Battery circuit breaking unit and battery pack

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of batteries, and discloses a battery circuit breaking unit and a battery pack, the battery circuit breaking unit comprises a first terminal, a second terminal, a third terminal, a first movable contact plate, a second movable contact plate and a driving assembly; every two of the first terminal, the second terminal and the third terminal are mutually spaced; the first movable contact plate can make contact with or break away from the first terminal and the third terminal. The second movable contact plate can make contact with or break away from the second terminal and the third terminal. The driving assembly is connected with the first movable contact plate and the second movable contact plate and is configured to drive the first movable contact plate and the second movable contact plate to move; when one of the first movable contact plate and the second movable contact plate makes contact motion, the other one makes separation motion; the first movable contact plate and the second movable contact plate are arranged and share the third terminal and the driving assembly, so that light weight and cost reduction of the battery pack are facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery circuit breaker unit and a battery pack. Background Technology

[0002] The battery distribution unit (BDU) of a battery pack typically uses a battery disconnect unit to control the on / off state of the high-voltage circuit.

[0003] Existing battery circuit breaker units use a single contact control method, meaning one battery circuit breaker unit can only control one control loop. When there are multiple control loops, multiple battery circuit breaker units need to be set up for separate control, which will occupy more space in the power distribution module. Furthermore, in special scenarios, there are requirements for interlocking multiple control loops, that is, when one loop is open, another loop needs to be disconnected. In this case, an additional interlocking mechanism needs to be designed outside the battery circuit breaker unit structure, such as interlocking the power supply port or embedding an additional PCB control board inside, which makes the overall power distribution control structure complex and is not conducive to the space utilization and cost control within the battery pack. Summary of the Invention

[0004] With the aim of at least solving one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a battery circuit breaker unit and a battery pack having the battery circuit breaker unit, wherein the battery circuit breaker unit is beneficial to the lightweighting and cost reduction of the battery pack.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a battery circuit breaker unit, including a first terminal, a second terminal, a third terminal, a first movable contact plate, a second movable contact plate, and a drive assembly.

[0006] The first terminal, the second terminal, and the third terminal are spaced apart from each other; the first movable contact plate is configured to make contact with or disengage from the first terminal and the third terminal to connect or disconnect the first terminal and the third terminal; the second movable contact plate is configured to make contact with or disengage from the second terminal and the third terminal to connect or disconnect the second terminal and the third terminal; a driving assembly is connected to the first movable contact plate and the second movable contact plate and is configured to drive the first movable contact plate and the second movable contact plate to move; and when one of the first movable contact plate and the second movable contact plate makes contact, the other makes disengagement.

[0007] In some embodiments, the first terminal and the second terminal are disposed opposite to each other; in the direction from the first terminal to the second terminal, the first terminal, the first movable contact plate, the second movable contact plate, and the second terminal are disposed sequentially; the third terminal includes a third stationary contact and a fourth stationary contact that are connected to each other; the third stationary contact is located on the side of the first movable contact plate facing the first terminal and is spaced apart from the first terminal; the fourth stationary contact is located on the side of the second movable contact plate facing the second terminal and is spaced apart from the second terminal; the first movable contact plate is configured to be able to make contact or disengage relative to the first terminal and the third stationary contact to connect or disconnect the first terminal and the third stationary contact; the second movable contact plate is configured to be able to make contact or disengage relative to the second terminal and the fourth stationary contact to connect or disconnect the second terminal and the fourth stationary contact.

[0008] In some embodiments, in the direction from the first terminal to the second terminal, the driving component is located between the first movable contact plate and the second movable contact plate, and both ends of the driving component are respectively connected to the first movable contact plate and the second movable contact plate to drive the first movable contact plate and the second movable contact plate to perform mutually exclusive movements.

[0009] In some embodiments, the driving assembly includes a driving coil, a first magnetic element, a second magnetic element, a movable iron core, a first push rod, and a second push rod. Along the direction from the first terminal to the second terminal, the driving coil is located between the first movable contact plate and the second movable contact plate and has a through-hole. The first magnetic element is disposed between the driving coil and the first movable contact plate, and the second magnetic element is disposed between the driving coil and the second movable contact plate. The movable iron core is located within the central hole. The first push rod passes through the first magnetic element and is slidable relative to the first magnetic element, and both ends of the first push rod are respectively connected to the movable iron core and the first movable contact plate. The second push rod passes through the second magnetic element and is slidable relative to the second magnetic element, and both ends of the second push rod are respectively connected to the movable iron core and the second movable contact plate. The end of the first magnetic element near the movable iron core is a first end, and the end of the second magnetic element near the movable iron core is a second end. The magnetic poles of the first end and the second end are opposite.

[0010] In some embodiments, the drive assembly further includes a first elastic element and a second elastic element, the first elastic element being sleeved on the first push rod and located between the movable iron core and the first magnetic element, and the second elastic element being sleeved on the second push rod and located between the movable iron core and the second magnetic element.

[0011] In some embodiments, the third terminal further includes a first conductive portion, a second conductive portion, and a third conductive portion, wherein the second conductive portion is connected to one end of the first conductive portion and has the third stationary contact, and the third conductive portion is connected to the other end of the first conductive portion and has the fourth stationary contact, and the second conductive portion and the third conductive portion are disposed opposite to each other.

[0012] In some embodiments, the battery circuit breaker unit further includes a first housing and a second housing; the first housing has a first sealed cavity and a fourth through hole and a fifth through hole communicating with the first sealed cavity, the first terminal passes through the fourth through hole, the third stationary contact passes through the fifth through hole, and the first moving contact plate is at least partially located within the first sealed cavity; the second housing has a second sealed cavity and a sixth through hole and a seventh through hole communicating with the second sealed cavity, the second terminal passes through the sixth through hole, the fourth stationary contact passes through the seventh through hole, and the second moving contact plate is at least partially located within the second sealed cavity; The second conductive part is located outside the first housing; the third conductive part is located outside the second housing.

[0013] In some embodiments, the first housing is fixed to the first magnetic element; and / or, the second housing is fixed to the second magnetic element.

[0014] In some embodiments, the battery circuit breaker unit further includes a housing; the housing has a receiving cavity and a first through hole, a second through hole and a third through hole communicating with the receiving cavity; the first terminal is sealed through the first through hole; the second terminal is sealed through the second through hole; the third terminal is sealed through the third through hole; the first movable contact plate, the second movable contact plate and the driving assembly are all disposed in the receiving cavity.

[0015] The present invention also provides a battery pack, the battery pack including the battery disconnect unit described in any of the above claims.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the battery circuit breaking unit of this invention has the following advantages: By controlling the first and second moving contact plates, the circuits composed of the first and third terminals and the second and third terminals can be controlled respectively, realizing the control of dual circuits by one circuit breaker unit. Furthermore, by connecting the first and second moving contact plates and configuring the drive components to make their movement states mutually exclusive (if one is in contact, the other is disengaged), the electrical interlock function between the two control circuits is realized from a mechanical structure perspective. This eliminates the need for additional port interlocking mechanisms or additional PCB control boards, which helps to simplify the overall architecture of the battery power distribution unit, improve system reliability, and reduce the number of components and space occupied by the power distribution unit. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery circuit breaker unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a top view of a battery circuit breaker unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of a battery circuit breaker unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the shell body provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the third terminal provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first housing provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second housing provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a first electrical schematic diagram of a battery circuit breaker unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a second electrical schematic diagram of a battery circuit breaker unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a third electrical schematic diagram of a battery circuit breaker unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 This is the fourth electrical schematic diagram of a battery circuit breaker unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] In the diagram, 1 is the outer shell; 10 is the accommodating cavity; 11 is the shell body; 12 is the mounting base; 111 is the top plate; 112 is the first side plate; 113 is the second side plate; 114 is the third side plate; 115 is the fourth side plate; 121 is the base; 122 is the mounting plate; 1111 is the third through hole; 1121 is the first through hole; 1131 is the second through hole; and 1221 is the mounting hole. 2. First terminal; 21. First stationary contact; 3. Second terminal; 31. Second stationary contact; 4. Third terminal; 41. First conductive part; 42. Second conductive part; 43. Third conductive part; 421. First conductive plate; 422. Second conductive plate; 423. First conductive post; 431. Third conductive plate; 432. Fourth conductive plate; 433. Second conductive post; 4231. Third stationary contact; 4331. Fourth stationary contact; 5. First moving contact plate; 6. Second moving contact plate; 7. Drive assembly; 71. Drive coil; 72. First magnetic component; 73. Second magnetic component; 74. Movable iron core; 75. First push rod; 76. Second push rod; 77. First elastic component; 78. Second elastic component; 710. Center hole; 721. First end; 731. Second end; 8. First housing; 80. First sealing cavity; 81. Fourth through hole; 82. Fifth through hole; 9. Second housing; 90. Second sealing cavity; 91. Sixth through hole; 92. Seventh through hole; 100. External interfaces; 1000, First control loop; 2000, Second control loop.

[0019] X, the first direction. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0021] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0022] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0023] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0024] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0025] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used in the description of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof in the description, claims and foregoing drawings of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0026] In this application, the reference to "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0027] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a battery circuit breaker unit, which includes a first terminal 2, a second terminal 3, a third terminal 4, a first movable contact plate 5, a second movable contact plate 6, and a drive assembly 7.

[0028] The first terminal 2, the second terminal 3, and the third terminal 4 are spaced apart from each other; the first movable contact plate 5 is configured to make contact or disengage from the first terminal 2 and the third terminal 4 to conduct or disconnect the first terminal 2 and the third terminal 4; the second movable contact plate 6 is configured to make contact or disengage from the second terminal 3 and the third terminal 4 to conduct or disconnect the second terminal 3 and the third terminal 4; the second movable contact plate 6 is mechanically connected to the first movable contact plate 5, so that the two form a motion linkage.

[0029] When the first terminal 2 and the third terminal 4 are in contact, a first control circuit 1000 is formed; when the second terminal 3 and the third terminal 4 are in contact, a second control circuit 2000 is formed.

[0030] The drive assembly 7 is connected to the first movable contact plate 5 and the second movable contact plate 6 and is configured to drive the first movable contact plate 5 and the second movable contact plate 6 to move; and when one of the first movable contact plate 5 and the second movable contact plate 6 makes a contact movement, the other makes a disengagement movement, thereby realizing the electrical interlock between the first circuit and the second circuit.

[0031] Based on this technical solution, by setting two moving contact plates (first moving contact plate 5 and second moving contact plate 6) and sharing the third terminal 4 and drive assembly 7, the on / off control of two independent control loops (a loop composed of the first terminal 2 and the third terminal 4, and a loop composed of the second terminal 3 and the third terminal 4) can be performed within a single battery circuit breaker unit. Compared to the prior art where each loop requires an independent battery circuit breaker unit, this application can reduce the number of components and the space occupied by the power distribution module, which is beneficial for the lightweighting of the battery pack and the reduction of costs.

[0032] By connecting the first moving contact plate 5 and the second moving contact plate 6, and configuring the drive component 7 to make their motion states mutually exclusive (if one is in contact, the other is out of contact), the electrical interlock function between the two control loops is realized from a mechanical structure perspective. There is no need to add an additional port interlock mechanism or implant an additional PCB control board, which helps to simplify the overall architecture of the battery power distribution module, improve system reliability, and reduce the failure risk and cost that may be caused by external interlock circuits.

[0033] This application directly reduces material costs by decreasing the number of components and integrating the interlocking mechanism. Simultaneously, the simpler structure of the battery circuit breaker unit means fewer assembly steps and lower process requirements, thereby improving production efficiency and product consistency, and contributing to overall cost control.

[0034] See Figures 1 to 3 The first terminal 2 and the second terminal 3 are arranged opposite to each other; in the direction from the first terminal 2 to the second terminal 3, the first terminal 2, the first movable contact plate 5, the second movable contact plate 6, and the second terminal 3 are arranged sequentially. The direction from the first terminal 2 to the second terminal 3 is defined as the first direction X.

[0035] The third terminal 4 includes a third stationary contact 4231 and a fourth stationary contact 4331 connected to each other; the third stationary contact 4231 is located on the side of the first movable contact plate 5 facing the first terminal 2 and is spaced apart from the first terminal 2; the fourth stationary contact 4331 is located on the side of the second movable contact plate 6 facing the second terminal 3 and is spaced apart from the second terminal 3; the first movable contact plate 5 is configured to make contact or disengage relative to the first terminal 2 and the third stationary contact 4231 to connect or disconnect the first terminal 2 and the third stationary contact 4231; the second movable contact plate 6 is configured to make contact or disengage relative to the second terminal 3 and the fourth stationary contact 4331 to connect or disconnect the second terminal 3 and the fourth stationary contact 4331.

[0036] By arranging the first terminal 2, the first moving contact plate 5, the second moving contact plate 6, and the second terminal 3 sequentially along a straight line in the first direction and adopting a relatively opposite layout, and setting the third terminal 4 as a structural component including two stationary contacts (the third stationary contact 4231 and the fourth stationary contact 4331), and arranging these two stationary contacts on the outside of the two moving contact plates respectively, these components of the first terminal 2, the first moving contact plate 5, the second moving contact plate 6, the second terminal 3, the third stationary contact 4231, and the fourth stationary contact 4331 can be highly integrated in the first direction to form a straight and symmetrical layout. This symmetrical layout not only helps to further reduce the space occupied by the battery circuit breaker unit and the power distribution module, but also helps to reduce the weight of the battery pack and reduce costs. This symmetrical layout also allows the force of the drive component 7 to act more directly and evenly on the linked first moving contact plate 5 and the second moving contact plate 6, which helps to improve the smoothness and reliability of the operation.

[0037] By setting the first terminal 2 and the third stationary contact 4231 relative to each other and spaced apart, and by setting the second terminal 3 and the fourth stationary contact 4331 relative to each other and spaced apart, the main current path can be made short and straight, which helps to reduce circuit resistance, reduce heat generation, and improve electrical performance.

[0038] The first terminal 2 has a first stationary contact 21. The first terminal 2 can conduct or disconnect the first terminal 2 and the third terminal 4 by contacting or disengaging the first stationary contact 21 and the third stationary contact 4231 of the third terminal 4.

[0039] The second terminal 3 has a second stationary contact 31. The second terminal 3 can conduct or disconnect the second terminal 3 and the third terminal 4 by contacting or disengaging the second stationary contact 31 and the fourth stationary contact 4331 of the third terminal 4.

[0040] See Figure 3In the direction from the first terminal 2 to the second terminal 3 (i.e., the first direction X), the drive assembly 7 is located between the first movable contact plate 5 and the second movable contact plate 6, and the two ends of the drive assembly 7 are respectively connected to the first movable contact plate 5 and the second movable contact plate 6 to drive the first movable contact plate 5 and the second movable contact plate 6 to perform mutually exclusive movements.

[0041] By placing the drive assembly 7 between the first moving contact plate 5 and the second moving contact plate 6, the external space and connection structure required for installing the drive assembly 7 can be eliminated. The components of the first terminal 2, the first moving contact plate 5, the second moving contact plate 6, the second terminal 3, the third stationary contact 4231, the fourth stationary contact 4331, and the drive assembly 7 can be highly integrated in the first direction. This helps to further reduce the space occupied by the battery circuit breaker unit, further reduce the space occupied by the power distribution module, and further facilitate the lightweighting and cost reduction of the battery pack.

[0042] By using the drive assembly 7 as a linkage mechanism that acts directly on the first moving contact plate 5 and the second moving contact plate 6 in the center, the driving force of the drive assembly 7 is located on the central axis of the motion system. This arrangement can better reduce the deflection torque and internal friction during the operation, making the contact and disengagement of the two moving contact plates more synchronous and smooth, and minimizing the required driving force, thereby improving the mechanical life and operational reliability of the mechanism.

[0043] See Figure 3 The drive assembly 7 includes a drive coil 71, a first magnetic element 72, a second magnetic element 73, a movable iron core 74, a first push rod 75, and a second push rod 76.

[0044] Along the direction from the first terminal 2 to the second terminal 3 (i.e., the first direction X), the drive coil 71 is located between the first movable contact plate 5 and the second movable contact plate 6 and has a through central hole 710. The first magnetic element 72 is disposed between the drive coil 71 and the first movable contact plate 5, and the second magnetic element 73 is disposed between the drive coil 71 and the second movable contact plate 6. The movable iron core 74 is located inside the central hole 710. The first push rod 75 passes through the first magnetic element 72 and can slide relative to the first magnetic element 72. The two ends of the first push rod 75 are respectively connected to the movable iron core 74 and the first movable contact plate 5. The second push rod 76 passes through the second magnetic element 73 and can slide relative to the second magnetic element 73. The two ends of the second push rod 76 are respectively connected to the movable iron core 74 and the second movable contact plate 6.

[0045] The end of the first magnetic element 72 near the movable iron core 74 is the first end 721, and the end of the second magnetic element 73 near the movable iron core 74 is the second end 731. The magnetic poles of the first end 721 and the second end 731 are opposite.

[0046] By configuring the first end 721 of the first magnetic element 72 and the second end 731 of the second magnetic element 73, which is opposite to the first end 721, to have opposite magnetic polarities, the movable iron core 74 is driven axially by magnetic force when the drive coil 71 is energized. This, in turn, drives the first movable contact plate 5 and the second movable contact plate 6 to perform mutually exclusive contact and disengagement movements via the first push rod 75 and the second push rod 76. Thus, the first magnetic element 72, the second magnetic element 73, and the movable iron core 74 together form a symmetrical bistable magnetic circuit system. When the drive coil 71 is energized and drives the movable iron core 74 to move, the movable iron core 74 can be stably held at one end under the action of the magnetic circuit, thereby achieving stable interlocking of the two movable contact plate states (i.e., one control circuit is stably conducting, and the other control circuit is stably disconnected), eliminating the need for continuous energization to maintain the state, thus reducing static power consumption and heat generation.

[0047] This application uses a single movable iron core 74 to directly and rigidly connect the first push rod 75 and the second push rod 76, enabling the electromagnetic driving force to be transmitted simultaneously to the first moving contact plate 5 and the second moving contact plate 6 without delay or loss. This direct mechanical linkage ensures a high degree of synchronization and determinism in the interlocking action, avoiding the timing errors that may exist when using two independent electromagnets, and preventing the risk of two control circuits being simultaneously activated, resulting in high safety and reliability. Furthermore, by centering the coil and arranging the movable iron core 74, the first push rod 75, and the second push rod 76 in a straight line along a first direction, this application helps to further reduce the space occupied by the battery disconnect unit.

[0048] The drive assembly 7 also includes a first elastic element 77 and a second elastic element 78. The first elastic element 77 is sleeved on the first push rod 75 and located between the movable iron core 74 and the first magnetic element 72. The second elastic element 78 is sleeved on the second push rod 76 and located between the movable iron core 74 and the second magnetic element 73.

[0049] Thus, by setting the preload of the first elastic element 77 and the second elastic element 78, the combined force of the first elastic element 77 and the second elastic element 78 when the drive coil 71 is not energized (normal state) can stably keep the movable iron core 74 in the middle position, forcing the first moving contact plate 5 and the second moving contact plate 6 to simultaneously disengage from their respective stationary contacts. Therefore, when the battery pack loses power, the battery circuit breaker unit can automatically and reliably disconnect the two control circuits, constructing an inherent fault-safe mechanism that does not rely on external energy or signals, improving the safety of the battery pack in the event of unexpected power outages, control system failures, or emergencies. Simultaneously, the elastic force provided by the first elastic element 77 and the second elastic element 78 can cooperate with the bistable magnetic circuit system to ensure that when the drive coil 71 is de-energized or a reverse pulse is applied, the movable iron core 74 can quickly and reliably start and move to the other side, making the interlocking state switching of the two control circuits faster and more reliable.

[0050] The magnetic components are made of soft magnetic materials with high permeability, low coercivity, certain mechanical strength, and good machinability. Specifically, the magnetic components can be, but are not limited to, electrical pure iron (such as DT4 series), low carbon steel (such as 08Al, 10# steel), silicon steel sheets, iron-nickel soft magnetic alloys, etc.

[0051] See Figure 3 and Figure 5 The third terminal 4 also includes a first conductive part 41, a second conductive part 42 and a third conductive part 43. The second conductive part 42 is connected to one end of the first conductive part 41 and has a third stationary contact 4231. The third conductive part 43 is connected to the other end of the first conductive part 41 and has a fourth stationary contact 4331. The second conductive part 42 and the third conductive part 43 are arranged opposite to each other.

[0052] The first conductive part 41, as a shared conductive body, can provide a balanced common current path for the first control circuit 1000 and the second control circuit 2000. The second conductive part 42 and the third conductive part 43 extend symmetrically from both ends of the conductive body, which allows the third stationary contact 4231 and the fourth stationary contact 4331 to be symmetrically arranged about the central axis of the first conductive part 41. This makes the resistance of the two conductive circuits formed by the third stationary contact 4231 and the fourth stationary contact 4331 close. The close resistance of the two conductive circuits can reduce the risk of abnormal current increase in one circuit due to impedance imbalance, which may cause the contact or wire to overheat.

[0053] Preferably, the third terminal 4 is an integrally formed conductive structure. In this way, the first conductive part 41, the second conductive part 42, and the third conductive part 43 can be integrated into a single standard component, which can reduce the number of parts and assembly steps, and help reduce material and management costs.

[0054] See Figure 5 The second conductive part 42 includes a first conductive plate 421, a second conductive plate 422 and a first conductive post 423. The first conductive plate 421 is connected to the first conductive part 41, the second conductive plate 422 is connected to the end of the first conductive plate 421 away from the first conductive part 41, and the first conductive post 423 is connected to the second conductive plate 422 and is provided with a third stationary contact 4231.

[0055] The first conductive plate 421 and the second conductive plate 422 can expand the heat dissipation surface area of ​​the second conductive part 42, providing an additional, low-thermal-resistance heat dissipation path for the Joule heat generated at the third stationary contact 4231. At the same time, the first conductive plate 421 and the second conductive plate 422 can actively guide and balance the current flow, optimize the utilization rate of the conductor cross-section of the second conductive post 433, reduce the risk of local current density and hot spot generation, thereby further improving the load capacity and long-term reliability under high current conditions.

[0056] See Figure 5 The second conductive part 42 includes a third conductive plate 431, a fourth conductive plate 432, and a second conductive post 433. The third conductive plate 431 is connected to the first conductive part 41, and the fourth conductive plate 432 is connected to the end of the third conductive plate 431 away from the first conductive part 41. The fourth conductive plate 432 and the second conductive plate 422 are arranged opposite to each other. The first conductive post 423 is connected to the side of the second conductive plate 422 facing the fourth conductive plate 432, and the second conductive post 433 is connected to the side of the fourth conductive plate 432 facing the second conductive plate 422 and is provided with a fourth stationary contact 4331.

[0057] Similarly, the third conductive plate 431 and the fourth conductive plate 432 can provide an additional, low-thermal-resistance heat dissipation path for the Joule heat generated at the fourth stationary contact 4331; this can reduce the risk of local current density and hot spots, thereby further improving the load capacity and long-term reliability under high current conditions.

[0058] Specifically, the first conductive post 423 and the second conductive post 433 are arranged opposite to each other, and the end of the first conductive post 423 facing the second conductive post 433 is provided with a third stationary contact 4231, and the end of the second conductive post 433 facing the first conductive post 423 is provided with a fourth stationary contact 4331.

[0059] See Figures 1 to 4 The battery circuit breaker unit also includes a housing 1, which has a receiving cavity 10 and a first through hole 1121, a second through hole 1131 and a third through hole 1111 connected to the receiving cavity 10; a first terminal 2 is sealed through the first through hole 1121; a second terminal 3 is sealed through the second through hole 1131; a third terminal 4 is sealed through the third through hole 1111; a first movable contact plate 5, a second movable contact plate 6 and a drive assembly 7 are all disposed in the receiving cavity 10.

[0060] In this way, the internal functional components of the battery circuit breaker unit (such as the drive assembly 7 and the moving contact plate) can be directly installed as a sub-module into the same housing cavity 10. The assembly process is simple, eliminating the need to handle the alignment, connection, and separate sealing of multiple separate housings, simplifying the production process, reducing assembly complexity, and facilitating automated production and improved product consistency. Simultaneously, each housing cavity 10 only needs to handle the sealing of three terminal lead-out holes, minimizing the number of sealing points and simplifying sealing management. Containing the internal functional components within the same internal environment of the housing cavity 10 also avoids potential pressure differentials or minute leakage differences between separate cavities, enabling unified protection against the external environment at a lower cost.

[0061] The outer casing 1 includes a casing body 11 and a mounting base 12; the mounting base 12 includes a base body 121 and a mounting plate 122. The base body 121 is connected to the casing body 11 to form a receiving cavity 10. The mounting plate 122 is connected to the base body 121 and located outside the receiving cavity 10. The mounting plate 122 is provided with a mounting hole 1221.

[0062] By providing a mounting plate 122 with mounting holes 1221, a standardized, plug-and-play mechanical interface can be provided for the entire battery circuit breaker unit. This allows the unit to be quickly, accurately, and securely installed onto the battery pack housing or bracket using fasteners such as bolts, simplifying the assembly process in the battery pack assembly, improving production efficiency and installation consistency, and ensuring the product's reliability against vibration during vehicle operation.

[0063] The battery disconnect unit also includes an external interface 100, at least a portion of which is located within the accommodating cavity 10 and connected to the drive coil 71. The drive coil 71 is electrically connected to the outside of the relay via the external interface 100.

[0064] The shell body 11 includes a top plate 111, a first side plate 112, a second side plate 113, a third side plate 114, and a fourth side plate 115. The top plate 111 and the base body 121 are arranged opposite to each other. The first side plate 112 and the second side plate 113 are arranged opposite to each other. The first side plate 112 is provided with a first through hole 1121, and the second side plate 113 is provided with a second through hole 1131. The third side plate 114 is connected between the first side plate 112 and the second side plate 113. The fourth side plate 115 is connected between the first side plate 112 and the second side plate 113 and is arranged opposite to the third side plate 114. The first side plate 112, the second side plate 113, the third side plate 114, and the fourth side plate 115 are all connected to the top plate 111. The top plate 111 and the base body 121 are arranged opposite to each other. The top plate 111 is provided with a third through hole 1111.

[0065] Thus, the three terminals extending from three different planes provide ample, non-interfering wiring space for the high-voltage cable connections within the battery pack, facilitating the fixing and routing management of the wiring harness. Simultaneously, the arrangement of the first terminal 2 and the second terminal 3 extending from opposite sides facilitates the formation of symmetrical airflow channels on both sides of the unit, which, combined with top-level heat dissipation, enhances the efficiency of natural convection cooling. Furthermore, with the third terminal 4 (common terminal) extending from the top and the first and second terminals 2 and 3 extending from opposite sides, this layout ensures that all external electrical connection points are located on easily observable and accessible external surfaces. Post-installation inspections (such as temperature measurement and checking for tightness) or maintenance are extremely convenient, requiring no disassembly or movement of the unit.

[0066] See Figure 3 , Figure 6 and Figure 7The battery circuit breaker unit also includes a first housing 8 and a second housing 9; the first housing 8 and the second housing 9 are connected to each other to jointly house the drive assembly 7.

[0067] The first housing 8 has a first sealing cavity 80 and a fourth through hole 81 and a fifth through hole 82 connected to the first sealing cavity 80. The first terminal 2 passes through the fourth through hole 81, the third stationary contact 4231 passes through the fifth through hole 82, and the first moving contact plate 5 is at least partially located in the first sealing cavity 80.

[0068] The second housing 9 has a second sealing cavity 90 and a sixth through hole 91 and a seventh through hole 92 communicating with the second sealing cavity 90. The second terminal 3 passes through the sixth through hole 91, the fourth stationary contact 4331 passes through the seventh through hole 92, and the second moving contact plate 6 is at least partially located inside the second sealing cavity 90. The second conductive part 42 is located outside the first housing 8, and the third conductive part 43 is located outside the second housing 9.

[0069] By establishing independent first sealed cavities 80 and second sealed cavities 90 through the first control circuit 1000 and the second control circuit 2000 respectively, critical moving and stationary contacts can be isolated in a controlled clean environment, preventing contact oxidation or short circuits caused by the intrusion of dust, moisture, corrosive gases, etc. Even if the integrity of one cavity is damaged due to extreme conditions (such as arc erosion), the other cavity can still remain sealed, achieving fault isolation and improving the long-term reliability and lifespan of the battery pack under harsh operating conditions. At the same time, the two independent sealed cavities physically isolate the two control circuits in space, which can increase the electrical clearance and creepage distance between each other and between each circuit and ground. This helps to suppress the spread of operating arcs between cavities and reduces the probability of flashover or short circuits caused by insulation degradation due to condensation and contamination, meeting higher levels of electrical safety standards.

[0070] The modular housing design allows for relatively independent inspection, maintenance, or replacement of individual control circuits (including their terminals, contacts, and moving contacts) without disassembling the entire battery circuit breaker unit.

[0071] The first housing 8 and the second housing 9 are both located within the outer casing 1. The outer casing 1 serves as the first line of defense, protecting against basic external dust, moisture, and mechanical impacts. The independent sealed cavities of the first housing 8 and the second housing 9 within the outer casing 1 act as the second line of defense, providing a highly clean and stable microenvironment for the core switching contacts and better preventing the risk of insulation degradation between the two control circuits due to condensation, contamination, or arcing products. Even if the outer casing 1 is damaged by extreme impacts, the independent internal cavities of the first housing 8 and the second housing 9 can still maintain their sealing and protective functions, providing system robustness.

[0072] Optionally, the first housing 8 is fixed to the first magnetic element 72; and / or, the second housing 9 is fixed to the second magnetic element 73. The magnetic element is usually made of metal and is a good heat conductor. By fixing the housing to it, the heat generated from the internal moving contact plate and push rod moving parts can be conducted to the housing through the magnetic element and then dissipated to the external environment, resulting in good heat dissipation.

[0073] In some embodiments, see Figure 3 The first housing 8 is fixed to the first magnetic component 72; the second housing 9 is fixed to the second magnetic component 73.

[0074] See Figures 8 to 11 It includes main contact K (representing the third terminal 4), branch contact A (representing the first terminal 2), and branch contact B (representing the second terminal 3), where K connects to the main circuit, and branch contact A and branch contact B connect to the branch circuits respectively. Virtual contact C serves as a virtual reference point (dry connection) for the logic disconnected state.

[0075] Figure 8 This is the initial power-off state of the battery circuit breaker unit provided by the present invention; see reference. Figure 8 and combined Figure 3 Understandably, when no voltage is applied to either of the two power supply lines of the drive coil 71, or the applied voltage difference is zero, no current flows through the drive coil 71, and therefore no excitation magnetic field is generated. At this time, the movable iron core 74 is not subject to electromagnetic driving force and is in its initial position or an intermediate position held by an auxiliary mechanism (such as an elastic element). In this state, the first movable contact 5, the first terminal 2, and the third terminal 4 are disconnected, and the second movable contact 6, the second terminal 3, and the third terminal 4 are disconnected. That is, the main contact K, the branch contact A, and the branch contact B are all disconnected, and neither the first control circuit 1000 nor the second control circuit 2000 controlled by the battery circuit breaker unit is energized.

[0076] Figure 9 The first control circuit 1000 of the battery circuit breaking unit provided by this invention is in the on state; see reference. Figure 9 and combined Figure 3Understanding this, when a positive driving voltage is applied to the drive coil 71, for example, a positive voltage (e.g., +12V) is applied to its first power supply line and the second power supply line is grounded (GND), a positive voltage difference (e.g., +12V) is generated across the drive coil 71. According to the principle of electromagnetic induction, the drive coil 71 generates a directional magnetic field, whose magnetic circuit causes the first end 721 of the first magnetic element 72 to exhibit a first magnetic polarity (e.g., N pole), and the second end 731 of the second magnetic element 73 to exhibit the opposite second magnetic polarity (e.g., S pole). Under the action of this magnetic field, the movable iron core 74 experiences an electromagnetic attraction towards the first magnetic element 72 and moves towards it. This movement causes the first movable contact 5 connected to the movable iron core 74 to actuate, thereby closing and connecting the main contact K and the branch contact A, thus connecting the first control circuit 1000. Simultaneously, the main contact K and the branch contact B remain or change to an open state, and the second control circuit 2000 is disconnected.

[0077] Figure 10 The second control circuit 2000 of the battery circuit breaking unit provided by this invention is in the on state; see reference. Figure 10 and combined Figure 3 Understanding this, when a driving voltage opposite to the positive direction (i.e., in the reverse direction) is applied to the driving coil 71, for example, by grounding its first power supply line (GND) and applying a positive voltage (e.g., +12V) to its second power supply line, a reverse voltage difference (e.g., -12V) is generated across the driving coil 71. At this time, the direction of the magnetic field generated by the driving coil 71 is... Figure 9 Conversely, this reverses the magnetic polarity of the first end 721 of the first magnetic element 72 (e.g., S pole) and the magnetic polarity of the second end 731 of the second magnetic element 73 (e.g., N pole). The movable iron core 74 is thus subjected to an electromagnetic attraction toward the second magnetic element 73 and moves towards it. This movement actuates the second movable contact 6, thereby closing and connecting the main contact K and the branch contact B, thus activating the second control circuit 2000. Simultaneously, the main contact K and the branch contact A remain or change to an open state, and the first control circuit 1000 is disconnected.

[0078] Figure 11 This refers to the disconnection state of the battery circuit breaker unit under common-mode voltage provided by the present invention; see reference. Figure 11 and combined Figure 3It is understood that when the same potential is applied to the two power supply lines of the drive coil 71, for example, simultaneously applying a high potential of +12V, the voltage difference across the coil is zero. Similar to Embodiment 1, no net current flows through the drive coil 71, and no effective excitation magnetic field is generated. The movable iron core 74 is not driven by a unidirectional electromagnetic force, and therefore will not move toward any magnetic component. The battery disconnect unit will maintain or return to the open state, that is, the main contact K, branch contact A, and branch contact B are all open, and the first control circuit 1000 and the second control circuit 2000 controlled by the battery disconnect unit are not energized.

[0079] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and substitutions should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery circuit breaker unit, characterized in that, The utility model relates to a kind of contactor, comprising: First terminal (2), second terminal (3) and third terminal (4) are spaced apart from each other in pairs; First movable contact plate (5) is configured to be in contact or disengagement movement relative to the first terminal (2) and the third terminal (4) to turn on or turn off the first terminal (2) and the third terminal (4); Second movable contact plate (6) is configured to be in contact or disengagement movement relative to the second terminal (3) and the third terminal (4) to turn on or turn off the second terminal (3) and the third terminal (4); Driving assembly (7) is connected with the first movable contact plate (5) and the second movable contact plate (6), and is configured to drive the first movable contact plate (5) and the second movable contact plate (6) to move;And when one of the first movable contact plate (5) and the second movable contact plate (6) is in contact movement, the other is in disengagement movement.

2. The battery disconnect unit of claim 1, wherein, The first terminal (2) and the second terminal (3) are oppositely arranged;In the direction from the first terminal (2) to the second terminal (3), the first terminal (2), the first movable contact plate (5), the second movable contact plate (6) and the second terminal (3) are sequentially arranged; The third terminal (4) includes third stationary contact (4231) and fourth stationary contact (4331) connected with each other;The third stationary contact (4231) is located on the side of the first movable contact plate (5) towards the first terminal (2) and is arranged spaced apart from the first terminal (2);The fourth stationary contact (4331) is located on the side of the second movable contact plate (6) towards the second terminal (3) and is arranged spaced apart from the second terminal (3);The first movable contact plate (5) is configured to be in contact or disengagement movement relative to the first terminal (2) and the third stationary contact (4231) to turn on or turn off the first terminal (2) and the third stationary contact (4231);The second movable contact plate (6) is configured to be in contact or disengagement movement relative to the second terminal (3) and the fourth stationary contact (4331) to turn on or turn off the second terminal (3) and the fourth stationary contact (4331).

3. The battery disconnect unit of claim 2, wherein, In the direction from the first terminal (2) to the second terminal (3), the driving assembly (7) is located between the first movable contact plate (5) and the second movable contact plate (6), and the two ends of the driving assembly (7) are connected with the first movable contact plate (5) and the second movable contact plate (6) respectively to drive the first movable contact plate (5) and the second movable contact plate (6) to move in repulsion.

4. The battery disconnect unit of claim 2 or 3, wherein, The driving assembly (7) includes driving coil (71), first magnetic part (72), second magnetic part (73), movable iron core (74), first push rod (75) and second push rod (76); The driving coil (71) is located between the first moving contact plate (5) and the second moving contact plate (6) in the direction from the first terminal (2) to the second terminal (3) and has a center hole (710) penetrating through, the first magnetic member (72) is arranged between the driving coil (71) and the first moving contact plate (5), the second magnetic member (73) is arranged between the driving coil (71) and the second moving contact plate (6), and the movable iron core (74) is located in the center hole (710); the first push rod (75) is arranged through the first magnetic member (72) and can slide relative to the first magnetic member (72), and the two ends of the first push rod (75) are connected to the movable iron core (74) and the first moving contact plate (5) respectively; the second push rod (76) is arranged through the second magnetic member (73) and can slide relative to the second magnetic member (73), and the two ends of the second push rod (76) are connected to the movable iron core (74) and the second moving contact plate (6) respectively. The end of the first magnetic member (72) close to the movable iron core (74) is a first end (721), the end of the second magnetic member (73) close to the movable iron core (74) is a second end (731), and the magnetic poles of the first end (721) and the second end (731) are opposite.

5. The battery disconnect unit of claim 4, wherein, The driving assembly (7) further comprises a first elastic member (77) and a second elastic member (78), the first elastic member (77) is sleeved on the first push rod (75) and located between the movable iron core (74) and the first magnetic member (72), and the second elastic member (78) is sleeved on the second push rod (76) and located between the movable iron core (74) and the second magnetic member (73).

6. The battery disconnect unit of claim 4, wherein, The third terminal (4) further comprises a first conductive part (41), a second conductive part (42) and a third conductive part (43), the second conductive part (42) is connected to one end of the first conductive part (41) and has the third stationary contact point (4231), the third conductive part (43) is connected to the other end of the first conductive part (41) and has the fourth stationary contact point (4331), and the second conductive part (42) and the third conductive part (43) are oppositely arranged.

7. The battery disconnect unit of claim 6, wherein, Further comprising a first housing (8) and a second housing (9); The first housing (8) has a first sealed cavity (80) and a fourth through hole (81) and a fifth through hole (82) communicating with the first sealed cavity (80), the first terminal (2) is arranged through the fourth through hole (81), the third stationary contact point (4231) is arranged through the fifth through hole (82), and the first moving contact plate (5) is at least partially located in the first sealed cavity (80); The second shell (9) has a second sealed cavity (90), and a sixth through hole (91) and a seventh through hole (92) in communication with the second sealed cavity (90), the second terminal (3) is arranged in the sixth through hole (91), the fourth static contact (4331) is arranged in the seventh through hole (92), and the second movable contact plate (6) is at least partially located in the second sealed cavity (90). The second conductive part (42) is located outside the first shell (8); and the third conductive part (43) is located outside the second shell (9).

8. The battery disconnect unit of claim 7, wherein, The first shell (8) is fixed to the first magnetic member (72); and / or the second shell (9) is fixed to the second magnetic member (73).

9. The battery disconnect unit of claim 1 or 7, wherein, The housing (1) further comprises a shell (1); The housing (1) has a containing cavity (10) and a first through hole (1121), a second through hole (1131) and a third through hole (1111) in communication with the containing cavity (10); The first terminal (2) is sealingly arranged in the first through hole (1121); the second terminal (3) is sealingly arranged in the second through hole (1131); the third terminal (4) is sealingly arranged in the third through hole (1111); and the first movable contact plate (5), the second movable contact plate (6) and the driving assembly (7) are all arranged in the containing cavity (10).

10. A battery pack, characterized by, The battery circuit breaking unit comprises the battery circuit breaking unit according to any one of claims 1-9.

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