A centralized treatment device for biomass steam boiler flue gas

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of flue gas treatment, in particular to a centralized treatment equipment for flue gas of a biomass steam boiler, which comprises a spark catcher, the spark catcher comprises a shell and an inner seat in the shell, the shell is provided with an air inlet, an air outlet and a residue discharge port, the air inlet is communicated with a flue gas outlet of the biomass steam boiler; the inner seat is in a circular table structure, and the small end faces the air inlet; a plurality of support sheets are arranged between the shell and the inner seat, the support sheets are arranged along the circumference of the inner seat, and the support sheets are spirally arranged along the axis of the inner seat; each support sheet is sleeved with a flow guide ring belt, the flow guide ring belt forms a closed motion loop, and a flow channel is formed between adjacent flow guide ring belts, the flow channel is used for passing the flue gas generated by the biomass steam boiler. Through the movement of the flow guide ring belt, the position of switching and flue gas contact is avoided to be impacted by the flue gas all the time, so that the service life is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of flue gas treatment technology, and in particular to a centralized treatment device for flue gas from a biomass steam boiler. Background Technology

[0002] A biomass steam boiler is a heat energy conversion device that uses biomass (such as agricultural and forestry waste) as fuel to generate heat energy through combustion, thereby heating water or producing steam.

[0003] During the operation of biomass steam boilers, fuel combustion inevitably results in the generation of flue gas. Due to the complex composition of biomass fuel and the difficulty in achieving completely uniform combustion, the flue gas often contains unburned solid particles. If these untreated solid particles directly enter subsequent processes, they may not only cause wear and blockage to downstream equipment (such as heat exchange components and pipelines), but also affect the treatment effect of subsequent flue gas purification stages, and even pose potential risks such as secondary combustion or environmental pollution. Therefore, targeted treatment of solid particles in the flue gas is a necessary step to ensure the stable operation of the system.

[0004] Currently, spark arresters are one of the commonly used technologies for treating solid particulate matter and entrained sparks in flue gas. For example, Chinese patent CN208742107U discloses a spark arrester, which includes a volute housing with a baffle mesh on its inner wall; a flow guide is inserted into the inner cavity of the volute housing, the flow guide including a conical platform and at least two guide vanes, the guide vanes being arranged in an outward spiral outside the conical platform. In use, the flue gas to be treated is guided by the guide vanes to the baffle mesh, so that the sparks contained in the flue gas are extinguished by collision with the baffle mesh.

[0005] However, when the above-mentioned spark catcher is in use, the front end of the air guide plate is the first contact part after the flue gas enters the volute. Because it undertakes the function of guiding the flue gas, it needs to continuously withstand the scouring of the flue gas and the friction of solid particles in it. This results in a large impact load and a long friction time in this part, which easily causes significant wear, affecting both service life and guiding effect. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a centralized treatment device for biomass steam boiler flue gas, addressing the problems of short service life and poor guiding effect of the guide vanes in the current spark catchers used in the flue gas treatment process of biomass steam boilers.

[0007] The above objectives are achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0008] A centralized treatment device for flue gas from a biomass steam boiler includes a spark catcher. The spark catcher comprises a shell and an inner seat located within the shell. The shell has an air inlet, an air outlet, and a slag discharge port. The air inlet is connected to the flue gas outlet of the biomass steam boiler, and the air outlet is connected to the external environment / subsequent treatment equipment. The slag discharge port is configured to discharge solid impurity particles contained in the flue gas generated by the biomass steam boiler. The inner seat has a frustum structure with its smaller end facing the air inlet. Multiple support plates are arranged between the shell and the inner seat, with the support plates arranged circumferentially along the inner seat and spirally arranged axially along the inner seat. Each support plate is fitted with a flow guide ring, which forms a closed motion loop. A flow channel is formed between adjacent flow guide rings, and the flow channel is configured to allow the flue gas generated by the biomass steam boiler to pass through while simultaneously communicating with the air inlet, the air outlet, and the slag discharge port.

[0009] Furthermore, each of the flow guide rings is provided with a first support shaft on the inner side of its end near the small end of the inner seat. The first support shaft extends along the width direction parallel to the flow guide ring and can rotate around its own axis. Each support shaft is provided with a first guide plate, which can form a stop engagement with the flow guide ring to change the shape of the end of the flow guide ring near the small end of the inner seat, thereby adjusting the flue gas flow rate in the flow channel according to the usage.

[0010] Furthermore, each of the flow guide rings is provided with a second support shaft on the inner side of its end near the large end of the inner seat. The second support shaft extends along the width direction parallel to the flow guide ring and is rotatable around its own axis. Each of the second support shafts is provided with a second guide plate, which can form a stop engagement with the flow guide ring to change the shape of the end of the flow guide ring near the large end of the inner seat, thereby changing the landing point of solid impurity particles contained in the flue gas generated by the biomass steam boiler on the inner wall of the outer shell.

[0011] Furthermore, the inner seat is hollow inside; a sealed cavity is formed between the outer shell, the guide ring, and the inner seat; multiple air extraction holes are circumferentially opened on the side wall of the inner seat near its small end, and the air extraction holes correspond to and communicate with the cavity; multiple exhaust holes are circumferentially opened on the side wall of the inner seat near its large end, and the exhaust holes correspond to and communicate with the cavity; a one-way valve is inserted in both the air extraction hole and the exhaust hole, the opening direction of the one-way valve at the air extraction hole is from the inside of the inner seat to the cavity, and the opening direction of the one-way valve at the exhaust hole is from the cavity to the inside of the inner seat; the large end of the inner seat is a filter membrane structure; multiple first air guide tubes are provided on the inner seat, the first air guide tubes correspond to and communicate with the exhaust holes, and point to the outer surface of the guide ring.

[0012] Furthermore, the inner seat is also provided with a plurality of second air guide pipes, which correspond to and are connected to the exhaust port, and point to the landing point of solid impurity particles contained in the flue gas generated by the biomass steam boiler on the inner wall of the outer shell.

[0013] Furthermore, the one-way valve has a spring-loaded structure.

[0014] Furthermore, the spark catcher also includes a second drive mechanism configured to provide a driving force for the rotation of the second support shaft.

[0015] Furthermore, the spark catcher also includes a third drive mechanism configured to provide a driving force for the rotation of the first support shaft.

[0016] Furthermore, the spark catcher also includes a first drive mechanism configured to provide driving force for the movement of the guide ring.

[0017] Furthermore, the centralized treatment equipment for the flue gas from the biomass steam boiler also includes a collection chamber, which is connected to the slag discharge port.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0019] This invention relates to a centralized treatment device for flue gas from a biomass steam boiler. By setting up a guide ring belt and utilizing the motion characteristics of the guide ring belt, the contact position between the guide ring belt and the flue gas is continuously switched during the treatment of flue gas from the biomass steam boiler. This avoids the problem of excessive wear caused by localized impact of flue gas on a certain part of the guide ring belt, thereby improving its service life and ensuring the guiding effect.

[0020] Furthermore, by setting a first support shaft on the inner side of the end of each guide ring near the small end of the inner seat, and then setting a first guide plate on the first support shaft, and utilizing the characteristic that the first guide plate can form a stop fit with the guide ring, the flow rate of the flue gas in the flow channel can be adjusted according to the usage situation during the process of treating the flue gas of the biomass steam boiler, thereby improving the applicability.

[0021] Furthermore, by setting a second support shaft on the inner side of the end of each guide ring near the large end of the inner seat, and then setting a second guide plate on the second support shaft, and utilizing the characteristic that the second guide plate can form a stop fit with the guide ring, the landing point of solid impurity particles contained in the flue gas of the biomass steam boiler on the inner wall of the outer shell can be changed during the process of treating the flue gas of the biomass steam boiler, so as to avoid the problem of excessive local wear on the inner wall of the outer shell.

[0022] Furthermore, by hollowing out the inner seat, a sealed cavity is formed between the outer shell, the guide ring, and the inner seat. Multiple extraction holes, exhaust holes, and a first air guide pipe are then provided on the inner seat. Utilizing the unidirectional flow characteristics of the extraction and exhaust holes, and the characteristic that the first air guide pipe points towards the outer surface of the guide ring, during the processing of flue gas from the biomass steam boiler, the reciprocating rotation of the guide plate causes the two ends of the guide ring to alternately increase and decrease in size. This, in turn, causes the gas to form a flow path between the inner seat, the extraction holes, the cavity, the exhaust hole, and the first air guide pipe, thereby achieving cleaning of the outer surface of the guide ring. At the same time, the motion characteristics of the guide ring ensure comprehensive cleaning of the outer surface of the guide ring, guaranteeing guiding performance.

[0023] Furthermore, by setting up a second air guide pipe, and utilizing the characteristic that the second air guide pipe points to the landing point of solid impurity particles contained in the flue gas generated by the biomass steam boiler on the inner wall of the outer shell, during the process of treating the flue gas of the biomass steam boiler, the reciprocating rotation of the guide plate drives the two ends of the guide ring to alternately increase and decrease, thereby driving the gas to form a flow path in the inner seat, the air extraction hole, the cavity, the exhaust hole, and the second air guide pipe, thereby achieving the cleaning of the inner wall of the outer shell and ensuring the fire extinguishing effect. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural diagram of a centralized treatment device for flue gas from a biomass steam boiler and a biomass steam boiler during assembly, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the spark catcher in the centralized treatment equipment for flue gas from a biomass steam boiler provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 A side view of the spark catcher in the centralized treatment equipment for biomass steam boiler flue gas provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Sectional view along the AA direction;

[0028] Figure 5 A three-dimensional structural diagram of a spark catcher with its outer shell removed from a centralized treatment device for flue gas from a biomass steam boiler provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 6 A front view of the spark catcher with its outer shell removed from the centralized treatment equipment for biomass steam boiler flue gas provided in this embodiment of the invention. Figure 1 ;

[0030] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Sectional view along the BB direction;

[0031] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at the U-shaped section;

[0032] Figure 9 A side view of the spark catcher with its outer shell removed from the centralized treatment equipment for biomass steam boiler flue gas provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 10 for Figure 9 Cross-sectional view along the CC direction;

[0034] Figure 11 for Figure 10 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point V in the middle;

[0035] Figure 12 for Figure 10 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point W in the middle;

[0036] Figure 13 A schematic diagram of the front structure of the spark arrester with its outer shell removed from the centralized treatment equipment for biomass steam boiler flue gas provided in this embodiment of the invention. Figure 2 ;

[0037] Figure 14 for Figure 13 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point X in the middle;

[0038] Figure 15 for Figure 13 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point Y in the middle

[0039] Figure 16 A three-dimensional structural diagram of a part of the spark catcher in the centralized treatment equipment for flue gas from a biomass steam boiler provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 17for Figure 16 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point Z in the middle.

[0041] in:

[0042] 1. Spark catcher; 11. Housing; 1101. Air inlet; 1102. Air outlet; 1103. Slag discharge port; 1104. Conical section; 12. Inner seat; 1201. Mounting slot; 1202. Suction port; 1203. Exhaust port; 13. Support plate; 14. Guide ring belt; 1501. First drive motor; 1502. First transmission assembly; 15021. First spur gear; 15022. First rotating shaft; 15023. Second spur gear; 15024. First bevel gear; 15025. Second bevel gear; 1503, gear shaft; 1504, first tooth convexity; 1505, second tooth convexity; 16, first support shaft; 17, first guide plate; 1801, third drive motor; 1802, third transmission assembly; 18021, fifth bevel gear; 18022, sixth bevel gear; 19, second support shaft; 110, second guide plate; 111, fourth drive motor; 11201, third spur gear; 113, cavity; 114, first air guide pipe; 115, second air guide pipe; 116, tensioning plate;

[0043] 2. Bracket;

[0044] 3. Collection bin;

[0045] 4. Biomass steam boiler. Detailed Implementation

[0046] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0047] The serial numbers assigned to components in this document, such as "first," "second," etc., are merely used to distinguish the described objects and do not have any sequential or technical meaning. The terms "connection" and "linkage" used herein, unless otherwise specified, include both direct and indirect connections (linkages). In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used solely for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention.

[0048] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0049] The following reference Figures 1 to 17 The present invention describes a centralized treatment device for biomass steam boiler flue gas, which is particularly suitable for treating biomass steam boiler flue gas. Of course, it is also suitable for treating flue gas with sparks generated in other industrial production processes.

[0050] Specifically, the centralized treatment equipment for the flue gas of the biomass steam boiler is configured to include a spark catcher 1. The spark catcher 1 includes a shell 11 and an inner seat 12 located inside the shell 11. The shell 11 has a cylindrical structure and is horizontally arranged. To facilitate the installation of the shell 11, the centralized treatment equipment for the flue gas of the biomass steam boiler is also configured to include a support 2. The support 2 is located on one side of the biomass steam boiler 4. When installing, the shell 11 is set on top of the support 2, and its end faces the biomass steam boiler 4.

[0051] The outer casing 11 is provided with an air inlet 1101, an air outlet 1102, and a slag discharge port 1103. The end of the outer casing 11 near the biomass steam boiler 4 is open, and the air inlet 1101 is specifically formed at this opening and is connected to the flue gas outlet of the biomass steam boiler 4 to facilitate the reception of the biomass steam boiler flue gas. The air outlet 1102 is specifically located at the end of the outer casing 11 away from the biomass steam boiler 4 and is connected to the external environment / subsequent treatment equipment to facilitate the discharge of the treated biomass steam boiler flue gas. The slag discharge port 1103 is specifically located at the bottom of the outer casing 11 and is set near the air outlet 1102, and is configured to discharge solid impurity particles contained in the flue gas generated by the biomass steam boiler 4.

[0052] The outer shell 11 has a conical section 1104, with the smaller end of the conical section 1104 facing the biomass steam boiler 4; the inner seat 12 has a frustum structure, and its taper is equal to that of the conical section 1104. When installed, the inner seat 12 is coaxially arranged with the conical section 1104, and its smaller end faces the air inlet 1101; multiple support plates 13 are provided between the outer shell 11 and the inner seat 12. The multiple support plates 13 are evenly arranged along the circumference of the inner seat 12, and the support plates 13 are spirally arranged along the axial direction of the inner seat 12. The support plates 13 are also fixedly connected to the inner wall of the conical section 1104 and the conical side wall of the inner seat 12, so that an independent channel is formed between the inner wall of the conical section 1104, the conical side wall of the inner seat 12 and the adjacent support plates 13.

[0053] In the process of treating the flue gas from the biomass steam boiler, the flue gas first enters the space between the outer shell 11 and the inner seat 12 through the inlet 1101. Then, guided by the support plate 13, it spirals along an independent channel and finally impacts the inner wall of the outer shell 11, thus extinguishing the fire. The treated flue gas is then discharged through the outlet 1102. Solid impurities contained in the flue gas fall naturally under gravity and are finally discharged from the ash discharge port 1103.

[0054] While the above process can extinguish the flue gas from the biomass steam boiler, the end of the support plate 13 closest to the biomass steam boiler 4 is the first part that the flue gas comes into contact with after entering the outer casing 11. Simultaneously, because the support plate 13 serves to guide and direct the flow of the flue gas, the flue gas continuously flows and scours its surface. This results in the end of the support plate 13 closest to the biomass steam boiler 4 experiencing not only the largest initial impact load from the flue gas but also the longest period of time subjected to the scour and friction from the solid particles within the flue gas. This continuous impact and friction leads to significant wear on the end of the support plate 13 closest to the biomass steam boiler 4, affecting its service life. Furthermore, as a core component for guiding the flue gas, the wear of the support plate 13 directly impacts its guiding accuracy.

[0055] Based on this, in the centralized treatment equipment for biomass steam boiler flue gas provided in the embodiments of the present invention, multiple mounting slots 1201 are provided on the conical sidewall of the inner seat 12, and the multiple mounting slots 1201 are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction; the mounting slots 1201 are also spirally arranged along the axial direction of the inner seat 12; the support plate 13 is arranged at the mounting slot 1201, and the trajectory coincides with the trajectory of the mounting slot 1201; each support plate 13 is sleeved with a flow guide ring 14, so that the flow guide ring 14 can be supported by the support plate 13, so as to maintain the spiral shape. The flow guide ring 14 is also arranged in the mounting slot 1201 and forms a closed motion loop. At this time, a flow channel is formed between the inner wall of the conical section 1104, the conical sidewall of the inner seat 12 and the adjacent flow guide ring 14. The flow channel is configured to allow the flue gas generated by the biomass steam boiler 4 to pass through, and is simultaneously connected to the air inlet 1101, the air outlet 1102 and the slag discharge port 1103.

[0056] Thus, in the process of treating flue gas from biomass steam boilers, the position of the guide ring 14 in contact with the flue gas can be continuously switched by the movement of the guide ring 14, avoiding the problem of excessive wear caused by localized impact of flue gas on a localized part of the guide ring 14. This not only improves the service life of the guide ring 14, but also ensures the guiding effect of the guide ring 14.

[0057] The spark catcher 1 is configured to also include a first drive mechanism, which is configured to provide driving force for the movement of the guide ring 14.

[0058] Specifically, the first drive mechanism can be configured to include a first drive member, a first transmission assembly 1502, and multiple gear shafts 1503. The multiple gear shafts 1503 are evenly arranged circumferentially along the inner seat 12. Each gear shaft 1503 is located inside the end of the guide ring belt 14 and extends parallel to the width of the guide ring belt 14, and can rotate around its own axis. The inner end of each gear shaft 1503 is located inside the inner seat 12, and the outer end is located outside the inner seat 12. Multiple first tooth protrusions 1504 are provided on the outer peripheral sidewall of each gear shaft 1503. The first tooth protrusions 1504 are strip-shaped and extend parallel to the axis of the gear shaft 1503. The same tooth... Multiple first toothed protrusions 1504 on the axle 1503 are evenly arranged circumferentially; multiple second toothed protrusions 1505 are provided on the inner belt surface of each guide ring belt 14. The second toothed protrusions 1505 are strip-shaped structures and extend along the width direction of the guide ring belt 14. Multiple second toothed protrusions 1505 on the same guide ring belt 14 are evenly arranged along the belt length direction of the guide ring belt 14 and form a transmission engagement with the first toothed protrusions 1504; the first driving member is located in the inner seat 12 and has a first output end. The first output end is simultaneously connected to all gear shafts 1503 through the first transmission assembly 1502 so as to synchronously drive all gear shafts 1503 to rotate.

[0059] More specifically, the gear shaft 1503 is located on the inner side of the end of the guide ring belt 14 away from the biomass steam boiler 4. The first driving component is a first drive motor 1501, whose motor shaft is coaxial with the inner seat 12 and located near the large end of the inner seat 12. The first transmission assembly 1502 includes a first spur gear 15021 and a plurality of first rotating shafts 15022. The first spur gear 15021 is fixedly sleeved on the motor shaft of the first drive motor 1501, and the plurality of first rotating shafts 15022 are located along the inner seat 12. The gears are arranged circumferentially and are all parallel to the motor shaft of the first drive motor 1501, and each can rotate around its own axis. The first rotating shaft 15022 is located near the large end of the inner seat 12. A second spur gear 15023 and a first bevel gear 15024 are fixedly sleeved on each first rotating shaft 15022, and the second spur gear 15023 meshes with the first spur gear 15021. A second bevel gear 15025 is fixedly sleeved on each gear shaft 1503, and the second bevel gear 15025 meshes with the first bevel gear 15024.

[0060] During use, the first drive motor 1501 is started, which drives the first spur gear 15021 to rotate. When the first spur gear 15021 rotates, it synchronously drives the first rotating shaft 15022 to rotate through the meshing between the first spur gear 15023 and the first rotating shaft 15022. When the first rotating shaft 15022 rotates, it synchronously drives the gear shaft 1503 to rotate through the meshing between the first bevel gear 15024 and the second bevel gear 15025. When the gear shaft 1503 rotates, it synchronously drives the guide ring belt 14 to move through the transmission engagement between the first tooth cam 1504 and the second tooth cam 1505.

[0061] Understandably, the first driving component can also be a hydraulic motor, a pneumatic motor, or the like.

[0062] In other embodiments, the gear shaft 1503 is located on the inner side of the end of the guide ring belt 14 near the biomass steam boiler 4. The first drive mechanism can also be configured to include a second drive member and a second transmission assembly. The second drive member is a second drive motor, which is located near the small end of the inner seat 12, and the motor shaft and the inner seat 12 are coaxially arranged. The second transmission assembly includes a third bevel gear and a plurality of fourth bevel gears. The third bevel gear is fixedly sleeved on the motor shaft of the second drive motor, and the gear shaft 1503 is fixedly sleeved with a fourth bevel gear. All the fourth bevel gears mesh with the third bevel gears at the same time.

[0063] During use, the second drive motor is started, which drives the third bevel gear to rotate. When the third bevel gear rotates, it synchronously drives all the gear shafts 1503 to rotate through the meshing with the fourth bevel gear. When the gear shafts 1503 rotate, they synchronously drive the guide ring belt 14 to move through the transmission cooperation between the first tooth cam 1504 and the second tooth cam 1505.

[0064] Understandably, the second drive component can also be a hydraulic motor, a pneumatic motor, or the like.

[0065] In some embodiments, to improve applicability, a first support shaft 16 is provided on the inner side of the end of each guide ring 14 near the small end of the inner seat 12. The first support shaft 16 extends along the bandwidth direction parallel to the guide ring 14 and can rotate around its own axis, with its inner end located inside the inner seat 12 and its outer end located outside the inner seat 12. A first guide plate 17 is fixedly sleeved on each first support shaft 16. The first guide plate 17 and the first support shaft 16 are arranged in parallel. The first guide plate 17 can form a stop engagement with the guide ring 14 to change the shape of the end of the guide ring 14 near the small end of the inner seat 12, thereby adjusting the flue gas flow rate in the flow channel according to the usage.

[0066] Specifically, in order to provide the driving force for the rotation of the first support shaft 16, the spark catcher 1 is configured to also include a third drive mechanism. The third drive mechanism is configured to include a third drive member and a third transmission assembly 1802. The third drive member is located in the inner seat 12 and has a third output end. The third output end is simultaneously connected to all the first support shafts 16 through the third transmission assembly 1802.

[0067] More specifically, the third driving component is a third driving motor 1801, which is located near the small end of the inner seat 12, and the motor shaft is coaxial with the inner seat 12; the third transmission assembly 1802 includes a fifth bevel gear 18021 and a plurality of sixth bevel gears 18022, the fifth bevel gear 18021 is fixedly sleeved on the motor shaft of the third driving motor 1801, and all the first support shafts 16 are fixedly sleeved with sixth bevel gears 18022, and the sixth bevel gears 18022 and the fifth bevel gears 18021 mesh.

[0068] During use, the third drive motor 1801 is started, which drives the fifth bevel gear 18021 to rotate. When the fifth bevel gear 18021 rotates, it simultaneously drives all the first support shafts 16 to rotate through meshing with the sixth bevel gear 18022. Figure 14As shown, when the first support shaft 16 rotates clockwise as shown, the stop between the first guide plate 17 and the guide ring 14 simultaneously causes the end of the guide ring 14 near the small end of the inner seat 12 to deform, which increases the width of the end of the guide ring 14 near the small end of the inner seat 12 along the circumference of the inner seat 12, thereby increasing its resistance to the flow of flue gas and reducing the flow rate of flue gas.

[0069] Understandably, the third drive component can also be a hydraulic motor, a pneumatic motor, or the like.

[0070] In a further embodiment, to avoid the problem of solid impurity particles contained in the flue gas of the biomass steam boiler constantly impacting a local area of ​​the inner wall of the outer shell 11, causing excessive wear at that local area, a second support shaft 19 is provided on the inner side of the end of each guide ring 14 near the large end of the inner seat 12. The second support shaft 19 extends along the width direction parallel to the guide ring 14 and can rotate around its own axis, with its inner end located inside the inner seat 12 and its outer end located outside the inner seat 12. A second guide plate 110 is fixedly sleeved on each second support shaft 19. The second guide plate 110 can form a stop engagement with the guide ring 14 to change the shape of the end of the guide ring 14 near the large end of the inner seat 12, thereby changing the landing point of the solid impurity particles contained in the flue gas generated by the biomass steam boiler 4 on the inner wall of the outer shell 11.

[0071] Specifically, in order to provide the driving force for the rotation of the second support shaft 19, the spark catcher 1 is configured to also include a second drive mechanism. The second drive mechanism is configured to include a fourth drive member and a fourth transmission assembly. The fourth drive member is located inside the inner seat 12 and has a fourth output end. The fourth output end is simultaneously connected to all the second support shafts 19 through the fourth transmission assembly.

[0072] More specifically, the fourth driving component is a fourth driving motor 111, which is located near the large end of the inner seat 12, and its motor shaft is coaxial with the inner seat 12. The fourth transmission assembly includes a third spur gear 11201 and multiple second rotating shafts. The third spur gear 11201 is fixedly sleeved on the motor shaft of the fourth driving motor 111. The multiple second rotating shafts are arranged circumferentially along the inner seat 12 and are all parallel to the motor shaft of the fourth driving motor 111. Each second rotating shaft has its inner end located inside the inner seat 12 and its outer end located outside the inner seat 12. Each second rotating shaft is fixedly sleeved with a fourth spur gear and a seventh bevel gear, which mesh with the third spur gear 11201. Each second support shaft 19 is fixedly sleeved with an eighth bevel gear, and all the eighth bevel gears mesh with the seventh bevel gear simultaneously.

[0073] During use, the fourth drive motor 111 is started, which drives the third spur gear 11201 to rotate. When the third spur gear 11201 rotates, it synchronously drives all the second rotating shafts to rotate through the meshing with the fourth spur gear. When the second rotating shafts rotate, they synchronously drive all the second support shafts 19 to rotate through the meshing between the seventh and eighth bevel gears. Figure 15 As shown, when the second support shaft 19 rotates clockwise as shown, the stop between the second guide plate 110 and the guide ring 14 simultaneously causes the end of the guide ring 14 near the large end of the inner seat 12 to become larger, thereby changing the guiding direction of the guide ring 14. As a result, when the flue gas from the biomass steam boiler moves to the end of the guide ring 14 near the outlet 1102, the landing point of the solid impurity particles contained in the flue gas of the biomass steam boiler on the inner wall of the outer shell 11 will change, thereby avoiding the problem of local excessive wear on the inner wall of the outer shell 11.

[0074] Understandably, the fourth drive component can also be a hydraulic motor, a pneumatic motor, or the like.

[0075] In a further embodiment, to achieve cleaning of the outer surface of the guide ring 14 and ensure its guiding performance, the inner seat 12 is hollow; a sealed cavity 113 is formed between the outer shell 11, the guide ring 14, and the inner seat 12; multiple air extraction holes 1202 are evenly distributed circumferentially on the side wall of the inner seat 12 near its small end, and the air extraction holes 1202 correspond to and communicate with the cavity 113; multiple exhaust holes 1203 are evenly distributed circumferentially on the side wall of the inner seat 12 near its large end, and the exhaust holes 1203 correspond to and communicate with the cavity 113; air extraction... Both the suction port 1202 and the exhaust port 1203 are equipped with one-way valves. The opening direction of the one-way valve at the suction port 1202 is from the inside of the inner seat 12 to the cavity 113, and the opening direction of the one-way valve at the exhaust port 1203 is from the cavity 113 to the inside of the inner seat 12. The one-way valves can be equipped with a spring-type structure. The large end of the inner seat 12 is a filter membrane structure, which facilitates the entry of filtered gas into the inner seat 12. Multiple first air guide pipes 114 are provided on the inner seat 12. The first air guide pipes 114 correspond to and are connected to the exhaust port 1203, and point to the outer surface of the guide ring 14.

[0076] When it is necessary to clean the outer surface of the guide ring belt 14, the rotation directions of the first support shaft 16 and the second support shaft 19 are set to be opposite. Under the stop cooperation between the first guide plate 17 and the guide ring belt 14, and under the stop cooperation between the second guide plate 110 and the guide ring belt 14, the end of the guide ring belt 14 near the biomass steam boiler 4 will become larger and smaller, and the end of the guide ring belt 14 away from the biomass steam boiler 4 will become smaller and larger, and the two changes are in opposite directions.

[0077] Specifically, as the end of the guide ring 14 near the biomass steam boiler 4 shrinks, the space formed by it, the inner wall of the outer shell 11, and the outer wall of the inner seat 12 decreases, and the pressure increases, creating a pressure difference across the exhaust port 1202. Due to the one-way action of the check valve, the check valve at the exhaust port 1202 will not open. Simultaneously, the end of the guide ring 14 away from the biomass steam boiler 4 will correspondingly enlarge. During this process, the space formed by it, the inner wall of the outer shell 11, and the outer wall of the inner seat 12 increases, and the pressure decreases, creating a pressure difference across the exhaust port 1203. Due to the one-way action of the check valve, the check valve at the exhaust port 1203 will not open. At the same time, a pressure difference exists between the two ends of the guide ring 14, and the pressure at the end of the guide ring 14 near the biomass steam boiler 4 is greater. Therefore, under the action of this pressure difference, the gas at the end of the guide ring 14 near the biomass steam boiler 4 will flow to the end of the guide ring 14 away from the biomass steam boiler 4.

[0078] The end of the guide ring 14 closest to the biomass steam boiler 4 then widens. During this process, the space formed by the guide ring 14, the inner wall of the outer shell 11, and the outer wall of the inner seat 12 increases, and the pressure decreases, creating a pressure difference across the exhaust port 1202. When the pressure difference reaches a set value, the one-way valve at the exhaust port 1202 opens, allowing air from inside the inner seat 12 to enter the cavity 113. Simultaneously, the end of the guide ring 14 furthest from the biomass steam boiler 4 correspondingly narrows. During this process, the space formed by the guide ring 14, the inner wall of the outer shell 11, and the outer wall of the inner seat 12 decreases, and the pressure increases, creating a pressure difference across the exhaust port 1203. When the pressure difference reaches a set value, the one-way valve at the exhaust port 1203 opens, allowing air from the cavity 113 to enter the first air guide pipe 114 through the exhaust port 1203 and then exit from the first air guide pipe 114, thus cleaning the outer surface of the guide ring 14.

[0079] During the above process, the gas forms a flow path inside the inner seat 12, the extraction port 1202, the cavity 113, the exhaust port 1203, and the first gas guide pipe 114.

[0080] In a further embodiment, in order to clean the inner wall of the outer shell 11, a plurality of second air guide pipes 115 are uniformly arranged circumferentially on the large end of the inner seat 12. The second air guide pipes 115 correspond to and are connected to the exhaust port 1203, and point to the landing point of solid impurity particles contained in the flue gas generated by the biomass steam boiler 4 on the inner wall of the outer shell 11.

[0081] When it is necessary to clean the outer surface of the guide ring belt 14, the rotation directions of the first support shaft 16 and the second support shaft 19 are set to be opposite. Under the stop cooperation between the first guide plate 17 and the guide ring belt 14, and under the stop cooperation between the second guide plate 110 and the guide ring belt 14, the end of the guide ring belt 14 near the biomass steam boiler 4 will become larger and smaller, and the end of the guide ring belt 14 away from the biomass steam boiler 4 will become smaller and larger, and the two changes are in opposite directions.

[0082] Specifically, as the end of the guide ring 14 near the biomass steam boiler 4 shrinks, the space formed by it, the inner wall of the outer shell 11, and the outer wall of the inner seat 12 decreases, and the pressure increases, creating a pressure difference across the exhaust port 1202. Due to the one-way action of the check valve, the check valve at the exhaust port 1202 will not open. Simultaneously, the end of the guide ring 14 away from the biomass steam boiler 4 will correspondingly enlarge. During this process, the space formed by it, the inner wall of the outer shell 11, and the outer wall of the inner seat 12 increases, and the pressure decreases, creating a pressure difference across the exhaust port 1203. Due to the one-way action of the check valve, the check valve at the exhaust port 1203 will not open. At the same time, a pressure difference exists between the two ends of the guide ring 14, and the pressure at the end of the guide ring 14 near the biomass steam boiler 4 is greater. Therefore, under the action of this pressure difference, the gas at the end of the guide ring 14 near the biomass steam boiler 4 will flow to the end of the guide ring 14 away from the biomass steam boiler 4.

[0083] The end of the guide ring 14 closest to the biomass steam boiler 4 then widens. During this process, the space formed by the guide ring 14, the inner wall of the outer shell 11, and the outer wall of the inner seat 12 increases, and the pressure decreases, creating a pressure difference across the exhaust port 1202. When the pressure difference reaches a set value, the one-way valve at the exhaust port 1202 opens, allowing air from inside the inner seat 12 to enter the cavity 113. Simultaneously, the end of the guide ring 14 furthest from the biomass steam boiler 4 correspondingly narrows. During this process, the space formed by the guide ring 14, the inner wall of the outer shell 11, and the outer wall of the inner seat 12 decreases, and the pressure increases, creating a pressure difference across the exhaust port 1203. When the pressure difference reaches a set value, the one-way valve at the exhaust port 1203 opens, allowing air from the cavity 113 to enter the second air guide pipe 115 through the exhaust port 1203 and then exit from the second air guide pipe 115, thus cleaning the inner wall of the outer shell 11.

[0084] During the above process, the gas forms a flow path inside the inner seat 12, the extraction port 1202, the cavity 113, the exhaust port 1203, and the second air guide pipe 115.

[0085] In other embodiments, in order to collect solid impurity particles contained in the flue gas generated by the biomass steam boiler 4, the centralized treatment equipment for the flue gas of the biomass steam boiler is configured to further include a collection chamber 3, which is connected to the slag discharge port 1103.

[0086] In other embodiments, in order to tension the guide ring belt 14, a tensioning plate 116 is provided on the inner side of the end of the guide ring belt 14. The tensioning plate 116 is a strip structure and extends along the bandwidth direction of the guide ring belt 14, and its inner end is fixed on the inner seat 12. The tensioning plate 116 can form a stop engagement with the guide ring belt 14 to tension the guide ring belt 14.

[0087] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0088] The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A centralized treatment device for flue gas from a biomass steam boiler, characterized in that, The centralized treatment equipment for the flue gas of the biomass steam boiler includes a spark catcher. The spark catcher includes a shell and an inner seat located inside the shell. The shell has an air inlet, an air outlet, and a slag discharge port. The air inlet is connected to the flue gas outlet of the biomass steam boiler, and the air outlet is connected to the external environment / subsequent treatment equipment. The slag discharge port is configured to discharge solid impurity particles contained in the flue gas generated by the biomass steam boiler. The inner seat has a frustum structure with its small end facing the air inlet. Multiple support plates are arranged between the shell and the inner seat. The multiple support plates are arranged circumferentially along the inner seat and spirally arranged axially along the inner seat. Each support plate is fitted with a flow guide ring, which forms a closed motion loop. A flow channel is formed between adjacent flow guide rings. The flow channel is configured to allow the flue gas generated by the biomass steam boiler to pass through and is simultaneously connected to the air inlet, the air outlet, and the slag discharge port. Each of the flow guide rings has a first support shaft on the inner side of its end near the small end of the inner seat. The first support shaft extends along the width direction parallel to the flow guide ring and can rotate around its own axis. Each support shaft has a first guide plate, which can form a stop with the flow guide ring to change the shape of the end of the flow guide ring near the small end of the inner seat, thereby adjusting the flue gas flow rate in the flow channel according to the usage.

2. The centralized treatment equipment for biomass steam boiler flue gas according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the flow guide rings has a second support shaft on its inner side near the large end of the inner seat. The second support shaft extends along the width direction parallel to the flow guide ring and can rotate around its own axis. Each of the second support shafts has a second guide plate, which can form a stop with the flow guide ring to change the shape of the end of the flow guide ring near the large end of the inner seat, thereby changing the landing point of solid impurity particles contained in the flue gas generated by the biomass steam boiler on the inner wall of the outer shell.

3. The centralized treatment equipment for biomass steam boiler flue gas according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inner seat is hollow inside; a sealed cavity is formed between the outer shell, the guide ring, and the inner seat; multiple air extraction holes are circumferentially opened on the side wall of the inner seat near its small end, and the air extraction holes correspond to and communicate with the cavity; multiple exhaust holes are circumferentially opened on the side wall of the inner seat near its large end, and the exhaust holes correspond to and communicate with the cavity; a one-way valve is inserted in both the air extraction hole and the exhaust hole, the opening direction of the one-way valve at the air extraction hole is from the inside of the inner seat to the cavity, and the opening direction of the one-way valve at the exhaust hole is from the cavity to the inside of the inner seat; the large end of the inner seat is a filter membrane structure; multiple first air guide tubes are provided on the inner seat, the first air guide tubes correspond to and communicate with the exhaust holes, and point to the outer surface of the guide ring.

4. The centralized treatment equipment for biomass steam boiler flue gas according to claim 3, characterized in that, The inner seat is also provided with a plurality of second air guide pipes, which correspond to and are connected to the exhaust port, and point to the landing point of solid impurity particles contained in the flue gas generated by the biomass steam boiler on the inner wall of the outer shell.

5. The centralized treatment equipment for biomass steam boiler flue gas according to claim 3, characterized in that, The one-way valve has a spring-loaded structure.

6. The centralized treatment equipment for flue gas from a biomass steam boiler according to claim 2, characterized in that, The spark catcher also includes a second drive mechanism configured to provide a driving force for the rotation of the second support shaft.

7. The centralized treatment equipment for biomass steam boiler flue gas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spark catcher also includes a third drive mechanism configured to provide a driving force for the rotation of the first support shaft.

8. The centralized treatment equipment for flue gas from a biomass steam boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spark catcher also includes a first drive mechanism configured to provide driving force for the movement of the guide ring.

9. The centralized treatment equipment for flue gas from a biomass steam boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that, The centralized treatment equipment for the flue gas from the biomass steam boiler also includes a collection chamber, which is connected to the slag discharge port.

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