Adjustable fine boring cutter of double-spiral-groove linkage structure

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of boring cutters, in particular to an adjustable fine boring cutter with a double-spiral-groove linkage structure, which comprises a cutter handle, two cutter holders which are distributed in a central symmetry manner are detachably mounted at the bottom of the cutter handle, and an adjusting mechanism for driving the cutter holders to move back and forth is mounted in the cutter handle. A linkage mechanism used for guiding the tool clamps to move synchronously and reversely and a locking mechanism used for locking the tool clamps are further installed on the tool handle. When the tool clamps need to be moved and adjusted, the first ball screws are driven to rotate to drive the corresponding first threaded sleeves to move forwards or backwards, the first threaded sleeves are used for driving the corresponding tool clamps to move and adjust, transmission is conducted between the two first ball screws through an anti-backlash gear, the two first ball screws are made to synchronously rotate in the opposite directions, and the two first ball screws are driven to move forwards or backwards. And errors caused by a gap between gears during forward and reverse rotation of the first ball screw can be preliminarily eliminated, and the adjustment accuracy of the two tool holders can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of boring tool technology, specifically to an adjustable precision boring tool with a double helical groove linkage structure. Background Technology

[0002] A boring bar is a type of boring tool, generally with a round shank, although square shanks are sometimes used for larger workpieces. It is most commonly used for internal hole machining, reaming, and contouring. It has one or two cutting edges and is specifically designed for roughing, semi-finishing, or finishing existing holes. A double-edged boring bar has two cutting teeth distributed on both sides of the center, cutting simultaneously. Because the radial forces generated during cutting are balanced, the cutting parameters can be increased, resulting in high production efficiency. Double-edged boring bars are classified into floating boring bars and fixed boring bars based on whether the insert floats on the boring bar. Floating boring bars are suitable for finishing holes. They are essentially equivalent to a reamer, capable of boring holes with high dimensional accuracy and a smooth surface. To increase the number of regrinding cycles, floating boring bars are often made with an adjustable structure.

[0003] Existing double-edged boring bars have a pair of meshing bevel gears / spur gears inside the tool holder. Two tool holders are connected to the gear shafts. When the center adjustment knob is rotated, the gears rotate synchronously in opposite directions, causing the two tool heads to extend / retract radially symmetrically. However, due to the backlash between the gears, errors can easily occur when the two gear shafts transmit power through the gears in both forward and reverse directions. This affects the accuracy of the synchronous adjustment of the two tool holders, resulting in inconsistent extension / retraction distances and consequently impacting the machining accuracy of the boring bar. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides an adjustable precision boring tool with a double helical groove linkage structure, comprising a tool holder, two centrally symmetrically distributed tool clips detachably mounted at the bottom of the tool holder, an adjustment mechanism for driving the tool clips to move back and forth installed inside the tool holder, and a linkage mechanism for guiding the tool clips to move synchronously in the opposite direction and a locking mechanism for locking the tool clips are also installed on the tool holder.

[0005] The adjustment mechanism includes a ball screw that rotates inside the tool holder and is symmetrical about left and right. The external thread of the ball screw is fitted with a threaded sleeve for driving the corresponding tool holder to move back and forth. The rear end of the ball screw is coaxially fixedly connected to a backlash-eliminating gear, and the two backlash-eliminating gears mesh with each other.

[0006] The linkage mechanism includes an oblique guide groove on one side of the two blade clips, a movable plate located between the two blade clips is slidably mounted on the bottom of the blade handle, a guide block is fixedly connected to the side of the movable plate near the corresponding blade clip, the guide block is slidably connected to the corresponding oblique guide groove, and a lifting component for driving the movable plate to move up and down is installed inside the blade handle.

[0007] In one possible implementation, the threaded sleeve is slidably connected to the tool holder, and a slide block is fixedly connected to the bottom of the threaded sleeve. The slide block is slidably connected to the tool holder and its bottom end is flush with the bottom surface of the tool holder. The tool clip is installed at the bottom of the corresponding slide block by a threaded mounting bolt.

[0008] In one possible implementation, a dial is rotatably mounted on the front side of the tool holder, the front side of the tool holder is provided with scale lines that match the dial, and the rear side of the dial is coaxially fixedly connected to one of the ball screws.

[0009] In one possible implementation, grooves for a movable plate are provided on opposite sides of the two tool holders, the movable plate being located between the two grooves, the oblique guide groove being located on the side of the groove away from the movable plate, and the two guide blocks being symmetrically distributed about the central axis of the tool holder.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the lifting assembly includes a second ball screw rotatably mounted inside the tool holder and located in front of the movable plate. A second threaded sleeve is threaded onto the external thread of the second ball screw. The second threaded sleeve is slidably connected to the tool holder. The rear side of the second threaded sleeve is fixedly connected to the movable plate. A worm gear is coaxially fixedly connected to the rear side of the dial. A worm is coaxially fixedly connected to the bottom of the second ball screw. The worm gear and the worm are connected in a transmission connection.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the locking mechanism includes concave pressure blocks slidably mounted inside the tool holder and distributed on the left and right sides, the concave pressure blocks being located above the threaded sleeve, and wing plates fixedly connected to both the front and rear sides of the concave pressure blocks, with a return spring fixedly installed between the bottom of the wing plates and the inner wall of the tool holder, and a pressing component for pushing the concave pressure blocks downward is also installed inside the concave pressure blocks.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the pressing assembly includes a movable rod that is slidably mounted inside the tool holder, the movable rod passing between two vertical sections of the concave pressure block, and a wedge block corresponding to the concave pressure block fixedly connected to the bottom of the movable rod. The wedge block is slidably engaged with the horizontal section of the concave pressure block, and a fastening bolt is threaded on the left side of the tool holder. The right end of the fastening bolt is rotatably connected to the left end of the movable rod.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the movable plate has a long through hole through which the movable rod passes, and a brake plate located on the left side of the movable plate is fixedly installed on the movable rod.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. When the tool holder needs to be moved and adjusted, the present invention drives the ball screw to rotate, thereby moving the corresponding threaded sleeve forward or backward. The threaded sleeve drives the corresponding tool holder to move and adjust. The two ball screws are transmitted through a backlash-free gear, so that the two ball screws rotate synchronously in opposite directions. This can initially eliminate the error caused by the backlash between the gears when the ball screws rotate in the forward and reverse directions, which is beneficial to improving the accuracy of the adjustment of the two tool holders.

[0015] 2. This invention uses a movable plate between two tool holders for guidance and limiting. While ball screw one drives threaded sleeve one to move the tool holder, ball screw one drives a worm and ball screw two to rotate via a worm gear. Ball screw two then drives threaded sleeve two to move upwards or downwards, causing the movable plate to move upwards or downwards synchronously. The two inclined guide grooves on the left and right sides have opposite inclination angles in the front-to-back direction. When one side of the tool holder moves forward or backward for adjustment, the tool holder will drive the movable plate downwards or upwards, and the movable plate will drive the other side of the tool holder to move backwards or forwards. The cooperation of the inclined guide grooves and guide blocks limits the movement of the tool holders on both sides, ensuring synchronous reverse movement of the tool holders on both sides, avoiding errors caused by gear meshing gaps, and further improving the accuracy of tool holder adjustment. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the first angle of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the second angle of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the right side of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the adjustment mechanism of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the separation of the blade holder and the movable plate of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the movable plate of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the front side of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the concave pressure block of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the pressing component of the present invention.

[0025] In the diagram: 1. Tool holder; 2. Tool clip; 21. Mounting bolt; 3. Adjustment mechanism; 31. Ball screw one; 32. Threaded sleeve one; 33. Slide; 34. Backlash-eliminating gear; 35. Dial; 4. Linkage mechanism; 41. Groove; 42. Inclined guide groove; 43. Movable plate; 431. Through hole; 44. Guide block; 45. Lifting assembly; 451. Ball screw two; 452. Threaded sleeve two; 453. Worm gear; 454. Worm; 5. Locking mechanism; 51. Concave pressure block; 511. Wing plate; 52. Return spring; 53. Pressing assembly; 531. Movable rod; 532. Wedge block; 533. Brake plate; 534. Fastening bolt. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways different from those described below, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0027] Please see Figures 1-9 An adjustable precision boring tool with a double helical groove linkage structure includes a tool holder 1. Two tool clips 2 are detachably mounted on the bottom of the tool holder 1 and are centrally symmetrically distributed. An adjustment mechanism 3 for driving the tool clips 2 to move back and forth is installed inside the tool holder 1. A linkage mechanism 4 for guiding the tool clips 2 to move synchronously in the opposite direction and a locking mechanism 5 for locking the tool clips 2 are also installed on the tool holder 1.

[0028] The adjusting mechanism 3 includes a ball screw 31 that rotates inside the tool holder 1 and is symmetrical from left to right. The ball screw 31 has a threaded sleeve 32 installed on its external thread to drive the corresponding tool holder 2 to move back and forth. The rear end of the ball screw 31 is coaxially fixedly connected to a backlash-free gear 34, and the two backlash-free gears 34 mesh with each other.

[0029] The linkage mechanism 4 includes an oblique guide groove 42 opened on the opposite side of the two blade clips 2. A movable plate 43 located between the two blade clips 2 is slidably installed at the bottom of the blade handle 1. A guide block 44 is fixedly connected to the side of the movable plate 43 near the corresponding blade clip 2. The guide block 44 is slidably connected to the corresponding oblique guide groove 42. A lifting component 45 for driving the movable plate 43 to move up and down is installed inside the blade handle 1.

[0030] In practical use, when the tool holder 2 needs to be moved and adjusted, one of the ball screws 31 is driven to rotate. This ball screw 31 drives the other ball screw 31 to rotate synchronously in the opposite direction through the transmission of the backlash-eliminating gear 34. The two ball screws 31 respectively drive the corresponding threaded sleeves 32 to move forward or backward. The threaded sleeves 32 drive the corresponding tool holder 2 to move and adjust. By using the backlash-eliminating gear 34 to transmit between the two ball screws 31, the error caused by the backlash between the gears when the ball screws 31 rotate in the forward and reverse directions can be initially eliminated, which helps to improve the accuracy of the adjustment of the two tool holders 2.

[0031] While the threaded sleeve 32 moves the tool holder 2, the lifting assembly 45 moves the movable plate 43 upward or downward simultaneously. The movable plate 43 then moves the guide block 44 upward or downward, allowing the guide block 44 to slide along the corresponding inclined guide groove 42 during the adjustment of the tool holder 2. Since the left and right tool holders 2 are symmetrically distributed about the center of the tool handle 1, the inclined guide grooves 42 on the tool holder 2 are also symmetrically distributed about the center of the tool handle 1. The inclination angles of the left and right inclined guide grooves 42 in the front-back direction are opposite. When one side of the tool holder 2 moves forward or backward for adjustment, the tool holder 2 will move the movable plate 43 downward or upward, and the movable plate 43 will move the other side of the tool holder 2 backward or forward. By using the cooperation of the inclined guide grooves 42 and the guide block 44 to limit the movement of the tool holders 2 on both sides, it is possible to ensure that the tool holders 2 on both sides move in opposite directions synchronously, avoiding errors caused by gear meshing gaps, and further improving the accuracy of tool holder 2 adjustment.

[0032] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 The threaded sleeve 32 is slidably connected to the tool holder 1. The bottom of the threaded sleeve 32 is fixedly connected to the slide 33. The slide 33 is slidably connected to the tool holder 1 and its bottom end is flush with the bottom surface of the tool holder 1. The tool clip 2 is installed at the bottom of the corresponding slide 33 by the threaded mounting bolt 21.

[0033] In practical use, the threaded sleeve 32 is driven to move back and forth by the ball screw 31. The threaded sleeve 32 drives the corresponding slide 33 and the tool holder 2 to move back and forth. The tool holder 2 is detachably mounted on the slide 33 by the mounting bolt 21, which makes it convenient to adjust and replace the tool holder 2.

[0034] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 A dial 35 is rotatably mounted on the front side of the tool holder 1. The front side of the tool holder 1 is provided with scale lines that match the dial 35. The rear side of the dial 35 is coaxially and fixedly connected to one of the ball screws 31.

[0035] In practical use, when adjusting the tool holder 2, the corresponding ball screw 31 is rotated by rotating the dial 35, which in turn drives the tool holder 2 to move back and forth for adjustment. The angle of rotation of the dial 35 is indicated by the scale lines on the dial 35 and the tool holder 1, ensuring the accuracy of the adjustment.

[0036] Please see Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 The two tool holders 2 are provided with grooves 41 on opposite sides for the movable plate 43 to move. The movable plate 43 is located between the two grooves 41. The oblique guide groove 42 is located on the side of the groove 41 away from the movable plate 43. The two guide blocks 44 are symmetrically distributed about the central axis of the tool holder 1.

[0037] In practical use, when the left and right blade clips 2 are attached together, the groove 41 leaves enough space between the two blade clips 2 to facilitate the movement of the movable plate 43 between the two blade clips 2. Since the guide blocks 44 on both sides of the movable plate 43 are symmetrical about the central axis of the blade handle 1, the guide blocks 44 are used to guide and limit the blade clips 2 to ensure that the two blade clips 2 move synchronously in opposite directions.

[0038] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 7 The lifting assembly 45 includes a second ball screw 451 rotatably mounted inside the tool holder 1 and located in front of the movable plate 43. A second threaded sleeve 452 is installed on the external thread of the second ball screw 451. The second threaded sleeve 452 is slidably connected to the tool holder 1. The rear side of the second threaded sleeve 452 is fixedly connected to the movable plate 43. A worm gear 453 is coaxially fixedly connected to the rear side of the dial 35. A worm 454 is coaxially fixedly connected to the bottom of the second ball screw 451. The worm gear 453 and the worm 454 are connected in a transmission connection.

[0039] In practical use, when the dial 35 rotates, it drives the worm gear 453 to rotate. The worm gear 453 drives the worm 454 and the ball screw 451 to rotate. The ball screw 451 drives the threaded sleeve 452 to move up or down, which in turn drives the movable plate 43 to move up or down synchronously. Through the linkage between the movable plate 43 and the two ball screws 31, the tool holder 2 is moved and adjusted, so that the two tool holders 2 move in opposite directions synchronously, ensuring the accuracy of the tool holder 2 adjustment.

[0040] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 7 and Figure 8The locking mechanism 5 includes a concave pressure block 51 that is slidably installed inside the tool holder 1 and distributed on the left and right. The concave pressure block 51 is located above the threaded sleeve 32. Wing plates 511 are fixedly connected to both the front and rear sides of the concave pressure block 51. A return spring 52 is fixedly installed between the bottom of the wing plate 511 and the inner wall of the tool holder 1. The return spring 52 is in a compressed state. A pressing component 53 for pushing the concave pressure block 51 downward is also installed inside the concave pressure block 51.

[0041] In practical use, the return spring 52 provides an upward force to the concave pressure block 51, giving the concave pressure block 51 an upward tendency. When the concave pressure block 51 loses the push of the pressing component 53, the concave pressure block 51 can release the compression and locking of the threaded sleeve 32.

[0042] Please see Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 The pressing assembly 53 includes a movable rod 531 that is slidably installed inside the tool holder 1. The movable rod 531 passes between the two vertical sections of the concave pressure block 51. The bottom of the movable rod 531 is fixedly connected to a wedge block 532 that corresponds one-to-one with the concave pressure block 51. The inclined surface at the bottom of the wedge block 532 is inclined to the lower left. The wedge block 532 slides in cooperation with the horizontal section of the concave pressure block 51. A fastening bolt 534 is threaded on the left side of the tool holder 1. The right end of the fastening bolt 534 is rotatably connected to the left end of the movable rod 531.

[0043] Please see Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 9 The movable plate 43 has a long through hole 431 for the movable rod 531 to pass through, and a brake plate 533 located on the left side of the movable plate 43 is also fixedly installed on the movable rod 531.

[0044] In practical use, before adjusting the tool holder 2, first rotate the fastening bolt 534 to the left. The fastening bolt 534 drives the movable rod 531 to the left. The movable rod 531 drives the wedge block 532 and the brake plate 533 to move to the left together, so that the wedge block 532 and the brake plate 533 release the lock on the concave pressure block 51 and the movable plate 43. At this time, the return force of the return spring 52 pushes the concave pressure block 51 to move upward, so that the concave pressure block 51 releases the lock on the threaded sleeve 32, which facilitates the subsequent movement and adjustment of the threaded sleeve 32 and the movable plate 43.

[0045] After adjusting the tool holder 2 to the appropriate position, rotate the fastening bolt 534 to the right. As the fastening bolt 534 moves to the right, it drives the movable rod 531 to move to the right. The movable rod 531 drives the wedge block 532 and the brake plate 533 to move to the right together. The wedge block 532 pushes the concave pressure block 51 downward, so that the concave pressure block 51 is pressed against the top of the threaded sleeve 32, preventing the threaded sleeve 32 from moving back and forth. At the same time, the brake plate 533 is pressed against the left side of the movable plate 43, preventing the movable plate 43 from moving up and down. The movable plate 43 performs secondary limiting on the tool holder 2 through the guide block 44, improving the stability of the tool holder 2 locking.

[0046] By using the fastening bolt 534 to move the movable rod 531 to the left or right, when the fastening bolt 534 moves to the right to the tightened state, the movable rod 531 is fixed by the fastening bolt 534 to prevent the movable rod 531 from becoming loose.

[0047] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "connected," "installed," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, an integral connection, or a sliding connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0048] The embodiments described herein are preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adjustable precision boring tool with a double helical groove linkage structure, comprising a tool holder (1), characterized in that: The bottom of the handle (1) is detachably equipped with two centrally symmetrically distributed blade clips (2). The handle (1) is equipped with an adjustment mechanism (3) for driving the blade clips (2) to move back and forth. The handle (1) is also equipped with a linkage mechanism (4) for guiding the blade clips (2) to move synchronously in the opposite direction and a locking mechanism (5) for locking the blade clips (2). The adjustment mechanism (3) includes a ball screw (31) that rotates inside the tool holder (1) and is symmetrical to the left and right. The external thread of the ball screw (31) is fitted with a threaded sleeve (32) for driving the corresponding tool holder (2) to move back and forth. The rear end of the ball screw (31) is coaxially fixedly connected to a backlash-free gear (34), and the two backlash-free gears (34) mesh with each other. The linkage mechanism (4) includes an oblique guide groove (42) opened on the opposite side of the two blade clips (2). A movable plate (43) located between the two blade clips (2) is slidably installed at the bottom of the blade handle (1). A guide block (44) is fixedly connected to the side of the movable plate (43) near the corresponding blade clip (2). The guide block (44) is slidably connected to the corresponding oblique guide groove (42). A lifting component (45) for driving the movable plate (43) to move up and down is installed inside the blade handle (1).

2. The adjustable precision boring tool with a double helical groove linkage structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The threaded sleeve (32) is slidably connected to the tool holder (1). The bottom of the threaded sleeve (32) is fixedly connected to a slide (33). The slide (33) is slidably connected to the tool holder (1) and its bottom end is flush with the bottom surface of the tool holder (1). The tool clip (2) is installed at the bottom of the corresponding slide (33) by a threaded mounting bolt (21).

3. The adjustable precision boring tool with a double helical groove linkage structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A dial (35) is rotatably mounted on the front side of the tool holder (1). The front side of the tool holder (1) is provided with scale lines that match the dial (35). The rear side of the dial (35) is coaxially fixedly connected to one of the ball screws (31).

4. The adjustable precision boring tool with a double helical groove linkage structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two blade clips (2) are provided with grooves (41) for the movable plate (43) to move on opposite sides. The movable plate (43) is located between the two grooves (41). The oblique guide groove (42) is located on the side of the groove (41) away from the movable plate (43). The two guide blocks (44) are symmetrically distributed about the central axis of the blade holder (1).

5. The adjustable precision boring tool with a double helical groove linkage structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lifting assembly (45) includes a ball screw two (451) rotatably mounted inside the tool holder (1) and located on the front side of the movable plate (43). The ball screw two (451) has a threaded sleeve two (452) installed on its external thread. The threaded sleeve two (452) is slidably connected to the tool holder (1) up and down. The rear side of the threaded sleeve two (452) is fixedly connected to the movable plate (43). The rear side of the dial (35) is coaxially fixedly connected to a worm gear (453). The bottom of the ball screw two (451) is coaxially fixedly connected to a worm (454). The worm gear (453) and the worm (454) are connected in a transmission connection.

6. The adjustable precision boring tool with a double helical groove linkage structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking mechanism (5) includes a concave pressure block (51) that is slidably installed inside the handle (1) and distributed on the left and right. The concave pressure block (51) is located above the threaded sleeve (32). Wing plates (511) are fixedly connected to both the front and rear sides of the concave pressure block (51). A return spring (52) is fixedly installed between the bottom of the wing plate (511) and the inner wall of the handle (1). A pressing component (53) for pushing the concave pressure block (51) downward is also installed inside the concave pressure block (51).

7. The adjustable precision boring tool with a double helical groove linkage structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The pressing assembly (53) includes a movable rod (531) that is slidably installed inside the handle (1). The movable rod (531) passes between the two vertical sections of the concave pressure block (51). The bottom of the movable rod (531) is fixedly connected to a wedge block (532) that corresponds one-to-one with the concave pressure block (51). The wedge block (532) slides with the horizontal section of the concave pressure block (51). A fastening bolt (534) is threaded on the left side of the handle (1). The right end of the fastening bolt (534) is rotatably connected to the left end of the movable rod (531).

8. The adjustable precision boring tool with a double helical groove linkage structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The movable plate (43) has a long through hole (431) through which the movable rod (531) passes, and a brake plate (533) located on the left side of the movable plate (43) is also fixedly installed on the movable rod (531).

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