Distributed temperature measuring device and method for dissecting blast furnace

Abstract

The invention discloses a distributed temperature measuring device and method for dissecting a blast furnace, belongs to the technical field of blast furnace dissecting, and is suitable for special smelting conditions such as a hydrogen-rich blast furnace. The device comprises a plurality of graphite protective metal sheet temperature measurement unit bodies, each unit body adopts compact high-purity graphite to make a box-type or ball-type protective shell, mutually separated accommodating cavities are arranged in each unit body, and temperature measurement metal sheets with different melting points are arranged in the accommodating cavities. During use, the temperature measuring units are put into a blast furnace target area along with furnace charge, and after the blast furnace is cooled and dissected, the temperature interval of the corresponding area is judged by observing the melting state of the metal sheet. Synchronous and accurate detection of the temperatures of different areas of the blast furnace is achieved, temperature field information in the furnace is effectively reserved, severe environment interference in the furnace is resisted, the problems that a traditional temperature measurement mode is insufficient in accuracy, and temperature information is difficult to retain are solved, and reliable data support is provided for research of a hydrogen-rich smelting thermal field.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of blast furnace dissection technology, specifically relating to a distributed temperature measurement device and method for dissecting blast furnaces, which is particularly suitable for detecting the internal temperature field of blast furnaces under special smelting conditions such as hydrogen-rich blast furnaces. Background Technology

[0002] Against the backdrop of the global steel industry's transition to low-carbon and green practices, hydrogen metallurgy has become a key pathway for carbon reduction. Hydrogen-enriched blast furnace ironmaking, by introducing hydrogen to replace part of the coke reduction process, can reduce CO2 emissions and optimize charge reduction kinetics and thermal energy utilization efficiency. The distribution of the temperature field within the furnace directly affects the degree of charge reduction, the characteristics of softening and dripping, and the airflow organization. It is a core parameter for evaluating the reaction mechanism and furnace stability of hydrogen-enriched smelting. Accurately understanding its spatial distribution and variation patterns is crucial for revealing thermochemical reaction characteristics and optimizing operating procedures.

[0003] However, the interior of a blast furnace is a "black box" reaction space, characterized by high temperature, high pressure, a strong reducing atmosphere, and high dust concentration, making it difficult to directly deploy sensors or optical detection devices. Current production monitoring relies heavily on indirect calculations using furnace top temperature, gas composition, thermocouple wall temperature, and furnace condition models, failing to accurately reflect the internal temperature distribution in the burden zone, softening zone, and hearth. Blast furnace dissection experiments are crucial for obtaining information on the state of materials, reaction rate, and temperature characteristics within the furnace; however, temperature measurement during dissection faces numerous challenges: the furnace body has been cooled for a long time during shutdown dissection, making real-time temperature information unretainable, requiring inference from embedded devices or residual heat, resulting in limited accuracy; the complex distribution of material layers within the furnace, uneven thermal contact, and complex heat conduction paths lead to measurement deviations; samples exposed to air are prone to oxidation and heat dissipation, resulting in rapid temperature drops; conventional thermocouples are susceptible to mechanical impact, oxidation, and signal distortion. These problems make it difficult to obtain the true internal temperature of the blast furnace, failing to systematically reflect the thermal field distribution under hydrogen-rich conditions, necessitating a reliable distributed temperature measurement technology suitable for dissection conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing blast furnace dissection temperature measurement methods, this invention provides a distributed temperature measurement device and method for blast furnace dissection. By utilizing the distributed layout of graphite box protective structures and the principle of metal melting point calibration, it achieves synchronous and accurate detection of temperatures in different areas of the blast furnace, preserves the temperature field distribution information inside the furnace, and provides data support for blast furnace dissection experiments and thermal field research under hydrogen-rich smelting conditions.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention first provides a distributed temperature measuring device for dissecting a blast furnace, characterized in that it includes multiple graphite protective metal sheet temperature measuring units, each temperature measuring unit including a graphite protective shell and multiple temperature measuring metal sheets disposed within the graphite protective shell; the graphite protective shell is made of dense high-purity graphite material, and has multiple mutually separated metal sheet cavities inside, with temperature measuring metal sheets of different melting points placed in each metal sheet cavity.

[0006] Furthermore, the graphite protective shell is a box-type structure, including a box cover and a box body that can be tightened by threads. The bottom of the box body is machined with multiple metal sheet cavities. After the box cover and the box body are tightened together, each metal sheet cavity is independently separated from the others.

[0007] Furthermore, the graphite protective shell has a spherical structure, including a left spherical shell, a right spherical shell, and an inner sphere. The left and right spherical shells are respectively machined with multiple metal sheet cavities. The left and right spherical shells are screwed together to form a spherical shell and enclose the inner sphere, so that each metal sheet cavity is independently separated from the others.

[0008] Furthermore, the temperature-sensing metal strips are selected from at least two of the following: lead, zinc, 7075 aluminum alloy, 6061 aluminum alloy, aluminum, phosphor bronze welding rod, brass welding rod, brass H80, brass H85, copper, copper-nickel alloy (Cu9Ni1, Cu8Ni2, Cu7Ni3, Cu6Ni4, Cu5Ni5, Cu4Ni6, Cu3Ni7, Cu2Ni8), and pure nickel, and the melting points of each temperature-sensing metal strip are distributed in a gradient.

[0009] The present invention also provides a distributed temperature measurement method for dissecting a blast furnace, employing the distributed temperature measurement device described above, and comprising the following steps:

[0010] (1) Based on the estimated temperature range of the blast furnace to be tested area, place a temperature measuring metal sheet with the corresponding melting point gradient in the metal sheet cavity of each temperature measuring unit.

[0011] (2) Multiple assembled temperature measuring units are fed into the target detection area of ​​the blast furnace in batches along with the furnace charge. The target detection area includes the bottom dripping area, the blocky area and the softening zone area.

[0012] (3) After the blast furnace smelting is completed and cooled, each temperature measuring unit is removed by dissection.

[0013] (4) Observe the melting state of the temperature measuring metal strip inside each temperature measuring unit, and determine the temperature range of the corresponding detection area by combining the known melting point of each metal strip.

[0014] Furthermore, for the low-temperature detection area of ​​the blast furnace, the selected temperature-measuring metal sheets include lead (327℃), zinc (420℃), 7075 aluminum alloy (477℃), 6061 aluminum alloy (580℃), aluminum (660℃), phosphor bronze welding rod (793℃), brass welding rod (900℃), brass H80 (980℃), brass H85 (1026℃), copper (1083℃), copper-nickel alloy Cu9Ni1 (1120℃), copper-nickel alloy Cu8Ni2 (1160℃), copper-nickel alloy Cu7Ni3 (1200℃), and copper-nickel alloy Cu6Ni4 (1240℃); for the high-temperature detection area of ​​the blast furnace, the selected... The temperature measuring metal strips include phosphor bronze welding rods (793℃), brass welding rods (900℃), brass H80 (1260℃), brass H85 (1026℃), copper (1083℃), copper-nickel alloy Cu9Ni1 (1120℃), copper-nickel alloy Cu8Ni2 (1160℃), copper-nickel alloy Cu7Ni3 (1200℃), copper-nickel alloy Cu6Ni4 (1240℃), copper-nickel alloy Cu5Ni5 (1280℃), copper-nickel alloy Cu4Ni6 (1310℃), copper-nickel alloy Cu3Ni7 (1350℃), copper-nickel alloy Cu2Ni8 (1380℃), and pure nickel (1455℃).

[0015] Furthermore, the blast furnace includes hydrogen-rich blast furnaces and conventional blast furnaces.

[0016] This invention utilizes a protective shell made of dense, high-purity graphite material, combined with multiple temperature-sensing metal sheets with gradient melting points to form a distributed temperature-sensing unit. Leveraging the excellent high-temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, and thermal insulation properties of graphite, it effectively resists the erosion and interference of the temperature-sensing elements caused by the high temperature, high pressure, strong reducing atmosphere, and high dust environment within the blast furnace, preventing oxidation of the temperature-sensing metal sheets or damage from mechanical impact. Furthermore, by utilizing the principle of metal melting point calibration, the melting state of the metal sheets within different temperature-sensing units accurately determines the temperature range of corresponding locations, achieving simultaneous temperature detection and long-term retention of temperature information in different areas of the blast furnace. Two optional protective shell structures can be adapted to different detection needs, balancing ease of processing and temperature uniformity. This effectively solves the problems of inaccurate indirect calculations, inability to retain temperature information in real time, and susceptibility to environmental interference that exist in traditional temperature measurement methods. It significantly improves the reliability and accuracy of temperature measurement during blast furnace dissection, and is particularly suitable for studying the furnace thermal field under special smelting conditions such as hydrogen-rich blast furnaces, providing reliable data support for revealing thermochemical reaction characteristics and optimizing smelting operation procedures.

[0017] The following will further explain the concept, specific structure, and technical effects of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, so as to fully understand the purpose, features, and effects of the present invention. The blast furnace includes hydrogen-rich blast furnaces and conventional blast furnaces. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the lid of the box-type temperature measuring unit of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the box-type temperature measuring unit body of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a top view of the box-type temperature measuring unit body of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the spherical temperature measuring unit of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a partial perspective view of the spherical temperature measuring unit of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a partial assembly diagram of the spherical temperature measuring unit of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The following description, with reference to the accompanying drawings, illustrates several preferred embodiments of the present invention to make its technical content clearer and easier to understand. The present invention can be embodied in many different forms, and the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments mentioned herein.

[0025] In the accompanying drawings, components with the same structure are indicated by the same numerical designation, and components with similar structures or functions are indicated by similar numerical designations. The dimensions and thicknesses of each component shown in the drawings are arbitrary, and the present invention does not limit the dimensions and thicknesses of each component. To make the illustrations clearer, the thickness of some components has been appropriately exaggerated in the drawings.

[0026] This invention first provides a distributed temperature measurement system. The system includes multiple temperature measurement units with graphite protective metal sheets. Each temperature measurement unit includes a graphite protective shell and multiple temperature measurement metal sheets disposed within the graphite protective shell.

[0027] In practice, the graphite protective shell can be configured as a box type or a spherical type.

[0028] In the first embodiment, Figure 1-3 As shown, the protective shell of the temperature measuring unit is a high-purity graphite box made of dense, high-purity graphite material, including a lid 1 and a body 2. The bottom of the body 2 has multiple metal sheet cavities 4 for holding metal sheets with different melting points. The lid 1 is screwed onto the body 2 via threads 3, thus separating the metal sheet cavities 4 from each other.

[0029] In the second embodiment, Figure 4-6As shown, the protective shell of the temperature measuring unit is a high-purity graphite sphere made of dense, high-purity graphite material, including a left spherical shell 11, a right spherical shell 12, and an inner sphere 10. Multiple metal sheet cavities 14 are machined inside the left and right spherical shells 11 and 12, respectively. When the left and right spherical shells 11 and 12 are tightly closed by threads 13 to form a spherical shell, and the inner sphere 10 is enclosed within the shell, the metal sheet cavities 14 are separated from each other.

[0030] Among them, the box-type temperature measuring unit is simple to process and has low cost, while the spherical temperature measuring unit has each metal plate chamber evenly distributed on the spherical surface, which makes the heating more uniform and the measurement accuracy higher.

[0031] During temperature measurement, depending on the requirements, metal plates with different melting points can be placed in the metal plate cavity of the temperature measuring unit, including: lead (327℃), zinc (420℃), 7075 aluminum alloy (477℃), 6061 aluminum alloy (580℃), aluminum (660℃), phosphor bronze welding rod (793℃), brass welding rod (900℃), brass H80 (980℃), brass H85 (1026℃), copper (1083℃), and copper-nickel alloy Cu9Ni1. (1120℃), copper-nickel alloy Cu8Ni2 (1160℃), copper-nickel alloy Cu7Ni3 (1200℃), copper-nickel alloy Cu6Ni4 (1240℃), brass H80 (1260℃), copper-nickel alloy Cu5Ni5 (1280℃), copper-nickel alloy Cu4Ni6 (1310℃), copper-nickel alloy Cu3Ni7 (1350℃), copper-nickel alloy Cu2Ni8 (1380℃), pure nickel (1455℃).

[0032] In use, multiple temperature measuring units are added in batches along with the furnace charge to the bottom dripping area, blocky area, and other locations of the test blast furnace during smelting. After the blast furnace cools down, each temperature measuring unit is removed during dissection, and the temperature range at that location in the blast furnace is determined by the melting state of each temperature measuring metal strip. For example, the following temperature measuring metal strips are placed in the temperature measuring unit located in the low-temperature zone: lead (Pb, melting point 327℃), zinc (Zn, 420℃), 7075 aluminum alloy (477℃), 6061 aluminum alloy (580℃), aluminum (Al, 660℃), phosphor bronze welding rod (793℃), brass welding rod (900℃), brass H80 (980℃), brass H85 (1026℃), copper (1083℃), copper-nickel alloy Cu9Ni1 (1120℃), Cu8Ni2 (1160℃), Cu7Ni3 (1200℃), and Cu6Ni4 (1240℃). Phosphorus copper welding rod (793℃), brass welding rod (900℃), brass H80 (1260℃), brass H85 (1026℃), copper (1083℃), and copper-nickel alloy Cu9Ni are placed in the temperature measuring unit in the high-temperature zone. The following samples were tested: Cu8Ni2 (1120℃), Cu7Ni3 (1200℃), Cu6Ni4 (1240℃), Cu5Ni5 (1280℃), Cu4Ni6 (1310℃), Cu3Ni7 (1350℃), Cu2Ni8 (1380℃), and pure nickel (1455℃). The results showed that the nickel sheet in the dripping zone temperature measurement unit was completely melted, indicating that the temperature in this area exceeded 1450℃. In the high-temperature zone sample at the lower edge of the softening zone, the copper-nickel alloy Cu2Ni8 was completely melted, and the pure nickel was partially melted, with a corresponding temperature of approximately 1380~1455℃. In the high-temperature zone sample at the upper edge of the softening zone, Cu4Ni6 was melted, and Cu3Ni7 was not melted, with a corresponding temperature of approximately 1310~1350℃. In the low-temperature zone sample at the upper part of the blocky zone, lead was completely melted, and zinc was not melted, with a corresponding temperature of approximately 327~420℃. The results are in good agreement with the numerical simulation and gas analysis results, indicating that the distributed temperature measurement device and method of the present invention can accurately reflect the real thermal state of different parts of the furnace.

[0033] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make numerous modifications and variations based on the concept of the present invention without creative effort. Therefore, all technical solutions that can be obtained by those skilled in the art based on the concept of the present invention through logical analysis, reasoning, or limited experimentation on the basis of existing technology should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A distributed temperature measurement device for disassembling a blast furnace, characterized by, The distributed temperature measuring device comprises a plurality of graphite protective metal sheet temperature measuring unit bodies, each of which comprises a graphite protective shell and a plurality of temperature measuring metal sheets arranged in the graphite protective shell; the graphite protective shell is made of dense high-purity graphite material and is internally provided with a plurality of mutually separated metal sheet cavities in which temperature measuring metal sheets with different melting points are placed.

2. The distributed temperature measurement device for disassembling a blast furnace according to claim 1, characterized by, The graphite protective shell has a box structure and comprises a box cover and a box body which are screwed together; the box body is provided at the bottom with a plurality of metal sheet cavities which are mutually separated after the box cover and the box body are screwed together.

3. The distributed temperature measurement device for disassembling a blast furnace according to claim 1, characterized by, The graphite protective shell has a spherical structure and comprises a left spherical shell, a right spherical shell and an inner spherical body; the left spherical shell and the right spherical shell are respectively provided with a plurality of metal sheet cavities; the left spherical shell and the right spherical shell are screwed together to form a spherical shell and wrap the inner spherical body, so that the metal sheet cavities are mutually separated.

4. The distributed temperature measurement device for disassembling a blast furnace according to claim 1, wherein The temperature measuring metal sheets are selected from at least two of lead, zinc, 7075 aluminum alloy, 6061 aluminum alloy, aluminum, phosphor copper welding rod, brass welding rod, brass H80, brass H85, red copper, copper-nickel alloy, pure nickel; the melting points of the temperature measuring metal sheets are distributed in a gradient manner.

5. A distributed temperature measurement method for disassembling a blast furnace, characterized by, The distributed temperature measuring device according to any one of claims 1-4 comprises the following steps: (1) placing temperature measuring metal sheets with corresponding melting point gradients in the metal sheet cavities of each temperature measuring unit body according to the temperature estimation range of the blast furnace to be detected; (2) putting a plurality of assembled temperature measuring unit bodies into the target detection area of the blast furnace in the smelting process in batches with the furnace charge; the target detection area comprises a bottom dripping area, a blocky area and a softening zone; (3) taking out each temperature measuring unit body by dissection after the blast furnace smelting is completed and cooled; (4) observing the melting state of the temperature measuring metal sheets in each temperature measuring unit body and determining the temperature range of the corresponding detection area in combination with the known melting points of the metal sheets.

6. The distributed temperature measurement method for disassembling a blast furnace according to claim 5, characterized by, For the low-temperature detection area of the blast furnace, the selected temperature measuring metal sheets include lead, zinc, 7075 aluminum alloy, 6061 aluminum alloy, aluminum, phosphor copper welding rod, brass welding rod, brass H80, brass H85, red copper, copper-nickel alloy Cu9Ni1, copper-nickel alloy Cu8Ni2, copper-nickel alloy Cu7Ni3, copper-nickel alloy Cu6Ni4; for the high-temperature detection area of the blast furnace, the selected temperature measuring metal sheets include phosphor copper welding rod, brass welding rod, brass H80, brass H85, red copper, copper-nickel alloy Cu9Ni1, copper-nickel alloy Cu8Ni2, copper-nickel alloy Cu7Ni3, copper-nickel alloy Cu6Ni4, copper-nickel alloy Cu5Ni5, copper-nickel alloy Cu4Ni6, copper-nickel alloy Cu3Ni7, copper-nickel alloy Cu2Ni8, pure nickel.

7. The distributed temperature measurement method for disassembling a blast furnace according to claim 5, characterized by, The blast furnace comprises a hydrogen-rich blast furnace and a conventional blast furnace.

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