Dynamic anti-icing system for ballast tank of polar ship
By combining a main flow guide pipe, a jet module, and a multi-stage piezoelectric transducer array, along with acoustic and eddy current guiding technologies, the problem of insufficient anti-icing capability in ballast tanks of polar ships has been solved. This has achieved a highly efficient and low-energy-consumption dynamic anti-icing effect, eliminated anti-icing blind spots, and improved the reliability of the system.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-01-19
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-27
AI Technical Summary
Existing ballast tank anti-icing solutions are insufficient in ice suppression under polar navigation conditions, have high energy consumption and complex structures, and are difficult to effectively prevent the formation of ice crystals near the bulkheads and in areas with weak flow, thus affecting the reliability of the ship.
A combined system consisting of a main flow guide pipe, a jet module, and a multi-stage piezoelectric transducer array is adopted. By controlling solenoid valves and a central controller, and combining acoustic wave and eddy current guiding technologies, dynamic coupling of acoustic field regulation and eddy current guidance is achieved, which suppresses ice crystal nucleation and improves heat exchange efficiency.
It significantly improves anti-icing effect and energy efficiency, reduces energy consumption, has a coverage rate of nearly 100%, eliminates anti-icing blind spots, improves system reliability and accuracy, and adapts to different liquid levels and operating conditions.
Smart Images
Figure CN121734573A_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of ship ice prevention, in particular to a dynamic ice prevention system for ballast tank of polar ship. BACKGROUND
[0002] When the polar navigation ship runs in winter or high latitude sea area, the water body in the ballast tank is prone to ice formation in the flow weak area near the tank wall, water surface area and structure corner. In recent years, with the growth of polar navigation routes and the development trend of large-scale ship, the volume of the ballast tank increases significantly, the internal structure becomes more complex, and the local area is more obviously affected by low temperature. The water body is more likely to form ice crystal deposition in the tank wall near area and water-gas interface. This not only may reduce the efficiency of ballast water allocation, but also may produce additional extrusion load in local position, threatening the safety of tank wall structure, thereby adversely affecting the reliability of polar navigation. Therefore, the ballast tank needs to have more efficient, more uniform and lower energy consumption dynamic ice prevention capacity.
[0003] The existing ballast tank ice prevention methods mainly include steam coil heating, water circulation and other heat method ice prevention technologies. Although these methods can delay ice crystal formation by increasing local temperature or forced mixing, they have problems such as high energy consumption, complex structure and difficult maintenance.
[0004] As an energy-saving alternative, the bubble blowing method relies on the injection of compressed air through the perforated pipe at the bottom or side of the tank to produce disturbance to enhance water mixing during the bubble rising process. Although the bubble disturbance ice prevention method in the prior art can promote the local circulation and heat exchange of the water body in the ballast tank, the ice suppression capacity of this method is obviously insufficient under extreme low temperature conditions (for example, below-40℃), and initial ice formation and further expansion are prone to occur. SUMMARY
[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a dynamic ice prevention system for ballast tank of polar ship to solve the technical problem of insufficient ice suppression capacity of the existing ice prevention scheme.
[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the present application provides a dynamic ice prevention system for ballast tank of polar ship, comprising: a flow guide main pipe, a jet module, a multi-stage piezoelectric transducer array and a central controller. The flow guide main pipe is installed in the ballast tank, and the flow guide main pipe is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the ballast tank. The inside of the flow guide main pipe is a hollow structure main air duct. The first end of the flow guide main pipe is open and penetrates out of the ballast tank. An electromagnetic valve is arranged in the inside of the flow guide main pipe. The jet module is fixed on the flow guide main pipe, and the first end of the jet module is in communication with the main air duct of the flow guide main pipe. The end of the jet module is provided with a vortex guide nozzle. The multi-stage piezoelectric transducer array is installed along the outer wall of the flow guide main pipe for emitting sound waves. The central controller is in communication connection with the multi-stage piezoelectric transducer array and the electromagnetic valve, and is configured to control the electromagnetic valve to open and control the multi-stage piezoelectric transducer array to work when the water environment temperature in the ballast tank is less than a preset temperature threshold.
[0007] In a possible implementation, the outlet guide surface of the vortex guide nozzle is a smooth transition circular arc surface.
[0008] In a possible implementation, the circular arc surface has a radius of curvature ranging from 20 mm to 50 mm.
[0009] In a possible implementation, the number of the guide main pipes is multiple, and the second ends of the multiple guide main pipes are in communication.
[0010] In a possible implementation, each of the guide main pipes is provided with one of the multi-stage piezoelectric transducer arrays, and each of the multi-stage piezoelectric transducer arrays includes 4-8 piezoelectric transducers.
[0011] In a possible implementation, the polar ship ballast tank dynamic anti-icing system further includes that the piezoelectric transducers are configured to emit acoustic waves with a frequency ranging from 20 kHz to 1 MHz.
[0012] In a possible implementation, the polar ship ballast tank dynamic anti-icing system further includes multiple groups of sensors, and each group of sensors includes one temperature sensor and one liquid level sensor. Each group of sensors is fixed to the bulkhead of the ballast tank, the temperature sensor and the liquid level sensor of the same group have the same liquid level height, and the liquid level heights of different groups of sensors are different. The multi-stage piezoelectric transducer array includes multiple piezoelectric transducers, and the number of the jet modules is multiple. Each liquid level height corresponding to each liquid level sensor is provided with a piezoelectric transducer and a jet module. The central processor is configured to determine the water environment temperature at different liquid levels according to the temperature data and the liquid level data collected by the multiple groups of sensors, and control the electromagnetic valve to open and control the piezoelectric transducers corresponding to the liquid levels to work when the water environment temperature at any liquid level is less than a preset temperature threshold.
[0013] In a possible implementation, the central controller is further configured to control the electromagnetic valve to open and control the piezoelectric transducers corresponding to the liquid levels to stop working when the water environment temperature at any liquid level is greater than or equal to the preset temperature threshold.
[0014] In a possible implementation, the electromagnetic valve is controlled to be opened when the water body environment temperature at any liquid level is greater than or equal to a preset temperature threshold, including: The electromagnetic valve is controlled to be opened in a frequency range of 0.1-1 Hz and a mode of 5-10 minutes per cycle when the water body environment temperature at any liquid level is greater than or equal to a preset temperature threshold.
[0015] In a possible implementation, the central controller is further configured to control the piezoelectric transducer corresponding to the region where the water-air interface of the ballast tank and the convex contact surface of the water body and the ballast tank are in contact to work when the water body environment temperature at any liquid level is less than a preset temperature threshold.
[0016] The beneficial effects of the above implementation are that the polar ship ballast tank dynamic anti-icing system provided by the application has the electromagnetic valve arranged in the guide main pipe, the spray module is fixed to the guide main pipe, the leading end of the spray module is in communication with the main air duct of the guide main pipe, and the trailing end of the spray module is provided with the vortex guide nozzle, so that the opening degree of the electromagnetic valve can be controlled to control the airflow outside the ballast tank to enter the guide main pipe and be sprayed from the nozzle of the spray module, so as to form a vortex. In addition, the sound waves, such as high-frequency sound waves or ultrasonic waves, are emitted by the multi-stage piezoelectric transducer array to generate a controllable sound field in the key area in the tank to inhibit ice crystal nucleation. The application realizes the dynamic coupling of sound field regulation and vortex guidance to improve the overall anti-icing effect and energy efficiency and solve the technical problem of insufficient ice suppression capacity of the existing anti-icing scheme. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed in the embodiment description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the application, and other drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.
[0018] Figure 1 The structure schematic diagram of an embodiment of the polar ship ballast tank dynamic anti-icing system provided by the application; Figure 2 The principle schematic diagram of an embodiment of the polar ship ballast tank dynamic anti-icing system provided by the application; Figure 3 The structure schematic diagram of the spray module provided by the application; Figure 4 The cross-sectional schematic diagram of the spray module provided by the application; Figure 5 The coupling control flowchart provided by the application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0019] With reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort belong to the scope of protection of the present application.
[0020] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more than two.
[0021] In the embodiments of the present application, the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover the inclusions that are not exclusive, for example, the processes, methods, devices, products or equipment comprising a series of steps or modules do not have to be limited to the clearly listed steps or modules, but can include other steps or modules that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or equipment.
[0022] The naming or numbering of the steps appearing in the embodiments of the present application does not mean that the steps in the method flow must be performed in the time / logical order indicated by the naming or numbering. The flow steps that have been named or numbered can change the execution order according to the technical purpose to be achieved, as long as the same or similar technical effects can be achieved.
[0023] Reference to "embodiments" in this document means that the specific features, structures or characteristics described in connection with the embodiments can be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The phrase appears at various places in the specification does not necessarily all refer to the same embodiment, nor does it necessarily refer to a separate or alternative embodiment in isolation from other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.
[0024] As shown in Figure 1 The present application provides a polar ship ballast tank dynamic anti-icing system, comprising: a flow guide main pipe 101, a spray module 102, a multi-stage piezoelectric transducer array and a central controller 109. The flow guide main pipe 101 is installed in the ballast tank and is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the ballast tank. The flow guide main pipe 101 has a hollow structure of a main air passage inside. The first end of the flow guide main pipe 101 is open and penetrates out of the ballast tank. An electromagnetic valve 108 is arranged inside the flow guide main pipe 101. The spray module 102 is fixed to the flow guide main pipe 101. The leading end of the spray module 102 communicates with the main air passage of the flow guide main pipe 101. A vortex guide nozzle 103 is arranged at the trailing end of the spray module 102. The multi-stage piezoelectric transducer array is installed along the outer wall of the flow guide main pipe 101 for emitting sound waves. The central controller 109 is in communication connection with the multi-stage piezoelectric transducer array and the electromagnetic valve 108, for controlling the electromagnetic valve 108 to open and the multi-stage piezoelectric transducer array to work when the water body environment temperature in the ballast tank is less than the preset temperature threshold.
[0025] It can be understood that the multi-stage piezoelectric transducer array emits sound waves, such as high-frequency sound waves or ultrasonic waves, to generate a controllable sound field in the key area of the tank to inhibit ice crystal nucleation; the electromagnetic valve 108 is controlled to open, and the gas outside the ballast tank flows into the flow guide main pipe 101 and flows out through the vortex guide nozzle 103 of the jet module 102, forming a vortex, thereby realizing dynamic coupling of sound field regulation and vortex guidance to improve the overall anti-icing effect and energy efficiency.
[0026] In some embodiments, the outlet flow guide surface of the vortex guide nozzle 103 is a smooth transition circular arc surface.
[0027] It can be understood that the outlet flow guide surface of the vortex guide nozzle 103 is a smooth transition circular arc surface, and due to the Coanda effect, the gas will be sprayed along the nozzle arc and form a large-scale horizontal vortex, which can promote the transfer of warm water in the tank bottom to the upper layer and the side, realizing macro heat exchange.
[0028] In some embodiments, the curvature radius of the circular arc surface ranges from 20mm to 50mm.
[0029] It can be understood that the curvature radius of the circular arc surface can be 20mm, 50mm, 30mm or 40mm.
[0030] In some embodiments, the number of flow guide main pipes 101 is multiple, and the second ends of the multiple flow guide main pipes 101 are in communication.
[0031] It can be understood that each flow guide main pipe 101 is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the ballast tank, where the bottom surface refers to the upper and lower bottom surfaces of the ballast tank, which are parallel to each other.
[0032] The multiple flow guide main pipes 101 can be distributed at equal intervals and parallel to each other.
[0033] In some embodiments, one multi-stage piezoelectric transducer array is arranged on each flow guide main pipe 101, and each multi-stage piezoelectric transducer array includes 4-8 piezoelectric transducers 104.
[0034] It can be understood that the multiple piezoelectric transducers 104 on each flow guide main pipe 101 are arranged at equal intervals.
[0035] In some embodiments, the polar ship ballast tank dynamic anti-icing system further comprises: the piezoelectric transducer 104 is used for emitting acoustic waves with a frequency range of 20 kHz-1 MHz.
[0036] It can be understood that the frequency of the acoustic wave occurring can be 20 kHz, 1 MHz, 100 Mhz, etc. Generally speaking, the lower the temperature of the water environment, the higher the corresponding acoustic wave frequency, thereby helping to prevent ice.
[0037] In some embodiments, the polar ship ballast tank dynamic anti-icing system further comprises: a plurality of groups of sensors, each group of sensors comprising a temperature sensor 106 and a liquid level sensor 105; Each group of sensors is fixed to the bulkhead of the ballast tank, the temperature sensor 106 and the liquid level sensor 105 of the same group have the same liquid level height, and the liquid level heights of different groups of sensors are different; The multi-stage piezoelectric transducer array comprises a plurality of piezoelectric transducers 104, and the number of the jet modules 102 is a plurality; Each liquid level sensor 105 corresponding to the liquid level height is provided with a piezoelectric transducer 104 and a jet module 102; The central processing unit is used for determining the water environment temperature at different liquid levels according to the temperature data and liquid level data collected by the plurality of groups of sensors, and in the case that the water environment temperature at any liquid level is less than a preset temperature threshold, the electromagnetic valve 108 is controlled to be opened, and the piezoelectric transducer 104 corresponding to the liquid level is controlled to work.
[0038] It can be understood that by injecting air into the flow guide main pipe 101, gas bubbles are sprayed out through the jet module 102, and the disturbance generated during the rising of the gas bubbles enhances the water mixing. However, if a porous diffuser pipe or a simple jet hole structure is used, it mainly generates a vertical upward bubble flow, which concentrates the momentum in the vertical direction, and it is difficult to drive a large range of horizontal circulation flow, resulting in weak flow areas in the vicinity of the bulkhead, the corner of the tank and the waterline area, which become easy icing areas. In addition, the fixed arrangement of the jet hole at the bottom of the tank cannot adapt to the change of the liquid level, and its disturbance range and the actual easy icing position often do not match under different draft conditions, which significantly affects the overall anti-icing effect.
[0039] Therefore, in the present embodiment, a plurality of piezoelectric transducers 104 and jet modules 102 are arranged at different liquid levels, and data is collected by sensors. If the water environment temperature in a certain area is low, the piezoelectric transducer 104 and the jet module 102 corresponding to the water level area are controlled to work, thereby improving the anti-icing effect of the corresponding water level area.
[0040] On the other hand, the high-frequency sound field can improve the ice crystal nucleation energy barrier through acoustic cavitation, micro-jet and interface vibration, directly inhibiting the initial formation of ice crystals from a micro perspective. Due to the fact that the propagation path of sound waves in water is easily affected by the reflection of the cabin wall and the distribution of bubbles, the anti-icing effect depends on the organization of the sound field; and the bubble disturbance is limited by the jet position and flow structure. If both are used together, the coupling advantages of sound wave enhanced mixing and bubble improved sound field propagation can be fully utilized, and then a stable and controllable anti-icing environment can be established in a large range.
[0041] The dynamic anti-icing structure provided by the embodiment can deeply integrate the bubble-driven vortex guiding mechanism with the micro-icing mechanism regulated by sound wave interference, so that the bubble momentum is not only used to build stable horizontal vortexes to cover key areas such as cabin corners and water wall near areas, but also to realize the intervention of the ice crystal nucleation process through sound field regulation; and the action position can be adaptively adjusted according to the liquid level change and different working conditions, so as to improve the coverage, efficiency and energy efficiency of anti-icing, and realize more reliable dynamic anti-icing performance of the polar pressure cabin.
[0042] The traditional bubble disturbance system highly depends on continuous compressed air supply, and the overall energy consumption is high, so it is difficult to realize low-energy and sustainable micro-icing control in the polar long-term navigation scene, which limits the actual application efficiency of the system. Therefore, the method of coupling sound wave interference regulation and vortex guidance can reduce air supply, and thus reduce energy consumption.
[0043] In some embodiments, the central controller 109 is further configured to control the electromagnetic valve 108 to open and control the piezoelectric transducer 104 corresponding to the liquid level to stop working when the water body environment temperature at any liquid level is greater than or equal to a preset temperature threshold.
[0044] It can be understood that when the water body environment temperature is greater than or equal to the preset temperature threshold, it belongs to the normal anti-icing mode, at this time only the electromagnetic valve 108 needs to be controlled to open, and the bubbles are sprayed out through the jet module 102 to drive the water circulation and perform macro heat exchange, so that good anti-icing effect can be achieved.
[0045] In some embodiments, the central controller 109 is further configured to control the electromagnetic valve 108 to open and control the piezoelectric transducer 104 corresponding to the liquid level to stop working when the water body environment temperature at any liquid level is greater than or equal to a preset temperature threshold. In some embodiments, the central controller 109 is further configured to control the electromagnetic valve 108 to open and control the piezoelectric transducer 104 corresponding to the liquid level to stop working when the water body environment temperature at any liquid level is greater than or equal to a preset temperature threshold.
[0046] It can be understood that the frequency of the electromagnetic valve 108 can be 0.1 Hz, 1 Hz, 0.2 Hz or 0.5 Hz, etc. The 5-10 minute / period mode means opening in a periodic manner, for example, each opening period lasts for 5-10 minutes.
[0047] In some embodiments, the central controller 109 is further configured to control the piezoelectric transducer 104 in the corresponding region when the water body environment temperature at any liquid level is less than a preset temperature threshold, so as to maintain the local turbulence level and improve the anti-icing effect.
[0048] It can be understood that the internal structure of the ballast tank is complex, and fluid dead zones are easily formed between the corner regions and the longitudinal ribs. The conventional bubble disturbance method is difficult to maintain the local turbulence level, and these regions are prone to become blind areas of ice formation that are difficult to intervene.
[0049] That is, the water-gas interface of the ballast tank and the convex contact surface of the water body and the ballast tank (i.e., the corner regions and the longitudinal ribs) are generally regions prone to ice formation. Although the bubble disturbance anti-icing method in the prior art can promote the local circulation and heat exchange of the water body in the ballast tank, its effect is mainly concentrated on the macroscopic disturbance of the flow field, and cannot effectively destroy the supercooled water ice crystal nucleation process at the water-gas interface and the upper region of the water body. Under extreme low temperature conditions (e.g., below -40°C), the ice suppression ability of the existing method is obviously insufficient, and initial ice formation and further expansion are prone to occur.
[0050] Therefore, when the water body environment temperature is less than the preset temperature threshold, in addition to controlling the electromagnetic valve 108 to be opened, the piezoelectric transducer 104 in the corresponding region is also controlled to work, so as to maintain the local turbulence level and improve the anti-icing effect.
[0051] In some embodiments, the present application provides a dynamic anti-icing system for a polar ship ballast tank based on sound wave interference regulation and vortex guiding coupling, and a principle diagram thereof is shown in Figure 2 The system includes a vertically arranged flow guide main pipe 101, a multi-stage jet module 102, a vortex guiding nozzle 103, a multi-stage piezoelectric transducer array, a liquid level sensor 105, a temperature sensor 106, an external power supply 107, an electromagnetic valve 108, and a central controller 109. The external power supply 107 can supply power to the sensors, the electromagnetic valve 108, and the central controller 109.
[0052] The vertically arranged flow guide main pipe 101 is installed in the ballast tank, and the length is customized according to the height of the tank. A set of multi-stage jet modules 102 is arranged on the main pipe every 1-3 m, and the end of each module is a vortex guiding nozzle 103. The vertically arranged flow guide main pipe 101 is a hollow structure as a main air duct, Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the gas is distributed to the inlet 102A of each stage of the jet module 102 through the main pipe, and after entering the inlet 102A of the jet module 102, part of the gas is vertically sprayed from the outlet 102B of the stage, and the other part of the gas is sprayed from the vortex guide nozzle 103, the outlet guide surface of which is designed as a smooth transition circular arc surface, and the curvature radius R is preferably 20-50 mm. Due to the Coanda effect, this part of the gas is sprayed along the nozzle arc and forms a large-scale horizontal vortex, and the combination of the two can promote the transfer of the warm water body in the bottom of the cabin to the upper layer and the side, and realize macro heat exchange.
[0053] The multi-stage piezoelectric transducer array is integrated and installed at different heights of the vertically arranged flow guide main pipe 101, each array contains 4-8 transducers, emits high-frequency sound waves or ultrasonic waves (frequency range 20 kHz-1 MHz) to the water body, and generates acoustic cavitation, microjet or high-frequency vibration at the water-gas interface and the water-cabin wall interface, directly interfering with the ice crystal nucleation process. The control mode adopts sound field interference regulation, and the phase (0-360° adjustable) and frequency of each transducer in the array are accurately adjusted by the central controller 109, so as to realize focusing or directional elimination of sound wave energy, place the wave crest in the easy icing area, inhibit ice nucleus generation by using the effect of violent vibration and cavitation, and move the wave node out of the key area to avoid energy loss.
[0054] The coupling control subsystem includes a liquid level sensor 105 (installed at multiple positions on the cabin wall to monitor water level changes), a temperature sensor 106 (to monitor water temperature and environmental temperature), and a central controller 109 (to integrate algorithm processing data). According to the sensor data, the central controller 109 selectively starts the jet module 102 and the piezoelectric transducer array at the corresponding height, so as to realize the coupling of the subsystem.
[0055] The system supports three working modes: Mode one (normal anti-icing): the vortex guide subsystem is started, the electromagnetic valve 108 is controlled to be opened at a frequency of 0.1-1 Hz, and the water body is driven to circulate in a long period (5-10 minutes / period) to perform macro heat exchange.
[0056] Mode two (extreme low temperature / icing alarm): the sound wave ice suppression subsystem is started, high-frequency (20 kHz-100 MHz) and short-time (1-5 minutes) sound field interference regulation is performed at the water line interface and the corner area, and ice crystal nucleation is directly destroyed.
[0057] Mode three (coupling enhancement): the vortex guide nozzle 103 and the piezoelectric transducer array are started at the same time, and the synergistic effect of bubble disturbance and sound wave vibration is utilized to enhance the convection and ice suppression effect.
[0058] In addition, the application also provides an anti-icing method based on the above-mentioned system, as shown in Figure 5 The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Initialize the system, monitor the water level, temperature and environmental conditions in the ballast tank.
[0059] Step 2: Determine the working mode according to real-time data. If the environmental temperature is higher than the threshold value (for example, -20℃), enter mode one; if it is lower than the threshold value, enter mode two or three.
[0060] Step 3: Perform coupling control, adjust the phase / frequency of sound waves and the intensity of bubble jet, and realize dynamic anti-icing.
[0061] Step 4: Periodically evaluate the effect, if the icing risk is reduced, switch to low energy consumption mode.
[0062] After the above structure is mechanically connected, the electrical connection of each component is performed, mainly the piezoelectric transducer array, the central controller 109 and the sensor, the electromagnetic valve 108 and the external power supply 107, etc., to ensure stable signal transmission and power supply.
[0063] The present application has the following technical effects: By adopting the method of sound wave interference regulation and vortex guiding coupling, micro and macro collaborative anti-icing can be realized, a multi-physical field (fluid, acoustics, thermodynamics) coupling anti-icing barrier is formed, and the anti-icing stability is improved.
[0064] Significant improvement of energy efficiency: under non-extreme conditions, mainly relying on a low-energy sound wave system (power < 50W / array), reducing the compressed air bubble blowing time by more than 50%, and reducing the overall energy consumption by 30%-40%.
[0065] Eliminate anti-icing dead angle: sound wave interference regulation can accurately focus on the corner and fluid dead angle area, with a coverage rate close to 100%, effectively eliminating the blind area and improving the accuracy and reliability of the system.
[0066] In some embodiments, the present application provides a polar ship ballast tank dynamic anti-icing system based on sound wave interference regulation and vortex guiding coupling, which comprises a sound wave anti-icing subsystem, a vortex guiding subsystem and a coupling control subsystem. The sound wave anti-icing subsystem is composed of a multi-stage piezoelectric transducer array and an external power supply 107, which is used to generate a controllable sound field in the key area of the tank to inhibit ice crystal nucleation; the vortex guiding subsystem comprises a vortex guiding nozzle 103, a vertically arranged flow guiding main pipe 101 and a hierarchical control module, which forms a large-scale circulating flow field by controlling the position and direction of bubble jet; the coupling control subsystem is composed of a liquid level sensor 105, a temperature sensor 106 and a central controller 109, which is used to collect the working conditions in the tank in real time and coordinate the running state of the above two subsystems, so as to realize the dynamic coupling of sound field regulation and vortex guiding. According to the environmental temperature and the water body state in the tank, the system can switch between normal anti-icing, extreme low temperature / icing alarm and coupling enhancement three modes, so as to improve the overall anti-icing effect and energy efficiency.
[0067] The polar ship ballast tank dynamic anti-icing system provided by the present application is described in detail above, and the principles and implementation manners of the present application are described by applying specific examples. The above description of the examples is only used to help understand the method of the present application and the core idea thereof. Meanwhile, for those skilled in the art, the specific implementation manners and application ranges will be changed according to the idea of the present application. In summary, the content of the present description should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.
Claims
1. A dynamic anti-icing system for a ballast tank of a polar vessel, characterized in that, The device comprises a flow guide main pipe, a jet module, a multi-stage piezoelectric transducer array and a central controller. The flow guide main pipe is installed in a ballast tank and is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the ballast tank, the inside of the flow guide main pipe is a hollow main air passage, the first end of the flow guide main pipe is open and penetrates the ballast tank, and the inside of the flow guide main pipe is provided with an electromagnetic valve. The jet module is fixed to the flow guide main pipe, the first end of the jet module is in communication with the main air passage of the flow guide main pipe, and the tail end of the jet module is provided with a vortex guide nozzle. The multi-stage piezoelectric transducer array is installed along the outer wall of the flow guide main pipe and is used for emitting sound waves. The central controller is in communication connection with the multi-stage piezoelectric transducer array and the electromagnetic valve, and is used for controlling the electromagnetic valve to open and controlling the multi-stage piezoelectric transducer array to work when the water body environment temperature in the ballast tank is less than a preset temperature threshold. The outlet guide surface of the vortex guide nozzle is a smooth transition circular arc surface.
2. A polar vessel ballast tank dynamic anti-icing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radius of curvature of the circular arc surface ranges from 20 mm to 50 mm.
3. A polar vessel ballast tank dynamic anti-icing system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The number of the flow guide main pipes is multiple, and the second ends of the multiple flow guide main pipes are in communication.
4. The polar ship ballast tank dynamic anti-icing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the flow guide main pipes is provided with one of the multi-stage piezoelectric transducer arrays, and each of the multi-stage piezoelectric transducer arrays comprises 4-8 piezoelectric transducers.
5. A polar vessel ballast tank dynamic anti-icing system according to claim 4, characterized in that, Further comprising:
6. A polar vessel ballast tank dynamic anti-icing system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The piezoelectric transducer is used for emitting sound waves with a frequency range of 20 kHz-1 MHz. Further comprising:
7. A dynamic anti-icing system for a ballast tank of a polar vessel according to any of claims 1-6, characterized in that, A plurality of groups of sensors, each group of sensors comprising a temperature sensor and a liquid level sensor; Each group of sensors is fixed to the wall of the ballast tank, the temperature sensor and the liquid level sensor of the same group have the same liquid level height, and the liquid level heights of different groups of sensors are different; The multi-stage piezoelectric transducer array comprises a plurality of piezoelectric transducers, and the number of the jet modules is multiple; Each liquid level height corresponding to each liquid level sensor is provided with a piezoelectric transducer and a jet module; The central processor is used for determining the water body environment temperature at different liquid levels according to the temperature data and the liquid level data collected by the plurality of groups of sensors, controlling the electromagnetic valve to open and controlling the piezoelectric transducer at the corresponding liquid level to work when the water body environment temperature at any liquid level is less than the preset temperature threshold. The central controller is further used for controlling the electromagnetic valve to open and controlling the piezoelectric transducer at the corresponding liquid level to stop working when the water body environment temperature at any liquid level is greater than or equal to the preset temperature threshold.
8. A polar vessel ballast tank dynamic anti-icing system according to claim 7, characterized in that, Controlling the electromagnetic valve to open when the water body environment temperature at any liquid level is greater than or equal to the preset temperature threshold comprises:
9. A polar vessel ballast tank dynamic anti-icing system according to claim 8, characterized in that, Controlling the electromagnetic valve to open in a frequency range of 0.1-1 Hz and a mode of 5-10 minutes / period when the water body environment temperature at any liquid level is greater than or equal to the preset temperature threshold. The central controller is further used for controlling the piezoelectric transducer at the corresponding area to work when the water body environment temperature at any liquid level is less than the preset temperature threshold.
10. The polar vessel ballast tank dynamic anti-icing system of claim 7, wherein,