rod), the contribution percentage of each harmonic (fundamental, 3rd, 5th, and other higher harmonics) to the total electric field, and the specific value and coordinate location of the maximum electric field intensity. This distribution result is directly related to the bushing insulation safety boundary, and the maximum electric field intensity is a key indicator for determining whether there is a risk of insulation breakdown.

[0082] For example, if the maximum electric field strength in the steady-state electric field distribution is greater than the breakdown field strength of the insulating material, it indicates that the bushing insulation layer may have partial discharge or even breakdown fault, and thus the operating state of the target bushing can be determined to be a risky state; if the maximum electric field strength is less than or equal to the breakdown field strength of the insulating material, it indicates that the bushing insulation performance meets the operating requirements, and can provide the core basis for determining the safe state in terms of the electric field dimension.

[0083] The steady-state temperature field distribution can include three-dimensional temperature cloud maps of each core component of the bushing, the peak and average temperatures of each key component, the contribution ratio of each harmonic loss to the temperature field, and the specific value and coordinate location of the highest temperature point. This distribution result is directly related to the thermal tolerance limit of the bushing material, and the highest temperature point is the core indicator for determining whether the bushing is at risk of thermal aging or thermal damage.

[0084] For example, if the highest temperature point in the steady-state temperature field distribution is greater than the maximum allowable operating temperature of the insulating material, the bushing material may age faster and its performance may degrade due to overheating, or even cause insulation failure, thus determining the operating state of the target bushing as a risky state; if the highest temperature point is less than or equal to the maximum allowable operating temperature of the insulating material, it indicates that the bushing has good heat dissipation performance and the material is within the safe heat tolerance range, which can provide the core basis for determining the safe state in terms of temperature dimension.

[0085] In this embodiment, the voltage data of the target bushing can be subjected to spectral analysis to obtain voltage harmonic components; then, the current data of the target bushing can be subjected to spectral analysis to obtain current harmonic components; subsequently, based on the operating temperature of the target bushing, at least one material characteristic parameter is determined; finally, based on the voltage harmonic components, current harmonic components, and at least one material characteristic parameter, an electrothermal simulation analysis of the target bushing is performed to obtain simulation results. In the above process, by incorporating the temperature coupling effect of harmonic components and material parameters, the accuracy of the analysis of the bushing's electrothermal characteristics can be improved, thereby accurately outputting simulation results to indicate the bushing's operating status. This enables reliable determination of the target bushing's operating status, providing precise technical support for bushing design optimization, condition monitoring, and safe operation and maintenance.

[0086] exist Figure 2 Based on the illustrated embodiment, the following, in conjunction with Figure 3The electrothermal characteristic analysis method of the above-mentioned bushing is further explained in detail.

[0087] Figure 3 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating Embodiment Two of the method for analyzing the electrothermal characteristics of the bushing provided in this application. Please refer to... Figure 3 The method may include:

[0088] S301. Establish a simulation model of the power system where the target bushing is located.

[0089] In this step, a high-fidelity power system simulation model can be built based on the real topology information and core equipment parameters of the power system where the target bushing is located, providing a simulation environment that closely matches the actual operating conditions for obtaining voltage and current data.

[0090] For example, PSCAD can be used to build a ±800kV UHVDC transmission system model, replicating the bipolar connection topology of the converter station and the parameters of core equipment such as converter valves and converter transformers, ensuring that the model can accurately output the voltage and current waveforms of the target valve-side bushing installation node.

[0091] S302. Based on the actual operating parameters of the power system, determine the voltage data of the input target bushing through a simulation model.

[0092] In this step, the actual operating parameters of the power system can be input into the established simulation model to drive the model to simulate the system's operating state, and then output the voltage data (i.e., voltage waveform) of the input target bushing.

[0093] The actual operating parameters may include the firing angle of the converter valve, the DC side power transmission, and the AC side bus voltage.

[0094] For example, when the input firing angle is 18° and the DC transmission power is 800MW, the simulation model can simulate the periodic on-off action of the converter valve and output a mixed voltage waveform at the target bushing port. This waveform contains DC, power frequency AC and various harmonic components, which is consistent with the voltage characteristics of the actual operating conditions.

[0095] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the location for measuring harmonic voltage on the valve side bushing, as provided in an embodiment of this application. Please refer to... Figure 4 The diagram illustrates the layout for collecting voltage harmonics in the valve-side circuit: different types of converter transformers are used as the core, and their two ends are connected to the high-voltage valve hall and the low-voltage valve hall respectively through bushings (such as bushings 1 and 2 connecting to the high-voltage valve hall, and bushings 3 and 4 connecting to the low-voltage valve hall). The connection nodes between the converter transformer and the valve hall correspond to the installation positions of the valve-side bushings. At the same time, a "harmonic operating condition analysis" unit can be configured on the rectifier side of the circuit to synchronously collect voltage data at each bushing position.

[0096] The high-pressure valve hall houses the high-pressure converter valve group and its supporting equipment, and is responsible for the power conversion operation on the high-pressure side. The low-pressure valve hall corresponds to the low-pressure converter valve group equipment and is responsible for the power processing on the low-pressure side. The converter transformer is used to achieve voltage matching between the AC side and the DC side. The rectifier side is the core functional unit of the converter station, responsible for converting AC power into DC power. The switching action of its converter valves will generate harmonics, which is the main source of harmonic operation in this scheme.

[0097] S303. The voltage data is subjected to spectrum analysis using the Fourier transform algorithm to obtain the voltage harmonic components.

[0098] In this step, the FFT algorithm can be used to perform spectral decomposition on the voltage data output from the simulation, separating the fundamental wave and each harmonic from the mixed waveform, and extracting parameters to form a voltage harmonic component dataset.

[0099] In one specific implementation, the FFT algorithm can convert the time-domain voltage waveform into a frequency-domain spectrum curve, decomposing it into a fundamental frequency (which can be AC ​​or DC at power frequency) and higher harmonics such as the 3rd and 5th orders; at the same time, it extracts the amplitude, frequency, and phase parameters of each harmonic, and the frequency of each harmonic is an integer multiple of the fundamental frequency. For example, when the fundamental frequency is 50Hz, the 3rd harmonic is 150Hz.

[0100] For example, after analyzing the ±800kV valve side bushing voltage, we can obtain the following: the fundamental voltage with frequency F1 of 50Hz, amplitude U1 of 220kV, and phase φ1 of 0°; the third harmonic voltage with frequency F2 of 150Hz, amplitude U2 of 35kV, and phase φ2 of 30°; and the fifth harmonic voltage with frequency F3 of 250Hz, amplitude U3 of 12kV, and phase φ3 of 60°.

[0101] S304. Perform spectrum analysis on the current data of the target bushing to obtain the current harmonic components.

[0102] In this step, a current monitoring node can be added to the outlet of the target bushing in the simulation model to synchronously output current data consistent with the time axis of the voltage waveform. Then, the fundamental current and each harmonic current are decomposed by the FFT algorithm, and the parameters are extracted to form a current harmonic component dataset.

[0103] For example, after analyzing the ±800kV valve side bushing current, we can obtain the fundamental current with frequency F1 of 50Hz, amplitude I1 of 1.8kA, and phase φ1 of 0°; the third harmonic current with frequency F2 of 150Hz, amplitude I2 of 0.3kA, and phase φ2 of 30°; and the fifth harmonic current with frequency F3 of 250Hz, amplitude I3 of 0.1kA, and phase φ3 of 60°, which are matched one-to-one with the frequency of the voltage harmonic components.

[0104] S305. Based on the dielectric parameter-temperature relationship function, the operating temperature of the target sleeve is processed to obtain the target dielectric parameter of the target sleeve.

[0105] In this step, the pre-obtained dielectric parameter-temperature relationship function can be used to calculate the target dielectric parameter at the corresponding temperature by substituting the operating temperature of the target sleeve. Specifically, the target dielectric parameter refers to the dielectric constant of the insulating material of the target sleeve (such as epoxy resin or silicone rubber), which directly affects the accuracy of the electric field distribution calculation and is one of the core parameters of the electrothermal simulation.

[0106] Optionally, the dielectric parameter-temperature relationship function can be established through the following steps ①②.

[0107] Step ①: Test the insulating material used in the target bushing to obtain multiple sets of test data, including the dielectric parameters of the insulating material at the target temperature.

[0108] For example, an epoxy resin insulation material sample used in the target bushing was selected, and the dielectric constants were measured by a dielectric constant tester at target temperatures covering the actual operating range, such as 25℃, 40℃, 60℃, 80℃, and 100℃. The corresponding dielectric constants were 3.8, 3.85, 3.9, 3.92, and 3.95, respectively, forming 5 sets of test data (temperature T / ℃, dielectric constant ε): (25, 3.8), (40, 3.85), (60, 3.9), (80, 3.92), and (100, 3.95).

[0109] Step 2: Use curve fitting to fit multiple sets of test data and establish the dielectric parameter-temperature relationship function.

[0110] For example, the least squares method can be used to fit the above 5 sets of test data to a quadratic function, and the dielectric parameter-temperature relationship function is obtained as ε(T)=0.00002T²+0.0025T+3.73, which can accurately reflect the correlation between temperature and dielectric constant.

[0111] S306. Based on the thermal conductivity parameter-temperature relationship function, the working temperature of the target sleeve is processed to obtain the target thermal conductivity parameter of the target sleeve.

[0112] In this step, the target thermal conductivity parameter-temperature relationship function can be used to calculate the target thermal conductivity parameter at the corresponding temperature by substituting the operating temperature of the target bushing into the pre-obtained thermal conductivity parameter. Specifically, the target thermal conductivity parameter can refer to the thermal conductivity parameter of the insulating material of the target bushing (such as epoxy resin or silicone rubber).

[0113] Optionally, the thermal conductivity parameter-temperature relationship function can be established through the following steps ①②.

[0114] Step ①: Test the insulation material used in the target bushing to obtain multiple sets of test data, including the thermal conductivity parameters of the insulation material at the target temperature.

[0115] For example, an epoxy resin insulation material sample identical to the target bushing was selected, and its thermal conductivity was measured to be 0.12 at target temperatures of 25℃, 40℃, 60℃, 80℃, and 100℃ using a hot-wire thermal conductivity meter. 0.13 0.14 0.15 0.16 Five sets of test data were generated (temperature T / ℃, thermal conductivity λ / ℃). : (25, 0.12), (40, 0.13), (60, 0.14), (80, 0.15), (100, 0.16).

[0116] Step 2: Use curve fitting to fit multiple sets of test data and establish the thermal conductivity parameter-temperature relationship function.

[0117] For example, by using the least squares method to perform linear fitting on the above 5 sets of test data, the thermal conductivity parameter-temperature relationship function is obtained as λ(T)=0.0004T+0.11. This function can reflect the linear correlation between temperature and thermal conductivity parameter.

[0118] S307. Determine at least one material property parameter, including the target dielectric parameter and the target thermal conductivity parameter.

[0119] In this step, at least one material property parameter can be determined, including the target dielectric parameter and the target thermal conductivity parameter of the target bushing insulation material (such as epoxy resin or silicone rubber).

[0120] Optionally, to further improve simulation accuracy, temperature-dependent physical property parameters such as temperature-related dielectric loss factor and temperature coefficient of resistance of the conductive rod inside the sleeve can be added to the material property parameters, comprehensively covering the core requirements of electrothermal coupling analysis.

[0121] S308. Based on the finite element method, establish a three-dimensional geometric model of the target sleeve.

[0122] In this step, a three-dimensional geometric model of the target sleeve can be constructed using the finite element method based on its actual structural dimensions, accurately reproducing the physical structure of the sleeve.

[0123] In one specific implementation, the establishment of the three-dimensional geometric model needs to match the actual design parameters of the valve-side sleeve. For example, the diameter of the internal copper alloy conductive rod, the thickness of the intermediate insulation layer (epoxy resin, silicone rubber), and the length of the external protective sleeve, etc., to ensure that the structural proportions of the model are completely consistent with the actual product.

[0124] Furthermore, for critical areas of the bushing, local mesh refinement can be performed to reduce field distribution errors caused by mesh coarseness, ensuring the accuracy of subsequent calculations of core data such as electric field strength and temperature values. These critical areas may include the connection point between the converter transformer and the valve hall, as well as the contact surface between the insulation layer and the conductive rod.

[0125] S309. Input the voltage harmonic component, the current harmonic component, and at least one material property parameter into the three-dimensional geometric model to perform electrothermal simulation analysis and obtain the simulation results.

[0126] In this step, voltage harmonic components, current harmonic components, and at least one material property parameter can be simultaneously input into the established three-dimensional geometric model. Multiphysics simulation is carried out based on the electric field-thermal bidirectional coupling simulation logic to obtain simulation results including steady-state electric field distribution and steady-state temperature field distribution.

[0127] The steady-state electric field distribution can include a three-dimensional electric field intensity cloud map inside the bushing, the peak and average electric field intensity of each key component, the contribution ratio of each harmonic to the total electric field, and the specific value and coordinate location of the maximum electric field intensity; the steady-state temperature field distribution can include a three-dimensional temperature cloud map of each core component of the bushing, the peak and average temperature of each key component, the contribution ratio of each harmonic loss to the temperature field, and the specific value and coordinate location of the highest temperature point.

[0128] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating the multiphysics simulation analysis provided in this application embodiment. Please refer to... Figure 5 ,include:

[0129] S501. Establish a three-dimensional geometric model.

[0130] Specifically, the actual structural dimensions of the target sleeve can be restored based on the finite element method, and a three-dimensional geometric model consistent with the actual sleeve can be constructed.

[0131] S502, Configure material property parameters.

[0132] Specifically, based on the actual characteristics of the insulating and conductive materials used in the target bushing, at least one material property parameter, such as the target dielectric parameter and the target thermal conductivity parameter, can be matched to the corresponding component of the three-dimensional geometric model to ensure that the material properties of the model are consistent with the actual bushing.

[0133] S503, Temperature Field Analysis.

[0134] Specifically, by combining the current harmonic components of the target bushing, the losses and heat transfer processes of each component can be calculated, and the temperature distribution results of each region of the bushing can be obtained. At the same time, material parameters adapted to the current temperature can be provided for subsequent electric field analysis.

[0135] S504, Electric Field Analysis.

[0136] Specifically, the electric field intensity distribution inside the bushing can be calculated based on the voltage harmonic components and the material parameters output from the temperature field analysis. At the same time, the additional losses under the action of the electric field are fed back to the temperature field analysis stage, realizing the bidirectional coupling of the electric field and the temperature field.

[0137] S505, Simulation Solution.

[0138] Specifically, through coupled calculations of the electric and temperature fields, simulation results including the steady-state electric field distribution and steady-state temperature field distribution of the bushing can be output, thus completing the multiphysics simulation analysis of the bushing's electrothermal characteristics.

[0139] In one alternative implementation, the operating state of the target bushing can be determined as a risk state based on the fact that the maximum electric field strength in the steady-state electric field distribution is greater than the breakdown field strength of the insulating material, and / or that the highest temperature point in the steady-state temperature field distribution is greater than the maximum allowable operating temperature of the insulating material.

[0140] For example, if the epoxy resin insulation material used in the target bushing has a breakdown field strength of 20 kV / mm, and the simulation results include a maximum electric field strength of 22 kV / mm in the steady-state electric field distribution, then based on the fact that the maximum electric field strength of 22 kV / mm is greater than the breakdown field strength of the insulation material of 20 kV / mm, the operating state of the bushing is determined to be a risky state, and the insulation layer has a potential for breakdown.

[0141] For example, if the maximum allowable operating temperature of the epoxy resin insulation material used in the target bushing is 100℃, and the simulation results include a maximum temperature of 108℃ in the steady-state temperature field distribution, then the bushing's operating state can be determined to be at risk because the maximum temperature of 108℃ is greater than the maximum allowable operating temperature of the insulation material of 100℃. The insulation material is prone to accelerated aging and performance degradation due to overheating, and may even lead to insulation failure.

[0142] In another alternative implementation, the operating state of the target bushing can be determined to be safe based on the fact that the maximum electric field strength in the steady-state electric field distribution is less than or equal to the breakdown field strength of the insulating material, and the highest temperature point in the steady-state temperature field distribution is less than or equal to the maximum allowable operating temperature of the insulating material.

[0143] For example, if the epoxy resin insulation material used in the target bushing has a breakdown field strength of 20kV / mm and a maximum allowable operating temperature of 100℃, and the simulation results include a maximum electric field strength of 16kV / mm in the steady-state electric field distribution and a maximum temperature of 92℃ in the steady-state temperature field distribution, then based on the fact that the maximum electric field strength of 16kV / mm is less than the breakdown field strength of the insulation material of 20kV / mm, and the maximum temperature of 92℃ is less than the maximum allowable operating temperature of the insulation material of 100℃, the bushing's operating state can be determined to be safe. Its insulation performance and thermal stability can meet the actual operating requirements, ensuring the bushing's long-term reliable operation.

[0144] In one possible design, when the target casing is in a risky operating state, an early warning message can be triggered and displayed. This message can include the risk type and risk level of the target casing, providing developers with an intuitive and actionable basis for decision-making.

[0145] In one specific implementation, warning information can be prioritized for display on the local workstation (such as a computer running PSCAD / EMTDC) where the power system simulation model is built. Specifically, a warning pop-up window can automatically appear on the simulation results output interface. This pop-up window can be positioned at the top of the simulation software's interface to avoid being obscured by other windows, ensuring that developers can immediately detect risk warnings when viewing simulation data.

[0146] Optionally, the risk type can include insulation breakdown risk and thermal aging failure risk. Insulation breakdown risk can be triggered when the maximum electric field strength in the steady-state electric field distribution exceeds the breakdown field strength of the insulating material; thermal aging failure risk can be triggered when the highest temperature point in the steady-state temperature field distribution exceeds the maximum allowable operating temperature of the insulating material; if both the electric field and temperature indicators exceed the limits, the risk types can be marked together to clarify the composite risk scenario.

[0147] Optionally, based on risk level, it can be divided into three levels: high risk, medium risk, and low risk. High risk corresponds to a maximum electric field strength exceeding the breakdown field strength of the insulation material by more than 10%, or the highest temperature exceeding the maximum allowable operating temperature of the insulation material by more than 15°C; medium risk corresponds to a maximum electric field strength exceeding the breakdown field strength by 5% to 10%, or the highest temperature exceeding the allowable operating temperature by 8°C to 15°C; and level three risk corresponds to a maximum electric field strength exceeding the breakdown field strength by less than 5%, or the highest temperature exceeding the allowable operating temperature by less than 8°C. This quantifies the urgency of the risk and provides a clear basis for developers to formulate targeted optimization solutions.

[0148] Optionally, the warning information can also supplement the target bushing's core risk parameters and location information, including the maximum electric field strength and its corresponding safety threshold, the highest temperature point and its corresponding allowable operating temperature, the extent to which risk parameters exceed the standard, and the coordinates of the component where the maximum electric field strength is located and the highest temperature point. This helps developers quickly locate the source of the risk and accurately formulate targeted solutions such as insulation layer structure optimization, material parameter adjustment, or harmonic suppression, further enhancing the decision-making reference value of the warning information.

[0149] In this embodiment, a simulation model of the power system where the target bushing is located can be established. The voltage data of the input bushing is determined by combining the actual operating parameters of the power system. Then, Fourier transform is used to perform spectral analysis on the voltage and current data to obtain voltage harmonic components and current harmonic components. Simultaneously, based on the relationship function between dielectric and thermal conductivity parameters and temperature, and combined with the operating temperature of the target bushing, the corresponding material characteristic parameters can be obtained. Furthermore, a three-dimensional geometric model of the bushing can be constructed based on the finite element method. The voltage harmonic components, current harmonic components, and at least one material characteristic parameter are input into the model to conduct electrothermal simulation analysis, obtaining simulation results that indicate the operating state of the target bushing. In the above process, through the multi-stage linkage of harmonic component extraction, material parameter temperature adaptation, and three-dimensional finite element simulation, the complex operating conditions of the target bushing in the actual power system can be reproduced, significantly improving the realism of the analysis of the bushing's electrothermal characteristics and increasing the accuracy of determining the operating state of the target bushing based on the simulation results.

[0150] Furthermore, the steady-state electric field distribution and steady-state temperature field distribution in the simulation results can achieve multi-dimensional and accurate identification of bushing risks. The former, combined with the insulation material breakdown field strength threshold, determines the insulation breakdown risk, while the latter, compared with the material's maximum allowable operating temperature, captures potential thermal aging hazards. The two work together to cover the core electrical and thermal safety dimensions, clearly identifying the risk type and location, and significantly improving the comprehensiveness and pertinence of bushing risk warnings.

[0151] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the electrothermal characteristic analysis device for the bushing provided in this application. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 6 The device 10 for analyzing the electrothermal characteristics of the bushing includes:

[0152] The first processing module 11 is used to perform spectrum analysis on the voltage data of the target bushing to obtain voltage harmonic components.

[0153] The second processing module 12 is used to perform spectrum analysis on the current data of the target bushing to obtain the current harmonic components.

[0154] The third processing module 13 is used to determine at least one material property parameter based on the operating temperature of the target sleeve.

[0155] The simulation analysis module 14 is used to perform electrothermal simulation analysis on the target bushing based on voltage harmonic components, current harmonic components, and at least one material characteristic parameter, and obtain simulation results. The simulation results are used to indicate the operating status of the target bushing.

[0156] The device for analyzing the electrothermal characteristics of the bushing provided in this application embodiment can execute the technical solution shown in the above method embodiment. Its implementation principle and beneficial effects are similar, and will not be repeated here.

[0157] In one possible implementation, the third processing module 13 is specifically used for:

[0158] Based on the dielectric parameter-temperature relationship function, the working temperature is processed to obtain the target dielectric parameters of the target sleeve.

[0159] Based on the thermal conductivity parameter-temperature relationship function, the working temperature is processed to obtain the target thermal conductivity parameters of the target sleeve;

[0160] Determine at least one material property parameter, including the target dielectric parameter and the target thermal conductivity parameter.

[0161] In one possible implementation, the first processing module 11 is specifically used for:

[0162] Establish a simulation model of the power system where the target bushing is located;

[0163] Based on the actual operating parameters of the power system, the voltage data of the input target bushing is determined through a simulation model;

[0164] The voltage data was analyzed by using the Fourier transform algorithm to obtain the voltage harmonic components.

[0165] In one possible implementation, the simulation analysis module 14 is specifically used for:

[0166] A three-dimensional geometric model of the target casing is established based on the finite element method.

[0167] Voltage harmonic components, current harmonic components, and at least one material property parameter are input into a three-dimensional geometric model for electrothermal simulation analysis to obtain simulation results, including steady-state electric field distribution and steady-state temperature field distribution.

[0168] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 2 of the device for analyzing the electrothermal characteristics of the bushing provided in this application. Please refer to... Figure 7 ,exist Figure 6 Based on the illustrated embodiment, the sleeve's electrothermal characteristic analysis device 10 further includes: a fitting module 15, used for:

[0169] The insulating material used in the target bushing was tested, and multiple sets of test data were obtained. The test data included the dielectric and thermal conductivity parameters of the insulating material at the target temperature.

[0170] Curve fitting was used to fit multiple sets of test data to establish dielectric parameter-temperature relationship functions and thermal conductivity parameter-temperature relationship functions.

[0171] In one possible implementation, the simulation analysis module 14 is further used for:

[0172] If the maximum electric field strength in the steady-state electric field distribution is greater than the breakdown field strength of the insulating material, and / or the highest temperature point in the steady-state temperature field distribution is greater than the maximum allowable operating temperature of the insulating material, then the operating state of the target bushing is determined to be a risk state.

[0173] If the maximum electric field strength in the steady-state electric field distribution is less than or equal to the breakdown field strength of the insulating material, and the highest temperature point in the steady-state temperature field distribution is less than or equal to the maximum allowable operating temperature of the insulating material, then the operating state of the target bushing is determined to be a safe state.

[0174] In one possible implementation, the simulation analysis module 14 is further used for:

[0175] When the target casing is in a risky operating state, a warning message is displayed, which includes the risk type and risk level of the target casing.

[0176] The device for analyzing the electrothermal characteristics of the bushing provided in this application embodiment can execute the technical solution shown in the above method embodiment. Its implementation principle and beneficial effects are similar, and will not be repeated here.

[0177] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. Please refer to... Figure 8 The electronic device 20 provided in this embodiment includes at least one processor 21 and a memory 22. Optionally, the device 20 also includes a communication component 23. The processor 21, the memory 22, and the communication component 23 are connected via a bus 24.

[0178] In the specific implementation process, at least one processor 21 executes computer execution instructions stored in memory 22, causing at least one processor 21 to perform the above-described method.

[0179] The specific implementation process of processor 21 can be found in the above method embodiments, and its implementation principle and technical effect are similar. It will not be repeated here.

[0180] Optionally, the electronic device provided in this application embodiment can be an industrial computer, simulation workstation, or other device with data processing and simulation analysis capabilities, and can run simulation analysis software such as PSCAD and EMTDC; and the electronic device can be combined with voltage sensors, current sensors, and temperature sensors used to monitor the operating status of bushings to form a bushing status monitoring system specifically suitable for complex electrical environments. By using the above-mentioned bushing electrothermal characteristic analysis method to perform calculation and analysis on the voltage, current, and temperature data collected by the sensors, a bushing fault early warning platform can be built, which can realize real-time monitoring and fault early warning of the operating status of bushings in the power grid system.

[0181] In the above embodiments, it should be understood that the processor can be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), etc. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The steps of the method disclosed in this invention can be directly implemented by a hardware processor, or implemented by a combination of hardware and software modules within the processor.

[0182] The memory may include random access memory (RAM) and may also include non-volatile memory (NVM), such as at least one disk storage device.

[0183] The bus can be an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, etc. Buses can be categorized as address buses, data buses, control buses, etc. For ease of illustration, the buses shown in the accompanying drawings are not limited to a single bus or a single type of bus.

[0184] This application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described method.

[0185] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implement the above-described method.

[0186] The aforementioned readable storage medium can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as static random access memory (SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic storage, flash memory, magnetic disk, or optical disk. The readable storage medium can be any available medium accessible to a general-purpose or special-purpose computer.

[0187] An exemplary readable storage medium is coupled to a processor, enabling the processor to read information from and write information to the readable storage medium. Of course, the readable storage medium can also be a component of the processor. The processor and the readable storage medium can reside in an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC). Alternatively, the processor and the readable storage medium can exist as discrete components in the device.

[0188] The division of units is merely a logical functional division; in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices, or units, and may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0189] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0190] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present invention can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0191] If a function is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods of the various embodiments of this invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0192] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps of the above-described method embodiments can be implemented by hardware related to program instructions. The aforementioned program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When executed, the program performs the steps of the above-described method embodiments; and the aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as ROM, RAM, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0193] Finally, it should be noted that other embodiments of the invention will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This invention is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention that follow the general principles of the invention and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein, and is not limited to the precise structures described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of the invention is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method of analyzing the electrical heating characteristics of a bushing, characterized by, The method comprises: performing spectrum analysis on voltage data of a target bushing to obtain voltage harmonic components; performing spectrum analysis on current data of the target bushing to obtain current harmonic components; determining at least one material characteristic parameter based on an operating temperature of the target bushing; performing electro-thermal simulation analysis on the target bushing based on the voltage harmonic components, the current harmonic components, and the at least one material characteristic parameter to obtain a simulation result, the simulation result being used to indicate an operating state of the target bushing.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The determining of the at least one material characteristic parameter based on the operating temperature of the target bushing comprises: processing the operating temperature based on a dielectric parameter-temperature relationship function to obtain a target dielectric parameter of the target bushing; processing the operating temperature based on a thermal conductivity parameter-temperature relationship function to obtain a target thermal conductivity parameter of the target bushing; the at least one material characteristic parameter comprises the target dielectric parameter and the target thermal conductivity parameter.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The performing of the spectrum analysis on the voltage data of the target bushing to obtain the voltage harmonic components comprises: establishing a simulation model of a power system in which the target bushing is located; determining voltage data input to the target bushing based on actual operating parameters of the power system through the simulation model; performing spectrum analysis on the voltage data by using a Fourier transform algorithm to obtain the voltage harmonic components.

4. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The performing of the electro-thermal simulation analysis on the target bushing based on the voltage harmonic components, the current harmonic components, and the at least one material characteristic parameter to obtain a simulation result comprises: establishing a three-dimensional geometric model of the target bushing based on a finite element method; inputting the voltage harmonic components, the current harmonic components, and the at least one material characteristic parameter to the three-dimensional geometric model to perform electro-thermal simulation analysis and obtain a simulation result, the simulation result comprising a steady-state electric field distribution and a steady-state temperature field distribution.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein, The method further comprises: testing an insulating material used by the target bushing to obtain a plurality of sets of test data, the test data comprising dielectric parameters and thermal conductivity parameters of the insulating material at a target temperature; using a curve fitting method to fit the plurality of sets of test data to establish the dielectric parameter-temperature relationship function and the thermal conductivity parameter-temperature relationship function.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein, The method further comprises: if a maximum electric field intensity in the steady-state electric field distribution is greater than a breakdown field intensity of the insulating material, and / or a highest temperature point in the steady-state temperature field distribution is greater than a highest allowable operating temperature of the insulating material, determining that the operating state of the target bushing is a risk state; if the maximum electric field intensity in the steady-state electric field distribution is less than or equal to the breakdown field intensity of the insulating material, and the highest temperature point in the steady-state temperature field distribution is less than or equal to the highest allowable operating temperature of the insulating material, determining that the operating state of the target bushing is a safe state.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein, The method further comprises: when the operating state of the target bushing is the risk state, displaying a warning information, the warning information comprising a risk type and a risk level of the target bushing.

8. An apparatus for analyzing the electrical heating characteristics of a sleeve, characterized by, The device comprises: The first processing module is configured to perform frequency spectrum analysis on voltage data of the target bushing to obtain voltage harmonic components. The second processing module is configured to perform frequency spectrum analysis on current data of the target bushing to obtain current harmonic components. The third processing module is configured to determine at least one material characteristic parameter based on an operating temperature of the target bushing. The simulation analysis module is configured to perform electro-thermal simulation analysis on the target bushing based on the voltage harmonic components, the current harmonic components, and the at least one material characteristic parameter to obtain a simulation result, which is used to indicate an operating state of the target bushing.

9. An electronic device, comprising: The method comprises: a memory and a processor; the memory stores computer-executable instructions; the processor executes the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory, so that the processor executes the method according to any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions, and the computer-executable instructions are executed by the processor to implement the method according to any one of claims 1-7.

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