Roadway surrounding rock deformation inversion method based on laser scanning and anchor rod and anchor cable stress

Abstract

The invention provides a roadway surrounding rock deformation inversion method based on laser scanning and anchor rod and anchor cable stress, and relates to the technical field of coal mine roadway detection. The method comprises the steps that based on point cloud data, the axial force of an anchor rod and an anchor cable in a target area and the total surface deformation amount are determined; determining the deformation of the shallow surrounding rock according to the axial force of the anchor rod, and determining the deformation of the middle surrounding rock according to the axial force of the anchor cable; and determining the deformation of the deep surrounding rock based on the total surface deformation, the deformation of the shallow surrounding rock and the deformation of the middle surrounding rock. The continuous deformation distribution information from the surface of the roadway to the deep rock mass is determined by using the anchor rods and the anchor cables which are widely distributed in the roadway, and the deformation information is refined to different levels, so that dense and distributed monitoring of the surrounding rock state of the section of the roadway is realized, and the problem of monitoring blind areas is reduced. The anchor rod and the anchor cable are used as monitoring devices, a large number of drill holes are not needed, the monitoring function can be achieved through an existing supporting component, the cost is saved, the construction period is shortened, and the anti-interference capacity is higher.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of coal mine roadway detection technology, and in particular to a method for inverting the deformation of surrounding rock in roadways based on laser scanning and anchor bolt and cable stress. Background Technology

[0002] Anchor bolt and cable support technology is a core technology for ensuring the stability of surrounding rock in underground engineering projects such as mines and tunnels. To accurately evaluate the support effect and provide early warning of disasters such as roof falls and spalling, monitoring the deformation of the surrounding rock at different depths is crucial. Among related technologies, roof delamination monitoring is widely used. This method involves drilling holes in the roof or sidewalls of the roadway and setting fixed benchmarks at different depths (e.g., 2m shallow, 6m deep). The amount of delamination at different depths is obtained by measuring the relative displacement between each benchmark and the borehole reference point. However, this method is point-based monitoring, and the monitoring results only reflect the rock deformation within a very small area around the borehole. For roadways with complex geological conditions and uneven stress distribution, a few monitoring points cannot comprehensively and accurately reflect the surrounding rock state of the entire roadway cross-section, resulting in monitoring blind spots. Furthermore, installation is complex, requiring specialized drilling, resulting in a large amount of construction work. The monitoring elements and cables are also easily damaged by collisions with construction equipment and mine cars in the harsh underground environment, leading to data interruptions. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This disclosure aims to at least partially address one of the technical problems in the related art.

[0004] Therefore, the first aspect of this disclosure proposes a method for inverting the deformation of surrounding rock in roadways based on laser scanning and anchor bolt / cable stress, comprising the following steps: Point cloud data of the target area of ​​the tunnel is acquired by three-dimensional laser scanning. The target area includes anchor bolt trays, anchor cable trays and surrounding rock. Based on the point cloud data, the point cloud of the anchor bolt tray, the point cloud of the anchor cable tray, and the point cloud of the surrounding rock are separated. The axial force of the anchor bolt in the target area is determined based on the anchor bolt tray point cloud, the axial force of the anchor cable in the target area is determined based on the anchor cable tray point cloud, and the total surface deformation of the target area is determined based on the surrounding rock point cloud. The deformation of the shallow surrounding rock in the target area is obtained by inverting the axial force of the anchor bolt, and the deformation of the middle surrounding rock in the target area is obtained by inverting the axial force of the anchor cable. The deformation of the deep surrounding rock in the target area is determined based on the total surface deformation, the deformation of the shallow surrounding rock, and the deformation of the middle surrounding rock.

[0005] The second aspect of this disclosure provides a tunnel surrounding rock deformation inversion device based on laser scanning and anchor bolt / cable stress, comprising: The point cloud acquisition module is used to collect point cloud data of the target area of ​​the tunnel through three-dimensional laser scanning. The target area includes anchor bolt trays, anchor cable trays and surrounding rock. The extraction module is used to separate the anchor bolt tray point cloud, anchor cable tray point cloud, and surrounding rock point cloud based on the point cloud data; The layered monitoring module is used to determine the axial force of the anchor bolt in the target area based on the anchor bolt tray point cloud, to determine the axial force of the anchor cable in the target area based on the anchor cable tray point cloud, and to determine the total surface deformation of the target area based on the surrounding rock point cloud. The inversion module is used to invert the deformation of the shallow surrounding rock in the target area based on the axial force of the anchor bolt, and to invert the deformation of the middle surrounding rock in the target area based on the axial force of the anchor cable. The determination module is used to determine the deformation of the deep surrounding rock in the target area based on the total surface deformation, the deformation of the shallow surrounding rock, and the deformation of the middle surrounding rock.

[0006] A third aspect of this disclosure provides an electronic device, including: a processor, and a memory communicatively connected to the processor; The memory stores computer-executed instructions; The processor executes computer execution instructions stored in the memory to implement the method described in the first aspect above.

[0007] A fourth aspect of this disclosure provides a computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, are used to implement the method described in the first aspect above.

[0008] The method for inverting the deformation of surrounding rock in roadways based on laser scanning and anchor bolt / cable stress provided in this disclosure utilizes widely distributed anchor bolts and cables within the roadway. Through mechanical model inversion, it determines the continuous deformation distribution information from the roadway surface to the deep rock mass, rather than just data from a few discrete points. Furthermore, it refines the deformation information to different levels, enabling dense and distributed monitoring of the surrounding rock condition across the roadway cross-section, reducing monitoring blind spots. In addition, this disclosure uses anchor bolts and cables as monitoring devices, eliminating the need for extensive drilling for monitoring construction. Monitoring functions can be achieved using existing support components, saving costs and construction time, and providing stronger anti-interference capabilities.

[0009] Additional aspects and advantages of this disclosure will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this disclosure. Attached Figure Description

[0010] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this disclosure will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a method provided in an embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the surrounding rock of a tunnel provided in this embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a separated anchor bolt tray point cloud, anchor cable tray point cloud, and surrounding rock point cloud provided in an embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the total surface deformation of a target area provided in an embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the layered deformation of the surrounding rock in a tunnel, provided as an embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a tunnel surrounding rock deformation inversion device based on laser scanning and anchor bolt / cable stress, provided as an embodiment of the present disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0011] Embodiments of this disclosure are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this disclosure, and should not be construed as limiting this disclosure.

[0012] Specifically, the following describes an embodiment of the present disclosure of a method for inverting the deformation of surrounding rock in a tunnel based on laser scanning and anchor bolt / cable stress.

[0013] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for inverting the deformation of surrounding rock in a roadway based on laser scanning and anchor bolt / cable stress, as provided in this embodiment of the disclosure. Figure 1 As shown, the method for inverting the deformation of surrounding rock in roadways based on laser scanning and anchor bolt / cable stress may include the following steps: Step 101: Collect point cloud data of the target area of ​​the tunnel using three-dimensional laser scanning. The target area includes the anchor bolt tray, the anchor cable tray, and the surrounding rock.

[0014] It should be noted that the point cloud data of the target area of ​​the tunnel is point cloud data of the target area at different stages, which is used to monitor the deformation of the surrounding rock surface.

[0015] Step 102: Based on the point cloud data, separate the anchor bolt tray point cloud, anchor cable tray point cloud, and surrounding rock point cloud.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the surrounding rock of a tunnel provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of a separated anchor bolt tray point cloud, anchor cable tray point cloud, and surrounding rock point cloud provided for embodiments of this disclosure. Figure 2 As shown, a mechanical zoning model is constructed for the surrounding rock of the roadway, which mechanically divides the surrounding rock of the roadway supported by anchor bolts and cables into three regions: shallow surrounding rock (i.e., shallow anchor bolt support zone), middle surrounding rock (i.e., middle anchor cable support zone), and deep surrounding rock (i.e., deep elastic zone).

[0017] Among them, the rock mass area near the roadway surface in the shallow anchor bolt support zone is mainly supported by anchor bolts, and its deformation is constrained by the anchor bolts; The middle anchor cable support zone is a rock mass area located outside the shallow zone. It is supported by the anchor cable anchoring section and is a key area for force transmission between the deep and shallow parts. The deep elastic zone is located in the original rock mass region outside the central zone, and is assumed to be in an elastic deformation state.

[0018] Step 103: Determine the axial force of the anchor bolt in the target area based on the anchor bolt tray point cloud, determine the axial force of the anchor cable in the target area based on the anchor cable tray point cloud, and determine the total surface deformation of the target area based on the surrounding rock point cloud.

[0019] In one implementation, the deformation of the anchor bolt tray is determined based on the anchor bolt tray point cloud, and the axial force data of the anchor bolt is calculated using the anchor bolt tray. The processing of the anchor cable tray point cloud is similar: the deformation of the anchor cable tray is determined based on the anchor cable tray point cloud, and the axial force data of the anchor cable is calculated using the anchor cable tray. The axial force of the anchor bolt and / or anchor cable in the target area is... The calculation formula can be found below:

[0020]

[0021]

[0022] in, The radial normal stress on the tray representing the anchor bolt or anchor cable. This represents the tangential normal stress in the anchor bolt or anchor cable. This represents the anchor bolt tray deformation obtained from the anchor bolt tray point cloud or the anchor cable tray deformation obtained from the anchor cable tray point cloud, where E is the modulus, t is the tray thickness, and R is the tray radius. This is a Kelvin function.

[0023] In one implementation, based on the surrounding rock point cloud, the total surface deformation of the target area is determined by comparing data from different stages, such as... Figure 4 As shown.

[0024] Step 104: Obtain the deformation of the shallow surrounding rock in the target area based on the axial force of the anchor bolt, and obtain the deformation of the middle surrounding rock in the target area based on the axial force of the anchor cable.

[0025] In one implementation, the axial force of the anchor bolt can be used as a reference. Combined with the cross-sectional area of ​​the anchor bolt Elastic modulus Length of free section of anchor bolt The deformation within the anchor bolt control range of the target area is obtained by inversion using Hooke's law; based on the deformation within the anchor bolt control range, the average strain of the shallow surrounding rock is obtained by interpolation. and deformation amount After obtaining the deformation within the anchor bolt control area of ​​the target region, the deformation at all locations within the shallow surrounding rock of the target region is determined using interpolation. The formula for calculating the deformation within the anchor bolt control area of ​​the target region can be found below:

[0026] Similarly, the deformation of the surrounding rock in the middle section can be determined based on the axial force of the anchor cable. Combined with the cross-sectional area of ​​the anchor cable Elastic modulus Length of free section of anchor cable The average strain of the anchor cable control range in the target region is obtained by inversion using Hooke's law. and deformation amount The deformation of the surrounding rock in the middle area is obtained by interpolation based on the deformation within the anchor cable control range. The formula for calculating the deformation within the anchor cable control range in the target area can be found below:

[0027] Step 105: Determine the deformation of the deep surrounding rock in the target area based on the total surface deformation, the deformation of the shallow surrounding rock, and the deformation of the middle surrounding rock.

[0028] For any point around the tunnel, interpolation is performed using the deformation of the shallow and middle surrounding rocks obtained from the inversion as boundary conditions, combined with the total surface deformation obtained from laser scanning. By applying the principle of deformation compatibility, the deformation of the deep surrounding rock at the corresponding location can be inferred. Alternatively, the deformation of the deep surrounding rock in the target area can be determined using the following formula:

[0029] in, Let x represent the deformation of the deep surrounding rock at location x in the target area. Let x be the total surface deformation at position x in the target region. Let x represent the deformation of the shallow surrounding rock at location x in the target area. This represents the deformation of the surrounding rock at position x in the target area.

[0030] This yields the deformation amounts of the shallow, middle, and deep surrounding rock of the tunnel, and further allows for the determination of the corresponding deformation rates. In some embodiments, the aforementioned deformation amounts and rates can be visualized to generate layered deformation amounts of the tunnel's surrounding rock, such as... Figure 5 As shown.

[0031] By implementing the embodiments of this disclosure, using widely distributed anchor bolts and cables within the roadway, and through mechanical model inversion, continuous deformation distribution information from the roadway surface to the deep rock mass is determined, rather than just data from a few discrete points. Furthermore, the deformation information is refined to different levels, enabling dense, distributed monitoring of the surrounding rock condition across the roadway cross-section and reducing monitoring blind spots. In addition, this disclosure uses anchor bolts and cables as monitoring devices, eliminating the need for extensive drilling for monitoring construction. Monitoring functions can be achieved using existing support components, saving costs and construction time, and providing stronger anti-interference capabilities.

[0032] Optionally, in some embodiments of this disclosure, the deformation rates of the shallow, middle, and deep surrounding rock can be determined based on the deformation amounts of the surrounding rock. Based on the deformation amounts and rates of the shallow, middle, and deep surrounding rock, abnormal deformation areas and corresponding warning types in the target area can be identified using a long short-term memory neural network model. Further, in some embodiments, an optimized support scheme for the target area can be generated based on the abnormal deformation areas and corresponding warning types.

[0033] As an example, large shallow deformation and small mid-section deformation may indicate shallow fracturing; a surge in mid-section deformation may indicate increased deep stress and impending anchor cable failure; large deep deformation may foreshadow large-scale far-field rock movement. For areas with excessive shallow deformation, it is recommended to increase anchor density or install surface protection components such as W-steel strips. For areas with abnormal mid-section deformation, it is recommended to install additional anchor cables or use higher-grade anchor cables. For areas with significant deep deformation, it is recommended to conduct regional stress relief or adopt a more macroscopic support strategy.

[0034] This not only enables monitoring but also allows for automatic data collection and real-time analysis, allowing for earlier detection of minute changes and trends in surrounding rock deformation, thus providing early warning. By directly linking monitoring data with stability assessments and support optimization decisions, a complete intelligent closed-loop system of "monitoring-analysis-decision" is formed.

[0035] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a tunnel surrounding rock deformation inversion device based on laser scanning and anchor bolt / cable stress, provided as an embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 6As shown, the tunnel surrounding rock deformation inversion device based on laser scanning and anchor bolt and cable force may include: point cloud acquisition module 601, extraction module 602, layer monitoring module 603, inversion module 604 and determination module 605.

[0036] The point cloud acquisition module 601 is used to acquire point cloud data of the target area of ​​the tunnel through three-dimensional laser scanning. The target area includes the anchor bolt tray, the anchor cable tray and the surrounding rock.

[0037] Extraction module 602 is used to separate the anchor bolt tray point cloud, anchor cable tray point cloud and surrounding rock point cloud based on point cloud data.

[0038] The layered monitoring module 603 is used to determine the axial force of the anchor bolt in the target area based on the anchor bolt tray point cloud, the axial force of the anchor cable in the target area based on the anchor cable tray point cloud, and the total surface deformation of the target area based on the surrounding rock point cloud.

[0039] The inversion module 604 is used to invert the deformation of the shallow surrounding rock in the target area based on the axial force of the anchor bolt, and to invert the deformation of the middle surrounding rock in the target area based on the axial force of the anchor cable.

[0040] The determination module 605 is used to determine the deformation of the deep surrounding rock in the target area based on the total surface deformation, the deformation of the shallow surrounding rock, and the deformation of the middle surrounding rock.

[0041] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the inversion module 604 is specifically used to: based on the axial force of the anchor bolt, combined with the cross-sectional area, elastic modulus, and free segment length of the anchor bolt, use Hooke's law to invert the deformation of the anchor bolt control range in the target area; and based on the deformation of the anchor bolt control range, use interpolation to obtain the deformation of the shallow surrounding rock.

[0042] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the inversion module 604 is specifically used to: based on the axial force of the anchor cable, combined with the cross-sectional area, elastic modulus, and free segment length of the anchor cable, use Hooke's law to invert the deformation of the anchor cable control range in the target area; and based on the deformation of the anchor cable control range, use interpolation to obtain the deformation of the surrounding rock in the middle.

[0043] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the axial force of the anchor bolts and / or anchor cables in the target region is determined by the following formula. :

[0044] in, This represents the anchor bolt tray deformation obtained from the anchor bolt tray point cloud or the anchor cable tray deformation obtained from the anchor cable tray point cloud, where E is the modulus, t is the tray thickness, and R is the tray radius. This is a Kelvin function.

[0045] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the deformation of the deep surrounding rock in the target area is determined using the following formula, based on the total surface deformation, the deformation of the shallow surrounding rock, and the deformation of the middle surrounding rock:

[0046] in, Let x represent the deformation of the deep surrounding rock at location x in the target area. Let x be the total surface deformation at position x in the target region. Let x represent the deformation of the shallow surrounding rock at location x in the target area. This represents the deformation of the surrounding rock at position x in the target area.

[0047] In some embodiments of this disclosure, in such Figure 6 Based on the illustrated embodiment, the tunnel surrounding rock deformation inversion device based on laser scanning and anchor bolt / cable force can further include an early warning module; wherein, the early warning module is used to: determine the deformation rate of shallow, middle and deep surrounding rock based on the deformation amount of shallow, middle and deep surrounding rock respectively; and identify the deformation anomaly area and corresponding early warning type of the target area based on the deformation amount and deformation rate of shallow, middle and deep surrounding rock according to a long short-term memory neural network model.

[0048] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the early warning module can also be used to: generate a support optimization scheme for the target area based on the abnormal deformation area and the corresponding early warning type.

[0049] Regarding the apparatus in the above embodiments, the specific manner in which each module performs its operation has been described in detail in the embodiments related to the method, and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0050] To implement the above embodiments, this disclosure also proposes an electronic device, including: a processor and a memory communicatively connected to the processor; the memory stores computer execution instructions; the processor executes the computer execution instructions stored in the memory to implement the method provided in the foregoing embodiments.

[0051] To implement the above embodiments, this disclosure also proposes a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, are used to implement the methods provided in the foregoing embodiments.

[0052] To implement the above embodiments, this disclosure also proposes a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the methods provided in the foregoing embodiments.

[0053] In the foregoing descriptions of the embodiments, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of this disclosure. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0054] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this disclosure, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0055] Any process or method description in the flowchart or otherwise herein can be understood as representing a module, segment, or portion of code comprising one or more executable instructions for implementing custom logic functions or processes, and the scope of preferred embodiments of this disclosure includes additional implementations in which functions may be performed not in the order shown or discussed, including substantially simultaneously or in reverse order depending on the functions involved, as will be understood by those skilled in the art to which embodiments of this disclosure pertain.

[0056] The logic and / or steps represented in the flowchart or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as a sequenced list of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device (such as a computer-based system, a processor-included system, or other system that can fetch and execute instructions from, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device). For the purposes of this specification, "computer-readable medium" can be any means that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transmit programs for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of computer-readable media include: an electrical connection having one or more wires (electronic device), a portable computer disk drive (magnetic device), random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable and editable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), fiber optic devices, and portable optical disc read-only memory (CDROM). Alternatively, the computer-readable medium may be paper or other suitable media on which the program can be printed, since the program can be obtained electronically, for example, by optically scanning the paper or other medium, followed by editing, interpreting, or otherwise processing as necessary, and then stored in a computer memory.

[0057] It should be understood that various parts of this disclosure can be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, multiple steps or methods can be implemented in software or firmware stored in memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented in hardware as in another embodiment, it can be implemented using any one or a combination of the following techniques known in the art: discrete logic circuits having logic gates for implementing logical functions on data signals, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) having suitable combinational logic gates, programmable gate arrays (PGAs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), etc.

[0058] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps of the methods in the above embodiments can be implemented by a program instructing related hardware. The program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, the program includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiments.

[0059] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this disclosure can be integrated into a processing module, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into a module. The integrated module can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional module. If the integrated module is implemented as a software functional module and sold or used as an independent product, it can also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.

[0060] The storage medium mentioned above can be a read-only memory, a disk, or an optical disk, etc. Although embodiments of the present disclosure have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present disclosure. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A method for inverting the deformation of surrounding rock in roadways based on laser scanning and anchor bolt / cable stress, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Point cloud data of the target area of ​​the tunnel is acquired by three-dimensional laser scanning. The target area includes anchor bolt trays, anchor cable trays and surrounding rock. Based on the point cloud data, the point cloud of the anchor bolt tray, the point cloud of the anchor cable tray, and the point cloud of the surrounding rock are separated. The axial force of the anchor bolt in the target area is determined based on the anchor bolt tray point cloud, the axial force of the anchor cable in the target area is determined based on the anchor cable tray point cloud, and the total surface deformation of the target area is determined based on the surrounding rock point cloud. The deformation of the shallow surrounding rock in the target area is obtained by inverting the axial force of the anchor bolt, and the deformation of the middle surrounding rock in the target area is obtained by inverting the axial force of the anchor cable. The deformation of the deep surrounding rock in the target area is determined based on the total surface deformation, the deformation of the shallow surrounding rock, and the deformation of the middle surrounding rock.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of obtaining the deformation of the shallow surrounding rock in the target area based on the axial force inversion of the anchor bolt includes: Based on the axial force of the anchor bolt, combined with the cross-sectional area, elastic modulus, and free segment length of the anchor bolt, the deformation of the anchor bolt control range in the target area is obtained by inversion using Hooke's Law. The deformation of the shallow surrounding rock is obtained by interpolation based on the deformation within the control range of the anchor bolt.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of obtaining the deformation of the surrounding rock in the central part of the target area based on the axial force inversion of the anchor cable includes: Based on the axial force of the anchor cable, combined with the cross-sectional area, elastic modulus, and free length of the anchor cable, the deformation of the anchor cable control range in the target area is obtained by inversion using Hooke's Law. The deformation of the central surrounding rock is obtained by interpolation based on the deformation within the control range of the anchor cable.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The axial force of the anchor bolts and / or anchor cables in the target area is determined by the following formula. : in, E represents the anchor bolt tray deformation amount obtained from the anchor bolt tray point cloud or the anchor cable tray deformation amount obtained from the anchor cable tray point cloud, where E is the modulus, t is the tray thickness, and R is the tray radius. This is a Kelvin function.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the total surface deformation, the deformation of the shallow surrounding rock, and the deformation of the middle surrounding rock, the deformation of the deep surrounding rock in the target area is determined using the following formula: in, Let x be the deformation of the deep surrounding rock at position x in the target region. Let x be the total surface deformation at position x in the target region. Let x be the deformation of the shallow surrounding rock at position x in the target area. The value is the deformation of the surrounding rock at position x in the target area.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Based on the deformation of the shallow surrounding rock, the middle surrounding rock, and the deep surrounding rock, the deformation rates of the shallow surrounding rock, the middle surrounding rock, and the deep surrounding rock are determined respectively. Based on the deformation amount and deformation rate of the shallow surrounding rock, the middle surrounding rock, and the deep surrounding rock, the abnormal deformation areas and corresponding early warning types of the target area are identified according to the long short-term memory neural network model.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, Also includes: Based on the abnormal deformation area and the corresponding early warning type, a support optimization scheme for the target area is generated.

8. A tunnel surrounding rock deformation inversion device based on laser scanning and anchor bolt / cable force, characterized in that, include: The point cloud acquisition module is used to collect point cloud data of the target area of ​​the tunnel through three-dimensional laser scanning. The target area includes anchor bolt trays, anchor cable trays and surrounding rock. The extraction module is used to separate the anchor bolt tray point cloud, anchor cable tray point cloud, and surrounding rock point cloud based on the point cloud data; The layered monitoring module is used to determine the axial force of the anchor bolt in the target area based on the anchor bolt tray point cloud, to determine the axial force of the anchor cable in the target area based on the anchor cable tray point cloud, and to determine the total surface deformation of the target area based on the surrounding rock point cloud. The inversion module is used to invert the deformation of the shallow surrounding rock in the target area based on the axial force of the anchor bolt, and to invert the deformation of the middle surrounding rock in the target area based on the axial force of the anchor cable. The determination module is used to determine the deformation of the deep surrounding rock in the target area based on the total surface deformation, the deformation of the shallow surrounding rock, and the deformation of the middle surrounding rock.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: A processor, and a memory communicatively connected to the processor; The memory stores computer-executed instructions; The processor executes computer execution instructions stored in the memory to implement the method as described in any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, are used to implement the method as described in any one of claims 1-7.

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