Heading machine cutting device capable of measuring cutting force
By introducing a three-dimensional force gauge and a buffer structure into the cutting device of the tunneling machine, the problem of inaccurate cutting force monitoring in the existing technology has been solved, and efficient cutting control and protection of the force gauge have been achieved.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-29
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-31
AI Technical Summary
Existing methods for monitoring the cutting status of tunneling machines have limitations when dealing with complex and variable coal and rock structures, making it difficult to accurately monitor cutting force and improve cutting efficiency.
The design incorporates a three-dimensional force gauge combined with a buffer rod, buffer plate, and buffer spring. Through the cooperation of the mounting ring and buffer groove, it achieves real-time measurement and protection of the cutting force, preventing falling objects from impacting the force gauge.
It enables accurate monitoring of cutting force, improves cutting efficiency and accuracy, extends the service life of the force gauge, and prevents damage to the force gauge from falling objects.
Smart Images
Figure CN121760705A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunneling machine technology; specifically, it relates to a tunneling machine cutting device capable of measuring cutting force. Background Technology
[0002] During operation, a tunneling machine excavates coal and rock in front of it using its cutting teeth. Monitoring the force exerted on the cutting arm allows for the control of the cutting process, which is crucial for automatic cutting control. Existing methods include theoretical methods, empirical methods, and simulations. However, due to the complex and variable structure of coal and rock, these methods all have limitations in monitoring the cutting status. Summary of the Invention
[0003] In view of this, the present invention provides a tunneling machine cutting device capable of measuring cutting force, thereby solving or at least alleviating the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art.
[0004] To achieve the aforementioned objectives, the present invention provides a tunneling machine cutting device capable of measuring cutting force, comprising a cantilever, a cutting head, and a three-dimensional force gauge. The three-dimensional force gauge is mounted on the cantilever via a front flange plate and a rear flange plate. Mounting rings are mounted on both the front and rear flange plates. A buffer rod, spanning the three-dimensional force gauge, passes between adjacent mounting rings. Multiple buffer rods are evenly spaced circumferentially around the mounting rings. The buffer rods are radially displaceable within the mounting rings. A buffer plate, capable of axial displacement, is provided outside the mounting rings. A V-shaped buffer groove, open towards the mounting ring, is provided on the side of the buffer plate facing the mounting ring. Buffer springs are provided between the top and bottom ends of the buffer plate and the mounting rings. The top end of the buffer rod is slidably positioned within the buffer groove.
[0005] In the tunneling machine cutting device described above that can measure cutting force, optionally, a rectangular groove is provided inside the mounting ring, and a slider is fixedly installed at the end of the buffer rod, the slider slidingly passing through the groove.
[0006] In the cutting device of a tunneling machine capable of measuring cutting force as described above, optionally, a slip ring is slidably sleeved on the outside of the front flange plate, and a forward extension rod is provided on the side facing the drill bit. The buffer plate located on the front side moves forward to push the forward extension rod, so that the front end of the forward extension rod extends into the range of the cutting head and is located in the range of the cutting head's helical blades in the circumferential direction. An elastic telescopic rod is provided between the slip ring and the front flange plate.
[0007] In the tunneling machine cutting device capable of measuring cutting force as described above, optionally, multiple support plates are equidistantly arranged in the circumferential direction on the front flange plate. The bottom end of the support plate is rotatably connected to the front flange plate, and a strip groove is opened at the top end of the support plate. A sliding rod is provided inside the slip ring and passes through the strip groove. The top end of the elastic telescopic rod is rotatably connected to the side of the support plate, and the bottom end of the elastic telescopic rod is rotatably connected to the front flange. When the slip ring is at its extreme position in the front and rear directions, the support plate is in an inclined state, and the elastic telescopic rod is stretched. When the slip ring is at its extreme position in the front direction, the front end of the forward extension rod extends into the cutting head range. When the slip ring is at its extreme position in the rear direction, the buffer plate is in close contact with the mounting ring, and the end of the buffer rod is located in the middle position of the buffer groove.
[0008] In the tunneling machine cutting device capable of measuring cutting force as described above, optionally, the inner diameter of the slip ring is larger than the outer diameter of the front flange plate, and a plurality of support plates are fixedly arranged on the inner surface of the slip ring, which are staggered with the buffer plate in the circumferential direction. An auxiliary rod is connected to the inner end of the support plate, and the rear end of the auxiliary rod passes through the two mounting rings and is connected to the rear flange plate. The support plate and the front flange plate are in sliding fit. When the buffer rod moves to the innermost position of the mounting ring, it is located on the same circumference as the buffer rod, and the auxiliary rod and the buffer rod are staggered in the circumferential direction.
[0009] In the tunneling machine cutting device capable of measuring cutting force as described above, optionally, the mounting ring includes a semi-circular left ring body and a right ring body, the top of the left ring body and the right ring body are connected by a mounting shaft, and the mounting shaft is mounted on a support, the two supports are respectively mounted on the surfaces of the front flange plate and the rear flange plate, and the two supports are respectively located on opposite sides of the two mounting rings.
[0010] In the tunneling machine cutting device capable of measuring cutting force as described above, optionally, the inner surfaces of the left and right ring bodies are provided with grooves shaped like the mounting shaft for each auxiliary rod inside them. When the left and right ring bodies are open, the grooves disengage from the auxiliary rods. When the left and right ring bodies are closed, the grooves fit onto the auxiliary rods.
[0011] In the tunneling machine cutting device described above, capable of measuring cutting force, optionally, the support plate is slidably sleeved on the auxiliary rod, and the auxiliary rod is rotatable within the support plate. A drive column is fixedly installed at the front end of the auxiliary rod located at the top of the left and right ring bodies. A spiral groove is formed on the surface of the drive column, and the rear end of the spiral groove is open. A protrusion is provided on the support plate that can enter the spiral groove. When the protrusion enters the spiral groove, the front end of the extension rod moves to the range of the cutting head. A rotating rod is fixedly installed at the rear end of the auxiliary rod connected to the drive column. Support rods are provided on the rear left and right ring bodies. When the protrusion moves backward within the spiral groove, the rotating rod pushes against the support rod, causing the bottom of the left and right ring bodies to open.
[0012] In the tunneling machine cutting device capable of measuring cutting force as described above, optionally, the support rod includes a first rod body distributed along the axial direction, a second rod body vertically fixed to the bottom of the rear end of the first rod body, and a third rod body disposed at the bottom end of the second rod body. The third rod body is axially arranged, and the front end of the third rod body is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the second rod body. A stop block is fixedly disposed on the outer side of the bottom end of the second rod body. A torsion spring is disposed between the second rod body and the third rod body to cooperate with the stop block to keep the third rod body in an axial state. When the outer end of the rotating rod rotates inward past the third rod body, the third rod body provides space for the movement of the rotating rod by swinging inward. When the outer end of the rotating rod rotates outward past the third rod body, the left ring body and the right ring body are opened.
[0013] In the tunneling machine cutting device described above that can measure cutting force, optionally, when the buffer plate is located at the foremost position, the protrusion is tangent to the tail end inlet of the spiral groove, and the support plate is in a state where the outer end is tilted forward, and the front end of the extension rod is located within the cutting head range.
[0014] This invention discloses a tunneling machine cutting device capable of measuring cutting force. Employing a three-dimensional force gauge, it provides crucial data for the automatic cutting of intelligent tunneling machines. It can also reflect cutting conditions such as cutter tooth wear and breakage, machine malfunctions, and chatter. Accurately obtaining the cutting force not only facilitates monitoring the cutting process, improves cutting efficiency, and increases cutting accuracy, but also, through the combination of a mounting ring, buffer rod, buffer plate, and buffer spring, effectively protects the three-dimensional force gauge. Furthermore, it prevents falling stones or soil from impacting the three-dimensional force gauge, thus extending its testing performance and service life. Attached Figure Description
[0015] The disclosure of this invention will become more apparent from the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a tunneling machine cutting device capable of measuring cutting force according to the present invention.
[0016] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.
[0017] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged view of section B in the middle.
[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the three-dimensional force measuring instrument part of the present invention.
[0019] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged view of point C.
[0020] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 4 The schematic diagram of the front flange, rear flange, and three-dimensional force measuring instrument is omitted.
[0021] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 Another perspective view.
[0022] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the support plate and buffer spring of the present invention.
[0023] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the strip groove and slide bar of the present invention.
[0024] Reference numerals: 1-Cantilever; 2-Cutting head; 3-Three-dimensional force gauge; 4-Mounting ring; 4.1-Left ring body; 4.2-Right ring body; 5-Buffer rod; 6-Buffer plate; 7-Buffer groove; 8-Buffer spring; 9-Slide groove; 10-Slider; 11-Slip ring; 12-Extension rod; 13-Elastic telescopic rod; 14-Support plate; 15-Strip groove; 16-Slide rod; 17-Support plate; 18-Auxiliary rod; 19-Mounting shaft; 20-Support; 21-Sleeve groove; 22-Helical groove; 23-Protrusion; 24-First rod body; 25-Second rod body; 26-Third rod body; 27-Stop block; 28-Rotating rod. Detailed Implementation
[0025] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0026] like Figures 1 to 9As shown, a typical embodiment of the present invention provides a tunneling machine cutting device capable of measuring cutting force, including a cantilever 1, a cutting head 2, and a three-dimensional force measuring instrument 3. The three-dimensional force measuring instrument 3 is mounted on the cantilever 1 through a front flange plate and a rear flange plate. Mounting rings 4 are mounted on both the front flange plate and the rear flange plate. A buffer rod 5 spanning the three-dimensional force measuring instrument 3 is provided between two adjacent mounting rings 4. Multiple buffer rods 5 are equally spaced around the circumference of the mounting rings 4. The buffer rods 5 are capable of radial displacement in the mounting rings 4. A buffer plate 6 capable of axial displacement is provided on the outside of the mounting rings 4. A "V"-shaped buffer groove 7 with an opening facing the mounting rings 4 is provided on one side of the buffer plate 6. Buffer springs 8 are provided between the top and bottom ends of the buffer plate 6 and the mounting rings 4. The top end of the buffer rod 5 is slidably disposed in the buffer groove 7.
[0027] The three-dimensional force gauge 3 can detect the operating status of the cutting head 2 in real time. The three-dimensional force gauge 3 is stably installed on the cantilever 1 by adding a front flange plate and a rear flange plate to the original cantilever 1.
[0028] The mounting ring 4 serves as the main mounting body for the buffer rod 5, buffer plate 6, and buffer spring 8. The cooperation of the buffer rod 5, buffer spring 8, and buffer plate 6 effectively protects the three-dimensional force measuring instrument. When the tunneling machine is working, falling soil or rocks land on the buffer rod 5. The buffer rod 5 displaces inward, squeezing the buffer plate 6 outward. During the outward displacement of the buffer plate 6, the buffer spring 8 is stretched, achieving a buffering effect and effectively protecting the three-dimensional force measuring instrument.
[0029] The buffer groove 7 is designed as a "V" shape, and the buffer spring 8 and buffer rod 5 are designed separately. This allows the buffer rod 5 to move outward from its initial position and compress the buffer spring 8. As a result, the buffer spring 8 has a bidirectional buffering effect on the buffer rod 5. After the soil or stone moves from the gap between the buffer rods 5 to the inside, the soil or stone will reduce the pressure on the three-dimensional force measuring instrument by squeezing the buffer rod 5 outward, further improving its buffering effect. In particular, this design can prevent stones that have entered the inner side of the buffer rod 5 from being impacted by other stones or soil. By pushing the buffer rod 5 outward, the impact force on the three-dimensional force measuring instrument can be better dissipated, thus improving the protective effect.
[0030] In addition, after the tunneling machine has been running for a period of time, the soil accumulated in the area between the three-dimensional force gauge and the buffer rod 5 can be released from the pressure on the soil or rocks during the outward displacement of the buffer rod 5, making the soil or rocks easier to fall off.
[0031] The mounting ring 4 has a rectangular groove 9 inside, and a slider 10 is fixedly installed at the end of the buffer rod 5, sliding through the groove 9. By setting the groove 9 and the slider 10, the stability of the movement of the buffer rod 5 is improved. Specifically, in this embodiment, the outer end of the slider 10 has a circular structure, making its movement within the buffer groove 7 more flexible.
[0032] A slip ring 11 is provided on the outer side of the front flange plate, and a forward extension rod 12 is provided on the side facing the drill bit. The forward extension rod 12 is pushed forward by the front buffer plate 6, so that the front end of the forward extension rod 12 extends into the range of the cutting head 2 and is located in the range of the spiral blade of the cutting head 2 in the circumferential direction. An elastic telescopic rod 13 is provided between the slip ring 11 and the front flange plate.
[0033] During the buffering process, the buffer rod 5 is pushed forward by the buffer plate 6 located at the front. At this time, the slip ring 11 drives the forward extension rod 12 to move forward. After the front end of the forward extension rod 12 enters the range of the cutting head 2, when the cutting head 2 runs, the spiral blades on its surface will hit the forward extension rod 12, applying a backward thrust to the forward extension rod 12. Then, through the forward extension rod 12, the slip ring 11, and the buffer plate 6 located at the front, a reverse force is provided to the buffer rod 5, which ultimately causes the buffer rod 5 to move outward to push out the stones or soil that fall on it, improving the removal effect of stones or soil. The elastic telescopic rod 13 provides a restoring force for the slip ring 11, and at the same time, part of its elastic force is also converted into a buffering effect.
[0034] Multiple support plates 14 are equidistantly arranged in the circumferential direction on the front flange plate. The bottom end of the support plate 14 is rotatably connected to the front flange plate. The top end of the support plate 14 is provided with a strip groove 15. A sliding rod 16 is provided in the slip ring 11 and passes through the strip groove 15. The top end of the elastic telescopic rod 13 is rotatably connected to the side of the support plate 14, and the bottom end of the elastic telescopic rod 13 is rotatably connected to the front flange plate. When the slip ring 11 is at its extreme position in the front and rear directions, the support plate 14 is tilted and the elastic telescopic rod 13 is stretched. When the slip ring 11 is at its extreme position in the front direction, the front end of the forward extension rod 12 extends into the range of the cutting head 2. When the slip ring 11 is at its extreme position in the rear direction, the buffer plate 6 is in close contact with the mounting ring 4, and the end of the buffer rod 5 is located in the middle position of the buffer groove 7.
[0035] Specifically, by setting up a support plate 14, a strip groove 15, and a slide rod 16, the support plate 14 is tilted backward at its outer end in the initial state, the slide rod 16 is located at the top of the strip groove 9, the rear door of the slip ring 11 is in contact with the buffer plate 6 located on the front side, and the buffer rod 5 is located in the initial position.
[0036] During the forward displacement and buffering process of the front buffer plate 6, the slip ring 11 is pushed forward. At this time, the outer end of the support plate 14 rotates forward. When the front buffer plate 6 pushes the slip ring 11 to move, causing the support plate 14 to tilt forward at its outer end, the front buffer plate 6 moves forward to its foremost extreme position. At this time, the support plate 14 is pulled by the buffer spring 8, which drives the slide plate to continue moving forward, eventually causing the slide plate to move forward to its foremost extreme position. Meanwhile, the spiral blades of the cutting head 2 can push the slide plate backward to the state where the outer end of the support plate 14 is tilted backward. After the spiral blades separate from the front extension rod 12, the slip ring 11 is pulled backward by the buffer spring 8 through the support plate 14.
[0037] The inner diameter of the slip ring 11 is larger than the outer diameter of the front flange plate. Multiple support plates 17 are fixedly installed on the inner surface of the slip ring 11, which are staggered with the buffer plate 6 in the circumferential direction. An auxiliary rod 18 is connected to the inner end of the support plate 17. The rear end of the auxiliary rod 18 passes through the two mounting rings 4 and is connected to the rear flange plate. The support plate 17 is slidably engaged with the front flange plate. When the buffer rod 5 moves to the innermost position of the mounting ring 4, it is located on the same circumference as the buffer rod 5. The auxiliary rod 18 and the buffer rod 5 are staggered in the circumferential direction.
[0038] By setting the auxiliary rod 18 in the circumferential direction between two adjacent buffer rods 5, the blocking effect on soil and stones can be further improved, thus enhancing the protection effect on the three-dimensional force measuring instrument.
[0039] The mounting ring 4 includes a semi-circular left ring body 4.1 and a right ring body 4.2. The tops of the left ring body 4.1 and the right ring body 4.2 are connected by a mounting shaft 19, and the mounting shaft 19 is mounted on a support 20. The two supports 20 are respectively mounted on the surfaces of the front flange plate and the rear flange plate, and the two supports 20 are respectively located on opposite sides of the two mounting rings 4.
[0040] The two left rings 4.1 are connected as one unit by the buffer rod 5 between them, and the two right rings 4.2 are connected as one unit by the buffer rod 5 between them, so that the two left rings 4.1 can rotate synchronously and the two right rings 4.2 can rotate synchronously. In turn, the bottom of the mounting ring 4 and the buffer rod 5 as a whole can be opened to remove the soil or stones accumulated between the three-dimensional force measuring instrument and the buffer rod 5.
[0041] The inner surfaces of the left ring body 4.1 and the right ring body 4.2 are provided with grooves 21 with the mounting shaft 19 as the circular shape for each auxiliary rod 18. When the left ring body 4.1 and the right ring body 4.2 are open, the grooves 21 are disengaged from the auxiliary rods 18. When the left ring body 4.1 and the right ring body 4.2 are closed, the grooves 21 are fitted onto the auxiliary rods 18.
[0042] By setting the slot 21, the auxiliary rod 18 can be smoothly fitted during the opening and closing of the left ring 4.1 and right ring 4.2. Especially after the left ring 4.1 and right ring 4.2 are opened, the auxiliary rod 18 can further protect the three-dimensional force measuring instrument.
[0043] The support plate 17 is slidably sleeved on the auxiliary rod 18, and the auxiliary rod 18 can rotate within the support plate 17. The front end of the auxiliary rod 18 located at the top of the left ring body 4.1 and the right ring body 4.2 is fixedly provided with a drive column. The surface of the drive column is provided with a spiral groove 22. The rear end of the spiral groove 22 is open. The support plate 17 is provided with a protrusion 23 that can enter the spiral groove 22. When the protrusion 23 enters the spiral groove 22, the front end of the extension rod 12 moves to the range of the cutting head 2. The rear end of the auxiliary rod 18 connected to the drive column is fixedly provided with a rotating rod 28. The left ring body 4.1 and the right ring body 4.2 located on the rear side are provided with a support rod. When the protrusion 23 moves backward in the spiral groove 22, the rotating rod 28 pushes against the support rod, causing the bottom of the left ring body 4.1 and the right ring body 4.2 to open. Specifically, in this embodiment, the support plate 47 with the protrusion 23 is cut from the top of the protrusion 23 to form a plane, the top of the protrusion 23 is connected to the plane, and the auxiliary rod 18 is located outside the support plate 17.
[0044] In this embodiment, the auxiliary rods 18 on the left ring body 4.1 and the right ring body 4.2 are symmetrically distributed. During the buffer stroke of the buffer rod 5, the slip ring 11 moves forward until the support rod is tilted forward at its outer end and separates from the buffer rod located on the front side. The slip ring 11 continues to move forward under the force of the buffer spring 8. At this time, the protrusion 23 enters the spiral groove 22 and drives the drive column and auxiliary rod 18 to rotate through the spiral groove 22, causing the rotating rod 28 to rotate and pass over the support rod. When the extension rod 12 is pushed by the spiral blades on the cutting head 2, causing the slip ring 11 to move backward, the protrusion 23 causes the drive column and auxiliary rod 18 to rotate in opposite directions through the spiral groove 22. At this time, the rotating rod 28 pushes the support rod to move as it passes over the support rod. The two support rods then drive the left ring body 4.1 and the right ring body 4.2 to rotate and open, respectively.
[0045] The left ring 4.1 and right ring 4.2 can only open when the buffer rod 5 moves inward to its innermost position, that is, when the buffer rod 5 has completed its compression stroke, meaning that the stones or soil falling onto the buffer rod 5 are of large mass and have a large impact force. At this time, the cutting head 2 uses its power to open the left ring 4.1 and right ring 4.2, allowing the soil or stones to move further away from the three-dimensional force measuring instrument, and pushing the stones or soil aside to more efficiently detach them from the buffer rod 5. In addition, after the left ring 4.1 and right ring 4.2 are opened, the larger opening formed at the bottom makes it easier for soil or stones accumulated inside the buffer rod 5 to detach.
[0046] When the slip ring 11 moves forward and the protrusion 23 disengages from the spiral groove 22, the left ring body 4.1 and the right ring body 4.2 rotate under eccentric action. At this time, the support rod pushes the auxiliary rod 18 and the drive column to rotate and reset through the rotating rod 28, and the left ring body 4.1 and the right ring body 4.2 reset to the closed state, thereby realizing the automatic opening and closing of the door.
[0047] The support rod includes a first rod 24 distributed along the axial direction, a second rod 25 vertically fixed to the bottom of the rear end of the first rod 24, and a third rod 26 disposed at the bottom end of the second rod 25. The third rod 26 is axially arranged, and the front end of the third rod 26 is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the second rod 25. A stop 27 is fixedly disposed on the outer side of the bottom end of the second rod 25. A torsion spring is disposed between the second rod 25 and the third rod 26 to cooperate with the stop 27 to keep the third rod 26 in an axial state. When the outer end of the rotating rod 28 rotates inward and passes through the third rod 26, the third rod 26 provides space for the movement of the rotating rod 28 by swinging inward. When the outer end of the rotating rod 28 rotates outward and passes through the third rod 26, the left ring 4.1 and the right ring 4.2 are opened.
[0048] In the initial state, the rotating rod 28 is tilted at its outer end away from the center of the cantilever 1, and the third rod 26 is located inside the rotating rod 28. The outer side of the rotating rod 28 is supported by the limiting block, which keeps the rotating rod 28 stably in the initial state.
[0049] As the protrusion 23 moves forward within the spiral groove 22, the rotating rod 28 rotates inward and passes the third rod 26, causing the third rod 26 to rotate and deform the torsion spring. During the rotation of the rotating rod 28 to its limit position, the third rod 26 separates from the rotating rod 28. At this point, the third rod 26 returns to its original position under the action of the torsion spring, while the rotating rod 28 moves to the inner position of the third rod 26.
[0050] As the protrusion 23 moves backward within the spiral groove 22, the rotating rod 28 rotates outward and passes through the third rod 26. At this time, the rotating rod 28 pushes the entire support rod outward through the third rod 26, and the two support rods drive the left ring body 4.1 and the right ring body 4.2 to open respectively.
[0051] When the front buffer plate 6 is in its foremost position, the protrusion 23 is tangent to the tail end inlet of the spiral groove 22, and the support plate 14 is tilted forward at its outer end. The front end of the extension rod 12 is within the range of the cutting head 2. This arrangement ensures that after the protrusion 23 separates from the spiral groove 22, the slip ring 11 remains pushed by the spiral blades, and the support rod remains tilted forward at its outer end. Consequently, the closing process of the left ring body 4.1 and the right ring body 4.2 precedes the rearward displacement and reset process of the slip ring 11, ensuring that the slip ring 11 resets backward only after the left ring body 4.1 and the right ring body 4.2 have reset and closed.
[0052] The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the contents of the above specification. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the above embodiments without departing from the technical concept of this invention, and all such modifications and variations should fall within the scope of this invention.
Claims
1. A tunneling machine cutting device capable of measuring cutting force, characterized in that, Including cantilever (1), cutting head (2) and three-dimensional force dynamometer (3), three-dimensional force dynamometer (3) is installed on cantilever (1) through front flange plate and rear flange plate, front flange plate and rear flange plate are all installed with mounting ring (4), adjacent two mounting rings (4) are provided with buffer rod (5) across three-dimensional force dynamometer (3), buffer rod (5) is arranged at equidistance in the circumference of mounting ring (4), buffer rod (5) can be displaced in the radial direction of mounting ring (4), the outside of mounting ring (4) is provided with buffer plate (6) that can be displaced in the axial direction, the side of buffer plate (6) towards mounting ring (4) is provided with "V-shaped buffer groove (7) with open side towards mounting ring (4), buffer spring (8) is arranged between the top end and bottom end of buffer plate (6) and mounting ring (4), the top end of buffer rod (5) is slidably arranged in buffer groove (7).
2. A cutting device of a boring machine capable of measuring a cutting force according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inside of mounting ring (4) is provided with rectangular sliding slot (9), the end of buffer rod (5) is fixedly installed with sliding block (10), sliding block (10) is slidably arranged in sliding slot (9).
3. A cutting device of a boring machine capable of measuring a cutting force according to claim 1, wherein The outside of front flange plate is slidably sleeved with sliding ring (11), the side towards drill bit is provided with front extension rod (12), the front displacement of buffer plate (6) located in front side pushes front extension rod (12), so that the front end of front extension rod (12) extends into the range of cutting head (2) and is located in the range of spiral blade of cutting head (2) in the circumferential direction, elastic telescopic rod (13) is arranged between sliding ring (11) and front flange plate.
4. A cutting device of a boring machine capable of measuring a cutting force according to claim 3, characterized in that, A plurality of support plates (14) are arranged at equidistance in the circumferential direction on front flange plate, the bottom end of support plate (14) is rotatably connected with front flange plate, the top end of support plate (14) is provided with strip-shaped slot (15), sliding rod (16) is arranged in sliding ring (11), sliding rod (16) is arranged in strip-shaped slot (15), the top end of elastic telescopic rod (13) is rotatably connected with the side of support plate (14), the bottom end of elastic telescopic rod (13) is rotatably connected with front flange plate, when sliding ring (11) is at the limit position in front and back directions, support plate (14) is in inclined state, and elastic telescopic rod (13) is stretched, when sliding ring (11) is at the limit position in front, the front end of front extension rod (12) extends into the range of cutting head (2), when sliding ring (11) is at the limit position in back, buffer plate (6) is tightly attached with mounting ring (4), and the end of buffer rod (5) is located at the middle position of buffer groove (7).
5. A cutting device of a boring machine capable of measuring a cutting force according to claim 4, characterized in that, The inner diameter of the sliding ring (11) is larger than the outer diameter of the front flange plate, the inner surface of the sliding ring (11) is fixedly provided with a plurality of support plates (17) staggered with the buffer plate (6) in the circumferential direction, the inner side end of the support plate (17) is connected with an auxiliary rod (18), the rear end of the auxiliary rod (18) penetrates through two installation rings (4) and is connected on the rear flange plate, the support plate (17) is in sliding fit with the front flange plate, the buffer rod (5) is located on the same circle with the buffer rod (5) when moving to the innermost position of the installation ring (4), and the auxiliary rod (18) and the buffer rod (5) are staggered in the circumferential direction.
6. A cutting device of a boring machine capable of measuring a cutting force according to claim 5, characterized in that, The installation ring (4) comprises a left ring body (4.1) and a right ring body (4.2) in semicircular shape, the top portions of the left ring body (4.1) and the right ring body (4.2) are connected through a mounting shaft (19), the mounting shaft (19) is mounted on a support (20), two support (20) are mounted on the surface of the front flange plate and the rear flange plate respectively, and two support (20) are located on the opposite sides of the two installation rings (4).
7. A cutting device of a boring machine capable of measuring a cutting force according to claim 6, characterized in that, The inner surface of the left ring body (4.1) and the right ring body (4.2) is provided with a sleeve groove (21) with the mounting shaft (19) as a circle corresponding to each auxiliary rod (18) inside it, and the sleeve groove (21) is separated from the auxiliary rod (18) when the left ring body (4.1) and the right ring body (4.2) are opened, the sleeve groove (21) is sleeved on the auxiliary rod (18) when the left ring body (4.1) and the right ring body (4.2) are closed.
8. A cutting device of a boring machine capable of measuring a cutting force according to claim 6, characterized in that, The support plate (17) is sleeved on the auxiliary rod (18), and the auxiliary rod (18) can rotate in the support plate (17), the front end of the auxiliary rod (18) located at the top of the left ring body (4.1) and the right ring body (4.2) is fixedly provided with a driving column, a helical groove (22) is formed on the surface of the driving column, the rear end of the helical groove (22) is in an open state, a protrusion (23) is arranged on the support plate (17) and can enter the helical groove (22), when the protrusion (23) enters the helical groove (22), the front end of the front extension rod (12) moves to the range of the cutting head (2), the rear end of the auxiliary rod (18) connected with the driving column is fixedly provided with a rotating rod (28), a supporting rod is arranged on the left ring body (4.1) and the right ring body (4.2) located at the rear side, and when the protrusion (23) is displaced backward in the helical groove (22), the rotating rod (28) outwardly supports the supporting rod, so that the left ring body (4.1) and the right ring body (4.2) are opened between the bottoms.
9. A cutting device of a boring machine capable of measuring a cutting force according to claim 8, characterized in that, The supporting rod comprises a first rod body (24) distributed along the axis, a second rod body (25) fixed vertically at the bottom of the rear end of the first rod body (24), and a third rod body (26) arranged at the bottom end of the second rod body (25), wherein the third rod body (26) is arranged along the axis, the front end of the third rod body (26) is rotationally connected with the bottom end of the second rod body (25), the outer side of the bottom end of the second rod body (25) is fixedly provided with a stop block (27), a torsion spring is arranged between the second rod body (25) and the third rod body (26) for cooperating with the stop block (27) to keep the third rod body (26) in the axial state, when the outer end of the rotating rod (28) rotates inwardly through the third rod body (26), the third rod body (26) swings inwardly to provide space for the movement of the rotating rod (28), and when the outer end of the rotating rod (28) rotates outwardly through the third rod body (26), the left ring body (4.1) and the right ring body (4.2) are opened.
10. A cutting device of a boring machine capable of measuring a cutting force according to claim 8, characterized in that, When the buffer plate (6) located at the front side is located at the most front side position, the protrusion (23) is tangent to the tail end entrance of the spiral groove (22), and the support plate (14) is in a state of inclining forward with the outer end, and the front end of the front extending rod (12) is located within the range of the cutting head (2).