Intelligent sky screen glass capable of automatically displaying and preparation method of intelligent sky screen glass

Abstract

The invention discloses intelligent sunscreen glass capable of automatically displaying. The intelligent sunscreen glass comprises a first glass substrate, a second glass substrate, a functional diaphragm and a light source module, the functional diaphragm comprises a first thermoplastic diaphragm, a second thermoplastic diaphragm and a composite dimming diaphragm arranged between the first thermoplastic diaphragm and the second thermoplastic diaphragm; the composite dimming diaphragm comprises three dye liquid crystal layers and four PET-ITO film layers, the four PET-ITO film layers and the three dye liquid crystal layers are sequentially and alternately arranged from top to bottom, and the three dye liquid crystal layers are respectively a red dye liquid crystal layer, a green dye liquid crystal layer and a blue dye liquid crystal layer which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; the invention also provides a preparation method of the smart sunscreen glass. According to the invention, on the basis of keeping the unique openness and freedom of the automobile sky screen, the free change of the starry sky top is realized, and the color expression capability is greatly expanded; and the overall strength and weather resistance of the smart sunscreen glass are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of skylight glass technology, and in particular to a smart skylight glass capable of autonomous display and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, automotive starlight roofs mainly fall into four mainstream categories. While each has its own characteristics, they all have significant limitations, making it difficult to simultaneously achieve functional compatibility, material durability, and safety. These are as follows:

[0003] 1. Multi-fiber combined luminous starry sky ceiling: Hundreds to thousands of holes are pre-drilled in the genuine leather ceiling, and independent optical fibers are inserted into the holes. At the same time, grooves are engraved on the optical fibers to adjust the refraction effect of the fibers, mimicking the density of galaxies. Representative models: Rolls-Royce Wraith and other high-end models.

[0004] 2. Translucent leather-wrapped starry sky roof: The roof is covered with translucent leather, and the starry sky pattern is displayed by light guide plates. Representative models are Buick Century and Changan Deep Blue. It has the same advantages as the multi-fiber optic solution, but it also has the problems of easy damage to leather and frequent maintenance, and it cannot coexist with panoramic sunroof.

[0005] 3. Backlit laser-engraved starry sky roof: Pattern layers are processed inside the glass roof using laser engraving technology. A backlight module (such as RGB LED) provides the light source. The light is refracted inside the glass, ultimately presenting a dazzling luminous effect. Representative models: BMW Starry Sky Panoramic Sunroof, BYD Sunrise.

[0006] 4. In-vehicle projection starry sky ceiling: This uses projection technology to project starry sky patterns onto the car's interior ceiling. Representative models: JIFOOK series and some aftermarket models.

[0007] However, these types of automotive starlight roofs all have some problems. The multi-fiber optic starlight roof, exemplified by the Rolls-Royce Wraith, and the translucent leather-wrapped starlight roof, represented by the Buick Century and Changan Deep Blue, have simple manufacturing processes, significant cost advantages, and are easier to personalize for customers. However, genuine leather is prone to aging and wear during use, requiring regular maintenance. Furthermore, these two types of starlight roofs cannot be fitted with panoramic sunroofs after the ambient lighting is installed. The backlit laser-engraved starlight roofs, represented by BMW series and BYD's "Looking Up" model, as well as the patented CN 219867574U starlight roof ambient lighting and vehicles, create a dazzling visual effect, especially at night or in low-light environments. This structure can coexist with a large panoramic sunroof, greatly enhancing the sense of space inside the vehicle. Although the backlit laser-engraved starlight roof design has undergone rigorous testing and verification, under certain extreme conditions (such as strong impacts or high-temperature environments), its glass material may be damaged, potentially causing safety hazards. In-car projection starry sky ceilings, exemplified by Mercedes-Benz models, can present a more dynamic and realistic starry sky effect. However, they are relatively expensive and complex to install. Furthermore, the implementation of in-car projection involves multiple aspects such as projection equipment, light sources, and image processing. If problems arise, professional personnel are required for repair and inspection, which increases the difficulty and cost of maintenance.

[0008] Therefore, the current mainstream starry sky roof products have the following shortcomings: starry sky roofs with multi-fiber combined light emission and light-transmitting leather wrapping are difficult to integrate perfectly with car sunroofs, and the latter are easily damaged and troublesome to maintain; backlit laser-etched starry sky roofs have a gorgeous and high-tech effect, but in extreme environments, safety hazards cannot be ignored; fluorescent starry sky roofs are limited by limited color changes, lack of interactivity, and easy decay of energy storage materials. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of this invention is to provide a smart canopy glass capable of autonomous display and its preparation method, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a smart canopy glass capable of autonomous display, comprising a first glass substrate, a second glass substrate, and a light source module arranged vertically, wherein a functional film is provided between the first glass substrate and the second glass substrate;

[0011] The functional film includes a first thermoplastic film, a second thermoplastic film disposed vertically, and a composite dimming film disposed between the first thermoplastic film and the second thermoplastic film;

[0012] The composite dimming film comprises three dye-liquid crystal layers and four PET-ITO film layers. The four PET-ITO film layers and the three dye-liquid crystal layers are alternately arranged from top to bottom. The three dye-liquid crystal layers are one of red, green, or blue dye-liquid crystal layers. Each PET-ITO film layer consists of a flexible PET substrate and several ITO squares arranged in a rectangular array on it. The four PET-ITO film layers are, respectively, a first PET-ITO film layer, a second PET-ITO film layer, a third PET-ITO film layer, and a fourth PET-ITO film layer arranged vertically. The three dye-liquid crystal layers can be arranged in a sequential order of red, green, and blue dye-liquid crystal layers, or the alternating combination of the red, green, and blue dye-liquid crystal layers can be adjusted as needed; there is no fixed order restriction.

[0013] Further optimization involves combining an ITO square on each PET-ITO film layer with the nearest ITO square on the adjacent PET-ITO film layer and the dye liquid crystal particles on the dye liquid crystal layer between them to form a liquid crystal control module. The four PET-ITO film layers and the three dye liquid crystal layers together form three liquid crystal control modules, and the three liquid crystal control modules on the same vertical plane form a color display control block. Each color display control block can independently realize single-color display of red, green, and blue or multi-color mixed display, and achieve a dynamic starry sky effect through pixel-level control.

[0014] Further optimizations are made, with the first and fourth PET-ITO film layers being single-sided PET-ITO film layers, meaning that only one side has an ITO conductive layer composed of ITO squares; the second and third PET-ITO film layers are double-sided PET-ITO film layers.

[0015] Further optimization involves providing a heat-insulating heating layer and a photovoltaic cell module layer with photoelectric conversion function on the inner side of the first or second glass substrate, with an insulating layer between the heat-insulating heating layer and the photovoltaic cell module layer.

[0016] Further optimization involves providing a heat-insulating heating layer or a photovoltaic cell module layer with photoelectric conversion function on the inner side of the first glass substrate, and providing a heat-insulating heating layer or a photovoltaic cell module layer with photoelectric conversion function on the inner side of the second glass substrate.

[0017] Further optimization is made to include a three-layer basic structure comprising at least a low-resistance transparent conductive layer, a silver base layer, and a low-resistance transparent conductive layer, with a total thickness of 100-500 nm.

[0018] Further optimization involves the light source module comprising LED light strips and a columnar microlens array layer covering its surface. The light source module is arranged around the edge of the canopy glass composed of a first glass substrate, a functional film, and a second glass substrate, and is tightly bonded to the canopy glass through an injection molding edge-wrapping process.

[0019] This invention also provides a method for preparing a smart canopy glass, including the aforementioned self-displaying smart canopy glass, the steps of which are as follows:

[0020] Step 1: Prepare the first and second glass substrates. Select a 2-4mm thick glass sheet, cut, bend, grind, and shape it. After washing and drying, deposit a heat insulation layer, an insulating layer, and a photovoltaic cell module layer on the inner side of the glass according to design requirements. Then, heat it at high temperature and press it with a die to obtain the first and second glass substrates.

[0021] Step two: Prepare a composite dimming film, and coat the upper and lower sides of the composite dimming film with thermoplastic films to form a functional film. The preparation method of the composite dimming film is as follows:

[0022] (1) Deposition of ITO film: ITO film was prepared on PET flexible substrate by radio frequency magnetron sputtering to obtain ITO film with a thickness of 100-300nm and a sheet resistance of 5-20Ω / □. Single-layer PET-ITO film and double-layer PET-ITO film were prepared.

[0023] (2) Pattern formation: A layer of photosensitive resin is uniformly coated on the PET-ITO film and then dried. Then, a mask is used to cover the circuit pattern and expose it onto the photoresist. The photoresist is then developed to reveal the area on the ITO film that needs to be etched. Then, an etching method is used to remove the exposed ITO area to obtain the desired pattern. Finally, a removal agent is used to clean and remove the residual photoresist to obtain the desired single-sided PET-ITO film and double-sided PET-ITO film.

[0024] (3) Preparation of the solution for the dye liquid crystal layer: Mix 40-70wt% liquid crystal, 20-50wt% polymer matrix, 1-10wt% crosslinking agent, 1-10wt% photoinitiator and 1-10wt% additive to form a prepolymer solution;

[0025] (4) Coating and encapsulation: The prepolymer liquid is evenly dispersed between the prepared PET-ITO films, and the polymerization reaction is initiated by ultraviolet light irradiation, so that the liquid crystal of the polymer matrix is ​​cross-linked with the polymer. Then, the single-layer PET-ITO film layer is encapsulated with the PET-ITO film layer by hot pressing process.

[0026] (5) Electrical system design: The ITO electrode of the prepared three-layer dye liquid crystal layer is equipped with an independent electrical control interface and a multi-channel driving circuit to complete the preparation of the composite dimming film;

[0027] Step 3, bonding of the canopy glass: Align the first glass substrate and the second glass substrate with the thermoplastic films on the upper and lower sides of the functional film, respectively, and place them in an autoclave for bonding to achieve integrated adhesion;

[0028] Step four: Install the light source module. Install the light source module on the edge of the skylight glass prepared in step three. Use a lux meter to detect the illuminance of the entire skylight and ensure that the maximum illuminance difference is ≤10%; thus completing the preparation of the smart skylight glass.

[0029] Further optimization involves using an indium oxide (In₂O₃) and tin oxide (SnO₂) ceramic target with a molar ratio of 9:1 for the radio frequency magnetron sputtering method in step two. The working gas is a mixture of argon and oxygen, with an oxygen-argon volume ratio (O₂ / Ar) of 0~0.05 and a working pressure of 0.1~1 Pa. The lamination process in the autoclave in step three is divided into three stages:

[0030] During the heating and pressurization phase, the temperature is first raised from room temperature to 105℃, and the pressure is raised to 3.5~5.0 bar in sync with the temperature increase. Then the temperature is raised to 120~150℃ and the pressure is increased to 10~12 bar.

[0031] During the heat preservation and pressure holding stage, maintain a temperature of 120~150℃ and a pressure of 10~12 bar, with a pressure holding time of 30~50 minutes;

[0032] During the cooling and depressurization phase, depressurization should be performed when the temperature drops to 40-50℃.

[0033] Further optimization is achieved in step two, where the liquid crystal is phasic liquid crystal E8, the polymer matrix is ​​a mixture of isoborneol acrylate and hydroxypropyl methacrylate, the crosslinking agent is polyethylene glycol diacrylate, the photoinitiator is benzoin diethyl ether, the additives are anthraquinone dichroic dyes, and the prepolymer solution is a mixture of 55%wt phasic liquid crystal E8, 30%wt of a mixture of isoborneol acrylate and hydroxypropyl methacrylate, 5%wt PEG diacrylate, 2%wt benzoin diethyl ether, and 8%wt anthraquinone dichroic dyes. The three dye liquid crystal layers are selected from anthraquinone dichroic dyes of different wavelengths, and all three dye liquid crystal layers must undergo accelerated aging tests to ensure that the difference in dye decay rate among the three layers is ≤5%. 0.5-1wt% of benzotriazole UV absorbers and hindered phenolic antioxidants are added to the prepolymer solution.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0035] Through the sandwich structure design of the first glass substrate, the second glass substrate, and the functional film with a composite dimming film, and the cooperation of the light source module set on the side of the functional film, the starry sky roof can be freely changed while retaining the unique openness and freedom of the automotive sunroof, greatly expanding the color expression capability; at the same time, by combining the composite dimming film and the thermoplastic film, and with the upper and lower glass substrates, the overall strength and weather resistance of the smart sunroof glass are significantly improved.

[0036] By using a liquid crystal control module composed of ITO squares on the PET-ITO film layer and liquid crystal particles in the dye liquid crystal layer on a composite dimming film, and a color control block composed of three liquid crystal control modules on the same vertical plane, the orientation of the liquid crystal particles and the accompanying dye molecules in the dye liquid crystal layer can be flexibly changed. This allows for free switching between a semi-transparent state and a state displaying rich colors, creating a variety of color display effects. Furthermore, by gradually adjusting the electric field intensity, the light transmittance can be continuously adjusted, giving it more and more refined color changes. Under external light or internal light source illumination, it can exhibit dynamic and gorgeous visual effects, meeting the lighting needs of different scenarios. Users can easily adjust the display content of the starry sky top according to their personal preferences or the atmosphere of the environment, enjoying a personalized and interactive experience.

[0037] By depositing functional heat-insulating and heating layers and photovoltaic cell module layers on a glass substrate, the smart skylight glass achieves multiple practical functions such as heat insulation, rapid heating to melt snow, efficient sun shading, and photoelectric conversion, while also ensuring high safety. Attached Figure Description

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the canopy glass disclosed in this invention;

[0039] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the canopy glass disclosed in this invention;

[0040] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the functional membrane disclosed in this invention;

[0041] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the composite dimming film disclosed in this invention.

[0042] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the liquid crystal control module and color display control block disclosed in this invention;

[0043] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the pattern formed on the ITO film in step two of the smart canopy glass preparation method disclosed in this invention.

[0044] Figure 7This is a star map of the smart skylight glass disclosed in this invention when it is in the open state;

[0045] Figure 8 This is a partial structural diagram of the light source module disclosed in this invention after installation.

[0046] Reference numerals: 1-First glass substrate, 2-Second glass substrate, 3-Functional film, 31-First thermoplastic film, 32-Second thermoplastic film, 33-Composite dimming film, 331-Red dye liquid crystal layer, 332-Green dye liquid crystal layer, 333-Blue dye liquid crystal layer, 334-First PET-ITO film layer, 335-Second PET-ITO film layer, 336-Third PET-ITO film layer, 337-Fourth PET-ITO film layer, 4-Light source module, 41-LED light strip, 42-Columnar microlens array layer, 5-Edge wrapping. Detailed Implementation

[0047] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention, which are described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0048] like Figure 1-5 and Figure 7 As shown, a smart canopy glass that can display independently includes a first glass substrate 1, a second glass substrate 2 and a light source module 4 arranged vertically, and a functional film 3 is provided between the first glass substrate 1 and the second glass substrate 2.

[0049] The functional film 3 includes a first thermoplastic film 31 and a second thermoplastic film 32 arranged vertically, and a composite dimming film 33 disposed between the first thermoplastic film 31 and the second thermoplastic film 32;

[0050] The composite dimming film 33 includes three dye liquid crystal layers and four PET-ITO film layers. The four PET-ITO film layers and the three dye liquid crystal layers are arranged alternately from top to bottom. The three dye liquid crystal layers are red dye liquid crystal layer 331, green dye liquid crystal layer 332 and blue dye liquid crystal layer 333 arranged vertically. The PET-ITO film layer is composed of a flexible PET substrate and several ITO squares arranged in a rectangular array on it. The four PET-ITO film layers are first PET-ITO film layer 334, second PET-ITO film layer 335, third PET-ITO film layer 336 and fourth PET-ITO film layer 337 arranged vertically.

[0051] This application provides a smart skylight glass for use in automotive starry sky roofs. The smart skylight glass includes a first glass substrate 1, a second glass substrate 2, and a functional film 3. The first glass substrate 1 is located at the upper end, directly contacting the external environment, while the second glass substrate 2 is located at the lower end, contacting the interior environment of the vehicle. The arrangement of the first and second glass substrates facilitates light transmission and light energy absorption and utilization, and the double-layer glass structure provides a high safety factor. The functional film 3 is a PDLC composite film with dimming capabilities. It can not only be combined and connected with the first and second glass substrates 1 to form an integrated structure, but also adjust the light source, providing a rich and varied visual experience to meet the lighting needs of different scenarios. It also achieves ambient lighting effects through a light source module 4. The light source module 4 is arranged around the edge of the functional film 3, that is, around the edge of the skylight glass formed by the first glass substrate 1, the functional film 3, and the second glass substrate 2.

[0052] In this application, the functional diaphragm 3 includes a first thermoplastic diaphragm 31, a second thermoplastic diaphragm 32, and a composite dimming diaphragm 33. The first thermoplastic diaphragm 31 and the second thermoplastic diaphragm 32 are made of PVB (polyvinyl butyral) and EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer), and both have a thickness of 0.3-0.8 mm, and have good adhesion, weather resistance and impact resistance. The first thermoplastic film 31 is disposed between the first glass substrate 1 and the composite dimming film 33, and the second thermoplastic film 32 is disposed between the second glass substrate 2 and the composite dimming film 33. It possesses good flexibility and impact resistance, buffering stress from the outer side of the glass substrate and preventing damage to the composite dimming film 33 due to external forces. It improves the interface adhesion between the first glass substrate 1 and the composite dimming film 33, and between the second glass substrate 2 and the composite dimming film 33, reducing uneven light scattering or refraction and ensuring the composite dimming film 33 maintains a clearer visual effect under different lighting conditions. It acts as a smooth transition layer, reducing edge fogging or optical distortion caused by differences in material expansion coefficients. It ensures reliable tooling of the glass substrate and the composite dimming film 33 under high temperature and bumpy environments, balancing lightweight and safety, and possesses weather resistance, adapting to long-term ultraviolet radiation and temperature and humidity changes to maintain dimming effect.

[0053] In this application, the composite dimming film 33 includes three dye liquid crystal layers and four PET-ITO film layers. The three dye liquid crystal layers are stacked alternately from top to bottom. The three dye liquid crystal layers can be arranged in a way that the red dye liquid crystal layer 331, the green dye liquid crystal layer 332 and the blue dye liquid crystal layer 333 are arranged in sequence, or the alternating combination of the red, green and blue dye liquid crystal layers can be adjusted according to actual needs, without any fixed order restrictions. This application employs a first PET-ITO film layer 334, a red dye liquid crystal layer 331, a second PET-ITO film layer 335, a green dye liquid crystal layer 332, a third PET-ITO film layer 336, a blue dye liquid crystal layer 333, and a fourth PET-ITO film layer 337 arranged alternately in the order of vertical arrangement. That is, each dye liquid crystal layer has a PET-ITO film layer on both its upper and lower sides. The dye liquid crystal layer is an electrically controlled material, and an independently addressable transparent electrode needs to be formed on both its upper and lower sides to apply an electric field and drive the liquid crystal and dye molecules to switch orientations. The ITO in the PET-ITO film layer has both high transmittance and good conductivity. ITO has high transmittance to visible light and a smooth surface, which is beneficial to maintaining a uniform optical interface on both sides of the dye liquid crystal layer, reducing scattering and haze, and ensuring visual consistency between the transparent and colored states. Therefore, a liquid crystal control module layer can be formed by combining a dye liquid crystal layer and two PET-ITO films on the top and bottom sides. By precisely controlling the applied electric field, the orientation of the liquid crystal particles in the dye liquid crystal layer and the dye molecules with accompanying orientation changes can be flexibly changed, thereby achieving switching between the transparent state and the colored state, and ultimately realizing free switching of rich color states. The three dye liquid crystal layers are a red dye liquid crystal layer 331, a green dye liquid crystal layer 332, and a blue dye liquid crystal layer 333, which can realize a variety of color display effects including red, green, blue, yellow (red + green), orange (red + yellow), purple (red + blue), and black (red + yellow + blue). Moreover, by gradually adjusting the electric field intensity, the light transmittance can be continuously adjusted, giving it more and more refined color changes, greatly expanding the color performance capability of the composite dimming film 33.

[0054] In this application, the PET-ITO film layer consists of a flexible PET substrate and several ITO squares arranged in a rectangular array on it. The flexible PET substrate has good flexibility, chemical stability, mechanical properties, and weather resistance, and can adapt to various bending, folding, and stretching deformations. Its thin thickness protects the ITO squares without blocking light, achieving high transparency and light transmission. The PET flexible substrate has a thickness of 50-100 μm and a visible light transmittance of ≥90%, ensuring consistent optical performance. The ITO squares have a side length of 0.5-5 mm, and the spacing between adjacent ITO squares is 0.1-1 mm, resulting in a clearer and more accurate image. The rectangular array arrangement of the ITO squares ensures consistent optical performance and avoids optical distortion or uneven display caused by uneven distribution of conductive units during display, providing a clear and stable visual experience. In optical sensor applications, this helps improve the accuracy and reliability of detection results. Each square can be considered a relatively independent conductive unit. This layout facilitates precise independent control of single or multiple squares, enabling accurate pixel-level control and resulting in clear and detailed images. Furthermore, the combination of multiple ITO squares provides excellent conductive channels for the film layer, ensuring uniform current distribution. The rectangular array arrangement helps optimize the current path, reduces resistance, facilitates precise circuit connections and control, minimizes energy loss during transmission, and improves the stability and efficiency of electrical performance.

[0055] like Figure 5 As shown, in one embodiment of this application, an ITO square on each PET-ITO film layer, together with the nearest ITO square on the adjacent PET-ITO film layer and the dye liquid crystal particles on the dye liquid crystal layer between them, form a liquid crystal control module. The four PET-ITO film layers and the three dye liquid crystal layers together form three liquid crystal control modules, and the three liquid crystal control modules on the same vertical plane form a color control block.

[0056] In this embodiment, by combining two corresponding ITO squares on the two PET-ITO film layers located on the upper and lower sides of the dye liquid crystal layer with the dye liquid crystal particles on the middle dye liquid crystal layer, a liquid crystal control module can be formed. Then, by applying an external electric field, the orientation of the dye liquid crystal particles and the dye molecules that undergo directional changes can be changed, realizing the switching of the dye liquid crystal layer between the transparent state and the colored state. Red, green and blue can be controlled through the three dye liquid crystal layers, and the display control of various colors such as yellow, orange, purple and black can be achieved through the combination of these three colors. Each color control block can independently realize single-color display of red, green and blue or multi-color mixed display. Dynamic starry sky effect can be achieved through pixel-level control, and finally, rich color expression can be achieved.

[0057] like Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, in another embodiment of this application, the first PET-ITO film layer 334 and the fourth PET-ITO film layer 337 are both single-sided PET-ITO film layers, and the second PET-ITO film layer 335 and the third PET-ITO film layer 336 are both double-sided PET-ITO film layers.

[0058] In this embodiment, the single-sided PET-ITO film layer is an ITO conductive layer composed of ITO squares on only one side. A single-sided PET flexible substrate is disposed below the first PET-ITO film layer 334 between the ITO film layer and the red dye liquid crystal layer 331. A PET flexible substrate is disposed above the fourth PET-ITO film layer 337 between the ITO film layer and the blue dye liquid crystal layer 333. Double-sided PET flexible substrates on the upper and lower sides of the second PET-ITO film layer 335 are disposed between the ITO film layer, the red dye liquid crystal layer 331, and the green dye liquid crystal layer 332, respectively. Double-sided PET flexible substrates on the upper and lower sides of the third PET-ITO film layer 336 are disposed between the ITO film layer, the green dye liquid crystal layer 332, and the blue dye liquid crystal layer 333, respectively. This ensures that a PET flexible substrate is disposed between each ITO film layer and the dye liquid crystal layer, which serves as a load-bearing component. The PET flexible substrate has high intrinsic transmittance in the visible light region, which, combined with ITO, can achieve a high-transmittance electrode. At the same time, the PET flexible substrate has good temperature resistance and dimensional stability, high visible light transmittance, and low sheet resistance, which can meet the dual requirements of uniform electric field and transmittance for electro-modulation. Flexible PET substrates are compatible with low-temperature processes such as magnetron sputtering, spin coating, and slot coating, facilitating the fabrication of composite dimming films 33 and improving yield. Furthermore, surface treatment and coatings on flexible PET substrates can improve wetting and adhesion, facilitating the formation of uniform ITO films and dye-based liquid crystal layers. The high transmittance and low haze of flexible PET substrates in the visible light region provide a smooth optical interface for the ITO films and dye-based liquid crystal layers, reducing scattering and reflection losses and improving contrast and transmittance.

[0059] In another embodiment of this application, a heat insulation heating layer and a photovoltaic cell module layer with photoelectric conversion function are provided on the inner side of the first glass substrate 1 or the second glass substrate 2, and an insulating layer is provided between the heat insulation heating layer and the photovoltaic cell module layer.

[0060] In this embodiment, two schemes are included. Scheme one involves setting a heat-insulating heating layer and a photovoltaic cell module layer on the first glass substrate 1, and Scheme two involves setting a heat-insulating heating layer and a photovoltaic cell module layer on the second glass substrate 2. Both schemes functionalize the glass substrates, giving the smart canopy glass functions such as heat insulation, photovoltaic power generation, snow melting, and ultraviolet filtration. An insulating layer is provided between the heat-insulating heating layer and the photovoltaic cell module layer to separate the two functional film systems, preventing cross-penetration and contamination that could lead to a decrease or even failure of heating or photoelectric conversion capabilities.

[0061] Furthermore, the heat-insulating heating layer effectively reflects infrared rays outward in summer, significantly reducing the interior temperature and providing excellent heat insulation. In winter, it reflects infrared rays inward, keeping the interior warm and comfortable. In snowy weather, it can also activate the heating function to quickly melt snow on the roof, ensuring driving safety and preventing hazards caused by falling snow. The photovoltaic cell module layer absorbs sunlight, improving photoelectric conversion efficiency. Even in low-light conditions, it maintains a stable output of electrical energy, providing power to the vehicle's auxiliary systems. These include the composite dimming film 33, which can freely change patterns and dim, multiple light source modules arranged along the edge of the smart sunroof glass, and the function of heating and melting snow on the roof when necessary using the heat-insulating heating layer.

[0062] In another embodiment of this application, a heat-insulating heating layer or a photovoltaic cell module layer with photoelectric conversion function is provided on the inner side of the first glass substrate 1, and a heat-insulating heating layer or a photovoltaic cell module layer with photoelectric conversion function is provided on the inner side of the second glass substrate 2.

[0063] Unlike the above embodiments, in this embodiment, both the first glass substrate 1 and the second glass substrate 2 are provided with either a heat-insulating heating layer or a photovoltaic cell module layer. This can be that both the first glass substrate 1 and the second glass substrate 2 have a heat-insulating heating layer, both have a photovoltaic cell module layer, or the heat-insulating heating layer and the photovoltaic cell module layer are respectively disposed on the first glass substrate 1 and the second glass substrate 2. When both the first glass substrate 1 and the second glass substrate 2 have a heat-insulating heating layer, both heat insulation and heating functions are enhanced. When both the first glass substrate 1 and the second glass substrate 2 have a photovoltaic cell module layer, the photoelectric conversion efficiency is effectively improved. When the first glass substrate 1 and the second glass substrate 2 have two different functional film layers, they not only possess the functions of heat insulation, photovoltaic power generation, snow melting, and ultraviolet filtration found in the aforementioned schemes, but also, since the heat insulation heating layer and the photovoltaic cell module layer are not on the same glass substrate, there is no need to set an insulating layer. This reduces process steps and some adverse reactions that might occur if the heat insulation heating layer and the photovoltaic cell module layer were placed on the same glass sheet, thus achieving a functional layered layout and avoiding film layer interference. Similarly, when the first glass substrate 1 and the second glass substrate 2 have the same functional film layer, there is also no need to set an insulating layer.

[0064] Furthermore, the photovoltaic module layer is a thin-film photovoltaic module, which provides a fixed light transmittance and features uniform color and light transmission. It is also thin and lightweight, making it suitable as a functional film layer. Both the heat insulation heating layer and the photovoltaic module layer contain metals and metal compounds in their film structure, exhibiting excellent ultraviolet reflection. This effectively reduces the direct exposure of ultraviolet rays to the composite dimming film 33 and the thermoplastic film, thereby significantly slowing down the aging process of these critical components and significantly improving the overall system's durability and lifespan.

[0065] In this design, considering the potential functional conflict between the photovoltaic module layer and the composite dimming film 33—namely, the reduction of light irradiation on the photoelectric conversion layer during dimming—we have optimized the design by integrating both the photovoltaic module layer and the heat insulation and heating functional layer onto the lower side of the first glass substrate 1. This achieves functional complementarity and synergy, reducing the functional interference of the photovoltaic module layer on the composite dimming film 33. Furthermore, its placement on the lower side of the first glass substrate 1 facilitates the implementation of functions such as rapid snow melting, efficient shading, and photoelectric conversion.

[0066] Furthermore, based on the above embodiments, the film system of the heat insulation heating layer includes a three-layer basic structure of at least a low-resistance transparent conductive layer, a silver base layer, and a low-resistance transparent conductive layer, and the total thickness of the heat insulation heating layer is 100-500nm.

[0067] In this embodiment, both the heat insulation layer and the photovoltaic cell module layer are fabricated using deposition processes. Deposition refers to the process of stacking materials layer by layer at the atomic and molecular scale in a vacuum or controlled atmosphere using methods such as physical vapor deposition (PVD) or chemical vapor deposition (CVD) to form a solid thin film. This method achieves high-quality, high-purity films with precise thickness control, and is suitable for large-area glass and PET flexible substrates. PVD includes magnetron sputtering and evaporation deposition; CVD includes PECVD and LPCVD.

[0068] In this embodiment, the heat-insulating heating layer comprises at least three layers: a low-resistance transparent conductive layer, a silver substrate, and another low-resistance transparent conductive layer. The low-resistance transparent conductive layer allows light to pass through, has high transmittance, and provides basic conductivity. It serves as an adhesion substrate and optical matching layer for the silver substrate, protecting it and forming a conductive circuit together. The silver substrate has ultra-low resistance, significantly reducing the sheet resistance of the entire film system. It acts as a superconducting circuit, responsible for rapidly and uniformly distributing current throughout the entire area of ​​the heat-insulating heating layer, thereby achieving efficient and uniform heating. Furthermore, the silver substrate reflects far-infrared rays, providing heat insulation. The heat-insulating heating layer is a multifunctional thin film integrating heat insulation and electric heating functions, with a total thickness of 100-500 nm. Through a multi-layered structure, it achieves functional layering, realizing efficient heating, efficient heat insulation, and stable operation, thus improving the overall performance of the entire film system.

[0069] In this embodiment, the low-resistance transparent conductive layer is made of an extremely thin conductive metal or a doped transparent metal oxide. Conductive metals include Au, Cu, Al, and Sn, which have extremely high conductivity. By fabricating these metals into extremely thin films or nanostructures, with a thickness less than the wavelength of visible light, a certain level of conductivity can be maintained while achieving a certain level of transparency, ensuring that the fabricated low-resistance transparent conductive layer possesses both conductivity and transparency. Transparent metal oxides include SnO2, ZnO, and In2O3, all of which are wide-bandgap semiconductor materials and are transparent to visible light. By doping with specific impurity atoms, one or more dopants can be added, thereby increasing the number of free electrons and enabling the semiconductor oxide to conduct electricity. Dopants include, but are not limited to, Sn, Al, and Sb. For example, Sn with 4 valence electrons can be used in In2O3. 4 ⁺ ions replace In³⁺ ions with 3 valence electrons. These extra electrons are easily excited into free electrons and participate in conduction, thus realizing the preparation of a low-resistance transparent conductive layer and ensuring that the prepared low-resistance transparent conductive layer has both conductivity and transparency.

[0070] In this embodiment, the silver substrate is a thin film of metallic silver or a doped layer with silver as the main component. The doped layer with silver as the main component contains ≥80% silver. Preferably, a thin film of metallic silver is used as the silver substrate. The silver substrate cannot be the innermost or outermost layer in the film structure of the thermal insulation heating layer. The silver substrate has poor adhesion and is easily affected by cross-sectional diffusion and reactions, affecting the overall stability and conductivity of the film layer; therefore, it cannot be the innermost layer. It is also not used as the outermost layer because it is easily oxidized and corroded, and has poor mechanical and chemical weather resistance, which is not conducive to integration and protection. Placing the silver substrate in the middle layer of the multilayer film can leverage its electrical conductivity and thermal control advantages while avoiding damage caused by the environment and processes, thereby achieving a highly reliable, long-life, and high-performance thermal insulation heating function.

[0071] like Figure 8 As shown, in one embodiment of this application, the light source module 4 includes an LED light strip 41 and a columnar microlens array layer 42 covering its surface, enabling uniform light projection. The light source module 4 is disposed around the edge of the canopy glass composed of a first glass substrate 1, a functional film 3, and a second glass substrate 2, and is tightly bonded to the canopy glass through an injection molding edge-sealing process, achieving physical sealing and optical coupling between the light source module 4 and the glass. After the light source module 4 is installed, the illuminance of the entire canopy is measured by a lux meter to ensure that the maximum illuminance difference is ≤10%, achieving a uniform starry sky effect across the entire canopy.

[0072] This invention also provides a method for preparing a smart canopy glass, which includes the aforementioned smart canopy glass capable of autonomous display, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0073] Step 1: Prepare the first glass substrate 1 and the second glass substrate 2. Select a glass substrate with a thickness of 2-4 mm, cut, bend, grind and shape it, and then wash and dry it. According to the design requirements, a heat insulation layer, an insulating layer and a photovoltaic cell module layer are deposited on the inner side of the glass by magnetron sputtering. Then, after high temperature heating and pressing with a die, the first glass substrate 1 and the second glass substrate 2 are obtained.

[0074] Step two: Prepare a composite dimming film 33, and coat the upper and lower sides of the composite dimming film 33 with thermoplastic films to cover the composite dimming film 33, thus forming a functional film 3. The preparation method of the composite dimming film 33 is as follows:

[0075] (1) Deposition of ITO film: ITO thin film was prepared on PET flexible substrate by radio frequency magnetron sputtering. A water-cooled substrate tray was used during sputtering. The substrate temperature was controlled at 60-80℃ by circulating cooling water. A thermally conductive silicone pad was installed between the substrate and the tray to ensure temperature uniformity of ±2℃. A thermocouple-linked temperature control system was embedded at the edge of the tray to adjust the cooling water flow rate. The target material used was an indium oxide (In2O3) and tin oxide (SnO2) ceramic target with a molar ratio of 9:1. The working gas was a mixture of argon and oxygen with an oxygen-argon volume ratio (O2 / Ar) of 0~0.05 and a working pressure of 0.1~1Pa. The thickness of the obtained ITO film was 100-300nm and its sheet resistance was 5-20Ω / □. Single-layer PET-ITO film and double-layer PET-ITO film were prepared.

[0076] (2) Pattern formation: A layer of photosensitive resin is uniformly coated on the PET-ITO film and then dried. Then, a mask is used to cover the circuit pattern and expose it onto the photoresist. The photoresist is then developed to reveal the area on the ITO film that needs to be etched. The exposed ITO area is then removed by dry etching or chemical wet etching to obtain the desired pattern. Finally, the residual photoresist is removed by cleaning with a cleaning agent to obtain the desired single-sided PET-ITO film and double-sided PET-ITO film.

[0077] (3) Preparation of the solution for the dye liquid crystal layer: 40-70wt% liquid crystal, 20-50wt% polymer matrix, 1-10wt% crosslinking agent, 1-10wt% photoinitiator, and 1-10wt% additive are mixed to form a prepolymer solution; the three dye liquid crystal layers are all anthraquinone dichroic dyes and must undergo accelerated aging test (1000h UV irradiation, followed by 500h maintenance at 85℃ and 85% humidity) to ensure that the difference in the decay rate of the three dye layers is ≤5%; 0.5-1wt% of benzotriazole UV absorber and hindered phenolic antioxidant are added to the prepolymer solution;

[0078] (4) Coating and encapsulation: The prepolymer liquid is evenly dispersed between the prepared PET-ITO films through a slit coating process. The viscosity of the prepolymer liquid is adjusted to 500-1500 cP, and the coating speed is controlled at 1-3 m / min. During mass production, roller coating is used to assist in pressing and improve the density of the film layer. The polymerization reaction is initiated by ultraviolet light irradiation, so that the liquid crystal of the polymer matrix is ​​cross-linked with the polymer. After alignment, temporary pressure-sensitive adhesive is used for fixation, and then the single-layer PET-ITO film layer is encapsulated with the PET-ITO film layer through a hot pressing process.

[0079] (5) Electrical system design: an independent electrical control interface is set for the ITO electrode of the prepared three-layer dye liquid crystal layer, and a multi-channel driving circuit is equipped to complete the preparation of the composite dimming film 33;

[0080] Step 3: Align the first glass substrate 1 and the second glass substrate 2 with the thermoplastic films on the upper and lower sides of the functional film 3, respectively, and place them in an autoclave for lamination to achieve integrated bonding; the above lamination process is divided into three stages, specifically:

[0081] During the heating and pressurization phase, the temperature is first raised from room temperature to 105℃, and the pressure is raised to 3.5~5.0 bar in sync with the temperature increase. Then the temperature is raised to 120~150℃ and the pressure is increased to 10~12 bar.

[0082] During the heat preservation and pressure holding stage, maintain a temperature of 120~150℃ and a pressure of 10~12 bar, with a pressure holding time of 30~50 minutes;

[0083] During the cooling and depressurization phase, depressurization should be performed when the temperature drops to 40-50℃.

[0084] Step 4: Install the light source module 4. Install the light source module 4 on the edge of the skylight glass and arrange it around the perimeter of the skylight glass, and fix it with the edge-wrapping process; after installation, use a lux meter to detect the illuminance of the entire skylight to ensure that the maximum illuminance difference is ≤10%; complete the preparation of the smart skylight glass.

[0085] The specific operation of the above-mentioned edge-wrapping process is as follows: the light source module 4 and the canopy glass are integrated into a customized injection mold. The high-temperature injection molding machine heats the high-transparency silicone to a molten state of 180-200℃ and injects it into the mold channel at a pressure of 50-80MPa. The high-transparency silicone fills the edge of the canopy glass and wraps the LED light strip 41. The thickness of the injection layer is controlled to be 1-3mm by the gap of the mold cavity. The pressure is held for more than 30 seconds to eliminate air bubbles and ensure that the silicone completely covers the light strip and its circuit.

[0086] In the method for preparing the smart canopy glass of this application, in step two above, in the preparation of the composite dimming film 33: for the solution preparation of the dye liquid crystal layer, the liquid crystal is phasic liquid crystal E8, the polymer matrix is ​​a mixture of isoborneol acrylate and hydroxypropyl methacrylate, the crosslinking agent is polyethylene glycol diacrylate, the photoinitiator is benzoin diethyl ether, and the additive is anthraquinone dichroic dye. The specific preparation ratio of the prepolymer solution is: 55%wt of phasic liquid crystal E8, 30%wt of the mixture of isoborneol acrylate and hydroxypropyl methacrylate, 5%wt of polyethylene glycol diacrylate, 2%wt of benzoin diethyl ether, and 8%wt of anthraquinone dichroic dye. The three dye liquid crystal layers select anthraquinone dyes of different wavelengths to ensure that the absorption spectra do not overlap and avoid interference. At the same time, the dye concentration is continuously adjusted to ensure that the colors are saturated and bright and do not affect the electro-optical properties of the liquid crystal, thereby realizing the preparation of red dye liquid crystal layer 331, green dye liquid crystal layer 332 and blue dye liquid crystal layer 333.

[0087] In the intelligent canopy glass manufacturing method of this application, in step two above, for forming the desired pattern on the ITO film, reactive ion etching technology is used for dry etching, and acetone is used as the removal agent. For coating and encapsulation, high-precision alignment and sealing processes are required for the encapsulation of multi-layered structures containing bubbles and contaminants.

[0088] like Figure 6 As shown, in the intelligent canopy glass preparation method of this application, in step two above, for forming the desired pattern on the ITO film, the pattern of the prepared single-sided PET-ITO film layer and double-sided PET-ITO film layer consists of several small ITO squares and several control lines connected to the small squares. Finally, the control lines converge to several control segments at the edge, and the control segments are connected to independent electronic control interfaces. By selecting a microcontroller and writing a control program, the control of each small ITO square can be realized. Furthermore, the dimming area of ​​the composite dimming film 33 is divided into multiple dimming control areas by dry etching or chemical wet etching. When an electric field is applied in a smaller dimming area, the electric field distribution is more uniform and the range of action is limited. The liquid crystal particles can reach a stable state more quickly, which can greatly shorten the response time. Therefore, the dimming efficiency can be improved. Combined with the edge lighting module, a variety of gorgeous patterns can be changed on the starry sky dome in a short time.

[0089] In the smart canopy glass manufacturing method of this application, in step one, a photovoltaic cell module layer, an insulating layer and a heat insulation and heating layer are sequentially deposited on the lower side of the first glass substrate 1 by a deposition process.

[0090] In another embodiment of the smart canopy glass manufacturing method of this application, unlike the above embodiment, in step one, a photovoltaic cell module layer is deposited on the lower side of the first glass substrate 1 by a deposition process, and a heat insulation and heating layer is deposited on the lower side of the second glass substrate 2.

[0091] This application also provides a control method to realize the dimming function and heating function of the composite dimming film 33 of the smart canopy glass, as well as the intelligent control of the light source components set at the edge and the rational distribution of the electrical energy generated by photoelectric conversion. The specific setting method is as follows:

[0092] S1, Intelligent Control System Integration: First, a central intelligent control system consisting of an on-board PC, control circuit, and array of light and temperature sensors is integrated. This central intelligent control system is responsible for receiving user commands and environmental sensor data (such as temperature, light intensity, etc.), coordinating various functional modules according to preset algorithms or user-defined settings, and managing the operating status of each functional module.

[0093] S2, Dimming Control: The central intelligent control system is connected to the electrical control interface of the composite dimming film 33 through a multi-channel drive circuit. Users can select specific starry sky patterns or adjust the transparency of the canopy through mobile devices, vehicle touch screens or voice commands. After receiving the command, the central intelligent control system precisely adjusts the voltage of each dye liquid crystal layer, thereby controlling the arrangement of liquid crystal particles to achieve the desired visual effect.

[0094] The central intelligent control system can also dynamically adjust the overall light transmittance of the car sunroof based on the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the car and user preferences. In the summer heat, the dimming film displays black, which, together with the heat insulation heating layer, reflects infrared rays to reduce the temperature inside the car. In snowy weather, the central intelligent control system automatically activates the heating function to quickly melt the snow on the roof, so as not to affect the appearance of the starry sky roof and to prevent the snow on the roof from sliding down while the car is in motion and affecting driving safety.

[0095] S3, Photovoltaic Conversion Management: The electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic cell module layer is distributed through the integrated management system, giving priority to the composite dimming film 33 and the edge light source module 4. The remaining electrical energy is stored in the vehicle battery to provide backup power for the vehicle's auxiliary systems. The central intelligent control system can automatically adjust the working state of the photovoltaic modules according to the light intensity and power demand to ensure efficient and stable energy output.

[0096] S4, Collaborative Optimization: To minimize the impact of light on the photoelectric conversion layer during dimming, the central intelligent control system achieves an intelligent balance between dimming and photoelectric conversion. For example, during the day when there is sufficient sunlight, but the interior temperature and light are within a comfortable range, the system may reduce the dimming depth to maximize photoelectric conversion efficiency. At night or in low light, the system increases the diversity of dimming modes, such as changing to brilliant colors, while several LEDs set on the edge of the sunroof glass work together to create flowing water and other effects to achieve a dazzling meteor effect, providing users with a better stargazing experience.

[0097] The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains may make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or use similar methods to substitute them, without departing from the spirit of the invention or exceeding the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A smart canopy glass capable of autonomous display, characterized in that, It includes a first glass substrate, a second glass substrate, and a light source module arranged vertically, with a functional film between the first glass substrate and the second glass substrate; The functional film includes a first thermoplastic film, a second thermoplastic film disposed vertically, and a composite dimming film disposed between the first thermoplastic film and the second thermoplastic film; The composite dimming film comprises three dye liquid crystal layers and four PET-ITO film layers. The four PET-ITO film layers and the three dye liquid crystal layers are alternately arranged from top to bottom. The three dye liquid crystal layers are one of red dye liquid crystal layer, green dye liquid crystal layer and blue dye liquid crystal layer. The PET-ITO film layer is composed of a flexible PET substrate and a number of ITO squares arranged in a rectangular array on it. The four PET-ITO film layers are a first PET-ITO film layer, a second PET-ITO film layer, a third PET-ITO film layer and a fourth PET-ITO film layer arranged vertically.

2. The intelligent canopy glass capable of autonomous display according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each PET-ITO film layer has an ITO square, which, together with the nearest ITO square on the adjacent PET-ITO film layer and the dye liquid crystal particles on the dye liquid crystal layer between them, forms a liquid crystal control module. The four PET-ITO film layers and the three dye liquid crystal layers together form three liquid crystal control modules, and the three liquid crystal control modules on the same vertical plane form a color control block.

3. The intelligent canopy glass capable of autonomous display according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first PET-ITO film layer and the fourth PET-ITO film layer are both single-sided PET-ITO film layers, while the second PET-ITO film layer and the third PET-ITO film layer are both double-sided PET-ITO film layers.

4. The intelligent canopy glass capable of autonomous display according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first glass substrate or the second glass substrate has a heat insulation heating layer and a photovoltaic cell module layer with photoelectric conversion function on their respective inner sides, and an insulating layer is provided between the heat insulation heating layer and the photovoltaic cell module layer.

5. The intelligent canopy glass capable of autonomous display according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first glass substrate has a heat insulation and heating layer or a photovoltaic cell module layer with photoelectric conversion function on its inner side, and the second glass substrate has a heat insulation and heating layer or a photovoltaic cell module layer with photoelectric conversion function on its inner side.

6. A smart canopy glass capable of autonomous display according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, The heat insulation heating layer comprises a three-layer basic structure consisting of at least a low-resistance transparent conductive layer, a silver base layer, and a low-resistance transparent conductive layer, with a total thickness of 100-500 nm.

7. The intelligent canopy glass capable of autonomous display according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light source module includes LED light strips and a columnar microlens array layer covering its surface. The light source module is arranged around the edge of the canopy glass composed of a first glass substrate, a functional film, and a second glass substrate, and is tightly bonded to the canopy glass through an injection molding edge-wrapping process.

8. A method for preparing intelligent canopy glass, characterized in that, The intelligent canopy glass capable of autonomous display, as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, comprises the following steps: Step 1: Prepare the first and second glass substrates. Select a 2-4mm thick glass sheet, cut, bend, grind, and shape it. After washing and drying, deposit a heat insulation layer, an insulating layer, and a photovoltaic cell module layer on the inner side of the glass according to design requirements. Then, heat it at high temperature and press it with a die to obtain the first and second glass substrates. Step two: Prepare a composite dimming film, and coat the upper and lower sides of the composite dimming film with thermoplastic films to form a functional film. The preparation method of the composite dimming film is as follows: (1) Deposition of ITO film: ITO film was prepared on PET flexible substrate by radio frequency magnetron sputtering to obtain ITO film with a thickness of 100-300nm and a sheet resistance of 5-20Ω / □. Single-layer PET-ITO film and double-layer PET-ITO film were prepared. (2) Pattern formation: A layer of photosensitive resin is uniformly coated on the PET-ITO film and then dried. Then, a mask is used to cover the circuit pattern and expose it onto the photoresist. The photoresist is then developed to reveal the area on the ITO film that needs to be etched. Then, an etching method is used to remove the exposed ITO area to obtain the desired pattern. Finally, a removal agent is used to clean and remove the residual photoresist to obtain the desired single-sided PET-ITO film and double-sided PET-ITO film. (3) Preparation of the solution for the dye liquid crystal layer: Mix 40-70wt% liquid crystal, 20-50wt% polymer matrix, 1-10wt% crosslinking agent, 1-10wt% photoinitiator and 1-10wt% additive to form a prepolymer solution; (4) Coating and encapsulation: The prepolymer liquid is evenly dispersed between the prepared PET-ITO films, and the polymerization reaction is initiated by ultraviolet light irradiation, so that the liquid crystal of the polymer matrix is ​​cross-linked with the polymer. Then, the single-layer PET-ITO film layer is encapsulated with the PET-ITO film layer by hot pressing process. (5) Electrical system design: The ITO electrode of the prepared three-layer dye liquid crystal layer is equipped with an independent electrical control interface and a multi-channel driving circuit to complete the preparation of the composite dimming film; Step 3, bonding of the canopy glass: Align the first glass substrate and the second glass substrate with the thermoplastic films on the upper and lower sides of the functional film, respectively, and place them in an autoclave for bonding to achieve integrated adhesion; Step four: Install the light source module. Install the light source module on the edge of the skylight glass prepared in step three. Use a lux meter to detect the illuminance of the entire skylight and ensure that the maximum illuminance difference is ≤10%; thus completing the preparation of the smart skylight glass.

9. A method for preparing a smart canopy glass according to claim 8, characterized in that, In step two, the radio frequency magnetron sputtering method uses an indium oxide (In₂O₃) and tin oxide (SnO₂) ceramic target with a molar ratio of 9:

1. The working gas is a mixture of argon and oxygen, with an oxygen-argon volume ratio (O₂ / Ar) of 0~0.05 and a working pressure of 0.1~1 Pa. Step three, the lamination process in the autoclave, is divided into three stages: During the heating and pressurization phase, the temperature is first raised from room temperature to 105℃, and the pressure is raised to 3.5~5.0 bar in sync with the temperature increase. Then the temperature is raised to 120~150℃ and the pressure is increased to 10~12 bar. During the heat preservation and pressure holding stage, maintain a temperature of 120~150℃ and a pressure of 10~12 bar, with a pressure holding time of 30~50 minutes; During the cooling and depressurization phase, depressurization should be performed when the temperature drops to 40-50℃.

10. A method for preparing a smart canopy glass according to claim 8, characterized in that, In step two, the liquid crystal is phasor liquid crystal E8, the polymer matrix is ​​a mixture of isoborneol acrylate and hydroxypropyl methacrylate, the crosslinking agent is polyethylene glycol diacrylate, the photoinitiator is benzoin diethyl ether, the additives are anthraquinone dichroic dyes, and the prepolymer solution is a mixture of 55%wt phasor liquid crystal E8, 30%wt acrylate and hydroxypropyl methacrylate mixture, 5%wt polyethylene glycol diacrylate, 2%wt benzoin diethyl ether, and 8%wt anthraquinone dichroic dyes. The three dye liquid crystal layers are selected from anthraquinone dichroic dyes of different wavelengths, and all three dye liquid crystal layers need to undergo accelerated aging tests to ensure that the difference in the dye decay rate among the three layers is ≤5%. 0.5-1wt% of benzotriazole UV absorbers and hindered phenolic antioxidants are added to the prepolymer solution.

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