Cell measurement method, device, equipment, chip and chip module

Abstract

The invention relates to a cell measurement method, device, equipment, chip and chip module, and the method comprises the steps: receiving multi-symbol time domain data sent by a plurality of antenna channels, carrying out the time-frequency conversion of the time domain data through a time-frequency conversion module according to a configuration mode, and obtaining frequency domain data; the frequency domain data is transmitted to the coarse channel estimation module in a pipeline mode, the coarse channel estimation module carries out first channel estimation according to the configuration mode and the frequency domain data to obtain first estimation data, and the first estimation data is transmitted to the channel parameter estimation module and the fine channel estimation module in a serial processing mode; second channel estimation is carried out through a channel parameter estimation module according to the configuration mode and the first estimation data to obtain second estimation data, and third channel estimation is carried out through a fine channel estimation module according to the configuration mode and the first estimation data to obtain third estimation data; and finally, determining a target estimation result according to the second estimation data and the third estimation data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a cell measurement method, apparatus, device, chip, and chip module. Background Technology

[0002] In cellular mobile communication systems, cell measurement is a critical process to ensure seamless mobility of User Equipment (UE). Cell measurement processes reference signals from the serving cell and neighboring cells to calculate various quality indicators, providing a basis for cell handover and reselection. With the development of 5G technology, UEs need to support dual-mode networks of both 4G LTE and 5G NR.

[0003] However, in related technologies, when measuring the network of a cell for user equipment that simultaneously supports 4G LTE and 5G NR, there is a problem of wasted hardware resources. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a cell measurement method, device, equipment, chip, and chip module that can reduce the waste of hardware resources to address the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a cell measurement method applied to user equipment, the method comprising:

[0006] It receives time-domain data of multiple symbols transmitted by multiple antenna channels and obtains the configuration mode of the user equipment; the configuration mode includes 5G mode or 4G mode.

[0007] The time-frequency conversion module performs time-frequency conversion on the time-domain data according to the configuration mode to obtain the frequency-domain data, and then uses a pipeline method to pass the frequency-domain data to the coarse channel estimation module.

[0008] The coarse channel estimation module performs the first channel estimation based on the configuration mode and frequency domain data to obtain the first estimation data, and then transmits the first estimation data to the channel parameter estimation module and the fine channel estimation module in a serial processing manner.

[0009] The channel parameter estimation module performs a second channel estimation based on the configuration mode and the first estimation data to obtain the second estimation data;

[0010] The fine channel estimation module performs a third channel estimation based on the configuration mode and the first estimation data to obtain the third estimation data, and determines the target estimation result based on the second and third estimation data.

[0011] In some embodiments, the time-frequency conversion module performs time-frequency conversion on the time-domain data according to the configuration mode to obtain frequency-domain data, including:

[0012] When the configuration mode is 5G, frequency offset compensation and gain compensation are performed on the time domain data, and the compensated time domain data is subjected to fast Fourier transform to obtain frequency domain data; the maximum data volume of the time domain data is the first data volume threshold; the number of points of the fast Fourier transform is a fixed number.

[0013] When the configuration mode is 4G, the time domain data is subjected to Fast Fourier Transform to obtain the frequency domain data; the maximum data volume of the time domain data is the second data volume threshold, and the first data volume threshold is greater than the second data volume threshold; the number of Fast Fourier Transform points is set as the number of transform points, which is determined by the configuration information associated with the bandwidth of the cell where the user equipment is located.

[0014] In some embodiments, a coarse channel estimation module performs a first channel estimation based on the configuration mode and frequency domain data to obtain first estimation data, including:

[0015] When the configuration mode is 5G mode, the demodulation reference signal and the auxiliary synchronization signal are acquired, and DC removal operation is performed on the demodulation reference signal and frequency domain data, and frequency domain interpolation operation is performed on the auxiliary synchronization signal and frequency domain data. The first estimated data is determined based on the data after DC removal operation and the data after frequency domain interpolation operation. The frequency domain step size parameter is set to the first frequency domain step size, and the number of reference signals is set to the first number of reference signals.

[0016] When the configuration mode is 4G, DC removal is performed on the frequency domain data; wherein, the frequency domain step size parameter is set to the second frequency domain step size, and the number of reference signals is set to the second number of reference signals.

[0017] In some embodiments, a second channel estimation is performed by the channel parameter estimation module based on the configuration mode and the first estimation data to obtain the second estimation data, including:

[0018] When the configuration mode is 5G, the power delay distribution of the first estimated data is calculated by merging symbols, and the middle position within the fast Fourier transform window in the time-frequency conversion module is calculated to obtain the second estimated data; the middle position within the fast Fourier transform window is used to adjust the timing information of the time domain data truncation window;

[0019] When the configuration mode is 4G, the power delay distribution of the first estimated data is calculated by using inter-antenna merging and / or inter-port merging methods to obtain the second estimated data.

[0020] In some embodiments, a third channel estimation is performed by a fine channel estimation module based on the configuration mode and the first estimation data to obtain the third estimation data, including:

[0021] In the 5G configuration mode, based on the signal type and channel conditions of the first estimated data, a target frequency domain optimization algorithm is selected to process the first estimated data, and a target reference signal is selected from the first estimated data to reconstruct the frequency domain structure, thereby obtaining the third estimated data.

[0022] When the configuration mode is 4G, the first estimated data is processed using a preset frequency domain optimization algorithm to obtain the third estimated data.

[0023] In some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0024] During the time-frequency conversion module processing, the time-domain data of the multiple symbols of the current antenna channel is cached in the first storage area of ​​the ping-pong storage unit for processing, and the time-domain data of the multiple symbols of the next antenna channel is preloaded into the second storage area of ​​the ping-pong storage unit.

[0025] For the physical storage space within the first or second storage area used to cache time-domain data, the physical storage space is released after the time-domain data has completed time-frequency conversion.

[0026] Secondly, this application also provides a cell measurement device, which includes:

[0027] The receiving module is used to receive time-domain data of multiple symbols transmitted by multiple antenna channels, and to obtain the configuration mode of the user equipment; the configuration mode includes 5G mode or 4G mode.

[0028] The conversion module is used to perform time-frequency conversion on the time-domain data according to the configuration mode through the time-frequency conversion module to obtain frequency-domain data, and then transmit the frequency-domain data to the coarse channel estimation module in a pipeline manner.

[0029] The first estimation module is used to perform the first channel estimation based on the configuration mode and frequency domain data through the coarse channel estimation module to obtain the first estimation data, and to transmit the first estimation data to the channel parameter estimation module and the fine channel estimation module in a serial processing manner.

[0030] The second estimation module is used to perform a second channel estimation based on the configuration mode and the first estimation data through the channel parameter estimation module to obtain the second estimation data.

[0031] The third estimation module is used to perform a third channel estimation based on the configuration mode and the first estimation data through the fine channel estimation module to obtain the third estimation data, and to determine the target estimation result based on the second estimation data and the third estimation data.

[0032] Thirdly, this application also provides a user equipment, which includes a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to perform the following steps:

[0033] It receives time-domain data of multiple symbols transmitted by multiple antenna channels and obtains the configuration mode of the user equipment; the configuration mode includes 5G mode or 4G mode.

[0034] The time-frequency conversion module performs time-frequency conversion on the time-domain data according to the configuration mode to obtain the frequency-domain data, and then uses a pipeline method to pass the frequency-domain data to the coarse channel estimation module.

[0035] The coarse channel estimation module performs the first channel estimation based on the configuration mode and frequency domain data to obtain the first estimation data, and then transmits the first estimation data to the channel parameter estimation module and the fine channel estimation module in a serial processing manner.

[0036] The channel parameter estimation module performs a second channel estimation based on the configuration mode and the first estimation data to obtain the second estimation data;

[0037] The fine channel estimation module performs a third channel estimation based on the configuration mode and the first estimation data to obtain the third estimation data, and determines the target estimation result based on the second and third estimation data.

[0038] Fourthly, this application also provides a chip, including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the processor is configured to cause the chip to perform:

[0039] It receives time-domain data of multiple symbols transmitted by multiple antenna channels and obtains the configuration mode of the user equipment; the configuration mode includes 5G mode or 4G mode.

[0040] The time-frequency conversion module performs time-frequency conversion on the time-domain data according to the configuration mode to obtain the frequency-domain data, and then uses a pipeline method to pass the frequency-domain data to the coarse channel estimation module.

[0041] The coarse channel estimation module performs the first channel estimation based on the configuration mode and frequency domain data to obtain the first estimation data, and then transmits the first estimation data to the channel parameter estimation module and the fine channel estimation module in a serial processing manner.

[0042] The channel parameter estimation module performs a second channel estimation based on the configuration mode and the first estimation data to obtain the second estimation data;

[0043] The fine channel estimation module performs a third channel estimation based on the configuration mode and the first estimation data to obtain the third estimation data, and determines the target estimation result based on the second and third estimation data.

[0044] Fifthly, this application also provides a chip module, including a communication module, a power module, a storage module, and a chip, wherein:

[0045] The power module is used to provide power to the chip module;

[0046] Storage modules are used to store data and instructions;

[0047] The communication module is used for internal communication within the chip module, or for communication between the chip module and external devices;

[0048] The chip is used to perform the steps of the method provided in the first aspect above.

[0049] Sixthly, this application also provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, performs the following steps:

[0050] It receives time-domain data of multiple symbols transmitted by multiple antenna channels and obtains the configuration mode of the user equipment; the configuration mode includes 5G mode or 4G mode.

[0051] The time-frequency conversion module performs time-frequency conversion on the time-domain data according to the configuration mode to obtain the frequency-domain data, and then uses a pipeline method to pass the frequency-domain data to the coarse channel estimation module.

[0052] The coarse channel estimation module performs the first channel estimation based on the configuration mode and frequency domain data to obtain the first estimation data, and then transmits the first estimation data to the channel parameter estimation module and the fine channel estimation module in a serial processing manner.

[0053] The channel parameter estimation module performs a second channel estimation based on the configuration mode and the first estimation data to obtain the second estimation data;

[0054] The fine channel estimation module performs a third channel estimation based on the configuration mode and the first estimation data to obtain the third estimation data, and determines the target estimation result based on the second and third estimation data.

[0055] In a seventh aspect, this application also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program that, when executed by a processor, performs the following steps:

[0056] It receives time-domain data of multiple symbols transmitted by multiple antenna channels and obtains the configuration mode of the user equipment; the configuration mode includes 5G mode or 4G mode.

[0057] The time-frequency conversion module performs time-frequency conversion on the time-domain data according to the configuration mode to obtain the frequency-domain data, and then uses a pipeline method to pass the frequency-domain data to the coarse channel estimation module.

[0058] The coarse channel estimation module performs the first channel estimation based on the configuration mode and frequency domain data to obtain the first estimation data, and then transmits the first estimation data to the channel parameter estimation module and the fine channel estimation module in a serial processing manner.

[0059] The channel parameter estimation module performs a second channel estimation based on the configuration mode and the first estimation data to obtain the second estimation data;

[0060] The fine channel estimation module performs a third channel estimation based on the configuration mode and the first estimation data to obtain the third estimation data, and determines the target estimation result based on the second and third estimation data.

[0061] The aforementioned cell measurement method, apparatus, equipment, chip, and chip module involve receiving multi-symbol time-domain data transmitted from multiple antenna channels and acquiring the user equipment's configuration mode. First, a time-frequency conversion module performs time-frequency conversion on the time-domain data according to the configuration mode to obtain frequency-domain data. This frequency-domain data is then pipelined to a coarse channel estimation module. The coarse channel estimation module performs a first channel estimation based on the configuration mode and the frequency-domain data, obtaining first estimated data. This first estimated data is then serially processed and passed to a channel parameter estimation module and a fine channel estimation module. Next, the channel parameter estimation module performs a second channel estimation based on the configuration mode and the first estimated data, obtaining second estimated data. Finally, the fine channel estimation module performs a third channel estimation based on the configuration mode and the first estimated data, obtaining third estimated data. The target estimation result is then determined based on the second and third estimated data. The configuration mode includes either 5G mode or 4G mode. The above method, on the one hand, utilizes a unified processing architecture comprising multiple modules, adaptively adjusting parameters and processing flows according to 5G or 4G configuration modes. This allows the same set of hardware resources to be reused in a time-sharing manner, completing channel quality measurements under different communication standards. This avoids designing independent hardware modules for the two modes, effectively saving chip area and logic resources. On the other hand, a pipelined approach enables continuous data flow, reducing idle waiting between modules. A serial processing method ensures necessary data dependencies and processing order. This hybrid scheduling mechanism significantly improves data processing efficiency while ensuring result accuracy, meeting the real-time requirements of cell measurements. Furthermore, a multi-level progressive channel estimation mechanism, encompassing coarse channel estimation, channel parameter estimation, and fine channel estimation, refines and corrects the channel estimation results at each level, improving the accuracy and reliability of the target channel estimation results. Attached Figure Description

[0062] Figure 1 This is an overall block diagram of cell measurement in existing technologies;

[0063] Figure 2This is an internal structure diagram of the user equipment in an embodiment of this application;

[0064] Figure 3 This is one of the flowcharts illustrating the cell measurement method in the embodiments of this application;

[0065] Figure 4 This is the second flowchart illustrating the cell measurement method in the embodiments of this application;

[0066] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the fused TFC calculation process in the embodiments of this application;

[0067] Figure 6 This is the third flowchart illustrating the cell measurement method in the embodiments of this application;

[0068] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the fused RAWCE calculation process in the embodiments of this application;

[0069] Figure 8 This is the fourth flowchart illustrating the cell measurement method in the embodiments of this application;

[0070] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the fused CEP calculation process in the embodiments of this application;

[0071] Figure 10 This is the fifth flowchart illustrating the cell measurement method in the embodiments of this application;

[0072] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the fused CE calculation process in an embodiment of this application;

[0073] Figure 12 This is the sixth flowchart illustrating the cell measurement method in the embodiments of this application;

[0074] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ping-pong storage unit in the embodiments of this application;

[0075] Figure 14 This is the seventh flowchart illustrating the cell measurement method in the embodiments of this application;

[0076] Figure 15 This is a structural block diagram of the cell measurement device in the embodiments of this application;

[0077] Figure 16 This is a structural block diagram of the chip module in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0078] In the embodiments of this application, the term "and / or" describes the relationship between associated objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent three cases: A alone, A and B simultaneously, and B alone. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following associated objects have an "or" relationship.

[0079] In the embodiments of this application, the term "multiple" refers to two or more, and other quantifiers are similar.

[0080] In the embodiments of this application, the term "at least one" means one or more. For example, at least one of A, B and C can represent six situations: A exists alone, B exists alone, C exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, A and C exist simultaneously, B and C exist simultaneously, and A, B and C exist simultaneously.

[0081] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0082] In cellular mobile communication systems, ensuring seamless mobility for User Equipment (UE) is a crucial indicator related to cell search, cell measurement, cell handover, and cell reselection processes. Cell measurement refers to the UE evaluating the quality of the serving cell and neighboring cells by processing sampled signals within a specified period and bandwidth according to prescribed calculation rules. Cell measurement determines whether the UE can handover or reselect to a cell with better channel quality; therefore, cell measurement is essential for achieving seamless UE mobility.

[0083] As 5G technology matures, 5G UEs need to be capable of supporting both 4G Long Term Evolution (LTE) and 5G New Radio (NR) networks in a dual-mode configuration. Cellular chips, in turn, need to support both NR and LTE architectures, protocol stack configurations, and storage resources to ensure compatibility and interoperability between different manufacturers and devices. To guarantee service quality during handover between NR and LTE, the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) has developed cell measurement strategies and algorithms to ensure smooth handover between NR and LTE networks and maintain communication continuity. Although the reference signals used for NR measurements are mainly the Synchronization Signal Block (SSB) and Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS), while those used for LTE measurements are mainly the Cell-Specific Reference Signal (CRS) and CSI-RS, the reference signals differ significantly. However, commonly used measurement metrics for both NR and LTE systems include Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI), Reference Signal Receiving Power (RSRP), Reference Signal Receiving Quality (RSRQ), and Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise Ratio (SINR). From an algorithmic perspective, integrating NR and LTE hardware modules is feasible. Hardware integration of NR and LTE measurement processes implies a significant reduction in control and storage units, resulting in substantial savings in chip area.

[0084] Currently, the overall framework diagram of traditional community surveying is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, it mainly includes the following modules:

[0085] The cell measurement module caches time-domain data in a time-domain data buffer (TBUF in the figure) based on the cell location information configured in the software. The time-frequency conversion module (TFC in the figure) performs frequency offset compensation (NCO in the figure) and gain compensation (GAIN COMP in the figure) on the time-domain data. The compensated data is then subjected to Fast Fourier Transform (FFT in the figure), and the Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI in the figure) is calculated based on the effective reference signal in the frequency domain.

[0086] The raw channel estimation module (the module that outputs RSSI in the figure) extracts the reference signal from the frequency domain data and performs correlation processing with the local sequence. The coarse channel estimation module (RAWCE module in the figure) performs coarse channel estimation (H=Y*X-1). The channel parameter estimation module (CEP in the figure) uses the results of RAWCE to estimate parameters such as time domain noise and multipath delay of the measurement signal. The estimated parameters are sent to the fine channel estimation module (CE in the figure) for use and reported to the software. The CE module filters the data after RAWCE and calculates more accurate fine channel estimates. Based on different data scenarios, filtering is divided into MMSE filtering and HIFFT-FFT filtering. The time-domain minimum mean square error filtering (TD_MMSE in the figure) module performs inter-symbol filtering on the fine channel estimate in the NR scenario according to the software configuration, and the result is sent to the measurement calculation (MCALC in the figure) module for calculation. The noise estimation (NE in the figure) module processes the difference between the coarse channel estimate and the fine channel estimate, and the calculated logarithmic domain noise estimate is reported to the software. The linear domain noise estimate is sent to the MCALC module for RSRP / RSRQ calculation. The group delay estimation (GDEST in the figure) module uses the data after RAWCE to calculate the autocorrelation value within the symbol, and calculates the group delay estimate and sends it to the CEP module. After all antenna calculations are completed, a delay value is merged and reported to the software. The software uses this as a reference for the next measurement timing configuration (SMTC) windowing based on the synchronization signal block.

[0087] The MCALC module calculates parameters such as channel power (HPOW in the figure), frequency offset estimate (FOE in the figure), reference signal received power (RSRP in the figure), reference signal received quality (RSRQ in the figure), and signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR in the figure) based on coarse and fine channel estimates. The maximum ratio combining (MRC in the figure) module mainly combines the time and frequency offsets between antennas. The reporting module (RPT in the figure) performs buffering control on the data to be reported before reporting.

[0088] The processing flow mainly requires the following storage devices: `td_buf` for storing time-domain data: The TFC module reads the time-domain data for NCO and GAIN compensation, and then performs FFT transformation and RSSI calculation on the compensated data. `Rawce_ram`: After the Rawce module completes coarse channel estimation, the data is stored in Rawce_ram for the CEP module to calculate time-domain noise / multipath delay and other parameters, the Gdest module to calculate group delay estimation, and the CE module to perform fine channel estimation. `Hce_ram`: Used to store the results of fine channel estimation, used for NE calculation and FOE, HPOW, RSRP, RSRQ, and SINR results.

[0089] The processing flow and storage unit design have two main drawbacks: (1) If the calculations of each module are processed completely serially, the TFC module needs to cache all frequency domain data after FFT. The Rawce processing stage sequentially stores the results of each sym into the Rawce storage unit, which is reused with the td_buf storage unit. The Ce processing stage reads the data from the Rawce storage unit and stores the calculation results in the Hce storage unit for use by the subsequent stage. The disadvantage of this scheme is that the serial processing makes the total calculation time the sum of the calculation time of each module. (2) If the TFC module is processed in a pipeline with the subsequent module, the td_buffer used by TFC needs to be reused with the Rawce_ram and Hce_ram used by the subsequent stage in separate ram storage to avoid conflicts between time domain data and frequency domain data. The disadvantage is that the total area of ​​the storage unit is large, which is not conducive to manufacturing costs.

[0090] Furthermore, considering the difference in data processing volume (SSB and CRS resource count) between NR and LTE, the storage space of each RAM block is not consistent in NR and LTE scenarios. In related technologies, for user equipment that simultaneously supports 4G LTE and 5G NR, there is a problem of wasted hardware resources when measuring the network of the cell.

[0091] In view of this, embodiments of this application propose a cell measurement method, apparatus, device, chip, and chip module. Under the premise of meeting software processing performance requirements, the time-frequency conversion module, coarse channel estimation module, channel parameter estimation module, and fine channel estimation module are rescheduled, adopting a partially pipelined and partially serial mode, and the data storage space is reused. Combined with the simplification of 5G NR and 4G LTE data paths within the module, the area resources are optimized and the manufacturing cost is reduced.

[0092] It should be noted that the beneficial effects or technical problems solved by the embodiments of this application are not limited to this one, but may also be other implicit or related problems. For details, please refer to the description of the embodiments below.

[0093] The technical solution of this application and how the technical solution of this application solves the above-mentioned technical problems are described in detail below with specific embodiments. These specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described again in some embodiments. The embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0094] In some embodiments, the cell measurement method provided in this application can be applied to, for example... Figure 2 The internal structure diagram of the user equipment shown can be as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the user equipment includes a processor, memory, input / output interface, communication interface, display unit, and input device. The processor, memory, and input / output interface are connected via a system bus, and the communication interface, display unit, and input device are also connected to the system bus via the input / output interface. The processor provides computing and control capabilities. The memory includes non-volatile storage media and internal memory. The non-volatile storage media stores the operating system and computer programs. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and computer programs stored in the non-volatile storage media. The input / output interface is used for exchanging information between the processor and external devices. The communication interface is used for wired or wireless communication with external terminals; wireless communication can be achieved through Wi-Fi, mobile cellular networks, NFC (Near Field Communication), or other technologies. When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements a cell measurement method. The display unit is used to form a visually visible image and can be a display screen, projection device, or virtual reality imaging device. The display screen can be an LCD screen or an e-ink screen. The input device of the user equipment can be a touch layer covering the display screen, or buttons, trackballs, or touchpads set on the casing of the user equipment, or external keyboards, touchpads, or mice, etc.

[0095] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 2 The structure shown is merely a block diagram of a portion of the structure related to the present application and does not constitute a limitation on the user equipment to which the present application is applied. Specific user equipment may include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0096] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, a cell measurement method is provided, which can be applied to... Figure 1 Taking the user equipment in the example, the explanation includes the following steps:

[0097] S201 receives time-domain data of multiple symbols transmitted by multiple antenna channels and obtains the configuration mode of the user equipment; the configuration mode includes 5G mode or 4G mode.

[0098] The multi-symbol time-domain data includes reference signals acquired from different antenna channels within a specified period. In 5G (NR) mode, the reference signals are primarily Synchronization Block (SSB) or Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS), while in 4G (LTE) mode, they are primarily Cell Specific Reference Signal (CRS) or Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS). The configuration mode indicates the communication standard (NR or LTE) followed by the current measurement processing, determining the parameter configuration and algorithm flow of subsequent processing modules.

[0099] In this embodiment, the user equipment can sequentially receive multi-symbol time-domain data transmitted by multiple antenna channels according to a preset timing sequence via a shared data bus. Each symbol data is accompanied by a timestamp and an antenna identifier. Optionally, the user equipment can also receive time-domain data from multiple antenna channels from a digital front end or a time-domain data buffer. The user equipment can determine whether the system frame structure corresponding to the current data conforms to the 5G frame format based on the timing characteristics of the received data, and thus identify it as 5G mode; if the system frame structure corresponding to the current data conforms to the 4G frame format, then it is identified as 4G mode. Optionally, the user equipment can also obtain its current configuration mode from the protocol stack or control unit. The acquisition of the configuration mode can be in response to a measurement task request, which includes information such as the frequency point and bandwidth of the target cell; the acquisition of the configuration mode can also be based on dynamic switching of network configuration.

[0100] S202 uses a time-frequency conversion module to perform time-frequency conversion on the time-domain data according to the configuration mode to obtain frequency-domain data, and then uses a pipeline method to pass the frequency-domain data to the coarse channel estimation module.

[0101] The time-frequency conversion module (TFC) converts time-domain data into frequency-domain data for frequency-domain channel estimation. The pipelined approach means that after processing the time-domain data of one symbol and outputting its frequency-domain data, the TFC module can immediately begin processing the time-domain data of the next symbol without waiting for subsequent processing of that symbol to complete.

[0102] In this embodiment, after the user equipment obtains the time-domain data and configuration mode based on the above steps, it can call the time-frequency conversion module to perform time-frequency conversion on the time-domain data according to the configuration mode to obtain frequency-domain data. Then, the frequency-domain data is passed to the coarse channel estimation module in a pipeline manner. Specifically, for the time-domain data of adjacent symbols, the time-frequency conversion module is started to perform time-frequency conversion processing on the time-domain data of the first symbol in the time-domain data of adjacent symbols to obtain the frequency-domain data of the first symbol. After the frequency-domain data of the first symbol is detected and processed, the coarse channel estimation module is started to perform coarse channel estimation processing on the frequency-domain data of the first symbol. At the same time, the time-frequency conversion module is started to perform time-frequency conversion processing on the time-domain data of the second symbol in the time-domain data of adjacent symbols.

[0103] S203, the coarse channel estimation module performs the first channel estimation based on the configuration mode and frequency domain data to obtain the first estimation data, and then transmits the first estimation data to the channel parameter estimation module and the fine channel estimation module in a serial processing manner.

[0104] The coarse channel estimation module is used to perform coarse channel response estimation based on frequency domain data. The first estimation data is the coarse channel response estimation result (which can be denoted as Hrawce).

[0105] In this embodiment, after the user equipment obtains the frequency domain data based on the above steps, it can acquire the corresponding valid reference signal according to different configuration modes. Then, it calls the coarse channel estimation module to perform the first channel estimation based on the configuration mode and the frequency domain data to obtain the first estimation data. After completing the coarse channel estimation for all symbols, the first estimation data is uniformly transmitted to the channel parameter estimation module and the fine channel estimation module in a serial processing manner.

[0106] S204, the channel parameter estimation module performs a second channel estimation based on the configuration mode and the first estimation data to obtain the second estimation data.

[0107] The channel parameter estimation module is used to estimate the parameters of noise, frequency offset, and time delay from the first estimation data.

[0108] In this embodiment, after the user equipment obtains the first estimated data based on the above steps, it can call the channel parameter estimation module to select the corresponding power delay distribution merging strategy for different configuration modes to perform a second channel estimation. Specifically, the power delay distribution merging strategy can be used to calculate the power delay distribution based on the first estimated data, and a merging operation can be performed to obtain the merged power delay distribution result. Next, the corresponding cell or beam index detection process is executed for different configuration modes. Finally, the merged power delay distribution result and the detection index are used as the second estimated data.

[0109] S205, the fine channel estimation module performs a third channel estimation based on the configuration mode and the first estimation data to obtain the third estimation data, and determines the target estimation result based on the second estimation data and the third estimation data.

[0110] The fine channel estimation module is used to perform fine filtering and / or interpolation on the first estimation data to obtain the third estimation data. The target estimation result is the data calculated by combining the estimation data from each module, and is used to evaluate the cell quality measurement indicators, including the second and third estimation data, such as time-domain noise, multipath delay, channel power, frequency offset estimation, reference signal received power, reference signal received quality, signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio, etc.

[0111] In this embodiment, after obtaining the first estimated data based on the above steps, the user equipment can call the fine channel estimation module to select the appropriate filtering algorithm according to the configuration mode to refine the channel estimation, such as fine filtering and / or interpolation, to obtain the third estimated data. Specifically, the user equipment can perform joint index calculations based on the third estimated data, such as channel power calculation, frequency offset estimation calculation, reference signal received power calculation, and signal-to-noise ratio calculation, to obtain the third estimated data. Then, the second and third estimated data are used as the target estimation result. Finally, the target estimation result is reported to the higher-layer protocol stack.

[0112] The cell measurement method provided in this application receives multi-symbol time-domain data transmitted from multiple antenna channels and obtains the configuration mode of the user equipment. First, a time-frequency conversion module performs time-frequency conversion on the time-domain data according to the configuration mode to obtain frequency-domain data. This frequency-domain data is then pipelined to a coarse channel estimation module. Next, the coarse channel estimation module performs a first channel estimation based on the configuration mode and the frequency-domain data to obtain first estimated data. This first estimated data is then serially processed and passed to a channel parameter estimation module and a fine channel estimation module. Following this, the channel parameter estimation module performs a second channel estimation based on the configuration mode and the first estimated data to obtain second estimated data. Finally, the fine channel estimation module performs a third channel estimation based on the configuration mode and the first estimated data to obtain third estimated data. The target estimation result is then determined based on the second and third estimated data. The configuration mode includes either 5G mode or 4G mode. The above method, on the one hand, utilizes a unified processing architecture comprising multiple modules, adaptively adjusting parameters and processing flows according to 5G or 4G configuration modes. This allows the same set of hardware resources to be reused in a time-sharing manner, completing channel quality measurements under different communication standards. This avoids designing independent hardware modules for the two modes, effectively saving chip area and logic resources. On the other hand, a pipelined approach enables continuous data flow, reducing idle waiting between modules. A serial processing method ensures necessary data dependencies and processing order. This hybrid scheduling mechanism significantly improves data processing efficiency while ensuring result accuracy, meeting the real-time requirements of cell measurements. Furthermore, a multi-level progressive channel estimation mechanism—including raw channel estimation, coarse channel estimation, and fine channel estimation—refines and corrects the channel estimation results at each level, improving the accuracy and reliability of the target channel estimation results.

[0113] In some embodiments, a specific implementation method is also provided for time-frequency conversion of time-domain data according to a configuration mode using a time-frequency conversion module, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the "time-frequency conversion of time-domain data according to the configuration mode by the time-frequency conversion module to obtain frequency-domain data" in S202 above includes:

[0114] S301, in 5G mode configuration, performs frequency offset compensation and gain compensation on time domain data, and performs Fast Fourier Transform on the compensated time domain data to obtain frequency domain data; the maximum data volume of time domain data is the first data volume threshold; the number of points of Fast Fourier Transform is a fixed number of points.

[0115] Frequency offset compensation corrects signal phase rotation caused by frequency asynchrony between the transmitter and receiver, while gain compensation eliminates the amplitude adjustment effect introduced by automatic gain control, ensuring stable amplitude and phase characteristics of the time-domain data entering the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) module. The first data volume threshold corresponds to the maximum allowed time-domain data length in 5G mode, and the fixed number of points is a pre-set transform length that matches the 5G signal structure, such as 256 points. The first data volume threshold is related to the maximum measurement period of the 5G signal (e.g., 8ms).

[0116] In this embodiment, when the user equipment is configured in 5G mode, the user equipment can generate a compensation phase based on a preset frequency offset, and then perform phase rotation correction on the input time-domain data to achieve frequency offset compensation. Simultaneously, based on the gain value recorded by the automatic gain control module, the amplitude of the time-domain data can be restored or normalized to achieve gain compensation. After obtaining the compensated time-domain data, the user equipment can select compensated data that meets the length requirement from the compensated time-domain data according to the principle that the maximum data volume of the time-domain data is a first data volume threshold. Then, according to the fixed number of points set for 5G mode (e.g., 256 points), a fast Fourier transform is performed on the compensated data that meets the length requirement to convert the time-domain data to the frequency domain, obtaining frequency-domain data that can be used for subsequent channel estimation.

[0117] S302, when the configuration mode is 4G mode, performs a fast Fourier transform on the time domain data to obtain the frequency domain data; the maximum data volume of the time domain data is the second data volume threshold, and the first data volume threshold is greater than the second data volume threshold; the number of fast Fourier transform points is set as the number of transform points, which is determined by the configuration information associated with the bandwidth of the cell where the user equipment is located.

[0118] The second data volume threshold corresponds to the maximum allowed time-domain data length in 4G mode, and its value is less than the first data volume threshold in 5G mode, reflecting the difference in measurement period and processing requirements between the two modes. The second data volume threshold is related to the maximum measurement period of the LTE signal (e.g., 1ms plus a symbol). The number of transformation points is not fixed, but dynamically determined according to the system bandwidth configuration of the current serving cell to ensure the accuracy and efficiency of frequency domain conversion.

[0119] In this embodiment, when the user equipment is configured in 4G mode, the received time-domain data can be directly sent to the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) module for processing. Before performing the FFT, the user equipment can obtain the bandwidth configuration information of the cell where it is located from the protocol stack or configuration register. Based on this bandwidth configuration information, the number of transform points required by the FFT module is dynamically determined and configured. For example, for different bandwidths such as 1.4MHz, 3MHz, and 5MHz, the corresponding configurations are 128 points, 256 points, and 512 points, respectively. Subsequently, the transform module transforms the time-domain data according to the determined number of transform points and outputs frequency-domain data.

[0120] For example, such as Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the TFC calculation process after fusion is shown in the figure. The differences between NR and LTE fusion are: (1) NR mode can process up to 8ms of data, while LTE mode can process up to 1ms+1 symbol of data; (2) LTE does not involve perRE or per TS AGC compensation; (3) NR has a fixed FFT number of 256 points, while LTE can be configured with 128 / 256 / 512 FFT points according to 1.4M / 3M / 5M bandwidth.

[0121] The method described in this application achieves hardware fusion and adaptive processing of dual-mode time-frequency conversion by employing differentiated preprocessing strategies and configurable transformation parameters in 5G and 4G modes respectively. Specifically, frequency offset and gain compensation are performed in 5G mode, and a fixed-point Fast Fourier Transform is used; in 4G mode, no compensation is required, and the number of transformation points is dynamically configured according to the system bandwidth. Simultaneously, time-domain data processing thresholds matching their frame structures are set for each mode, optimizing the signal preprocessing flow for different communication standards. While meeting the processing requirements of 5G NR and 4G LTE respectively, the same set of time-frequency conversion hardware is reused in a time-division multiplexing manner, avoiding the design of redundant circuits for dual modes. This effectively saves chip area, reduces implementation costs, and improves the reuse efficiency and operational performance of hardware resources in dual-mode scenarios. Furthermore, this approach also ensures the accuracy of frequency domain data generation in different configuration modes, providing reliable input for subsequent channel estimation.

[0122] In some embodiments, a specific implementation method is also provided for performing the first channel estimation by a coarse channel estimation module based on the configuration mode and frequency domain data, such as... Figure 6 As shown, the "performing the first channel estimation by the coarse channel estimation module based on the configuration mode and frequency domain data to obtain the first estimation data" in S203 above includes:

[0123] S401, in the 5G configuration mode, acquires the demodulation reference signal and the auxiliary synchronization signal, performs DC removal operation on the demodulation reference signal and frequency domain data, performs frequency domain interpolation operation on the auxiliary synchronization signal and frequency domain data, and determines the first estimated data based on the data after DC removal operation and the data after frequency domain interpolation operation; wherein, the frequency domain step size parameter is set to the first frequency domain step size, and the number of reference signals is set to the first number of reference signals.

[0124] The DC removal operation is used to eliminate DC component deviations in the signal, and the frequency domain interpolation operation is used to estimate the missing channel response between reference signals. The first frequency domain step size and the first number of reference signals are predefined configuration parameters based on the resource distribution and measurement requirements of specific reference signals (such as SSB or CSI-RS) in 5G mode.

[0125] In this embodiment, when the user equipment is configured in 5G mode, the coarse channel estimation module identifies and extracts the resource units corresponding to the demodulation reference signal and the secondary synchronization signal based on the received frequency domain data and configuration mode information. For the demodulation reference signal, the module performs a DC removal operation to remove the DC offset from the signal. For symbols containing the secondary synchronization signal, the module further performs frequency domain interpolation based on the DC removal operation, using the channel response of the known reference signal position to estimate the channel response of the data subcarrier position through an interpolation algorithm. The frequency domain step size parameter and the number of reference signals used by the module are respectively set to a first frequency domain step size and a first number of reference signals that match the 5G mode. Finally, the module calculates the first estimated data based on the processed demodulation reference signal data and the frequency domain interpolated secondary synchronization signal data.

[0126] S402, when configured in 4G mode, performs DC removal operation on frequency domain data; wherein, the frequency domain step size parameter is set to the second frequency domain step size, and the number of reference signals is set to the second number of reference signals.

[0127] The second frequency domain step size and the second number of reference signals are configuration parameters that are predefined based on the resource distribution and measurement requirements of specific reference signals (such as CRS or CSI-RS) in 4G mode, and are different from the corresponding parameters in 5G mode.

[0128] In this embodiment, when the user equipment is configured in 4G mode, the coarse channel estimation module identifies the resource element corresponding to the cell-specific reference signal or channel state information reference signal based on the received frequency domain data and configuration mode information. Then, a DC removal operation is performed to eliminate the DC component in the signal. During this process, the frequency domain step size parameter and the number of reference signals used by the coarse channel estimation module are respectively set to a second frequency domain step size and a second number of reference signals that match the 4G mode. By performing the DC removal operation on the frequency domain data, the module obtains the processed reference signal data and calculates the first estimated data accordingly.

[0129] For example, such as Figure 7 As shown in the figure, the calculation process of the merged RAWCE is as follows. The FDstep and RS_num parameter configurations of NR and LTE modes are different. LTE only has DC removal operation, while NR DMRS symbols need to be DC removed first, and then frequency domain interpolation operation is performed on SSS. Other calculation processes are the same.

[0130] The method described in this application, by employing differentiated processing procedures for different reference signal types in 5G and 4G modes, and configuring frequency domain step size parameters and the number of reference signals that conform to the characteristics of their respective communication standards, can achieve the effects of accurately adapting to the differences between NR and LTE protocols, optimizing the channel estimation process for their respective reference signal structures, and generating accurate first estimation data. This adaptive processing mechanism based on configuration modes ensures the processing accuracy and efficiency of the channel estimation module under the dual-mode architecture.

[0131] In some embodiments, a specific implementation method is also provided for performing a second channel estimation by a channel parameter estimation module based on a configuration mode and first estimation data, such as... Figure 8 As shown, the "performing a second channel estimation based on the configuration mode and the first estimation data by the channel parameter estimation module to obtain the second estimation data" in S205 above includes:

[0132] S501, in the 5G configuration mode, uses symbol merging to calculate the power delay distribution of the first estimated data and calculate the middle position within the fast Fourier transform window in the time-frequency conversion module to obtain the second estimated data; the middle position within the fast Fourier transform window is used to adjust the timing information of the time domain data truncation window.

[0133] The symbol merging method refers to combining the first estimated data of different symbols (e.g., multiple symbols within the same SSB block) to improve the accuracy of power delay distribution estimation. Calculating the middle position within the Fast Fourier Transform window is a specific operation used for timing adjustment in NR mode, which helps determine a better starting point for signal truncation to align with the main energy portion of the multipath signal.

[0134] In this embodiment of the application, under 5G mode, the channel parameter estimation module first merges the first estimated data from different symbols in the time or frequency domain to enhance the signal and suppress noise. Then, based on the merged result, an inverse Fourier transform is performed to calculate the power delay distribution to analyze the multipath delay characteristics of the channel. Simultaneously, the channel parameter estimation module performs a specific calculation: determining the intermediate position corresponding to the main concentrated region of channel energy within the currently used inverse Fast Fourier Transform analysis window. This position information is output as part of the second estimated data for use by upper-layer or front-end modules to fine-tune the start time of subsequent time-domain data truncation windows (i.e., timing adjustment), thereby optimizing signal alignment and improving measurement and reception performance.

[0135] S502, in the 4G configuration mode, uses inter-antenna merging and / or inter-port merging to calculate the power delay distribution of the first estimated data to obtain the second estimated data.

[0136] Among them, inter-antenna combining refers to combining the first estimated data from different receiving antennas to utilize spatial diversity gain; inter-port combining refers to combining the first estimated data from different antenna ports in LTE multi-port transmission scenarios to obtain more complete channel information.

[0137] In this embodiment, under 4G mode, the channel parameter estimation module determines the merging strategy based on the specific detection mode (e.g., port detection mode or cyclic prefix length mode). If antenna merging is supported or required by the configuration, the module merges the first estimation data from different receiving antennas. Similarly, in scenarios involving multi-antenna port transmission, the module may also need to perform inter-port merging. Based on the merged first estimation data, the module performs an inverse Fourier transform to calculate the power delay distribution information. This power delay distribution information, along with the channel parameters extracted from it (e.g., main delay, noise power, etc.), constitutes the second estimation data.

[0138] For example, such as Figure 9As shown in the figure, the CEP calculation process after fusion is shown in the figure. The only differences between NR and LTE processing are as follows: (1) For the PDP_comb calculation process, the NR scenario only has PDP_comb calculation between syms, while the LTE scenario needs to distinguish whether to perform rx merging and port merging according to the port_detect mode or cirlen mode; (2) NR calculates the ssb_idx of the current cell through cell_detect. The detection process is almost the same as the Port_det of LTE. The two will not be executed concurrently, so the hardware logic is completely reused; (3) NR needs to perform Cell_medium_pos to calculate the median of the IFFT window, which is used to adjust the FFT window position in Timing.

[0139] The method described in this application, by employing merging strategies that match the characteristics of their respective protocols in 5G and 4G modes (5G focuses on inter-symbol merging, and 4G focuses on inter-antenna / port merging) and performing differentiated parameter calculations (5G performs additional calculations for intermediate positions used in timing adjustments), can optimize the estimation accuracy of power delay distribution for the different needs of NR and LTE systems, and provide key system parameters (such as timing adjustment information and channel characteristic parameters) to the upper layer, thereby improving the adaptability of the entire channel estimation process and the reliability of the final measurement results.

[0140] In some embodiments, a specific implementation method is also provided for performing a third channel estimation by a fine channel estimation module based on a configuration mode and first estimation data, such as... Figure 10 As shown, the "performing a third channel estimation based on the configuration mode and the first estimation data using the fine channel estimation module to obtain the third estimation data" in S206 above includes:

[0141] S601, when the configuration mode is 5G mode, based on the signal type and channel conditions of the first estimated data, selects the target frequency domain optimization algorithm to process the first estimated data, and selects the target reference signal from the first estimated data to reconstruct the frequency domain structure, thereby obtaining the third estimated data.

[0142] The signal types include, but are not limited to, different types of reference signals such as synchronization block signals and demodulation reference signals. Channel conditions include parameters affecting the estimation quality, such as signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) level and channel coherence bandwidth. Target frequency domain optimization algorithms include filtering or smoothing algorithms based on different criteria, such as minimum mean square error filtering and fast Fourier transform smoothing filtering. Frequency domain structure reconstruction involves interpolation, filtering, or reconstruction of the missing subcarrier portions of a specific reference signal to form a complete channel estimation frequency domain response.

[0143] In this embodiment, under 5G mode, the fine channel estimation module first receives the first estimation data and, based on the reference signal type and the currently estimated channel conditions, selects the most suitable target algorithm from multiple preset frequency domain optimization algorithms. For example, for demodulated reference signals with low signal-to-noise ratios or specific auxiliary synchronization signals, a fast Fourier transform smoothing filter can be selected to suppress noise; for other conditions, a minimum mean square error filter can be selected to achieve a balance between noise suppression and preserving channel details. Simultaneously, the module also needs to reconstruct the frequency domain structure for specific reference signals, such as removing the DC component based on the configured DC point location and interpolating empty subcarriers in the signal to restore the complete frequency domain structure. After algorithm selection and necessary structure reconstruction, the module outputs a refined channel estimation result, i.e., the third estimation data.

[0144] S602, when the configuration mode is 4G mode, uses a preset frequency domain optimization algorithm to process the first estimated data to obtain the third estimated data.

[0145] Among them, the preset frequency domain optimization algorithm is a fixed algorithm uniformly set according to the standard characteristics of the 4G LTE system. It is usually the minimum mean square error filter or its optimized variant, which is suitable for processing various reference signals that have evolved over a long period of time, without the need for dynamic switching based on signal type or channel conditions.

[0146] In this embodiment, under 4G mode, the fine channel estimation module processes the received first estimation data using a predefined and fixed preset frequency domain optimization algorithm. This preset algorithm is typically a standard processing procedure optimized for LTE channel characteristics, such as uniformly using the MMSE filtering algorithm. The fine channel estimation module inputs the first estimation data into this algorithm for processing, obtaining a filtered and optimized fine channel estimation result, i.e., the third estimation data. Unlike 5G mode, this process does not involve algorithm selection based on signal type or channel conditions, nor does it require specific frequency domain structure reconstruction operations (such as interpolation of empty subcarriers), making the processing procedure relatively uniform and simplified.

[0147] For example, such as Figure 11 As shown in the figure, the CE calculation process after fusion is shown in the figure. The only differences between NR and LTE processing are as follows: (1) In the NR scenario, the SSS reference signal and the DMRS under low signal-to-noise ratio need to use FFT_smooth filtering, while LTE always uses MMSE filtering; (2) In the NR scenario, the second symbol of the DMRS has empty subcarrier interpolation. Before the interpolation calculation, it is necessary to perform DC processing according to the DC point position configured by the DSP; in the LTE mode, there is no interpolation calculation, and the DC point is always located in the middle of the CRS signal within the sym.

[0148] The method described in this application employs differentiated, refined channel estimation strategies in 5G and 4G modes. In 5G mode, it adaptively selects an optimized algorithm and performs necessary frequency domain structure reconstruction based on signal type and channel conditions, while in 4G mode, it uses a unified preset algorithm. This achieves highly adaptable and accurate estimation for the complex and diverse signal structures and channel scenarios of NR systems, while also considering the processing efficiency and algorithm stability of LTE systems. This mode-dependent refined processing mechanism ensures accurate and reliable final channel estimation results under different communication standards, providing high-quality input for subsequent measurement index calculations.

[0149] In some embodiments, such as Figure 12 As shown, the above-mentioned cell measurement method also includes:

[0150] S701, during the time-frequency conversion module processing, caches the time-domain data of the multiple symbols of the current antenna channel in the first storage area of ​​the ping-pong storage unit for processing, and preloads the time-domain data of the multiple symbols of the next antenna channel into the second storage area of ​​the ping-pong storage unit.

[0151] The ping-pong storage unit is a structure containing at least two independently usable storage areas to achieve seamless processing of different data blocks. The current antenna channel refers to the antenna channel currently performing time-frequency conversion and other processing procedures, while the next antenna channel refers to the subsequent antenna channel that will be processed after the current antenna channel has finished processing.

[0152] In this embodiment, the user equipment can write time-domain data of multiple symbols from the current antenna channel (e.g., receiving antenna 1) into the first storage area (e.g., ping-pong storage area 1) of the ping-pong storage unit. The time-frequency conversion module reads the data from the first storage area and performs time-frequency conversion processing. Simultaneously, while the time-frequency conversion module processes the data in the first storage area, the storage management unit or data loading control unit preloads the time-domain data of multiple symbols from the next antenna channel to be processed (e.g., receiving antenna 2) into the second storage area (e.g., ping-pong storage area 2) of the ping-pong storage unit. This preloading operation allows the time-frequency conversion module to directly obtain data from the second storage area at the start of the next processing cycle, without waiting for data loading, thus creating a time overlap between processing and loading.

[0153] S702 releases the physical storage space used for caching time-domain data within the first or second storage area after detecting that the time-domain data has completed time-frequency conversion.

[0154] Physical storage space refers to the specific storage location or address block within the ping-pong storage unit actually used to store time-domain data. The release operation marks these storage locations as writable or free, allowing new time-domain data to be written.

[0155] In this embodiment, the user equipment can set up a monitoring mechanism to track the processing status of time-domain data in each storage area. When the time-frequency conversion module completes the time-frequency conversion processing of all time-domain data in a certain storage area (e.g., the first storage area) and outputs the generated frequency-domain data to subsequent modules, the monitoring mechanism generates a corresponding completion flag. Then, based on the completion flag, the physical storage space in the corresponding storage area that was originally used to cache these processed time-domain data is released. After release, this physical storage space can be reused to cache time-domain data for other antenna channels. For example, after a ping-pong switch, the original first storage area can be used to preload data from subsequent antenna channels after release, thereby achieving cyclic reuse of storage space.

[0156] like Figure 13 As shown, cell measurement (Meas) requires two RAM blocks (Ping Pong storage units) for pipelined processing of 2rx data. That is, while measuring rx0 data stored in Ping RAM as shown in the diagram, rx1 data can be requested and stored in Pong RAM in advance. This saves offline data load time. Since the cell measurement task and data load processing logic are completely decoupled, the configuration parameter switching for cell-level measurements occurs after all rx operations in each cell have been completed. The switching of load configuration parameters can occur one cell ahead, further improving processing performance. The two RAM blocks (Ping Pong and Ring Pong) are divided into four independent RAM blocks (td_buf0, td_buf1, td_buf2, and td_buf3) based on the data load bit width and control logic limitations. Time-domain data becomes invalid after being converted to frequency-domain data via FFT; therefore, it is reused with the subsequent RAWCE / CEP / CE modules during the measurement process. Currently, Rawce_ram is 512*24bit, Hce_ram is 512*24bit, and Pdp_comb_ram0 / 1 is 128*24bit. Therefore, the storage space of Ping_ram and Pong_ram is eventually expanded to 2048*24bit, which is about 46% better than the scheme of storing time and frequency domain data separately.

[0157] The method described in this application, by employing a ping-pong storage mechanism during the time-frequency conversion process, overlaps the current processing with the preloading of data for the next channel in time, and dynamically manages the storage space (releasing it immediately after processing is completed). This significantly reduces the processing idle time caused by waiting for data loading, improves the throughput of multi-antenna channel data processing, and achieves efficient reuse of limited physical storage resources, thereby improving the overall system efficiency.

[0158] In summary, based on all the above embodiments, a cell measurement method is also provided, the method comprising:

[0159] S801 receives time-domain data of multiple symbols transmitted by multiple antenna channels and obtains the configuration mode of the user equipment; the configuration mode includes 5G mode or 4G mode.

[0160] S802 performs time-frequency conversion on the time-domain data according to the configuration mode via the time-frequency conversion module to obtain frequency-domain data, and then transmits the frequency-domain data to the coarse channel estimation module in a pipeline manner. Specifically, this includes: in the 5G configuration mode, frequency offset compensation and gain compensation are performed on the time-domain data, and a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) is performed on the compensated time-domain data to obtain frequency-domain data; the maximum data volume of the time-domain data is a first data volume threshold; the number of FFT points is a fixed number. In the 4G configuration mode, a FFT is performed on the time-domain data to obtain frequency-domain data; the maximum data volume of the time-domain data is a second data volume threshold, and the first data volume threshold is greater than the second data volume threshold; the number of FFT points is set as the number of transformation points, which is determined by the configuration information associated with the bandwidth of the cell where the user equipment is located.

[0161] S803, during the time-frequency conversion module processing, caches the time-domain data of the current antenna channel's multi-symbols in the first storage area of ​​the ping-pong storage unit for processing, and preloads the time-domain data of the next antenna channel's multi-symbols into the second storage area of ​​the ping-pong storage unit; for the physical storage space inside the first or second storage area used to cache time-domain data, after detecting that the time-frequency conversion of the time-domain data is completed, the physical storage space is released.

[0162] S804, the coarse channel estimation module performs the first channel estimation based on the configuration mode and frequency domain data to obtain the first estimation data, and then transmits the first estimation data to the channel parameter estimation module and the fine channel estimation module in a serial processing manner. Specifically, this includes: in the 5G configuration mode, acquiring the demodulation reference signal and the auxiliary synchronization signal, performing DC removal operation on the demodulation reference signal and the frequency domain data, and performing frequency domain interpolation operation on the auxiliary synchronization signal and the frequency domain data, and determining the first estimation data based on the data after DC removal and the data after frequency domain interpolation; wherein, the frequency domain step size parameter is set to the first frequency domain step size, and the number of reference signals is set to the first number of reference signals; in the 4G configuration mode, performing DC removal operation on the frequency domain data; wherein, the frequency domain step size parameter is set to the second frequency domain step size, and the number of reference signals is set to the second number of reference signals.

[0163] S805, the channel parameter estimation module performs a second channel estimation based on the configuration mode and the first estimation data to obtain the second estimation data. Specifically, this includes: in the case of 5G configuration mode, using inter-symbol combining, calculating the power delay distribution of the first estimation data, and calculating the middle position within the Fast Fourier Transform window in the time-frequency conversion module to obtain the second estimation data; the middle position within the Fast Fourier Transform window is used to adjust the timing information of the time-domain data truncation window; in the case of 4G configuration mode, using inter-antenna combining and / or inter-port combining, calculating the power delay distribution of the first estimation data to obtain the second estimation data.

[0164] S806, the fine channel estimation module performs a third channel estimation based on the configuration mode and the first estimation data to obtain the third estimation data, and determines the target estimation result based on the second and third estimation data. Specifically, this includes: when the configuration mode is 5G mode, processing the first estimation data using a target frequency domain optimization algorithm based on the signal type and channel conditions of the first estimation data, and reconstructing the frequency domain structure from the target reference signal in the first estimation data to obtain the third estimation data; when the configuration mode is 4G mode, processing the first estimation data using a preset frequency domain optimization algorithm to obtain the third estimation data.

[0165] In the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 14 The flowchart of the cell measurement method shown divides the cell measurement (Meas) processing flow into Stage 0, Stage 1, Stage 2, and Stage 3, as shown in Table 1 below:

[0166] Table 1

[0167]

[0168] In this design, the TFC and Rawce modules in Stage 0 perform pipelined processing between symbols. The time-domain data of the first symbol stored in Td_buf is converted to the time-frequency domain via FFT, then fed into the Rawce module for calculation. The coarse channel estimation result for the first symbol is stored in the corresponding time-domain location of the first symbol to avoid data conflicts. In the NR scenario, Stage 0 and Stage 1 are pipelined, while Stage 1, Stage 2, and Stage 3 are processed serially. An example of pipelined processing from Stage 0 to Stage 3 is given here, except that the last antenna adds an MRC antenna merging operation; the processing is consistent across all antennas. Data processing and storage in the TFC, Rawce, and CE modules are done in units of symbols. The pipelined processing in NR and LTE modes is basically the same. The figure shows one cell in LTE mode, processing a maximum of 4 symbols, while in NR mode, each beam processes a maximum of 3 symbols.

[0169] Based on the similarity of the implementation process of NR and LTE measurement algorithms in traditional designs, this embodiment reorganizes and merges the NR and LTE data paths of the measurement module, expands the hardware resources of the original NR single-mode to support LTE mode, merges the control path branches, and time-division multiplexes the computing unit and storage unit to achieve NR / LTE dual-mode adaptation.

[0170] The method described in this application, on the one hand, saves neighbor cell measurement processing time and area resources by combining inter-module pipelined processing and serial processing. On the other hand, it further optimizes the area and saves manufacturing costs by integrating NR and LTE mode hardware processing units and reusing storage space.

[0171] It should be understood that although the steps in the flowcharts of the embodiments described above are shown sequentially according to the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless explicitly stated herein, there is no strict order restriction on the execution of these steps, and they can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least some steps in the flowcharts of the embodiments described above may include multiple steps or multiple stages. These steps or stages are not necessarily completed at the same time, but can be executed at different times. The execution order of these steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but can be performed alternately or in turn with other steps or at least some of the steps or stages of other steps.

[0172] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides a cell measurement device for implementing the cell measurement method described above. This device can be applied to or integrated into a chip or chip module, for example. The solution provided by this device is similar to the implementation described in the above method; therefore, the specific limitations in one or more cell measurement device embodiments provided below can be found in the limitations of the cell measurement method above, and will not be repeated here.

[0173] In some embodiments, such as Figure 15 As shown, a cell measurement device is provided, comprising:

[0174] The receiving module 11 is used to receive time-domain data of multiple symbols transmitted by multiple antenna channels, and to obtain the configuration mode of the user equipment; the configuration mode includes 5G mode or 4G mode.

[0175] The conversion module 12 is used to perform time-frequency conversion on the time-domain data according to the configuration mode through the time-frequency conversion module to obtain frequency-domain data, and then transmit the frequency-domain data to the coarse channel estimation module in a pipeline manner.

[0176] The first estimation module 13 is used to perform the first channel estimation based on the configuration mode and frequency domain data by the coarse channel estimation module to obtain the first estimation data, and to transmit the first estimation data to the channel parameter estimation module and the fine channel estimation module in a serial processing manner to perform channel estimation based on the configuration mode and frequency domain data by the original channel estimation module to obtain the first estimation data.

[0177] The second estimation module 14 is used to perform a second channel estimation based on the configuration mode and the first estimation data through the channel parameter estimation module to obtain the second estimation data.

[0178] The third estimation module 15 is used to perform a third channel estimation based on the configuration mode and the first estimation data through the fine channel estimation module to obtain the third estimation data, and to determine the target estimation result based on the second estimation data and the third estimation data.

[0179] In some embodiments, the above-mentioned conversion module includes:

[0180] The first conversion unit is used to perform frequency offset compensation and gain compensation on time domain data when the configuration mode is 5G mode, and to perform fast Fourier transform on the compensated time domain data to obtain frequency domain data; the maximum data volume of the time domain data is a first data volume threshold; the number of points of the fast Fourier transform is a fixed number of points.

[0181] The second conversion unit is used to perform a fast Fourier transform on the time-domain data to obtain frequency-domain data when the configuration mode is 4G mode. The maximum data volume of the time-domain data is a second data volume threshold, and the first data volume threshold is greater than the second data volume threshold. The number of fast Fourier transform points is set as the number of transform points, which is determined by the configuration information associated with the bandwidth of the cell where the user equipment is located.

[0182] In some embodiments, the first estimation module described above includes:

[0183] The first processing unit is configured to acquire a demodulation reference signal and a secondary synchronization signal when the configuration mode is 5G mode, perform DC removal operation on the demodulation reference signal and frequency domain data, perform frequency domain interpolation operation on the secondary synchronization signal and frequency domain data, and determine the first estimated data based on the data after DC removal operation and the data after frequency domain interpolation operation; wherein the frequency domain step size parameter is set to the first frequency domain step size, and the number of reference signals is set to the first number of reference signals.

[0184] The second processing unit is used to perform DC removal operation on the frequency domain data when the configuration mode is 4G mode; wherein the frequency domain step size parameter is set to the second frequency domain step size, and the number of reference signals is set to the second number of reference signals.

[0185] In some embodiments, the second estimation module described above includes:

[0186] The third processing unit is used to calculate the power delay distribution of the first estimated data and calculate the middle position within the fast Fourier transform window in the time-frequency conversion module when the configuration mode is 5G mode, using the symbol merging method to obtain the second estimated data; the middle position within the fast Fourier transform window is used to adjust the timing information of the time domain data truncation window.

[0187] The fourth processing unit is used to calculate the power delay distribution of the first estimated data and obtain the second estimated data by using inter-antenna combining and / or inter-port combining methods when the configuration mode is 4G mode.

[0188] In some embodiments, the third estimation module described above includes:

[0189] The fifth processing unit is used to, in the case of 5G mode configuration, process the first estimated data by selecting a target frequency domain optimization algorithm based on the signal type and channel conditions of the first estimated data, and to select a target reference signal from the first estimated data for frequency domain structure reconstruction to obtain the third estimated data.

[0190] The sixth processing unit is used to process the first estimated data using a preset frequency domain optimization algorithm when the configuration mode is 4G mode, so as to obtain the third estimated data.

[0191] In some embodiments, the above-mentioned cell measurement device further includes:

[0192] The storage module is used to cache the time-domain data of the current antenna channel in the first storage area of ​​the ping-pong storage unit for processing during the time-frequency conversion module processing, and to preload the time-domain data of the next antenna channel in the second storage area of ​​the ping-pong storage unit.

[0193] The release module is used to release the physical storage space within the first or second storage area that is used to cache time-domain data after detecting that the time-domain data has completed time-frequency conversion.

[0194] Each module in the aforementioned community measurement device can be implemented entirely or partially through software, hardware, or a combination thereof. These modules can be embedded in the processor of the user equipment in hardware form or independent of it, or stored in the memory of the user equipment in software form, so that the processor can call and execute the corresponding operations of each module.

[0195] Regarding the modules / units included in the various devices and products described in the above embodiments, they can be software modules / units, hardware modules / units, or a combination of both. For example, for various devices and products applied to or integrated into a chip, all of their modules / units can be implemented using hardware methods such as circuits, or at least some modules / units can be implemented using software programs that run on a processor integrated within the chip, while the remaining (if any) modules / units can be implemented using hardware methods such as circuits; for various devices and products applied to or integrated into a chip module, all of their modules / units can be implemented using hardware methods such as circuits, and different modules / units can be located in the same component (e.g., chip, circuit module, etc.) or different components of the chip module, or at least some modules / units can be implemented using hardware methods such as circuits. The components can be implemented using software programs that run on the processor integrated within the chip module. The remaining (if any) modules / units can be implemented using hardware methods such as circuits. For various devices and products applied to or integrated into the terminal, each of its components / units can be implemented using hardware methods such as circuits. Different modules / units can be located in the same component (e.g., chip, circuit module, etc.) or in different components within the terminal. Alternatively, at least some modules / units can be implemented using software programs that run on the processor integrated within the terminal, while the remaining (if any) modules / units can be implemented using hardware methods such as circuits.

[0196] In some embodiments, a user equipment is provided, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the cell measurement method described in any of the above embodiments.

[0197] The user equipment provided in the above embodiments has a similar implementation principle and technical effect to the above method embodiments, and will not be described again here.

[0198] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides a chip, including a processor and a communication interface; the communication interface is used to receive or send data; the processor is configured to cause the chip to execute the steps of the cell measurement method described in any of the above embodiments.

[0199] It is understood that the chip involved in the embodiments of this application may be a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), may be an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), may be a system on chip (SoC), may be a central processor unit (CPU), may be a network processor (NP), may be a digital signal processor (DSP), may be a microcontroller unit (MCU), may be a programmable logic device (PLD), or other integrated chips, etc.

[0200] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides a chip module, such as... Figure 16 As shown, the chip module includes a communication module, a power module, a storage module, and a chip. Among them:

[0201] The power module is used to provide power to the chip module; the storage module is used to store data and instructions; the communication module is used for internal communication within the chip module, or for communication between the chip module and external devices; this chip corresponds to the chip in the above chip embodiment.

[0202] The implementation method of this chip module can be found in the relevant content of the above chip embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0203] In some embodiments, a computer-readable storage medium is provided having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the cell measurement method described in any of the above embodiments.

[0204] The computer-readable storage medium provided in the above embodiments has a similar implementation principle and technical effect to the above method embodiments, and will not be described again here.

[0205] In some embodiments, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the cell measurement method described in any of the above embodiments.

[0206] The computer program product provided in the above embodiments has a similar implementation principle and technical effect to the above method embodiments, and will not be described again here.

[0207] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When executed, the computer program can include the processes of the embodiments described above. Any references to memory, databases, or other media used in the embodiments provided in this application can include at least one of non-volatile and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical memory, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, resistive random access memory (ReRAM), magnetic random access memory (MRAM), ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM), phase change memory (PCM), graphene memory, etc. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory, etc. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM can take many forms, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) or Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM). The databases involved in the embodiments provided in this application may include at least one type of relational database and non-relational database. Non-relational databases may include, but are not limited to, blockchain-based distributed databases. The processors involved in the embodiments provided in this application may be general-purpose processors, central processing units, graphics processing units, digital signal processors, programmable logic devices, quantum computing-based data processing logic devices, etc., and are not limited to these.

[0208] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0209] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for measuring a cell block, characterized in that, Applied to user equipment, the method includes: Receive time-domain data of multiple symbols transmitted by multiple antenna channels, and obtain the configuration mode of the user equipment; the configuration mode includes 5G mode or 4G mode; The time-frequency conversion module performs time-frequency conversion on the time-domain data according to the configuration mode to obtain frequency-domain data, and then transmits the frequency-domain data to the coarse channel estimation module in a pipeline manner. The coarse channel estimation module performs the first channel estimation based on the configuration mode and the frequency domain data to obtain the first estimation data, and then transmits the first estimation data to the channel parameter estimation module and the fine channel estimation module in a serial processing manner. The channel parameter estimation module performs a second channel estimation based on the configuration mode and the first estimation data to obtain the second estimation data. The fine channel estimation module performs a third channel estimation based on the configuration mode and the first estimation data to obtain the third estimation data, and determines the target estimation result based on the second estimation data and the third estimation data.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of performing time-frequency conversion on the time-domain data according to the configuration mode by the time-frequency conversion module to obtain frequency-domain data includes: When the configuration mode is the 5G mode, frequency offset compensation and gain compensation are performed on the time domain data, and a fast Fourier transform is performed on the compensated time domain data to obtain the frequency domain data; the maximum data volume of the time domain data is a first data volume threshold; the number of points in the fast Fourier transform is a fixed number of points; When the configuration mode is the 4G mode, the time domain data is subjected to a fast Fourier transform to obtain the frequency domain data; the maximum data volume of the time domain data is a second data volume threshold, and the first data volume threshold is greater than the second data volume threshold; the number of points of the fast Fourier transform is set as the number of transform points, which is determined by the configuration information associated with the bandwidth of the cell where the user equipment is located.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first channel estimation, performed by the coarse channel estimation module based on the configuration mode and the frequency domain data, yields first estimation data, including: When the configuration mode is the 5G mode, a demodulation reference signal and an auxiliary synchronization signal are acquired, and a DC removal operation is performed on the demodulation reference signal and the frequency domain data, as well as a frequency domain interpolation operation is performed on the auxiliary synchronization signal and the frequency domain data. The first estimated data is determined based on the data after the DC removal operation and the data after the frequency domain interpolation operation; wherein, the frequency domain step size parameter is set to a first frequency domain step size, and the number of reference signals is set to a first number of reference signals. When the configuration mode is the 4G mode, the frequency domain data is subjected to DC removal; wherein the frequency domain step size parameter is set to the second frequency domain step size, and the number of reference signals is set to the second number of reference signals.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second channel estimation, performed by the channel parameter estimation module based on the configuration mode and the first estimation data, to obtain the second estimation data includes: When the configuration mode is the 5G mode, the power delay distribution of the first estimated data is calculated by merging symbols, and the middle position within the fast Fourier transform window in the time-frequency conversion module is calculated to obtain the second estimated data; the middle position within the fast Fourier transform window is used to adjust the timing information of the time domain data truncation window; When the configuration mode is the 4G mode, the power delay distribution of the first estimated data is calculated by using inter-antenna merging and / or inter-port merging methods to obtain the second estimated data.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of performing a third channel estimation by the fine channel estimation module based on the configuration mode and the first estimation data to obtain the third estimation data includes: When the configuration mode is the 5G mode, the target frequency domain optimization algorithm is used to process the second estimated data according to the signal type and channel conditions of the second estimated data, and the target reference signal is selected from the second estimated data to reconstruct the frequency domain structure, so as to obtain the third estimated data. When the configuration mode is the 4G mode, the second estimated data is processed using a preset frequency domain optimization algorithm to obtain the third estimated data.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The method further includes: During the processing of the time-frequency conversion module, the time-domain data of the multiple symbols of the current antenna channel is cached in the first storage area of ​​the ping-pong storage unit for processing, and the time-domain data of the multiple symbols of the next antenna channel is preloaded into the second storage area of ​​the ping-pong storage unit. For the physical storage space within the first or second storage area used to cache time-domain data, the physical storage space is released after the time-domain data has completed time-frequency conversion.

7. A cell measurement device, characterized in that, The device includes: The receiving module is used to receive time-domain data of multiple symbols transmitted by multiple antenna channels, and to obtain the configuration mode of the user equipment; the configuration mode includes 5G mode or 4G mode. The conversion module is used to perform time-frequency conversion on the time-domain data according to the configuration mode through the time-frequency conversion module to obtain frequency-domain data, and to pass the frequency-domain data to the coarse channel estimation module in a pipeline manner. The first estimation module is used to perform a first channel estimation based on the configuration mode and the frequency domain data through the coarse channel estimation module to obtain first estimation data, and to transmit the first estimation data to the channel parameter estimation module and the fine channel estimation module in a serial processing manner. The second estimation module is used to perform a second channel estimation based on the configuration mode and the first estimation data through the channel parameter estimation module to obtain the second estimation data. The third estimation module is used to perform a third channel estimation based on the configuration mode and the first estimation data through the fine channel estimation module to obtain the third estimation data, and to determine the target estimation result based on the second estimation data and the third estimation data.

8. A user equipment comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A chip, characterized in that, The device includes a processor and a communication interface, wherein the processor is configured to cause the chip to perform the steps of the method described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

10. A chip module, characterized in that, This includes communication modules, power modules, storage modules, and chips, among which: The power module is used to provide power to the chip module; The storage module is used to store data and instructions; The communication module is used for internal communication within the chip module, or for communication between the chip module and external devices. The chip is used to perform the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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